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Zhou W, Zhang Q, Chen J, Gan J, Li Y, Zou J. Angiopoietin-4 expression and potential mechanisms in carcinogenesis: Current achievements and perspectives. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:224. [PMID: 39294405 PMCID: PMC11410924 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
As one of the factors regulating tumour angiogenesis, angiopoietin-4 (ANGPT4), which plays an important role in promoting tumour proliferation, survival, expansion and angiogenesis, is highly expressed in some tumours, such as lung adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma and ovarian cancer. This may be related to the fact that ANGPT4 affects the blood vessels and lymphatic system of the tumour. Specifically, ANGPT4 could play an effective role in promoting cancer by affecting the tyrosine kinase receptor TIE2, ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT signalling pathways. Therefore, ANGPT4 may be an important biomarker for the occurrence and development of cancer and poor prognosis. In addition, the inhibition of ANGPT4 may be a useful cancer treatment. This paper reviews the latest preclinical research on ANGPT4, emphasizes its role in tumourigenesis and broadens our understanding of the carcinogenic function of ANGPT4 and the development of ANGPT4 inhibitors. This is the latest version of the revised version of the previous article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhou
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Xiangya Hospital Zhuzhou Central South University, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gynecology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Qunfeng Zhang
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Xiangya Hospital Zhuzhou Central South University, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gynecology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Junling Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gynecology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jinpeng Gan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gynecology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yukun Li
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Xiangya Hospital Zhuzhou Central South University, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.
| | - Juan Zou
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Xiangya Hospital Zhuzhou Central South University, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gynecology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
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Meder L, Orschel CI, Otto CJ, Koker M, Brägelmann J, Ercanoglu MS, Dähling S, Compes A, Selenz C, Nill M, Dietlein F, Florin A, Eich ML, Borchmann S, Odenthal M, Blazquez R, Hilberg F, Klein F, Hallek M, Büttner R, Reinhardt HC, Ullrich RT. Blocking the angiopoietin-2-dependent integrin β-1 signaling axis abrogates small cell lung cancer invasion and metastasis. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e166402. [PMID: 38775153 PMCID: PMC11141935 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.166402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive lung cancer entity with an extremely limited therapeutic outcome. Most patients are diagnosed at an extensive stage. However, the molecular mechanisms driving SCLC invasion and metastasis remain largely elusive. We used an autochthonous SCLC mouse model and matched samples from patients with primary and metastatic SCLC to investigate the molecular characteristics of tumor metastasis. We demonstrate that tumor cell invasion and liver metastasis in SCLC are triggered by an Angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2)/Integrin β-1-dependent pathway in tumor cells, mediated by focal adhesion kinase/Src kinase signaling. Strikingly, CRISPR-Cas9 KO of Integrin β-1 or blocking Integrin β-1 signaling by an anti-ANG-2 treatment abrogates liver metastasis formation in vivo. Interestingly, analysis of a unique collection of matched samples from patients with primary and metastatic SCLC confirmed a strong increase of Integrin β-1 in liver metastasis in comparison with the primary tumor. We further show that ANG-2 blockade combined with PD-1-targeted by anti-PD-1 treatment displays synergistic treatment effects in SCLC. Together, our data demonstrate a fundamental role of ANG-2/Integrin β-1 signaling in SCLC cells for tumor cell invasion and liver metastasis and provide a potentially new effective treatment strategy for patients with SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Meder
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Erlangen, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology and
| | - Charlotte Isabelle Orschel
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology and
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Julius Otto
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology and
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mirjam Koker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Brägelmann
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology and
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics and
| | - Meryem S. Ercanoglu
- Institute of Virology, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sabrina Dähling
- Institute of Virology, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anik Compes
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology and
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolin Selenz
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marieke Nill
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Dietlein
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Faber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexandra Florin
- Institute for Pathology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marie-Lisa Eich
- Institute for Pathology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sven Borchmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Else Kröner Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Hodgkin Study Group, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Pathology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Raquel Blazquez
- University Hospital Regensburg, Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Frank Hilberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Klein
- Institute of Virology, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Pathology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - H. Christian Reinhardt
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Essen, Germany
| | - Roland T. Ullrich
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology and
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Klein C, Brinkmann U, Reichert JM, Kontermann RE. The present and future of bispecific antibodies for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024; 23:301-319. [PMID: 38448606 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-024-00896-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) enable novel mechanisms of action and/or therapeutic applications that cannot be achieved using conventional IgG-based antibodies. Consequently, development of these molecules has garnered substantial interest in the past decade and, as of the end of 2023, 14 bsAbs have been approved: 11 for the treatment of cancer and 3 for non-oncology indications. bsAbs are available in different formats, address different targets and mediate anticancer function via different molecular mechanisms. Here, we provide an overview of recent developments in the field of bsAbs for cancer therapy. We focus on bsAbs that are approved or in clinical development, including bsAb-mediated dual modulators of signalling pathways, tumour-targeted receptor agonists, bsAb-drug conjugates, bispecific T cell, natural killer cell and innate immune cell engagers, and bispecific checkpoint inhibitors and co-stimulators. Finally, we provide an outlook into next-generation bsAbs in earlier stages of development, including trispecifics, bsAb prodrugs, bsAbs that induce degradation of tumour targets and bsAbs acting as cytokine mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Klein
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.
| | - Ulrich Brinkmann
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | | | - Roland E Kontermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Mullin M, McClory J, Haynes W, Grace J, Robertson N, van Heeke G. Applications and challenges in designing VHH-based bispecific antibodies: leveraging machine learning solutions. MAbs 2024; 16:2341443. [PMID: 38666503 PMCID: PMC11057648 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2024.2341443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of bispecific antibodies that bind at least two different targets relies on bringing together multiple binding domains with different binding properties and biophysical characteristics to produce a drug-like therapeutic. These building blocks play an important role in the overall quality of the molecule and can influence many important aspects from potency and specificity to stability and half-life. Single-domain antibodies, particularly camelid-derived variable heavy domain of heavy chain (VHH) antibodies, are becoming an increasingly popular choice for bispecific construction due to their single-domain modularity, favorable biophysical properties, and potential to work in multiple antibody formats. Here, we review the use of VHH domains as building blocks in the construction of multispecific antibodies and the challenges in creating optimized molecules. In addition to exploring traditional approaches to VHH development, we review the integration of machine learning techniques at various stages of the process. Specifically, the utilization of machine learning for structural prediction, lead identification, lead optimization, and humanization of VHH antibodies.
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