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Gewalt T, Diehl L, Meder L. Editorial: Tumor and immune cell interactions in the formation of organ-specific metastasis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1373308. [PMID: 38444685 PMCID: PMC10914249 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1373308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tabea Gewalt
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Linda Diehl
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center of Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Medical Faculty, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Malchers F, Nogova L, van Attekum MH, Maas L, Brägelmann J, Bartenhagen C, Girard L, Bosco G, Dahmen I, Michels S, Weeden CE, Scheel AH, Meder L, Golfmann K, Schuldt P, Siemanowski J, Rehker J, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Menon R, Gautschi O, Heuckmann JM, Brambilla E, Asselin-Labat ML, Persigehl T, Minna JD, Walczak H, Ullrich RT, Fischer M, Reinhardt HC, Wolf J, Büttner R, Peifer M, George J, Thomas RK. Somatic rearrangements causing oncogenic ectodomain deletions of FGFR1 in squamous cell lung cancer. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170217. [PMID: 37606995 PMCID: PMC10617767 DOI: 10.1172/jci170217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of frequent 8p11-p12 amplifications in squamous cell lung cancer (SQLC) has fueled hopes that FGFR1, located inside this amplicon, might be a therapeutic target. In a clinical trial, only 11% of patients with 8p11 amplification (detected by FISH) responded to FGFR kinase inhibitor treatment. To understand the mechanism of FGFR1 dependency, we performed deep genomic characterization of 52 SQLCs with 8p11-p12 amplification, including 10 tumors obtained from patients who had been treated with FGFR inhibitors. We discovered somatically altered variants of FGFR1 with deletion of exons 1-8 that resulted from intragenic tail-to-tail rearrangements. These ectodomain-deficient FGFR1 variants (ΔEC-FGFR1) were expressed in the affected tumors and were tumorigenic in both in vitro and in vivo models of lung cancer. Mechanistically, breakage-fusion-bridges were the source of 8p11-p12 amplification, resulting from frequent head-to-head and tail-to-tail rearrangements. Generally, tail-to-tail rearrangements within or in close proximity upstream of FGFR1 were associated with FGFR1 dependency. Thus, the genomic events shaping the architecture of the 8p11-p12 amplicon provide a mechanistic explanation for the emergence of FGFR1-driven SQLC. Specifically, we believe that FGFR1 ectodomain-deficient and FGFR1-centered amplifications caused by tail-to-tail rearrangements are a novel somatic genomic event that might be predictive of therapeutically relevant FGFR1 dependency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Malchers
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Cologne, Germany Germany
| | - Lucia Nogova
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn, Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martijn H.A. van Attekum
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Cologne, Germany Germany
| | - Lukas Maas
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Cologne, Germany Germany
| | - Johannes Brägelmann
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Cologne, Germany Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology, Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Pathology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Bartenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children’s Hospital of Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Luc Girard
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Graziella Bosco
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Cologne, Germany Germany
| | - Ilona Dahmen
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Cologne, Germany Germany
| | - Sebastian Michels
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn, Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clare E. Weeden
- Personalized Oncology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Andreas H. Scheel
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Pathology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn, Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Pathology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kristina Golfmann
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn, Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Schuldt
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn, Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janna Siemanowski
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Pathology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rehker
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Pathology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sabine Merkelbach-Bruse
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Pathology, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Gautschi
- University of Berne and Cantonal Hospital of Lucerne, Cantonal Hospital of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Marie-Liesse Asselin-Labat
- Personalized Oncology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Thorsten Persigehl
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - John D. Minna
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Henning Walczak
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roland T. Ullrich
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn, Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children’s Hospital of Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Reinhardt
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wolf
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn, Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Pathology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Peifer
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Cologne, Germany Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Julie George
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Cologne, Germany Germany
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman K. Thomas
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Cologne, Germany Germany
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Pathology, Cologne, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Thomalla D, Beckmann L, Grimm C, Oliverio M, Meder L, Herling C, Nieper P, Feldmann T, Merkel O, Lorsy E, da Palma Guerreiro A, von Jan J, Kisis I, Wasserburger E, Claasen J, Faitschuk-Meyer E, Altmüller J, Nürnberg P, Yang TP, Lienhard M, Herwig R, Kreuzer KA, Pallasch C, Büttner R, Schäfer S, Hartley J, Abken H, Peifer M, Kashkar H, Knittel G, Eichhorst B, Ullrich R, Herling M, Reinhardt H, Hallek M, Schweiger M, Frenzel L. Deregulation and epigenetic modification of BCL2-family genes cause resistance to venetoclax in hematologic malignancies. Blood 2022; 140:2113-2126. [PMID: 35704690 PMCID: PMC10653032 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021014304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax has been approved to treat different hematological malignancies. Because there is no common genetic alteration causing resistance to venetoclax in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and B-cell lymphoma, we asked if epigenetic events might be involved in venetoclax resistance. Therefore, we employed whole-exome sequencing, methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, and genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 screening to investigate venetoclax resistance in aggressive lymphoma and high-risk CLL patients. We identified a regulatory CpG island within the PUMA promoter that is methylated upon venetoclax treatment, mediating PUMA downregulation on transcript and protein level. PUMA expression and sensitivity toward venetoclax can be restored by inhibition of methyltransferases. We can demonstrate that loss of PUMA results in metabolic reprogramming with higher oxidative phosphorylation and adenosine triphosphate production, resembling the metabolic phenotype that is seen upon venetoclax resistance. Although PUMA loss is specific for acquired venetoclax resistance but not for acquired MCL1 resistance and is not seen in CLL patients after chemotherapy-resistance, BAX is essential for sensitivity toward both venetoclax and MCL1 inhibition. As we found loss of BAX in Richter's syndrome patients after venetoclax failure, we defined BAX-mediated apoptosis to be critical for drug resistance but not for disease progression of CLL into aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in vivo. A compound screen revealed TRAIL-mediated apoptosis as a target to overcome BAX deficiency. Furthermore, antibody or CAR T cells eliminated venetoclax resistant lymphoma cells, paving a clinically applicable way to overcome venetoclax resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/pharmacology
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/therapeutic use
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Hematologic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Hematologic Neoplasms/genetics
- Epigenesis, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Thomalla
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - L. Beckmann
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - C. Grimm
- Institute for Translational Epigenetics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M. Oliverio
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - L. Meder
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - C.D. Herling
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Clinic of Hematology, Cellular Therapy and Hemostaseology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P. Nieper
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - T. Feldmann
- Institute for Translational Epigenetics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - O. Merkel
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - E. Lorsy
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - A. da Palma Guerreiro
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - J. von Jan
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - I. Kisis
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - E. Wasserburger
- Institute for Translational Epigenetics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - J. Claasen
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - J. Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - P. Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - T.-P. Yang
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, Department of Translational Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M. Lienhard
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Herwig
