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Krieg S, Fernandes SI, Kolliopoulos C, Liu M, Fendt SM. Metabolic Signaling in Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:934-952. [PMID: 38592405 PMCID: PMC7616057 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-24-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Metastases, which are the leading cause of death in patients with cancer, have metabolic vulnerabilities. Alterations in metabolism fuel the energy and biosynthetic needs of metastases but are also needed to activate cell state switches in cells leading to invasion, migration, colonization, and outgrowth in distant organs. Specifically, metabolites can activate protein kinases as well as receptors and they are crucial substrates for posttranslational modifications on histone and nonhistone proteins. Moreover, metabolic enzymes can have moonlighting functions by acting catalytically, mainly as protein kinases, or noncatalytically through protein-protein interactions. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on metabolic signaling in cancer metastasis. SIGNIFICANCE Effective drugs for the prevention and treatment of metastases will have an immediate impact on patient survival. To overcome the current lack of such drugs, a better understanding of the molecular processes that are an Achilles heel in metastasizing cancer cells is needed. One emerging opportunity is the metabolic changes cancer cells need to undergo to successfully metastasize and grow in distant organs. Mechanistically, these metabolic changes not only fulfill energy and biomass demands, which are often in common between cancer and normal but fast proliferating cells, but also metabolic signaling which enables the cell state changes that are particularly important for the metastasizing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Krieg
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Isabel Fernandes
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Constantinos Kolliopoulos
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ming Liu
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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2
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Martino F, Lupi M, Giraudo E, Lanzetti L. Breast cancers as ecosystems: a metabolic perspective. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:244. [PMID: 37561190 PMCID: PMC10415483 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04902-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and one of the major causes of cancer death. Despite enormous progress in its management, both from the therapeutic and early diagnosis viewpoints, still around 700,000 patients succumb to the disease each year, worldwide. Late recurrency is the major problem in BC, with many patients developing distant metastases several years after the successful eradication of the primary tumor. This is linked to the phenomenon of metastatic dormancy, a still mysterious trait of the natural history of BC, and of several other types of cancer, by which metastatic cells remain dormant for long periods of time before becoming reactivated to initiate the clinical metastatic disease. In recent years, it has become clear that cancers are best understood if studied as ecosystems in which the impact of non-cancer-cell-autonomous events-dependent on complex interaction between the cancer and its environment, both local and systemic-plays a paramount role, probably as significant as the cell-autonomous alterations occurring in the cancer cell. In adopting this perspective, a metabolic vision of the cancer ecosystem is bound to improve our understanding of the natural history of cancer, across space and time. In BC, many metabolic pathways are coopted into the cancer ecosystem, to serve the anabolic and energy demands of the cancer. Their study is shedding new light on the most critical aspect of BC management, of metastatic dissemination, and that of the related phenomenon of dormancy and fostering the application of the knowledge to the development of metabolic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Martino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Turin, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Mariadomenica Lupi
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Turin, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrico Giraudo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Letizia Lanzetti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Turin, Italy.
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy.
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3
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Cai Y, Cheng Y, Wang Z, Li L, Qian Z, Xia W, Yu W. A novel metabolic subtype with S100A7 high expression represents poor prognosis and immuno-suppressive tumor microenvironment in bladder cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:725. [PMID: 37543645 PMCID: PMC10403905 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BLCA) represents a highly heterogeneous disease characterized by distinct histological, molecular, and clinical features, whose tumorigenesis and progression require aberrant metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells. However, current studies have not expounded systematically and comprehensively on the metabolic heterogeneity of BLCA. METHODS The UCSC XENA portal was searched to obtain the expression profiles and clinical annotations of BLCA patients in the TCGA cohort. A total of 1,640 metabolic-related genes were downloaded from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Then, consensus clustering was performed to divide the BLCA patients into two metabolic subtypes according to the expression of metabolic-related genes. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to measure the prognostic values of the metabolic subtypes. Subsequently, comparing the immune-related characteristics between the two metabolic subtypes to describe the immunological difference. Then, the Scissor algorithm was applied to link the metabolic phenotypes and single-cell transcriptome datasets to determine the biomarkers associated with metabolic subtypes and prognosis. Finally, the clinical cohort included 63 BLCA and 16 para-cancerous samples was used to validate the prognostic value and immunological correlation of the biomarker. RESULTS BLCA patients were classified into two heterogeneous metabolic-related subtypes (MRSs) with distinct features: MRS1, the subtype with no active metabolic characteristics but an immune infiltration microenvironment; and MRS2, the lipogenic subtype with upregulated lipid metabolism. These two subtypes had distinct prognoses, molecular subtypes distributions, and activations of therapy-related pathways. MRS1 BLCAs preferred to be immuno-suppressive and up-regulated immune checkpoints expression, suggesting the well-therapeutic response of MRS1 patients to immunotherapy. Based on the Scissor algorithm, we found that S100A7 both specifically up-regulated in the MRS1 phenotype and MRS1-tumor cells, and positively correlated with immunological characteristics. In addition, in the clinical cohort included 63 BLCA and 16 para-cancerous samples, S100A7 was obviously associated with poor prognosis and enhanced PD-L1 expression. CONCLUSIONS The metabolic subtype with S100A7 high expression recognizes the immuno-suppressive tumor microenvironment and predicts well therapeutic response of immunotherapy in BLCA. The study provides new insights into the prognostic and therapeutic value of metabolic heterogeneity in BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cai
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.299, Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, China
- Wuxi College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yifei Cheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengtao Qian
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Changshu Medicine Examination Institute, No.36, Qingduntang Road, Suzhou, 215500, China.
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of IntensiveCareUnit, TheAffiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of NanjingMedicalUniversity, Wuxi, China.
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.299, Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, China.
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.299, Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, China.
