1
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Qi W, Dong J, Ponzoni S, Huitric G, Grasset R, Laplace Y, Cario L, Marsi M, Papalazarou E, Zobelli A, Alekhin A, Gallais Y, Bendounan A, Perfetti L. Temperature Induced, Reversible Switching of Ferro-Rotational Order Coupled to Superlattice Commensuralibity. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 39387450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
High-quality 1T-TaS2 crystals are investigated by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and low-energy electron diffraction. The Ferro-Rotational Order (FRO) of the charge density wave switches configuration at the transition between the commensurate and the nearly commensurate phase. This process requires samples without built-in or externally induced strain. Moreover, temperature gradients generated by a focused laser beam can be employed in order to freeze the in-plane chirality. Based on such observations, we propose a protocol to obtain durable and nonvolatile state switching of the FRO configuration in bulk 1T-TaS2 crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyan Qi
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CEA/DRF/lRAMIS, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Jingwei Dong
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CEA/DRF/lRAMIS, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Stefano Ponzoni
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CEA/DRF/lRAMIS, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Guénolé Huitric
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CEA/DRF/lRAMIS, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Romain Grasset
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CEA/DRF/lRAMIS, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Yannis Laplace
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CEA/DRF/lRAMIS, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Laurent Cario
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Marino Marsi
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Evangelos Papalazarou
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Alberto Zobelli
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Alexandr Alekhin
- Université Paris Cité, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques UMR CNRQ 7162, Batiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Yann Gallais
- Université Paris Cité, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques UMR CNRQ 7162, Batiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Azzedine Bendounan
- Société civile Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 GIF-sur-YVETTE, France
| | - Luca Perfetti
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CEA/DRF/lRAMIS, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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2
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Song X, Liu L, Yang H, Chen Y, Huang X, Huang Z, Yang H, Zhang T, Huang Y, Gao HJ, Wang Y. Unusual Geometric and Electronic Structures at Domain Boundaries in a Heterochiral Charge Density Wave Superlattice. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39325018 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c09426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Domain boundaries (DBs) in charge density wave (CDW) systems not only are important for understanding the mechanism of how CDW interplays with other quantum phases but also have potential for future CDW-based nanodevices. However, current research on DBs in CDW materials has been mainly limited to those between homochiral CDW domains, whereas DBs between heterochiral CDW domains, especially in the atomic layers, remain largely unexplored. Here, we have studied the geometric and electronic states of heterochiral DBs in single-layer and bilayer 1T-NbSe2 using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy. We observe the existence of diverse CDW configurations in a single heterochiral CDW DB with atomic resolution and reveal the corresponding electronic states. In addition, interlayer stacking further enriches the electronic properties of the DB. Our results offer deep insights into the relationship between the detailed CDW nanostructures and electronic behaviors, which has significant implications for DB engineering in strongly correlated CDW systems and related nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Song
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Liwei Liu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Han Yang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaoyao Chen
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zeping Huang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huixia Yang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yeliang Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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3
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Hao H, Li K, Ji X, Zhao X, Tong L, Zhang J. Chiral Stacking Identification of Two-Dimensional Triclinic Crystals Enabled by Machine Learning. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13858-13865. [PMID: 38743777 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Chiral materials possess broken inversion and mirror symmetry and show great potential in the application of next-generation optic, electronic, and spintronic devices. Two-dimensional (2D) chiral crystals have planar chirality, which is nonsuperimposable on their 2D enantiomers by any rotation about the axis perpendicular to the substrate. The degree of freedom to construct vertical stacking of 2D monolayer enantiomers offers the possibility of chiral manipulation for designed properties by creating multilayers with either a racemic or enantiomerically pure stacking order. However, the rapid recognition of the relative proportion of two enantiomers becomes demanding due to the complexity of stacking orders of 2D chiral crystals. Here, we report the unambiguous identification of racemic and enantiomerically pure stackings for layered ReSe2 and ReS2 using circular polarized Raman spectroscopy. The chiral Raman response is successfully manipulated by the enantiomer proportion, and the stacking orders of multilayer ReSe2 and ReS2 can be completely clarified with the help of second harmonic generation and scanning transmission electron microscopy measurements. Finally, we trained an artificial intelligent Spectra Classification Assistant to predict the chirality and the complete crystallographic structures of multilayer ReSe2 from a single circular polarized Raman spectrum with the accuracy reaching 0.9417 ± 0.0059.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Hao
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Kangshu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Xujing Ji
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Lianming Tong
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055 Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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4
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Lee Y, Oang KY, Kim D, Ihee H. A comparative review of time-resolved x-ray and electron scattering to probe structural dynamics. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2024; 11:031301. [PMID: 38706888 PMCID: PMC11065455 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The structure of molecules, particularly the dynamic changes in structure, plays an essential role in understanding physical and chemical phenomena. Time-resolved (TR) scattering techniques serve as crucial experimental tools for studying structural dynamics, offering direct sensitivity to molecular structures through scattering signals. Over the past decade, the advent of x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) and mega-electron-volt ultrafast electron diffraction (MeV-UED) facilities has ushered TR scattering experiments into a new era, garnering significant attention. In this review, we delve into the basic principles of TR scattering experiments, especially focusing on those that employ x-rays and electrons. We highlight the variations in experimental conditions when employing x-rays vs electrons and discuss their complementarity. Additionally, cutting-edge XFELs and MeV-UED facilities for TR x-ray and electron scattering experiments and the experiments performed at those facilities are reviewed. As new facilities are constructed and existing ones undergo upgrades, the landscape for TR x-ray and electron scattering experiments is poised for further expansion. Through this review, we aim to facilitate the effective utilization of these emerging opportunities, assisting researchers in delving deeper into the intricate dynamics of molecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Key Young Oang
- Radiation Center for Ultrafast Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon 34057, South Korea