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - K.-A. Kreuzer
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - C.P. Pallasch
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - R. Büttner
- Department of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - S.C. Schäfer
- Department of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institut für Pathologie im Medizin Campus Bodensee, Friedrichshafen, Germany
| | - J. Hartley
- RCI, Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology, University Hospital of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - H. Abken
- RCI, Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology, University Hospital of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - M. Peifer
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, Department of Translational Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - H. Kashkar
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Immunologie, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - G. Knittel
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK Partner Site Essen), Essen, Germany
| | - B. Eichhorst
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - R.T. Ullrich
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M. Herling
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Clinic of Hematology, Cellular Therapy and Hemostaseology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - H.C. Reinhardt
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK Partner Site Essen), Essen, Germany
| | - M. Hallek
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M.R. Schweiger
- Institute for Translational Epigenetics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - L.P. Frenzel
- Faculty of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Borchmann S, Selenz C, Lohmann M, Ludwig H, Gassa A, Brägelmann J, Lohneis P, Meder L, Mattlener J, Breid S, Nill M, Fassunke J, Wisdom AJ, Compes A, Gathof B, Alakus H, Kirsch D, Hekmat K, Büttner R, Reinhardt HC, Hallek M, Ullrich RT. Tripartite antigen-agnostic combination immunotherapy cures established poorly immunogenic tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-004781. [PMID: 36223955 PMCID: PMC9562723 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Single-agent immunotherapy has shown remarkable efficacy in selected cancer entities and individual patients. However, most patients fail to respond. This is likely due to diverse immunosuppressive mechanisms acting in a concerted way to suppress the host anti-tumor immune response. Combination immunotherapy approaches that are effective in such poorly immunogenic tumors mostly rely on precise knowledge of antigenic determinants on tumor cells. Creating an antigen-agnostic combination immunotherapy that is effective in poorly immunogenic tumors for which an antigenic determinant is not known is a major challenge. Methods We use multiple cell line and poorly immunogenic syngeneic, autochthonous, and autologous mouse models to evaluate the efficacy of a novel combination immunotherapy named tripartite immunotherapy (TRI-IT). To elucidate TRI-ITs mechanism of action we use immune cell depletions and comprehensive tumor and immune infiltrate characterization by flow cytometry, RNA sequencing and diverse functional assays. Results We show that combined adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) with lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytokine-induced killer cells, Vγ9Vδ2-T-cells (γδ-T-cells) and T-cells enriched for tumor recognition (CTLs) display synergistic antitumor effects, which are further enhanced by cotreatment with anti-PD1 antibodies. Most strikingly, the full TRI-IT protocol, a combination of this ACT with anti-PD1 antibodies, local immunotherapy of agonists against toll-like receptor 3, 7 and 9 and pre-ACT lymphodepletion, eradicates and induces durable anti-tumor immunity in a variety of poorly immunogenic syngeneic, autochthonous, as well as autologous humanized patient-derived models. Mechanistically, we show that TRI-IT coactivates adaptive cellular and humoral, as well as innate antitumor immune responses to mediate its antitumor effect without inducing off-target toxicity. Conclusions Overall, TRI-IT is a novel, highly effective, antigen-agnostic, non-toxic combination immunotherapy. In this study, comprehensive insights into its preclinical efficacy, even in poorly immunogenic tumors, and mode of action are given, so that translation into clinical trials is the next step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Borchmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolin Selenz
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mia Lohmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hanna Ludwig
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Asmae Gassa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Brägelmann
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Lohneis
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Mattlener
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sara Breid
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marieke Nill
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jana Fassunke
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Amy J. Wisdom
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anik Compes
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Birgit Gathof
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hakan Alakus
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Khosro Hekmat
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - H. Christian Reinhardt
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK partner site Essen), Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roland T. Ullrich
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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5
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Hoppe S, Meder L, Gebauer F, Ullrich RT, Zander T, Hillmer AM, Buettner R, Plum P, Puppe J, Malter W, Quaas A. Trophoblast Cell Surface Antigen 2 (TROP2) as a Predictive Bio-Marker for the Therapeutic Efficacy of Sacituzumab Govitecan in Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194789. [PMID: 36230712 PMCID: PMC9562858 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is expressed in many carcinomas and may represent a target for treatment. Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is a TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Nearly nothing is known about the biological effectiveness of SG in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). MATERIAL AND METHODS We determined the TROP2 expression in nearly 600 human EAC. In addition, we used the EAC cell lines (ESO-26, OACM5.1C, and FLO-1) and a xenograft mouse model to investigate this relationship. RESULTS Of 598 human EACs analyzed, 88% showed varying degrees of TROP2 positivity. High TROP2 positive ESO-26 and low TROP2 positive OACM5.1C showed high sensitivity to SG in contrast to negative FLO-1. In vivo, the ESO-26 tumor shows a significantly better response to SG than the TROP2-negative FLO-1 tumor. ESO-26 vital tumor cells show similar TROP2 expression on all carcinoma cells as before therapy initiation, FLO-1 is persistently negative. DISCUSSION Our data suggest that sacituzumab govitecan is a new therapy option in esophageal adenocarcinoma and the TROP2 expression in irinotecan-naïve EAC correlates with the extent of treatment response by sacituzumab govitecan. TROP2 is emerging as a predictive biomarker in completely TROP2-negative tumors. This should be considered in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Hoppe
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Internal Medicine, Oncology Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Florian Gebauer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Roland T. Ullrich
- Internal Medicine, Oncology Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Thomas Zander
- Internal Medicine, Oncology Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Axel M. Hillmer
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Patrick Plum
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Julian Puppe
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Wolfram Malter
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-0221-478-5257; Fax: +49-0221-478-6360
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6
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Yu X, Eischeid-Scholz H, Meder L, Kondylis V, Büttner R, Odenthal M. SQSTM1/p62 promotes miR-198 loading into extracellular vesicles and its autophagy-related secretion. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1766-1784. [PMID: 36050615 PMCID: PMC9515045 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA dysregulation is a hallmark of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), leading to tumor growth and metastasis. Previous screening on patient specimens identified miR-198 as the most downregulated miRNA in HCC. Here, we show that miR-198 compensation leads to self-release into extracellular vesicles (EVs). Importantly, the vesicular secretion is mediated by autophagy-related pathway, initiated by sequestration of p62/miR-198 complexes in autophagosome-associated vesicle fractions. miR-198 is selectively recognized and loaded by p62 into autophagosomal fractions, whereas mutated miR-198 forms neither induce autophagy and nor interact with p62. Gain and loss of function experiments, using a CRIPR/Cas knockout (KO) and transgenic site-specific p62 mutants, identified p62 as an essential repressor of cellular miR-198 abundancy. Notably, EVs, harboring miR-198/p62 protein complexes, can be uptaken by cells in the close vicinity, leading to change of gene expression in recipient cells. In conclusion, miR-198 enhances autophagy; conversely autophagic protein p62 reduces the miR-198 levels by sorting into extracellular space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Yu
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Pathology and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Hannah Eischeid-Scholz
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Pathology and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vangelis Kondylis
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Pathology and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster On Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Pathology and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Center of Integrative Oncology and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Pathology and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, Center of Integrative Oncology and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany.
