1
|
Li G, Yan X. Long non-coding RNA GAS5 promotes cisplatin-chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells via microRNA-26b-5p/TP53INP1 axis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:890. [PMID: 37993867 PMCID: PMC10666340 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor. Cisplatin (DDP) achieves a high response rate in osteosarcoma. Here we aim to study the dysregulation of long non-coding RNA the growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5), and its roles in DDP-resistance of osteosarcoma. The expression of mRNA and microRNA in osteosarcoma tissues and osteosarcoma cell lines were detected by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and protein expression levels were measured by western blotting assay. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine were used to measure cell proliferation. Flow cytometer assay was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. The interactions between miR-26b-5p and GAS5 or tumor protein p53-induced nuclear protein 1 (TP53INP1) were verified by dual luciferase reporter along with biotin RNA pull-down assays. GAS5 was identified to be significantly lowly expressed in osteosarcoma samples especially in cisplatin-resistant (DDP-resistant) tissues. GAS5 was also downregulated in DDP-resistant cells. Over-expressed GAS5 prominently increased the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to DDP in vitro. Furthermore, over-expression of GAS5 suppressed cell proliferation and facilitated apoptosis of DDP-resistant cells. Mechanistically, GAS5 sponged miR-26b-5p, over-expression of which reversed the effects of GAS5 on cell proliferation and apoptosis of DDP-resistant cells. In addition, miR-26b-5p targeted TP53INP1. TP53INP1 abrogated the functions of miR-26b-5p on cell proliferation and apoptosis in DDP-resistant cells. Taken together, GAS5 enhanced the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to DDP via GAS5/miR-26b-5p/TP53INP1 axis. Therefore, GAS5 may be a potential indicator for the management of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning, China
| | - Xue Yan
- Respiration Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, No. 2, Section 5, Renmin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grossi I, Marchina E, De Petro G, Salvi A. The Biological Role and Translational Implications of the Long Non-Coding RNA GAS5 in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3318. [PMID: 37444428 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The lncRNA GAS5 plays a significant role in tumorigenicity and progression of breast cancer (BC). In this review, we first summarize the role of GAS5 in cell biology, focusing on its expression data in human normal tissues. We present data on GAS5 expression in human BC tissues, highlighting its downregulation in all major BC classes. The main findings regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying GAS5 dysregulation are discussed, including DNA hypermethylation of the CpG island located in the promoter region of the gene. We focused on the action of GAS5 as a miRNA sponge, which is able to sequester microRNAs and modulate the expression levels of their mRNA targets, particularly those involved in cell invasion, apoptosis, and drug response. In the second part, we highlight the translational implications of GAS5 in BC. We discuss the current knowledge on the role of GAS5 as candidate prognostic factor, a responsive molecular therapeutic target, and a circulating biomarker in liquid biopsies with clinical importance in BC. The findings position GAS5 as a promising druggable biomolecule and stimulate the development of strategies to restore its expression levels for novel therapeutic approaches that could benefit BC patients in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Grossi
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Marchina
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Petro
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Salvi
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hodeib H, El Amrousy D, Elaskary E, Hablas N, Youssef A, Abdelhai D. lncRNA GAS5 and RUNX1 Genes in Children With Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2023; 45:e395-e400. [PMID: 36731007 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the expression levels and the prognostic value of growth arrest specific 5 (GAS5) and runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) genes in children with ITP. This prospective cohort study included 100 patients with newly diagnosed ITP (patient group) and 100 healthy children of matched age and sex (control group). We evaluated the expression levels of both GAS5 and RUNX1 genes at the time of diagnosis before the introduction of treatment. GAS5 was under-expressed, while RUNX1 was over-expressed among the newly diagnosed ITP children compared with the control group. Patients with GAS5 levels >0.50 had a significantly faster recovery compared with patients with levels≤0.50 while patients with levels of RUNX1≤2.6 had a significantly faster recovery compared with patients with levels >2.6. The best cut-off values of GAS5 and RUNX1 to predict complete recovery of ITP were ˃0.40 and ˂3.18, respectively, yielding a sensitivity of 76.47% and 79.41%, respectively. The best cut-off values of GAS5 and RUNX1 expression that predict chronic ITP were ˂0.17 and ˃4.1, respectively, yielding sensitivity of 88.89% and 77.78%, respectively. GAS5 and RUNX1 could be useful markers in children with primary ITP to predict disease course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Doaa El Amrousy
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Eman Elaskary
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Nahed Hablas
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Akbarzadeh S, Tayefeh-Gholami S, Najari P, Rajabi A, Ghasemzadeh T, Hosseinpour Feizi M, Safaralizadeh R. The expression profile of HAR1A and HAR1B in the peripheral blood cells of multiple sclerosis patients. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2391-2398. [PMID: 36583781 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with varying degrees of axonal and neuronal damage. The onset and progression of the disease are influenced by several environmental and genetic variables. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a crucial role in the pathophysiology of MS. Our study aimed to assess the levels of HAR1A and HAR1B lncRNA expression in the blood samples of MS patients and investigate the relationship between these lncRNAs and disease activity. METHODS AND RESULTS The blood samples of 100 MS patients, including 82 relapsing-remitting (RR), 8 primary progressive (PP), and 10 secondary progressive (SP) MS cases, and 100 healthy controls were collected. Quantitative real-time PCR was used for the evaluation of gene expression. ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of lncRNA levels. A significant decrease was detected in HAR1A expressions (P < 0.0001), and a moderate increase was also shown in HAR1B of SPMS patients (P value = 0.0189). HAR1A showed different expression levels in patients over forty (P value = 0.034). The expression levels of HAR1A and HAR1B were positively correlated in MS patients (r = 0.2003, P value = 0.0457). In addition, ROC curve results suggested that HAR1A can be introduced as a novel biomarker for MS diagnosis (AUC = 0.776). CONCLUSION The low serum level of HAR1A may be a potential molecular biomarker for MS diagnosis; however, no discernible difference was detected in the expression level of HAR1B in the blood samples of MS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sama Akbarzadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Tayefeh-Gholami
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Najari
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Rajabi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tooraj Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee H, Kang H, Kim C, Ku JL, Nam S, Lee EK. Long Non-Coding RNA GAS5 Promotes BAX Expression by Competing with microRNA-128-3p in Response to 5-Fluorouracil. Biomedicines 2022; 11:biomedicines11010058. [PMID: 36672566 PMCID: PMC9856034 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of drug resistance is a major hurdle for effective cancer treatment. Although several efforts have been made to overcome drug resistance, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) in drug resistance. GAS5 was found to be downregulated in colon cancer cell lines that are resistant to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Downregulation of GAS5 decreased the viability of HCT116 cells and the level of the pro-apoptotic BAX protein, while GAS5 overexpression promoted cell death in response to 5-FU. The interaction between GAS5 and BAX mRNA was investigated using MS2-tagged RNA affinity purification (MS2-trap) followed by RT-qPCR, and the results showed that GAS5 bound to the 3'-untranslated region of BAX mRNA and enhanced its expression by interfering with the inhibitory effect of microRNA-128-3p, a negative regulator of BAX. In addition, ectopic expression of GAS5 increased the sensitivity of resistant cells in response to anti-cancer drugs. These results suggest that GAS5 promoted cell death by interfering with miR-128-3p-mediated BAX downregulation. Therefore, GAS5 overexpression in chemo-resistant cancer cells may be a potential strategy to improve the anti-cancer efficacy of drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoin Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Chongtae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Lok Ku
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukwoo Nam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3147-8335; Fax: +82-2-596-4435
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fu C, Qiu Z, Huang Y, Mei Y, Lin Q, Zeng J, Zhong W, Ma D. Protective role of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides against chondrocyte extracellular matrix degeneration through lncRNA GAS5 in osteoarthritis. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:532. [PMID: 35837034 PMCID: PMC9257974 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides (ABPS) is an active ingredient of the flowering plant Achyranthes bidentata that has been previously reported to be effective for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the underlying molecular mechanism remain to be fully clarified. Emerging studies have shown that the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) is involved in the pathogenesis of OA. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of ABPS by focusing on its effects on the regulation of chondrocyte extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis, with particular emphasis on lncRNA GAS5. In the present study, the modified Hulth method was used to construct OA rats, which were gavaged with 400 mg/kg ABPS for 8 weeks. Histopathological changes in cartilage and subchondral bone were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining and Safranin O-fast green staining. In in vitro experiments, IL-1β-treated chondrocytes were infected with Lenti-lncRNA GAS5. Fluorescence in situ hybridization assay was performed to measure the expression of the lncRNA GAS5 in chondrocytes. Moreover, the relative expression level of lncRNA GAS5 in cartilage tissue and chondrocytes was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Western blot analysis was used to detect protein expression levels of MMP-9, MMP-13, TIMP-1, TIMP-3 and type II collagen in cartilage tissue and chondrocytes. The results indicated that ABPS delayed the degradation of the ECM by chondrocytes in addition to reducing lncRNA GAS5 expression both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, silencing of lncRNA GAS5 expression in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes downregulated the protein expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13 whilst upregulating the expression of tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, TIMP-3 and type II collagen. To conclude, the present study provides evidence that ABPS can inhibit the expression of lncRNA GAS5 in chondrocytes to regulate the homeostasis of ECM, which in turn may delay the occurrence of cartilage degeneration during OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changlong Fu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Qiu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Huang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Mei
