1
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Meena D, Jha S. Autophagy in glioblastoma: A mechanistic perspective. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:605-617. [PMID: 38716809 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most lethal malignancies in humans. Even after surgical resection and aggressive radio- or chemotherapies, patients with GBM can survive for less than 14 months. Extreme inter-tumor and intra-tumor heterogeneity of GBM poses a challenge for resolving recalcitrant GBM pathophysiology. GBM tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibits diverse heterogeneity in cellular composition and processes contributing to tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. Autophagy is such a cellular process; that demonstrates a cell-specific and TME context-dependent role in GBM progression, leading to either the promotion or suppression of GBM progression. Autophagy can regulate GBM cell function directly via regulation of survival, migration, and invasion, or indirectly by affecting GBM TME composition such as immune cell population, tumor metabolism, and glioma stem cells. This review comprehensively investigates the role of autophagy in GBM pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Meena
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sushmita Jha
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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2
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Yang Z, Liu X, Xu H, Teschendorff AE, Xu L, Li J, Fu M, Liu J, Zhou H, Wang Y, Zhang L, He Y, Lv K, Yang H. Integrative analysis of genomic and epigenomic regulation reveals miRNA mediated tumor heterogeneity and immune evasion in lower grade glioma. Commun Biol 2024; 7:824. [PMID: 38971948 PMCID: PMC11227553 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06488-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The expression dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNA) has been widely reported during cancer development, however, the underling mechanism remains largely unanswered. In the present work, we performed a systematic integrative study for genome-wide DNA methylation, copy number variation and miRNA expression data to identify mechanisms underlying miRNA dysregulation in lower grade glioma. We identify 719 miRNAs whose expression was associated with alterations of copy number variation or promoter methylation. Integrative multi-omics analysis revealed four subtypes with differing prognoses. These glioma subtypes exhibited distinct immune-related characteristics as well as clinical and genetic features. By construction of a miRNA regulatory network, we identified candidate miRNAs associated with immune evasion and response to immunotherapy. Finally, eight prognosis related miRNAs were validated to promote cell migration, invasion and proliferation through in vitro experiments. Our study reveals the crosstalk among DNA methylation, copy number variation and miRNA expression for immune regulation in glioma, and could have important implications for patient stratification and development of biomarkers for immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, and Intelligent Medicine Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 131 Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xiaocen Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Andrew E Teschendorff
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lingjie Xu
- Emergency Department, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Minjie Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Hanyu Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yungang He
- Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, and Intelligent Medicine Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 131 Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kun Lv
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
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3
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Lin H, Liu C, Hu A, Zhang D, Yang H, Mao Y. Understanding the immunosuppressive microenvironment of glioma: mechanistic insights and clinical perspectives. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:31. [PMID: 38720342 PMCID: PMC11077829 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the predominant and primary malignant intracranial tumor, poses a formidable challenge due to its immunosuppressive microenvironment, thereby confounding conventional therapeutic interventions. Despite the established treatment regimen comprising surgical intervention, radiotherapy, temozolomide administration, and the exploration of emerging modalities such as immunotherapy and integration of medicine and engineering technology therapy, the efficacy of these approaches remains constrained, resulting in suboptimal prognostic outcomes. In recent years, intensive scrutiny of the inhibitory and immunosuppressive milieu within GBM has underscored the significance of cellular constituents of the GBM microenvironment and their interactions with malignant cells and neurons. Novel immune and targeted therapy strategies have emerged, offering promising avenues for advancing GBM treatment. One pivotal mechanism orchestrating immunosuppression in GBM involves the aggregation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), glioma-associated macrophage/microglia (GAM), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Among these, MDSCs, though constituting a minority (4-8%) of CD45+ cells in GBM, play a central component in fostering immune evasion and propelling tumor progression, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. MDSCs deploy intricate immunosuppressive mechanisms that adapt to the dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME). Understanding the interplay between GBM and MDSCs provides a compelling basis for therapeutic interventions. This review seeks to elucidate the immune regulatory mechanisms inherent in the GBM microenvironment, explore existing therapeutic targets, and consolidate recent insights into MDSC induction and their contribution to GBM immunosuppression. Additionally, the review comprehensively surveys ongoing clinical trials and potential treatment strategies, envisioning a future where targeting MDSCs could reshape the immune landscape of GBM. Through the synergistic integration of immunotherapy with other therapeutic modalities, this approach can establish a multidisciplinary, multi-target paradigm, ultimately improving the prognosis and quality of life in patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaxian Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ankang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Duanwu Zhang
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Institute for Translational Brain Research, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Sun C, Wang S, Ma Z, Zhou J, Ding Z, Yuan G, Pan Y. Neutrophils in glioma microenvironment: from immune function to immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393173. [PMID: 38779679 PMCID: PMC11109384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, effective treatment options for gliomas are still lacking. Neutrophils, as an important member of the tumor microenvironment (TME), are widely distributed in circulation. Recently, the discovery of cranial-meningeal channels and intracranial lymphatic vessels has provided new insights into the origins of neutrophils in the CNS. Neutrophils in the brain may originate more from the skull and adjacent vertebral bone marrow. They cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) under the action of chemokines and enter the brain parenchyma, subsequently migrating to the glioma TME and undergoing phenotypic changes upon contact with tumor cells. Under glycolytic metabolism model, neutrophils show complex and dual functions in different stages of cancer progression, including participation in the malignant progression, immune suppression, and anti-tumor effects of gliomas. Additionally, neutrophils in the TME interact with other immune cells, playing a crucial role in cancer immunotherapy. Targeting neutrophils may be a novel generation of immunotherapy and improve the efficacy of cancer treatments. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of neutrophils infiltrating the central nervous system from the external environment, detailing the origin, functions, classifications, and targeted therapies of neutrophils in the context of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Siwen Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinghuan Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zilin Ding
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yawen Pan
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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5
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Faisal SM, Clewner JE, Stack B, Varela ML, Comba A, Abbud G, Motsch S, Castro MG, Lowenstein PR. Spatiotemporal Insights into Glioma Oncostream Dynamics: Unraveling Formation, Stability, and Disassembly Pathways. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309796. [PMID: 38384234 PMCID: PMC11095212 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains a challenge in Neuro-oncology, with a poor prognosis showing only a 5% survival rate beyond two years. This is primarily due to its aggressiveness and intra-tumoral heterogeneity, which limits complete surgical resection and reduces the efficacy of existing treatments. The existence of oncostreams-neuropathological structures comprising aligned spindle-like cells from both tumor and non-tumor origins- is discovered earlier. Oncostreams are closely linked to glioma aggressiveness and facilitate the spread into adjacent healthy brain tissue. A unique molecular signature intrinsic to oncostreams, with overexpression of key genes (i.e., COL1A1, ACTA2) that drive the tumor's mesenchymal transition and malignancy is also identified. Pre-clinical studies on genetically engineered mouse models demonstrated that COL1A1 inhibition disrupts oncostreams, modifies TME, reduces mesenchymal gene expression, and extends survival. An in vitro model using GFP+ NPA cells to investigate how various treatments affect oncostream dynamics is developed. Analysis showed that factors such as cell density, morphology, neurotransmitter agonists, calcium chelators, and cytoskeleton-targeting drugs influence oncostream formation. This data illuminate the patterns of glioma migration and suggest anti-invasion strategies that can improve GBM patient outcomes when combined with traditional therapies. This work highlights the potential of targeting oncostreams to control glioma invasion and enhance treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed M. Faisal
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Rogel Cancer CentreUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
| | - Jarred E. Clewner
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Rogel Cancer CentreUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
| | - Brooklyn Stack
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Rogel Cancer CentreUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
| | - Maria L. Varela
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Rogel Cancer CentreUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
| | - Andrea Comba
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Rogel Cancer CentreUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
| | - Grace Abbud
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Rogel Cancer CentreUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
| | - Sebastien Motsch
- Department of Statistics and Mathematical SciencesArizona State UniversityTempeArizona85287USA
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Rogel Cancer CentreUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Rogel Cancer CentreUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan48108USA
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6
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Kitagawa Y, Kobayashi A, Cahill DP, Wakimoto H, Tanaka S. Molecular biology and novel therapeutics for IDH mutant gliomas: The new era of IDH inhibitors. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189102. [PMID: 38653436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Gliomas with Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation represent a discrete category of primary brain tumors with distinct and unique characteristics, behaviors, and clinical disease outcomes. IDH mutations lead to aberrant high-level production of the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), which act as a competitive inhibitor of enzymes regulating epigenetics, signaling pathways, metabolism, and various other processes. This review summarizes the significance of IDH mutations, resulting upregulation of D-2HG and the associated molecular pathways in gliomagenesis. With the recent finding of clinically effective IDH inhibitors in these gliomas, this article offers a comprehensive overview of the new era of innovative therapeutic approaches based on mechanistic rationales, encompassing both completed and ongoing clinical trials targeting gliomas with IDH mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kitagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 02114 Boston, MA, USA; Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 02114 Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 1138655 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ami Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 02114 Boston, MA, USA; Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 02114 Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 02114 Boston, MA, USA; Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 02114 Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Shota Tanaka
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7008558, Okayama, Japan
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7
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Liu Y, Ali H, Khan F, Pang L, Chen P. Epigenetic regulation of tumor-immune symbiosis in glioma. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:429-442. [PMID: 38453529 PMCID: PMC11081824 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Glioma is a type of aggressive and incurable brain tumor. Patients with glioma are highly resistant to all types of therapies, including immunotherapies. Epigenetic reprogramming is a key molecular hallmark in tumors across cancer types, including glioma. Mounting evidence highlights a pivotal role of epigenetic regulation in shaping tumor biology and therapeutic responses through mechanisms involving both glioma cells and immune cells, as well as their symbiotic interactions in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of epigenetic regulation that impacts glioma cell biology and tumor immunity in both a cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous manner. Moreover, we provide an overview of potential therapeutic approaches that can disrupt epigenetic-regulated tumor-immune symbiosis in the glioma TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Heba Ali