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7
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Brägelmann J, Lorenz C, Borchmann S, Nishii K, Wegner J, Meder L, Ostendorp J, Ast DF, Heimsoeth A, Nakasuka T, Hirabae A, Okawa S, Dammert MA, Plenker D, Klein S, Lohneis P, Gu J, Godfrey LK, Forster J, Trajkovic-Arsic M, Zillinger T, Haarmann M, Quaas A, Lennartz S, Schmiel M, D'Rozario J, Thomas ES, Li H, Schmitt CA, George J, Thomas RK, von Karstedt S, Hartmann G, Büttner R, Ullrich RT, Siveke JT, Ohashi K, Schlee M, Sos ML. MAPK-pathway inhibition mediates inflammatory reprogramming and sensitizes tumors to targeted activation of innate immunity sensor RIG-I. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5505. [PMID: 34535668 PMCID: PMC8448826 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinase inhibitors suppress the growth of oncogene driven cancer but also enforce the selection of treatment resistant cells that are thought to promote tumor relapse in patients. Here, we report transcriptomic and functional genomics analyses of cells and tumors within their microenvironment across different genotypes that persist during kinase inhibitor treatment. We uncover a conserved, MAPK/IRF1-mediated inflammatory response in tumors that undergo stemness- and senescence-associated reprogramming. In these tumor cells, activation of the innate immunity sensor RIG-I via its agonist IVT4, triggers an interferon and a pro-apoptotic response that synergize with concomitant kinase inhibition. In humanized lung cancer xenografts and a syngeneic Egfr-driven lung cancer model these effects translate into reduction of exhausted CD8+ T cells and robust tumor shrinkage. Overall, the mechanistic understanding of MAPK/IRF1-mediated intratumoral reprogramming may ultimately prolong the efficacy of targeted drugs in genetically defined cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Brägelmann
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Carina Lorenz
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sven Borchmann
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Else-Kröner-Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kazuya Nishii
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Julia Wegner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jenny Ostendorp
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - David F Ast
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alena Heimsoeth
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Takamasa Nakasuka
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsuko Hirabae
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sachi Okawa
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Marcel A Dammert
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis Plenker
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
- Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Sebastian Klein
- Else-Kröner-Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Lohneis
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jianing Gu
- Institute for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura K Godfrey
- Institute for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Forster
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- Genome Informatics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marija Trajkovic-Arsic
- Institute for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mareike Haarmann
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefanie Lennartz
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcel Schmiel
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joshua D'Rozario
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Emily S Thomas
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Henry Li
- Crown Bioscience, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Clemens A Schmitt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - University Medical Center, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Julie George
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman K Thomas
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia von Karstedt
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roland T Ullrich
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens T Siveke
- Institute for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kadoaki Ohashi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Martin Schlee
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin L Sos
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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8
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Kanne J, Hussong M, Isensee J, Muñoz-López Á, Wolffgramm J, Heß F, Grimm C, Bessonov S, Meder L, Wang J, Reinhardt HC, Odenthal M, Hucho T, Büttner R, Summerer D, Schweiger MR. Pericentromeric Satellite III transcripts induce etoposide resistance. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:530. [PMID: 34031359 PMCID: PMC8144429 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03810-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNA from pericentromeric satellite repeats are involved in stress-dependent splicing processes, maintenance of heterochromatin, and are required to protect genome stability. Here we show that the long non-coding satellite III RNA (SatIII) generates resistance against the topoisomerase IIa (TOP2A) inhibitor etoposide in lung cancer. Because heat shock conditions (HS) protect cells against the toxicity of etoposide, and SatIII is significantly induced under HS, we hypothesized that the protective effect could be traced back to SatIII. Using genome methylation profiles of patient-derived xenograft mouse models we show that the epigenetic modification of the SatIII DNA locus and the resulting SatIII expression predict chemotherapy resistance. In response to stress, SatIII recruits TOP2A to nuclear stress bodies, which protects TOP2A from a complex formation with etoposide and results in decreased DNA damage after treatment. We show that BRD4 inhibitors reduce the expression of SatIII, restoring etoposide sensitivity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Cycle Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Centromere/genetics
- Centromere/metabolism
- DNA Methylation/physiology
- DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/drug effects
- DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/genetics
- DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Etoposide/therapeutic use
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- HEK293 Cells
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/drug effects
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/genetics
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/physiology
- Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kanne
- Institute for Translational Epigenetics, University Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michelle Hussong
- Institute for Translational Epigenetics, University Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörg Isensee
- Translational Pain Research, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Álvaro Muñoz-López
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan Wolffgramm
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Felix Heß
- Institute for Translational Epigenetics, University Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Rheinische Fachhochschule Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christina Grimm
- Institute for Translational Epigenetics, University Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sergey Bessonov
- Institute for Translational Epigenetics, University Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jie Wang
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - H Christian Reinhardt
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK partner site Essen), Essen, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tim Hucho
- Translational Pain Research, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Summerer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michal R Schweiger
- Institute for Translational Epigenetics, University Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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9
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Volz C, Breid S, Selenz C, Zaplatina A, Golfmann K, Meder L, Dietlein F, Borchmann S, Chatterjee S, Siobal M, Schöttle J, Florin A, Koker M, Nill M, Ozretić L, Uhlenbrock N, Smith S, Büttner R, Miao H, Wang B, Reinhardt HC, Rauh D, Hallek M, Acker-Palmer A, Heukamp LC, Ullrich RT. Inhibition of Tumor VEGFR2 Induces Serine 897 EphA2-Dependent Tumor Cell Invasion and Metastasis in NSCLC. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107568. [PMID: 32348765 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic treatment targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-VEGFR2 signaling has shown limited efficacy in lung cancer patients. Here, we demonstrate that inhibition of VEGFR2 in tumor cells, expressed in ∼20% of non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, leads to a pro-invasive phenotype. Drug-induced inhibition of tumor VEGFR2 interferes with the formation of the EphA2/VEGFR2 heterocomplex, thereby allowing RSK to interact with Serine 897 of EphA2. Inhibition of RSK decreases phosphorylation of Serine 897 EphA2. Selective genetic modeling of Serine 897 of EphA2 or inhibition of EphA2 abrogates the formation of metastases in vivo upon VEGFR2 inhibition. In summary, these findings demonstrate that VEGFR2-targeted therapy conditions VEGFR2-positive NSCLC to Serine 897 EphA2-dependent aggressive tumor growth and metastasis. These data shed light on the molecular mechanisms explaining the limited efficacy of VEGFR2-targeted anti-angiogenic treatment in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Volz
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sara Breid
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolin Selenz
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alina Zaplatina
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kristina Golfmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Dietlein
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, US Institute for Pathology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sven Borchmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG), Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Else Kröner Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sampurna Chatterjee
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maike Siobal
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jakob Schöttle
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Translational Genomics, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra Florin
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Medical School, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mirjam Koker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marieke Nill
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Luka Ozretić
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Niklas Uhlenbrock
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Steven Smith
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Medical School, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hui Miao
- Rammelkamp Center for Research, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bingcheng Wang
- Rammelkamp Center for Research, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - H Christian Reinhardt
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Amparo Acker-Palmer
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Roland T Ullrich
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany.