- Faculty of Nursing, Fujian Health College, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qing Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Zeng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Zhong
- Orthopedics Department, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| | - Dezun Ma
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xiang Z, Liqing Y, Qingqing Y, Qiang H, Hongbo C. Retard or exacerbate: Role of long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific 5 in the fibrosis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 67:89-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Tumor Suppressive Effects of GAS5 in Cancer Cells. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8030039. [PMID: 35736636 PMCID: PMC9228804 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play important regulatory roles in cellular processes. Growth arrests specific transcript 5 (GAS5) is a lncRNA that is highly expressed during the cell cycle arrest phase but is downregulated in actively growing cells. Growth arrests specific transcript 5 was discovered to be downregulated in several cancers, primarily solid tumors, and it is known as a tumor suppressor gene that regulates cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis via multiple molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, GAS5 polymorphism was found to affect GAS5 expression and functionality in a cell-specific manner. This review article focuses on GAS5’s tumor-suppressive effects in regulating oncogenic signaling pathways, cell cycle, apoptosis, tumor-associated genes, and treatment-resistant cells. We also discussed genetic polymorphisms of GAS5 and their association with cancer susceptibility.
Collapse
|
9
|
Crosstalk between Long Non Coding RNAs, microRNAs and DNA Damage Repair in Prostate Cancer: New Therapeutic Opportunities? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030755. [PMID: 35159022 PMCID: PMC8834032 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Non-coding RNAs are a type of genetic material that doesn’t make protein, but performs diverse regulatory functions. In prostate cancer, most treatments target proteins, and resistance to such therapies is common, leading to disease progression. Targeting non-coding RNAs may provide alterative treatment options and potentially overcome drug resistance. Major types of non-coding RNAs include tiny ‘microRNAs’ and much longer ‘long non-coding RNAs’. Scientific studies have shown that these form a major part of the human genome, and play key roles in altering gene activity and determining the fate of cells. Importantly, in cancer, their activity is altered. Recent evidence suggests that microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs play important roles in controlling response to DNA damage. In this review, we explore how different types of non-coding RNA interact to control cell DNA damage responses, and how this knowledge may be used to design better prostate cancer treatments and tests. Abstract It is increasingly appreciated that transcripts derived from non-coding parts of the human genome, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), are key regulators of biological processes both in normal physiology and disease. Their dysregulation during tumourigenesis has attracted significant interest in their exploitation as novel cancer therapeutics. Prostate cancer (PCa), as one of the most diagnosed malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related death in men, continues to pose a major public health problem. In particular, survival of men with metastatic disease is very poor. Defects in DNA damage response (DDR) pathways culminate in genomic instability in PCa, which is associated with aggressive disease and poor patient outcome. Treatment options for metastatic PCa remain limited. Thus, researchers are increasingly targeting ncRNAs and DDR pathways to develop new biomarkers and therapeutics for PCa. Increasing evidence points to a widespread and biologically-relevant regulatory network of interactions between lncRNAs and miRNAs, with implications for major biological and pathological processes. This review summarises the current state of knowledge surrounding the roles of the lncRNA:miRNA interactions in PCa DDR, and their emerging potential as predictive and diagnostic biomarkers. We also discuss their therapeutic promise for the clinical management of PCa.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou Z, Chen J, Huang Y, Liu D, Chen S, Qin S. Long Noncoding RNA GAS5: A New Factor Involved in Bone Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:807419. [PMID: 35155450 PMCID: PMC8826583 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.807419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), as an important type of RNA encoded in the human transcriptome, have shown to regulate different genomic processes in human cells, altering cell type and function. These factors are associated with carcinogenesis, cancer metastasis, bone diseases, and immune system diseases, among other pathologies. Although many lncRNAs are involved in various diseases, the molecular mechanisms through which lncRNAs contribute to regulation of disease are still unclear. The lncRNA growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) is a key player that we initially found to be associated with regulating cell growth, differentiation, and development. Further work has shown that GAS5 is involved in the occurrence and prognosis of bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, and postosteoporotic fracture. In this review, we discuss recent progress on the roles of GAS5 in bone diseases to establish novel targets for the treatment of bone diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zimo Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Da Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Da Liu,
| | - Senxiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sen Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Emerging Role of LncRNAs in Autoimmune Lupus. Inflammation 2022; 45:937-948. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01607-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
12
|
Xu S, Wang Y, Li Z, Hua Q, Jiang M, Fan X. LncRNA GAS5 Knockdown Mitigates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation via Regulating MiR-26a-5p/PDE4B to Activate cAMP/CREB Pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:889858. [PMID: 35957809 PMCID: PMC9361042 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.889858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be attributed to the dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism; however, its cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to explore the effect of long non-coding RNA growth arrest specific 5 (GAS5) on hepatic lipid metabolism in fatty liver models. METHODS Obese mice, high fat diet-fed mice and free fatty acid-stimulated cells were used for GAS5 expression detection. GAS5 overexpression or knockdown models were established to elucidate the regulatory function of GAS5 in de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and mitochondrial function. Bioinformatic analyses and dual luciferase assays were used to investigate the interaction between GAS5, miR-26a-5p and phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4B. The involvement of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway was evaluated using H89 and forskolin treatment. RESULTS GAS5 was activated in vitro and in vivo fatty liver models. Knockdown of GAS5 reduced lipid droplet accumulation, DNL associated enzymes and preserved mitochondrial function, while GAS5 overexpression exacerbated hepatic lipid accumulation. Mechanistically, GAS5 sponged miR-26a-5p to increase PDE4B expression and subsequently modulated DNL and mitochondrial function via the cAMP/CREB pathway. CONCLUSION Downregulation of GAS5 can activate the cAMP/CREB pathway through miR-26a-5p/PDE4B axis to mitigate hepatic lipid accumulation. This study provides evidence that downregulation of GAS5 may be a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Miao Jiang
- *Correspondence: Xiaoming Fan, ; Miao Jiang,
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Expression Profiles of Long Non-Coding RNA GAS5 and MicroRNA-222 in Younger AML Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 12:diagnostics12010086. [PMID: 35054253 PMCID: PMC8774494 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignant disease both on clinical and genetic levels. AML has poor prognosis and, therefore, there is a constant need to find new prognostic markers, as well as markers that can be used as targets for innovative therapeutics. Recently, the search for new biomarkers has turned researchers’ attention towards non-coding RNAs, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and micro RNAs (miRNAs). We investigated the expression level of growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) lncRNA in 94 younger AML patients, and also the expression level of miR-222 in a cohort of 39 AML patients with normal karyotype (AML-NK), in order to examine their prognostic potential. Our results showed that GAS5 expression level in AML patients was lower compared to healthy controls. Lower GAS5 expression on diagnosis was related to an adverse prognosis. In the AML-NK group patients had higher expression of miR-222 compared to healthy controls. A synergistic effect of GAS5low/miR-222high status on disease prognosis was not established. This is the first study focused on examining the GAS5 and miR-222 expression pattern in AML patients. Its initial findings indicate the need for further investigation of these two non-coding RNAs, their potential roles in leukemogenesis, and the prognosis of AML patients.
