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Zhang Y, Wang X, Ji Y, Hong H, Geng X, Zhang K, Fu Z, Cai G, Chen X, Li P, Hong Q. All-trans retinoic acid pretreatment of mesenchymal stem cells enhances the therapeutic effect on acute kidney injury. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:291. [PMID: 38802835 PMCID: PMC11129434 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
A promising new therapy option for acute kidney injury (AKI) is mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, there are several limitations to the use of MSCs, such as low rates of survival, limited homing capacity, and unclear differentiation. In search of better therapeutic strategies, we explored all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) pretreatment of MSCs to observe whether it could improve the therapeutic efficacy of AKI. We established a renal ischemia/reperfusion injury model and treated mice with ATRA-pretreated MSCs via tail vein injection. We found that AKI mice treated with ATRA-MSCs significantly improved renal function compared with DMSO-MSCs treatment. RNA sequencing screened that hyaluronic acid (HA) production from MSCs promoted by ATRA. Further validation by chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments verified that retinoic acid receptor RARα/RXRγ was a potential transcription factor for hyaluronic acid synthase 2. Additionally, an in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation model was established using human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2). After co-culturing HK-2 cells with ATRA-pretreated MSCs, we observed that HA binds to cluster determinant 44 (CD44) and activates the PI3K/AKT pathway, which enhances the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and proliferative repair effects of MSCs in AKI. Inhibition of the HA/CD44 axis effectively reverses the renal repair effect of ATRA-pretreated MSCs. Taken together, our study suggests that ATRA pretreatment promotes HA production by MSCs and activates the PI3K/AKT pathway in renal tubular epithelial cells, thereby enhancing the efficacy of MSCs against AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuwei Ji
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Haijuan Hong
- Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Geng
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
- Health Care Office of the Service Bureau of Agency for Offices Administration of the Central Military Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhangning Fu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Guangyan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Quan Hong
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Buse M, Cheng M, Jankowski V, Lellig M, Sterzer V, Strieder T, Leuchtle K, Martin IV, Seikrit C, Brinkkoettter P, Crispatzu G, Floege J, Boor P, Speer T, Kramann R, Ostendorf T, Moeller MJ, Costa IG, Stamellou E. Lineage tracing reveals transient phenotypic adaptation of tubular cells during acute kidney injury. iScience 2024; 27:109255. [PMID: 38444605 PMCID: PMC10914483 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Tubular injury is the hallmark of acute kidney injury (AKI) with a tremendous impact on patients and health-care systems. During injury, any differentiated proximal tubular cell (PT) may transition into a specific injured phenotype, so-called "scattered tubular cell" (STC)-phenotype. To understand the fate of this specific phenotype, we generated transgenic mice allowing inducible, reversible, and irreversible tagging of these cells in a murine AKI model, the unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). For lineage tracing, we analyzed the kidneys using single-cell profiling during disease development at various time points. Labeled cells, which we defined by established endogenous markers, already appeared 8 h after injury and showed a distinct expression set of genes. We show that STCs re-differentiate back into fully differentiated PTs upon the resolution of the injury. In summary, we show the dynamics of the phenotypic transition of PTs during injury, revealing a reversible transcriptional program as an adaptive response during disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Buse
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mingbo Cheng
- Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vera Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michaela Lellig
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Viktor Sterzer
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thiago Strieder
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katja Leuchtle
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ina V. Martin
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Claudia Seikrit
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul Brinkkoettter
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Centre for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Giuliano Crispatzu
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Centre for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Floege
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Timotheus Speer
- Medical Clinic 4, Nephrology, University of Frankfurt und Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tammo Ostendorf
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marcus J. Moeller
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ivan G. Costa
- Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eleni Stamellou
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Franzin R, Stasi A, De Palma G, Picerno A, Curci C, Sebastiano S, Campioni M, Cicirelli A, Rizzo A, Di Lorenzo VF, Pontrelli P, Pertosa GB, Castellano G, Gesualdo L, Sallustio F. Human Adult Renal Progenitor Cells Prevent Cisplatin-Nephrotoxicity by Inducing CYP1B1 Overexpression and miR-27b-3p Down-Regulation through Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2023; 12:1655. [PMID: 37371125 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents strongly associated with nephrotoxicity. Tubular adult renal progenitor cells (tARPC) can regenerate functional tubules and participate in the repair processes after cisplatin exposition. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effect of tARPC on renal epithelium during cisplatin nephrotoxicity. By performing a whole-genome transcriptomic analysis, we found that tARPC, in presence of cisplatin, can strongly influence the gene expression of renal proximal tubular cell [RPTEC] by inducing overexpression of CYP1B1, a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily capable of metabolizing cisplatin and of hypoxia/cancer-related lncRNAs as MIR210HG and LINC00511. Particularly, tARPC exerted renoprotection and regeneration effects via extracellular vesicles (EV) enriched with CYP1B1 and miR-27b-3p, a well-known CYP1B1 regulatory miRNA. The expression of CYP1B1 by tARPC was confirmed by analyzing biopsies of cisplatin-treated renal carcinoma patients that showed the colocalization of CYP1B1 with the tARPC marker CD133. CYP1B1 was also overexpressed in urinary EV purified from oncologic patients that presented nephrotoxicity episodes after cisplatin treatment. Interestingly CYP1B1 expression significantly correlated with creatinine and eGFR levels. Taken together, our results show that tARPC are able to counteract cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity via CYP1B1 release through EV. These findings provide a promising therapeutic strategy for nephrotoxicity risk assessment that could be related to abundance of renal progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Franzin
- Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Stasi
- Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Palma
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Picerno
- Department Interdisciplinary of Medicine (DIM), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Curci
- Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Serena Sebastiano
- Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Campioni
- Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Cicirelli
- Department Interdisciplinary of Medicine (DIM), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzo
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Oncologia Medica per la Presa in Carico Globale del Paziente Oncologico 'Don Tonino Bello', IRCCS Istituto Tumori 'Giovanni Paolo II', Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Paola Pontrelli
- Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Pertosa
- Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Zhang T, Li Y, Wise AF, Kulkarni K, Aguilar MI, Samuel CS, Del Borgo M, Widdop RE, Ricardo SD. The protective effects of a novel AT 2 receptor agonist, β-Pro 7Ang III in ischemia-reperfusion kidney injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114556. [PMID: 36948137 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study investigated the reno-protective effects of a highly selective AT2R agonist peptide, β-Pro7Ang III in a mouse model of acute kidney injury (AKI). METHODS C57BL/6 J mice underwent either sham surgery or unilateral kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) for 40 min. IRI mice were treated with either β-Pro7Ang III or perindopril and at 7 days post-surgery the kidneys analysed for histopathology and the development of fibrosis and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 activity. The association of the therapeutic effects of β-Pro7Ang III with macrophage number and phenotype was determined in vivo and in vitro. KEY RESULTS Decreased kidney tubular injury, interstitial matrix expansion and reduced interstitial immune cell infiltration in IRI mice receiving β-Pro7Ang III treatment was observed at day 7, compared to IRI mice without treatment. This correlated to reduced collagen accumulation and MMP-2 activity in IRI mice following β-Pro7Ang III treatment. FACS analysis showed a reduced number and proportion of CD45+CD11b+F4/80+ macrophages in IRI kidneys in response to β-Pro7Ang III, correlating with a significant increase in M2 macrophage markers and decreased M1 markers at day 3 and 7 post-IR injury, respectively. In vitro analysis of cultured THP-1 cells showed that β-Pro7Ang III attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)- 6 production but increased IL-10 secretion, compared to LPS alone. CONCLUSION Administration of β-Pro7Ang III via mini-pump improved kidney structure and reduced interstitial collagen accumulation, in parallel with an alteration of macrophage phenotype and anti-inflammatory cytokine release, therefore mitigating the downstream progression of ischemic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Yifang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Andrea F Wise
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ketav Kulkarni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Marie-Isabel Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Mark Del Borgo
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Robert E Widdop
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Sharon D Ricardo
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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5
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Ruas AFL, Lébeis GM, de Castro NB, Palmeira VA, Costa LB, Lanza K, Simões E Silva AC. Acute kidney injury in pediatrics: an overview focusing on pathophysiology. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:2037-2052. [PMID: 34845510 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-021-05346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as an abrupt decline in glomerular filtration rate, with increased serum creatinine and nitrogenous waste products due to several possible etiologies. Incidence in the pediatric population is estimated to be 3.9 per 1,000 hospitalizations, and prevalence among children admitted to intensive care units is 26.9%. Despite being a condition with important incidence and morbimortality, further evidence on pathophysiology and management among the pediatric population is still lacking. This narrative review aimed to summarize and discuss current data on AKI pathophysiology in the pediatric population, considering all the physiological particularities of this age range and common etiologies. Additionally, we reported current diagnostic tools, novel biomarkers, and newly proposed medications that have been studied with the aim of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of AKI in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Flávia Lima Ruas
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Alfredo Balena Avenue, Number 190, 2nd floor, Room #281, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130100, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Malheiros Lébeis
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Alfredo Balena Avenue, Number 190, 2nd floor, Room #281, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130100, Brazil
| | - Nicholas Bianco de Castro
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Alfredo Balena Avenue, Number 190, 2nd floor, Room #281, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130100, Brazil
| | - Vitória Andrade Palmeira
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Alfredo Balena Avenue, Number 190, 2nd floor, Room #281, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130100, Brazil
| | - Larissa Braga Costa
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Alfredo Balena Avenue, Number 190, 2nd floor, Room #281, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130100, Brazil
| | - Katharina Lanza
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Alfredo Balena Avenue, Number 190, 2nd floor, Room #281, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130100, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Alfredo Balena Avenue, Number 190, 2nd floor, Room #281, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130100, Brazil.
