1
|
Lelos MJ, Murphy EM, Lindgren HS, Dunnett SB, Lane EL. Impaired cognitive and motor function are coincident with L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in a model of Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17697. [PMID: 37848479 PMCID: PMC10582029 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44869-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine transmission has been implicated in motor and cognitive function. In Parkinson's disease (PD), dopamine replacement using the precursor drug L-DOPA is the predominant treatment approach, but long-term exposure leads to the onset of dyskinesias (LIDs). Chronic L-DOPA exposure has been associated with changes in gene expression and altered cortico-striatal plasticity. The aim of this research was to assess the functional consequence of long-term L-DOPA exposure on cognitive and motor function using a rodent model of PD. Across two independent experiments, we assessed the impact of chronic L-DOPA exposure, or a control D2R agonist, on motor and cognitive function in intact and in hemi parkinsonian rats, in the absence of drug. Abnormal involuntary movements associated with LID were measured and brain tissues were subsequently harvested for immunohistochemical analysis. Exposure to chronic L-DOPA, but not the D2R agonist, impaired motor and cognitive function, when animals were tested in the absence of drug. A meta-analysis of the two experiments allowed further dissociation of L-DOPA -treated rats into those that developed LIDs (dyskinetic) and those that did not develop LIDs (non-dyskinetic). This analysis revealed impaired cognitive and motor performance were evident only in dyskinetic, but not in non-dyskinetic, rats. These data reveal a functional consequence of the altered plasticity associated with LID onset and have implications for understanding symptom progression in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariah J Lelos
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK.
| | - Ellen M Murphy
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK
| | - Hanna S Lindgren
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK
| | - Stephen B Dunnett
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK
| | - Emma L Lane
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu W, Fan Y, Li Y, Peng L, Li Y, Yan F, Zhao J, Zhang L, Kurihara H, He R, Chen H. Hybridization of Amantadine with Gardenamide A Enhances NMDA Antagonism and in vivo Anti-PD Effects. Bioorg Chem 2022; 130:106223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
3
|
Angela Cenci M, Skovgård K, Odin P. Non-dopaminergic approaches to the treatment of motor complications in Parkinson's disease. Neuropharmacology 2022; 210:109027. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
4
|
Lazarova M, Tancheva L, Chayrov R, Tzvetanova E, Alexandrova A, Popatanasov A, Uzunova D, Stefanova M, Stankova I, Kalfin R. Tyrosinyl-amantadine: A New Amantadine Derivative With an Ameliorative Effect in a 6-OHDA Experimental Model of Parkinson's Disease in Rats. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:900-909. [PMID: 35091981 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The neuroprotective capacity of newly synthesized amantadine derivative tyrosinyl-amantadine (Tyr-Am) with expected antiparkinsonian properties was evaluated in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) model of Parkinson's disease. Male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: sham-operated (SO), striatal 6-OHDA-lesioned control group, 6-OHDA-lesioned rats pretreated for 6 days with Tyr-Am (16 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally, i.p.), and 6-OHDA-lesioned rats pretreated for 6 days with amantadine (40 mg/kg i.p.), used as a referent. On the first, second and third week post-lesion, the animals were subjected to some behavioral tests (apomorphine-induced rotation, rotarod, and passive avoidance test). The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and key oxidative stress parameters including lipid peroxidation levels (LPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in brain homogenates. The results showed that the neuroprotective effect of Tyr-Am was comparable to that of amantadine, improving neuromuscular coordination and learning and memory performance even at a 2.5-fold lower dose. Tyr-Am demonstrated significant antioxidant properties via decreased LPO levels but had no effect on AChE activity. We can conclude that the newly synthesized amantadine derivative Tyr-Am demonstrated significant antiparkinsonian activity in a 6-OHDA experimental model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lazarova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St, Block 23, Sofia,, 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Lyubka Tancheva
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St, Block 23, Sofia,, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Radoslav Chayrov
- Department of Chemistry, South-West University "Neofit Rilski", Ivan Mihailov St. 66, Blagoevgrad,, 2700, Bulgaria
| | - Elina Tzvetanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St, Block 23, Sofia,, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Alexandrova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St, Block 23, Sofia,, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Andrey Popatanasov
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St, Block 23, Sofia,, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Diamara Uzunova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St, Block 23, Sofia,, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Miroslava Stefanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St, Block 23, Sofia,, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Ivanka Stankova
- Department of Chemistry, South-West University "Neofit Rilski", Ivan Mihailov St. 66, Blagoevgrad,, 2700, Bulgaria
| | - Reni Kalfin
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St, Block 23, Sofia,, 1113, Bulgaria.,Faculty of Public Health, Healthcare and Sport, South-West University "Neofit Rilski", Ivan Mihailov St. 66, Blagoevgrad,, 2700, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Komeili G, Haghparast E, Sheibani V. Marijuana improved motor impairments and changes in synaptic plasticity-related molecules in the striatum in 6-OHDA-treated rats. Behav Brain Res 2021; 410:113342. [PMID: 33961911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Using marijuana has become popular and is allowed for medical purposes in some countries. The effect of marijuana on Parkinson's disease is controversial and Medical marijuana may benefit for motor and non-motor symptoms of patients with Parkinson's disease. No research has been conducted to fully prove the benefits, risks, and uses of marijuana as a treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease. In the present study, several different approaches, including behavioral measures and the western blot method for protein level assay, were used to investigate whether exposure to marijuana affects the motor and synaptic plasticity impairment induced by 6-OHDA. Marijuana consumption significantly decreased apomorphine-induced contralateral rotation, beam travel time, beam freeze time, and catalepsy time, but significantly increased latency to fall in the rotarod test, balance time, and protein level of PSD-95 and dopamine receptor D1 in the 6-OHDA + marijuana group. These results suggest that marijuana may be helpful for motor disorders and synaptic changes in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Komeili
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Elham Haghparast
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Vahid Sheibani
- Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Misganaw D. Heteromerization of dopaminergic receptors in the brain: Pharmacological implications. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105600. [PMID: 33836279 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine exerts its physiological effects through two subtypes of receptors, i.e. the receptors of the D1 family (D1R and D5R) and the D2 family (D2R, D3R, and D4R), which differ in their pattern of distribution, affinity, and signaling. The D1-like subfamily (D1R and D5R) are coupled to Gαs/olf proteins to activate adenylyl cyclase whereas the D2-like receptors are coupled to Gαi/o subunits and suppress the activity of adenylyl cyclase. Dopamine receptors are capable of forming homodimers, heterodimers, and higher-order oligomeric complexes, resulting in a change in the individual protomers' recognition, signaling, and pharmacology. Heteromerization has the potential to modify the canonical pharmacological features of individual monomeric units such as ligand affinity, activation, signaling, and cellular trafficking through allosteric interactions, reviving the field and introducing a new pharmacological target. Since heteromers are expressed and formed in a tissue-specific manner, they could provide the framework to design selective and effective drug candidates, such as brain-penetrant heterobivalent drugs and interfering peptides, with limited side effects. Therefore, heteromerization could be a promising area of pharmacology research, as it could contribute to the development of novel pharmacological interventions for dopamine dysregulated brain disorders such as addiction, schizophrenia, cognition, Parkinson's disease, and other motor-related disorders. This review is articulated based on the three criteria established by the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology for GPCR heterodimers (IUPHAR): evidence of co-localization and physical interactions in native or primary tissue, presence of a new physiological and functional property than the individual protomers, and loss of interaction and functional fingerprints upon heterodimer disruption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desye Misganaw
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sebastianutto I, Goyet E, Andreoli L, Font-Ingles J, Moreno-Delgado D, Bouquier N, Jahannault-Talignani C, Moutin E, Di Menna L, Maslava N, Pin JP, Fagni L, Nicoletti F, Ango F, Cenci MA, Perroy J. D1-mGlu5 heteromers mediate noncanonical dopamine signaling in Parkinson's disease. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1168-1184. [PMID: 32039920 DOI: 10.1172/jci126361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine receptor D1 modulates glutamatergic transmission in cortico-basal ganglia circuits and represents a major target of L-DOPA therapy in Parkinson's disease. Here we show that D1 and metabotropic glutamate type 5 (mGlu5) receptors can form previously unknown heteromeric entities with distinctive functional properties. Interacting with Gq proteins, cell-surface D1-mGlu5 heteromers exacerbated PLC signaling and intracellular calcium release in response to either glutamate or dopamine. In rodent models of Parkinson's disease, D1-mGlu5 nanocomplexes were strongly upregulated in the dopamine-denervated striatum, resulting in a synergistic activation of PLC signaling by D1 and mGlu5 receptor agonists. In turn, D1-mGlu5-dependent PLC signaling was causally linked with excessive activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases in striatal neurons, leading to dyskinesia in animals treated with L-DOPA or D1 receptor agonists. The discovery of D1-mGlu5 functional heteromers mediating maladaptive molecular and motor responses in the dopamine-denervated striatum may prompt the development of new therapeutic principles for Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Sebastianutto