Collapse
|
14
|
Xagorari M, Marmarinos A, Kossiva L, Baka M, Doganis D, Servitzoglou M, Tsolia M, Scorilas A, Avgeris M, Gourgiotis D. Overexpression of the GR Riborepressor LncRNA GAS5 Results in Poor Treatment Response and Early Relapse in Childhood B-ALL. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6064. [PMID: 34885174 PMCID: PMC8656629 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) remain the cornerstone of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (chALL) therapy, exerting their cytotoxic effects through binding and activating of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). GAS5 lncRNA acts as a potent riborepressor of GR transcriptional activity, and thus targeting GAS5 in GC-treated chALL could provide further insights into GC resistance and support personalized treatment decisions. Herein, to study the clinical utility of GAS5 in chALL prognosis and chemotherapy response, GAS5 expression was quantified by RT-qPCR in bone marrow samples of chB-ALL patients at diagnosis (n = 164) and at end-of-induction (n = 109), treated with ALL-BFM protocol. Patients' relapse and death were used as clinical end-points for survival analysis. Bootstrap analysis was performed for internal validation, and decision curve analysis assessed the clinical net benefit for chALL prognosis. Our findings demonstrated the elevated GAS5 levels in blasts of chALL patients compared to controls and the significantly higher risk for short-term relapse and poor treatment outcome of patients overexpressing GAS5, independently of their clinicopathological data. The unfavorable prognostic value of GAS5 overexpression was strongly validated in the high-risk/stem-cell transplantation subgroup. Finally, multivariate models incorporating GAS5 levels resulted in superior risk stratification and clinical benefit for chALL prognostication, supporting personalized prognosis and precision medicine decisions in chALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marieta Xagorari
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.X.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonios Marmarinos
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.X.); (A.M.)
| | - Lydia Kossiva
- Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (L.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Margarita Baka
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.B.); (D.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Dimitrios Doganis
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.B.); (D.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Marina Servitzoglou
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.B.); (D.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Tsolia
- Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (L.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.X.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Gourgiotis
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.X.); (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Structural insights into glucocorticoid receptor function. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:2333-2343. [PMID: 34709368 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a steroid hormone-activated transcription factor that binds to various glucocorticoid response elements to up- or down- regulate the transcription of thousands of genes involved in metabolism, development, stress and inflammatory responses. GR consists of two domains enabling interaction with glucocorticoids, DNA response elements and coregulators, as well as a large intrinsically disordered region that mediates condensate formation. A growing body of structural studies during the past decade have shed new light on GR interactions, providing a new understanding of the mechanisms driving context-specific GR activity. Here, we summarize the established and emerging mechanisms of action of GR, primarily from a structural perspective. This minireview also discusses how the current state of knowledge of GR function may guide future glucocorticoid design with an improved therapeutic index for different inflammatory disorders.
Collapse
|
16
|
Small nucleolar RNA is potential as a novel player in leukemogenesis and clinical application. BLOOD SCIENCE 2021; 3:122-131. [PMID: 35402848 PMCID: PMC8975097 DOI: 10.1097/bs9.0000000000000091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of clarity of the mechanisms that underlie leukemogenesis obstructs the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of leukemia. Research has found that small nuclear RNA (snoRNA) plays an essential role in leukemia. These small non-coding RNAs are involved in ribosome biogenesis, including the 2′-O-methylation and pseudouridylation of precursor ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA), and pre-rRNA splicing. Recently, many snoRNAs were found to be orphans that have no predictable RNA modification targets, but these RNAs have always been found to be located in different subcellular organelles, and they play diverse roles. Using high-throughput technology, snoRNA expression profiles have been revealed in leukemia, and some of the deregulated snoRNAs may regulate the cell cycle, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis in leukemic cells and confer drug resistance during leukemia treatment. In this review, we discuss the expression profiles and functions of snoRNAs, particularly orphan snoRNAs, in leukemia. It is possible that the dysregulated snoRNAs are promising diagnosis and prognosis markers for leukemia, which may serve as potential therapeutic targets in leukemia treatment.
Collapse
|
17
|
Pereiro P, Moreira R, Novoa B, Figueras A. Differential Expression of Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) in Mediterranean Mussel ( Mytilus galloprovincialis) Hemocytes under Immune Stimuli. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091393. [PMID: 34573375 PMCID: PMC8468332 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean mussel is one of the most economically relevant bivalve mollusk species in Europe and China. The absence of massive mortalities and their resistance to pathogens affecting other cultured bivalves has been under study in recent years. The transcriptome response of this species to different immune stimuli has been extensively studied, and even the complexity of its genome, which has recently been sequenced, has been suggested as one of the factors contributing to this resistance. However, studies concerning the non-coding RNA profiles remain practically unexplored-especially those corresponding to the lncRNAs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second characterization and study of lncRNAs in this bivalve species. In this work, we identified the potential repertoire of lncRNAs expressed in mussel hemocytes, and using RNA-Seq we analyzed the lncRNA profile of mussel hemocytes stimulated in vitro with three different immune stimuli: LPS, poly I:C, and β-glucans. Compared to unstimulated hemocytes, LPS induced the highest modulation of lncRNAs, whereas poly I:C and β-glucans induced a similar discrete response. Based on the potential cis-regulatory activity of the lncRNAs, we identified the neighboring protein-coding genes of the regulated lncRNAs to estimate-at least partially-the processes in which they are implicated. After applying correlation analyses, it seems that-especially for LPS-the lncRNAs could participate in the regulation of gene expression, and substantially contribute to the immune response.