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10
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Meder L, Florin A, Ozretić L, Nill M, Koker M, Meemboor S, Radtke F, Diehl L, Ullrich RT, Odenthal M, Büttner R, Heukamp LC. Notch1 Deficiency Induces Tumor Cell Accumulation Inside the Bronchiolar Lumen and Increases TAZ Expression in an Autochthonous Kras LSL-G12V Driven Lung Cancer Mouse Model. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:596522. [PMID: 34257546 PMCID: PMC8262161 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.596522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Abrogation of Notch signaling, which is pivotal for lung development and pulmonary epithelial cell fate decisions was shown to be involved in the aggressiveness and the differentiation of lung carcinomas. Additionally, the transcription factors YAP and TAZ which are involved in the Hippo pathway, were recently shown to be tightly linked with Notch signaling and to regulate the cell fate in epidermal stem cells. Thus, we aim to elucidate the effects of conditional Notch1 deficiency on carcinogenesis and TAZ expression in lung cancer. Methods: We investigated the effect of conditional Cre-recombinase mediated Notch1 knock-out on lung cancer cells in vivo using an autochthonous mouse model of lung adenocarcinomas driven by Kras LSL-G12V and comprehensive immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, we analyzed clinical samples and human lung cancer cell lines for TAZ expression and supported our findings by publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results: In mice, we found induction of papillary adenocarcinomas and protrusions of tumor cells from the bronchiolar lining upon Notch1 deficiency. Moreover, the mutated Kras driven lung tumors with deleted Notch1 showed increased TAZ expression and focal nuclear translocation which was frequently observed in human pulmonary adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, but not in small cell lung carcinomas. In addition, we used data from TCGA to show that putative inactivating NOTCH1 mutations co-occur with KRAS mutations and genomic amplifications in lung adenocarcinomas. Conclusion: Our in vivo study provides evidence that Notch1 deficiency in mutated Kras driven lung carcinomas contributes to lung carcinogenesis in a subgroup of patients by increasing TAZ expression who might benefit from TAZ signaling blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Meder
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra Florin
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Luka Ozretić
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marieke Nill
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mirjam Koker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sonja Meemboor
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Freddy Radtke
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Linda Diehl
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roland T Ullrich
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lukas C Heukamp
- Institute for Hematopathology Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Lungen Netzwerk NOWEL, Oldenburg, Germany
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11
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Borchmann S, Cirillo M, Goergen H, Meder L, Sasse S, Kreissl S, Bröckelmann PJ, von Tresckow B, Fuchs M, Ullrich RT, Engert A. Pretreatment Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Impaired Progression-Free and Overall Survival in Hodgkin Lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2019; 37:3528-3537. [PMID: 31622132 DOI: 10.1200/jco.19.00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D deficiency is described as a modifiable risk factor for the incidence of and mortality in many common cancers; however, data in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are lacking. PATIENTS AND METHODS We thus performed a study measuring pretreatment vitamin D levels in prospectively treated patients with HL and correlated this with clinical outcomes. A total of 351 patients from the German Hodgkin Study Group clinical trials (HD7, HD8, and HD9) were included. RESULTS Fifty percent of patients were vitamin D deficient (< 30 nmol/L) before planned chemotherapy. Pretreatment vitamin D deficiency was more common in relapsed/refractory patients than matched relapse-free controls (median baseline vitamin D, 21.4 nmol/L v 35.5 nmol/L; proportion with vitamin D deficiency, 68% v 41%; P < .001). Vitamin D-deficient patients had impaired progression-free survival (10-year difference, 17.6%; 95% CI, 6.9% to 28.4%; hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.84 to 2.48; P < .001) and overall survival (10-year difference, 11.1%; 95% CI, 2.1% to 20.2%; hazard ratio, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.53 to 2.15; P < .001), consistent across trials and treatment groups. We demonstrated that vitamin D status is an independent predictor of outcome and hypothesized that vitamin D status might be important for the chemosensitivity of HL. We subsequently performed experiments supplementing physiologic doses of vitamin D (calcitriol) to cultured HL cell lines and demonstrated increased antiproliferative effects in combination with chemotherapy. In an HL-xenograft animal model, we showed that supplemental vitamin D (dietary supplement, cholecalciferol) improves the chemosensitivity of tumors by reducing the rate of tumor growth compared with vitamin D or chemotherapy alone. CONCLUSION On the basis of our clinical and preclinical findings, we encourage that vitamin D screening and replacement be incorporated into future randomized clinical trials to properly clarify the role of vitamin D replacement therapy in HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Borchmann
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Else Kröner Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melita Cirillo
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Helen Goergen
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephanie Sasse
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kreissl
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul Jan Bröckelmann
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bastian von Tresckow
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Fuchs
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roland Tillmann Ullrich
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Engert
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
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12
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Macheleidt IF, Dalvi PS, Lim SY, Meemboor S, Meder L, Käsgen O, Müller M, Kleemann K, Wang L, Nürnberg P, Rüsseler V, Schäfer SC, Mahabir E, Büttner R, Odenthal M. Preclinical studies reveal that LSD1 inhibition results in tumor growth arrest in lung adenocarcinoma independently of driver mutations. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:1965-1979. [PMID: 30220105 PMCID: PMC6210049 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent subtype of non-small cell lung cancer. Despite the development of novel targeted and immune therapies, the 5-year survival rate is still only 21%, indicating the need for more efficient treatment regimens. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is an epigenetic eraser that modifies histone 3 methylation status, and is highly overexpressed in LUAD. Using representative human cell culture systems and two autochthonous transgenic mouse models, we investigated inhibition of LSD1 as a novel therapeutic option for treating LUAD. The reversible LSD1 inhibitor HCI-2509 significantly reduced cell growth with an IC50 of 0.3-5 μmin vitro, which was linked to an enhancement of histone 3 lysine methylation. Most importantly, growth arrest, as well as inhibition of the invasion capacities, was independent of the underlying driver mutations. Subsequent expression profiling revealed that the cell cycle and replication machinery were prominently affected after LSD1 inhibition. In addition, our data provide evidence that LSD1 blockade significantly interferes with EGFR downstream signaling. Finally, our in vitro results were confirmed by preclinical therapeutic approaches, including the use of two autochthonous transgenic LUAD mouse models driven by either EGFR or KRAS mutations. Importantly, LSD1 inhibition resulted in significantly lower tumor formation and a strong reduction in tumor progression, which were independent of the underlying mutational background of the mouse models. Hence, our findings provide substantial evidence indicating that tumor growth of LUAD can be markedly decreased by HCI-2509 treatment, suggesting its use as a single agent maintenance therapy or combined therapeutical application in novel concerted drug approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris F Macheleidt