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Bezwada D, Lesner NP, Brooks B, Vu HS, Wu Z, Cai L, Kasitinon S, Kelekar S, Cai F, Aurora AB, Patrick M, Leach A, Ghandour R, Zhang Y, Do D, Sudderth J, Dumesnil D, House S, Rosales T, Poole AM, Lotan Y, Woldu S, Bagrodia A, Meng X, Cadeddu JA, Mishra P, Pedrosa I, Kapur P, Courtney KD, Malloy CR, Margulis V, DeBerardinis RJ. Mitochondrial metabolism in primary and metastatic human kidney cancers. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.06.527285. [PMID: 36798172 PMCID: PMC9934542 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.06.527285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Most kidney cancers display evidence of metabolic dysfunction1-4 but how this relates to cancer progression in humans is unknown. We used a multidisciplinary approach to infuse 13C-labeled nutrients during surgical tumour resection in over 70 patients with kidney cancer. Labeling from [U-13C]glucose varies across cancer subtypes, indicating that the kidney environment alone cannot account for all metabolic reprogramming in these tumours. Compared to the adjacent kidney, clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) display suppressed labelling of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates in vivo and in organotypic slices cultured ex vivo, indicating that suppressed labeling is tissue intrinsic. Infusions of [1,2-13C]acetate and [U-13C]glutamine in patients, coupled with respiratory flux of mitochondria isolated from kidney and tumour tissue, reveal primary defects in mitochondrial function in human ccRCC. However, ccRCC metastases unexpectedly have enhanced labeling of TCA cycle intermediates compared to primary ccRCCs, indicating a divergent metabolic program during ccRCC metastasis in patients. In mice, stimulating respiration in ccRCC cells is sufficient to promote metastatic colonization. Altogether, these findings indicate that metabolic properties evolve during human kidney cancer progression, and suggest that mitochondrial respiration may be limiting for ccRCC metastasis but not for ccRCC growth at the site of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hieu S. Vu
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | - Zheng Wu
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | - Ling Cai
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center
| | | | | | - Feng Cai
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Duyen Do
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | | | | | - Sara House
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | | | - Alan M. Poole
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
- Department of Pediatrics
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Prashant Mishra
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
- Department of Pediatrics
| | - Ivan Pedrosa
- Department of Urology
- Department of Radiology
- Kidney Cancer Program
| | - Payal Kapur
- Department of Urology
- Kidney Cancer Program
- Department of Pathology
| | | | - Craig R. Malloy
- Department of Radiology
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Advanced Imaging Research Center
| | | | - Ralph J. DeBerardinis
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
- Department of Pediatrics
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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5
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Sun N, Tian Y, Chen Y, Guo W, Li C. Metabolic rewiring directs melanoma immunology. Front Immunol 2022; 13:909580. [PMID: 36003368 PMCID: PMC9393691 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.909580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma results from the malignant transformation of melanocytes and accounts for the most lethal type of skin cancers. In the pathogenesis of melanoma, disordered metabolism is a hallmark characteristic with multiple metabolic paradigms involved in, e.g., glycolysis, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and autophagy. Under the driving forces of oncogenic mutations, melanoma metabolism is rewired to provide not only building bricks for macromolecule synthesis and sufficient energy for rapid proliferation and metastasis but also various metabolic intermediates for signal pathway transduction. Of note, metabolic alterations in tumor orchestrate tumor immunology by affecting the functions of surrounding immune cells, thereby interfering with their antitumor capacity, in addition to the direct influence on tumor cell intrinsic biological activities. In this review, we first introduced the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment proceedings of melanoma. Then, the components of the tumor microenvironment, especially different populations of immune cells and their roles in antitumor immunity, were reviewed. Sequentially, how metabolic rewiring contributes to tumor cell malignant behaviors in melanoma pathogenesis was discussed. Following this, the proceedings of metabolism- and metabolic intermediate-regulated tumor immunology were comprehensively dissertated. Finally, we summarized currently available drugs that can be employed to target metabolism to intervene tumor immunology and modulate immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyue Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yangzi Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Chunying Li, ; Weinan Guo,
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Chunying Li, ; Weinan Guo,
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6
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Falletta P, Goding CR, Vivas-García Y. Connecting Metabolic Rewiring With Phenotype Switching in Melanoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:930250. [PMID: 35912100 PMCID: PMC9334657 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.930250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a complex and aggressive cancer type that contains different cell subpopulations displaying distinct phenotypes within the same tumor. Metabolic reprogramming, a hallmark of cell transformation, is essential for melanoma cells to adopt different phenotypic states necessary for adaptation to changes arising from a dynamic milieu and oncogenic mutations. Increasing evidence demonstrates how melanoma cells can exhibit distinct metabolic profiles depending on their specific phenotype, allowing adaptation to hostile microenvironmental conditions, such as hypoxia or nutrient depletion. For instance, increased glucose consumption and lipid anabolism are associated with proliferation, while a dependency on exogenous fatty acids and an oxidative state are linked to invasion and metastatic dissemination. How these different metabolic dependencies are integrated with specific cell phenotypes is poorly understood and little is known about metabolic changes underpinning melanoma metastasis. Recent evidence suggests that metabolic rewiring engaging transitions to invasion and metastatic progression may be dependent on several factors, such as specific oncogenic programs or lineage-restricted mechanisms controlling cell metabolism, intra-tumor microenvironmental cues and anatomical location of metastasis. In this review we highlight how the main molecular events supporting melanoma metabolic rewiring and phenotype-switching are parallel and interconnected events that dictate tumor progression and metastatic dissemination through interplay with the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Falletta
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Paola Falletta, ; Colin R. Goding, ; Yurena Vivas-García, ,
| | - Colin R. Goding
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Ludwig Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Paola Falletta, ; Colin R. Goding, ; Yurena Vivas-García, ,
| | - Yurena Vivas-García
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Ludwig Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Paola Falletta, ; Colin R. Goding, ; Yurena Vivas-García, ,
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7
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Ecology and evolution of dormant metastasis. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:570-582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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8