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Elise Goyet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Laura Andreoli
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Joan Font-Ingles
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - David Moreno-Delgado
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Department of Neuroscience Research, UCB Pharma, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Bouquier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Enora Moutin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Luisa Di Menna
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Natallia Maslava
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jean-Philippe Pin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Fagni
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrice Ango
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - M Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Julie Perroy
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Y, Meng X, Jiao Z, Liu Y, Zhang X, Qu S. Generation of a Novel Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease via Targeted Knockdown of Glutamate Transporter GLT-1 in the Substantia Nigra. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:406-417. [PMID: 31909584 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by pathological dopaminergic (DA) neuronal death and α-synuclein aggregation. Glutamate excitotoxicity is a well-established pathogenesis of PD that involves dysfunctional expression of glutamate transporters. Glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) is mainly responsible for clearance of glutamate at synapses, including DA synapses. However, the role of GLT-1 in the aberrant synaptic transmission in PD remains elusive. In the present study, we generated small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to knockdown GLT-1 expression in primary astrocytes, and we report that siRNA knockdown of astrocytic GLT-1 decreased postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) expression in neuron-astrocyte cocultures in vitro. Using adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) targeting GLT-1 short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) sequences with a glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter, we abolished astrocytic GLT-1 expression in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of mice. We found that GLT-1 deficiency in the SNpc induced parkinsonian phenotypes in terms of progressive motor deficits and nigral DA neuronal death in mice. We also found that there were reactive astrocytes and microglia in the SNpc upon GLT-1 knockdown. Furthermore, we used RNA sequencing to determine altered gene expression patterns upon GLT-1 knockdown in the SNpc, which revealed that disrupted calcium signaling pathways may be responsible for GLT-1 deficiency-mediated DA neuronal death in the SNpc. Taken together, our findings provide evidence for a novel role of GLT-1 in parkinsonian phenotypes in mice, which may contribute to further elucidation of the mechanisms of PD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience
and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xingjun Meng
- Central Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, China
| | - Zhigang Jiao
- Central Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiuping Zhang
- Teaching Center of Experimental Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shaogang Qu
- Central Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Casadó-Anguera V, Cortés A, Casadó V, Moreno E. Targeting the receptor-based interactome of the dopamine D1 receptor: looking for heteromer-selective drugs. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:1297-1312. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1664469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verònica Casadó-Anguera
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Antoni Cortés
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Vicent Casadó
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Severity of Dyskinesia and D3R Signaling Changes Induced by L-DOPA Treatment of Hemiparkinsonian Rats Are Features Inherent to the Treated Subjects. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090431. [PMID: 31480516 PMCID: PMC6770442 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive damage to nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons leads to Parkinson’s disease (PD). To date, the most effective treatment has been administration of levodopa (L-DOPA) to increase dopaminergic tone. This treatment leads to responses that vary widely among patients, from predominantly beneficial effects to the induction of disabling, abnormal movements (L-DOPA induced dyskinesia (LID)). Similarly, experimental studies have shown animals with widely different degrees of LID severity. In this study, unilateral injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) produced more than 90% depletion of dopamine in both the striatum and the substantia nigra reticulata (SNr) of rats. Population analysis showed that dopamine depletion levels were clustered in a single population. In contrast, analysis of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) induced by L-DOPA treatment of 6-OHDA-lesioned animals yielded two populations: one with mild LID, and the other with severe LID, which are also related to different therapeutic responses. We examined whether the severity of LID correlated with changes in dopamine 3 receptor (D3R) signaling because of the following: (a) D3R expression and the induction of LID are strongly correlated; and (b) dopaminergic denervation induces a qualitative change in D3R signaling in the SNr. We found that the effects of D3R activation on cAMP accumulation and depolarization-induced [3H]-gamma-aminobutyric acid ([3H]-GABA) release were switched. L-DOPA treatment normalized the denervation-induced changes in animals with mild LID. The D3R activation caused depression of both dopamine 1 receptor (D1R)-induced increases in cAMP production and depolarization-induced [3H]-GABA release, which were reversed to their pre-denervation state. In animals with severe LID, none of the denervation-induced changes were reversed. The finding that in the absence of identifiable differences in 6-OHDA and L-DOPA treatment, two populations of animals with different D3R signaling and LIDs severity implies that mechanisms intrinsic to the treated subject determine the segregation.
Collapse
|
11
|
Mishra A, Singh S, Tiwari V, Chaturvedi S, Wahajuddin M, Shukla S. Dopamine receptor activation mitigates mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress to enhance dopaminergic neurogenesis in 6-OHDA lesioned rats: A role of Wnt signalling. Neurochem Int 2019; 129:104463. [PMID: 31078578 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nigral dopaminergic (DAergic) cell degeneration and depletion of dopamine neurotransmitter in the midbrain are cardinal features of Parkinson's disease (PD). Dopamine system regulates different aspects of behavioural phenotypes such as motor control, reward, anxiety and depression via acting on dopamine receptors (D1-D5). Recent studies have shown the potential effects of dopamine on modulation of neurogenesis, a process of newborn neuron formation from neural stem cells (NSCs). Reduced proliferative capacity of NSCs and net neurogenesis has been reported in subventricular zone, olfactory bulb and hippocampus of patients with PD. However, the molecular and cellular mechanism of dopamine mediated modulation of DAergic neurogenesis is not defined. In this study, we attempted to investigate the molecular mechanism of dopamine receptors mediated control of DAergic neurogenesis and whether it affects mitochondrial biogenesis in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced rat model of PD-like phenotypes. Unilateral administration of 6-OHDA into medial forebrain bundle potentially reduced tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity, dopamine content in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and striatum region and impaired motor functions in adult rats. We found decreased D1 receptor expression, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial functions and DAergic differentiation associated with down-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling in SNpc of 6-OHDA lesioned rats. Pharmacological stimulation of D1 receptor enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial functions and DAergic neurogenesis that lead to improved motor functions in 6-OHDA lesioned rats. D1 agonist induced effects were attenuated following administration of D1 antagonist, whereas shRNA mediated knockdown of Axin-2, a negative regulator of Wnt signalling significantly abolished D1 antagonist induced impairment in mitochondrial biogenesis and DAergic neurogenesis in 6-OHDA lesioned rats. Our results suggest that dopamine receptor regulates DAergic neurogenesis and mitochondrial functions by activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in rat model of PD-like phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Mishra
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonu Singh
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Virendra Tiwari
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Chaturvedi
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - M Wahajuddin
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shubha Shukla
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vanle B, Olcott W, Jimenez J, Bashmi L, Danovitch I, IsHak WW. NMDA antagonists for treating the non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:117. [PMID: 29907742 PMCID: PMC6003962 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), depression is prevalent and disabling, impacting both health outcomes and quality of life. There is a critical need for alternative pharmacological methods to treat PD depression, as mainstream antidepressant drugs are largely ineffective in this population. Currently, there are no recommendations for the optimal treatment of PD neuropsychiatric symptoms. Given the dual antidepressant and anti-dyskinetic effects of ketamine and other N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists for PD, this review aims to examine the current evidence of NMDA antagonists for treating neuropsychiatric symptoms, including memantine, amantadine, ketamine, dizoclopine, and d-cycloserine. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed database. We also searched the following databases up to March 1, 2018: Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The following keywords were used: NMDA antagonist and Parkinson's disease. Two authors independently reviewed the articles identified from the search using specific selection criteria, focusing on studies of mood, psychiatric condition, depression, cognition, and quality of life, and the consensus was reached on the 20 studies included. There is a preliminary evidence that NMDA antagonists may modulate psychiatric symptoms in PD. However, current evidence of psychiatric symptom-modifying effects is inconclusive and requires that further trials be conducted in PD. The repurposing of old NMDA antagonists, such as ketamine for depression and newer therapies, such as rapastinel, suggests that there is an emerging place for modulating the glutamatergic system for treating non-motor symptoms in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Vanle
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Wausau, WI, USA.
