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Niu F, Rehmani MS, Yan J. Multilayered regulation and implication of flowering time in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108842. [PMID: 38889533 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Initiation of flowering is a key switch for plants to shift from the vegetative growth to the phase of reproductive growth. This critical phase is essential not only for achieving successful reproduction, but also for facilitating environmental adaptation and maximizing yield potential. In the past decades, the environmental factors and genetic pathways that control flowering time have undergone extensive investigation in both model plant Arabidopsis and various crop species. The impact of environmental factors on plant flowering time is well documented. This paper focuses on the multilayered modulation of flowering time. Recent multi-omics approaches, and genetic screens have revealed additional components that modulate flowering time across various levels, encompassing chromatin modification, transcriptional and post-transcriptional control, as well as translational and post-translational regulation. The interplay between these various layers of regulation creates a finely-tuned system that can respond to a wide variety of inputs and allows plants to adjust flowering time in response to changing environmental conditions. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent progress made in understanding the intricate regulation of flowering time in plants, emphasizing the pivotal molecular components and their intricate interactions. Additionally, we provide an exhaustive list of key genes implicated in the intricate modulation of flowering time and offer a detailed summary of regulators of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and FLOWERING LOCUS (FLC). We also discuss the implications of this knowledge for crop improvement and adaptation to changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Jingli Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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2
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Zhang W, Cheng L, Li K, Xie L, Ji J, Lei X, Jiang A, Chen C, Li H, Li P, Sun Q. Evolutional heterochromatin condensation delineates chromocenter formation and retrotransposon silencing in plants. NATURE PLANTS 2024:10.1038/s41477-024-01746-4. [PMID: 39014153 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Heterochromatic condensates (chromocenters) are critical for maintaining the silencing of heterochromatin. It is therefore puzzling that the presence of chromocenters is variable across plant species. Here we reveal that variations in the plant heterochromatin protein ADCP1 confer a diversity in chromocenter formation via phase separation. ADCP1 physically interacts with the high mobility group protein HMGA to form a complex and mediates heterochromatin condensation by multivalent interactions. The loss of intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in ADCP1 homologues during evolution has led to the absence of prominent chromocenter formation in various plant species, and introduction of IDR-containing ADCP1 with HMGA promotes heterochromatin condensation and retrotransposon silencing. Moreover, plants in the Cucurbitaceae group have evolved an IDR-containing chimaera of ADCP1 and HMGA, which remarkably enables formation of chromocenters. Together, our work uncovers a coevolved mechanism of phase separation in packing heterochromatin and silencing retrotransposons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Zhang
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Cheng
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kuan Li
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Leiming Xie
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyao Ji
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Lei
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Anjie Jiang
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlai Chen
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Pilong Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianwen Sun
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Amiard S, Feit L, Vanrobays E, Simon L, Le Goff S, Loizeau L, Wolff L, Butter F, Bourbousse C, Barneche F, Tatout C, Probst AV. The TELOMERE REPEAT BINDING proteins TRB4 and TRB5 function as transcriptional activators of PRC2-controlled genes to regulate plant development. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100890. [PMID: 38566416 PMCID: PMC11287191 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Plant-specific transcriptional regulators called TELOMERE REPEAT BINDING proteins (TRBs) combine two DNA-binding domains, the GH1 domain, which binds to linker DNA and is shared with H1 histones, and the Myb/SANT domain, which specifically recognizes the telobox DNA-binding site motif. TRB1, TRB2, and TRB3 proteins recruit Polycomb group complex 2 (PRC2) to deposit H3K27me3 and JMJ14 to remove H3K4me3 at gene promoters containing telobox motifs to repress transcription. Here, we demonstrate that TRB4 and TRB5, two related paralogs belonging to a separate TRB clade conserved in spermatophytes, regulate the transcription of several hundred genes involved in developmental responses to environmental cues. TRB4 binds to several thousand sites in the genome, mainly at transcription start sites and promoter regions of transcriptionally active and H3K4me3-marked genes, but, unlike TRB1, it is not enriched at H3K27me3-marked gene bodies. However, TRB4 can physically interact with the catalytic components of PRC2, SWINGER, and CURLY LEAF (CLF). Unexpectedly, we show that TRB4 and TRB5 are required for distinctive phenotypic traits observed in clf mutant plants and thus function as transcriptional activators of several hundred CLF-controlled genes, including key flowering genes. We further demonstrate that TRB4 shares multiple target genes with TRB1 and physically and genetically interacts with members of both TRB clades. Collectively, these results reveal that TRB proteins engage in both positive and negative interactions with other members of the family to regulate plant development through both PRC2-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Amiard
- iGReD, CNRS, Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Léa Feit
- iGReD, CNRS, Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emmanuel Vanrobays
- iGReD, CNRS, Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lauriane Simon