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6
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Forsse JS, Buckley D, Ismaeel A, Richardson KA, Oliver A, Koutakis P. Effect of Age and Acute-Moderate Intensity Exercise on Biomarkers of Renal Health and Filtration. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:527. [PMID: 35453726 PMCID: PMC9029611 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic exercise elicits a multitude of physiological improvements in both healthy and diseased populations. However, acute changes in renal health and filtration with aerobic exercise remain difficult to quantify by traditional biomarkers to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). This study aimed to determine if an acute bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise transiently improves non-traditional biomarkers when compared to traditional biomarkers of renal health and filtration in individuals without cardiometabolic diseases. Thirty-nine participants (n = 18 men; n = 21 women; age 32.5 + 12.6 yr; height 171.1 + 11.4 cm; weight 78.7 + 15.6 kg; BMI 27.1 + 5.8) completed a single bout of moderate-intensity (50-60% HRR) aerobic exercise. Blood and urine samples were collected and compared before and post-exercise. Serum creatinine, urine epidermal growth factor (uEGF), uEGF/urine creatinine ratio (uEGFR), and cystatin C (CyC) were measured. In addition, eGFR-MDRD and the CKD-epidemiology equations were used to analyze renal clearance. Relative to pre-exercise measures: serum creatinine (p = 0.26), uEGF (p = 0.35), and uEGFR (p = 0.09) remained unchanged, whereas cystatin C (p = 0.00) significantly increased post-exercise. CyC eGFR was the only estimator of renal filtration to significantly change (p = 0.04). In conclusion, CyC is the only biomarker of renal health and filtration to significantly increase after aerobic exercise. Further investigation focused on sampling time and exercise-intensity is needed to solidify the current understanding of renal health and filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S. Forsse
- Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA;
- Kinesiology Department, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA; (D.B.); (A.O.)
| | - David Buckley
- Kinesiology Department, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA; (D.B.); (A.O.)
- Integrative Immunology Laboratory, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Ahmed Ismaeel
- Clinical Muscle Biology Lab, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA;
| | - Kathleen A. Richardson
- Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA;
| | - Autumn Oliver
- Kinesiology Department, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA; (D.B.); (A.O.)
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71203, USA
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7
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Li X, Jiang B, Zou Y, Zhang J, Fu YY, Zhai XY. Roxadustat (FG-4592) Facilitates Recovery From Renal Damage by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Folic Acid. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:788977. [PMID: 35280255 PMCID: PMC8915431 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.788977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Incomplete recovery from acute kidney injury induced by folic acid is a major risk factor for progression to chronic kidney disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been considered a crucial contributor to maladaptive repair in acute kidney injury. Treatment with FG-4592, an inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor prolyl-hydroxylase, is emerging as a new approach to attenuate renal damage; however, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The current research demonstrated the protective effect of FG-4592 against renal dysfunction and histopathological damage on the 7th day after FA administration. FG-4592 accelerated tubular repair by promoting tubular cell regeneration, as indicated by increased proliferation of cell nuclear antigen-positive tubular cells, and facilitated structural integrity, as reflected by up-regulation of the epithelial inter-cellular tight junction molecule occludin-1 and the adherens junction molecule E-cadherin. Furthermore, FG-4592 ameliorated tubular functional recovery by restoring the function-related proteins aquaporin1, aquaporin2, and sodium chloride cotransporter. Specifically, FG-4592 pretreatment inhibited hypoxia inducible factor-1α activation on the 7th day after folic acid injection, which ameliorated ultrastructural abnormalities, promoted ATP production, and attenuated excessive reactive oxygen species production both in renal tissue and mitochondria. This was mainly mediated by balancing of mitochondrial dynamics, as indicated by down-regulation of mitochondrial fission 1 and dynamin-related protein 1 as well as up-regulation of mitofusin 1 and optic atrophy 1. Moreover, FG-4592 pretreatment attenuated renal tubular epithelial cell death, kidney inflammation, and subsequent interstitial fibrosis. In vitro, TNF-α-induced HK-2 cells injury could be ameliorated by FG-4592 pretreatment. In summary, our findings support the protective effect of FG-4592 against folic acid-induced mitochondrial dysfunction; therefore, FG-4592 treatment can be used as a useful strategy to facilitate tubular repair and mitigate acute kidney injury progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Zhai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Institute of Nephropathology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yue Zhai,
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8
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Guan L, Fan P, Liu X, Liu R, Liu Y, Bai H. Migration of Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells in Response to Physiological Electric Signals. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:724012. [PMID: 34595174 PMCID: PMC8476913 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.724012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Restoration of proximal tubular cell integrity and function after ischemic injury involves cell migration and proliferation. Endogenous fields are present during embryonic development and wound healing. Electric field (EF)-induced effects on cell migration have been observed in many cell types. This study investigated the effect of physiological direct current EF (dc EF) on the motility of renal epithelial cells. Human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) and human-derived renal epithelial (HEK-293) cells were exposed to dc EF at physiological magnitude. Cell images were recorded and analyzed using an image analyzer. Cell lysates were used to detect protein expression by western blot. Scratch wounds were created in monolayers of HK-2 cells, and wound areas of cells were measured in response to EF exposure. Cells migrated significantly faster in the presence of an EF and toward the cathode. Application of an EF led to activation of the Erk1/2, p38 MAPK, and Akt signaling pathways. Pharmacological inhibition of Erk1/2, p38 MAPK, and Akt impaired EF-induced migratory responses, such as motility rate and directedness. In addition, exposure of the monolayers to EF enhanced EF-induced HK-2 wound healing. Our results suggest that EFs augment the rate of single renal epithelium migration and induce cell cathodal migration through activation of Erk1/2, p38 MAPK, and Akt signaling. Moreover, exposure of the renal epithelium to EF facilitated closure of in vitro small wounds by enhancing cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Guan
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinghui Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Division of Peptides Related with Human Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huai Bai
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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9
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Langston C, Gordon D. Effects of IV Fluids in Dogs and Cats With Kidney Failure. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:659960. [PMID: 33959654 PMCID: PMC8093391 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.659960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous fluid therapy has long been the mainstay of treatment of kidney disease, including acute kidney injury and uremic crisis associated with chronic kidney disease. Careful management of fluid dose is critical, as animals with kidney disease may have marked derangements in their ability to regulate fluid homeostasis and acid-base status. Understanding of the physiology of renal fluid handling is necessary, along with repeated attention to parameters of fluid status, electrolytes, and acid-base balance, to achieve optimal hydration status and avoid further damage or decrease in function from dehydration or overhydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Langston
- The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Daniel Gordon
- The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
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10
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Bedair TM, Heo Y, Ryu J, Bedair HM, Park W, Han DK. Biocompatible and functional inorganic magnesium ceramic particles for biomedical applications. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1903-1923. [PMID: 33506843 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01934h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium ceramics hold promise for numerous biological applications. This review covers the synthesis of magnesium ceramic particles with specific morphologies and potential modification techniques. Magnesium ceramic particles possess multiple characteristics directly applicable to human biology; they are anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and offer anti-cancer effects. Based on these advantages, magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles have been extensively utilized across biomedical fields. In a vascular stent, the incorporation of magnesium ceramic nanoparticles enhances re-endothelialization. Additionally, tissue regeneration for bone, cartilage, and kidney can be promoted by magnesium ceramics. This review enables researchers to identify the optimum synthetic conditions to prepare magnesium ceramics with specific morphologies and sizes and select the appropriate modification protocols. It is also intended to elucidate the desirable physicochemical properties and biological benefits of magnesium ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M Bedair
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi 13488, Korea.