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Roy R, Holec D, Michal L, Hemzal D, Sarkar S, Sandeep Kumar G, Nečas D, Dhankhar M, Kaushik P, Jénnifer Gómez I, Zajíčková L. Possible charge ordering and anomalous transport in graphene/graphene quantum dot heterostructure. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:265601. [PMID: 38457842 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad31bf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Observations of superconductivity and charge density waves (CDW) in graphene have been elusive thus far due to weak electron-phonon coupling (EPC) interactions. Here, we report a unique observation of anomalous transport and multiple charge ordering phases at high temperatures (T1∼213K,T2∼325K) in a 0D-2D van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure comprising of single layer graphene (SLG) and functionalized (amine) graphene quantum dots (GQD). The presence of functionalized GQD contributed to charge transfer with shifting of the Dirac point ∼ 0.05 eV above the Fermi level (ab initio simulations) and carrier densityn∼-0.3×1012 cm-2confirming p-doping in SLG and two-fold increase in EPC interaction was achieved. Moreover, we elucidate the interplay between electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions to substantiate high temperature EPC driven charge ordering in the heterostructure through analyses of magnetotransport and weak anti-localization (WAL) framework. Our results provide impetus to investigate strongly correlated phenomena such as CDW and superconducting phase transitions in novel graphene based heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajarshi Roy
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Holec
- Department of Materials Science, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Lukáš Michal
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dušan Hemzal
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Masaryk University, Kotlářská, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Saikat Sarkar
- Thin Film and Nanoscience Lab, Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Gundam Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - David Nečas
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Meena Dhankhar
- National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Oersteds Plads-Building 347, Kongens Lyngby 2800 DK, Denmark
| | - Preeti Kaushik
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Masaryk University, Kotlářská, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - I Jénnifer Gómez
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Masaryk University, Kotlářská, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, Rúa as Carballeiras, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Lenka Zajíčková
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Masaryk University, Kotlářská, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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6
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Fang X, De C, Huang FT, Xu X, Du K, Wang K, Li B, Cheong SW. Ferrorotational Selectivity in Ilmenites. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:28022-28029. [PMID: 38108596 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Unlike what happens in conventional ferroics, the ferrorotational (FR) domain manipulation and visualization in FR materials are nontrivial as they are invariant under both space-inversion and time-reversal operations. FR domains have recently been observed by using the linear electrogyration (EG) effect and X-ray diffraction (XRD) diffraction mapping. However, ferrorotational selectivity, such as the selective processing of the FR domains and direct visualization of the FR domains, e.g., under an optical microscope, would be the next step to study the FR domains and their possible applications in technology. Unexpectedly, we discovered that the microscopic FR structural distortions in ilmenite crystals can be directly coupled with macroscopic mechanical rotations in such a way that FR domains can be visualized under an optical microscope after innovative rotational polishing, a combined ion milling with a specific rotational polishing, or a twisting-induced fracturing process. Thus, the FR domains could be a unique medium to register the memory of a rotational mechanical process due to a novel selective coupling between its microscopic structural rotations and an external macroscopic rotation. Analogous to the important enantioselectivity in modern chemistry and the pharmaceutical industry, this newly discovered ferrorotational selectivity opens up opportunities for FR manipulation and new FR functionality-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Fang
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Chandan De
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Fei-Ting Huang
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Xianghan Xu
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Kai Du
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Bingqing Li
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Sang-Wook Cheong
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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7
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Maklar J, Sarkar J, Dong S, Gerasimenko YA, Pincelli T, Beaulieu S, Kirchmann PS, Sobota JA, Yang S, Leuenberger D, Moore RG, Shen ZX, Wolf M, Mihailovic D, Ernstorfer R, Rettig L. Coherent light control of a metastable hidden state. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi4661. [PMID: 38000022 PMCID: PMC10672165 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi4661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Metastable phases present a promising route to expand the functionality of complex materials. Of particular interest are light-induced metastable phases that are inaccessible under equilibrium conditions, as they often host new, emergent properties switchable on ultrafast timescales. However, the processes governing the trajectories to such hidden phases remain largely unexplored. Here, using time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we investigate the ultrafast dynamics of the formation of a hidden quantum state in the layered dichalcogenide 1T-TaS2 upon photoexcitation. Our results reveal the nonthermal character of the transition governed by a collective charge-density-wave excitation. Using a double-pulse excitation of the structural mode, we show vibrational coherent control of the phase-transition efficiency. Our demonstration of exceptional control, switching speed, and stability of the hidden state are key for device applications at the nexus of electronics and photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Maklar
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jit Sarkar
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shuo Dong
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yaroslav A. Gerasimenko
- Department of Complex Matter, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center of Excellence on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology – Nanocenter (CENN Nanocenter), Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tommaso Pincelli
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Samuel Beaulieu
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick S. Kirchmann
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Sobota
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Shuolong Yang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dominik Leuenberger
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robert G. Moore
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Zhi-Xun Shen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Martin Wolf
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dragan Mihailovic
- Department of Complex Matter, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center of Excellence on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology – Nanocenter (CENN Nanocenter), Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ralph Ernstorfer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laurenz Rettig
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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8