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Fatima Khan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lizhi Pang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Peiwen Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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8
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Luo S, Li P, Zhang A, Meng L, Huang L, Wu X, Cheng H, Tu H, Gong X. G-CSF improving combined whole brain radiotherapy and immunotherapy prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111705. [PMID: 38412673 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the therapeutic advantage of G-CSF to whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in combination with immunotherapy as a first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastases (BMs). METHODS In this retrospective study, 117 patients (37 in G-CSF group and 80 in no G-CSF group) who underwent first-line WBRT combined with immunotherapy were enrolled. Their survival, intracranial response, BM-related symptoms and toxicity were evaluated. RESULTS The overall survival (OS) of patients in G-CSF group was significantly improved compared to patients no G-CSF group (median time: 14.8 vs 10.2 months; HR: 0.61, 95 % CI: 0.38-0.97, p = 0.035). However, there were no significant differences in intracranial responses between the two groups (p > 0.05). The G-CSF group exhibited a significantly higher rate of relief from BM-related symptoms compared to the no G-CSF group (91.7 % vs 59.5 %, p = 0.037). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses indicated that after-treatment ALC > 0.9 × 10^9/L (HR 0.57, 95 % CI 0.32-0.99, p = 0.046) and Hb > 110 g/dL (HR 0.41, 95 % CI 0.24-0.71, p = 0.001) were significant potential factors associated with extended OS. The addition of G-CSF was well tolerated and effectively reduced the incidence of neutropenia (0 % vs 5.0 %, p = 0.17). CONCLUSION Integrating G-CSF with WBRT and immunotherapy as a first-line treatment for NSCLC-BMs has exhibited significant efficacy and favorable tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Anqi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Litang Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbin Tu
- Department of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomei Gong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Núñez FJ, Banerjee K, Mujeeb AA, Mauser A, Tronrud CE, Zhu Z, Taher A, Kadiyala P, Carney SV, Garcia-Fabiani MB, Comba A, Alghamri MS, McClellan BL, Faisal SM, Nwosu ZC, Hong HS, Qin T, Sartor MA, Ljungman M, Cheng SY, Appelman HD, Lowenstein PR, Lahann J, Lyssiotis CA, Castro MG. Epigenetic Reprogramming of Autophagy Drives Mutant IDH1 Glioma Progression and Response to Radiation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.08.584091. [PMID: 38559270 PMCID: PMC10979892 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.08.584091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (mIDH1; IDH1 R132H ) exhibits a gain of function mutation enabling 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) production. 2HG inhibits DNA and histone demethylases, inducing epigenetic reprogramming and corresponding changes to the transcriptome. We previously demonstrated 2HG-mediated epigenetic reprogramming enhances DNA-damage response and confers radioresistance in mIDH1 gliomas harboring p53 and ATRX loss of function mutations. In this study, RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data revealed human and mouse mIDH1 glioma neurospheres have downregulated gene ontologies related to mitochondrial metabolism and upregulated autophagy. Further analysis revealed that the decreased mitochondrial metabolism was paralleled by a decrease in glycolysis, rendering autophagy as a source of energy in mIDH1 glioma cells. Analysis of autophagy pathways showed that mIDH1 glioma cells exhibited increased expression of pULK1-S555 and enhanced LC3 I/II conversion, indicating augmented autophagy activity. This dependence is reflected by increased sensitivity of mIDH1 glioma cells to autophagy inhibition. Blocking autophagy selectively impairs the growth of cultured mIDH1 glioma cells but not wild-type IDH1 (wtIDH1) glioma cells. Targeting autophagy by systemic administration of synthetic protein nanoparticles packaged with siRNA targeting Atg7 (SPNP-siRNA-Atg7) sensitized mIDH1 glioma cells to radiation-induced cell death, resulting in tumor regression, long-term survival, and immunological memory, when used in combination with IR. Our results indicate autophagy as a critical pathway for survival and maintenance of mIDH1 glioma cells, a strategy that has significant potential for future clinical translation. One Sentence Summary The inhibition of autophagy sensitizes mIDH1 glioma cells to radiation, thus creating a promising therapeutic strategy for mIDH1 glioma patients. Graphical abstract Our genetically engineered mIDH1 mouse glioma model harbors IDH1 R132H in the context of ATRX and TP53 knockdown. The production of 2-HG elicited an epigenetic reprogramming associated with a disruption in mitochondrial activity and an enhancement of autophagy in mIDH1 glioma cells. Autophagy is a mechanism involved in cell homeostasis related with cell survival under energetic stress and DNA damage protection. Autophagy has been associated with radio resistance. The inhibition of autophagy thus radio sensitizes mIDH1 glioma cells and enhances survival of mIDH1 glioma-bearing mice, representing a novel therapeutic target for this glioma subtype with potential applicability in combined clinical strategies.
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Bark SA, Dalmolin M, Malafaia O, Roesler R, Fernandes MAC, Isolan GR. Gene Expression of CSF3R/CD114 Is Associated with Poorer Patient Survival in Glioma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3020. [PMID: 38474265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas comprise most cases of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Gliomas afflict both adults and children, and glioblastoma (GBM) in adults represents the clinically most important type of malignant brain cancer, with a very poor prognosis. The cell surface glycoprotein CD114, which is encoded by the CSF3R gene, acts as the receptor for the granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), and is thus also called GCSFR or CSFR. CD114 is a marker of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and its expression has been reported in several cancer types. In addition, CD114 may represent one among various cases where brain tumors hijack molecular mechanisms involved in neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity. Here, we describe CSF3R mRNA expression in human gliomas and their association with patient prognosis as assessed by overall survival (OS). We found that the levels of CSF3R/CD114 transcripts are higher in a few different types of gliomas, namely astrocytoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, and GBM, in comparison to non-tumoral neural tissue. We also observed that higher expression of CSF3R/CD114 in gliomas is associated with poorer outcome as measured by a shorter OS. Our findings provide early evidence suggesting that CSF3R/CD114 shows a potential role as a prognosis marker of OS in patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Ale Bark
- Graduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical University, Curitiba 80730-000, PR, Brazil
- The Center for Advanced Neurology and Neurosurgery (CEANNE), Porto Alegre 90560-010, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Dalmolin
- InovAI Lab, nPITI/IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment (BioME), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo Malafaia
- Graduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical University, Curitiba 80730-000, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children's Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology-INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A C Fernandes
- InovAI Lab, nPITI/IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment (BioME), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
- Department of Computer Engineering and Automation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R Isolan
- Graduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical University, Curitiba 80730-000, PR, Brazil
- The Center for Advanced Neurology and Neurosurgery (CEANNE), Porto Alegre 90560-010, RS, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children's Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology-INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
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11
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Teran Pumar OY, Lathia JD, Watson DC, Bayik D. 'Slicing' glioblastoma drivers with the Swiss cheese model. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:15-27. [PMID: 37625928 PMCID: PMC10840711 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The Swiss cheese model is used to assess risks and explain accidents in a variety of industries. This model can be applied to dissect the homeostatic mechanisms whose cumulative dysregulation contributes to disease states, including cancer. Using glioblastoma (GBM) as an exemplar, we discuss how specific protumorigenic mechanisms collectively drive disease by affecting genomic integrity, epigenetic regulation, metabolic homeostasis, and antitumor immunity. We further highlight how host factors, such as hormonal differences and aging, impact this process, and the interplay between these 'system failures' that enable tumor progression and foster therapeutic resistance. Finally, we examine therapies that consider the interactions between these elements, which may comprise more effective approaches given the multifaceted protumorigenic mechanisms that drive GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Y Teran Pumar
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Dionysios C Watson
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Medical Oncology Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Defne Bayik
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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12
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Ross JL, Hambardzumyan D. Et tu neutrophils? The brain reprograms neutrophils to facilitate tumor progression. Immunity 2023; 56:2469-2471. [PMID: 37967529 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils have remained understudied in malignant brain tumors. In a recent issue of Cell, Maas et al. analyze brain tumor-patient samples and demonstrate that the brain microenvironment reprograms infiltrating neutrophils to enhance their longevity and increase their immune-suppressive and pro-angiogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Ross
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Departments of Oncological Sciences and Neurosurgery, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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13
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Miller TE, El Farran CA, Couturier CP, Chen Z, D’Antonio JP, Verga J, Villanueva MA, Castro LNG, Tong YE, Saadi TA, Chiocca AN, Fischer DS, Heiland DH, Guerriero JL, Petrecca K, Suva ML, Shalek AK, Bernstein BE. Programs, Origins, and Niches of Immunomodulatory Myeloid Cells in Gliomas. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.24.563466. [PMID: 37961527 PMCID: PMC10634776 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.24.563466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are incurable malignancies notable for an immunosuppressive microenvironment with abundant myeloid cells whose immunomodulatory properties remain poorly defined. Here, utilizing scRNA-seq data for 183,062 myeloid cells from 85 human tumors, we discover that nearly all glioma-associated myeloid cells express at least one of four immunomodulatory activity programs: Scavenger Immunosuppressive, C1Q Immunosuppressive, CXCR4 Inflammatory, and IL1B Inflammatory. All four programs are present in IDH1 mutant and wild-type gliomas and are expressed in macrophages, monocytes, and microglia whether of blood or resident myeloid cell origins. Integrating our scRNA-seq data with mitochondrial DNA-based lineage tracing, spatial transcriptomics, and organoid explant systems that model peripheral monocyte infiltration, we show that these programs are driven by microenvironmental cues and therapies rather than myeloid cell type, origin, or mutation status. The C1Q Immunosuppressive program is driven by routinely administered dexamethasone. The Scavenger Immunosuppressive program includes ligands with established roles in T-cell suppression, is induced in hypoxic regions, and is associated with immunotherapy resistance. Both immunosuppressive programs are less prevalent in lower-grade gliomas, which are instead enriched for the CXCR4 Inflammatory program. Our study provides a framework to understand immunomodulatory myeloid cells in glioma, and a foundation to develop more effective immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler E. Miller
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chadi A. El Farran
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles P. Couturier
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Joshua P. D’Antonio
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Julia Verga
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Martin A. Villanueva
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - L. Nicolas Gonzalez Castro
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Yuzhou Evelyn Tong
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tariq Al Saadi
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrew N. Chiocca
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Dieter Henrik Heiland
- Microenvironment and Immunology Research Laboratory, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Guerriero
- Ludwig Center at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Petrecca
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mario L. Suva
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alex K. Shalek
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Bradley E. Bernstein
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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14