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11
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Saini S, Rani L, Shukla N, Banerjee M, Chowdhuri DK, Gautam NK. Development of a Drosophila melanogaster based model for the assessment of cadmium and mercury mediated renal tubular toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110811. [PMID: 32544744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Xenobiotic mediated renal toxicity is one of the major health concerns to the organisms, including humans. New chemicals with nephrotoxic potential are continuously being added to the list of existing nephrotoxicants. To predict the nephrotoxicity of these new chemicals, reliable and cost-effective alternative animal models are required. It is a prerequisite for the identification and assessment of these compounds as potential nephrotoxicants to prevent renal toxicity in the exposed population. Drosophila melanogaster, a genetically tractable invertebrate animal model, has a renal system functionally analogous to humans. The Malpighian tubules (MTs) of D. melanogaster are similar to the tubular part of nephron of the human kidney. Besides, it recapitulates the renal toxicity hallmark with mammals when exposed to known nephrotoxicants. In this study, first instar larvae of D. melanogaster (Oregon R) were exposed to different concentrations of two well-known nephrotoxicants, cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg). Akin to higher organisms, Cd and Hg exposure to D. melanogaster produce similar phenotypes. MTs of exposed D. melanogaster larvae exhibited increased oxidative stress, activated cellular antioxidant defense mechanism, GSH depletion, increased cleaved caspase-3 expression, increased DEVDase activity and increased cell death. The functional status of MTs was assessed by fluid secretion rate (FSR), efflux activity of transporter protein, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP level and expression of junctional protein (Dlg). All the phenotypes observed in MTs of D. melanogaster larvae recapitulate the phenotypes observed in higher organisms. Increased uric acid level, the hallmark of renal dysfunction, was also observed in exposed larvae. Taken together, the study suggests that MTs of D. melanogaster may be used as a functional model to evaluate xenobiotic mediated nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Saini
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Lavi Rani
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Shukla
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India; Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monisha Banerjee
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Debapratim Kar Chowdhuri
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naveen Kumar Gautam
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India; Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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12
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Mehrotra P, Ullah MM, Collett JA, Myers SL, Dwinell MR, Geurts AM, Basile DP. Mutation of RORγT reveals a role for Th17 cells in both injury and recovery from renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 319:F796-F808. [PMID: 32924545 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00187.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate T helper type 17 (Th17) cells in the setting of acute kidney injury, the gene encoding the master regulator of Th17 cell differentiation, that is, RAR-related orphan receptor-γ (RORγT), was mutated in Lewis rats using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In response to 40 min of bilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), RAR-related orphan receptor C (Rorc)-/- rats were resistant to injury relative to wild-type Rorc+/+ rats. This protection was associated with inhibition of IL-17 expression and reduced infiltration of CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, B cells, and macrophages. To evaluate the effect of Th17 cells on repair, ischemia was increased to 50 min in Rorc-/- rats. This maneuver equalized the initial level of injury in Rorc-/- and Rorc+/+ rats 1 to 2 days post-I/R based on serum creatinine values. However, Rorc-/- rats, but not Rorc+/+ rats, failed to successfully recover renal function and had high mortality by 4 days post-I/R. Histological assessment of kidney tubules showed evidence of repair by day 4 post-I/R in Rorc+/+ rats but persistent necrosis and elevated cell proliferation in Rorc-/- rats. Adoptive transfer of CD4+ cells from the spleen of Rorc+/+ rats or supplementation of exogenous rIL-17 by an osmotic minipump improved renal function and survival of Rorc-/- rats following 50 min of I/R. This was associated with a relative decrease in the number of M1-type macrophages and a relative increase in the percentage of T regulatory cells. Taken together, these data suggest that Th17 cells have both a deleterious and a beneficial role in kidney injury and recovery, contributing to early postischemic injury and inflammation but also possibly being critical in the resolution of inflammation during kidney repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purvi Mehrotra
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Md Mahbub Ullah
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jason A Collett
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sarah L Myers
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Melinda R Dwinell
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Aron M Geurts
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - David P Basile
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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13
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Bradley JR, Wang J, Bardsley V, Broecker V, Thiru S, Pober JS, Al-Lamki RS. Signaling through tumor necrosis receptor 2 induces stem cell marker in CD133 + regenerating tubular epithelial cells in acute cell-mediated rejection of human renal allografts. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:2380-2391. [PMID: 32167668 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) is strongly upregulated on renal tubular epithelial cells by acute cell-mediated rejection (ACR. In human kidney organ culture, TNFR2 signaling both upregulates TNFR2 expression and promotes cell cycle entry of tubular epithelial cells. We find significantly more cells express CD133 mRNA and protein, a putative stem cell marker, in allograft biopsy samples with ACR compared to acute tubular injury without rejection or pretransplant "normal kidney" biopsy samples. Of CD133+ cells, ~85% are within injured tubules and ~15% are interstitial. Both populations express stem cell marker TRA-1-60 and TNFR2, but only tubular CD133+ cells express proximal tubular markers megalin and aquaporin-1. TNFR2+ CD133+ cells in tubules express proliferation marker phospho-histone H3S10 (pH3S10 ). Tubular epithelial cells in normal kidney organ cultures respond to TNFR2 signaling by expressing CD133 mRNA and protein, stem cell marker TRA-1-60, and pH3S10 within 3 hours of treatment. This rapid response time suggests that CD133+ cells in regenerating tubules of kidneys undergoing ACR represent proliferating tubular epithelial cells with TNFR2-induced stem cell markers rather than expansion of resident stem cells. Infiltrating host mononuclear cells are a likely source of TNF as these changes are absent in acute tubular injury .
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Bradley
- Department of Medicine, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Medicine, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Victoria Bardsley
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Verena Broecker
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sathia Thiru
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jordan S Pober
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Rafia S Al-Lamki
- Department of Medicine, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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14
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Ullah MM, Basile DP. Role of Renal Hypoxia in the Progression From Acute Kidney Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease. Semin Nephrol 2020; 39:567-580. [PMID: 31836039 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, there has been an increased appreciation of the long-term sequelae of acute kidney injury (AKI) and the potential development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several pathophysiologic features have been proposed to mediate AKI to CKD progression including maladaptive alterations in tubular, interstitial, inflammatory, and vascular cells. These alterations likely interact to culminate in the progression to CKD. In this article we focus primarily on evidence of vascular rarefaction secondary to AKI, and the potential mechanisms by which rarefaction occurs in relation to other alterations in tubular and interstitial compartments. We further focus on the potential that rarefaction contributes to renal hypoxia. Consideration of the role of hypoxia in AKI to CKD transition focuses on experimental evidence of persistent renal hypoxia after AKI and experimental maneuvers to evaluate the influence of hypoxia, per se, in progressive disease. Finally, consideration of methods to evaluate hypoxia in patients is provided with the suggestion that noninvasive measurement of renal hypoxia may provide insight into progression in post-AKI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahbub Ullah
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - David P Basile
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN.
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15
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Wang W, Shen J, Qi C, Pu J, Chen H, Zuo Z. The key candidate genes in tubulointerstitial injury of chronic kidney diseases patients as determined by bioinformatic analysis. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 38:761-772. [PMID: 32340064 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanpeng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Lianshui County People's HospitalKangda College of Nanjing Medical University Huai'an China
- Department of Central LaboratoryLianshui County People's Hospital Huai'an China
| | - Jianxiao Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China
| | - Chaojun Qi
- Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China
| | - Juan Pu
- Department of Central LaboratoryLianshui County People's Hospital Huai'an China
| | - Haoyu Chen
- Department of Central LaboratoryLianshui County People's Hospital Huai'an China
| | - Zhi Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda HospitalMedical School of Southeast University Nanjing China
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16
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Scintigraphic evaluation of renoprotective effects of coenzyme Q10 in a rat renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nucl Med Commun 2020; 40:1011-1021. [PMID: 31365500 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) may occur secondary to several reasons leading to renal failure. Coenzyme-Q10 (CoQ10) is a well-known antioxidant. However, the effects CoQ10 against RIRI have not been evaluated. Our aim was to evaluate protective effects of CoQ10 to renal ischemia-reperfusion by biochemical, immunohistochemical and scintigraphic findings. METHODS Thirty Wistar-albino rats were randomly separated into groups of 10; Group Sham; Group ischemia-reperfusion (IR) had left renal pedicle clamping; Group CoQ10+IR had IR and CoQ10. Twenty-four hours later after reperfusion, scintigraphy was performed and after that, rats were sacrificed. To demonstrate effects of RIRI, serum urea and creatinine levels and tissue levels oxidative stress markers were evaluated. Both kidneys were subjected to histopathological evaluation and to confirm RIRI-induced immunohistochemical aspects of apoptosis, terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase mediated-deoxyuridine-triphosphate-nick-end-labeling assay and caspase-3 were assessed. RESULTS Tissue oxidative stress, histopathologic changes, apoptosis scores and quantitative scintigraphic parameters were significantly higher in Group IR compared with Group Sham. Although tissue oxidative stress levels and histopathologic changes were not significant, quantitative scintigraphic parameters of contralateral kidney of Group IR were significantly increased. Compared with Group IR, Group CoQ10+IR presented decreased tissue oxidative stress levels; decreased scores of histopathology and apoptosis; and decreased quantitative scintigraphic parameters with increased split renal function in ischemic kidney. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that other than its antioxidant properties, CoQ10 shows antiperoxidative, antiapoptotic and antiinflammatory potential in protecting renal functioning of ischemic kidney. Furthermore, our results show that renal scintigraphy is a feasible method to detect early changes in renal functioning after RIRI.