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Ravnik J, Vaskivskyi Y, Vodeb J, Diego M, Venturini R, Gerasimenko Y, Kabanov V, Kranjec A, Mihailovic D. Chiral domain dynamics and transient interferences of mirrored superlattices in nonequilibrium electronic crystals. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19622. [PMID: 37949956 PMCID: PMC10638312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46659-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mirror symmetry plays a major role in determining the properties of matter and is of particular interest in condensed many-body systems undergoing symmetry breaking transitions under non-equilibrium conditions. Typically, in the aftermath of such transitions, one of the two possible broken symmetry states is emergent. However, synthetic systems and those formed under non-equilibrium conditions may exhibit metastable states comprising of both left (L) and right (R) handed symmetry. Here we explore the formation of chiral charge-density wave (CDW) domains after a laser quench in 1T-TaS2 with scanning tunneling microscopy. Typically, we observed transient domains of both chiralities, separated spatially from each other by domain walls with different structure. In addition, we observe transient density of states modulations consistent with interference of L and R-handed charge density waves within the surface monolayer. Theoretical modeling of the intertwined domain structures using a classical charged lattice gas model reproduces the experimental domain wall structures. The superposition (S) state cannot be understood classically within the correlated electron model but is found to be consistent with interferences of L and R-handed charge-density waves within domains, confined by surrounding domain walls, vividly revealing an interference of Fermi electrons with opposite chirality, which is not a result of inter-layer interference, but due to the interaction between electrons within a single layer, confined by domain wall boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ravnik
- Complex Matter Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory for Micro and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Ye Vaskivskyi
- Complex Matter Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty for Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - J Vodeb
- Complex Matter Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Diego
- Complex Matter Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - R Venturini
- Complex Matter Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty for Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ya Gerasimenko
- Center of Excellence on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology-Nanocenter (CENN Nanocenter), Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - V Kabanov
- Complex Matter Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Kranjec
- Complex Matter Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - D Mihailovic
- Complex Matter Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Center of Excellence on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology-Nanocenter (CENN Nanocenter), Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Faculty for Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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9
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Nie Z, Wang Y, Chen D, Meng S. Unraveling Hidden Charge Density Wave Phases in 1T-TiSe_{2}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:196401. [PMID: 38000430 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.196401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The unexpected chiral order observed in 1T-TiSe_{2} represents an exciting area to explore chirality in condensed matter, while its microscopic mechanism remains elusive. Here, we have identified three metastable collective modes-the so-called single-q modes-in single layer TiSe_{2}, which originate from the unstable phonon eigenvectors at the zone boundary and break the threefold rotational symmetry. We show that polarized laser pulse is a unique and efficient tool to reconstruct the transient potential energy surface, so as to drive phase transitions between these states. By designing sequent layers with chiral stacking order, we propose a practical means to realize chiral charge density waves in 1T-TiSe_{2}. Further, the constructed chiral structure is predicted to exhibit circular dichroism as observed in recent experiments. These facts strongly indicate the chirality transfer from photons to the electron subsystem, meanwhile being strongly coupled to the lattice degree of freedom. Our work provides new insights into understanding and modulating chirality in quantum materials that we hope will spark further experimental investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yaxian Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Daqiang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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10
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Domröse T, Danz T, Schaible SF, Rossnagel K, Yalunin SV, Ropers C. Light-induced hexatic state in a layered quantum material. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:1345-1351. [PMID: 37414945 PMCID: PMC10627829 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The tunability of materials properties by light promises a wealth of future applications in energy conversion and information technology. Strongly correlated materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides offer optical control of electronic phases, charge ordering and interlayer correlations by photodoping. Here, we find the emergence of a transient hexatic state during the laser-induced transformation between two charge-density wave phases in a thin-film transition metal dichalcogenide, 1T-type tantalum disulfide (1T-TaS2). Introducing tilt-series ultrafast nanobeam electron diffraction, we reconstruct charge-density wave rocking curves at high momentum resolution. An intermittent suppression of three-dimensional structural correlations promotes a loss of in-plane translational order caused by a high density of unbound topological defects, characteristic of a hexatic intermediate. Our results demonstrate the merit of tomographic ultrafast structural probing in tracing coupled order parameters, heralding universal nanoscale access to laser-induced dimensionality control in functional heterostructures and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Domröse
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- 4th Physical Institute - Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Danz
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sophie F Schaible
- 4th Physical Institute - Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kai Rossnagel
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sergey V Yalunin
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claus Ropers
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
- 4th Physical Institute - Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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11
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Husremović S, Goodge BH, Erodici MP, Inzani K, Mier A, Ribet SM, Bustillo KC, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Ophus C, Griffin SM, Bediako DK. Encoding multistate charge order and chirality in endotaxial heterostructures. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6031. [PMID: 37758701 PMCID: PMC10533556 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41780-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density phase change memory (PCM) storage is proposed for materials with multiple intermediate resistance states, which have been observed in 1T-TaS2 due to charge density wave (CDW) phase transitions. However, the metastability responsible for this behavior makes the presence of multistate switching unpredictable in TaS2 devices. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of nanothick verti-lateral H-TaS2/1T-TaS2 heterostructures in which the number of endotaxial metallic H-TaS2 monolayers dictates the number of resistance transitions in 1T-TaS2 lamellae near room temperature. Further, we also observe optically active heterochirality in the CDW superlattice structure, which is modulated in concert with the resistivity steps, and we show how strain engineering can be used to nucleate these polytype conversions. This work positions the principle of endotaxial heterostructures as a promising conceptual framework for reliable, non-volatile, and multi-level switching of structure, chirality, and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samra Husremović
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Berit H Goodge
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthew P Erodici
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Katherine Inzani
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Alberto Mier
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Stephanie M Ribet
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Karen C Bustillo
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Colin Ophus
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sinéad M Griffin
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - D Kwabena Bediako
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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12