| | - William Olcott
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jaime Jimenez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Luma Bashmi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Itai Danovitch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Waguih William IsHak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Choi H, Koh SH. Understanding the role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2017; 14:83-90. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2018.1417387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hojin Choi
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Koh
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Q, Zhang W. Maladaptive Synaptic Plasticity in L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia. Front Neural Circuits 2016; 10:105. [PMID: 28066191 PMCID: PMC5168436 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2016.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) could be due to maladaptive plasticity of corticostriatal synapses in response to L-DOPA treatment. A series of recent studies has revealed that LID is associated with marked morphological plasticity of striatal dendritic spines, particularly cell type-specific structural plasticity of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum. In addition, evidence demonstrating the occurrence of plastic adaptations, including aberrant morphological and functional features, in multiple components of cortico-basal ganglionic circuitry, such as primary motor cortex (M1) and basal ganglia (BG) output nuclei. These adaptations have been implicated in the pathophysiology of LID. Here, we briefly review recent studies that have addressed maladaptive plastic changes within the cortico-BG loop in dyskinetic animal models of PD and patients with PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- The National Key Clinic Specialty, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Wangming Zhang
- The National Key Clinic Specialty, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cunha AS, Matheus FC, Moretti M, Sampaio TB, Poli A, Santos DB, Colle D, Cunha MP, Blum-Silva CH, Sandjo LP, Reginatto FH, Rodrigues ALS, Farina M, Prediger RD. Agmatine attenuates reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia in mice: Role of oxidative stress, nitric oxide and glutamate NMDA receptors. Behav Brain Res 2016; 312:64-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
16
|
Effect of the C-terminal domain of the heavy chain of tetanus toxin on dyskinesia caused by levodopa in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2016; 145:33-44. [PMID: 27090294 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
17
|
Fiorentini C, Savoia P, Savoldi D, Bono F, Busi C, Barbon A, Missale C. Shp-2 knockdown prevents l-dopa-induced dyskinesia in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2016; 31:512-20. [PMID: 26898243 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyskinesia, the major side effect of l-dopa therapy in PD, is mainly associated with nonphysiological stimulation of denervated receptors in the striatum. In particular, DA D1 receptor-mediated aberrant extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 activation have been associated with striatal changes leading to dyskinesia. We recently identified the tyrosine phosphatase Shp-2 as a crucial effector transmitting D1 receptor signaling to extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 activation and reported the involvement of the D1 receptor/Shp-2/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 pathway in the development of l-dopa-induced dyskinesia. OBJECTIVES In this study, the role of Shp-2 in l-dopa-induced dyskinesia development was investigated by in vivo silencing of Shp-2 in the striatum of the 6-hydroxy-dopamine rat model of PD. METHODS Lentiviral particles delivering short hairpin RNA were used to obtain long-term striatal Shp-2 downregulation. Rats were then treated with l-dopa and analyzed for both the improvement of akinesia and the development of l-dopa-induced dyskinesia. RESULTS The results show that Shp-2 knockdown remarkably decreased extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 phosphorylation and attenuated the severity of l-dopa-induced dyskinesia likely without compromising the therapeutic efficacy of l-dopa. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the striatal D1 receptor/Shp-2 complex may represent a promising novel target for the development of antidyskinetic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fiorentini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Savoia
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daria Savoldi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Bono
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Busi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Barbon
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cristina Missale
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Song L, Zhang Z, Hu R, Cheng J, Li L, Fan Q, Wu N, Gan J, Zhou M, Liu Z. Targeting the D1-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex reduces L-dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson's rats. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:547-55. [PMID: 26893543 PMCID: PMC4745842 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s93487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) remains the most effective therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its long-term administration is associated with the development of debilitating motor complications known as l-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). Enhanced function of dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is believed to participate in the pathogenesis of LID. Given the existence of physical and functional interactions between D1R and NMDAR, we explored the effects of uncoupling D1R and NMDA GluN1 (GluN1) interaction on LID by using the Tat-conjugated interfering peptide (Tat-D1-t2). In this study, we demonstrated in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned PD rat model that intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1-t2 alleviated dyskinetic behaviors and downregulated the phosphorylation of DARPP-32 at Thr34 induced by levodopa. Moreover, we also showed intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1-t2 elicited alterations in membranous GluN1 and D1R expression. These findings indicate that D1R/GluN1 complexes may be a molecular target with therapeutic potential for the treatment of dyskinesia in Parkinson’s patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Song
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanzhao Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongguo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyi Fan
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Gan
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Indirubin-3-Oxime Effectively Prevents 6OHDA-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells via Activating MEF2D Through the Inhibition of GSK3β. J Mol Neurosci 2015; 57:561-70. [PMID: 26346600 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0638-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Indirubin-3-oxime (I3O), a synthetic derivative of indirubin, was originally designed as potent inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) for leukemia therapy. In the current study, we have shown, for the first time, that I3O prevented 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA)-induced neuronal apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation in PC12 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. GSK3β inhibitors but not CDK5 inhibitors reduced the neurotoxicity induced by 6OHDA. Moreover, the activation of GSK3β was observed after 6OHDA treatment. Furthermore, 6OHDA substantially decreased the transcriptional activity of myocyte enhancer factor 2D (MEF2D), a transcription factor that plays an important role in dopaminergic neuron survival, and reduced nuclear localized MEF2D expression. Interestingly, indirubin-3-oxime and GSK3β inhibitors prevented 6OHDA-induced dysregulation of MEF2D. In addition, short hairpin RNA-mediated decrease of MEF2D expression significantly abolished the neuroprotective effects of indirubin-3-oxime. Collectively, our results strongly suggested that indirubin-3-oxime prevented 6OHDA-induced neurotoxicity via activating MEF2D, possibly through the inhibition of GSK3β. In view of the capability of indirubin-3-oxime to cross the blood-brain barrier, our findings further indicated that indirubin-3-oxime might be a novel drug candidate for neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease in particular.