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17
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Lih E, Park W, Park KW, Chun SY, Kim H, Joung YK, Kwon TG, Hubbell JA, Han DK. A Bioinspired Scaffold with Anti-Inflammatory Magnesium Hydroxide and Decellularized Extracellular Matrix for Renal Tissue Regeneration. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:458-467. [PMID: 30937373 PMCID: PMC6439446 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Kidney diseases are a worldwide public health issue. Renal tissue regeneration using functional scaffolds with biomaterials has attracted a great deal of attention due to limited donor organ availability. Here, we developed a bioinspired scaffold that can efficiently induce renal tissue regeneration. The bioinspired scaffold was designed with poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), and decellularized renal extracellular matrix (ECM). The Mg(OH)2 inhibited materials-induced inflammatory reactions by neutralizing the acidic microenvironment formed by degradation products of PLGA, and the acellular ECM helped restore the biological function of kidney tissues. When the PLGA/ECM/Mg(OH)2 scaffold was implanted in a partially nephrectomized mouse model, it led to the regeneration of renal glomerular tissue with a low inflammatory response. Finally, the PLGA/ECM/Mg(OH)2 scaffold was able to restore renal function more effectively than the control groups. These results suggest that the bioinspired scaffold can be used as an advanced scaffold platform for renal disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lih
- Center
for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science
and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Park
- Department
of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Wan Park
- Center
for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science
and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Chun
- BioMedical
Research Institute, Kyungpook National University
Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuncheol Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ki Joung
- Center
for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science
and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department
of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook
National University, Daegu 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey A. Hubbell
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of
Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Dong Keun Han
- Department
of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13488, Republic of Korea
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18
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Yeo WS, Zhang YC. Bioengineering in renal transplantation: technological advances and novel options. Pediatr Nephrol 2018; 33:1105-1111. [PMID: 28589209 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-017-3706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world with significant morbidity and mortality. Current modes of renal replacement therapy include dialysis and renal transplantation. Although dialysis is an acceptable mode of renal replacement therapy, it does have its shortcomings, which include poorer life expectancy compared with renal transplantation, risk of infections and vascular thrombosis, lack of vascular access and absence of biosynthetic functions of the kidney. Renal transplantation, in contrast, is the preferred option of renal replacement therapy, with improved morbidity and mortality rates and quality of life, compared with dialysis. Renal transplantation, however, may not be available to all patients with ESKD. Some of the key factors limiting the availability and efficiency of renal transplantation include shortage of donor organs and the constant risk of rejection with complications associated with over-immunosuppression respectively. This review focuses chiefly on the potential roles of bioengineering in overcoming limitations in renal transplantation via the development of cell-based bioartificial dialysis devices as bridging options before renal transplantation, and the development of new sources of organs utilizing cell and organ engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wee-Song Yeo
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, Shaw-National Kidney Foundation, National University Hospital Children's Kidney Centre, Khoo Teck Puat-National University, Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
| | - Yao-Chun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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19
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HIF stabilization inhibits renal epithelial cell migration and is associated with cytoskeletal alterations. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9497. [PMID: 29934555 PMCID: PMC6015081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27918-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and potentially lethal complication in the hospitalized patients, with hypoxic injury being as a major cause. The loss of renal tubular epithelial cells (TEC), one of the AKI hallmarks, is potentially followed by tubular regeneration process orchestrated by the remaining uninjured TECs that undergo proliferation and migration. In this study, we used human primary TEC to investigate the initiation of tubular cell migration and associated cytoskeletal alterations in response to pharmacological HIF stabilization which resembles the pathophysiology of hypoxia. Tubular cells have been shown to migrate as cohorts in a wound healing assay. Importantly, cells of distal tubular origin moved faster than those of proximal origin. HIF stabilization impaired TEC migration, which was confirmed by live single cell tracking. HIF stabilization significantly reduced tubular cell migration velocity and promoted cell spreading. In contrast to the control conditions, HIF stabilization induced actin filaments rearrangement and cell adhesion molecules including paxillin and focal adhesion kinase. Condensed bundling of keratin fibers was also observed, while the expression of different types of keratins, phosphorylation of keratin 18, and the microtubule structure were not altered. In summary, HIF stabilization reduced the ability of renal tubular cells to migrate and led to cytoskeleton reorganization. Our data suggested an important involvement of HIF stabilization during the epithelial migration underlying the mechanism of renal regeneration in response to AKI.
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20
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Targeting Oct2 and P53: Formononetin prevents cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 326:15-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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21
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Aquaporin-3 deletion in mice results in renal collecting duct abnormalities and worsens ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1231-1241. [PMID: 28344130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporin-3 (AQP3), a transporter of water, glycerol and H2O2, is expressed in basolateral membranes of principal cells in kidney collecting duct. Here, we report that AQP3 deletion in mice affects renal function and modulates renal injury. We found collecting duct hyperplasia and cell swelling in kidneys of adult AQP3 null mice. After mild renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR), AQP3 null mice had significantly greater blood urea nitrogen (57mg/dl) and creatinine (136μM) than wild-type mice (35mg/dl and 48μM, respectively), and showed renal morphological changes, including tubular dilatation, erythrocyte diapedesis and collecting duct incompletion. MPO, MDA and SOD following IR in AQP3 null mice were significantly different from that in wild-type mice (1.7U/g vs 0.8U/g, 3.9μM/g vs 2.4μM/g, 6.4U/mg vs 11U/mg, respectively). Following IR, AQP3 deletion inhibited activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and produced an increase in the ratios of Bax/Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 and p-p53/p53. Studies in transfected MDCK cells showed that AQP3 expression attenuated reduced cell viability following hypoxia-reoxygenation, with reduced apoptosis and increased MAPK signaling. Our results support a novel role for AQP3 in modulating renal injury and suggest the mechanisms involved in protection against hypoxic injury.
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Abstract
The Xenopus genus includes several members of aquatic frogs native to Africa but is perhaps best known for the species Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis. These species were popularized as model organisms from as early as the 1800s and have been instrumental in expanding several biological fields including cell biology, environmental toxicology, regenerative biology, and developmental biology. In fact, much of what we know about the formation and maturation of the vertebrate renal system has been acquired by examining the intricate genetic and morphological patterns that epitomize nephrogenesis in Xenopus. From these numerous reports, we have learned that the process of kidney development is as unique among organs as it is conserved among vertebrates. While development of most organs involves increases in size at a single location, development of the kidney occurs through a series of three increasingly complex nephric structures that are temporally distinct from one another and which occupy discrete spatial locales within the body. These three renal systems all serve to provide homeostatic, osmoregulatory, and excretory functions in animals. Importantly, the kidneys in amphibians, such as Xenopus, are less complex and more easily accessed than those in mammals, and thus tadpoles and frogs provide useful models for understanding our own kidney development. Several descriptive and mechanistic studies conducted with the Xenopus model system have allowed us to elucidate the cellular and molecular mediators of renal patterning and have also laid the foundation for our current understanding of kidney repair mechanisms in vertebrates. While some species-specific responses to renal injury have been observed, we still recognize the advantage of the Xenopus system due to its distinctive similarity to mammalian wound healing, reparative, and regenerative responses. In addition, the first evidence of renal regeneration in an amphibian system was recently demonstrated in Xenopus laevis. As genetic and molecular tools continue to advance, our appreciation for and utilization of this amphibian model organism can only intensify and will certainly provide ample opportunities to further our understanding of renal development and repair.
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Chambers BE, Wingert RA. Renal progenitors: Roles in kidney disease and regeneration. World J Stem Cells 2016; 8:367-375. [PMID: 27928463 PMCID: PMC5120241 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i11.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease is a devastating condition that affects millions of people worldwide, and its prevalence is predicted to significantly increase. The kidney is a complex organ encompassing many diverse cell types organized in a elaborate tissue architecture, making regeneration a challenging feat. In recent years, there has been a surge in the field of stem cell research to develop regenerative therapies for various organ systems. Here, we review some recent progressions in characterizing the role of renal progenitors in development, regeneration, and kidney disease in mammals. We also discuss how the zebrafish provides a unique experimental animal model that can provide a greater molecular and genetic understanding of renal progenitors, which may contribute to the development of potential regenerative therapies for human renal afflictions.