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Fidelito G, Watt MJ, Taylor RA. Personalized Medicine for Prostate Cancer: Is Targeting Metabolism a Reality? Front Oncol 2022; 11:778761. [PMID: 35127483 PMCID: PMC8813754 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.778761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer invokes major shifts in gene transcription and metabolic signaling to mediate alterations in nutrient acquisition and metabolic substrate selection when compared to normal tissues. Exploiting such metabolic reprogramming is proposed to enable the development of targeted therapies for prostate cancer, yet there are several challenges to overcome before this becomes a reality. Herein, we outline the role of several nutrients known to contribute to prostate tumorigenesis, including fatty acids, glucose, lactate and glutamine, and discuss the major factors contributing to variability in prostate cancer metabolism, including cellular heterogeneity, genetic drivers and mutations, as well as complexity in the tumor microenvironment. The review draws from original studies employing immortalized prostate cancer cells, as well as more complex experimental models, including animals and humans, that more accurately reflect the complexity of the in vivo tumor microenvironment. In synthesizing this information, we consider the feasibility and potential limitations of implementing metabolic therapies for prostate cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gio Fidelito
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Watt
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Renea A. Taylor, ; Matthew J. Watt,
| | - Renea A. Taylor
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cancer Program, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Prostate Cancer Research Program, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Renea A. Taylor, ; Matthew J. Watt,
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9
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Sun Q, Wu J, Zhu G, Li T, Zhu X, Ni B, Xu B, Ma X, Li J. Lactate-related metabolic reprogramming and immune regulation in colorectal cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1089918. [PMID: 36778600 PMCID: PMC9909490 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1089918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in cellular metabolism involving fuel sources are well-known mechanisms of cancer cell differentiation in the context of carcinogenesis. Metabolic reprogramming is regulated by oncogenic signaling and transcriptional networks and has been identified as an essential component of malignant transformation. Hypoxic and acidified tumor microenvironment contributes mainly to the production of glycolytic products known as lactate. Mounting evidence suggests that lactate in the tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer(CRC) contributes to cancer therapeutic resistance and metastasis. The contents related to the regulatory effects of lactate on metabolism, immune response, and intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment of CRC are also constantly updated. Here we summarize the latest studies about the pleiotropic effects of lactate in CRC and the clinical value of targeting lactate metabolism as treatment. Different effects of lactate on various immune cell types, microenvironment characteristics, and pathophysiological processes have also emerged. Potential specific therapeutic targeting of CRC lactate metabolism is also discussed. With increased knowledge, effective druggable targets might be identified, with the aim of improving treatment outcomes by reducing chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Sun
- Oncology Department, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Wu
- Oncology Department, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- Oncology Department, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Oncology Department, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyi Ni
- Oncology Department, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Xu
- Oncology Department, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Ma
- Oncology Department, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Oncology Department, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Li,
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10
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Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Although melanoma has long been regarded as a cancerous malignancy with few therapeutic options, increased biological understanding and unprecedented innovations in therapies targeting mutated driver genes and immune checkpoints have substantially improved the prognosis of patients. However, the low response rate and inevitable occurrence of resistance to currently available targeted therapies have posed the obstacle in the path of melanoma management to obtain further amelioration. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying melanoma pathogenesis more comprehensively, which might lead to more substantial progress in therapeutic approaches and expand clinical options for melanoma therapy. In this review, we firstly make a brief introduction to melanoma epidemiology, clinical subtypes, risk factors, and current therapies. Then, the signal pathways orchestrating melanoma pathogenesis, including genetic mutations, key transcriptional regulators, epigenetic dysregulations, metabolic reprogramming, crucial metastasis-related signals, tumor-promoting inflammatory pathways, and pro-angiogenic factors, have been systemically reviewed and discussed. Subsequently, we outline current progresses in therapies targeting mutated driver genes and immune checkpoints, as well as the mechanisms underlying the treatment resistance. Finally, the prospects and challenges in the development of melanoma therapy, especially immunotherapy and related ongoing clinical trials, are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 of West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huina Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 of West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 of West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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11
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Pascual G, Domínguez D, Elosúa-Bayes M, Beckedorff F, Laudanna C, Bigas C, Douillet D, Greco C, Symeonidi A, Hernández I, Gil SR, Prats N, Bescós C, Shiekhattar R, Amit M, Heyn H, Shilatifard A, Benitah SA. Dietary palmitic acid promotes a prometastatic memory via Schwann cells. Nature 2021; 599:485-490. [PMID: 34759321 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid uptake and altered metabolism constitute hallmarks of metastasis1,2, yet evidence of the underlying biology, as well as whether all dietary fatty acids are prometastatic, is lacking. Here we show that dietary palmitic acid (PA), but not oleic acid or linoleic acid, promotes metastasis in oral carcinomas and melanoma in mice. Tumours from mice that were fed a short-term palm-oil-rich diet (PA), or tumour cells that were briefly exposed to PA in vitro, remained highly metastatic even after being serially transplanted (without further exposure to high levels of PA). This PA-induced prometastatic memory requires the fatty acid transporter CD36 and is associated with the stable deposition of histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation by the methyltransferase Set1A (as part of the COMPASS complex (Set1A/COMPASS)). Bulk, single-cell and positional RNA-sequencing analyses indicate that genes with this prometastatic memory predominantly relate to a neural signature that stimulates intratumoural Schwann cells and innervation, two parameters that are strongly correlated with metastasis but are aetiologically poorly understood3,4. Mechanistically, tumour-associated Schwann cells secrete a specialized proregenerative extracellular matrix, the ablation of which inhibits metastasis initiation. Both the PA-induced memory of this proneural signature and its long-term boost in metastasis require the transcription factor EGR2 and the glial-cell-stimulating peptide galanin. In summary, we provide evidence that a dietary metabolite induces stable transcriptional and chromatin changes that lead to a long-term stimulation of metastasis, and that this is related to a proregenerative state of tumour-activated Schwann cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Pascual
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Diana Domínguez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Elosúa-Bayes
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe Beckedorff
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Carmelo Laudanna
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Bigas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Delphine Douillet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carolina Greco
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Aikaterini Symeonidi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Hernández
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Ruiz Gil
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Prats
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Coro Bescós
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vall D'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramin Shiekhattar
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Moran Amit
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Holger Heyn
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ali Shilatifard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Salvador Aznar Benitah
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain. .,ICREA, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain.