Collapse
|
20
|
Schaeffer E, Pilotto A, Berg D. Pharmacological strategies for the management of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson's disease. CNS Drugs 2014; 28:1155-84. [PMID: 25342080 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-014-0205-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
L-Dopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) are the most common adverse effects of long-term dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the exact mechanisms underlying dyskinesia are still unclear. For a long time, nigrostriatal degeneration and pulsatile stimulation of striatal postsynaptic receptors have been highlighted as the key factors for the development of LID. In recent years, PD models have revealed a wide range of non-dopaminergic neurotransmitter systems involved in pre- and postsynaptic changes and thereby contributing to the pathophysiology of LID. In the current review, we focus on therapeutic LID targets, mainly based on agents acting on dopaminergic, glutamatergic, serotoninergic, adrenergic, and cholinergic systems. Despite a large number of clinical trials, currently only amantadine and, to a lesser extent, clozapine are being used as effective strategies in the treatment of LID in clinical settings. Thus, in the second part of the article, we review the placebo-controlled trials on LID treatment in order to disentangle the changing scenario of drug development. Promising results include the extension of L-dopa action without inducing LID of the novel monoamine oxidase B- and glutamate-release inhibitor safinamide; however, this had no obvious effect on existing LID. Others, like the metabotropic glutamate-receptor antagonist AFQ056, showed promising results in some of the studies; however, confirmation is still lacking. Thus, to date, strategies of continuous dopaminergic stimulation seem the most promising to prevent or ameliorate LID. The success of future therapeutic strategies once moderate to severe LID occur will depend on the translation from preclinical experimental models into clinical practice in a bidirectional process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Schaeffer
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mechanisms of dopamine D1 receptor-mediated ERK1/2 activation in the parkinsonian striatum and their modulation by metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5. J Neurosci 2014; 34:4728-40. [PMID: 24672017 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2702-13.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In animal models of Parkinson's disease, striatal overactivation of ERK1/2 via dopamine (DA) D1 receptors is the hallmark of a supersensitive molecular response associated with dyskinetic behaviors. Here we investigate the pathways involved in D1 receptor-dependent ERK1/2 activation using acute striatal slices from rodents with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions. Application of the dopamine D1-like receptor agonist SKF38393 induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and downstream signaling in the DA-denervated but not the intact striatum. This response was mediated through a canonical D1R/PKA/MEK1/2 pathway and independent of ionotropic glutamate receptors but blocked by antagonists of L-type calcium channels. Coapplication of an antagonist of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5) or its downstream signaling molecules (PLC, PKC, IP3 receptors) markedly attenuated SKF38393-induced ERK1/2 activation. The role of striatal mGluR5 in D1-dependent ERK1/2 activation was confirmed in vivo in 6-OHDA-lesioned animals treated systemically with SKF38393. In one experiment, local infusion of the mGluR5 antagonist MTEP in the DA-denervated rat striatum attenuated the activation of ERK1/2 signaling by SKF38393. In another experiment, 6-OHDA lesions were applied to transgenic mice with a cell-specific knockdown of mGluR5 in D1 receptor-expressing neurons. These mice showed a blunted striatal ERK1/2 activation in response to SFK38393 treatment. Our results reveal that D1-dependent ERK1/2 activation in the DA-denervated striatum depends on a complex interaction between PKA- and Ca(2+)-dependent signaling pathways that is critically modulated by striatal mGluR5.
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang J, Saur T, Duke AN, Grant SGN, Platt DM, Rowlett JK, Isacson O, Yao WD. Motor impairments, striatal degeneration, and altered dopamine-glutamate interplay in mice lacking PSD-95. J Neurogenet 2014; 28:98-111. [PMID: 24702501 DOI: 10.3109/01677063.2014.892486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Excessive activation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) mediate neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration under many neurological conditions, including Huntington's disease (HD), an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease characterized by the preferential loss of medium spiny projection neurons (MSNs) in the striatum. PSD-95 is a major scaffolding protein in the postsynaptic density (PSD) of dendritic spines, where a classical role for PSD-95 is to stabilize glutamate receptors at sites of synaptic transmission. Our recent studies indicate that PSD-95 also interacts with the D1 DA receptor localized in spines and negatively regulates spine D1 signaling. Moreover, PSD-95 forms ternary protein complexes with D1 and NMDA receptors, and plays a role in limiting the reciprocal potentiation between both receptors from being escalated. These studies suggest a neuroprotective role for PSD-95. Here we show that mice lacking PSD-95, resulting from genetic deletion of the GK domain of PSD-95 (PSD-95-ΔGK mice), sporadically develop progressive neurological impairments characterized by hypolocomotion, limb clasping, and loss of DARPP-32-positive MSNs. Electrophysiological experiments indicated that NMDA receptors in mutant MSNs were overactive, suggested by larger, NMDA receptor-mediated miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) and higher ratios of NMDA- to AMPA-mediated corticostriatal synaptic transmission. In addition, NMDA receptor currents in mutant cortical neurons were more sensitive to potentiation by the D1 receptor agonist SKF81297. Finally, repeated administration of the psychostimulant cocaine at a dose regimen not producing overt toxicity-related phenotypes in normal mice reliably converted asymptomatic mutant mice to clasping symptomatic mice. These results support the hypothesis that deletion of PSD-95 in mutant mice produces concomitant overactivation of both D1 and NMDA receptors that makes neurons more susceptible to NMDA excitotoxicity, causing neuronal damage and neurological impairments. Understanding PSD-95-dependent neuroprotective mechanisms may help elucidate processes underlying neurodegeneration in HD and other neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Zhang
- New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School , Southborough, Massachusetts , USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Majláth Z, Vécsei L. NMDA antagonists as Parkinson’s disease therapy: disseminating the evidence. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2014; 4:23-30. [DOI: 10.2217/nmt.13.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Oral levodopa is the current baseline therapy in the management of Parkinson’s disease, but nonmotor complications and therapy-related dyskinesias pose an important challenge for clinicians. Glutamate receptors have been implicated in the neurodegenerative process of Parkinson’s disease and also in the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesias. This article discusses the role of NMDA receptors in Parkinson’s disease and their modulation as a possible therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Majláth
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, Semmelweis utca 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- Neuroscience Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences & University of Szeged, Semmelweis utca 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yan J, Sun J, Huang L, Fu Q, Du G. Simvastatin prevents neuroinflammation by inhibiting N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 1 in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated PC12 cells. J Neurosci Res 2014; 92:634-40. [PMID: 24482148 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Yan
- Department of Neurology; The First Affiliated Hospital of He Nan University of Science and Technology; Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Jiachun Sun
- Department of Oncology; The First Affiliated Hospital of He Nan University of Science and Technology; Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Huang
- Department of Neurology; The First Affiliated Hospital of He Nan University of Science and Technology; Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhi Fu
- Department of Neurology; The First Affiliated Hospital of He Nan University of Science and Technology; Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Ganqin Du
- Department of Neurology; The First Affiliated Hospital of He Nan University of Science and Technology; Henan People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Niccolini F, Loane C, Politis M. Dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: views from positron emission tomography studies. Eur J Neurol 2014; 21:694-9, e39-43. [PMID: 24471508 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) and graft-induced dyskinesias (GIDs) are serious and common complications of Parkinson's disease (PD) management following chronic treatment with levodopa or intrastriatal transplantation with dopamine-rich foetal ventral mesencephalic tissue, respectively. Positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging provides a powerful in vivo tool that has been employed over the past 20 years for the elucidation of mechanisms underlying the development of LIDs and GIDs in PD patients. PET used together with radioligands tagging molecular targets has allowed the functional investigation of several systems in the brain including the dopaminergic, serotonergic, glutamatergic, opioid, endocannabinoid, noradrenergic and cholinergic systems. In this article the role of PET imaging in unveiling pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of LIDs and GIDs in PD patients is reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Niccolini
- Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK; Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Morin N, Jourdain VA, Morissette M, Grégoire L, Di Paolo T. Long-term treatment with l-DOPA and an mGlu5 receptor antagonist prevents changes in brain basal ganglia dopamine receptors, their associated signaling proteins and neuropeptides in parkinsonian monkeys. Neuropharmacology 2014; 79:688-706. [PMID: 24456747 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Brain glutamate overactivity is well documented in Parkinson's disease (PD) and antiglutamatergic drugs decrease L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA)-induced dyskinesias (LID); the implication of dopamine neurotransmission is not documented in this anti-LID activity. Therefore, we evaluated changes of dopamine receptors, their associated signaling proteins and neuropeptides mRNA, in normal control monkeys, in saline-treated 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned monkeys and in L-DOPA-treated MPTP monkeys, without or with an adjunct treatment to reduce the development of LID: 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP), the prototypal metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGlu5) receptor antagonist. All de novo treatments were administered for 1 month and the animals were sacrificed thereafter. MPTP monkeys treated with l-DOPA + MPEP developed significantly less LID than MPTP monkeys treated with l-DOPA alone. [(3)H]SCH-23390 specific binding to D1 receptors of all MPTP monkeys was decreased as compared to controls in the basal ganglia and no difference was observed between all MPTP groups, while striatal D1 receptor mRNA levels remained unchanged. [(3)H]raclopride specific binding to striatal D2 receptors and mRNA levels of D2 receptors were increased in MPTP monkeys compared to controls; l-DOPA treatment reduced this binding in MPTP monkeys while it remained elevated with the l-DOPA + MPEP treatment. Striatal [(3)H]raclopride specific binding correlated positively with D2 receptor mRNA levels of all MPTP-lesioned monkeys. Striatal preproenkephalin/preprodynorphin mRNA levels and phosphorylated ERK1/2 and Akt/GSK3β levels increased only in L-DOPA-treated MPTP monkeys as compared to controls, saline treated-MPTP and l-DOPA + MPEP treated MPTP monkeys. Hence, reduction of development of LID with MPEP was associated with changes in D2 receptors, their associated signaling proteins and neuropeptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Morin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City G1K 7P4, Canada; Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Quebec City G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Vincent A Jourdain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City G1K 7P4, Canada; Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Quebec City G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Marc Morissette
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Quebec City G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Laurent Grégoire
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Quebec City G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Thérèse Di Paolo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City G1K 7P4, Canada; Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Quebec City G1V 4G2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gan J, Qi C, Mao LM, Liu Z. Changes in surface expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the striatum in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:165-73. [PMID: 24465126 PMCID: PMC3900317 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s51559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play a central role in glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the mammalian brain and are linked to the pathophysiology and symptomatology of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, changes in NMDA receptor expression in distinct subcellular compartments in PD have not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated changes in subcellular expression of NMDA receptors in striatal neurons in a rodent PD model. METHODS Intracranial injection of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was selectively lesioned into the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway in adult Sprague Dawley rats, which is a common rat model of PD. A surface receptor crosslinking assay was conducted to examine the response of individual NMDA receptor subunits to dopamine depletion in isolated and confined surface and intracellular compartments of striatal neurons. RESULTS In PD rats where 6-OHDA was selectively lesioned, surface expression of NMDA receptor GluN1 subunits as detected by surface protein crosslinking assays was increased in the striatum. In contrast, intracellular levels of GluN1 were decreased in the lesioned region. The NMDA receptor GluN2B subunit was elevated in its abundance in the surface pool of the lesioned striatum, while intracellular GluN2B levels were not altered. GluN2A subunits in both surface and intracellular fractions remained stable. In addition, total cellular levels of striatal GluN1 and GluN2A were not changed in lesioned tissue, while total GluN2B proteins showed an increase. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate the differential sensitivity of principal NMDA receptor subunits to dopamine depletion. GluN1 and GluN2B expression in the distinct surface compartment underwent upregulation in striatal neurons after selective lesions of the dopaminergic pathway by 6-OHDA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gan
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Qi
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Min Mao
- Department of Basic Medical Science, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cahill E, Salery M, Vanhoutte P, Caboche J. Convergence of dopamine and glutamate signaling onto striatal ERK activation in response to drugs of abuse. Front Pharmacol 2014; 4:172. [PMID: 24409148 PMCID: PMC3884214 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their distinct targets, all addictive drugs commonly abused by humans evoke increases in dopamine (DA) concentration within the striatum. The main DA Guanine nucleotide binding protein couple receptors (GPCRs) expressed by medium-sized spiny neurons of the striatum are the D1R and D2R, which are positively and negatively coupled to cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling, respectively. These two DA GPCRs are largely segregated into distinct neuronal populations, where they are co-expressed with glutamate receptors in dendritic spines. Direct and indirect interactions between DA GPCRs and glutamate receptors are the molecular basis by which DA modulates glutamate transmission and controls striatal plasticity and behavior induced by drugs of abuse. A major downstream target of striatal D1R is the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase pathway. ERK activation by drugs of abuse behaves as a key integrator of D1R and glutamate NMDAR signaling. Once activated, ERK can trigger chromatin remodeling and induce gene expression that permits long-term cellular alterations and drug-induced morphological and behavioral changes. Besides the classical cAMP/PKA pathway, downstream of D1R, recent evidence implicates a cAMP-independent crosstalk mechanism by which the D1R potentiates NMDAR-mediated calcium influx and ERK activation. The mounting evidence of reciprocal modulation of DA and glutamate receptors adds further intricacy to striatal synaptic signaling and is liable to prove relevant for addictive drug-induced signaling, plasticity, and behavior. Herein, we review the evidence that built our understanding of the consequences of this synergistic signaling for the actions of drugs of abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Cahill
- UMRS 952, INSERM, Physiopathologie des Maladies du Système Nerveux Central Paris, France ; UMR7224, CNRS, Physiopathologie des Maladies du Système Nerveux Central Paris, France ; University Pierre and Marie Curie-Paris 6 Paris, France
| | - Marine Salery
- UMRS 952, INSERM, Physiopathologie des Maladies du Système Nerveux Central Paris, France ; UMR7224, CNRS, Physiopathologie des Maladies du Système Nerveux Central Paris, France ; University Pierre and Marie Curie-Paris 6 Paris, France
| | - Peter Vanhoutte
- UMRS 952, INSERM, Physiopathologie des Maladies du Système Nerveux Central Paris, France ; UMR7224, CNRS, Physiopathologie des Maladies du Système Nerveux Central Paris, France ; University Pierre and Marie Curie-Paris 6 Paris, France
| | - Jocelyne Caboche