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Liu G, Qiu T, He K, Liu Y, Lin D, Ma Z, Huang Z, Tang W, Xu J, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Gao L, Wen J, Liu JM, Yan B, Xi X. Electrical switching of ferro-rotational order in nanometre-thick 1T-TaS 2 crystals. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:854-860. [PMID: 37169899 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01403-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Hysteretic switching of domain states is a salient characteristic of all ferroic materials and the foundation for their multifunctional applications. Ferro-rotational order is emerging as a type of ferroic order that features structural rotations, but control over state switching remains elusive due to its invariance under both time reversal and spatial inversion. Here we demonstrate electrical switching of ferro-rotational domain states in the charge-density-wave phases of nanometre-thick 1T-TaS2 crystals. Cooling from the high-symmetry phase to the ferro-rotational phase under an external electric field induces domain state switching and domain wall formation, which is realized in a simple two-terminal configuration using a volt-scale bias. Although the electric field does not couple with the order due to symmetry mismatch, it drives domain wall propagation to give rise to reversible, durable and non-volatile isothermal state switching at room temperature. These results offer a route to the manipulation of ferro-rotational order and its nanoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyu Qiu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kuanyu He
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yizhou Liu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dongjing Lin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute for Advanced Materials, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhentao Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenna Tang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Libo Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinsheng Wen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Ming Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Binghai Yan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Xiaoxiang Xi
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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13
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Zhao Y, Nie Z, Hong H, Qiu X, Han S, Yu Y, Liu M, Qiu X, Liu K, Meng S, Tong L, Zhang J. Spectroscopic visualization and phase manipulation of chiral charge density waves in 1T-TaS 2. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2223. [PMID: 37076513 PMCID: PMC10115830 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37927-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The chiral charge density wave is a many-body collective phenomenon in condensed matter that may play a role in unconventional superconductivity and topological physics. Two-dimensional chiral charge density waves provide the building blocks for the fabrication of various stacking structures and chiral homostructures, in which physical properties such as chiral currents and the anomalous Hall effect may emerge. Here, we demonstrate the phase manipulation of two-dimensional chiral charge density waves and the design of in-plane chiral homostructures in 1T-TaS2. We use chiral Raman spectroscopy to directly monitor the chirality switching of the charge density wave-revealing a temperature-mediated reversible chirality switching. We find that interlayer stacking favours homochirality configurations, which is confirmed by first-principles calculations. By exploiting the interlayer chirality-locking effect, we realise in-plane chiral homostructures in 1T-TaS2. Our results provide a versatile way to manipulate chiral collective phases by interlayer coupling in layered van der Waals semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhengwei Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hao Hong
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xia Qiu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shiyi Han
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yue Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Mengxi Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China.
| | - Lianming Tong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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14
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Liu L, Song X, Dai J, Yang H, Chen Y, Huang X, Huang Z, Ji H, Zhang Y, Wu X, Sun JT, Zhang Q, Zhou J, Huang Y, Qiao J, Ji W, Gao HJ, Wang Y. Unveiling Electronic Behaviors in Heterochiral Charge-Density-Wave Twisted Stacking Materials with 1.25 nm Unit Dependence. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2702-2710. [PMID: 36661840 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Layered charge-density-wave (CDW) materials have gained increasing interest due to their CDW stacking-dependent electronic properties for practical applications. Among the large family of CDW materials, those with star of David (SOD) patterns are very important due to the potentials for quantum spin liquid and related device applications. However, the spatial extension and the spin coupling information down to the nanoscale remain elusive. Here, we report the study of heterochiral CDW stackings in bilayer (BL) NbSe2 with high spatial resolution. We reveal that there exist well-defined heterochiral stackings, which have inhomogeneous electronic states among neighboring CDW units (star of David, SOD), significantly different from the homogeneous electronic states in the homochiral stackings. Intriguingly, the different electronic behaviors are spatially localized within each SOD with a unit size of 1.25 nm, and the gap sizes are determined by the different types of SOD stackings. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations match the experimental measurements well and reveal the SOD-stacking-dependent correlated electronic states and antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic couplings. Our findings give a deep understanding of the spatial distribution of interlayer stacking and the delicate modulation of the spintronic states, which is very helpful for CDW-based nanoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Liu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Song
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Micro-Nano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Yang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyao Chen
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeping Huang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Ji
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Wu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Tao Sun
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanzhen Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Huang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingsi Qiao
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Micro-Nano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeliang Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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15
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Cheong SW, Huang FT, Kim M. Linking emergent phenomena and broken symmetries through one-dimensional objects and their dot/cross products. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:124501. [PMID: 36198263 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac97aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The symmetry of the whole experimental setups, including specific sample environments and measurables, can be compared with that of specimens for observable physical phenomena. We, first, focus on one-dimensional (1D) experimental setups, independent from any spatial rotation around one direction, and show that eight kinds of 1D objects (four; vector-like, the other four; director-like), defined in terms of symmetry, and their dot and cross products are an effective way for the symmetry consideration. The dot products form a Z2× Z2× Z2group with Abelian additive operation, and the cross products form a Z2× Z2group with Abelian additive operation or Q8, a non-Abelian group of order eight, depending on their signs. Those 1D objects are associated with characteristic physical phenomena. When a 3D specimen has symmetry operational similarity (SOS) with (identical or lower, but not higher, symmetries than) an 1D object with a particular phenomenon, the 3D specimen can exhibit the phenomenon. This SOS approach can be a transformative and unconventional avenue for symmetry-guided materials designs and discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Wook Cheong
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
| | - Fei-Ting Huang
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
| | - Minhyong Kim
- International Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- The Korea Institute for Advanced Study, 85 Hoegiro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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16