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Lih E, Park KW, Chun SY, Kim H, Kwon TG, Joung YK, Han DK. Biomimetic Porous PLGA Scaffolds Incorporating Decellularized Extracellular Matrix for Kidney Tissue Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:21145-21154. [PMID: 27456613 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is now recognized as a major health problem, but current therapies including dialysis and renal replacement have many limitations. Consequently, biodegradable scaffolds to help repairing injured tissue are emerging as a promising approach in the field of kidney tissue engineering. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a useful biomedical material, but its insufficient biocompatibility caused a reduction in cell behavior and function. In this work, we developed the kidney-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) incorporated PLGA scaffolds as a cell supporting material for kidney tissue regeneration. Biomimetic PLGA scaffolds (PLGA/ECM) with different ECM concentrations were prepared by an ice particle leaching method, and their physicochemical and mechanical properties were characterized through various analyses. The proliferation of renal cortical epithelial cells on the PLGA/ECM scaffolds increased with an increase in ECM concentrations (0.2, 1, 5, and 10%) in scaffolds. The PLGA scaffold containing 10% of ECM has been shown to be an effective matrix for the repair and reconstitution of glomerulus and blood vessels in partially nephrectomized mice in vivo, compared with only PLGA control. These results suggest that not only can the tissue-engineering techniques be an effective alternative method for treatment of kidney diseases, but also the ECM incorporated PLGA scaffolds could be promising materials for biomedical applications including tissue engineered scaffolds and biodegradable implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lih
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Wan Park
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University , Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Chun
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuncheol Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University , Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ki Joung
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology , Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Keun Han
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology , Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Regenerative pharmacology for the treatment of acute kidney injury: Skeletal muscle stem/progenitor cells for renal regeneration? Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:802-807. [PMID: 27001227 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative pharmacology and advanced therapy medicinal products is a relatively new and challenging field in drug development. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical condition in nephrology with increasing incidence and high mortality rate. During the last few decades, researchers have been eagerly trying to find novel therapeutic strategies for AKI treatment, including advanced pharmacological therapies using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Several types of MSCs have been thoroughly investigated, including bone marrow, adipose derived and umbilical cord blood MSCs and shown promising results in kidney repair. Research has demonstrated, that MSCs exert their effect through reduction of apoptosis, increased production of growth factors, suppression of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes, promotion of renal tubular cell proliferation, as well as by migration and direct incorporation into the renal tissue. Skeletal muscle-derived stem/progenitor cells (MDSPCs) are mesenchymal stem cell lineage of multipotent cells, demonstrating long-term proliferation, high self-renewal capacities, and ability to enhance endogenous tissue repair. The capacity of MDSPCs to regenerate a variety of different tissues following acute injury or destructive tissue diseases have been demonstrated in preclinical and clinical studies. MDSPCs were also reported to promote endogenous tissue repair via paracrine pathway. Considering advantageous properties of MDSPCs, the administration of these cells might be considered as a potential strategy for the treatment of AKI. However, to date, the therapeutic effect of MDSPCs for renal regeneration has not been investigated. This review reflects the current development in AKI treatment using different types of MSCs and the pilot results of the experimental study in vivo using a novel type of stem cells - MDSPCs for the treatment of gentamicin-induced AKI.
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Lin YQ, Wang LR, Pan LL, Wang H, Zhu GQ, Liu WY, Wang JT, Braddock M, Zheng MH. Kidney bioengineering in regenerative medicine: An emerging therapy for kidney disease. Cytotherapy 2015; 18:186-97. [PMID: 26596504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of end-stage renal disease is emerging as a serious worldwide public health problem because of the shortage of donor organs and the need to take lifelong immunosuppressive medication in patients who receive a transplanted kidney. Recently, tissue bioengineering of decellularization and recellularization scaffolds has emerged as a novel strategy for organ regeneration, and we review the critical technologies supporting these methods. We present a summary of factors associated with experimental protocols that may shed light on the future development of kidney bioengineering and we discuss the cell sources and bioreactor techniques applied to the recellularization process. Finally, we review some artificial renal engineering technologies and their future prospects, such as kidney on a chip and the application of three-dimensional and four-dimensional printing in kidney tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qian Lin
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Renji School of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Li-Ren Wang
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang-Liang Pan
- School of Laboratory and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gui-Qi Zhu
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wen-Yue Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Wang
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Martin Braddock
- Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, United Kingdom
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Rodríguez-Romo R, Berman N, Gómez A, Bobadilla NA. Epigenetic regulation in the acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease transition. Nephrology (Carlton) 2015; 20:736-743. [DOI: 10.1111/nep.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Rodríguez-Romo
- Molecular Physiology Unit; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Mexico City Mexico
- Department of Nephrology; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán; Mexico City Mexico
| | - Nathan Berman
- Molecular Physiology Unit; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Mexico City Mexico
- Department of Nephrology; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán; Mexico City Mexico
| | - Arturo Gómez
- Molecular Physiology Unit; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Mexico City Mexico
- Department of Nephrology; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán; Mexico City Mexico
| | - Norma A Bobadilla
- Molecular Physiology Unit; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Mexico City Mexico
- Department of Nephrology; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán; Mexico City Mexico
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Sallustio F, Serino G, Schena FP. Potential Reparative Role of Resident Adult Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells in Acute Kidney Injury. Biores Open Access 2015; 4:326-33. [PMID: 26309808 PMCID: PMC4509615 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2015.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human kidney is particularly susceptible to ischemia and toxins with consequential tubular necrosis and activation of inflammatory processes. This process can lead to the acute renal injury, and even if the kidney has a great capacity for regeneration after tubular damage, in several circumstances, the normal renal repair program may not be sufficient to achieve a successful regeneration. Resident adult renal stem/progenitor cells could participate in this repair process and have the potentiality to enhance the renal regenerative mechanism. This could be achieved both directly, by means of their capacity to differentiate and integrate into the renal tissues, and by means of paracrine factors able to induce or improve the renal repair or regeneration. Recent genetic fate-tracing studies indicated that tubular damage is instead repaired by proliferative duplication of epithelial cells, acquiring a transient progenitor phenotype and by fate-restricted clonal cell progeny emerging from different nephron segments. In this review, we discuss about the properties and the reparative characteristics of high regenerative CD133(+)/CD24(+) cells, with a view to a future application of these cells for the treatment of acute renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari , Bari, Italy . ; C.A.R.S.O. Consortium, Strada Prov. le Valenzano-Casamassima Km 3 , Valenzano, Italy . ; Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento , Lecce-Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Grazia Serino
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari , Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Schena
- C.A.R.S.O. Consortium, Strada Prov. le Valenzano-Casamassima Km 3 , Valenzano, Italy . ; Schena Foundation, Research Center of Renal Diseases , Bari, Italy
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Chen X, Wang CC, Song SM, Wei SY, Li JS, Zhao SL, Li B. The administration of erythropoietin attenuates kidney injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion with increased activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. J Formos Med Assoc 2015; 114:430-7. [PMID: 25682558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Understanding the mechanisms of protecting the kidneys from injury is of great importance because there are no effective therapies that promote repair and the kidneys frequently do not repair adequately. Evidence has shown that erythropoietin (EPO) has a vital renoprotective role, independent of its erythropoietic effect. However, whether EPO can contribute to kidney repair after injury and the potential mechanisms are not fully understood. METHODS To investigate the renoprotective mechanism of EPO, a kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) model was induced in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were subsequently randomly treated with EPO or a vehicle 6 hours after the kidney IRI. The rats were sacrificed on Day 3, Day 5, and Day 7 post kidney IRI. Renal function and histological alterations were examined. Renal interstitial macrophage infiltration, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were evaluated by immunostaining. Furthermore, the effects of EPO on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and IRI-related micro-RNAs were investigated. RESULTS The administration of EPO significantly improved renal function and reduced tubular injury. Furthermore, EPO treatment significantly prevented tubular cell apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation after IRI. Erythropoietin significantly suppressed macrophage infiltration, compared to the vehicle. In addition, treatment with EPO markedly prevented the loss of microvasculature. We have also demonstrated that, compared to the vehicle, EPO administration enhanced the expression of Wnt7b and β-catenin, and downregulated miR-21, -214, -210, and -199a. CONCLUSION Erythropoietin protects the kidneys against IRI by attenuating injury of the renal microvasculature and tubule epithelial cells, by promoting Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation, and by regulating miRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Cen-Cen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shu-Min Song
