1
|
Xiao B, Zhou J, Christen JL, Zeng W, Peng W. Research on strain aging behavior of ultra-high strength dual-phase steel. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20960. [PMID: 37920495 PMCID: PMC10618553 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The bake hardening value is one of the vital strength indexes of dual-phase steel, representing the strengthening ability of materials after pre-strain and baking, playing an important role in vehicle safety and lightweight design. Studying and improving the strain aging mechanism of dual-phase steel helps one to understand the material characteristics and enhances its utilization value. However, the ultra-high strength dual-phase steel is often prone to fracture outside the gauge length of a tensile specimen of the bake hardening value test. No suitable theory explains the fundamental law of dislocation pinning during the saturation stage at present. This paper used FEA, DIC, SEM, TEM, internal friction, and metallographic methods to study the strain aging behavior of dual-phase steels under different pre-strain, bake time, and bake temperature conditions. The results show that the fracture outside the gauge length is related to factors such as the uneven distribution of pre-strain and the ultra-high upper yield strength. The rolling pin shape tensile specimen testing has successfully solved this testing problem. The measured results at the saturation stage of dislocation pinning are in good agreement with the fitting results of the dislocation pinning strengthen mechanism based on the probability event quantization assumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Xiao
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Valin ArcelorMittal Automotive Steel Co., LTD., Loudi, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | | | - Weimin Zeng
- Valin ArcelorMittal Automotive Steel Co., LTD., Loudi, China
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Wenyi Peng
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen S, Liu P, Pei Q, Yu ZG, Aitken ZH, Li W, Wu Z, Banerjee R, Srolovitz DJ, Liaw PK, Zhang YW. Ideal plasticity and shape memory of nanolamellar high-entropy alloys. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi5817. [PMID: 37831772 PMCID: PMC10575575 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi5817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship among elemental compositions, nanolamellar microstructures, and mechanical properties enables the rational design of high-entropy alloys (HEAs). Here, we construct nanolamellar AlxCoCuFeNi HEAs with alternating high- and low-Al concentration layers and explore their mechanical properties using a combination of molecular dynamic simulation and density functional theory calculation. Our results show that the HEAs with nanolamellar structures exhibit ideal plastic behavior during uniaxial tensile loading, a feature not observed in homogeneous HEAs. This remarkable ideal plasticity is attributed to the unique deformation mechanisms of phase transformation coupled with dislocation nucleation and propagation in the high-Al concentration layers and the confinement and slip-blocking effect of the low-Al concentration layers. Unexpectedly, this ideal plasticity is fully reversible upon unloading, leading to a remarkable shape memory effect. Our work highlights the importance of nanolamellar structures in controlling the mechanical and functional properties of HEAs and presents a fascinating route for the design of HEAs for both functional and structural applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ping Liu
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Qingxiang Pei
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhi Gen Yu
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zachary H. Aitken
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wanghui Li
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhaoxuan Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rajarshi Banerjee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA
| | - David J. Srolovitz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peter K. Liaw
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Yong-Wei Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiao M, Lei Z, Wu Y, Du J, Zhou XY, Li W, Yuan X, Liu X, Zhu X, Wang S, Zhu H, Cao P, Liu X, Zhang X, Wang H, Jiang S, Lu Z. Manipulating the ordered oxygen complexes to achieve high strength and ductility in medium-entropy alloys. Nat Commun 2023; 14:806. [PMID: 36781880 PMCID: PMC9925791 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen solute strengthening is an effective strategy to harden alloys, yet, it often deteriorates the ductility. Ordered oxygen complexes (OOCs), a state between random interstitials and oxides, can simultaneously enhance strength and ductility in high-entropy alloys. However, whether this particular strengthening mechanism holds in other alloys and how these OOCs are tailored remain unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that OOCs can be obtained in bcc (body-centered-cubic) Ti-Zr-Nb medium-entropy alloys via adjusting the content of Nb and oxygen. Decreasing the phase stability enhances the degree of (Ti, Zr)-rich chemical short-range orderings, and then favors formation of OOCs after doping oxygen. Moreover, the number density of OOCs increases with oxygen contents in a given alloy, but adding excessive oxygen (>3.0 at.%) causes grain boundary segregation. Consequently, the tensile yield strength is enhanced by ~75% and ductility is substantially improved by ~164% with addition of 3.0 at.% O in the Ti-30Zr-14Nb MEA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiyuan Jiao
- grid.69775.3a0000 0004 0369 0705Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Zhifeng Lei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China.