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12
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Faubert B, Tasdogan A, Morrison SJ, Mathews TP, DeBerardinis RJ. Stable isotope tracing to assess tumor metabolism in vivo. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:5123-5145. [PMID: 34535790 PMCID: PMC9274147 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00605-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo diverse metabolic adaptations to meet the energetic demands imposed by dysregulated growth and proliferation. Assessing metabolism in intact tumors allows the investigator to observe the combined metabolic effects of numerous cancer cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors that cannot be fully captured in culture models. We have developed methods to use stable isotope-labeled nutrients (e.g., [13C]glucose) to probe metabolic activity within intact tumors in vivo, in mice and humans. In these methods, the labeled nutrient is introduced to the circulation through an intravenous catheter prior to surgical resection of the tumor and adjacent nonmalignant tissue. Metabolism within these tissues during the infusion transfers the isotope label into metabolic intermediates from pathways supplied by the infused nutrient. Extracting metabolites from surgical specimens and analyzing their isotope labeling patterns provides information about metabolism in the tissue. We provide detailed information about this technique, from introduction of the labeled tracer through data analysis and interpretation, including streamlined approaches to quantify isotope labeling in informative metabolites extracted from tissue samples. We focus on infusions with [13C]glucose and the application of mass spectrometry to assess isotope labeling in intermediates from central metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and nonessential amino acid synthesis. We outline practical considerations to apply these methods to human subjects undergoing surgical resections of solid tumors. We also discuss the method's versatility and consider the relative advantages and limitations of alternative approaches to introduce the tracer, harvest the tissue and analyze the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Faubert
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen & German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site, Essen, Germany
| | - Sean J Morrison
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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13
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Tasdogan A, Ubellacker JM, Morrison SJ. Redox Regulation in Cancer Cells during Metastasis. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:2682-2692. [PMID: 34649956 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is an inefficient process in which the vast majority of cancer cells are fated to die, partly because they experience oxidative stress. Metastasizing cancer cells migrate through diverse environments that differ dramatically from their tumor of origin, leading to redox imbalances. The rare metastasizing cells that survive undergo reversible metabolic changes that confer oxidative stress resistance. We review the changes in redox regulation that cancer cells undergo during metastasis. By better understanding these mechanisms, it may be possible to develop pro-oxidant therapies that block disease progression by exacerbating oxidative stress in cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE: Oxidative stress often limits cancer cell survival during metastasis, raising the possibility of inhibiting cancer progression with pro-oxidant therapies. This is the opposite strategy of treating patients with antioxidants, an approach that worsened outcomes in large clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jessalyn M Ubellacker
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sean J Morrison
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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14
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Meng X, Pang H, Sun F, Jin X, Wang B, Yao K, Yao L, Wang L, Hu Z. Simultaneous 3-Nitrophenylhydrazine Derivatization Strategy of Carbonyl, Carboxyl and Phosphoryl Submetabolome for LC-MS/MS-Based Targeted Metabolomics with Improved Sensitivity and Coverage. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10075-10083. [PMID: 34270209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a powerful and essential technology for profiling metabolic phenotypes and exploring metabolic reprogramming, which enables the identification of biomarkers and provides mechanistic insights into physiology and disease. However, its applications are still limited by the technical challenges particularly in its detection sensitivity for the analysis of biological samples with limited amount, necessitating the development of highly sensitive approaches. Here, we developed a highly sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method based on a 3-nitrophenylhydrazine (3-NPH) derivatization strategy that simultaneously targets carbonyl, carboxyl, and phosphoryl groups for targeted metabolomic analysis (HSDccp-TM) in biological samples. By testing 130 endogenous metabolites including organic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, nucleotides, carnitines, and vitamins, we showed that the derivatization strategy resulted in significantly improved detection sensitivity and chromatographic separation capability. Metabolic profiling of merely 60 oocytes and 5000 hematopoietic stem cells primarily isolated from mice demonstrated that this method enabled routine metabolomic analysis in trace amounts of biospecimens. Moreover, the derivatization strategy bypassed the tediousness of inferring the MS fragmentation patterns and simplified the complexity of monitoring ion pairs of metabolites, which greatly facilitated the metabolic flux analysis (MFA) for glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in cell cultures. In summary, the novel 3-NPH derivatization-based method with high sensitivity, good chromatographic separation, and broad coverage showed great potential in promoting metabolomics and MFA, especially in trace amounts of biospecimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huanhuan Pang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fei Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaohan Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Bohong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ke Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - LiAng Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zeping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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15
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Abstract
Metabolism is an important part of tumorigenesis as well as progression. The various cancer metabolism pathways, such as glucose metabolism and glutamine metabolism, directly regulate the development and progression of cancer. The pathways by which the cancer cells rewire their metabolism according to their needs, surrounding environment and host tissue conditions are an important area of study. The regulation of these metabolic pathways is determined by various oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, as well as various constituent cells of the tumor microenvironment. Expanded studies on metabolism will help identify efficient biomarkers for diagnosis and strategies for therapeutic interventions and countering ways by which cancers may acquire resistance to therapy.
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16
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Yuan L, Sun B, Xu L, Chen L, Ou W. The Updating of Biological Functions of Methyltransferase SETDB1 and Its Relevance in Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147416. [PMID: 34299035 PMCID: PMC8306223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
SET domain bifurcated 1 (SETDB1) is a histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methyltransferase that exerts important effects on epigenetic gene regulation. SETDB1 complexes (SETDB1-KRAB-KAP1, SETDB1-DNMT3A, SETDB1-PML, SETDB1-ATF7IP-MBD1) play crucial roles in the processes of histone methylation, transcriptional suppression and chromatin remodelling. Therefore, aberrant trimethylation at H3K9 due to amplification, mutation or deletion of SETDB1 may lead to transcriptional repression of various tumour-suppressing genes and other related genes in cancer cells. Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide in which SETDB1 amplification and H3K9 hypermethylation have been indicated as potential tumourigenesis markers. In contrast, frequent inactivation mutations of SETDB1 have been revealed in mesothelioma, an asbestos-associated, locally aggressive, highly lethal, and notoriously chemotherapy-resistant cancer. Above all, the different statuses of SETDB1 indicate that it may have different biological functions and be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in lung cancer and mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wenbin Ou
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-571-86843303
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17
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Hipólito A, Martins F, Mendes C, Lopes-Coelho F, Serpa J. Molecular and Metabolic Reprogramming: Pulling the Strings Toward Tumor Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:656851. [PMID: 34150624 PMCID: PMC8209414 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.656851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major hurdle to the efficient treatment of cancer, accounting for the great majority of cancer-related deaths. Although several studies have disclosed the detailed mechanisms underlying primary tumor formation, the emergence of metastatic disease remains poorly understood. This multistep process encompasses the dissemination of cancer cells to distant organs, followed by their adaptation to foreign microenvironments and establishment in secondary tumors. During the last decades, it was discovered that these events may be favored by particular metabolic patterns, which are dependent on reprogrammed signaling pathways in cancer cells while they acquire metastatic traits. In this review, we present current knowledge of molecular mechanisms that coordinate the crosstalk between metastatic signaling and cellular metabolism. The recent findings involving the contribution of crucial metabolic pathways involved in the bioenergetics and biosynthesis control in metastatic cells are summarized. Finally, we highlight new promising metabolism-based therapeutic strategies as a putative way of impairing metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hipólito