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Priya S Dalvi
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - So-Young Lim
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Sonja Meemboor
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany.,Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
| | - Olivia Käsgen
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Marion Müller
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
| | - Karolin Kleemann
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Lingyu Wang
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Vanessa Rüsseler
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan C Schäfer
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Integrative Oncology, University Clinic of Cologne and Bonn, Germany
| | - Esther Mahabir
- Comparative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Integrative Oncology, University Clinic of Cologne and Bonn, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
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13
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Meder L, Schuldt P, Thelen M, Schmitt A, Dietlein F, Klein S, Borchmann S, Wennhold K, Vlasic I, Oberbeck S, Riedel R, Florin A, Golfmann K, Schlößer HA, Odenthal M, Buettner R, Wolf J, Hallek M, Herling M, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Reinhardt HC, Ullrich RT. Combined VEGF and PD-L1 Blockade Displays Synergistic Treatment Effects in an Autochthonous Mouse Model of Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4270-4281. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Meder L, König K, Dietlein F, Macheleidt I, Florin A, Ercanoglu MS, Rommerscheidt-Fuss U, Koker M, Schön G, Odenthal M, Klein F, Büttner R, Schulte JH, Heukamp LC, Ullrich RT. LIN28B enhanced tumorigenesis in an autochthonous KRAS G12V-driven lung carcinoma mouse model. Oncogene 2018; 37:2746-2756. [PMID: 29503447 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
LIN28B is a RNA-binding protein regulating predominantly let-7 microRNAs with essential functions in inflammation, wound healing, embryonic stem cells, and cancer. LIN28B expression is associated with tumor initiation, progression, resistance, and poor outcome in several solid cancers, including lung cancer. However, the functional role of LIN28B, especially in non-small cell lung adenocarcinomas, remains elusive. Here, we investigated the effects of LIN28B expression on lung tumorigenesis using LIN28B transgenic overexpression in an autochthonous KRASG12V-driven mouse model. We found that LIN28B overexpression significantly increased the number of CD44+/CD326+ tumor cells, upregulated VEGF-A and miR-21 and promoted tumor angiogenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) accompanied by enhanced AKT phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of c-MYC. Moreover, LIN28B accelerated tumor initiation and enhanced proliferation which led to a shortened overall survival. In addition, we analyzed lung adenocarcinomas of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and found LIN28B expression in 24% of KRAS-mutated cases, which underscore the relevance of our model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Meder
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch Straße 21, Cologne, 50931, Germany.
| | - Katharina König
- Labor Dr. Quade und Kollegen GmbH, Aachener Straße 338, Cologne, 50933, Germany
| | - Felix Dietlein
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Faber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Havard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Iris Macheleidt
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Alexandra Florin
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Meryem S Ercanoglu
- Institute of Virology, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch Straße 21, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | | | - Mirjam Koker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch Straße 21, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Gisela Schön
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch Straße 21, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch Straße 21, Cologne, 50931, Germany.,Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- Institute of Virology, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch Straße 21, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch Straße 21, Cologne, 50931, Germany.,Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Johannes H Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK Berlin), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas C Heukamp
- New Oncology, Gottfried-Hagen-Straße 20, 51105, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Hematopathology Hamburg, Fangdieckstraße 75a, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roland T Ullrich
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch Straße 21, Cologne, 50931, Germany
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Meder
- Department 1 for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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16
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Latteyer S, Tiedje V, König K, Ting S, Heukamp LC, Meder L, Schmid KW, Führer D, Moeller LC. Targeted next-generation sequencing for TP53, RAS, BRAF, ALK and NF1 mutations in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Endocrine 2016; 54:733-741. [PMID: 27696251 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-1080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is the most aggressive thyroid cancer with a median survival of 4-6 months. Identification of mutations contributing to aberrant activation of signaling cascades in ATC may provide novel opportunities for targeted therapy. Thirty-nine ATC samples were studied by next-generation sequencing (NGS) with an established gene panel. High quality readout was obtained in 30/39 ATC. Twenty-eight ATC harbored a mutation in at least one of the studied genes: TP53 (18/30), NF1 (11/30), ALK (6/30), NRAS (4/30), ATRX (3/30), BRAF (2/30), HRAS (2/30), KRAS (1/30). In 17/30 ATC (54 %) mutations were found in two or more genes. Twenty-one of the identified variants are listed in COSMIC as somatic mutations reported in other cancer entities. In three ATC samples no mutations were detected and none of the ATCs was positive for BRAFV600E. The most frequent mutations were found in TP53 (60 %), followed by NF1 (37 %). ALK mutations were detected in 20 % of ATC and were more frequent than RAS or BRAF mutations. ATRX mutations were identified in 10 % of the ATC samples. These sequencing data from 30 ATC samples demonstrate the accumulation of genetic alterations in ATC because in 90 % of samples mutations were already found in the investigated nine genes alone. Mutations were found with high prevalence in established tumor suppressor and oncogenes in ATC, such as TP53 and H/K/NRAS, but also, although less frequent, in genes that may harbor the potential for targeted treatment in a subset of ATC patients, such as ALK and NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soeren Latteyer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Vera Tiedje
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Katharina König
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50935, Germany
- Labor Dr. Quade und Kollegen GmbH, Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum, Aachener Str. 338, Cologne, 50933, Germany
| | - Saskia Ting
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Lukas C Heukamp
- NEO New Oncology AG, Gottfried-Hagen-Str. 20, Cologne, 51105, Germany
- Institute of Hematopathology Hamburg, Fangdieckstraße 75a, Hamburg, 22547, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50935, Germany
| | - Kurt Werner Schmid
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Dagmar Führer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Lars Christian Moeller
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45122, Germany.