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Yang HF, He KY, Koo J, Shen SW, Zhang SH, Liu G, Liu YZ, Chen C, Liang AJ, Huang K, Wang MX, Gao JJ, Luo X, Yang LX, Liu JP, Sun YP, Yan SC, Yan BH, Chen YL, Xi X, Liu ZK. Visualization of Chiral Electronic Structure and Anomalous Optical Response in a Material with Chiral Charge Density Waves. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:156401. [PMID: 36269973 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.156401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Chiral materials have attracted significant research interests as they exhibit intriguing physical properties, such as chiral optical response, spin-momentum locking, and chiral induced spin selectivity. Recently, layered transition metal dichalcogenide 1T-TaS_{2} has been found to host a chiral charge density wave (CDW) order. Nevertheless, the physical consequences of the chiral order, for example, in electronic structures and the optical properties, are yet to be explored. Here, we report the spectroscopic visualization of an emergent chiral electronic band structure in the CDW phase, characterized by windmill-shaped Fermi surfaces. We uncover a remarkable chirality-dependent circularly polarized Raman response due to the salient in-plane chiral symmetry of CDW, although the ordinary circular dichroism vanishes. Chiral Fermi surfaces and anomalous Raman responses coincide with the CDW transition, proving their lattice origin. Our Letter paves a path to manipulate the chiral electronic and optical properties in two-dimensional materials and explore applications in polarization optics and spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - K Y He
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - J Koo
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - S W Shen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - S H Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - G Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Z Liu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - C Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - A J Liang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - K Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - M X Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - J J Gao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, HFIPS, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - X Luo
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, HFIPS, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - L X Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - J P Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Y P Sun
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, HFIPS, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, HFIPS, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - S C Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - B H Yan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Y L Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - X Xi
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Z K Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
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17
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Gao FY, Zhang Z, Sun Z, Ye L, Cheng YH, Liu ZJ, Checkelsky JG, Baldini E, Nelson KA. Snapshots of a light-induced metastable hidden phase driven by the collapse of charge order. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabp9076. [PMID: 35867789 PMCID: PMC9307249 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp9076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nonequilibrium hidden states provide a unique window into thermally inaccessible regimes of strong coupling between microscopic degrees of freedom in quantum materials. Understanding the origin of these states allows the exploration of far-from-equilibrium thermodynamics and the development of optoelectronic devices with on-demand photoresponses. However, mapping the ultrafast formation of a long-lived hidden phase remains a longstanding challenge since the initial state is not recovered rapidly. Here, using state-of-the-art single-shot spectroscopy techniques, we present a direct ultrafast visualization of the photoinduced phase transition to both transient and long-lived hidden states in an electronic crystal, 1T-TaS2, and demonstrate a commonality in their microscopic pathways, driven by the collapse of charge order. We present a theory of fluctuation-dominated process that helps explain the nature of the metastable state. Our results shed light on the origin of this elusive state and pave the way for the discovery of other exotic phases of matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Y. Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zhuquan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Sun
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Linda Ye
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yu-Hsiang Cheng
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zi-Jie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joseph G. Checkelsky
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Edoardo Baldini
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Keith A. Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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18
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Atomic-scale visualization of chiral charge density wave superlattices and their reversible switching. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1843. [PMID: 35383190 PMCID: PMC8983771 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Chirality is essential for various phenomena in life and matter. However, chirality and its switching in electronic superlattices, such as charge density wave (CDW) superlattices, remain elusive. In this study, we characterize the chirality switching with atom-resolution imaging in a single-layer NbSe2 CDW superlattice by the technique of scanning tunneling microscopy. The atomic arrangement of the CDW superlattice is found continuous and intact although its chirality is switched. Several intermediate states are tracked by time-resolved imaging, revealing the fast and dynamic chirality transition. Importantly, the switching is reversibly realized with an external electric field. Our findings unveil the delicate switching process of chiral CDW superlattice in a two-dimensional (2D) crystal down to the atomic scale.
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19
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Walker SM, Patel T, Okamoto J, Langenberg D, Bergeron EA, Gao J, Luo X, Lu W, Sun Y, Tsen AW, Baugh J. Observation and Manipulation of a Phase Separated State in a Charge Density Wave Material. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:1929-1936. [PMID: 35176209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The 1T polytype of TaS2 has been studied extensively as a strongly correlated system. As 1T-TaS2 is thinned toward the 2D limit, its phase diagram shows significant deviations from that of the bulk material. Optoelectronic maps of ultrathin 1T-TaS2 have indicated the presence of nonequilibrium charge density wave phases within the hysteresis region of the nearly commensurate (NC) to commensurate (C) transition. We perform scanning tunneling microscopy on exfoliated ultrathin flakes of 1T-TaS2 within the NC-C hysteresis window, finding evidence that the observed nonequilibrium phases consist of intertwined, irregularly shaped NC-like and C-like domains. After applying lateral electrical signals to the sample, we image changes in the geometric arrangement of the different regions. We use a phase separation model to explore the relationship between electronic inhomogeneity present in ultrathin 1T-TaS2 and its bulk resistivity. These results demonstrate the role of phase competition morphologies in determining the properties of 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Walker
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Tarun Patel
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Junichi Okamoto
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
- EUCOR Centre for Quantum Science and Quantum Computing, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Deler Langenberg
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - E Annelise Bergeron
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jingjing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Adam W Tsen
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jonathan Baugh
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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20