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Martins
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cindy Mendes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Lopes-Coelho
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
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18
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Rosenberger FA, Moore D, Atanassov I, Moedas MF, Clemente P, Végvári Á, Fissi NE, Filograna R, Bucher AL, Hinze Y, The M, Hedman E, Chernogubova E, Begzati A, Wibom R, Jain M, Nilsson R, Käll L, Wedell A, Freyer C, Wredenberg A. The one-carbon pool controls mitochondrial energy metabolism via complex I and iron-sulfur clusters. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabf0717. [PMID: 33608280 PMCID: PMC7895438 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Induction of the one-carbon cycle is an early hallmark of mitochondrial dysfunction and cancer metabolism. Vital intermediary steps are localized to mitochondria, but it remains unclear how one-carbon availability connects to mitochondrial function. Here, we show that the one-carbon metabolite and methyl group donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is pivotal for energy metabolism. A gradual decline in mitochondrial SAM (mitoSAM) causes hierarchical defects in fly and mouse, comprising loss of mitoSAM-dependent metabolites and impaired assembly of the oxidative phosphorylation system. Complex I stability and iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis are directly controlled by mitoSAM levels, while other protein targets are predominantly methylated outside of the organelle before import. The mitoSAM pool follows its cytosolic production, establishing mitochondria as responsive receivers of one-carbon units. Thus, we demonstrate that cellular methylation potential is required for energy metabolism, with direct relevance for pathophysiology, aging, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian A Rosenberger
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Moore
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilian Atanassov
- Proteomics Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Marco F Moedas
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paula Clemente
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ákos Végvári
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Najla El Fissi
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roberta Filograna
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna-Lena Bucher
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Hinze
- Proteomics Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthew The
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Hedman
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina Chernogubova
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arjana Begzati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rolf Wibom
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mohit Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roland Nilsson
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lukas Käll
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Wedell
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christoph Freyer
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Wredenberg
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Weber DD, Thapa M, Aminzadeh-Gohari S, Redtenbacher AS, Catalano L, Feichtinger RG, Koelblinger P, Dallmann G, Emberger M, Kofler B, Lang R. Targeted Metabolomics Identifies Plasma Biomarkers in Mice with Metabolically Heterogeneous Melanoma Xenografts. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:434. [PMID: 33498757 PMCID: PMC7865782 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanomas are genetically and metabolically heterogeneous, which influences therapeutic efficacy and contributes to the development of treatment resistance in patients with metastatic disease. Metabolite phenotyping helps to better understand complex metabolic diseases, such as melanoma, and facilitates the development of novel therapies. Our aim was to characterize the tumor and plasma metabolomes of mice bearing genetically different melanoma xenografts. We engrafted the human melanoma cell lines A375 (BRAF mutant), WM47 (BRAF mutant), WM3000 (NRAS mutant), and WM3311 (BRAF, NRAS, NF1 triple-wildtype) and performed a broad-spectrum targeted metabolomics analysis of tumor and plasma samples obtained from melanoma-bearing mice as well as plasma samples from healthy control mice. Differences in ceramide and phosphatidylcholine species were observed between melanoma subtypes irrespective of the genetic driver mutation. Furthermore, beta-alanine metabolism differed between melanoma subtypes and was significantly enriched in plasma from melanoma-bearing mice compared to healthy mice. Moreover, we identified beta-alanine, p-cresol sulfate, sarcosine, tiglylcarnitine, two dihexosylceramides, and one phosphatidylcholine as potential melanoma biomarkers in plasma. The present data reflect the metabolic heterogeneity of melanomas but also suggest a diagnostic biomarker signature for melanoma screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela D. Weber
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - Maheshwor Thapa
- BIOCRATES Life Sciences AG, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.T.); (G.D.)
| | - Sepideh Aminzadeh-Gohari
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - Anna-Sophia Redtenbacher
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - Luca Catalano
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - René G. Feichtinger
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - Peter Koelblinger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Guido Dallmann
- BIOCRATES Life Sciences AG, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.T.); (G.D.)
| | | | - Barbara Kofler
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - Roland Lang
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
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20
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Tumor Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: An Updated Metabolic Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030399. [PMID: 33499022 PMCID: PMC7865797 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumors are a complex ecosystem including not only cancer cells, but also many distinct cell types of the tumor micro-environment. While the Warburg effect assessing high glucose uptake in tumors was recognized a long time ago, metabolic heterogeneity within tumors has only recently been demonstrated. Indeed, several recent studies have highlighted other sources of carbon than glucose, including amino acids, fatty acids and lactate. These newly identified metabolic trajectories modulate key cancer cell features, such as invasion capacities. In addition, cancer metabolic heterogeneity is not restricted to cancer cells. Here, we also describe heterogeneity of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast (CAF) subpopulations and their complex metabolic crosstalk with cancer cells. Abstract During the past decades, metabolism and redox imbalance have gained considerable attention in the cancer field. In addition to the well-known Warburg effect occurring in tumor cells, numerous other metabolic deregulations have now been reported. Indeed, metabolic reprograming in cancer is much more heterogeneous than initially thought. In particular, a high diversity of carbon sources used by tumor cells has now been shown to contribute to this metabolic heterogeneity in cancer. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms newly highlighted are multiple and shed light on novel actors. Furthermore, the impact of this metabolic heterogeneity on tumor microenvironment has also been an intense subject of research recently. Here, we will describe the new metabolic pathways newly uncovered in tumor cells. We will also have a particular focus on Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAF), whose identity, function and metabolism have been recently under profound investigation. In that sense, we will discuss about the metabolic crosstalk between tumor cells and CAF.
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21
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Saha N, Muntean AG. Insight into the multi-faceted role of the SUV family of H3K9 methyltransferases in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188498. [PMID: 33373647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence implicates histone H3 lysine 9 methylation in tumorigenesis. The SUV family of H3K9 methyltransferases, which include G9a, GLP, SETDB1, SETDB2, SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 deposit H3K9me1/2/3 marks at euchromatic and heterochromatic regions, catalyzed by their conserved SET domain. In cancer, this family of enzymes can be deregulated by genomic alterations and transcriptional mis-expression leading to alteration of transcriptional programs. In solid and hematological malignancies, studies have uncovered pro-oncogenic roles for several H3K9 methyltransferases and accordingly, small molecule inhibitors are being tested as potential therapies. However, emerging evidence demonstrate onco-suppressive roles for these enzymes in cancer development as well. Here, we review the role H3K9 methyltransferases play in tumorigenesis focusing on gene targets and biological pathways affected due to misregulation of these enzymes. We also discuss molecular mechanisms regulating H3K9 methyltransferases and their influence on cancer. Finally, we describe the impact of H3K9 methylation on therapy induced resistance in carcinoma. Converging evidence point to multi-faceted roles for H3K9 methyltransferases in development and cancer that encourages a deeper understanding of these enzymes to inform novel therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalya Saha
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
| | - Andrew G Muntean
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America.