Collapse
|
18
|
Huang J, Wu S, Wang P, Wang G. Non-coding RNA Regulated Cross-Talk Between Mitochondria and Other Cellular Compartments. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:688523. [PMID: 34414182 PMCID: PMC8369480 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.688523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main hubs for cellular energy production. Metabolites produced in mitochondria not only feed many important biosynthesis pathways but also function as signaling molecules. Mitochondrial biosynthesis requires collaboration of both nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression systems. In addition, mitochondria have to quickly respond to changes inside and outside the cells and have their own functional states reported to the nucleus and other cellular compartments. The underlying molecular mechanisms of these complex regulations have not been well understood. Recent evidence indicates that in addition to small molecules, non-coding RNAs may contribute to the communication between mitochondria and other cellular compartments and may even serve as signals. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about mitochondrial non-coding RNAs (including nucleus-encoded non-coding RNAs that are imported into mitochondria and mitochondrion-encoded non-coding RNAs that are exported), their trafficking and their functions in co-regulation of mitochondrial and other cellular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Sipeng Wu
- State Key laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- State Key laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Geng Wang
- State Key laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
SnoRNA in Cancer Progression, Metastasis and Immunotherapy Response. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080809. [PMID: 34440039 PMCID: PMC8389557 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary A much larger number of small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) have been found encoded within our genomes than we ever expected to see. The activities of the snoRNAs were thought restricted to the nucleolus, where they were first discovered. Now, however, their significant number suggests that their functions are more diverse. Studies in cancers have shown snoRNA levels to associate with different stages of disease progression, including with metastasis. In addition, relationships between snoRNA levels and response to immunotherapies, have been reported. Emerging technologies now allow snoRNA to be targeted directly in cancers, and the therapeutic value of this is being explored. Abstract Small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) were one of our earliest recognised classes of non-coding RNA, but were largely ignored by cancer investigators due to an assumption that their activities were confined to the nucleolus. However, as full genome sequences have become available, many new snoRNA genes have been identified, and multiple studies have shown their functions to be diverse. The consensus now is that many snoRNA are dysregulated in cancers, are differentially expressed between cancer types, stages and metastases, and they can actively modify disease progression. In addition, the regulation of the snoRNA class is dominated by the cancer-supporting mTOR signalling pathway, and they may have particular significance to immune cell function and anti-tumour immune responses. Given the recent advent of therapeutics that can target RNA molecules, snoRNA have robust potential as drug targets, either solely or in the context of immunotherapies.
Collapse
|
20
|
The lncRNA Growth Arrest Specific 5 Regulates Cell Survival via Distinct Structural Modules with Independent Functions. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107933. [PMID: 32697996 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that the architecture of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)-just like that of proteins-is hierarchically organized into independently folding sub-modules with distinct functions. Studies characterizing the cellular activities of such modules, however, are rare. The lncRNA growth arrest specific 5 (GAS5) is a key regulator of cell survival in response to stress and nutrient availability. We use SHAPE-MaP to probe the structure of GAS5 and identify three separate structural modules that act independently in leukemic T cells. The 5' terminal module with low secondary structure content affects basal survival and slows the cell cycle, whereas the highly structured core module mediates the effects of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition on cell growth. These results highlight the central role of GAS5 in regulating cell survival and reveal how a single lncRNA transcript utilizes a modular structure-function relationship to respond to a variety of cellular stresses under various cellular conditions.
Collapse
|
21
|
Drillis G, Goulielmaki M, Spandidos DA, Aggelaki S, Zoumpourlis V. Non-coding RNAs (miRNAs and lncRNAs) and their roles in lymphogenesis in all types of lymphomas and lymphoid malignancies. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:393. [PMID: 33777216 PMCID: PMC7988683 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporary developments in molecular biology have been combined with discoveries on the analysis of the role of all non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in human diseases, particularly in cancer, by examining their roles in cells. Currently, included among these common types of cancer, are all the lymphomas and lymphoid malignancies, which represent a diverse group of neoplasms and malignant disorders. Initial data suggest that non-coding RNAs, particularly long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), play key roles in oncogenesis and that lncRNA-mediated biology is an important key pathway to cancer progression. Other non-coding RNAs, termed microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs), are very promising cancer molecular biomarkers. They can be detected in tissues, cell lines, biopsy material and all biological fluids, such as blood. With the number of well-characterized cancer-related lncRNAs and miRNAs increasing, the study of the roles of non-coding RNAs in cancer is bringing forth new hypotheses of the biology of cancerous cells. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the present review provides an up-to-date summary of the recent literature referring to all diagnosed ncRNAs that mediate the pathogenesis of all types of lymphomas and lymphoid malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Drillis
- 1st Internal Medicine Clinic, Medical School, Laiko University Hospital of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Goulielmaki
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 116 35 Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sofia Aggelaki
- Oncology Unit, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilios Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 116 35 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rodriguez PD, Paculova H, Kogut S, Heath J, Schjerven H, Frietze S. Non-Coding RNA Signatures of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052683. [PMID: 33799946 PMCID: PMC7961854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) comprise a diverse class of non-protein coding transcripts that regulate critical cellular processes associated with cancer. Advances in RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) have led to the characterization of non-coding RNA expression across different types of human cancers. Through comprehensive RNA-Seq profiling, a growing number of studies demonstrate that ncRNAs, including long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNA), play central roles in progenitor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) pathogenesis. Furthermore, due to their central roles in cellular homeostasis and their potential as biomarkers, the study of ncRNAs continues to provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of B-ALL. This article reviews the ncRNA signatures reported for all B-ALL subtypes, focusing on technological developments in transcriptome profiling and recently discovered examples of ncRNAs with biologic and therapeutic relevance in B-ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Princess D. Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (P.D.R.); (H.P.); (S.K.)
| | - Hana Paculova
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (P.D.R.); (H.P.); (S.K.)
| | - Sophie Kogut
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (P.D.R.); (H.P.); (S.K.)
| | - Jessica Heath
- The University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Hilde Schjerven
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Seth Frietze
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (P.D.R.); (H.P.); (S.K.)
- The University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Circulating long non-coding RNAs HOTAIR, Linc-p21, GAS5 and XIST expression profiles in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: association with R-CHOP responsiveness. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2095. [PMID: 33483590 PMCID: PMC7822898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81715-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The reliable identification of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)-specific targets owns huge implications for its diagnosis and treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in DLBCL pathogenesis; however, circulating DLBCL-related lncRNAs are barely investigated. We investigated plasma lncRNAs; HOTAIR, Linc-p21, GAS5 and XIST as biomarkers for DLBCL diagnosis and responsiveness to R-CHOP therapy. Eighty-four DLBCL patients and thirty-three healthy controls were included. Only plasma HOTAIR, XIST and GAS5 were differentially expressed in DLBCL patients compared to controls. Pretreatment plasma HOTAIR was higher, whereas GAS5 was lower in non-responders than responders to R-CHOP. Plasma GAS5 demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.97) whereas a panel of HOTAIR + GAS5 superiorly discriminated responders from non-responders by ROC analysis. In multivariate analysis, HOTAIR was an independent predictor of non-response. Among patients, plasma HOTAIR, Linc-p21 and XIST were correlated. Plasma GAS5 negatively correlated with International Prognostic Index, whereas HOTAIR positively correlated with performance status, denoting their prognostic potential. We constructed the lncRNAs-related protein-protein interaction networks linked to drug response via bioinformatics analysis. In conclusion, we introduce plasma HOTAIR, GAS5 and XIST as potential non-invasive diagnostic tools for DLBCL, and pretreatment HOTAIR and GAS5 as candidates for evaluating therapy response, with HOTAIR as a predictor of R-CHOP failure. We provide novel surrogates for future predictive studies in personalized medicine.