- UMRS 952, INSERM, Physiopathologie des Maladies du Système Nerveux Central Paris, France ; UMR7224, CNRS, Physiopathologie des Maladies du Système Nerveux Central Paris, France ; University Pierre and Marie Curie-Paris 6 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bastide MF, Dovero S, Charron G, Porras G, Gross CE, Fernagut PO, Bézard E. Immediate-early gene expression in structures outside the basal ganglia is associated to l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Neurobiol Dis 2013; 62:179-92. [PMID: 24103779 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD) leads to l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), a condition thought to primarily involve the dopamine D1 receptor-expressing striatal medium spiny neurons. Activation of the D1 receptor results in increased expression of several molecular markers, in particular the members of the immediate-early gene (IEG) family, a class of genes rapidly transcribed in response to an external stimulus. However, several dopaminoceptive structures in the brain that are likely to be affected by the exogenously produced DA have received little attention although they might play a key role in mediating those l-DOPA-induced abnormal behaviours. ΔFosB, ARC, FRA2 and Zif268 IEGs expression patterns were thus characterised, using unbiased stereological methods, in the whole brain of dyskinetic and non-dyskinetic rats to identify brain nuclei displaying a transcriptional response specifically related to LID. Within the basal ganglia, the striatum and the substantia nigra pars reticulata showed an increased expression of all four IEGs in dyskinetic compared to non-dyskinetic rats. Outside the basal ganglia, there was a striking increased expression of the four IEGs in the motor cortex, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the dorsal hippocampus, the pontine nuclei, the cuneiform nucleus and the pedunculopontine nuclei. Moreover, the zona incerta and the lateral habenula displayed an overexpression of ΔFosB, ARC and Zif268. Among these structures, the IEG expression in the striatum, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the lateral habenula, the pontine nuclei and the cuneiform nucleus correlate with LID severity. These results illustrate a global transcriptional response to a dyskinetic state in the whole brain suggesting the possible involvement of these structures in LID.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu F Bastide
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandra Dovero
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Giselle Charron
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Gregory Porras
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Christian E Gross
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Fernagut
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Erwan Bézard
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nevalainen N, Lundblad M, Gerhardt GA, Strömberg I. Striatal glutamate release in L-DOPA-induced dyskinetic animals. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55706. [PMID: 23390548 PMCID: PMC3563586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia is a common side effect developed after chronic treatment with 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (l-DOPA) in Parkinson's disease. The biological mechanisms behind this side effect are not fully comprehended although involvement of dopaminergic, serotonergic, and glutamatergic systems has been suggested. The present study utilizes in vivo amperometry to investigate the impact from unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions and l-DOPA (4 mg/kg, including benserazide 15 mg/kg) -induced dyskinetic behavior on striatal basal extracellular glutamate concentration and potassium-evoked glutamate release in urethane-anesthetized rats. Recordings were performed before and after local L-DOPA application in the striatum. In addition, effects from the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist (2R)-(+)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin hydrobromide (8-OHDPAT; 1 mg/kg) was assessed on glutamate release and on dyskinetic behavior. The results revealed a bilateral ≈ 30% reduction of basal extracellular glutamate concentration and attenuated potassium-evoked glutamate release after a unilateral dopamine-depletion in L-DOPA naïve animals. In dyskinetic subjects, basal glutamate concentration was comparable to normal controls, although potassium-evoked glutamate release was reduced to similar levels as in drug naïve dopamine-lesioned animals. Furthermore, acute striatal L-DOPA administration attenuated glutamate release in all groups, except in the dopamine-lesioned striatum of dyskinetic animals. Co-administration of 8-OHDPAT and L-DOPA decreased dyskinesia in dopamine-lesioned animals, but did not affect potassium-evoked glutamate release, which was seen in normal animals. These findings indicate altered glutamate transmission upon dopamine-depletion and dyskinesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Lundblad
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Neuroscience Section, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Greg A. Gerhardt
- Anatomy, Neurobiology, and Neurology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Ingrid Strömberg
- Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fiorentini C, Savoia P, Savoldi D, Barbon A, Missale C. Persistent activation of the D1R/Shp-2/Erk1/2 pathway in l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the 6-hydroxy-dopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2013; 54:339-48. [PMID: 23328768 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) administration, the gold standard therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with serious motor complications, known as l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). One of the major molecular changes associated with LID is the increased activity of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (Erk1/2) signaling in the medium spiny neurons of the striatum induced by malfunctioning in the dopamine D1 receptor (D1R)-mediated transmission. We have previously established that in the striatum, activation of Shp-2, an intracellular tyrosine phosphatase associated with the D1R, is a requisite for the D1R to activate Erk1/2. In this study, we investigated the role of striatal D1R/Shp-2 complex in the molecular event underlying LID in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of PD. We found that in hemiparkinsonian rats experiencing LID, the physiological interaction between D1R and Shp-2 in the striatum was preserved. In these animals, the chronic activation of D1R either by l-DOPA or by the selective D1R agonist SKF 38393 induced both dyskinesia and Shp-2/Erk1/2 activation. These effects were prevented by the selective D1R-antagonist SCH23390 suggesting the involvement of striatal D1R/Shp-2 complex, via Erk1/2 activation, in the molecular events underlying LID. Interestingly, we found that D1R-mediated Shp-2-Erk1/2 activation was persistently detected in the striatum of dyskinetic rats during l-DOPA washout, with a close correlation between LID severity and the extent of long term activation of both Shp-2 and Erk1/2. Taken together, our data show that in hemiparkinsonian rats developing dyskinesia, the aberrant phosphorylation of Shp-2 by D1R activation, represents an upstream molecular event leading to the persistent phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and therefore a novel therapeutic target to counteract LID development and maintenance during l-DOPA therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fiorentini
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology and National Institute of Neuroscience, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Porras G, Berthet A, Dehay B, Li Q, Ladepeche L, Normand E, Dovero S, Martinez A, Doudnikoff E, Martin-Négrier ML, Chuan Q, Bloch B, Choquet D, Boué-Grabot E, Groc L, Bezard E. PSD-95 expression controls L-DOPA dyskinesia through dopamine D1 receptor trafficking. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:3977-89. [PMID: 23041629 DOI: 10.1172/jci59426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), a detrimental consequence of dopamine replacement therapy for Parkinson's disease, is associated with an alteration in dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) and glutamate receptor interactions. We hypothesized that the synaptic scaffolding protein PSD-95 plays a pivotal role in this process, as it interacts with D1R, regulates its trafficking and function, and is overexpressed in LID. Here, we demonstrate in rat and macaque models that disrupting the interaction between D1R and PSD-95 in the striatum reduces LID development and severity. Single quantum dot imaging revealed that this benefit was achieved primarily by destabilizing D1R localization, via increased lateral diffusion followed by increased internalization and diminished surface expression. These findings indicate that altering D1R trafficking via synapse-associated scaffolding proteins may be useful in the treatment of dyskinesia in Parkinson's patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Porras
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Clinical aspects and management of levodopa-induced dyskinesia. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2012; 2012:745947. [PMID: 22701811 PMCID: PMC3372050 DOI: 10.1155/2012/745947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease, one of the most troublesome dilemmas is the treatment of levodopa-induced dyskinesia. After a few years, chronic treatment with levodopa is associated with the development of dyskinesias. Strategies to delay or to reduce dyskinesias are based on the change of levodopa dosing or the early use of dopamine agonists. Dopamine agonists with different pharmacological profile are available. Our paper was aimed to analyse the clinical impact and the management of dyskinesias with dopamine agonists.
Collapse
|
34
|
Corticostriatal Plastic Changes in Experimental L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2012; 2012:358176. [PMID: 22666628 PMCID: PMC3359773 DOI: 10.1155/2012/358176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), alteration of dopamine- (DA-) dependent striatal functions and pulsatile stimulation of DA receptors caused by the discontinuous administration of levodopa (L-DOPA) lead to a complex cascade of events affecting the postsynaptic striatal neurons that might account for the appearance of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). Experimental models of LID have been widely used and extensively characterized in rodents and electrophysiological studies provided remarkable insights into the inner mechanisms underlying L-DOPA-induced corticostriatal plastic changes. Here we provide an overview of recent findings that represent a further step into the comprehension of mechanisms underlying maladaptive changes of basal ganglia functions in response to L-DOPA and associated to development of LID.