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22
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Federico A, Steinfass T, Larribère L, Novak D, Morís F, Núñez LE, Umansky V, Utikal J. Mithramycin A and Mithralog EC-8042 Inhibit SETDB1 Expression and Its Oncogenic Activity in Malignant Melanoma. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 18:83-99. [PMID: 32637583 PMCID: PMC7327877 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most deadly skin cancer, associated with rising incidence and mortality rates. Most of the patients with melanoma, treated with current targeted therapies, develop a drug resistance, causing tumor relapse. The attainment of a better understanding of novel cancer-promoting molecular mechanisms driving melanoma progression is essential for the development of more effective targeted therapeutic approaches. Recent studies, including the research previously conducted in our laboratory, reported that the histone methyltransferase SETDB1 contributes to melanoma pathogenesis. In this follow-up study, we further elucidated the role of SETDB1 in melanoma, showing that SETDB1 modulated relevant transcriptomic effects in melanoma, in particular, as activator of cancer-related secreted (CRS) factors and as repressor of melanocyte-lineage differentiation (MLD) and metabolic enzymes. Next, we investigated the effects of SETDB1 inhibition via compounds belonging to the mithramycin family, mithramycin A and mithramycin analog (mithralog) EC-8042: melanoma cells showed strong sensitivity to these drugs, which effectively suppressed the expression of SETDB1 and induced changes at the transcriptomic, morphological, and functional level. Moreover, SETDB1 inhibitors enhanced the efficacy of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor-based therapies against melanoma. Taken together, this work highlights the key regulatory role of SETDB1 in melanoma and supports the development of SETDB1-targeting therapeutic strategies for the treatment of melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniello Federico
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120 Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68135 Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Tamara Steinfass
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120 Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68135 Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Lionel Larribère
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120 Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68135 Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Novak
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120 Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68135 Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Francisco Morís
- EntreChem SL, Vivero Ciencias de la Salud, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luz-Elena Núñez
- EntreChem SL, Vivero Ciencias de la Salud, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Viktor Umansky
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120 Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68135 Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Utikal
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120 Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68135 Baden Württemberg, Germany
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23
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Turdo A, Porcelli G, D’Accardo C, Di Franco S, Verona F, Forte S, Giuffrida D, Memeo L, Todaro M, Stassi G. Metabolic Escape Routes of Cancer Stem Cells and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1436. [PMID: 32486505 PMCID: PMC7352619 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although improvement in early diagnosis and treatment ameliorated life expectancy of cancer patients, metastatic disease still lacks effective therapeutic approaches. Resistance to anticancer therapies stems from the refractoriness of a subpopulation of cancer cells-termed cancer stem cells (CSCs)-which is endowed with tumor initiation and metastasis formation potential. CSCs are heterogeneous and diverge by phenotypic, functional and metabolic perspectives. Intrinsic as well as extrinsic stimuli dictated by the tumor microenvironment (TME)have critical roles in determining cell metabolic reprogramming from glycolytic toward an oxidative phenotype and vice versa, allowing cancer cells to thrive in adverse milieus. Crosstalk between cancer cells and the surrounding microenvironment occurs through the interchange of metabolites, miRNAs and exosomes that drive cancer cells metabolic adaptation. Herein, we identify the metabolic nodes of CSCs and discuss the latest advances in targeting metabolic demands of both CSCs and stromal cells with the scope of improving current therapies and preventing cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Turdo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (C.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Gaetana Porcelli
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.P.); (S.D.F.); (F.V.)
| | - Caterina D’Accardo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (C.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Simone Di Franco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.P.); (S.D.F.); (F.V.)
| | - Francesco Verona
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.P.); (S.D.F.); (F.V.)
| | - Stefano Forte
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology (IOM), 95029 Catania, Italy; (S.F.); (D.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Dario Giuffrida
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology (IOM), 95029 Catania, Italy; (S.F.); (D.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology (IOM), 95029 Catania, Italy; (S.F.); (D.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (C.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.P.); (S.D.F.); (F.V.)
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24
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Sharick JT, Walsh CM, Sprackling CM, Pasch CA, Pham DL, Esbona K, Choudhary A, Garcia-Valera R, Burkard ME, McGregor SM, Matkowskyj KA, Parikh AA, Meszoely IM, Kelley MC, Tsai S, Deming DA, Skala MC. Metabolic Heterogeneity in Patient Tumor-Derived Organoids by Primary Site and Drug Treatment. Front Oncol 2020; 10:553. [PMID: 32500020 PMCID: PMC7242740 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New tools are needed to match cancer patients with effective treatments. Patient-derived organoids offer a high-throughput platform to personalize treatments and discover novel therapies. Currently, methods to evaluate drug response in organoids are limited because they overlook cellular heterogeneity. In this study, non-invasive optical metabolic imaging (OMI) of cellular heterogeneity was characterized in breast cancer (BC) and pancreatic cancer (PC) patient-derived organoids. Baseline heterogeneity was analyzed for each patient, demonstrating that single-cell techniques, such as OMI, are required to capture the complete picture of heterogeneity present in a sample. Treatment-induced changes in heterogeneity were also analyzed, further demonstrating that these measurements greatly complement current techniques that only gauge average cellular response. Finally, OMI of cellular heterogeneity in organoids was evaluated as a predictor of clinical treatment response for the first time. Organoids were treated with the same drugs as the patient's prescribed regimen, and OMI measurements of heterogeneity were compared to patient outcome. OMI distinguished subpopulations of cells with divergent and dynamic responses to treatment in living organoids without the use of labels or dyes. OMI of organoids agreed with long-term therapeutic response in patients. With these capabilities, OMI could serve as a sensitive high-throughput tool to identify optimal therapies for individual patients, and to develop new effective therapies that address cellular heterogeneity in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe T Sharick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States.,Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | | | - Cheri A Pasch
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dan L Pham
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Karla Esbona
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Alka Choudhary
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Rebeca Garcia-Valera
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States.,Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Mark E Burkard
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Stephanie M McGregor
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kristina A Matkowskyj
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Alexander A Parikh
- Division of Surgical Oncology, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Ingrid M Meszoely
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Mark C Kelley
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Susan Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Dustin A Deming
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States.,McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Melissa C Skala
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
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25
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Metabolic heterogeneity confers differences in melanoma metastatic potential. Nature 2020; 577:115-120. [PMID: 31853067 PMCID: PMC6930341 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis requires cancer cells to undergo metabolic changes that are poorly understood1-3. Here we show that metabolic differences among melanoma cells confer differences in metastatic potential as a result of differences in the function of the MCT1 transporter. In vivo isotope tracing analysis in patient-derived xenografts revealed differences in nutrient handling between efficiently and inefficiently metastasizing melanomas, with circulating lactate being a more prominent source of tumour lactate in efficient metastasizers. Efficient metastasizers had higher levels of MCT1, and inhibition of MCT1 reduced lactate uptake. MCT1 inhibition had little effect on the growth of primary subcutaneous tumours, but resulted in depletion of circulating melanoma cells and reduced the metastatic disease burden in patient-derived xenografts and in mouse melanomas. In addition, inhibition of MCT1 suppressed the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway and increased levels of reactive oxygen species. Antioxidants blocked the effects of MCT1 inhibition on metastasis. MCT1high and MCT1-/low cells from the same melanomas had similar capacities to form subcutaneous tumours, but MCT1high cells formed more metastases after intravenous injection. Metabolic differences among cancer cells thus confer differences in metastatic potential as metastasizing cells depend on MCT1 to manage oxidative stress.