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Salomoni P, Flanagan AM, Cottone L. (B)On(e)-cohistones and the epigenetic alterations at the root of bone cancer. Cell Death Differ 2023:10.1038/s41418-023-01227-9. [PMID: 37828086 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01227-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of mutations in histones in a number of human neoplasms and developmental syndromes represents the most compelling evidence to date for a causal role of epigenetic perturbations in human disease. In most cases, these mutations have gain of function properties that cause deviation from normal developmental processes leading to embryo defects and/or neoplastic transformation. These exciting discoveries represent a step-change in our understanding of the role of chromatin (dys)regulation in development and disease. However, the mechanisms of action of oncogenic histone mutations (oncohistones) remain only partially understood. Here, we critically assess existing literature on oncohistones focussing mainly on bone neoplasms. We show how it is possible to draw parallels with some of the cell-autonomous mechanisms of action described in paediatric brain cancer, although the functions of oncohistones in bone tumours remain under-investigated. In this respect, it is becoming clear that histone mutations targeting the same residues display, at least in part, tissue-specific oncogenic mechanisms. Furthermore, it is emerging that cancer cells carrying oncohistones can modify the surrounding microenvironment to support growth and/or alter differentiation trajectories. A better understanding of oncohistone function in different neoplasms provide potential for identification of signalling that could be targeted therapeutically. Finally, we discuss some of the main concepts and future directions in this research area, while also drawing possible connections and parallels with other cancer epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Salomoni
- Nuclear Function Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- Department of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4LP, UK
- Department of Pathology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Lucia Cottone
- Department of Pathology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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15
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Faisal SM, Castro MG, Lowenstein PR. Combined cytotoxic and immune-stimulatory gene therapy using Ad-TK and Ad-Flt3L: Translational developments from rodents to glioma patients. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2839-2860. [PMID: 37574780 PMCID: PMC10556227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most prevalent and devastating primary malignant brain tumors in adults. Despite substantial advances in understanding glioma biology, there have been no regulatory drug approvals in the US since bevacizumab in 2009 and tumor treating fields in 2011. Recent phase III clinical trials have failed to meet their prespecified therapeutic primary endpoints, highlighting the need for novel therapies. The poor prognosis of glioma patients, resistance to chemo-radiotherapy, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment underscore the need for the development of novel therapies. Gene therapy-based immunotherapeutic strategies that couple the ability of the host immune system to specifically kill glioma cells and develop immunological memory have shown remarkable progress. Two adenoviral vectors expressing Ad-HSV1-TK/GCV and Ad-Flt3L have shown promising preclinical data, leading to FDA approval of a non-randomized, phase I open-label, first in human trial to test safety, cytotoxicity, and immune-stimulatory efficiency in high-grade glioma patients (NCT01811992). This review provides a thorough overview of immune-stimulatory gene therapy highlighting recent advancements, potential drawbacks, future directions, and recommendations for future implementation of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed M Faisal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Rogel Cancer Centre, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Rogel Cancer Centre, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Rogel Cancer Centre, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA.
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16
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Stephens AD, Song Y, McClellan BL, Su SH, Xu S, Chen K, Castro MG, Singer BH, Kurabayashi K. Miniaturized microarray-format digital ELISA enabled by lithographic protein patterning. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 237:115536. [PMID: 37473549 PMCID: PMC10528924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The search for reliable protein biomarker candidates is critical for early disease detection and treatment. However, current immunoassay technologies are failing to meet increasing demands for sensitivity and multiplexing. Here, the authors have created a highly sensitive protein microarray using the principle of single-molecule counting for signal amplification, capable of simultaneously detecting a panel of cancer biomarkers at sub-pg/mL levels. To enable this amplification strategy, the authors introduce a novel method of protein patterning using photolithography to subdivide addressable arrays of capture antibody spots into hundreds of thousands of individual microwells. This allows for the total sensor area to be miniaturized, increasing the total possible multiplex capacity. With the immunoassay realized on a standard 75x25 mm form factor glass substrate, sample volume consumption is minimized to <10 μL, making the technology highly efficient and cost-effective. Additionally, the authors demonstrate the power of their technology by measuring six secretory factors related to glioma tumor progression in a cohort of mice. This highly sensitive, sample-sparing multiplex immunoassay paves the way for researchers to track changes in protein profiles over time, leading to earlier disease detection and discovery of more effective treatment using animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Stephens
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yujing Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Brandon L McClellan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Shiuan-Haur Su
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sonnet Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kevin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Benjamin H Singer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Katsuo Kurabayashi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA.
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17
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Umemura Y, Orringer D, Junck L, Varela ML, West MEJ, Faisal SM, Comba A, Heth J, Sagher O, Leung D, Mammoser A, Hervey-Jumper S, Zamler D, Yadav VN, Dunn P, Al-Holou W, Hollon T, Kim MM, Wahl DR, Camelo-Piragua S, Lieberman AP, Venneti S, McKeever P, Lawrence T, Kurokawa R, Sagher K, Altshuler D, Zhao L, Muraszko K, Castro MG, Lowenstein PR. Combined cytotoxic and immune-stimulatory gene therapy for primary adult high-grade glioma: a phase 1, first-in-human trial. Lancet Oncol 2023; 24:1042-1052. [PMID: 37657463 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-grade gliomas have a poor prognosis and do not respond well to treatment. Effective cancer immune responses depend on functional immune cells, which are typically absent from the brain. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and activity of two adenoviral vectors expressing HSV1-TK (Ad-hCMV-TK) and Flt3L (Ad-hCMV-Flt3L) in patients with high-grade glioma. METHODS In this dose-finding, first-in-human trial, treatment-naive adults aged 18-75 years with newly identified high-grade glioma that was evaluated per immunotherapy response assessment in neuro-oncology criteria, and a Karnofsky Performance Status score of 70 or more, underwent maximal safe resection followed by injections of adenoviral vectors expressing HSV1-TK and Flt3L into the tumour bed. The study was conducted at the University of Michigan Medical School, Michigan Medicine (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). The study included six escalating doses of viral particles with starting doses of 1×1010 Ad-hCMV-TK viral particles and 1×109 Ad-hCMV-Flt3L viral particles (cohort A), and then 1×1011 Ad-hCMV-TK viral particles and 1×109 Ad-hCMV-Flt3L viral particles (cohort B), 1×1010 Ad-hCMV-TK viral particles and 1×1010 Ad-hCMV-Flt3L viral particles (cohort C), 1×1011 Ad-hCMV-TK viral particles and 1×1010 Ad-hCMV-Flt3L viral particles (cohort D), 1×1010 Ad-hCMV-TK viral particles and 1×1011 Ad-hCMV-Flt3L viral particles (cohort E), and 1×1011 Ad-hCMV-TK viral particles and 1×1011 Ad-hCMV-Flt3L viral particles (cohort F) following a 3+3 design. Two 1 mL tuberculin syringes were used to deliver freehand a mix of Ad-hCMV-TK and Ad-hCMV-Flt3L vectors into the walls of the resection cavity with a total injection of 2 mL distributed as 0·1 mL per site across 20 locations. Subsequently, patients received two 14-day courses of valacyclovir (2 g orally, three times per day) at 1-3 days and 10-12 weeks after vector administration and standad upfront chemoradiotherapy. The primary endpoint was the maximum tolerated dose of Ad-hCMV-Flt3L and Ad-hCMV-TK. Overall survival was a secondary endpoint. Recruitment is complete and the trial is finished. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01811992. FINDINGS Between April 8, 2014, and March 13, 2019, 21 patients were assessed for eligibility and 18 patients with high-grade glioma were enrolled and included in the analysis (three patients in each of the six dose cohorts); eight patients were female and ten were male. Neuropathological examination identified 14 (78%) patients with glioblastoma, three (17%) with gliosarcoma, and one (6%) with anaplastic ependymoma. The treatment was well-tolerated, and no dose-limiting toxicity was observed. The maximum tolerated dose was not reached. The most common serious grade 3-4 adverse events across all treatment groups were wound infection (four events in two patients) and thromboembolic events (five events in four patients). One death due to an adverse event (respiratory failure) occurred but was not related to study treatment. No treatment-related deaths occurred during the study. Median overall survival was 21·3 months (95% CI 11·1-26·1). INTERPRETATION The combination of two adenoviral vectors demonstrated safety and feasibility in patients with high-grade glioma and warrants further investigation in a phase 1b/2 clinical trial. FUNDING Funded in part by Phase One Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, The Board of Governors at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, and The Rogel Cancer Center at The University of Michigan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshie Umemura
- Department of Neurology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel Orringer
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Larry Junck
- Department of Neurology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maria L Varela
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Molly E J West
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Syed M Faisal
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrea Comba
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jason Heth
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Oren Sagher
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Denise Leung
- Department of Neurology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Aaron Mammoser
- Department of Neurology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shawn Hervey-Jumper
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel Zamler
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Viveka N Yadav
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Patrick Dunn
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wajd Al-Holou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Todd Hollon
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michelle M Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel R Wahl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sandra Camelo-Piragua
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew P Lieberman
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sriram Venneti
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Paul McKeever
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Theodore Lawrence
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ryo Kurokawa
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen Sagher
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David Altshuler
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karin Muraszko
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan School of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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18
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Kang YJ, Diep YN, Tran M, Tran VTA, Ambrin G, Ngo H, Cho H. Three-dimensional human neural culture on a chip recapitulating neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Nat Protoc 2023; 18:2838-2867. [PMID: 37542184 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has either beneficial or detrimental effects, depending on risk factors and neuron-glia interactions in neurological disorders. However, studying neuroinflammation has been challenging due to the complexity of cell-cell interactions and lack of physio-pathologically relevant neuroinflammatory models. Here, we describe our three-dimensional microfluidic multicellular human neural culture model, referred to as a 'brain-on-a-chip' (BoC). This elucidates neuron-glia interactions in a controlled manner and recapitulates pathological signatures of the major neurological disorders: dementia, brain tumor and brain edema. This platform includes a chemotaxis module offering a week-long, stable chemo-gradient compared with the few hours in other chemotaxis models. Additionally, compared with conventional brain models cultured with mixed phenotypes of microglia, our BoC can separate the disease-associated microglia out of heterogeneous population and allow selective neuro-glial engagement in three dimensions. This provides benefits of interpreting the neuro-glia interactions while revealing that the prominent activation of innate immune cells is the risk factor leading to synaptic impairment and neuronal loss, validated in our BoC models of disorders. This protocol describes how to fabricate and implement our human BoC, manipulate in real time and perform end-point analyses. It takes 2 d to set up the device and cell preparations, 1-9 weeks to develop brain models under disease conditions and 2-3 d to carry out analyses. This protocol requires at least 1 month training for researchers with basic molecular biology techniques. Taken together, our human BoCs serve as reliable and valuable platforms to investigate pathological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation and to assess therapeutic strategies modulating neuroinflammation in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Jung Kang
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yen N Diep
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minh Tran
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Van Thi Ai Tran