Collapse
|
24
|
Lambrou GI, Hatziagapiou K, Zaravinos A. The Non-Coding RNA GAS5 and Its Role in Tumor Therapy-Induced Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207633. [PMID: 33076450 PMCID: PMC7588928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) is a >200-nt lncRNA molecule that regulates several cellular functions, including proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, across different types of human cancers. Here, we reviewed the current literature on the expression of GAS5 in leukemia, cervical, breast, ovarian, prostate, urinary bladder, lung, gastric, colorectal, liver, osteosarcoma and brain cancers, as well as its interaction with various miRNAs and its effect on therapy-related resistance in these malignancies. The general consensus is that GAS5 acts as a tumor suppressor across different tumor types and that its up-regulation results in tumor sensitization to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. GAS5 seems to play a previously unappreciated, but significant role in tumor therapy-induced resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George I. Lambrou
- Choremeio Research Laboratory, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon & Levadeias 8, 11527 Goudi, Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: (G.I.L.); (A.Z.); Tel.: +30-210-7467427 (G.I.L.); +974-4403-7819 (A.Z.)
| | - Kyriaki Hatziagapiou
- Choremeio Research Laboratory, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon & Levadeias 8, 11527 Goudi, Athens, Greece;
| | - Apostolos Zaravinos
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
- Correspondence: (G.I.L.); (A.Z.); Tel.: +30-210-7467427 (G.I.L.); +974-4403-7819 (A.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhao H, Jin T, Cheng X, Qin J, Zhang L, He H, Xue J, Jin G. GAS5 which is regulated by Lhx8 promotes the recovery of learning and memory in rats with cholinergic nerve injury. Life Sci 2020; 260:118388. [PMID: 32890602 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Damage to the cholinergic system in central nervous system injuries such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and neurodegenerative diseases leads to impaired learning and cognition. Neural stem cells (NSCs) have self-renewal capacity and multi-directional differentiation potential and considered the best source of cells for cell replacement therapy. However, how to promote the differentiation of NSCs into neurons is a major challenge in current research. Lhx8 has a specific effect on the development of the cholinergic nervous system, but its exact function is unclear. In this study, we found that Lhx8 could regulate the expression of Growth arrest-specific (GAS)5 which has been implicated in cancer but was less studied in the nervous system. Additionally, results from PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and immunocytochemical analyses showed that GAS5 is mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of hippocampal neural stems cells and promotes their differentiation into neurons; the Morris water maze test demonstrated that GAS5 overexpression restored learning and memory in rats with cholinergic injury. These findings indicate that GAS5, which is regulated by Lhx8, improve brain function following cholinergic nerve injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heyan Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tianren Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianbing Qin
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianhua Xue
- Departments of Emergency Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Guohua Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yu Y, Jiang H, Niu Y, Huang J, Zhang X, Liu X, Zhang Y, Liu S, Fu H, Yu C. Long noncoding RNA-GAS5 retards renal fibrosis through repressing miR-21 activity. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 116:104518. [PMID: 32791063 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a large and diverse class of RNA molecules, and has received widespread attention for its role in the regulation of various biological processes, including stem cell transformation, neurological disease, and tumorigenesis. However, the role of lncRNA in renal fibrosis remains unclear. METHODS We investigated the expression of lncRNA-GAS5 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or fluorescence in situ hybridization in chronic kidney disease (CKD) by designing both in vivo and in vitro experiments. With over-expression of GAS5 or knockdown GAS5, miR-21 and its downstream target genes were tested using quantitative real-time PCR or western blots. Mutants of miR-21 were designed and transfected in cells. GAS5 in the plasma and urine of patients with CKD was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS In normal rats, GAS5 was predominantly expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells. GAS5 induction was significantly reduced in obstructive kidneys at 7 days after unilateral ureteral obstruction. In vitro, GAS5 was inhibited in cultured normal rat renal proximal tubular cells (NRK-52E) after incubation with transforming growth factor β at 24 h. Ectopic over-expression of GAS5 repressed extracellular matrix (ECM) levels such as collagen type III and fibronectin 1. Conversely, knockdown GAS5 augmented ECM accumulation in NRK-52E cells. GAS5 suppressed miR-21 activity in a direct and mechanistic manner. It subsequently turned off the expression of miR-21 downstream target genes, matrix metallopeptidase 2 and 9, which resulted in excessive ECM synthesis and deposition. Of note, plasma GAS5 was positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate levels in CKD patients with different etiologies while urine GAS5 was negatively correlated. CONCLUSION Activation of lncRNA-GAS5 attenuates kidney fibrosis by modulating miR-21 activity and may serve as a surrogate biomarker in monitoring CKD progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Niu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieli Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijia Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haiyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu Y, Sun P, Zhao Y, Liu B. The role of long non-coding RNAs and downstream signaling pathways in leukemia progression. Hematol Oncol 2020; 39:27-40. [PMID: 32621547 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The study of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) is a newly established field and our knowledge about them is rapidly growing. These kinds of RNAs are unchanged parts of the genome throughout evolution, that modulate cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis during diverse physiological and pathological processes including leukemia development. They have the capability to be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis, clinical typing, prognosis, as well as potential therapeutic targets. In this study, we summarized the role of lncRNAs in the expression and function of white blood cells and oncogenic transformation into four main types of leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Penghao Sun
- Department of Andrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuhao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li G, Qian L, Tang X, Chen Y, Zhao Z, Zhang C. Long non‑coding RNA growth arrest‑specific 5 (GAS5) acts as a tumor suppressor by promoting autophagy in breast cancer. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2460-2468. [PMID: 32705220 PMCID: PMC7411390 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) is a known tumor suppressor which negatively regulates cell survival and malignancy in several cancer cell types. The present study aimed to establish the correlation between GAS5 and unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase (ULK)1/2, two key regulators of autophagy initiation in breast cancer (BC). To address this, expression levels of these genes were quantitively analyzed in BC clinical samples by performing reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. GAS5 was downregulated in BC clinical samples compared with adjacent samples and was positively correlated with ULK1/2. Detection methods including cell cycle analysis, annexin V-FITC/PI double staining and flow cytometry analysis, Transwell cell invasion assay, transfection and western blotting were used for BC cells. In MCF-7 cells, it was also observed that overexpression of GAS5 upregulated ULK1/2 protein levels without disturbing other autophagy initiation-associated proteins and inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and tumor formation. These effects were reversed by blocking autophagy with 3-methyladenine (3-MA). These results demonstrated that the suppressive effects of overexpressed GAS5 were mediated via autophagy induction, at least in part. Overexpression of GAS5 induced chemoresistance to cisplatin, which was not reversed by 3-MA-mediated inhibition of autophagy, indicating that GAS5 promotes chemosensitivity in an autophagy-independent manner. Collectively, these results indicated that GAS5 contributes to the pathogenesis of BC potentially by promoting autophagy. However, the mechanism by which GAS5 functions as a tumor suppressor in an autophagy-independent manner remains unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangping Li
- Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine and Oncology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Lin Qian
- The Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Tang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- The Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Cuiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Taghizadeh E, Taheri F, Samadian MM, Soudyab M, Abi A, Gheibi Hayat SM. Role of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) in multiple sclerosis: a brief review. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2443-2451. [PMID: 32350675 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04425-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) as chronic autoimmune inflammatory neurological disease of the central nervous system (CNS) occurs due to several environmental and genetic factors, whose pathogenesis is associated with genes with regulatory role in the immune system. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are able to reportedly regulate responses of immune systems and expression of genes, and show the tissue specificity and complexity of biofunctions. Various studies have suggested that the aberrant LncRNA expression is an underlying factor involved in the incidence of MS and that the analysis of the expression profile of these molecules can be a specific biomarker of MS for preventing the course of the disease or responding to treatment. The purpose of this research was to review the recent studies for exploring the functions of LncRNAs in the processes leading to MS disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eskandar Taghizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Forough Taheri
- Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Samadian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soudyab
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Abi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibi Hayat
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gao J, Wang F, Wu P, Chen Y, Jia Y. Aberrant LncRNA Expression in Leukemia. J Cancer 2020; 11:4284-4296. [PMID: 32368311 PMCID: PMC7196264 DOI: 10.7150/jca.42093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a common malignant cancer of the hematopoietic system, whose pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides without protein-coding function. Recent studies report their role in cellular processes such as the regulation of gene expression, as well as in the carcinogenesis, occurrence, development, and prognosis of various tumors. Evidence indicating relationships between a variety of lncRNAs and leukemia pathophysiology has increased dramatically in the previous decade, with specific lncRNAs expected to serve as diagnostic biomarkers, novel therapeutic targets, and predictors of clinical outcomes. Furthermore, these lncRNAs might offer insight into disease pathogenesis and novel treatment options. This review summarizes progress in studies on the role(s) of lncRNAs in leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fujue Wang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengqiang Wu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongqian Jia
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhu X, Wang X, Wang Y, Zhao Y. Exosomal long non-coding RNA GAS5 suppresses Th1 differentiation and promotes Th2 differentiation via downregulating EZH2 and T-bet in allergic rhinitis. Mol Immunol 2019; 118:30-39. [PMID: 31841965 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The imbalance of helper T cell (Th) 1/Th2 differentiation is involved in the development of allergic rhinitis (AR). Recent studies reveal the regulatory function of exosomes on Th1/Th2 differentiation. However, the key mediator in exosomes that modulate such response remains unclear. In this study, the expression of long-noncoding RNA GAS5 (LncGAS5) was detected in exosomes which were isolated from AR patient nasal mucus (AR-EXO) and ovalbumin (OVA)-stimulated nasal epithelial cells (OVA-EXO). Th1/Th2 differentiation was induced in naïve CD4+ T cells, and the percentage of IFN-γ expressing cells (Th1 cells) and IL-4 expressing cells (Th2 cells) was detected using flow cytometry. The result showed that LncGAS5 was upregulated in AR epithelial samples, AR-EXO, and OVA-EXO. The coincubation of AR-EXO and CD4+ T cells suppressed Th1 differentiation and promoted Th2 differentiation, which is mediated by LncGAS5 in AR-EXO. The LncGAS5 in AR-EXO inhibited transcription and expression of EZH2, and it also inhibited T-bet expression at mRNA and protein levels. The gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments suggested that LncGAS5 mediates Th1/Th2 differentiation partly through downregulating T-bet and EZH2. In summary, our findings demonstrated that LncGAS5 in AR epithelium-derived exosomes is the key mediator in Th1/Th2 differentiation, providing a possible therapeutic target of AR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Zhu
- Department of Rhinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Xueping Wang
- Department of Rhinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Rhinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Yulin Zhao
- Department of Rhinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yu Y, Hann SS. Novel Tumor Suppressor lncRNA Growth Arrest-Specific 5 (GAS5) In Human Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8421-8436. [PMID: 31632088 PMCID: PMC6794681 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s221305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial regulatory roles in fundamental biological processes, and deregulations of lncRNAs have been linked to numerous human diseases, especially cancers. Of particular interest in this regard is lncRNA GAS5, which is mainly identified as a tumor suppressor in several cancers. GAS5 was significantly low expressed in multiple cancers and was associated with clinic-pathological characteristics and patient survival, indicating a novel potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and a therapeutic target for cancer. Functionally, GAS5 is involved in cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and drug resistance, among others, via multiple molecular mechanisms, such as binding to DNA sequences, forming RNA-DNA triplex complex, triggering or suppressing the expression of genes, binding proteins to form chromatin-modifying complex, which activates or represses gene expression, and acting as miRNA sponge to suppress miRNA expression, leading to regulation of miRNA target genes. This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge and role of GAS5 in clinical relevance, biological functions and molecular mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of expression and function of GAS5 in cancer. Finally, the potential prospective role as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in cancer is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Yu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510120, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chen J, Ao L, Yang J. Long non-coding RNAs in diseases related to inflammation and immunity. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:494. [PMID: 31700930 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.08.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been key regulators of gene expression in innate and adaptive immunity. Although lncRNAs have been reported to be associated with some diseases, its expression and function in diseases related to inflammation and immunity are still unknown. We reviewed how lncRNA regulated transcription and controlled the function and balance of the cells in the immune response. In addition, we discussed the impacts and challenges of lncRNAs on immunity in diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Liangfei Ao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan 430000, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yi R, Yang L, Zeng S, Su Y. Different expression profile of mRNA and long noncoding RNA in autoimmune thyroid diseases patients. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19442-19456. [PMID: 31452253 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruhai Yi
- Endocrinology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Diabetes Research Insititute of Fujian Province Fuzhou Fujian Province People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Yang
- Endocrinology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Diabetes Research Insititute of Fujian Province Fuzhou Fujian Province People's Republic of China
| | - Saifan Zeng
- Pathology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University China
| | - Yueqing Su
- Center of Neonatal Screening, Fujian Provincal Maternity and Children's Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian Province China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Biomarker-driven personalized cancer therapy is a field of growing interest, and several molecular tests have been developed to detect biomarkers that predict, e.g., response of cancers to particular therapies. Identification of these molecules and understanding their molecular mechanisms is important for cancer prognosis and the development of therapeutics for late stage diseases. In the past, significant efforts have been placed on the discovery of protein or DNA-based biomarkers while only recently the class of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has emerged as a new category of biomarker. The mammalian genome is pervasively transcribed yielding a vast amount of non-protein-coding RNAs including lncRNAs. Hence, these transcripts represent a rich source of information that has the potential to significantly contribute to precision medicine in the future. Importantly, many lncRNAs are differentially expressed in carcinomas and they are emerging as potent regulators of tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we will highlight prime examples of lncRNAs that serve as marker for cancer progression or therapy response and which might represent promising therapeutic targets. Furthermore, we will introduce lncRNA targeting tools and strategies, and we will discuss potential pitfalls in translating these into clinical trials.
Collapse
|
36
|
Growth arrest specific transcript 5 in tumorigenesis process: An update on the expression pattern and genomic variants. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108723. [PMID: 30970522 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) with diverse functions in regulation of gene expression. Most studies have reported a role for this lncRNA in induction of cell apoptosis and suppression of tumorigenesis process. Although few studies demonstrated up-regulation of this lncRNA in tumor tissues compared to non-tumor tissues of the same origin, the results of in vitro functional studies mostly support the tumor suppressor role for GAS5. A number of recent studies have also shown associations between genomic variants of this gene and risk of cancer in some populations. The role of this lncRNA in modulation of response to anti-cancer regimens has been verified through both in vitro and clinical studies. Taken together, this lncRNA is a putative biomarker and therapeutic target in human malignancies.
Collapse
|
37
|
Altered expression of long non-coding RNA GAS5 in digestive tumors. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180789. [PMID: 30606744 PMCID: PMC6340949 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become one of the most important diseases that affect human health and life. The effects of cancer in the digestive system are particularly prominent. Recently, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has attracted the attention of more and more researchers and has become an emerging field of gene research. The lncRNA growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) is a novel lncRNA that has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years and plays an important role in the development of tumors, especially in digestive system tumors. GAS5 was first identified in a mouse cDNA library. It was generally considered that it has the role of tumor suppressor genes, but there are still studies that have a certain ability to promote cancer. Furthermore, the 5-bp indel polymorphism (rs145204276) in the GAS5 promoter region also has a carcinogenic effect. The discovery of GAS5 and in-depth study of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mechanism can provide a new way for the prevention and treatment of digestive system tumors.