- iGReD, CNRS, Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Samuel Le Goff
- iGReD, CNRS, Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Loriane Loizeau
- iGReD, CNRS, Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Léa Wolff
- Institut de biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Falk Butter
- Institute of Molecular Biology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Clara Bourbousse
- Institut de biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Fredy Barneche
- Institut de biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Tatout
- iGReD, CNRS, Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aline V Probst
- iGReD, CNRS, Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Simon L, Probst AV. Maintenance and dynamic reprogramming of chromatin organization during development. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:657-670. [PMID: 36700345 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Controlled transcription of genes is critical for cell differentiation and development. Gene expression regulation therefore involves a multilayered control from nucleosome composition in histone variants and their post-translational modifications to higher-order folding of chromatin fibers and chromatin interactions in nuclear space. Recent technological advances have allowed gaining insight into these mechanisms, the interplay between local and higher-order chromatin organization, and the dynamic changes that occur during stress response and developmental transitions. In this review, we will discuss chromatin organization from the nucleosome to its three-dimensional structure in the nucleus, and consider how these different layers of organization are maintained during the cell cycle or rapidly reprogrammed during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Simon
- iGReD, CNRS, Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aline V Probst
- iGReD, CNRS, Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Kyung J, Jeon M, Lee I. Recent advances in the chromatin-based mechanism of FLOWERING LOCUS C repression through autonomous pathway genes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:964931. [PMID: 36035698 PMCID: PMC9411803 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.964931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Proper timing of flowering, a phase transition from vegetative to reproductive development, is crucial for plant fitness. The floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) is the major determinant of flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana. In rapid-cycling A. thaliana accessions, which bloom rapidly, FLC is constitutively repressed by autonomous pathway (AP) genes, regardless of photoperiod. Diverse AP genes have been identified over the past two decades, and most of them repress FLC through histone modifications. However, the detailed mechanism underlying such modifications remains unclear. Several recent studies have revealed novel mechanisms to control FLC repression in concert with histone modifications. This review summarizes the latest advances in understanding the novel mechanisms by which AP proteins regulate FLC repression, including changes in chromatin architecture, RNA polymerase pausing, and liquid-liquid phase separation- and ncRNA-mediated gene silencing. Furthermore, we discuss how each mechanism is coupled with histone modifications in FLC chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinseul Kyung
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myeongjune Jeon
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ilha Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Li Z, Pi Y, Fan J, Yang X, Zhai C, Chen H, Wang F, Ding J, Gu T, Li Y, Wu H. High mobility group A3 enhances transcription of the DNA demethylase gene SlDML2 to promote tomato fruit ripening. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:315-328. [PMID: 35171288 PMCID: PMC9070846 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation plays an important role in regulating tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit ripening. Although SlDML2, a DNA demethylase (DML) gene, is critically involved in tomato fruit ripening, little is known about genes that regulate its expression. Using yeast one-hybrid screening, we identified a High Mobility Group A protein, named SlHMGA3, and demonstrated its binding activity to the AT-rich region of the SlDML2 promoter. We produced slhmga3 tomato mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 and observed that slhmga3 fruit reached the breaker stage much later than fruit from the wild-type. We further demonstrated that at the initiation stage of fruit ripening, the increased expression of SlDML2 and ethylene biosynthetic and signaling genes was significantly delayed in slhmga3 fruit, along with delays in ethylene production and demethylation and activation of ripening-associated transcription factor genes. Our results demonstrate that SlHMGA3 plays a role in enhancing SlDML2 expression, and its effects on tomato fruit ripening are largely through DNA demethylation of ripening-associated transcription factor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Junmiao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Changsheng Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tingting Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | - Han Wu
- Author for correspondence:
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Roulé T, Christ A, Hussain N, Huang Y, Hartmann C, Benhamed M, Gutierrez-Marcos J, Ariel F, Crespi M, Blein T. The lncRNA MARS modulates the epigenetic reprogramming of the marneral cluster in response to ABA. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:840-856. [PMID: 35150931 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Clustered organization of biosynthetic non-homologous genes is emerging as a characteristic feature of plant genomes. The co-regulation of clustered genes seems to largely depend on epigenetic reprogramming and three-dimensional chromatin conformation. In this study, we identified the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MARneral Silencing (MARS), localized inside the Arabidopsis marneral cluster, which controls the local epigenetic activation of its surrounding region in response to abscisic acid (ABA). MARS modulates the POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 1 (PRC1) component LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN 1 (LHP1) binding throughout the cluster in a dose-dependent manner, determining H3K27me3 deposition and chromatin condensation. In response to ABA, MARS decoys LHP1 away from the cluster and promotes the formation of a chromatin loop bringing together the MARNERAL SYNTHASE 1 (MRN1) locus and a distal ABA-responsive enhancer. The enrichment of co-regulated lncRNAs in clustered metabolic genes in Arabidopsis suggests that the acquisition of novel non-coding transcriptional units may constitute an additional regulatory layer driving the evolution of biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Roulé