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26
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Vogel FC, Bordag N, Zügner E, Trajkovic-Arsic M, Chauvistré H, Shannan B, Váraljai R, Horn S, Magnes C, Thomas Siveke J, Schadendorf D, Roesch A. Targeting the H3K4 Demethylase KDM5B Reprograms the Metabolome and Phenotype of Melanoma Cells. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:2506-2516.e10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.06.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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27
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Abstract
Tumors display reprogrammed metabolic activities that promote cancer progression. We currently possess a limited understanding of the processes governing tumor metabolism in vivo and of the most efficient approaches to identify metabolic vulnerabilities susceptible to therapeutic targeting. While much of the literature focuses on stereotyped, cell-autonomous pathways like glycolysis, recent work emphasizes heterogeneity and flexibility of metabolism between tumors and even within distinct regions of solid tumors. Metabolic heterogeneity is important because it influences therapeutic vulnerabilities and may predict clinical outcomes. This Review describes current concepts about metabolic regulation in tumors, focusing on processes intrinsic to cancer cells and on factors imposed upon cancer cells by the tumor microenvironment. We discuss experimental approaches to identify subtype-selective metabolic vulnerabilities in preclinical cancer models. Finally, we describe efforts to characterize metabolism in primary human tumors, which should produce new insights into metabolic heterogeneity in the context of clinically relevant microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Children's Medical Center Research Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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28
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Orouji E, Federico A, Larribère L, Novak D, Lipka DB, Assenov Y, Sachindra S, Hüser L, Granados K, Gebhardt C, Plass C, Umansky V, Utikal J. Histone methyltransferase SETDB1 contributes to melanoma tumorigenesis and serves as a new potential therapeutic target. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:3462-3477. [PMID: 31131878 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in histone modifications play a crucial role in the progression of various types of cancer. The histone methyltransferase SETDB1 catalyzes the addition of methyl groups to histone H3 at lysine 9. Here, we describe how overexpression of SETDB1 contributes to melanoma tumorigenesis. SETDB1 is highly amplified in melanoma cells and in the patient tumors. Increased expression of SETDB1, which correlates with SETDB1 amplification, is associated with a more aggressive phenotype in in vitro and in vivo studies. Mechanistically, SETDB1 implements its effects via regulation of thrombospondin 1, and the SET-domain of SETDB1 is essential for the maintenance of its tumorigenic activity. Inhibition of SETDB1 reduces cell growth in melanomas resistant to targeted treatments. Our results indicate that SETDB1 is a major driver of melanoma development and may serve as a potential future target for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Orouji
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Skin Cancer Unit, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Aniello Federico
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Skin Cancer Unit, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Lionel Larribère
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Skin Cancer Unit, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Novak
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Skin Cancer Unit, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Daniel B Lipka
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Yassen Assenov
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Sachindra Sachindra
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Skin Cancer Unit, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Laura Hüser
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Skin Cancer Unit, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Karol Granados
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Skin Cancer Unit, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Christoffer Gebhardt
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Skin Cancer Unit, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Plass
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Viktor Umansky
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Skin Cancer Unit, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Utikal
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Skin Cancer Unit, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden Württemberg, Germany
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29
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Sowder ME, Johnson RW. Bone as a Preferential Site for Metastasis. JBMR Plus 2019; 3:e10126. [PMID: 30918918 PMCID: PMC6419612 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow provides a unique microenvironment favoring the colonization and outgrowth of metastatic tumor cells. Despite the high incidence of bone metastasis in breast and prostate cancer patients, many of the molecular mechanisms controlling metastatic progression remain unclear. Several gene signatures associated with bone metastasis have been reported, but no metastasis-specific gene alterations have been identified. Therefore, there has been considerable interest in understanding how the bone microenvironment impacts the behavior of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) prior to and following colonization of the bone. Substantial evidence indicates that disruption of normal bone homeostasis by tumor-derived factors establishes a premetastatic niche within the bone that favors DTC colonization. Following dissemination, bone resident cells and the surrounding stroma provide critical signals that support tumor cell colonization, survival, and eventual outgrowth. Clinical data suggest that patients can harbor DTCs for years to decades prior to developing overt bone metastases, suggesting a period of tumor dormancy occurs in the bone marrow. Several dormancy-promoting factors have been recently identified; however, critical questions surrounding the molecular triggers and timing of tumor cell emergence from dormancy remain. Here, we review how metastatic tumor cells co-opt the bone marrow microenvironment for metastatic progression and discuss emerging insights into how to more effectively target DTCs and prevent metastasis. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda E Sowder
- Program in Cancer BiologyVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone BiologyDepartment of MedicineDivision of Clinical PharmacologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Rachelle W Johnson
- Program in Cancer BiologyVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone BiologyDepartment of MedicineDivision of Clinical PharmacologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA
- Department of MedicineDivision of Clinical PharmacologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA
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30
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Pepin ME, Ha CM, Crossman DK, Litovsky SH, Varambally S, Barchue JP, Pamboukian SV, Diakos NA, Drakos SG, Pogwizd SM, Wende AR. Genome-wide DNA methylation encodes cardiac transcriptional reprogramming in human ischemic heart failure. J Transl Med 2019; 99:371-386. [PMID: 30089854 PMCID: PMC6515060 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0104-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is the clinical endpoint of coronary heart disease and a leading cause of heart failure. Despite growing demands to develop personalized approaches to treat ICM, progress is limited by inadequate knowledge of its pathogenesis. Since epigenetics has been implicated in the development of other chronic diseases, the current study was designed to determine whether transcriptional and/or epigenetic changes are sufficient to distinguish ICM from other etiologies of heart failure. Specifically, we hypothesize that genome-wide DNA methylation encodes transcriptional reprogramming in ICM. RNA-sequencing analysis was performed on human ischemic left ventricular tissue obtained from patients with end-stage heart failure, which enriched known targets of the polycomb methyltransferase EZH2 compared to non-ischemic hearts. Combined RNA sequencing and genome-wide DNA methylation analysis revealed a robust gene expression pattern consistent with suppression of oxidative metabolism, induced anaerobic glycolysis, and altered cellular remodeling. Lastly, KLF15 was identified as a putative upstream regulator of metabolic gene expression that was itself regulated by EZH2 in a SET domain-dependent manner. Our observations therefore define a novel role of DNA methylation in the metabolic reprogramming of ICM. Furthermore, we identify EZH2 as an epigenetic regulator of KLF15 along with DNA hypermethylation, and we propose a novel mechanism through which coronary heart disease reprograms the expression of both intermediate enzymes and upstream regulators of cardiac metabolism such as KLF15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E. Pepin