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shi-Yao Wei
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian-Si Li
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shi-Lei Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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30
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Attenuation of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by açaí extract preconditioning in a rat model. Life Sci 2015; 123:35-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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31
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Nguan CYC, Guan Q, Gleave ME, Du C. Promotion of cell proliferation by clusterin in the renal tissue repair phase after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 306:F724-33. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00410.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal repair begins soon after the kidney suffers ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI); however, its molecular pathways are not fully understood. Clusterin (Clu) is a chaperone protein with cytoprotective functions in renal IRI. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Clu in renal repair after IRI. IRI was induced in the left kidneys of wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J (B6) vs. Clu knockout (KO) B6 mice by clamping the renal pedicles for 28–45 min at the body temperature of 32°C. The renal repair was assessed by histology and confirmed by renal function. Gene expression was examined using PCR array. Here, we show that following IRI, renal tubular damage and Clu expression in WT kidneys were induced at day 1, reached the maximum at day 3, and significantly diminished at day 7 along with normal function, whereas the tubular damage in Clu KO kidneys steadily increased from initiation of insult to the end of the experiment, when renal failure occurred. Renal repair in WT kidneys was positively correlated with an increase in Ki67+ proliferative tubular cells and survival from IRI. The functions of Clu in renal repair and renal tubular cell proliferation in cultures were associated with upregulation of a panel of genes that could positively regulate cell cycle progression and DNA damage repair, which might promote cell proliferation but not involve cell migration. In conclusion, these data suggest that Clu is required for renal tissue regeneration in the kidney repair phase after IRI, which is associated with promotion of tubular cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Y. C. Nguan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Qiunong Guan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Martin E. Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Immunity and Infection Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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32
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Agha FE, Youness ER, Selim MMH, Ahmed HH. Nephroprotective potential of selenium and taurine against mercuric chloride induced nephropathy in rats. Ren Fail 2014; 36:704-16. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.890012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hypertension-related, calcium-regulated gene (HCaRG/COMMD5) and kidney diseases: HCaRG accelerates tubular repair. J Nephrol 2014; 27:351-60. [PMID: 24515317 PMCID: PMC4104007 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-014-0054-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a risk factor for renal impairment. While treatment of hypertension provides significant renal protection, there is still an unmet need requiring further exploration of additional pathogenetic mechanisms. We have found that the hypertension-related, calcium-regulated gene (HCaRG/COMMD5) is involved in renal repair. HCaRG is a small intracellular protein of 225 amino acids and its gene expression is negatively regulated by extracellular calcium concentrations. HCaRG is mostly expressed in the kidneys, with higher levels found in the spontaneously hypertensive rat than in normotensive rats. In an acute kidney injury model, HCaRG expression decreases immediately after injury but increases above baseline during the repair phase. In cell cultures, HCaRG has been shown to facilitate differentiation and to inhibit cell proliferation via p21 transactivation through the p53-independent signaling pathway. Induction of p21 independently of p53 is also observed in transgenic mice overexpressing HCaRG during the repair phase after ischemia/reperfusion injury, resulting in their improved renal function and survival with rapid re-differentiation of proximal tubular epithelial cells. In addition, transgenic mice recover rapidly from the inflammatory burst most likely as a result of maintenance of the tubular epithelial barrier. Recent studies indicate that facilitating re-differentiation and cell cycle regulation in injured renal proximal tubules might be important functions of HCaRG. We have proposed that HCaRG is a component of differential genetic susceptibility to renal impairment in response to hypertension.
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Yang Y, Wei RB, Zheng XY, Qiu Q, Cui SY, Yin Z, Shi SZ, Chen XM. Effects of compound Shenhua tablet on renal tubular Na+-K+-ATPase in rats with acute ischemic reperfusion injury. Chin J Integr Med 2014; 20:200-8. [PMID: 24464369 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-014-1740-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Compound Shenhua Tablet (, SHT) on the sodium-potassium- exchanging adenosinetriphosphatase (Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase) in the renal tubular epithelial cells of rats with acute ischemic reperfusion and to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of SHT on renal ischemic reperfusion injury (RIRI). METHODS Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the sham surgery group, model group, astragaloside group [150 mg/(kg·d)], SHT low-dose group [1.5 g/(kg·d)] and SHT high-dose group [3.0 g/(kg·d)], with 10 rats in each group. After 1 week of continuous intragastric drug administration, surgery was performed to establish the model. At either 24 or 72 h after the surgery, 5 rats in each group were sacrificed, blood biochemistry, renal pathology, immunoblot and immunohistochemical examinations were performed, and double immunofluorescence staining was observed under a laser confocal microscope. RESULTS Compared with the sham surgery group, the serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were significantly increased, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase protein level was decreased, and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) protein level was increased in the model group after the surgery (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the SCr, BUN, pathological scores, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, and the KIM-1 protein level of the three treatment groups were significantly improved at 72 h after the surgery (P<0.05 or P<0.01). And the SCr, BUN of the SHT low- and high-dose groups, and the pathological scores of the SHT high-dose group were significantly lower than those of the astragaloside group (P<0.05). The localizations of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and megalin of the model group were disrupted, with the distribution areas overlapping with each other and alternately arranged. The severity of the disruption was slightly milder in three treatment groups compared with that of the model group. The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that the SHT high-dose group had a superior effect as compared with the astragaloside group and the SHT low-dose group. CONCLUSIONS The SHT effectively alleviated RIRI caused by ischemic reperfusion, promoted the recovery of the polarity of renal tubular epithelial cells, and protected the renal tubules. The therapeutic effects of SHT were superior to those of astragaloside as a single agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- State Discipline and State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease (Chinese PLA General Hospital, 2011DAV00088), Beijing, 100853, China
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Liu WJ, Luo MN, Tan J, Chen W, Huang LZ, Yang C, Pan Q, Li B, Liu HF. Autophagy activation reduces renal tubular injury induced by urinary proteins. Autophagy 2013; 10:243-56. [PMID: 24345797 PMCID: PMC5396082 DOI: 10.4161/auto.27004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is shown to be beneficial for renal tubular injury caused by nephrotoxic drugs. To investigate whether autophagy could protect renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) from injury induced by urinary proteins, we studied the activity and action of autophagy in TECs after urinary protein overload in vivo and in vitro. We found that autophagic vacuoles increased in TECs from patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) and rat models with severe proteinuria induced by cationic BSA. In HK-2 cells, exposure to urinary proteins extracted from patients with MCNS led to a significant increase in autophagosome and autolysosome formation and decrease in SQSTM1/p62 protein level. Urinary protein addition also induced lysosomal turnover of LC3-II and perinuclear clustering of lysosomes. These changes were mediated by a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, pretreatment of HK-2 cells with rapamycin reduced the production of LCN2/NGAL and HAVCR1/KIM-1 and the level of apoptosis induced by urinary proteins. In contrast, blocking autophagy with chloroquine or BECN1 siRNAs exerted an opposite effect. Similar results were also observed in animal models with proteinuria after treatments with rapamycin and chloroquine. Taken together, our results indicated an increase in autophagic flux, which mounts an adaptive response in TECs after urinary protein overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jing Liu
- Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Medical College; Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mian-Na Luo
- Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Medical College; Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Medical College; Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Medical College; Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lei-zhao Huang
- Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Medical College; Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Medical College; Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Medical College; Zhanjiang, China
| | - Benyi Li
- Department of Urology; University of Kansas Medical Center; Kansas City, KS USA
| | - Hua-feng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Medical College; Zhanjiang, China