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ghuncha Ambrin
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Huyen Ngo
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansang Cho
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Rahme GJ, Javed NM, Puorro KL, Xin S, Hovestadt V, Johnstone SE, Bernstein BE. Modeling epigenetic lesions that cause gliomas. Cell 2023; 186:3674-3685.e14. [PMID: 37494934 PMCID: PMC10530192 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic lesions that disrupt regulatory elements represent potential cancer drivers. However, we lack experimental models for validating their tumorigenic impact. Here, we model aberrations arising in isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant gliomas, which exhibit DNA hypermethylation. We focus on a CTCF insulator near the PDGFRA oncogene that is recurrently disrupted by methylation in these tumors. We demonstrate that disruption of the syntenic insulator in mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) allows an OPC-specific enhancer to contact and induce Pdgfra, thereby increasing proliferation. We show that a second lesion, methylation-dependent silencing of the Cdkn2a tumor suppressor, cooperates with insulator loss in OPCs. Coordinate inactivation of the Pdgfra insulator and Cdkn2a drives gliomagenesis in vivo. Despite locus synteny, the insulator is CpG-rich only in humans, a feature that may confer human glioma risk but complicates mouse modeling. Our study demonstrates the capacity of recurrent epigenetic lesions to drive OPC proliferation in vitro and gliomagenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert J Rahme
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nauman M Javed
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kaitlyn L Puorro
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Shouhui Xin
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Volker Hovestadt
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sarah E Johnstone
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Bradley E Bernstein
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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20
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Gallus M, Kwok D, Lakshmanachetty S, Yamamichi A, Okada H. Immunotherapy Approaches in Isocitrate-Dehydrogenase-Mutant Low-Grade Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3726. [PMID: 37509387 PMCID: PMC10378701 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are slow-growing tumors in the central nervous system (CNS). Patients characteristically show the onset of seizures or neurological deficits due to the predominant LGG location in high-functional brain areas. As a molecular hallmark, LGGs display mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes, resulting in an altered cellular energy metabolism and the production of the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate. Despite the remarkable progress in improving the extent of resection and adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, LGG remains incurable, and secondary malignant transformation is often observed. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. In recent years, immunotherapeutic strategies have led to tremendous success in various cancer types, but the effect of immunotherapy against glioma has been limited due to several challenges, such as tumor heterogeneity and the immunologically "cold" tumor microenvironment. Nevertheless, recent preclinical and clinical findings from immunotherapy trials are encouraging and offer a glimmer of hope for treating IDH-mutant LGG patients. Here, we aim to review the lessons learned from trials involving vaccines, T-cell therapies, and IDH-mutant inhibitors and discuss future approaches to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapies in IDH-mutant LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gallus
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Darwin Kwok
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Akane Yamamichi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hideho Okada
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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21
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Garcia-Fabiani MB, Haase S, Banerjee K, McClellan B, Zhu Z, Mujeeb A, Li Y, Yu J, Kadiyala P, Taher A, Núñez FJ, Alghamri MS, Comba A, Mendez FM, Nicola Candia AJ, Salazar B, Koschmann C, Nunez FM, Edwards M, Qin T, Sartor MA, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. H3.3-G34R Mutation-Mediated Epigenetic Reprogramming Leads to Enhanced Efficacy of Immune Stimulatory Gene Therapy in Pediatric High-Grade Gliomas. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.13.544658. [PMID: 37398299 PMCID: PMC10312611 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.13.544658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) are diffuse and highly aggressive CNS tumors which remain incurable, with a 5-year overall survival of less than 20%. Within glioma, mutations in the genes encoding the histones H3.1 and H3.3 have been discovered to be age-restricted and specific of pHGGs. This work focuses on the study of pHGGs harboring the H3.3-G34R mutation. H3.3-G34R tumors represent the 9-15% of pHGGs, are restricted to the cerebral hemispheres, and are found predominantly in the adolescent population (median 15.0 years). We have utilized a genetically engineered immunocompetent mouse model for this subtype of pHGG generated via the Sleeping Beauty-transposon system. The analysis of H3.3-G34R genetically engineered brain tumors by RNA-Sequencing and ChIP-Sequencing revealed alterations in the molecular landscape associated to H3.3-G34R expression. In particular, the expression of H3.3-G34R modifies the histone marks deposited at the regulatory elements of genes belonging to the JAK/STAT pathway, leading to an increased activation of this pathway. This histone G34R-mediated epigenetic modifications lead to changes in the tumor immune microenvironment of these tumors, towards an immune-permissive phenotype, making these gliomas susceptible to TK/Flt3L immune-stimulatory gene therapy. The application of this therapeutic approach increased median survival of H3.3-G34R tumor bearing animals, while stimulating the development of anti-tumor immune response and immunological memory. Our data suggests that the proposed immune-mediated gene therapy has potential for clinical translation for the treatment of patients harboring H3.3-G34R high grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria B. Garcia-Fabiani
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Current address: Leloir Institute Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Haase
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brandon McClellan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ziwen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anzar Mujeeb
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yingxiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jin Yu
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Current address: Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Padma Kadiyala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ayman Taher
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Felipe J. Núñez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mahmoud S. Alghamri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Andrea Comba
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Flor M. Mendez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alejandro J. Nicola Candia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brittany Salazar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Chad Carr Pediatric Brain Tumor Center, University of Michigan Medical School, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fernando M. Nunez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marta Edwards
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tingting Qin
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maureen A. Sartor
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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22
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Ren AL, Wu JY, Lee SY, Lim M. Translational Models in Glioma Immunotherapy Research. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:5704-5718. [PMID: 37366911 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30060428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic domain for the treatment of gliomas. However, clinical trials of various immunotherapeutic modalities have not yielded significant improvements in patient survival. Preclinical models for glioma research should faithfully represent clinically observed features regarding glioma behavior, mutational load, tumor interactions with stromal cells, and immunosuppressive mechanisms. In this review, we dive into the common preclinical models used in glioma immunology, discuss their advantages and disadvantages, and highlight examples of their utilization in translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander L Ren
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Janet Y Wu
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Si Yeon Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
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23
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Eisenbarth D, Wang YA. Glioblastoma heterogeneity at single cell resolution. Oncogene 2023; 42:2155-2165. [PMID: 37277603 PMCID: PMC10913075 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the deadliest types of cancer and highly refractory to chemoradiation and immunotherapy. One of the main reasons for this resistance to therapy lies within the heterogeneity of the tumor and its associated microenvironment. The vast diversity of cell states, composition of cells, and phenotypical characteristics makes it difficult to accurately classify GBM into distinct subtypes and find effective therapies. The advancement of sequencing technologies in recent years has further corroborated the heterogeneity of GBM at the single cell level. Recent studies have only begun to elucidate the different cell states present in GBM and how they correlate with sensitivity to therapy. Furthermore, it has become clear that GBM heterogeneity not only depends on intrinsic factors but also strongly differs between new and recurrent GBM, and treatment naïve and experienced patients. Understanding and connecting the complex cellular network that underlies GBM heterogeneity will be indispensable in finding new ways to tackle this deadly disease. Here, we present an overview of the multiple layers of GBM heterogeneity and discuss novel findings in the age of single cell technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eisenbarth
- The Brown Center for Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Y Alan Wang
- The Brown Center for Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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24
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Li L, Hou M, Fang S. Application of colony-stimulating factor 3 in determining the prognosis of high-grade gliomas based on magnetic resonance imaging radiomics. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15325. [PMID: 37095939 PMCID: PMC10122032 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale and objectives Radiomics is a promising, non-invasive method for determining the prognosis of high-grade glioma (HGG). The connection between radiomics and the HGG prognostic biomarker is still insufficient. Materials and methods In this study, we collected the pathological, clinical, RNA-sequencing, and enhanced MRI data of HGG from TCIA and TCGA databases. We characterized the prognostic value of CSF3. Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression, subgroup analysis, Spearman analysis, and gene set variation analysis enrichment were used to elucidate the prognostic value of the CSF3 gene and the correlation between CSF3 and tumor features. We used CIBERSORT to analyze the correlation between CSF3 and cancer immune infiltrates. Logistic regression (LR) and support vector machine methods (SVM) were used to build the radiomics models for the prognosis prediction of HGG based on the expression of CSF3. Results Based on the radiomics score calculated from LR model, 182 patients with HGG from TCGA database were divided into radiomics score (RS) high and low groups. CSF3 expression varied between tumor and normal group tissues. CSF3 expression was found to be a significant risk factor for survival outcomes. A positive association was found between CSF3 expression and immune infiltration. The radiomics model based on both LR and SVM methods showed high clinical practicability. Conclusion The results showed that CSF3 has a prognostic value in HGG. The developed radiomics models can predict the expression of CSF3, and further validate the predictions of the radiomics models for HGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leina Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Laboratory Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Meidan Hou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shaobo Fang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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25
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Lad BM, Beniwal AS, Jain S, Shukla P, Jung J, Shah SS, Yagnik G, Babikir H, Nguyen AT, Gill S, Young JS, Lui A, Salha D, Diaz A, Aghi MK. Glioblastoma induces the recruitment and differentiation of hybrid neutrophils from skull bone marrow. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.24.534105. [PMID: 36993266 PMCID: PMC10055347 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.24.534105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated neutrophil (TAN) effects on glioblastoma biology remain under-characterized. We show here that 'hybrid' neutrophils with dendritic features - including morphological complexity, expression of antigen presentation genes, and the ability to process exogenous peptide and stimulate MHCII-dependent T cell activation - accumulate intratumorally and suppress tumor growth in vivo . Trajectory analysis of patient TAN scRNA-seq identifies this phenotype as a polarization state which is distinct from canonical cytotoxic TANs and differentiates intratumorally from immature precursors absent in circulation. Rather, these hybrid-inducible immature neutrophils - which we identified in patient and murine glioblastomas - arise from local skull marrow. Through labeled skull flap transplantation and targeted ablation, we characterize calvarial marrow as a potent contributor of antitumoral myeloid APCs, including hybrid TANs and dendritic cells, which elicit T cell cytotoxicity and memory. As such, agents augmenting neutrophil egress from skull marrow - such as intracalvarial AMD3100 whose survival prolonging-effect in GBM we demonstrate - present therapeutic potential.