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhao HY, Zhang ST, Cheng X, Li HM, Zhang L, He H, Qin JB, Zhang WY, Sun Y, Jin GH. Long non-coding RNA GAS5 promotes PC12 cells differentiation into Tuj1-positive neuron-like cells and induces cell cycle arrest. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:2118-2125. [PMID: 31397350 PMCID: PMC6788226 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.262592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) is an anti-oncogene that has been extensively studied in tumors. However, research on GAS5 in the context of nervous system disease is rare at present. This study aimed to investigate the role of the long non-coding RNA GAS5 in rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells). GAS5-overexpressing lentivirus was transfected into PC12 cells, and expression levels of GAS5 and C-myc were detected by real-time PCR. Ratios of cells in S phase were detected by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the immunoreactivity of neuron microtubule markers Tuj1, doublecortin, and microtubule-associated protein 2. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, while expression of acetylcholine in cells was detected by western blot assay. We found that GAS5 can promote PC12 cells to differentiate into Tuj1-positive neuron-like cells with longer processes. In addition, cell proliferation and cell cycle were significantly suppressed by GAS5, whereas it had no effect on apoptosis of PC12 cells. Our results indicate that GAS5 could increase the expression of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholine release. Thus, we speculate that GAS5 is beneficial to the recovery of neurons and the cholinergic nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He-Yan Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sheng-Tong Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao-Ming Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Bing Qin
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Ye Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guo-Hua Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Epigenetics can be explored at different levels and can be divided into two major areas: epigenetics of nuclear-encoded DNA and epigenetics of mitochondrial-encoded DNA. In epigenetics of nuclear-encoded DNA, the main roles are played by DNA methylation, changes in histone structure and several types of non-coding RNAs. Mitochondrial epigenetics seems to be similar in the aspect of DNA methylation and to some extent in the role of non-coding RNAs but differs significantly in changes in components coiling DNA. Nuclear DNA is coiled around histones, but mitochondrial DNA, together with associated proteins, is located in mitochondrial pseudocompartments called nucleoids. It has been shown that mitochondrial epigenetic mechanisms influence cell fate, transcription regulation, cell division, cell cycle, physiological homeostasis, bioenergetics and even pathologies, but not all of these mechanisms have been explored in stem cells. The main issue is that most of these mechanisms have only recently been discovered in mitochondria, while improvements in methodology, especially next-generation sequencing, have enabled in-depth studies. Because studies exploring mitochondria from other aspects show that mitochondria are crucial for the normal behavior of stem cells, it is suggested that precise mitochondrial epigenetics in stem cells should be studied more intensively.
Collapse
|
40
|
Avgeris M, Tsilimantou A, Levis PK, Tokas T, Sideris DC, Stravodimos K, Ardavanis A, Scorilas A. Loss of GAS5 tumour suppressor lncRNA: an independent molecular cancer biomarker for short-term relapse and progression in bladder cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2018; 119:1477-1486. [PMID: 30374124 PMCID: PMC6288135 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer (BlCa) heterogeneity and the lack of personalised prognosis lead to patients’ highly variable treatment outcomes. Here, we have analysed the utility of the GAS5 tumour-suppressor lncRNA in improving BlCa prognosis. Methods GAS5 was quantified in a screening cohort of 176 patients. Hedegaard et al. (2016) (n = 476) and TCGA provisional (n = 413) were used as validation cohorts. Survival analysis was performed using recurrence and progression for NMIBC, or death for MIBC. Internal validation was performed by bootstrap analysis, and decision curve analysis was used to evaluate the clinical benefit on disease prognosis. Results GAS5 levels were significantly downregulated in BlCa and associated with invasive high-grade tumours, and high EORTC-risk NMIBC patients. GAS5 loss was strongly and independently correlated with higher risk for NMIBC early relapse (HR = 2.680, p = 0.011) and progression (HR = 6.362, p = 0.035). Hedegaard et al. and TCGA validation cohorts’ analysis clearly confirmed the association of GAS5 loss with NMIBC worse prognosis. Finally, multivariate models incorporating GAS5 with disease established markers resulted in higher clinical benefit for NMIBC prognosis. Conclusions GAS5 loss is associated with adverse outcome of NMIBC and results in improved positive prediction of NMIBC patients at higher risk for short-term relapse and progression, supporting personalised prognosis and treatment decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaritis Avgeris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodostrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsilimantou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodostrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis K Levis
- First Department of Urology, "Laiko" General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodostrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Tokas
- First Department of Urology, "Laiko" General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodostrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Diamantis C Sideris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodostrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Stravodimos
- First Department of Urology, "Laiko" General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodostrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Ardavanis
- First Medical Oncology Clinic, "Saint Savvas" Anticancer Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodostrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhao CN, Mao YM, Liu LN, Li XM, Wang DG, Pan HF. Emerging role of lncRNAs in systemic lupus erythematosus. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:584-592. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
42
|
Bian EB, Xiong ZG, Li J. New advances of lncRNAs in liver fibrosis, with specific focus on lncRNA-miRNA interactions. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2194-2203. [PMID: 30229908 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) were initially thought to be transcriptional byproducts. However, recent advances of ncRNAs research have increased our understanding of the importance of ncRNA in gene regulation and disease pathogenesis. Consistent with these developments, liver fibrosis research is also experiencing rapid growth in the investigation of links between ncRNAs and the pathology of this disease. The initial focus was on studying the function and regulation mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs). However, recently, elucidation of the mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and lncRNA-mediated liver fibrosis has just commenced. In this review, we emphasize on abnormal expression of lncRNAs in liver fibrosis. Furthermore, we also discuss that the interaction of lncRNAs with miRNAs is involved in the regulation of the expression of protein-coding genes in liver fibrosis. Recent advances in understanding dysregulated lncRNAs expression and the lncRNAs-miRNAs interaction in liver fibrosis will help for developing new therapeutic targets and biomarkers of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Er-Bao Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Xiong
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Neuropharmacology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hu X, Liu J, Zhao G, Zheng J, Qin X. Retracted
: Long non‐coding RNA GAS5 aggravates hypoxia injury in PC‐12 cells via down‐regulating miR‐124. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6765-6774. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicinePeople's Hospital of RizhaoRizhaoShandongChina
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of NeurologyPeople's Hospital of RizhaoRizhaoShandongChina
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicinePeople's Hospital of RizhaoRizhaoShandongChina
| | - Jiaping Zheng
- Department of NeurologyPeople's Hospital of RizhaoRizhaoShandongChina
| | - Xia Qin
- Department of NeurologyPeople's Hospital of RizhaoRizhaoShandongChina
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Noh JH, Kim KM, McClusky WG, Abdelmohsen K, Gorospe M. Cytoplasmic functions of long noncoding RNAs. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2018. [PMID: 29516680 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides found throughout the cell that lack protein-coding function. Their functions are closely linked to their interaction with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and nucleic acids. Nuclear lncRNAs have been studied extensively, revealing complexes with structural and regulatory roles that enable gene organization and control transcription. Cytoplasmic lncRNAs are less well understood, but accumulating evidence indicates that they also form complexes with diverse structural and regulatory functions. Here, we review our current knowledge of cytoplasmic lncRNAs and the different levels of gene regulation controlled by cytoplasmic lncRNA complexes, including mRNA turnover, translation, protein stability, sponging of cytosolic factors, and modulation of signaling pathways. We conclude by discussing areas of future study needed to elucidate comprehensively the biology of lncRNAs, to further understand the impact of lncRNAs on physiology and design lncRNA-centered therapeutic strategies. This article is categorized under: RNA Export and Localization > RNA Localization Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Heon Noh
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kyoung Mi Kim
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Waverly G McClusky