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Li WH, Duncan CJR, Andorf MB, Bartnik AC, Bianco E, Cultrera L, Galdi A, Gordon M, Kaemingk M, Pennington CA, Kourkoutis LF, Bazarov IV, Maxson JM. A kiloelectron-volt ultrafast electron micro-diffraction apparatus using low emittance semiconductor photocathodes. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2022; 9:024302. [PMID: 35350376 PMCID: PMC8934190 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the design and performance of a time-resolved electron diffraction apparatus capable of producing intense bunches with simultaneously single digit micrometer probe size, long coherence length, and 200 fs rms time resolution. We measure the 5d (peak) beam brightness at the sample location in micro-diffraction mode to be 7 × 10 13 A / m 2 rad 2 . To generate high brightness electron bunches, the system employs high efficiency, low emittance semiconductor photocathodes driven with a wavelength near the photoemission threshold at a repetition rate up to 250 kHz. We characterize spatial, temporal, and reciprocal space resolution of the apparatus. We perform proof-of-principle measurements of ultrafast heating in single crystal Au samples and compare experimental results with simulations that account for the effects of multiple scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. H. Li
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - C. J. R. Duncan
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - M. B. Andorf
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - A. C. Bartnik
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - E. Bianco
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - L. Cultrera
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - A. Galdi
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - M. Gordon
- University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M. Kaemingk
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - C. A. Pennington
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | | | - I. V. Bazarov
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - J. M. Maxson
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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21
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Weber M, Freericks JK. Real-time evolution of static electron-phonon models in time-dependent electric fields. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:025301. [PMID: 35291073 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.025301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present an exact Monte Carlo method to simulate the nonequilibrium dynamics of electron-phonon models in the adiabatic limit of zero phonon frequency. The classical nature of the phonons allows us to sample the equilibrium phonon distribution and efficiently evolve the electronic subsystem in a time-dependent electromagnetic field for each phonon configuration. We demonstrate that our approach is particularly useful for charge-density-wave systems experiencing pulsed electric fields, as they appear in pump-probe experiments. For the half-filled Holstein model in one and two dimensions, we calculate the out-of-equilibrium response of the current and the energy after a pulse is applied as well as the photoemission spectrum before and after the pump. Finite-size effects are under control for chains of 162 sites (in one dimension) or 16×16 square lattices (in two dimensions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Weber
- Department of Physics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Str. 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - James K Freericks
- Department of Physics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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22
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Sung SH, Schnitzer N, Novakov S, El Baggari I, Luo X, Gim J, Vu NM, Li Z, Brintlinger TH, Liu Y, Lu W, Sun Y, Deotare PB, Sun K, Zhao L, Kourkoutis LF, Heron JT, Hovden R. Two-dimensional charge order stabilized in clean polytype heterostructures. Nat Commun 2022; 13:413. [PMID: 35058434 PMCID: PMC8776735 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence suggests distinct correlated electron behavior may exist only in clean 2D materials such as 1T-TaS2. Unfortunately, experiment and theory suggest that extrinsic disorder in free standing 2D layers disrupts correlation-driven quantum behavior. Here we demonstrate a route to realizing fragile 2D quantum states through endotaxial polytype engineering of van der Waals materials. The true isolation of 2D charge density waves (CDWs) between metallic layers stabilizes commensurate long-range order and lifts the coupling between neighboring CDW layers to restore mirror symmetries via interlayer CDW twinning. The twinned-commensurate charge density wave (tC-CDW) reported herein has a single metal-insulator phase transition at ~350 K as measured structurally and electronically. Fast in-situ transmission electron microscopy and scanned nanobeam diffraction map the formation of tC-CDWs. This work introduces endotaxial polytype engineering of van der Waals materials to access latent 2D ground states distinct from conventional 2D fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Hyun Sung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Noah Schnitzer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Steve Novakov
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ismail El Baggari
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Rowland Institute at Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Xiangpeng Luo
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jiseok Gim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nguyen M Vu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Zidong Li
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Todd H Brintlinger
- Materials Science and Technology Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Wenjian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, P. R. China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Parag B Deotare
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Liuyan Zhao
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Lena F Kourkoutis
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - John T Heron
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Robert Hovden
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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23
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Bie YQ, Zong A, Wang X, Jarillo-Herrero P, Gedik N. A versatile sample fabrication method for ultrafast electron diffraction. Ultramicroscopy 2021; 230:113389. [PMID: 34530284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2021.113389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Integral to the exploration of nonequilibrium phenomena in solid-state systems is the study of lattice motion after photoexcitation by a femtosecond laser pulse. For the past two decades, ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) has played a critical role in this regard. Despite remarkable progress in instrumental development, this technique is still bottlenecked by a demanding sample preparation process, where ultrathin single crystals of large lateral size are typically required. In this work, we describe an efficient, versatile method that yields high-quality, laterally extended (≥ 100 µm), and thin (≤ 50 nm) single crystals on amorphous films of Si3N4 windows. It applies to most exfoliable materials, including those reactive in ambient conditions, and promises clean, flat surfaces. Besides the natural extension to fabricating van der Waals heterostructures, our method can also be applied to future-generation UED that enables additional control of sample parameters, such as electrostatic gating and excitation by a locally enhanced terahertz field. Our work significantly expands the type of samples for UED studies and also finds application in other time-resolved techniques such as attosecond extreme-ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy. This method hence provides further opportunities to explore photoinduced transitions and to discover novel states of matter out of equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qing Bie
- State Key Lab of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Alfred Zong
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; University of California at Berkeley, Department of Chemistry, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Xirui Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Pablo Jarillo-Herrero
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Nuh Gedik
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
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24
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Luo X, Obeysekera D, Won C, Sung SH, Schnitzer N, Hovden R, Cheong SW, Yang J, Sun K, Zhao L. Ultrafast Modulations and Detection of a Ferro-Rotational Charge Density Wave Using Time-Resolved Electric Quadrupole Second Harmonic Generation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:126401. [PMID: 34597104 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.126401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We show the ferro-rotational nature of the commensurate charge density wave (CCDW) in 1T-TaS_{2} and track its dynamic modulations by temperature-dependent and time-resolved electric quadrupole rotation anisotropy-second harmonic generation (EQ RA-SHG), respectively. The ultrafast modulations manifest as the breathing and the rotation of the EQ RA-SHG patterns at three frequencies around the reported single CCDW amplitude mode frequency. A sudden shift of the triplet frequencies and a dramatic increase in the breathing and rotation magnitude further reveal a photoinduced transient CDW phase across a critical pump fluence of ∼0.5 mJ/cm^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Luo