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Lee-Chang C, Lesniak MS. Next-generation antigen-presenting cell immune therapeutics for gliomas. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e163449. [PMID: 36719372 PMCID: PMC9888388 DOI: 10.1172/jci163449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen presentation machinery and professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are fundamental for an efficacious immune response against cancers, especially in the context of T cell-centric immunotherapy. Dendritic cells (DCs), the gold standard APCs, play a crucial role in initiating and maintaining a productive antigen-specific adaptive immunity. In recent decades, ex vivo-differentiated DCs from circulating CD14+ monocytes have become the reference for APC-based immunotherapy. DCs loaded with tumor-associated antigens, synthetic peptides, or RNA activate T cells with antitumor properties. This strategy has paved the way for the development of alternative antigen-presenting vaccination strategies, such as monocytes, B cells, and artificial APCs, that have shown effective therapeutic outcomes in preclinical cancer models. The search for alternative APC platforms was initiated by the overall limited clinical impact of DC vaccines, especially in indications such as gliomas, a primary brain tumor known for resistance to any immune intervention. In this Review, we navigate the APC immune therapeutics' past, present, and future in the context of primary brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Lee-Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Maciej S. Lesniak
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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DiVita Dean B, Wildes T, Dean J, Yegorov O, Yang C, Shin D, Francis C, Figg JW, Sebastian M, Font LF, Jin D, Reid A, Moore G, Fernandez B, Wummer B, Kuizon C, Mitchell D, Flores CT. Immunotherapy reverses glioma-driven dysfunction of immune system homeostasis. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e004805. [PMID: 36750252 PMCID: PMC9906384 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma-induced immune dysregulation of the hematopoietic system has been described in a limited number of studies. In this study, our group further demonstrates that gliomas interrupt the cellular differentiation programming and outcomes of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow. HSPCs from glioma-bearing mice are reprogrammed and driven towards expansion of myeloid lineage precursors and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in secondary lymphoid organs. However, we found this expansion is reversed by immunotherapy. Adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) has been demonstrably efficacious in multiple preclinical models of central nervous system (CNS) malignancies, and here we describe how glioma-induced dysfunction is reversed by this immunotherapeutic platform. METHODS The impact of orthotopic KR158B-luc glioma on HSPCs was evaluated in an unbiased fashion using single cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) of lineage- cells and phenotypically using flow cytometry. Mature myeloid cell frequencies and function were also evaluated using flow cytometry. Finally, ACT containing total body irradiation, tumor RNA-pulsed dendritic cells, tumor-reactive T cells and HSPCs isolated from glioma-bearing or non-tumor-bearing mice were used to evaluate cell fate differentiation and survival. RESULTS Using scRNAseq, we observed an altered HSPC landscape in glioma-bearing versus non-tumor-bearing mice . In addition, an expansion of myeloid lineage subsets, including granulocyte macrophage precursors (GMPs) and MDSCs, were observed in glioma-bearing mice relative to non-tumor-bearing controls. Furthermore, MDSCs from glioma-bearing mice demonstrated increased suppressive capacity toward tumor-specific T cells as compared with MDSCs from non-tumor-bearing hosts. Interestingly, treatment with ACT overcame these suppressive properties. When HSPCs from glioma-bearing mice were transferred in the context of ACT, we observed significant survival benefit and long-term cures in orthotopic glioma models compared with mice treated with ACT using non-glioma-bearing HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayli DiVita Dean
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Tyler Wildes
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Joseph Dean
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Oleg Yegorov
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Changlin Yang
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - David Shin
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Connor Francis
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - John W Figg
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mathew Sebastian
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Laura Falceto Font
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Dan Jin
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alexandra Reid
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ginger Moore
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Brandon Fernandez
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Brandon Wummer
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Carmelle Kuizon
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Duane Mitchell
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Catherine T Flores
- Lillian S Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Specialized functions and sexual dimorphism explain the functional diversity of the myeloid populations during glioma progression. Cell Rep 2023; 42:111971. [PMID: 36640350 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are aggressive, hard-to-treat brain tumors. Their tumor microenvironment is massively infiltrated by myeloid cells, mostly brain-resident microglia, bone marrow (BM)-derived monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells that support tumor progression. Single-cell omics studies significantly dissected immune cell heterogeneity, but dynamics and specific functions of individual subpopulations were poorly recognized. We use Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq) to precisely dissect myeloid cell identities and functionalities in murine GL261 gliomas. We demonstrate that the diversity of myeloid cells infiltrating gliomas is dictated by cell type and cell state. Glioma-activated microglia are the major source of cytokines attracting other immune cells, whereas BM-derived cells show the monocyte-to-macrophage transition in the glioma microenvironment. This transition is coupled with a phenotypic switch from the IFN-related to antigen-presentation and tumor-supportive gene expression. Moreover, we found sex-dependent differences in transcriptional programs and composition of myeloid cells in murine and human glioblastomas.
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van Weverwijk A, de Visser KE. Mechanisms driving the immunoregulatory function of cancer cells. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:193-215. [PMID: 36717668 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Tumours display an astonishing variation in the spatial distribution, composition and activation state of immune cells, which impacts their progression and response to immunotherapy. Shedding light on the mechanisms that govern the diversity and function of immune cells in the tumour microenvironment will pave the way for the development of more tailored immunomodulatory strategies for the benefit of patients with cancer. Cancer cells, by virtue of their paracrine and juxtacrine communication mechanisms, are key contributors to intertumour heterogeneity in immune contextures. In this Review, we discuss how cancer cell-intrinsic features, including (epi)genetic aberrations, signalling pathway deregulation and altered metabolism, play a key role in orchestrating the composition and functional state of the immune landscape, and influence the therapeutic benefit of immunomodulatory strategies. Moreover, we highlight how targeting cancer cell-intrinsic parameters or their downstream immunoregulatory pathways is a viable strategy to manipulate the tumour immune milieu in favour of antitumour immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette van Weverwijk
- Division of Tumour Biology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karin E de Visser
- Division of Tumour Biology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.
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Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer. Its incidence is low in the Western world but is rising globally. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been the only treatment options for decades. Progress in our molecular understanding of the disease and the identification of druggable targets, such as IDH1 mutations and FGFR2 fusions, has provided new treatment options. Immunotherapy has emerged as a potent strategy for many different types of cancer and has shown efficacy in combination with chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma. In this Review, we discuss findings related to key immunological aspects of cholangiocarcinoma, including the heterogeneous landscape of immune cells within the tumour microenvironment, the immunomodulatory effect of the microbiota and IDH1 mutations, and the association of immune-related signatures and patient outcomes. We introduce findings from preclinical immunotherapy studies, discuss future immune-mediated treatment options, and provide a summary of results from clinical trials testing immune-based approaches in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. This Review provides a thorough survey of our knowledge on immune signatures and immunotherapy in cholangiocarcinoma.