Collapse
|
35
|
Sgambato-Faure V, Cenci MA. Glutamatergic mechanisms in the dyskinesias induced by pharmacological dopamine replacement and deep brain stimulation for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2012; 96:69-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
36
|
Errico F, Bonito-Oliva A, Bagetta V, Vitucci D, Romano R, Zianni E, Napolitano F, Marinucci S, Di Luca M, Calabresi P, Fisone G, Carta M, Picconi B, Gardoni F, Usiello A. Higher free d-aspartate and N-methyl-d-aspartate levels prevent striatal depotentiation and anticipate l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Exp Neurol 2011; 232:240-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
37
|
Iravani MM, Jenner P. Mechanisms underlying the onset and expression of levodopa-induced dyskinesia and their pharmacological manipulation. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2011; 118:1661-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-011-0698-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
38
|
Murer MG, Moratalla R. Striatal Signaling in L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia: Common Mechanisms with Drug Abuse and Long Term Memory Involving D1 Dopamine Receptor Stimulation. Front Neuroanat 2011; 5:51. [PMID: 21886608 PMCID: PMC3154293 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2011.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder caused by the degeneration of midbrain substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons that project to the striatum. Despite extensive investigation aimed at finding new therapeutic approaches, the dopamine precursor molecule, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (l-DOPA), remains the most effective and commonly used treatment. However, chronic treatment and disease progression lead to changes in the brain’s response to l-DOPA, resulting in decreased therapeutic effect and the appearance of dyskinesias. l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) interferes significantly with normal motor activity and persists unless l-DOPA dosages are reduced to below therapeutic levels. Thus, controlling LID is one of the major challenges in Parkinson’s disease therapy. LID is the result of intermittent stimulation of supersensitive D1 dopamine receptors located in the very severely denervated striatal neurons. Through increased coupling to Gαolf, resulting in greater stimulation of adenylyl-cyclase, D1 receptors phosphorylate DARPP-32, and other protein kinase A targets. Moreover, D1 receptor stimulation activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase and triggers a signaling pathway involving mammalian target for rapamycin and modifications of histones that results in changes in translation, chromatin modification, and gene transcription. In turn, sensitization of D1 receptor signaling causes a widespread increase in the metabolic response to D1 agonists and changes in the activity of basal ganglia neurons that correlate with the severity of LID. Importantly, different studies suggest that dyskinesias may share mechanisms with drug abuse and long term memory involving D1 receptor activation. Here we review evidence implicating D1 receptor signaling in the genesis of LID, analyze mechanisms that may translate enhanced D1 signaling into dyskinetic movements, and discuss the possibility that the mechanisms underlying LID are not unique to the Parkinson’s disease brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Gustavo Murer
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yan J, Xu Y, Zhu C, Zhang L, Wu A, Yang Y, Xiong Z, Deng C, Huang XF, Yenari MA, Yang YG, Ying W, Wang Q. Simvastatin prevents dopaminergic neurodegeneration in experimental parkinsonian models: the association with anti-inflammatory responses. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20945. [PMID: 21731633 PMCID: PMC3120752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to their original applications to lowering cholesterol, statins display multiple neuroprotective effects. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors interact closely with the dopaminergic system and are strongly implicated in therapeutic paradigms of Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aims to investigate how simvastatin impacts on experimental parkinsonian models via regulating NMDA receptors. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Regional changes in NMDA receptors in the rat brain and anxiolytic-like activity were examined after unilateral medial forebrain bundle lesion by 6-hydroxydopamine via a 3-week administration of simvastatin. NMDA receptor alterations in the post-mortem rat brain were detected by [³H]MK-801(Dizocilpine) binding autoradiography. 6-hydroxydopamine treated PC12 was applied to investigate the neuroprotection of simvastatin, the association with NMDA receptors, and the anti-inflammation. 6-hydroxydopamine induced anxiety and the downregulation of NMDA receptors in the hippocampus, CA1(Cornu Ammonis 1 Area), amygdala and caudate putamen was observed in 6-OHDA(6-hydroxydopamine) lesioned rats whereas simvastatin significantly ameliorated the anxiety-like activity and restored the expression of NMDA receptors in examined brain regions. Significant positive correlations were identified between anxiolytic-like activity and the restoration of expression of NMDA receptors in the hippocampus, amygdala and CA1 following simvastatin administration. Simvastatin exerted neuroprotection in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat brain and 6-hydroxydopamine treated PC12, partially by regulating NMDA receptors, MMP9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9), and TNF-a (tumour necrosis factor-alpha). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our results provide strong evidence that NMDA receptor modulation after simvastatin treatment could partially explain its anxiolytic-like activity and anti-inflammatory mechanisms in experimental parkinsonian models. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the critical roles of simvastatin in treating PD via NMDA receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunqi Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cansheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojun Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Deng
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Midori A. Yenari
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco and the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Yuan-Guo Yang
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihai Ying
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Missale C, Fiorentini C, Collo G, Spano P. The neurobiology of dopamine receptors: evolution from the dual concept to heterodimer complexes. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2011; 30:347-54. [PMID: 20684667 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2010.506192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been classically thought to work as monomeric entities. The current view of their organization, however, assumes that they are part of highly organized molecular complexes, where different receptors and interacting proteins are clustered. These heteromers have peculiar pharmacological, signaling, and trafficking properties. GPCR heteromerization, raising different combinatorial possibilities, thus underlies an unexpected level of diversity within this receptor family. METHODS In this paper, we summarize recent data, reported by different research groups, suggesting that the dopamine (DA) D1 receptor forms heteromers with receptors of the same family and with structurally and functionally divergent receptors. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION DA D1 and D3 receptors and glutamate NMDA receptors regulate rewarding mechanisms and motivated behavior, modulate emotional and cognitive processes and regulate locomotor activity by extensive cross-talk mechanisms. Co-localization of D1 and D3 receptors and D1 and NMDA receptors in specific neuronal populations in the striatum and nucleus accumbens, moreover, suggested that their cross-talk may involve direct interactions. By using different experimental approaches various groups have, in fact, demonstrated the existence of D1-NMDA and D1-D3 heteromers, in both transfected cell systems and in the straitum, with peculiar pharmacological, signaling, and functional properties. The putative role of the D1-D3 and D1-NMDA heteromers in the physiological regulation of striatal function and in the development of motor dysfunctions will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Missale
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnologies and Italian Institute of Neurosceince, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Associative learning and CA3-CA1 synaptic plasticity are impaired in D1R null, Drd1a-/- mice and in hippocampal siRNA silenced Drd1a mice. J Neurosci 2010; 30:12288-300. [PMID: 20844125 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2655-10.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Associative learning depends on multiple cortical and subcortical structures, including striatum, hippocampus, and amygdala. Both glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurotransmitter systems have been implicated in learning and memory consolidation. While the role of glutamate is well established, the role of dopamine and its receptors in these processes is less clear. In this study, we used two models of dopamine D(1) receptor (D(1)R, Drd1a) loss, D(1)R knock-out mice (Drd1a(-/-)) and mice with intrahippocampal injections of Drd1a-siRNA (small interfering RNA), to study the role of D(1)R in different models of learning, hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and associated gene expression. D(1)R loss markedly reduced spatial learning, fear learning, and classical conditioning of the eyelid response, as well as the associated activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal CA1-CA3 synapse. These results provide the first experimental demonstration that D(1)R is required for trace eyeblink conditioning and associated changes in synaptic strength in hippocampus of behaving mice. Drd1a-siRNA mice were indistinguishable from Drd1a(-/-) mice in all experiments, indicating that hippocampal knockdown was as effective as global inactivation and that the observed effects are caused by loss of D(1)R and not by indirect developmental effects of Drd1a(-/-). Finally, in vivo LTP and LTP-induced expression of Egr1 in the hippocampus were significantly reduced in Drd1a(-/-) and Drd1a-siRNA, indicating an important role for D(1)R in these processes. Our data reveal a functional relationship between acquisition of associative learning, increase in synaptic strength at the CA3-CA1 synapse, and Egr1 induction in the hippocampus by demonstrating that all three are dramatically impaired when D(1)R is eliminated or reduced.