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Ortiz-Cuaran S, Scheffler M, Plenker D, Dahmen L, Scheel AH, Fernandez-Cuesta L, Meder L, Lovly CM, Persigehl T, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Bos M, Michels S, Fischer R, Albus K, König K, Schildhaus HU, Fassunke J, Ihle MA, Pasternack H, Heydt C, Becker C, Altmüller J, Ji H, Müller C, Florin A, Heuckmann JM, Nuernberg P, Ansén S, Heukamp LC, Berg J, Pao W, Peifer M, Buettner R, Wolf J, Thomas RK, Sos ML. Heterogeneous Mechanisms of Primary and Acquired Resistance to Third-Generation EGFR Inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:4837-4847. [PMID: 27252416 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify novel mechanisms of resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors in patients with lung adenocarcinoma that progressed under therapy with either AZD9291 or rociletinib (CO-1686). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We analyzed tumor biopsies from seven patients obtained before, during, and/or after treatment with AZD9291 or rociletinib (CO-1686). Targeted sequencing and FISH analyses were performed, and the relevance of candidate genes was functionally assessed in in vitro models. RESULTS We found recurrent amplification of either MET or ERBB2 in tumors that were resistant or developed resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors and show that ERBB2 and MET activation can confer resistance to these compounds. Furthermore, we identified a KRASG12S mutation in a patient with acquired resistance to AZD9291 as a potential driver of acquired resistance. Finally, we show that dual inhibition of EGFR/MEK might be a viable strategy to overcome resistance in EGFR-mutant cells expressing mutant KRAS CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that heterogeneous mechanisms of resistance can drive primary and acquired resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors and provide a rationale for potential combination strategies. Clin Cancer Res; 22(19); 4837-47. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ortiz-Cuaran
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Scheffler
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Lung Cancer Group Cologne and Network Genomic Medicine (Lung Cancer), Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis Plenker
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Molecular Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Llona Dahmen
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas H Scheel
- Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lynnette Fernandez-Cuesta
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Lydia Meder
- Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Sabine Merkelbach-Bruse
- Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marc Bos
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Michels
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Lung Cancer Group Cologne and Network Genomic Medicine (Lung Cancer), Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rieke Fischer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Lung Cancer Group Cologne and Network Genomic Medicine (Lung Cancer), Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kerstin Albus
- Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Jana Fassunke
- Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michaela A Ihle
- Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Helen Pasternack
- Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Pathology of the University Hospital of Luebeck and Leibniz Research Center Borstel, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Carina Heydt
- Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Becker
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hongbin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China. School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Christian Müller
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra Florin
- Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Peter Nuernberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sascha Ansén
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Lung Cancer Group Cologne and Network Genomic Medicine (Lung Cancer), Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lukas C Heukamp
- Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. NEO New Oncology AG, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Berg
- Institute for Theoretical Physics. University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - William Pao
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Martin Peifer
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Wolf
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Lung Cancer Group Cologne and Network Genomic Medicine (Lung Cancer), Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Roman K Thomas
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Martin L Sos
- Molecular Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Meder L, Buettner R. Elucidating alternative pathways triggering small cell lung carcinoma tumor biology. Transl Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2016.08.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Meder L, König K, Fassunke J, Ozretić L, Wolf J, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Heukamp LC, Buettner R. Implementing amplicon-based next generation sequencing in the diagnosis of small cell lung carcinoma metastases. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 99:682-6. [PMID: 26546837 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is the most aggressive entity of lung cancer. Rapid cancer progression and early formation of systemic metastases drive the deadly outcome of SCLC. Recent advances in identifying oncogenes by cancer whole genome sequencing improved the understanding of SCLC carcinogenesis. However, tumor material is often limited in the clinic. Thus, it is a compulsive issue to improve SCLC diagnostics by combining established immunohistochemistry and next generation sequencing. We implemented amplicon-based next generation deep sequencing in our routine diagnostics pipeline to analyze RB1, TP53, EP300 and CREBBP, frequently mutated in SCLC. Thereby, our pipeline combined routine SCLC histology and identification of somatic mutations. We comprehensively analyzed fifty randomly collected SCLC metastases isolated from trachea and lymph nodes in comparison to specimens derived from primary SCLC. SCLC lymph node metastases showed enhanced proliferation and frequently a collapsed keratin cytoskeleton compared to SCLC metastases isolated from trachea. We identified characteristic synchronous mutations in RB1 and TP53 and non-synchronous CREBBP and EP300 mutations. Our data showed the benefit of implementing deep sequencing into routine diagnostics. We here identify oncogenic drivers and simultaneously gain further insights into SCLC tumor biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Meder
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Katharina König
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Labor Dr. Quade und Kollegen GmbH, Aachener Straße 338, 50933 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jana Fassunke
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Luka Ozretić
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wolf
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Clinic for Internal Medicine I, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sabine Merkelbach-Bruse
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lukas C Heukamp
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
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20
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Meder L, König K, Ozretić L, Schultheis AM, Ueckeroth F, Ade CP, Albus K, Boehm D, Rommerscheidt-Fuss U, Florin A, Buhl T, Hartmann W, Wolf J, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Eilers M, Perner S, Heukamp LC, Buettner R. NOTCH, ASCL1, p53 and RB alterations define an alternative pathway driving neuroendocrine and small cell lung carcinomas. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:927-38. [PMID: 26340530 PMCID: PMC4832386 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancers (SCLCs) and extrapulmonary small cell cancers (SCCs) are very aggressive tumors arising de novo as primary small cell cancer with characteristic genetic lesions in RB1 and TP53. Based on murine models, neuroendocrine stem cells of the terminal bronchioli have been postulated as the cellular origin of primary SCLC. However, both in lung and many other organs, combined small cell/non‐small cell tumors and secondary transitions from non‐small cell carcinomas upon cancer therapy to neuroendocrine and small cell tumors occur. We define features of “small cell‐ness” based on neuroendocrine markers, characteristic RB1 and TP53 mutations and small cell morphology. Furthermore, here we identify a pathway driving the pathogenesis of secondary SCLC involving inactivating NOTCH mutations, activation of the NOTCH target ASCL1 and canonical WNT‐signaling in the context of mutual bi‐allelic RB1 and TP53 lesions. Additionaly, we explored ASCL1 dependent RB inactivation by phosphorylation, which is reversible by CDK5 inhibition. We experimentally verify the NOTCH‐ASCL1‐RB‐p53 signaling axis in vitro and validate its activation by genetic alterations in vivo. We analyzed clinical tumor samples including SCLC, SCC and pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas and adenocarcinomas using amplicon‐based Next Generation Sequencing, immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. In conclusion, we identified a novel pathway underlying rare secondary SCLC which may drive small cell carcinomas in organs other than lung, as well. What's new? Using next generation sequencing and establishing features of ‘small cell‐ness’, we identified a NOTCH‐ASCL1‐RB1‐TP53 signaling axis driving small cell cancers. In contrast to the previously described bi‐allelic RB1/TP53 loss in neuroendocrine stem cells as origin of primary small cell neuroendocrine cancers, the NOTCH‐ASCL1 mediated signaling defines an alternative pathway driving secondary small cell neuroendocrine cancers arising from non‐small cell cancers. Moreover, we show a preclinical rational for therapeutically testing WNT‐inhibitors in small cell cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Meder