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McClellan BL, Haase S, Nunez FJ, Alghamri MS, Dabaja AA, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Impact of epigenetic reprogramming on antitumor immune responses in glioma. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e163450. [PMID: 36647827 PMCID: PMC9843056 DOI: 10.1172/jci163450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic remodeling is a molecular hallmark of gliomas, and it has been identified as a key mediator of glioma progression. Epigenetic dysregulation contributes to gliomagenesis, tumor progression, and responses to immunotherapies, as well as determining clinical features. This epigenetic remodeling includes changes in histone modifications, chromatin structure, and DNA methylation, all of which are driven by mutations in genes such as histone 3 genes (H3C1 and H3F3A), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/2), α-thalassemia/mental retardation, X-linked (ATRX), and additional chromatin remodelers. Although much of the initial research primarily identified how the epigenetic aberrations impacted glioma progression by solely examining the glioma cells, recent studies have aimed at establishing the role of epigenetic alterations in shaping the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which these epigenetic phenomena in glioma remodel the TME and how current therapies targeting epigenetic dysregulation affect the glioma immune response and therapeutic outcomes. Understanding the link between epigenetic remodeling and the glioma TME provides insights into the implementation of epigenetic-targeting therapies to improve the antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L. McClellan
- Department of Neurosurgery and
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Santiago Haase
- Department of Neurosurgery and
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Felipe J. Nunez
- Department of Neurosurgery and
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Accenture-Argentina, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina
| | - Mahmoud S. Alghamri
- Department of Neurosurgery and
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ali A. Dabaja
- Department of Neurosurgery and
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery and
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery and
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Li Y, Feng Y, Luo F, Peng G, Li Y. Positive regulators of T cell functions as predictors of prognosis and microenvironment characteristics of low-grade gliomas. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1089792. [PMID: 36726969 PMCID: PMC9885161 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1089792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are one of the most prevalent types of brain cancers. The efficacy of immunotherapy in LGG is limited compared to other cancers. Immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of LGG is one of the main reasons for the low efficacy of immunotherapy. Recent studies have identified 33 positive regulators of T cell functions (TPRs) that play a critical role in promoting the proliferation, activity, and functions of multiple immunocytes. However, their role in the TME of LGG has not been investigated. This study aimed to construct a risk model based on these TPRs and to detect the significance of immunotypes in predicting LGG prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy. Methods A total of 688 LGGs and 202 normal brain tissues were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. The NMF R package was used to identify TRP-related subtypes. The TPR prognostic model was established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm to predict the overall survival of LGG samples. Results The Subtype 2 patients had worse survival outcomes, suppressed immune function, and higher immune cell infiltration. A risk regression model consisting of 14 TPRs was established, and its performance was validated in CGGA325 cohorts. The low-risk group exhibited better overall survival, immune microenvironment, and immunotherapy response, as determined via the TIDE algorithm, indicating that increasing the level of immune infiltration can effectively improve the response to immunotherapy in the low-risk group. The risk score was determined to be an independent hazard factor (p<0.001) although other clinical features (age, sex, grade, IDH status, 1p19q codel status, MGMT status, and accepted radiotherapy) were considered. Lastly, high-risk groups in both cohorts revealed optimal drug responses to rapamycin, paclitaxel, JW-7-52-1, and bortezomib. Conclusions Our study identified two distinct TPR subtypes and built a TPR signature to elucidate the characteristics of T cell proliferation in LGG and its association with immune status and prognosis. These findings shed light on possible immunotherapeutic strategies for LGGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,PET-CT Center, Chenzhou First People’s Hospital, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Yabo Feng
- PET-CT Center, Chenzhou First People’s Hospital, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Fushu Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gang Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yueran Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Yueran Li,
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Friedmann-Morvinski D, Hambardzumyan D. Monocyte-neutrophil entanglement in glioblastoma. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:163451. [PMID: 36594465 PMCID: PMC9797336 DOI: 10.1172/jci163451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most belligerent and frequent brain tumor in adults. Research over the past two decades has provided increased knowledge of the genomic and molecular landscape of GBM and highlighted the presence of a high degree of inter- and intratumor heterogeneity within the neoplastic compartment. It is now appreciated that GBMs are composed of multiple distinct and impressionable neoplastic and non-neoplastic cell types that form the unique brain tumor microenvironment (TME). Non-neoplastic cells in the TME form reciprocal interactions with neoplastic cells to promote tumor growth and invasion, and together they influence the tumor response to standard-of-care therapies as well as emerging immunotherapies. One of the most prevalent non-neoplastic cell types in the GBM TME are myeloid cells, the most abundant of which are of hematopoietic origin, including monocytes/monocyte-derived macrophages. Less abundant, although still a notable presence, are neutrophils of hematopoietic origin and intrinsic brain-resident microglia. In this Review we focus on neutrophils and monocytes that infiltrate tumors from the blood circulation, their heterogeneity, and their interactions with neoplastic cells and other non-neoplastic cells in the TME. We conclude with an overview of challenges in targeting these cells and discuss avenues for therapeutic exploitation to improve the dismal outcomes of patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinorah Friedmann-Morvinski
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, and,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, and,Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Kuang Y, Jiang B, Zhu H, Zhou Y, Huang H, Li C, Zhang W, Li X, Cao Y. Classification related to immunogenic cell death predicts prognosis, immune microenvironment characteristics, and response to immunotherapy in lower-grade gliomas. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1102094. [PMID: 37153540 PMCID: PMC10154552 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1102094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a form of cell death that elicits immune responses against the antigens found in dead or dying tumor cells. Growing evidence implies that ICD plays a significant role in triggering antitumor immunity. The prognosis for glioma remains poor despite many biomarkers being reported, and identifying ICD-related biomarkers is imminent for better-personalized management in patients with lower-grade glioma (LGG). Materials and methods We identified ICD-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by comparing gene expression profiles obtained across Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts. On the foundation of ICD-related DEGs, two ICD-related clusters were identified through consensus clustering. Then, survival analysis, functional enrichment analysis, somatic mutation analysis, and immune characteristics analysis were performed in the two ICD-related subtypes. Additionally, we developed and validated a risk assessment signature for LGG patients. Finally, we selected one gene (EIF2AK3) from the above risk model for experimental validation. Results 32 ICD-related DEGs were screened, dividing the LGG samples from the TCGA database into two distinct subtypes. The ICD-high subgroup showed worse overall survival (OS), greater immune infiltration, more active immune response process, and higher expression levels of HLA genes than the ICD-low subgroup. Additionally, nine ICD-related DEGs were identified to build the prognostic signature, which was highly correlated with the tumor-immune microenvironment and could unambiguously be taken as an independent prognostic factor and further verified in an external dataset. The experimental results indicated that EIF2AK3 expression was higher in tumors than paracancerous tissues, and high-expression EIF2AK3 was enriched in WHO III and IV gliomas by qPCR and IHC, and Knockdown of EIF2AK3 suppressed cell viability and mobility in glioma cells. Conclusion We established novel ICD-related subtypes and risk signature for LGG, which may be beneficial to improving clinical outcome prediction and guiding individualized immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirui Kuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bincan Jiang
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hecheng Zhu
- Department of Oncology Radiology, Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haoxuan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Can Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- Department of Oncology Radiology, Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yudong Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Yudong Cao,
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TSPO PET signal using [ 18F]GE180 is associated with survival in recurrent gliomas. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:859-869. [PMID: 36329288 PMCID: PMC9852133 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioma patients, especially recurrent glioma, suffer from a poor prognosis. While advances to classify glioma on a molecular level improved prognostication at initial diagnosis, markers to prognosticate survival in the recurrent situation are still needed. As 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) was previously reported to be associated with aggressive histopathological glioma features, we correlated the TSPO positron emission tomography (PET) signal using [18F]GE180 in a large cohort of recurrent glioma patients with their clinical outcome. METHODS In patients with [18F]GE180 PET at glioma recurrence, [18F]GE180 PET parameters (e.g., SUVmax) as well as other imaging features (e.g., MRI volume, [18F]FET PET parameters when available) were evaluated together with patient characteristics (age, sex, Karnofsky-Performance score) and neuropathological features (e.g. WHO 2021 grade, IDH-mutation status). Uni- and multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for post-recurrence survival (PRS) and time to treatment failure (TTF). RESULTS Eighty-eight consecutive patients were evaluated. TSPO tracer uptake correlated with tumor grade at recurrence (p < 0.05), with no significant differences in IDH-wild-type versus IDH-mutant tumors. Within the subgroup of IDH-mutant glioma (n = 46), patients with low SUVmax (median split, ≤ 1.60) had a significantly longer PRS (median 41.6 vs. 25.3 months, p = 0.031) and TTF (32.2 vs 8.7 months, p = 0.001). Also among IDH-wild-type glioblastoma (n = 42), patients with low SUVmax (≤ 1.89) had a significantly longer PRS (median not reached vs 8.2 months, p = 0.002). SUVmax remained an independent prognostic factor for PRS in the multivariate analysis including CNS WHO 2021 grade, IDH status, and age. Tumor volume defined by [18F]FET PET or contrast-enhanced MRI correlated weakly with TSPO tracer uptake. Treatment regimen did not differ among the median split subgroups. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that TSPO PET using [18F]GE180 can help to prognosticate recurrent glioma patients even among homogeneous molecular subgroups and may therefore serve as valuable non-invasive biomarker for individualized patient management.