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Dimuthu Obeysekera
- Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Choongjae Won
- Laboratory for Pohang Emergent Materials, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory and Max Plank POSTECH Center for Complex Phase Materials, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Suk Hyun Sung
- Department of Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Noah Schnitzer
- Department of Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Robert Hovden
- Department of Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Sang-Wook Cheong
- Laboratory for Pohang Emergent Materials, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory and Max Plank POSTECH Center for Complex Phase Materials, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Liuyan Zhao
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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25
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Reisbick SA, Zhang Y, Chen J, Engen PE, Flannigan DJ. Coherent Phonon Disruption and Lock-In during a Photoinduced Charge-Density-Wave Phase Transition. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:6439-6447. [PMID: 34236194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast manipulation of phase domains in quantum materials is a promising approach to unraveling and harnessing interwoven charge and lattice degrees of freedom. Here we find evidence for coupling of displacively excited coherent acoustic phonons (CAPs) and periodic lattice distortions (PLDs) in the intensely studied charge-density-wave material, 1T-TaS2, using 4D ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM). Initial photoinduced Bragg-peak dynamics reveal partial CAP coherence and localized c-axis dilations. Weak, partially coherent dynamics give way to higher-amplitude, increasingly coherent oscillations, the transition period of which matches that of photoinduced incommensurate domain growth and stabilization from the nearly-commensurate phase. With UEM imaging, it is found that phonon wave trains emerge from linear defects 100 ps after photoexcitation. The CAPs consist of coupled longitudinal and transverse character and propagate at anomalously high velocities along wave vectors independent from PLDs, instead being dictated by defect orientation. Such behaviors illustrate a means to control phases in quantum materials using defect-engineered coherent-phonon seeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer A Reisbick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yichao Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jialiang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Paige E Engen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - David J Flannigan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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26
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Femtosecond control of phonon dynamics near a magnetic order critical point. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2865. [PMID: 34001880 PMCID: PMC8129429 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The spin-phonon interaction in spin density wave (SDW) systems often determines the free energy landscape that drives the evolution of the system. When a passing energy flux, such as photoexcitation, drives a crystalline system far from equilibrium, the resulting lattice displacement generates transient vibrational states. Manipulating intermediate vibrational states in the vicinity of the critical point, where the SDW order parameter changes dramatically, would then allow dynamical control over functional properties. Here we combine double photoexcitation with an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) probe to control and detect the lifetime and magnitude of the intermediate vibrational state near the critical point of the SDW in chromium. We apply Landau theory to identify the mechanism of control as a repeated partial quench and sub picosecond recovery of the SDW. Our results showcase the capabilities to influence and monitor quantum states by combining multiple optical photoexcitations with an XFEL probe. They open new avenues for manipulating and researching the behaviour of photoexcited states in charge and spin order systems near the critical point. Precise control of vibrational states coupled to electronic degrees of freedom could enable control over charge or magnetic order in a material. Here, the authors use a double-pulse photoexcitation combined with an X-ray probe to control vibrational states near the critical point of spin density wave in Cr films.
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27
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Danz T, Domröse T, Ropers C. Ultrafast nanoimaging of the order parameter in a structural phase transition. Science 2021; 371:371-374. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abd2774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Danz
- 4th Physical Institute – Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Till Domröse
- 4th Physical Institute – Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claus Ropers
- 4th Physical Institute – Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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28
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Qian Q, Shen X, Luo D, Jia L, Kozina M, Li R, Lin MF, Reid AH, Weathersby S, Park S, Yang J, Zhou Y, Zhang K, Wang X, Huang S. Coherent Lattice Wobbling and Out-of-Phase Intensity Oscillations of Friedel Pairs Observed by Ultrafast Electron Diffraction. ACS NANO 2020; 14:8449-8458. [PMID: 32538617 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The inspection of Friedel's law in ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) is important to gain a comprehensive understanding of material atomic structure and its dynamic response. Here, monoclinic gallium telluride (GaTe), as a low-symmetry, layered crystal in contrast to many other 2D materials, is investigated by mega-electronvolt UED. Strong out-of-phase oscillations of Bragg peak intensities are observed for Friedel pairs, which does not obey Friedel's law. As evidenced by the preserved mirror symmetry and supported by both kinematic and dynamic scattering simulations, the intensity oscillations are provoked by the lowest-order longitudinal acoustic breathing phonon. Our results provide a generalized understanding of Friedel's law in UED and demonstrate that by designed misalignment of surface normal and primitive lattice vectors, coherent lattice wobbling and effective shear strain can be generated in crystal films by laser pulse excitation, which is otherwise hard to achieve and can be further utilized to dynamically tune and switch material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingkai Qian
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Xiaozhe Shen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Duan Luo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Lanxin Jia
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Michael Kozina
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Renkai Li
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming-Fu Lin
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Alexander H Reid
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Stephen Weathersby
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Suji Park
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Jie Yang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kunyan Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Xijie Wang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Shengxi Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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29