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Katharina König
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Luka Ozretić
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Anne M Schultheis
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Frank Ueckeroth
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Carsten P Ade
- Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - Kerstin Albus
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Diana Boehm
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Prostate Cancer Research, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, Bonn, 53105, Germany
| | - Ursula Rommerscheidt-Fuss
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Alexandra Florin
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Theresa Buhl
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wolf
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Clinic for Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Sabine Merkelbach-Bruse
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Martin Eilers
- Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - Sven Perner
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - Lukas C Heukamp
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany.,Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
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Chatterjee S, Heukamp LC, Siobal M, Schöttle J, Wieczorek C, Peifer M, Frasca D, Koker M, König K, Meder L, Rauh D, Buettner R, Wolf J, Brekken RA, Neumaier B, Christofori G, Thomas RK, Ullrich RT. Tumor VEGF:VEGFR2 autocrine feed-forward loop triggers angiogenesis in lung cancer. J Clin Invest 2013. [DOI: 10.1172/jci70810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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22
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Chatterjee S, Heukamp LC, Siobal M, Schöttle J, Wieczorek C, Peifer M, Frasca D, Koker M, König K, Meder L, Rauh D, Buettner R, Wolf J, Brekken RA, Neumaier B, Christofori G, Thomas RK, Ullrich RT. Tumor VEGF:VEGFR2 autocrine feed-forward loop triggers angiogenesis in lung cancer. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:1732-40. [PMID: 23454747 DOI: 10.1172/jci65385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms that control the balance between antiangiogenic and proangiogenic factors and initiate the angiogenic switch in tumors remain poorly defined. By combining chemical genetics with multimodal imaging, we have identified an autocrine feed-forward loop in tumor cells in which tumor-derived VEGF stimulates VEGF production via VEGFR2-dependent activation of mTOR, substantially amplifying the initial proangiogenic signal. Disruption of this feed-forward loop by chemical perturbation or knockdown of VEGFR2 in tumor cells dramatically inhibited production of VEGF in vitro and in vivo. This disruption was sufficient to prevent tumor growth in vivo. In patients with lung cancer, we found that this VEGF:VEGFR2 feed-forward loop was active, as the level of VEGF/VEGFR2 binding in tumor cells was highly correlated to tumor angiogenesis. We further demonstrated that inhibition of tumor cell VEGFR2 induces feedback activation of the IRS/MAPK signaling cascade. Most strikingly, combined pharmacological inhibition of VEGFR2 (ZD6474) and MEK (PD0325901) in tumor cells resulted in dramatic tumor shrinkage, whereas monotherapy only modestly slowed tumor growth. Thus, a tumor cell-autonomous VEGF:VEGFR2 feed-forward loop provides signal amplification required for the establishment of fully angiogenic tumors in lung cancer. Interrupting this feed-forward loop switches tumor cells from an angiogenic to a proliferative phenotype that sensitizes tumor cells to MAPK inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampurna Chatterjee
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, with Klaus-Joachim-Zülch Laboratories of the Max Planck Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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23
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König K, Meder L, Kröger C, Diehl L, Florin A, Rommerscheidt-Fuss U, Kahl P, Wardelmann E, Magin TM, Buettner R, Heukamp LC. Loss of the keratin cytoskeleton is not sufficient to induce epithelial mesenchymal transition in a novel KRAS driven sporadic lung cancer mouse model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57996. [PMID: 23536778 PMCID: PMC3594220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the phenotypical change of cells from an epithelial to a mesenchymal type, is thought to be a key event in invasion and metastasis of adenocarcinomas. These changes involve loss of keratin expression as well as loss of cell polarity and adhesion. We here aimed to determine whether the loss of keratin expression itself drives increased invasion and metastasis in adenocarcinomas and whether keratin loss leads to the phenotypic changes associated with EMT. Therefore, we employed a recently described murine model in which conditional deletion of the Keratin cluster II by Cre-recombinase leads to the loss of the entire keratinmultiprotein family. These mice were crossed into a newly generated Cre-recombinase inducible KRAS-driven murine lung cancer model to examine the effect of keratin loss on morphology, invasion and metastasis as well as expression of EMT related genes in the resulting tumors. We here clearly show that loss of a functional keratin cytoskeleton did not significantly alter tumor morphology or biology in terms of invasion, metastasis, proliferation or tumor burden and did not lead to induction of EMT. Further, tumor cells did not induce synchronously expression of vimentin, which is often seen in EMT, to compensate for keratin loss. In summary, our data suggest that changes in cell shape and migration that underlie EMT are dependent on changes in signaling pathways that cause secondary changes in keratin expression and organization. Thus, we conclude that loss of the keratin cytoskeleton per se is not sufficient to causally drive EMT in this tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina König
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kröger
- Whitehead Institute of Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Linda Diehl
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Philip Kahl
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Wardelmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas M. Magin
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Lukas C. Heukamp
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- * E-mail:
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24
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Koenig K, Meder L, Kroeger C, Diehl L, Florin A, Rommerscheidt-Fuss U, Kahl P, Wardelmann E, Magin TM, Buettner R, Heukamp LC. Abstract B44: Loss of the keratin cytoskeleton is not sufficient to induce epithelial mesenchymal transition in a novel KRAS-driven sporadic lung cancer mouse model. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.tim2013-b44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the phenotypical change of cells from an epithelial to a mesenchymal type, is thought to be a key event in invasion and metastasis of adenocarcinomas. These changes involve loss of keratin expression as well as loss of cell polarity and adhesion. We here aimed to determine whether the loss of keratin expression itself drives increased invasion and metastasis in adenocarcinomas and whether keratin loss leads to the phenotypic changes associated with EMT. Therefore, we employed a recently described murine model in which conditional deletion by Cre-recombinase leads to loss of the entire keratin
multiprotein family. These mice were crossed into a newly generated Cre-recombinase inducible KRAS-driven murine lung cancer model to examine the effect of keratin loss on morphology, invasion and metastasis as well as expression of EMT related genes in the resulting tumors.