Collapse
|
43
|
Nord M, Zsigmond P, Kullman A, Arstrand K, Dizdar N. The effect of peripheral enzyme inhibitors on levodopa concentrations in blood and CSF. Mov Disord 2010; 25:363-7. [PMID: 20077469 DOI: 10.1002/mds.22613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Levodopa combined with a dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor, such as carbidopa, shifts the metabolism to the COMT pathway. Adding the peripheral acting COMT inhibitor entacapone provides improvement for patients with PD suffering from motor fluctuations. We studied the effects of the enzyme inhibitors entacapone and carbidopa on the levodopa concentrations in CSF and in blood. Five PD patients with wearing-off underwent lumbar drainage and intravenous microdialysis. Samples were taken 12 h daily for 3 days. Day 1; intravenous levodopa was given, day 2; additional oral entacapone 200 mg tid, day 3; additional oral entacapone 200 mg tid and carbidopa 25 mg bid. Levodopa in CSF and in dialysates was analysed. The AUC for levodopa increased both in blood and CSF when additional entacapone was given alone and in combination with carbidopa. The C(max) of levodopa in both CSF and blood increased significantly. Additional entacapone to levodopa therapy gives an increase of C(max) in CSF and in blood. The increase is more evident when entacapone is combined with carbidopa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nord
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Stefani A, Pierantozzi M, Koch G, Galati S, Stanzione P. Therapy for dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease patients. FUTURE NEUROLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.2217/fnl.10.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Dyskinesia hampers the quality of life for most Parkinson’s disease patients following several years of therapy. However, the severity of L-Dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) varies between patients, being quite tolerable in late-onset patients. Understanding the pathogenesis of LID has contributed to the development of a set of therapeutic strategies, including the choice, in early stages, of the least pulsatile regimen of dopamine-receptor activation. In cases where LIDs are already disabling, there is only a limited number of options: the optimization of ongoing DOPA-centered treatment, the utilization of glutamate antagonists and the exploration of the benefits of antipsychotic agents. More radical solutions are provided by deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus (or internal pallidus). This approach has proved efficacious in reducing LID, largely because it allows a reduction in dopaminergic daily doses. Stereotactic neurosurgery has fuelled several lines of investigation regarding the crosstalk between the basal ganglia and motor cortex. Here, we will present interesting evidence highlighting the potential for repetitive transcranial stimulation in reducing the occurrence of LID. The future may disclose important new avenues for the treatment of LIDs, given the current development of promising agents that might target different facets of dyskinesia, such as the impairment of striatal plasticity and non-Dopaminergic contributors such as adenosine, nitric oxide and the nucleotide cascade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Stefani
- Movement Disorder Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Clinica Neurologica, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy and IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Pierantozzi
- Movement Disorder Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Clinica Neurologica, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy and IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Koch
- Movement Disorder Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Clinica Neurologica, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy and IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Galati
- Movement Disorder Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Clinica Neurologica, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy and IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Stanzione
- Movement Disorder Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Clinica Neurologica, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy and IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00173 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Silverdale MA, Kobylecki C, Hallett PJ, Li Q, Dunah AW, Ravenscroft P, Bezard E, Brotchie JM. Synaptic recruitment of AMPA glutamate receptor subunits in levodopa-induced dyskinesia in the MPTP-lesioned nonhuman primate. Synapse 2010; 64:177-80. [PMID: 19852073 DOI: 10.1002/syn.20739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monty A Silverdale
- Greater Manchester Neurosciences Centre, Salford Royal Hospital, Stott Lane, Salford, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Pollack AE, Thomas LI. D1 priming enhances both D1- and D2-mediated rotational behavior and striatal Fos expression in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2010; 94:346-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2009.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
47
|
Cenci MA, Konradi C. Maladaptive striatal plasticity in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2010; 183:209-33. [PMID: 20696322 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(10)83011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) replacement therapy with l-DOPA remains the most effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, but causes dyskinesia (abnormal involuntary movements) in the vast majority of the patients. The basic mechanisms of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) have become the object of intense research focusing on neurochemical and molecular adaptations in the striatum. Here we review this vast literature and highlight trends that converge into a unifying pathophysiological interpretation. We propose that the core molecular alteration of striatal neurons in LID consists in an inability to turn down supersensitive signaling responses downstream of DA D1 receptors (where supersensitivity is primarily caused by DA denervation). The sustained activation of intracellular signaling pathways induced by each dose of l-DOPA leads to abnormal cellular plasticity and high bioenergetic expenditure. The over-exploitation of signaling pathways and energy reserves during treatment impairs the ability of striatal neurons to dynamically gate cortically driven motor commands. LID thus exemplifies a disorder where 'too much' molecular plasticity leads to plasticity failure in the striatum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gardoni F, Ghiglieri V, Di Luca M, Calabresi P. Assemblies of glutamate receptor subunits with post-synaptic density proteins and their alterations in Parkinson's disease. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2010; 183:169-82. [PMID: 20696320 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(10)83009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors have been implicated as a mediator of neuronal injury associated with many neurological disorders including ischemia, epilepsy, brain trauma, dementia and neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease. To this, non-selective NMDA receptor antagonists have been tried and have been shown to be effective in many experimental animal models of disease, and some of these compounds have moved into clinical trials. However, the initial enthusiasm for this approach has waned, because the therapeutic index for most NMDA antagonists is quite poor, with significant adverse effects at clinically effective doses, thus limiting their utility. More recently, the concept that the exact pathways downstream NMDA receptor activation could represent a key variable element among neurological disorders has been put forward. In particular, variations in NMDA receptor subunit composition could be important in different disorders, both in the pathophysiological mechanisms of cell death and in the application of specific symptomatic therapies. As to PD, NMDA receptor complex has been shown to be altered in experimental models of parkinsonism and in PD in humans. Further, it has become increasingly evident that the NMDA receptor complex is intimately involved in the regulation of corticostriatal long-term potentiation, which is altered in experimental parkinsonism. The following sections will examine the modifications of specific NMDA receptor subunits as well as post-synaptic associated signalling complex including kinases and scaffolding proteins in experimental parkinsonism. These findings may allow the identification of specific molecular targets whose pharmacological or genetic manipulation might lead to innovative therapies for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Gardoni
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Fornai F, Biagioni F, Fulceri F, Murri L, Ruggieri S, Paparelli A. Intermittent Dopaminergic stimulation causes behavioral sensitization in the addicted brain and parkinsonism. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2009; 88:371-98. [PMID: 19897084 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(09)88013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The gold standard therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD) consists in chronic administration of pulses of the dopamine (DA) precursor l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA). Although the main brain area which is DA-deficient is the dorsal striatum (more the putamen than the caudate nucleus), other DA-innervated brain regions (i.e., the ventral striatum and other limbic areas) are affected by systemic administration of l-DOPA. While such a therapy produces an increase in synaptic and nonsynaptic DA, which replace the neurotransmitter deficiency, peaks of extracellular DA in the course of disease progression produce abnormal involuntary movements related to behavioral sensitization. Methamphetamine (METH), a widely abused drug, is known to produce behavioral sensitization, related to DA release (more in the ventral than dorsal striatum as well as other limbic regions). The present review discusses the overlapping between these treatments, based on pulses of DA stimulation with an emphasis on the class of DA receptors; signal transduction pathways; rearranged expression of neurotransmitters, cotransmitters, and their receptors coupled with ultrastructural changes. In fact, all these levels of synaptic plasticity show a surprising homology following these treatments, posing the mechanisms of behavioral sensitization during DA-replacement therapy in PD very close to the neurobiological mechanisms operating during METH abuse. In line with this view is the growing evidence of addictive behaviors in PD patients during the course of DA-replacement therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fornai
- Department of Human Morphology and Applied Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Munoz A, Li Q, Gardoni F, Marcello E, Qin C, Carlsson T, Kirik D, Di Luca M, Bjorklund A, Bezard E, Carta M. Combined 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptor agonists for the treatment of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Brain 2008; 131:3380-94. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awn235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|