| | - Yuan Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083, Beijing, China.
| | - Jinlong Du
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ye Zhou
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060 Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenyue Li
- grid.69775.3a0000 0004 0369 0705Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Yuan
- grid.69775.3a0000 0004 0369 0705Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochun Liu
- grid.440669.90000 0001 0703 2206Institute of Metals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, 410114 Changsha, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- grid.267323.10000 0001 2151 7939Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 USA
| | - Shudao Wang
- grid.69775.3a0000 0004 0369 0705Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Zhu
- grid.69775.3a0000 0004 0369 0705Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Cao
- grid.69775.3a0000 0004 0369 0705Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Xiongjun Liu
- grid.69775.3a0000 0004 0369 0705Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- grid.69775.3a0000 0004 0369 0705Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- grid.69775.3a0000 0004 0369 0705Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Suihe Jiang
- grid.69775.3a0000 0004 0369 0705Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoping Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chan C, Huo Q, Kumar A, Shi Y, Hong H, Du Y, Ren S, Wong K, Yip C. Heterogeneity and Memory Effect in the Sluggish Dynamics of Vacancy Defects in Colloidal Disordered Crystals and Their Implications to High-Entropy Alloys. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2205522. [PMID: 36310387 PMCID: PMC9799019 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vacancy dynamics of high-density 2D colloidal crystals with a polydispersity in particle size are studied experimentally. Heterogeneity in vacancy dynamics is observed. Inert vacancies that hardly hop to other lattice sites and active vacancies that hop frequently between different lattice sites are found within the same samples. The vacancies show high probabilities of first hopping from one lattice site to another neighboring lattice site, then staying at the new site for some time, and later hopping back to the original site in the next hop. This back-returning hop probability increases monotonically with the increase in packing fraction, up to 83%. This memory effect makes the active vacancies diffuse sluggishly or even get trapped in local regions. Strain-induced vacancy motion on a distorted lattice is also observed. New glassy properties in the disordered crystals are discovered, including the dynamical heterogeneity, the presence of cooperative rearranging regions, memory effect, etc. Similarities between the colloidal disordered crystals and the high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are also discussed. Molecular dynamics simulations further support the experimental observations. These results help to understand the microscopic origin of the sluggish dynamics in materials with ordered structures but in random energy landscapes, such as high-entropy alloys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chor‐Hoi Chan
- Faculty of ScienceHarbin Institute of Technology ShenzhenShenzhen518055China
| | - Qingxiao Huo
- Faculty of ScienceHarbin Institute of Technology ShenzhenShenzhen518055China
| | - Anupam Kumar
- Faculty of ScienceHarbin Institute of Technology ShenzhenShenzhen518055China
| | - Yunhong Shi
- Faculty of ScienceHarbin Institute of Technology ShenzhenShenzhen518055China
| | - Huihui Hong
- Faculty of ScienceHarbin Institute of Technology ShenzhenShenzhen518055China
| | - Yitong Du
- Faculty of ScienceHarbin Institute of Technology ShenzhenShenzhen518055China
| | - Simiao Ren
- Department of Applied PhysicsHong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong KongChina
- Present address:
Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27705USA
| | - Kin‐Ping Wong
- Department of Applied PhysicsHong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong KongChina
| | - Cho‐Tung Yip
- Faculty of ScienceHarbin Institute of Technology ShenzhenShenzhen518055China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qian S, Ni Y, Gong Y, Yang F, Tong Q. Higher Damping Capacities in Gradient Nanograined Metals. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:1491-1496. [PMID: 35112860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The capability of damping mechanical energy in polycrystalline metals depends on the activities of defects such as dislocation and grain boundary (GB). However, operating defects has the opposite effect on strength and damping capacity. In the quest for high damping metals, maintaining the level of strength is desirable in practice. In this work, gradient nanograined structure is considered as a candidate for high-damping metals. The atomistic simulations show that the gradient nanograined models exhibit enhanced damping capacities compared with the homogeneous counterparts. The property can be attributed to the long-range order of GB orientations in gradient grains, where shear stresses facilitate GB sliding. Combined with the extraordinary mechanical properties, the gradient structure achieves a strength-ductility-damping synergy. The results provide promising solutions to the conflicts between mechanical properties and damping capacity in polycrystalline metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Qian
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yifeng Ni
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi Gong
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qi Tong
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cao R, Deng L, Feng Z, Zhao X, Li X, Zhang L. Preparation of natural bio-based Eucommia ulmoides gum/styrene-butadiene rubber composites and the evaluation of their damping and sound absorption properties. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|