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Sussman JH, Xu J, Amankulor N, Tan K. Dissecting the tumor microenvironment of epigenetically driven gliomas: Opportunities for single-cell and spatial multiomics. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad101. [PMID: 37706202 PMCID: PMC10496944 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are incurable brain neoplasms with dismal prognoses and near-universal fatality, with minimal therapeutic progress despite billions of dollars invested in research and clinical trials over the last 2 decades. Many glioma studies have utilized disparate histologic and genomic platforms to characterize the stunning genomic, transcriptomic, and immunologic heterogeneity found in gliomas. Single-cell and spatial omics technologies enable unprecedented characterization of heterogeneity in solid malignancies and provide a granular annotation of transcriptional, epigenetic, and microenvironmental states with limited resected tissue. Heterogeneity in gliomas may be defined, at the broadest levels, by tumors ostensibly driven by epigenetic alterations (IDH- and histone-mutant) versus non-epigenetic tumors (IDH-wild type). Epigenetically driven tumors are defined by remarkable transcriptional programs, immunologically distinct microenvironments, and incompletely understood topography (unique cellular neighborhoods and cell-cell interactions). Thus, these tumors are the ideal substrate for single-cell multiomic technologies to disentangle the complex intra-tumoral features, including differentiation trajectories, tumor-immune cell interactions, and chromatin dysregulation. The current review summarizes the applications of single-cell multiomics to existing datasets of epigenetically driven glioma. More importantly, we discuss future capabilities and applications of novel multiomic strategies to answer outstanding questions, enable the development of potent therapeutic strategies, and improve personalized diagnostics and treatment via digital pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H Sussman
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jason Xu
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nduka Amankulor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kai Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Zhao H, Teng D, Yang L, Xu X, Chen J, Jiang T, Feng AY, Zhang Y, Frederick DT, Gu L, Cai L, Asara JM, Pasca di Magliano M, Boland GM, Flaherty KT, Swanson KD, Liu D, Rabinowitz JD, Zheng B. Myeloid-derived itaconate suppresses cytotoxic CD8 + T cells and promotes tumour growth. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1660-1673. [PMID: 36376563 PMCID: PMC10593361 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment possesses mechanisms that suppress anti-tumour immunity. Itaconate is a metabolite produced from the Krebs cycle intermediate cis-aconitate by the activity of immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1). While it is known to be immune modulatory, the role of itaconate in anti-tumour immunity is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) secrete itaconate that can be taken up by CD8+ T cells and suppress their proliferation, cytokine production and cytolytic activity. Metabolite profiling, stable-isotope tracing and metabolite supplementation studies indicated that itaconate suppressed the biosynthesis of aspartate and serine/glycine in CD8+ T cells to attenuate their proliferation and function. Host deletion of Irg1 in female mice bearing allografted tumours resulted in decreased tumour growth, inhibited the immune-suppressive activities of MDSCs, promoted anti-tumour immunity of CD8+ T cells and enhanced the anti-tumour activity of anti-PD-1 antibody treatment. Furthermore, we found a significant negative correlation between IRG1 expression and response to PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade in patients with melanoma. Our findings not only reveal a previously unknown role of itaconate as an immune checkpoint metabolite secreted from MDSCs to suppress CD8+ T cells, but also establish IRG1 as a myeloid-selective target in immunometabolism whose inhibition promotes anti-tumour immunity and enhances the efficacy of immune checkpoint protein blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Zhao
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Da Teng
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Lifeng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xincheng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tengjia Jiang
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Austin Y Feng
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dennie T Frederick
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lei Gu
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Li Cai
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marina Pasca di Magliano
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Keith T Flaherty
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth D Swanson
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - David Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Bin Zheng
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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Richard Q, Laurenge A, Mallat M, Sanson M, Castro-Vega LJ. New insights into the Immune TME of adult-type diffuse gliomas. Curr Opin Neurol 2022; 35:794-802. [PMID: 36226710 PMCID: PMC9671594 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Adult-type diffuse gliomas are highly heterogeneous tumors. Bulk transcriptome analyses suggested that the composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME) corresponds to genetic and clinical features. In this review, we highlight novel findings on the intratumoral heterogeneity of IDH-wildtype and IDH-mutant gliomas characterized at single-cell resolution, and emphasize the mechanisms shaping the immune TME and therapeutic implications. RECENT FINDINGS Emergent evidence indicates that in addition to genetic drivers, epigenetic mechanisms and microenvironmental factors influence the glioma subtypes. Interactions between glioma and immune cells contribute to immune evasion, particularly in aggressive tumors. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of malignant and immune cell subpopulations is high in recurrent gliomas. IDH-wildtype and IDH-mutant tumors display distinctive changes in their myeloid and lymphoid compartments, and D-2HG produced by IDH-mutant cells impacts the immune TME. SUMMARY The comprehensive dissection of the intratumoral ecosystem of human gliomas using single-cell and spatial transcriptomic approaches advances our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the immunosuppressed state of the TME, supports the prognostic value of tumor-associated macrophages and microglial cells, and sheds light on novel therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Richard
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Genetics and Development of Brain Tumors Team
| | - Alice Laurenge
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Genetics and Development of Brain Tumors Team
| | - Michel Mallat
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Genetics and Development of Brain Tumors Team
| | - Marc Sanson
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Genetics and Development of Brain Tumors Team
- Department of Neurology 2, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital
- Onconeurotek Tumor Bank, Paris, France
| | - Luis Jaime Castro-Vega
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Genetics and Development of Brain Tumors Team
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Picca A, Finocchiaro G. Deciphering diffuse glioma immune microenvironment as a key to improving immunotherapy results. Curr Opin Oncol 2022; 34:653-660. [PMID: 36000367 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Immunotherapeutic approaches have yet to demonstrate their clinical efficacy in diffuse gliomas. Evidence is mounting that the central nervous system is subject to immune surveillance, but brain tumours manage to escape due to factors intrinsic to their tumoral immune microenvironment (TME). This review aims to discuss the recently characterized molecular bases of the glioma TME and the potentially actionable targets to improve immunotherapeutic results in these hard-to-treat cancers. RECENT FINDINGS Single-cell studies defined the composition of the glioma immune TME and its peculiarities compared with other solid cancers. In isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wildtype gliomas, the TME is enriched in myeloid cells (monocyte-derived macrophages and resident microglia) with mainly immunosuppressive functions. Lymphocytes can infiltrate the glioma TME, but are exposed to multiple immunomodulating signals that render them in a state of deep exhaustion. IDH mutant gliomas produce the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate with negative effects on leukocyte recruitment and function, resulting in the induction of an 'immune-desert' TME. SUMMARY Several molecular pathways have been recently identified in the induction of an 'immune-hostile' microenvironment in diffuse gliomas, unravelling potential vulnerabilities to targeted immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Picca
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, F-75013 Paris, France. Equipe labellisée LNCC
| | - Gaetano Finocchiaro
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Faisal SM, Comba A, Varela ML, Argento AE, Brumley E, Abel C, Castro MG, Lowenstein PR. The complex interactions between the cellular and non-cellular components of the brain tumor microenvironmental landscape and their therapeutic implications. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1005069. [PMID: 36276147 PMCID: PMC9583158 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1005069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), an aggressive high-grade glial tumor, is resistant to therapy and has a poor prognosis due to its universal recurrence rate. GBM cells interact with the non-cellular components in the tumor microenvironment (TME), facilitating their rapid growth, evolution, and invasion into the normal brain. Herein we discuss the complexity of the interactions between the cellular and non-cellular components of the TME and advances in the field as a whole. While the stroma of non-central nervous system (CNS) tissues is abundant in fibrillary collagens, laminins, and fibronectin, the normal brain extracellular matrix (ECM) predominantly includes proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans, with fibrillary components typically found only in association with the vasculature. However, recent studies have found that in GBMs, the microenvironment evolves into a more complex array of components, with upregulated collagen gene expression and aligned fibrillary ECM networks. The interactions of glioma cells with the ECM and the degradation of matrix barriers are crucial for both single-cell and collective invasion into neighboring brain tissue. ECM-regulated mechanisms also contribute to immune exclusion, resulting in a major challenge to immunotherapy delivery and efficacy. Glioma cells chemically and physically control the function of their environment, co-opting complex signaling networks for their own benefit, resulting in radio- and chemo-resistance, tumor recurrence, and cancer progression. Targeting these interactions is an attractive strategy for overcoming therapy resistance, and we will discuss recent advances in preclinical studies, current clinical trials, and potential future clinical applications. In this review, we also provide a comprehensive discussion of the complexities of the interconnected cellular and non-cellular components of the microenvironmental landscape of brain tumors to guide the development of safe and effective therapeutic strategies against brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed M. Faisal
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Andrea Comba
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria L. Varela
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Anna E. Argento
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Emily Brumley
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Clifford Abel
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Pedro R. Lowenstein,
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Cordell EC, Alghamri MS, Castro MG, Gutmann DH. T lymphocytes as dynamic regulators of glioma pathobiology. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:1647-1657. [PMID: 35325210 PMCID: PMC9527522 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain tumor microenvironment contains numerous distinct types of nonneoplastic cells, which each serve a diverse set of roles relevant to the formation, maintenance, and progression of these central nervous system cancers. While varying in frequencies, monocytes (macrophages, microglia, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells), dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and T lymphocytes represent the most common nonneoplastic cellular constituents in low- and high-grade gliomas (astrocytomas). Although T cells are conventionally thought to target and eliminate neoplastic cells, T cells also exist in other states, characterized by tolerance, ignorance, anergy, and exhaustion. In addition, T cells can function as drivers of brain cancer growth, especially in low-grade gliomas. Since T cells originate in the blood and bone marrow sinuses, their capacity to function as both positive and negative regulators of glioma growth has ignited renewed interest in their deployment as immunotherapeutic agents. In this review, we discuss the roles of T cells in low- and high-grade glioma formation and progression, as well as the potential uses of modified T lymphocytes for brain cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David H Gutmann
- Corresponding Author: David H. Gutmann, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8111, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA ()
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Franson A, McClellan BL, Varela ML, Comba A, Syed MF, Banerjee K, Zhu Z, Gonzalez N, Candolfi M, Lowenstein P, Castro MG. Development of immunotherapy for high-grade gliomas: Overcoming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:966458. [PMID: 36186781 PMCID: PMC9515652 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.966458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The preclinical and clinical development of novel immunotherapies for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) tumors is advancing at a rapid pace. High-grade gliomas (HGG) are aggressive tumors with poor prognoses in both adult and pediatric patients, and innovative and effective therapies are greatly needed. The use of cytotoxic chemotherapies has marginally improved survival in some HGG patient populations. Although several challenges exist for the successful development of immunotherapies for CNS tumors, recent insights into the genetic alterations that define the pathogenesis of HGG and their direct effects on the tumor microenvironment (TME) may allow for a more refined and targeted therapeutic approach. This review will focus on the TME in HGG, the genetic drivers frequently found in these tumors and their effect on the TME, the development of immunotherapy for HGG, and the practical challenges in clinical trials employing immunotherapy for HGG. Herein, we will discuss broadly the TME and immunotherapy development in HGG, with a specific focus on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) as well as additional discussion in the context of the pediatric HGG diagnoses of diffuse midline glioma (DMG) and diffuse hemispheric glioma (DHG).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Franson
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Brandon L. McClellan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria Luisa Varela
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Andrea Comba