- 0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Pathology, Div of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA ,0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - Chae-Myeong Ha
- 0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Pathology, Div of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - David K. Crossman
- 0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Genetics, Heflin Center for Genomic Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - Silvio H. Litovsky
- 0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Pathology, Div of Anatomic Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - Sooryanarayana Varambally
- 0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Pathology, Div of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - Joseph P. Barchue
- 0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Medicine, Div of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - Salpy V. Pamboukian
- 0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Medicine, Div of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - Nikolaos A. Diakos
- 0000 0001 2193 0096grid.223827.eDept of Internal Medicine, Div of Cardiovascular Medicine & Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA
| | - Stavros G. Drakos
- 0000 0001 2193 0096grid.223827.eDept of Internal Medicine, Div of Cardiovascular Medicine & Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA
| | - Steven M. Pogwizd
- 0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA ,0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Medicine, Div of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - Adam R. Wende
- 0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Pathology, Div of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA ,0000000106344187grid.265892.2Dept of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
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31
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Kaushik AK, DeBerardinis RJ. Applications of metabolomics to study cancer metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1870:2-14. [PMID: 29702206 PMCID: PMC6193562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reprogrammed metabolism supports tumor growth and provides a potential source of therapeutic targets and disease biomarkers. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics has emerged as a broadly informative technique for profiling metabolic features associated with specific oncogenotypes, disease progression, therapeutic liabilities and other clinically relevant aspects of tumor biology. In this review, we introduce the applications of metabolomics to study deregulated metabolism and metabolic vulnerabilities in cancer. We provide examples of studies that used metabolomics to discover novel metabolic regulatory mechanisms, including processes that link metabolic alterations with gene expression, protein function, and other aspects of systems biology. Finally, we discuss emerging applications of metabolomics for in vivo isotope tracing and metabolite imaging, both of which hold promise to advance our understanding of the role of metabolic reprogramming in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash K Kaushik
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas, TX 75390-8502, United States
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas, TX 75390-8502, United States.
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32
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Elia I, Doglioni G, Fendt SM. Metabolic Hallmarks of Metastasis Formation. Trends Cell Biol 2018; 28:673-684. [PMID: 29747903 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis to distant organs is a predictor of poor prognosis. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to understand the mechanisms that impinge on the different steps of the metastatic cascade. Recent work has revealed that particular metabolic pathways are rewired in cancer cells to support their transition through the metastatic cascade, resulting in the formation of secondary tumors in distant organs. Indeed, metabolic rewiring induces signaling pathways during initial cancer invasion, circulating cancer cells depend on enhanced antioxidant defenses, and cancer cells colonizing a distant organ require increased ATP production. Moreover, the local environment of the metastatic niche dictates the metabolic pathways secondary tumors rely on. Here we describe mechanisms of metabolic rewiring associated with distinct steps of metastasis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Elia
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ginevra Doglioni
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Pascual G, Domínguez D, Benitah SA. The contributions of cancer cell metabolism to metastasis. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:11/8/dmm032920. [PMID: 29739810 PMCID: PMC6124557 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.032920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and our inability to identify the tumour cells that colonize distant sites hampers the development of effective anti-metastatic therapies. However, with recent research advances we are beginning to distinguish metastasis-initiating cells from their non-metastatic counterparts. Importantly, advances in genome sequencing indicate that the acquisition of metastatic competency does not involve the progressive accumulation of driver mutations; moreover, in the early stages of tumorigenesis, cancer cells harbour combinations of driver mutations that endow them with metastatic competency. Novel findings highlight that cells can disseminate to distant sites early during primary tumour growth, remaining dormant and untreatable for long periods before metastasizing. Thus, metastatic cells must require local and systemic influences to generate metastases. This hypothesis suggests that factors derived from our lifestyle, such as our diet, exert a strong influence on tumour progression, and that such factors could be modulated if understood. Here, we summarize the recent findings on how specific metabolic cues modulate the behaviour of metastatic cells and how they influence the genome and epigenome of metastatic cells. We also discuss how crosstalk between metabolism and the epigenome can be harnessed to develop new anti-metastatic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Pascual
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Oncology Department, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Domínguez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Oncology Department, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvador Aznar Benitah
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Oncology Department, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028, Barcelona, Spain .,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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Desbats MA, Giacomini I, Prayer-Galetti T, Montopoli M. Iron granules in plasma cells. J Clin Pathol 1982; 10:281. [PMID: 32211323 PMCID: PMC7068907 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy is the first cause of cancer-associated death. Thus, new strategies to deal with the evasion of drug response and to improve clinical outcomes are needed. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms associated with uncontrolled cell growth result in metabolism reprogramming. Cancer cells enhance anabolic pathways and acquire the ability to use different carbon sources besides glucose. An oxygen and nutrient-poor tumor microenvironment determines metabolic interactions among normal cells, cancer cells and the immune system giving rise to metabolically heterogeneous tumors which will partially respond to metabolic therapy. Here we go into the best-known cancer metabolic profiles and discuss several studies that reported tumors sensitization to chemotherapy by modulating metabolic pathways. Uncovering metabolic dependencies across different chemotherapy treatments could help to rationalize the use of metabolic modulators to overcome therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Andrea Desbats
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Isabella Giacomini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Monica Montopoli
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Monica Montopoli
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