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Hanschmann EM, Godoy JR, Berndt C, Hudemann C, Lillig CH. Thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, and peroxiredoxins--molecular mechanisms and health significance: from cofactors to antioxidants to redox signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 19:1539-605. [PMID: 23397885 PMCID: PMC3797455 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 494] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxins (Trxs), glutaredoxins (Grxs), and peroxiredoxins (Prxs) have been characterized as electron donors, guards of the intracellular redox state, and "antioxidants". Today, these redox catalysts are increasingly recognized for their specific role in redox signaling. The number of publications published on the functions of these proteins continues to increase exponentially. The field is experiencing an exciting transformation, from looking at a general redox homeostasis and the pathological oxidative stress model to realizing redox changes as a part of localized, rapid, specific, and reversible redox-regulated signaling events. This review summarizes the almost 50 years of research on these proteins, focusing primarily on data from vertebrates and mammals. The role of Trx fold proteins in redox signaling is discussed by looking at reaction mechanisms, reversible oxidative post-translational modifications of proteins, and characterized interaction partners. On the basis of this analysis, the specific regulatory functions are exemplified for the cellular processes of apoptosis, proliferation, and iron metabolism. The importance of Trxs, Grxs, and Prxs for human health is addressed in the second part of this review, that is, their potential impact and functions in different cell types, tissues, and various pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Hanschmann
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - José Rodrigo Godoy
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carsten Berndt
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Hudemann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Horst Lillig
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
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Chen J, Chen JK, Conway EM, Harris RC. Survivin mediates renal proximal tubule recovery from AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013; 24:2023-33. [PMID: 23949800 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2013010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AKI induces the renoprotective upregulation of survivin expression in kidney epithelial cells, but the underlying mechanisms have not been identified. To determine the role of survivin in renal recovery from AKI, we generated mice with renal proximal tubule-specific deletion of survivin (survivin(ptKO)). Renal survivin expression increased substantially in response to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in control littermates but remained minimal in survivin(ptKO) mice. Functional and histologic data indicated similar degrees of renal injury in survivin(ptKO) and control mice 24 hours after reperfusion, but recovery was markedly delayed in survivin(ptKO) mice. In MCT cells, a mouse renal proximal tubule cell line, ATP depletion by antimycin A treatment upregulated survivin expression through a phospho-STAT3-dependent pathway. In wild-type mice, inhibition of STAT3 kinase diminished I/R-induced upregulation of STAT3 phosphorylation and survivin expression and delayed recovery. Furthermore, I/R injury activated Notch-2 signaling, and a γ-secretase inhibitor suppressed I/R-induced Notch-2 signaling, STAT3 phosphorylation, and survivin expression and delayed recovery. In MCT cells, inhibition of γ-secretase similarly attenuated antimycin A-induced Notch-2 activation, upregulation of survivin, and phosphorylation of STAT3, but STAT3 kinase inhibition did not prevent Notch-2 activation. Therefore, these data suggest that STAT3 phosphorylation and subsequent upregulation of survivin expression mediated by Notch-2 signaling in renal proximal tubule epithelial cells aid in the functional and structural recovery of the kidney from AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchun Chen
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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Scintigraphic comparison of renal ischemia–reperfusion injury models in rats: correlations with biochemical and histopathological findings. Ann Nucl Med 2013; 27:564-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s12149-013-0727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Kaneko T, Shimizu A, Mii A, Fujita E, Fujino T, Kunugi S, Du X, Akimoto T, Tsuruoka S, Ohashi R, Masuda Y, Iino Y, Katayama Y, Fukuda Y. Role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in recovery after tubular damage in acute kidney injury in mice. Nephron Clin Pract 2013; 122:23-35. [PMID: 23548779 DOI: 10.1159/000346569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc endopeptidases that degrade extracellular matrix and are involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic damage in acute kidney injury (AKI). In the present study, we analyzed the role of MMP-2 in the repair process in ischemic AKI. METHODS AKI was induced in MMP-2 wild-type (MMP-2(+/+)) and MMP-2-deficient (MMP-2(-/-)) mice by 90-min renal artery clamping followed by reperfusion. Renal histology and the activity and distribution of MMP-2 were examined from day 1 to day 14. During the recovery from AKI, MMP-2(+/+) mice were also treated with MMP-2/MMP-9 inhibitor. RESULTS In both MMP-2(+/+) and MMP-2(-/-) mice, AKI developed on day 1 after ischemia/reperfusion with widespread acute tubular injury, but subsequent epithelial cell proliferation was evident on days 3-7. During the repair process, active MMP-2 and MMP-9 increased in regenerating tubular epithelial cells in MMP-2(+/+) mice on days 7-14, and the tubular repair process was almost complete by day 14. On the other hand, in MMP-2(-/-) mice, less prominent proliferation of tubular epithelial cells was evident on days 3 and 7, and damaged tubules that were covered with elongated and immature regenerated epithelial cells were identified on days 7 and 14. Incomplete recovery of injured microvasculature was also noted with persistent macrophage infiltration. Similarly, treatment with MMP-2/MMP-9 inhibitor resulted in impaired recovery in MMP-2(+/+) mice. CONCLUSION MMP-2 is involved in tubular repair after AKI. The use of the MMP-2/MMP-9 inhibitor was a disadvantage when it was administered during the repair stage of ischemic AKI. Treatment with MMP inhibitor for AKI needs to be modified to enhance recovery from AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kaneko
- Division of Neurology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Angelotti ML, Ronconi E, Ballerini L, Peired A, Mazzinghi B, Sagrinati C, Parente E, Gacci M, Carini M, Rotondi M, Fogo AB, Lazzeri E, Lasagni L, Romagnani P. Characterization of renal progenitors committed toward tubular lineage and their regenerative potential in renal tubular injury. Stem Cells 2013; 30:1714-25. [PMID: 22628275 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies implicated the existence in adult human kidney of a population of renal progenitors with the potential to regenerate glomerular as well as tubular epithelial cells and characterized by coexpression of surface markers CD133 and CD24. Here, we demonstrate that CD133+CD24+ renal progenitors can be distinguished in distinct subpopulations from normal human kidneys based on the surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, also known as CD106. CD133+CD24+CD106+ cells were localized at the urinary pole of Bowman's capsule, while a distinct population of scattered CD133+CD24+CD106- cells was localized in the proximal tubule as well as in the distal convoluted tubule. CD133+CD24+CD106+ cells exhibited a high proliferative rate and could differentiate toward the podocyte as well as the tubular lineage. By contrast, CD133+CD24+CD106- cells showed a lower proliferative capacity and displayed a committed phenotype toward the tubular lineage. Both CD133+CD24+CD106+ and CD133+CD24+CD106- cells showed higher resistance to injurious agents in comparison to all other differentiated cells of the kidney. Once injected in SCID mice affected by acute tubular injury, both of these populations displayed the capacity to engraft within the kidney, generate novel tubular cells, and improve renal function. These properties were not shared by other tubular cells of the adult kidney. Finally, CD133+CD24+CD106- cells proliferated upon tubular injury, becoming the predominating part of the regenerating epithelium in patients with acute or chronic tubular damage. These data suggest that CD133+CD24+CD106- cells represent tubular-committed progenitors that display resistance to apoptotic stimuli and exert regenerative potential for injured tubular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lucia Angelotti
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Caine ST, Mclaughlin KA. Regeneration of functional pronephric proximal tubules after partial nephrectomy in Xenopus laevis. Dev Dyn 2013; 242:219-29. [PMID: 23233460 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the renal system is critical for maintaining homeostatic equilibrium within the body, it is also susceptible to various kinds of damage. Tubule dysfunction in particular contributes to acute renal injury and chronic kidney disease in millions of patients worldwide. Because current treatments are highly invasive and often unavailable, gaining a better understanding of the regenerative capacity of renal structures is vital. Although the effects of various types of acute damage have been previously studied, the ability of the excretory system to repair itself after dramatic tissue loss due to mechanical damage is less well characterized. RESULTS A novel unilateral nephrectomy technique was developed to excise pronephric proximal tubules from Xenopus laevis tadpoles to study tubule repair after injury. Immunohistochemical detection of protein expression and renal uptake assays demonstrated that X. laevis larvae have the capacity to regenerate functional proximal tubules following resection. CONCLUSIONS We have validated the renal identity of the restored tubules and demonstrated their ability to functional normally providing the first evidence of regeneration of renal tissue in an amphibian system. Importantly, this tubule restoration occurs by means of a process involving an early apoptotic event and the biphasic expression of the matrix metalloproteinase, Xmmp-9.
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Human renal stem/progenitor cells repair tubular epithelial cell injury through TLR2-driven inhibin-A and microvesicle-shuttled decorin. Kidney Int 2013; 83:392-403. [PMID: 23325086 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2012.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is emerging as a worldwide public health problem. Recent studies have focused on the possibility of using human adult renal stem/progenitor cells (ARPCs) to improve the repair of AKI. Here we studied the influence of ARPCs on the healing of cisplatin-injured renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Tubular, but not glomerular, ARPCs provided a protective effect promoting proliferation of surviving tubular cells and inhibiting cisplatin-induced apoptosis. The recovery effect was specific to tubular ARPCs, occurred only after damage sensing, and was completely cancelled by TLR2 blockade on tubular ARPCs. Moreover, tubular, but not glomerular, ARPCs were resistant to the apoptotic effect of cisplatin. Tubular ARPCs operate mainly through the engagement of TLR2, the secretion of inhibin-A protein, and microvesicle-shuttled decorin, inhibin-A, and cyclin D1 mRNAs. These factors worked synergistically and were essential to the repair process. The involvement of tubular ARPC-secreted inhibin-A and decorin mRNA in the pathophysiology of AKI was also confirmed in transplant patients affected by delayed graft function. Hence, identification of this TLR2-driven recovery mechanism may shed light on new therapeutic strategies to promote the recovery capacity of the kidney in acute tubular damage. Use of these components, derived from ARPCs, avoids injecting stem cells.