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mohammad Faisal Syed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ziwen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nazareno Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Biosciences Initiative in Brain Cancer, Biointerface Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria Graciela Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Biosciences Initiative in Brain Cancer, Biointerface Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Schwark K, Messinger D, Cummings JR, Bradin J, Kawakibi A, Babila CM, Lyons S, Ji S, Cartaxo RT, Kong S, Cantor E, Koschmann C, Yadav VN. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) targeting in pediatric high-grade glioma and diffuse midline glioma: Pre-clinical models and precision medicine. Front Oncol 2022; 12:922928. [PMID: 35978801 PMCID: PMC9376238 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.922928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG), including both diffuse midline glioma (DMG) and non-midline tumors, continues to be one of the deadliest oncologic diagnoses (both henceforth referred to as “pHGG”). Targeted therapy options aimed at key oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) drivers using small-molecule RTK inhibitors has been extensively studied, but the absence of proper in vivo modeling that recapitulate pHGG biology has historically been a research challenge. Thankfully, there have been many recent advances in animal modeling, including Cre-inducible transgenic models, as well as intra-uterine electroporation (IUE) models, which closely recapitulate the salient features of human pHGG tumors. Over 20% of pHGG have been found in sequencing studies to have alterations in platelet derived growth factor-alpha (PDGFRA), making growth factor modeling and inhibition via targeted tyrosine kinases a rich vein of interest. With commonly found alterations in other growth factors, including FGFR, EGFR, VEGFR as well as RET, MET, and ALK, it is necessary to model those receptors, as well. Here we review the recent advances in murine modeling and precision targeting of the most important RTKs in their clinical context. We additionally provide a review of current work in the field with several small molecule RTK inhibitors used in pre-clinical or clinical settings for treatment of pHGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kallen Schwark
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Dana Messinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jessica R. Cummings
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Joshua Bradin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Abed Kawakibi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Clarissa M. Babila
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Samantha Lyons
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sunjong Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Rodrigo T. Cartaxo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Seongbae Kong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Evan Cantor
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Viveka Nand Yadav
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Research Institute (CMRI), Kansas, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Viveka Nand Yadav,
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Alghamri MS, Banerjee K, Mujeeb AA, Mauser A, Taher A, Thalla R, McClellan BL, Varela ML, Stamatovic SM, Martinez-Revollar G, Andjelkovic AV, Gregory JV, Kadiyala P, Calinescu A, Jiménez JA, Apfelbaum AA, Lawlor ER, Carney S, Comba A, Faisal SM, Barissi M, Edwards MB, Appelman H, Sun Y, Gan J, Ackermann R, Schwendeman A, Candolfi M, Olin MR, Lahann J, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Systemic Delivery of an Adjuvant CXCR4-CXCL12 Signaling Inhibitor Encapsulated in Synthetic Protein Nanoparticles for Glioma Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2022; 16:8729-8750. [PMID: 35616289 PMCID: PMC9649873 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary brain cancer, with a 5 year survival of ∼5%. Challenges that hamper GBM therapeutic efficacy include (i) tumor heterogeneity, (ii) treatment resistance, (iii) immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and (iv) the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-12/C-X-C motif chemokine receptor-4 (CXCL12/CXCR4) signaling pathway is activated in GBM and is associated with tumor progression. Although the CXCR4 antagonist (AMD3100) has been proposed as an attractive anti-GBM therapeutic target, it has poor pharmacokinetic properties, and unfavorable bioavailability has hampered its clinical implementation. Thus, we developed synthetic protein nanoparticles (SPNPs) coated with the transcytotic peptide iRGD (AMD3100-SPNPs) to target the CXCL2/CXCR4 pathway in GBM via systemic delivery. We showed that AMD3100-SPNPs block CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling in three mouse and human GBM cell cultures in vitro and in a GBM mouse model in vivo. This results in (i) inhibition of GBM proliferation, (ii) reduced infiltration of CXCR4+ monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) into the TME, (iii) restoration of BBB integrity, and (iv) induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD), sensitizing the tumor to radiotherapy and leading to anti-GBM immunity. Additionally, we showed that combining AMD3100-SPNPs with radiation led to long-term survival, with ∼60% of GBM tumor-bearing mice remaining tumor free after rechallenging with a second GBM in the contralateral hemisphere. This was due to a sustained anti-GBM immunological memory response that prevented tumor recurrence without additional treatment. In view of the potent ICD induction and reprogrammed tumor microenvironment, this SPNP-mediated strategy has a significant clinical translation applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud S Alghamri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anzar A Mujeeb
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ava Mauser
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ayman Taher
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rohit Thalla
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brandon L McClellan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria L Varela
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Svetlana M Stamatovic
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | | | - Anuska V Andjelkovic
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jason V Gregory
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Padma Kadiyala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alexandra Calinescu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer A Jiménez
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - April A Apfelbaum
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, University of Washington Seattle, WA, 98101
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Lawlor
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, University of Washington Seattle, WA, 98101
| | - Stephen Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Andrea Comba
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Syed Mohd Faisal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marcus Barissi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marta B. Edwards
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Henry Appelman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yilun Sun
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Jingyao Gan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rose Ackermann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Michael R. Olin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN 55455
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN 55455
| | - Joerg Lahann
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Corresponding Authors:, ,
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biosciences Initiative in Brain Cancer, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Corresponding Authors:, ,
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biosciences Initiative in Brain Cancer, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Corresponding Authors:, ,
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McClellan BL, Alghamri MS, Thalla R, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Murine brain tumor microenvironment immunophenotyping using mass cytometry. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101357. [PMID: 35634359 PMCID: PMC9136353 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a mass cytometry protocol optimized to examine the phenotype of immune cells within the mouse glioma microenvironment, using a Sleeping Beauty transposon-mediated mouse glioma model. We describe antibody conjugation and titrations for analysis of immune cells. We then detail mouse brain tumor tissue collection and processing, staining, followed by data acquisition, analysis, and gating strategy. This protocol can be applied to any brain tumor-harboring mouse model. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Alghamri et al. (2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L. McClellan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mahmoud S. Alghamri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rohit Thalla
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Wang C, Xiong K. Glycosylation modification identifies novel molecular phenotypes and prognostic stratifications of glioma. Gene 2022; 836:146677. [PMID: 35714799 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation modification plays a vital role in tumor progression and is highly associated with glioma prognosis. However, the influence of glycosylation modification on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and omic features of glioma remains unclear. Differentially expressed glycosylation-related genes between adjacent and tumor tissues of The Cancer Genome Atlas and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas datasets were identified. We performed unsupervised clustering to classify patients into different molecular phenotypes, and analyzed their TME heterogeneity, including immunocyte infiltration, immune pathways and tumor purity. Subsequently, we developed a prognostic predicting system named GlycoScore by stepwise least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-Cox regression to evaluate the modification pattern and its association with somatic mutation, clinical significance, immune fractions and drug resistance. Two clustering clusters were identified and presented distinct clinical outcomes and biological functions characterized by hotand cold tumors respectively. Patients with higher GlycoScores exhibited poor prognosis, less mutation counts, and were more sensitive to chemotherapeutics. We also confirmed that the GlycoScore severed as an independent risk factor. Cancer hallmarks such as cell cycle, hippo, and TGFβ were active in the high-GlycoScore group. The combination of tumor mutation burden and the GlycoScore presented an excellent performance in prognostic stratification. Our study suggests that glycosylation is essential for modeling TME of glioma and the GlycoScore is a promising prognostic signature and indicator of immunotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Kewei Xiong
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Yan D, Li W, Liu Q, Yang K. Advances in Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutated Glioma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:914618. [PMID: 35769466 PMCID: PMC9234270 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.914618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy have become current important tumor research concerns. The unique immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in the malignant progression of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas. IDH mutations in glioma can inhibit tumor-associated immune system evasion of NK cell immune surveillance. Meanwhile, mutant IDH can inhibit classical and alternative complement pathways and directly inhibit T-cell responses by metabolizing isocitrate to D-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-HG). IDH has shown clinically relevant efficacy as a potential target for immunotherapy. This article intends to summarize the research progress in the immunosuppressive microenvironment and immunotherapy of IDH-mutant glioma in recent years in an attempt to provide new ideas for the study of occurrence, progression, and treatment of IDH-mutant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Weicheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qibing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Qibing Liu, ; Kun Yang,
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Qibing Liu, ; Kun Yang,
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Seliger B, Massa C. Modulation of Lymphocyte Functions in the Microenvironment by Tumor Oncogenic Pathways. Front Immunol 2022; 13:883639. [PMID: 35663987 PMCID: PMC9160824 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the broad application of different immunotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of solid as well as hematopoietic cancers, the efficacy of these therapies is still limited, with only a minority of patients having a long-term benefit resulting in an improved survival rate. In order to increase the response rates of patients to the currently available immunotherapies, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the intrinsic and/or extrinsic resistance to treatment is required. There exist increasing evidences that activation of different oncogenic pathways as well as inactivation of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) in tumor cells inhibit the immune cell recognition and influegnce the composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME), thus leading to an impaired anti-tumoral immune response. A deeper understanding of the link between the tumor milieu and genomic alterations of TSGs and oncogenes is indispensable for the optimization of immunotherapies and to predict the patients’ response to these treatments. This review summarizes the role of different cancer-related, oncogene- and TSG-controlled pathways in the context of anti-tumoral immunity and response to different immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chiara Massa
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Dialogue among Lymphocytes and Microglia in Glioblastoma Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112632. [PMID: 35681612 PMCID: PMC9179556 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this review, we summarize in vitro and in vivo studies related to glioblastoma models and human patients to outline the symbiotic bidirectional interaction between microglia, lymphocytes, and tumor cells that develops during tumor progression. Particularly, we highlight the current experimental therapeutic approaches that aim to shape these interplays, such as adeno-associated virus (AAV) delivery and CAR-T and -NK cell infusion, and to modulate the tumor microenvironment in an anti-tumoral way, thus counteracting glioblastoma growth. Abstract Microglia and lymphocytes are fundamental constituents of the glioblastoma microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the current state-of-the-art knowledge of the microglial role played in promoting the development and aggressive hallmarks of this deadly brain tumor. Particularly, we report in vitro and in vivo studies related to glioblastoma models and human patients to outline the symbiotic bidirectional interaction between microglia, lymphocytes, and tumor cells that develops during tumor progression. Furthermore, we highlight the current experimental therapeutic approaches that aim to shape these interplays, such as adeno-associated virus (AAV) delivery and CAR-T and -NK cell infusion, and to modulate the tumor microenvironment in an anti-tumoral way, thus counteracting glioblastoma growth.
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Pang L, Khan F, Dunterman M, Chen P. Pharmacological targeting of the tumor–immune symbiosis in glioblastoma. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:686-700. [PMID: 35534356 PMCID: PMC9288491 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and highly lethal form of primary brain tumor in adults. The median survival of GBM patients is approximately 14-16 months despite multimodal therapies. Emerging evidence has substantiated the critical role of symbiotic interactions between GBM cells and noncancerous immune cells (e.g., myeloid cells and T cells) in regulating tumor progression and therapy resistance. Approaches to target the tumor-immune symbiosis have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for GBM. Here, we review the recent developments for pharmacological targeting of the GBM-immune symbiosis and highlight the role of such strategies to improve the effectiveness of immunotherapies in GBM.
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