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Aurelie Christ
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nosheen Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Ying Huang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Caroline Hartmann
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Moussa Benhamed
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Federico Ariel
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, FBCB, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Martin Crespi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Thomas Blein
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Wang P, Meng F, Donaldson P, Horan S, Panchy NL, Vischulis E, Winship E, Conner JK, Krysan PJ, Shiu S, Lehti‐Shiu MD. High-throughput measurement of plant fitness traits with an object detection method using Faster R-CNN. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1521-1533. [PMID: 35218008 PMCID: PMC9310946 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Revealing the contributions of genes to plant phenotype is frequently challenging because loss-of-function effects may be subtle or masked by varying degrees of genetic redundancy. Such effects can potentially be detected by measuring plant fitness, which reflects the cumulative effects of genetic changes over the lifetime of a plant. However, fitness is challenging to measure accurately, particularly in species with high fecundity and relatively small propagule sizes such as Arabidopsis thaliana. An image segmentation-based method using the software ImageJ and an object detection-based method using the Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) algorithm were used for measuring two Arabidopsis fitness traits: seed and fruit counts. The segmentation-based method was error-prone (correlation between true and predicted seed counts, r2 = 0.849) because seeds touching each other were undercounted. By contrast, the object detection-based algorithm yielded near perfect seed counts (r2 = 0.9996) and highly accurate fruit counts (r2 = 0.980). Comparing seed counts for wild-type and 12 mutant lines revealed fitness effects for three genes; fruit counts revealed the same effects for two genes. Our study provides analysis pipelines and models to facilitate the investigation of Arabidopsis fitness traits and demonstrates the importance of examining fitness traits when studying gene functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Wang
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- DOE Great Lake Bioenergy Research CenterMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Fanrui Meng
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- DOE Great Lake Bioenergy Research CenterMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Paityn Donaldson
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Sarah Horan
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Nicholas L. Panchy
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological SynthesisUniversity of Tennessee1122 Volunteer Blvd, Suite 106KnoxvilleTN37996‐3410USA
| | - Elyse Vischulis
- Genetics and Genome Sciences Graduate ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Eamon Winship
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Jeffrey K. Conner
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- W.K. Kellogg Biological StationMichigan State University3700 E. Gull Lake DriveHickory CornersMI49060USA
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Graduate ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Patrick J. Krysan
- Department of HorticultureUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWI53705USA
| | - Shin‐Han Shiu
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- DOE Great Lake Bioenergy Research CenterMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Genetics and Genome Sciences Graduate ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Graduate ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science, and EngineeringMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
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9
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Lee KH, Kim DY, Kim W. Regulation of Gene Expression by Telomere Position Effect. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312807. [PMID: 34884608 PMCID: PMC8657463 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many diseases that involve malignant tumors in the elderly affect the quality of human life; therefore, the relationship between aging and pathogenesis in geriatric diseases must be under-stood to develop appropriate treatments for these diseases. Recent reports have shown that epigenetic regulation caused by changes in the local chromatin structure plays an essential role in aging. This review provides an overview of the roles of telomere shortening on genomic structural changes during an age-dependent shift in gene expression. Telomere shortening is one of the most prominent events that is involved in cellular aging and it affects global gene expression through genome rearrangement. This review provides novel insights into the roles of telomere shortening in disease-affected cells during pathogenesis and suggests novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ha Lee
- Division of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea;
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-Y.K.); (W.K.)
| | - Wanil Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-Y.K.); (W.K.)
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10
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Kim J, Sung S. Looping by RNA: Dynamic control of the chromatin loop by long non-coding RNAs in plants. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:1430-1432. [PMID: 34371169 PMCID: PMC9645579 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Sibum Sung
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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