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Yumigeta K, Kopas C, Blei M, Hajra D, Shen Y, Trivedi D, Kolari P, Newman N, Tongay S. Low-temperature synthesis of 2D anisotropic MoTe 2 using a high-pressure soft sputtering technique. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:1443-1448. [PMID: 36132307 PMCID: PMC9419816 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00066c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a high-pressure soft sputtering technique that can grow large area 1T' phase MoTe2 sheets on HOPG and Al2O3 substrates at temperatures as low as 300 °C. The results show that a single Mo/Te co-sputtering step on heated substrates produces highly defected films as a result of the low Te sticking coefficient. The stoichiometry is significantly improved when a 2-step technique is used, which first co-sputters Mo and Te onto an unheated substrate and then anneals the deposited material to crystalize it into 1T' phase MoTe2. A MoTe2-x 1T' film with the lowest Te vacancy content (x = 0.14) was synthesized using a 300 °C annealing step, but a higher processing temperature was prohibited due to MoTe2 decomposition with an activation energy of 80.7 kJ mol-1. However, additional ex situ thermal processing at ∼1 torr tellurium pressure can further reduce the Te-vacancy (VTe) concentration, resulting in an improvement in the composition from MoTe1.86 to MoTe1.9. Hall measurements indicate that the films produced with the 2-step in situ process are n-type with a carrier concentration of 4.6 × 1014 cm-2 per layer, presumably from the large VTe concentration stabilizing the 1T' over the 2H phase. Our findings (a) demonstrate that large scale synthesis of tellurium based vdW materials is possible using industrial growth and processing techniques and (b) accentuate the challenges in producing stoichiometric MoTe2 thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Yumigeta
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Cameron Kopas
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Mark Blei
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Debarati Hajra
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Yuxia Shen
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Dipesh Trivedi
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Pranvera Kolari
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Nathan Newman
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Sefaattin Tongay
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
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Juraschek DM, Meier QN, Narang P. Parametric Excitation of an Optically Silent Goldstone-Like Phonon Mode. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:117401. [PMID: 32242728 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.117401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It has recently been indicated that the hexagonal manganites exhibit Higgs- and Goldstone-like phonon modes that modulate the amplitude and phase of their primary order parameter. Here, we describe a mechanism by which a silent Goldstone-like phonon mode can be coherently excited, which is based on nonlinear coupling to an infrared-active Higgs-like phonon mode. Using a combination of first-principles calculations and phenomenological modeling, we describe the coupled Higgs-Goldstone dynamics in response to the excitation with a terahertz pulse. Besides theoretically demonstrating coherent control of crystallographic Higgs and Goldstone excitations, we show that the previously inaccessible silent phonon modes can be excited coherently with this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik M Juraschek
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Quintin N Meier
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Prineha Narang
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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31
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Nakatsugawa K, Tanda S, Ikeda TN. Multivalley Free Energy Landscape and the Origin of Stripe and Quasi-Stripe CDW Structures in Monolayer MX 2 Compounds. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1239. [PMID: 31988358 PMCID: PMC6985243 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrathin sheets of transition metal dichalcogenides (MX2) with charge density waves (CDWs) is increasingly gaining interest as a promising candidate for graphene-like devices. Although experimental data including stripe/quasi-stripe structure and hidden states have been reported, the ground state of ultrathin MX2 compounds and, in particular, the origin of anisotropic (stripe and quasi-stripe) CDW phases is a long-standing problem. Anisotropic CDW phases have been explained by Coulomb interaction between domain walls and inter-layer interaction. However, these models assume that anisotropic domain walls can exist in the first place. Here, we report that anisotropic CDW domain walls can appear naturally without assuming anisotropic interactions: We explain the origin of these phases by topological defect theory (line defects in a two-dimensional plane) and interference between harmonics of macroscopic CDW wave functions. We revisit the McMillan-Nakanishi-Shiba model for monolayer 1T-TaS2 and 2H-TaSe2 and show that CDWs with wave vectors that are separated by 120° (i.e. the three-fold rotation symmetry of the underlying lattice) contain a free-energy landscape with many local minima. Then, we remove this 120° constraint and show that free energy local minima corresponding to the stripe and quasi-stripe phases appear. Our results imply that Coulomb interaction between domain walls and inter-layer interaction may be secondary factors for the appearance of stripe and quasi-stripe CDW phases. Furthermore, this model explains our recent experimental result (appearance of the quasi-stripe structure in monolayer 1T-TaS2) and can predict new CDW phases, hence it may become the basis to study CDW further. We anticipate our results to be a starting point for further study in two-dimensional physics, such as explanation of “Hidden CDW states”, study the interplay between supersolid symmetry and lattice symmetry, and application to other van der Waals structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Nakatsugawa
- Department of Applied Physics, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 0608628, Hokkaido, Japan. .,Center of Education and Research for Topological Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Tanda
- Department of Applied Physics, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 0608628, Hokkaido, Japan. .,Center of Education and Research for Topological Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Tatsuhiko N Ikeda
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8581, Chiba, Japan.
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32
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Zhang J, Lian C, Guan M, Ma W, Fu H, Guo H, Meng S. Photoexcitation Induced Quantum Dynamics of Charge Density Wave and Emergence of a Collective Mode in 1 T-TaS 2. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:6027-6034. [PMID: 31416307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photoexcitation is a powerful means in distinguishing different interactions and manipulating the states of matter, especially in charge density wave (CDW) materials. The CDW state of 1T-TaS2 has been widely studied experimentally mainly because of its intriguing laser-induced ultrafast responses of electronic and lattice subsystems. However, the microscopic atomic dynamics and underlying electronic mechanism upon photoexcitation remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate photoexcitation induced ultrafast dynamics of CDW in 1T-TaS2 using time-dependent density functional theory molecular dynamics. We discover a novel collective oscillation mode between the CDW state and a transient state induced by photodoping, which is significantly different from thermally induced phonon mode and attributed to the modification of the potential energy surface from laser excitation. In addition, our finding validates nonthermal melting of CDW induced at low light intensities, supporting that conventional hot electron model is inadequate to explain photoinduced dynamics. Our results provide a deep insight into the coherent electron and lattice quantum dynamics during the formation and excitation of CDW in 1T-TaS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Chao Lian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Mengxue Guan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Huixia Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Haizhong Guo
- School of Physics and Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450001 , P. R. China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory , Dongguan , Guangdong 523808 , P. R. China
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33
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Excitation and Relaxation Dynamics of the Photo-Perturbed Correlated Electron System 1T-TaS2. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app9010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the perturbation and subsequent recovery of the correlated electronic ground state of the Mott insulator 1T-TaS 2 by means of femtosecond time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in normal emission geometry. Upon an increase of near-infrared excitation strength, a considerable collapse of the occupied Hubbard band is observed, which reflects a quench of short-range correlations. It is furthermore found that these excitations are directly linked to the lifting of the periodic lattice distortion which provides the localization centers for the formation of the insulating Mott state. We discuss the observed dynamics in a localized real-space picture.
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