We here clearly show that loss of a functional keratin cytoskeleton did not significantly alter tumor morphology or biology in terms of invasion, metastasis, proliferation or tumor burden and did not lead to induction of EMT. Further, tumor cells did not induce synchronously expression of vimentin, which is often seen in EMT, to compensate for keratin loss. In summary, our data suggest that changes in cell shape and migration that underlie EMT, are dependent on changes in signaling pathways that cause secondary changes in keratin expression and organization. Thus, we conclude that that loss of the keratin cytoskeleton per se is not sufficient to causally drive EMT in this tumor model.
Citation Format: Katharina Koenig, Lydia Meder, Cornelia Kroeger, Linda Diehl, Alexandra Florin, Ursula Rommerscheidt-Fuss, Philip Kahl, Eva Wardelmann, Thomas M. Magin, Reinhard Buettner, Lukas C. Heukamp. Loss of the keratin cytoskeleton is not sufficient to induce epithelial mesenchymal transition in a novel KRAS-driven sporadic lung cancer mouse model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr B44.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Koenig
- 1Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
| | - Lydia Meder
- 1Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
| | | | - Linda Diehl
- 3Institutes of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,
| | - Alexandra Florin
- 1Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
| | | | - Philip Kahl
- 1Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
| | - Eva Wardelmann
- 1Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
| | - Thomas M. Magin
- 4Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM) and Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Lukas C. Heukamp
- 1Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
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Heukamp LC, Thor T, Schramm A, De Preter K, Kumps C, De Wilde B, Odersky A, Peifer M, Lindner S, Spruessel A, Pattyn F, Mestdagh P, Menten B, Kuhfittig-Kulle S, Künkele A, König K, Meder L, Chatterjee S, Ullrich RT, Schulte S, Vandesompele J, Speleman F, Büttner R, Eggert A, Schulte JH. Targeted expression of mutated ALK induces neuroblastoma in transgenic mice. Sci Transl Med 2012; 4:141ra91. [PMID: 22764207 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Activating anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutations were recently detected in most familial and 10% of sporadic neuroblastomas. However, the role of mutated ALK in tumorigenesis remains elusive. We demonstrate that targeted expression of the most frequent and aggressive variant, ALK(F1174L), is tumorigenic in mice. Tumors resembled human neuroblastomas in morphology, metastasis pattern, gene expression, and the presence of neurosecretory vesicles as well as synaptic structures. This ALK-driven neuroblastoma mouse model precisely recapitulated the genetic spectrum of the disease. Chromosomal aberrations were syntenic to those in human neuroblastoma, including 17q gain and MYCN oncogene amplification. Targeted ALK(F1174L) and MYCN coexpression revealed a strong synergism in inducing neuroblastoma with minimal chromosomal aberrations, suggesting that fewer secondary hits are required for tumor induction if both oncoproteins are targeted. Treatment of ALK(F1174L) transgenic mice with the ALK inhibitor TAE-684 induced complete tumor regression, indicating that tumor cells were addicted to ALK(F1174L) activity. We conclude that an activating mutation within the ALK kinase domain is sufficient to induce neuroblastoma development, and ALK inhibitors show promise for treating human neuroblastomas harboring ALK mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas C Heukamp
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpenerstrasse 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany
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Heuckmann JM, Balke-Want H, Malchers F, Peifer M, Sos ML, Koker M, Meder L, Lovly CM, Heukamp LC, Pao W, Küppers R, Thomas RK. Differential protein stability and ALK inhibitor sensitivity of EML4-ALK fusion variants. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:4682-90. [PMID: 22912387 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-3260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE ALK rearrangement-positive lung cancers can be effectively treated with ALK inhibitors. However, the magnitude and duration of response is heterogeneous. In addition, acquired resistance limits the efficacy of ALK inhibitors, with most upfront resistance mechanisms being unknown. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN By making use of the Ba/F3 cell line model, we analyzed the cytotoxic efficacy of ALK kinase inhibitors as a function of different EML4-ALK fusion variants v1, v2, v3a, and v3b as well as of three artificially designed EML4-ALK deletion constructs and the ALK fusion genes KIF5b-ALK and NPM1-ALK. In addition, the intracellular localization, the sensitivity to HSP90 inhibition and the protein stability of ALK fusion proteins were studied. RESULTS Different ALK fusion genes and EML4-ALK variants exhibited differential sensitivity to the structurally diverse ALK kinase inhibitors crizotinib and TAE684. In addition, differential sensitivity correlated with differences in protein stability in EML4-ALK-expressing cells. Furthermore, the sensitivity to HSP90 inhibition also varied depending on the ALK fusion partner but differed from ALK inhibitor sensitivity patterns. Finally, combining inhibitors of ALK and HSP90 resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Our results might explain some of the heterogeneous responses of ALK-positive tumors to ALK kinase inhibition observed in the clinic. Thus, targeted therapy of ALK-positive lung cancer should take into account the precise ALK genotype. Furthermore, combining ALK and HSP90 inhibitors might enhance tumor shrinkage in EML4-ALK-driven tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M Heuckmann
- Department of Translational Genomics, University of Cologne, c/o MPI for Neurological Research, Gleueler Str. 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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