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Fujikura T, Togawa A, Sun Y, Iwakura T, Yasuda H, Fujigaki Y. Dephosphorylated Ser985 of c-Met is associated with acquired resistance to rechallenge injury in rats that had recovered from uranyl acetate-induced subclinical renal damage. Clin Exp Nephrol 2012; 17:504-14. [PMID: 23250664 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-012-0757-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that rats that had recovered from mild proximal tubule (PT) injury induced by a sub-toxic dose of uranyl acetate (UA) showed partial resistance to a subsequent nephrotoxic dose of UA in association with reduced renal dysfunction and accelerated PT proliferation. We demonstrated that this resistance may involve hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met signaling. Here, we examined whether primary cultured tubular cells derived from this model had acquired sensitivity to HGF. METHODS Tubular cells were isolated by collagenase digestion from rat kidneys after recovery from UA-induced mild PT injury and were cultured for 48 h. Their survival and proliferation were examined using the MTS assay/5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling or MTS assay, respectively, and their migration was assayed using wound-healing and cell scattering assays, with/without HGF. HGF/c-Met signaling was assayed using phospho-specific antibodies. RESULTS HGF-stimulated cultured tubular cells from UA-treated rats showed better survival after UA exposure and higher proliferation and migration than cells from vehicle-treated rats. Furthermore, HGF induced higher phosphorylation of c-Met (Tyr1234/1235) and of its major downstream signals (AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2) with maintained dephosphorylation of Ser985 as a negative regulator of HGF/c-Met signaling in the tubular cells of UA-treated rats compared to those of vehicle-treated rats. Immunohistochemically, dephosphorylated Ser985 was confirmed in PT cells in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that elevated sensitivity to HGF, via dephosphorylated Ser985 of c-Met of tubular cells that had recovered from mild tubular injury, may be associated with cytoprotection, accelerated proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Fujikura
- Internal Medicine 1, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashiku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
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Features and full reversibility of the renal toxicity of the ruthenium-based drug NAMI-A in mice. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 118:21-7. [PMID: 23123335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ruthenium-based compound imidazolium trans-imidazoledimethylsulfoxide-tetrachlororuthenate (NAMI-A) is free of cytotoxicity up to 1mM concentration after 1h in vitro exposure of the LLC-PK1 renal tubule cells. In vivo, one cycle of i.p. administrations of 35 mg/kg/day NAMI-A (1 cycle=6 consecutive days), is free of a measurable toxicity on mouse kidneys. After two cycles with a one-week drug-free washout between cycles, mitochondrial membrane potential of the renal cells drops by 37% (p<0.05), serum creatinine increases by 30% (p<0.05) and a significant decrease of body weight of 12% (p<0.05) occurs. These parameters return to normal within 7 days after the end of treatment. A cycle-dependent alteration of glomeruli and a diffused swelling of renal tubules are also evident leading to a significant alteration of these structures after the third cycle. These effects are completely prevented if a 2-week drug free washout is used between two consecutive cycles. These data support the toxic accumulation of NAMI-A or of its products of transformation in the kidneys and stress the need of at least 14 days washout between two treatment cycles when the drug is given daily for 6 consecutive days.
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Wen D, Ni L, You L, Zhang L, Gu Y, Hao CM, Chen J. Upregulation of nestin in proximal tubules may participate in cell migration during renal repair. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2012; 303:F1534-44. [PMID: 22993065 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00083.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The characteristics of renal tubular progenitor/precursor cells and the role of renal tubule regeneration in the repair of remnant kidneys (RKs) after nephrectomy are not well known. In the present study of a murine model of subtotal nephrectomy, we used immunofluorescence (IF), immunoblot analysis, and in situ hybridization methods to demonstrate that nestin expression was transiently upregulated in tubule cells near the incision edges of RKs. The nestin-positive tubules were immature proximal tubules that colabeled with lotus tetragonolobus agglutinin but not with markers of mature tubules (aquaporin-1, Tamm-Horsfall protein, and aquaporin-2). In addition, many of the nestin-expressing tubule cells were actively proliferative cells, as indicated by colabeling with bromodeoxyuridine. Double-label IF and immunoblot analysis also showed that the upregulation of tubular nestin was associated with enhanced transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression in the incision edge of RKs but not α-smooth muscle actin, which is a marker of fibrosis. In cultured human kidney proximal tubule cells (HKC), immunoblot analysis indicated that TGF-β1 induced nestin expression and loss of E-cadherin expression, suggesting an association of nestin expression and cellular dedifferentiation. Knockdown of nestin expression by a short hairpin RNA-containing plasmid led to decreased migration of HKC cells that were induced by TGF-β1. Taken together, our results suggest that the tubule repair that occurs during the recovery process following nephrectomy may involve TGF-β1-induced nestin expression in immature renal proximal tubule cells and the promotion of renal cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Wen
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan Univ., Shanghai, China
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Chen J, Chen JK, Harris RC. Deletion of the epidermal growth factor receptor in renal proximal tubule epithelial cells delays recovery from acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2012; 82:45-52. [PMID: 22418982 PMCID: PMC3376190 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2012.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To determine the role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation in renal functional and structural recovery from acute kidney injury (AKI), we generated mice with a specific EGFR deletion in the renal proximal tubule (EGFR(ptKO)). Ischemia-reperfusion injury markedly activated EGFR in control littermate mice; however, this was inhibited in either the knockout or wild-type mice given erlotinib, a specific EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine increased to a comparable level in EGFR(ptKO) and control mice 24 h after reperfusion, but the subsequent rate of renal function recovery was markedly slowed in the knockout mice. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, both the knockout and the inhibitor-treated mice had a similar degree of histologic renal injury as control mice, but at day 6 there was minimal evidence of injury in the control mice while both EGFR(ptKO) and erlotinib-treated mice still had persistent proximal tubule dilation, epithelial simplification, and cast formation. Additionally, renal cell proliferation was delayed due to decreased ERK and Akt signaling. Thus, our studies provide both genetic and pharmacologic evidence that proximal tubule EGFR activation plays an important role in the recovery phase after acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchun Chen
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
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Ripoll È, Nacher V, Vidal A, Herrero E, Bolaños N, Torras J, Grinyó JM, Ruberte J, Herrero-Fresneda I. Cold ischaemia, innate immunity and deterioration of the glomerular filtration barrier in antibody-mediated acute rejection. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27:3296-305. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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48
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A critical evaluation of in vitro cell culture models for high-throughput drug screening and toxicity. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 134:82-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the leading cause of nephrology consultation and is associated with high mortality rates. The primary causes of AKI include ischemia, hypoxia, or nephrotoxicity. An underlying feature is a rapid decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) usually associated with decreases in renal blood flow. Inflammation represents an important additional component of AKI leading to the extension phase of injury, which may be associated with insensitivity to vasodilator therapy. It is suggested that targeting the extension phase represents an area potential of treatment with the greatest possible impact. The underlying basis of renal injury appears to be impaired energetics of the highly metabolically active nephron segments (i.e., proximal tubules and thick ascending limb) in the renal outer medulla, which can trigger conversion from transient hypoxia to intrinsic renal failure. Injury to kidney cells can be lethal or sublethal. Sublethal injury represents an important component in AKI, as it may profoundly influence GFR and renal blood flow. The nature of the recovery response is mediated by the degree to which sublethal cells can restore normal function and promote regeneration. The successful recovery from AKI depends on the degree to which these repair processes ensue and these may be compromised in elderly or chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Recent data suggest that AKI represents a potential link to CKD in surviving patients. Finally, earlier diagnosis of AKI represents an important area in treating patients with AKI that has spawned increased awareness of the potential that biomarkers of AKI may play in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Basile
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
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Basile DP, Leonard EC, Beal AG, Schleuter D, Friedrich J. Persistent oxidative stress following renal ischemia-reperfusion injury increases ANG II hemodynamic and fibrotic activity. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2012; 302:F1494-502. [PMID: 22442209 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00691.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
ANG II is a potent renal vasoconstrictor and profibrotic factor and its activity is enhanced by oxidative stress. We sought to determine whether renal oxidative stress was persistent following recovery from acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and whether this resulted in increased ANG II sensitivity. Rats were allowed to recover from bilateral renal I/R injury for 5 wk and renal blood flow responses were measured. Post-AKI rats showed significantly enhanced renal vasoconstrictor responses to ANG II relative to sham-operated controls and treatment of AKI rats with apocynin (15 mM, in the drinking water) normalized these responses. Recovery from AKI for 5 wk resulted in sustained oxidant stress as indicated by increased dihydroethidium incorporation in renal tissue slices and was normalized in apocynin-treated rats. Surprisingly, the renal mRNA expression for common NADPH oxidase subunits was not altered in kidneys following recovery from AKI; however, mRNA screening using PCR arrays suggested that post-AKI rats had decreased renal Gpx3 mRNA and an increased expression other prooxidant genes such as lactoperoxidase, myeloperoxidase, and dual oxidase-1. When rats were infused for 7 days with ANG II (100 ng·kg(-1)·min(-1)), renal fibrosis was not apparent in sham-operated control rats, but it was enhanced in post-AKI rats. The profibrotic response was significantly attenuated in rats treated with apocynin. These data suggest that there is sustained renal oxidant stress following recovery from AKI that alters both renal hemodynamic and fibrotic responses to ANG II, and may contribute to the transition to chronic kidney disease following AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Basile
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University,635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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