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu X, She Y, Wu H, Zhong D, Zhang J. Long non-coding RNA Gas5 regulates proliferation and apoptosis in HCS-2/8 cells and growth plate chondrocytes by controlling FGF1 expression via miR-21 regulation. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:18. [PMID: 29490650 PMCID: PMC5830091 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND LncRNA Gas5 is known to be a key control element during growth, differentiation and development in mammalian species. However, the role and function of Gas5 in growth plate chondrocytes has not been determined. METHODS The overexpression and knockdown models of Gas5 and miR-21 in cells and animals were constructed. Cell survival was determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Animal biochemical indices were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, hematoxylin/eosin staining, immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridisation. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was carried out to study targeting. RESULTS First, we found the expression levels of fibroblast growth factor 1(FGF1) were up-regulated and miR-21 were down-regulated in Gas5 overexpressing model cells. Meanwhile, the expression levels of FGF1 and Gas5 were up-regulated in miR-21 knockdown model cells. Furthermore, cell proliferation was significantly promoted after Gas5 knockdown or miR-21 overexpression. Subsequently, Gas5 promoted apoptosis, while miR-21 suppressed apoptosis. Animal assays demonstrated that both Gas5 and dexamethasone suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis of growth plate chondrocytes, up-regulated FGF1 expression but reduced miR-21 expression. Finally, there was a binding relationship between Gas5, miR-21 and FGF1. CONCLUSION We concluded that Gas5 regulated proliferation and apoptosis in growth plate by controlling FGF1 expression via miR-21 regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Administration, Children's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi She
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongrong Wu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Zhong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China. .,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road No.87, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cala MP, Aldana J, Medina J, Sánchez J, Guio J, Wist J, Meesters RJW. Multiplatform plasma metabolic and lipid fingerprinting of breast cancer: A pilot control-case study in Colombian Hispanic women. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190958. [PMID: 29438405 PMCID: PMC5810980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a highly heterogeneous disease associated with metabolic reprogramming. The shifts in the metabolome caused by BC still lack data from Latin populations of Hispanic origin. In this pilot study, metabolomic and lipidomic approaches were performed to establish a plasma metabolic fingerprint of Colombian Hispanic women with BC. Data from 1H-NMR, GC-MS and LC-MS were combined and compared. Statistics showed discrimination between breast cancer and healthy subjects on all analytical platforms. The differentiating metabolites were involved in glycerolipid, glycerophospholipid, amino acid and fatty acid metabolism. This study demonstrates the usefulness of multiplatform approaches in metabolic/lipid fingerprinting studies to broaden the outlook of possible shifts in metabolism. Our findings propose relevant plasma metabolites that could contribute to a better understanding of underlying metabolic shifts driven by BC in women of Colombian Hispanic origin. Particularly, the understanding of the up-regulation of long chain fatty acyl carnitines and the down-regulation of cyclic phosphatidic acid (cPA). In addition, the mapped metabolic signatures in breast cancer were similar but not identical to those reported for non-Hispanic women, despite racial differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica P. Cala
- Department of Chemistry, Grupo de Investigación en Química Analítica y Bioanalítica (GABIO), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Julian Aldana
- Department of Chemistry, Grupo de Investigación en Química Analítica y Bioanalítica (GABIO), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Jessica Medina
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Julián Sánchez
- Liga contra el Cáncer Seccional Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Guio
- Liga contra el Cáncer Seccional Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julien Wist
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Roland J. W. Meesters
- Department of Chemistry, Grupo de Investigación en Química Analítica y Bioanalítica (GABIO), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Nobili L, Lionetti M, Neri A. Long non-coding RNAs in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:50666-50681. [PMID: 27177333 PMCID: PMC5226612 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as ncRNAs of more than 200 nt in length. They are involved in a large spectrum of biological processes, such as maintenance of genome integrity, genomic imprinting, cell differentiation, and development by means of mechanisms that remain to be fully elucidated. Besides their role in normal cellular physiology, accumulating evidence has linked lncRNA expression and functions to cancer development and progression. In this review, we summarize and discuss what is known about their expression and roles in hematopoiesis with a particular focus on their cell-type speciï¬city, functional interactions, and involvement in the pathobiology of hematological malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Nobili
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Lionetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yang M, Xiong X, Chen L, Yang L, Li X. Identification and validation long non-coding RNAs of oral squamous cell carcinoma by bioinformatics method. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107469-107476. [PMID: 29296179 PMCID: PMC5746081 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene markers of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have great significance on early diagnosis and treatment of clinical oral cancer. In this study, we used RNA-Seq data from OSCC patients and filtered differentially-expressed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) to further clarify the molecular mechanism. Firstly, we downloaded datasets of OSCC from National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI), which were predicted and analyzed by cufflinks and tophat. Then, differentially expressed lncRNA enrichment was performed with The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Finally, we verified the gene expression via in vitro assays. Results showed that 52 lncRNAs were significantly differentially expressed compared to those in normal oral tissues, three highly expressed genes (XLOC_002599, XLOC_002634 and XLOC_132858) were verified by RT-PCR, which was consistent with the prediction. XLOC_002634 (GAS5) transcript levels were reduced both in vivo and in vitro assays, which confirmed that the expression of GAS5 was comparatively low in OSCC. Over-expression of GAS5 in cancer cells inhibited cell proliferation. Moreover, the migration and invasion potential of cancer cells were inhibited compared to control groups. All in all, the study indicated that the decrease in GAS5 expression may contribute to OSCC tumor pathogenesis and serve as a potential target for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- Research Department, Children Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingliang Xiong
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Longcong Chen
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xian Li
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), a type of malignant tumor, is characterized by dysplasia of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow. People with MM will have damaged organs or tissues due to secretion of large amounts of monoclonal immunoglobulin or fragments (M protein). Despite improved survivability by novel treatment strategies over the last decade, MM is still incurable by current therapies. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), with length of more than 200 nucleotides, have been reported to act as important regulators in many diseases, including MM. Recent studies have reported aberrant lncRNA expression in MM; these dysregulated lncRNAs can play oncogenic and/or tumor-suppressive roles in the development and progression of MM. In this article, we present a general overview on the role of lncRNAs in MM pathogenesis and discuss their potential as prognostic biomarkers and targets for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Meng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Wuhan General Hospital of PLA, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Lei Han
- Discipline Section of Medical Department, Wuhan General Hospital of PLA, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Chun Hong
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Wuhan General Hospital of PLA, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jinya Ding
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Wuhan General Hospital of PLA, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Qianchuan Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Wuhan General Hospital of PLA, Wuhan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Siyu G, Linqing Z, Linling K, Hong L, Guoqi S, Cho WC. Long noncoding RNA identification in lymphoma. Future Oncol 2017; 13:2479-2487. [PMID: 29121780 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been found that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) are abnormally expressed in lymphoma and play an important role in its pathogenesis. Through the detection and analysis of lncRNA, it was found that lncRNA could be used as an excellent biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. In lymphoma, abnormal lncRNA expression is associated with the patient's clinical characteristics, it can be used to determine the prognosis of the patient and serve as a therapeutic target in the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gu Siyu
- Department of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, PR China
| | - Zou Linqing
- Department of Human Anatomy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, PR China
| | - Kong Linling
- Department of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, PR China
| | - Liu Hong
- Department of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, PR China
| | - Song Guoqi
- Department of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, PR China
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Block R, 30 Gascoigne Road, Hong Kong, PR China
| |
Collapse
|