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Luo Y, Yang R, Xie L, Xu W, Fan Y, Wei Z, Wang Z, Cheng X. Interlayer coupled dual-layer metagratings for broadband and high-efficiency anomalous reflection. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:21594-21605. [PMID: 38859509 DOI: 10.1364/oe.524006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent progress in metagratings highlights the promise of high-performance wavefront engineering devices, notably for their exterior capability to steer beams with near-unitary efficiency. However, the narrow operating bandwidth of conventional metagratings remains a significant limitation. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a dual-layer metagrating, incorporating enhanced interlayer couplings to realize high-efficiency and broadband anomalous reflection within the microwave frequency band. The metagrating facilitated by both intralayer and interlayer couplings is designed through the combination of eigenmode expansion (EME) algorithm and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to significantly streamline the computational process. Our metagrating demonstrates the capacity to reroute a normally incident wave to +1 order diffraction direction across a broad spectrum, achieving an average efficiency approximately 90% within the 14.7 to 18 GHz range. This study may pave the way for future applications in sophisticated beam manipulations, including spatial dispersive devices, by harnessing the intricate dynamics of multi-layer metagratings with complex interlayer and intralayer interactions.
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Zhou S, Dong S, He T, Zhu J, Wang Z, Cheng X. Design of Far-Infrared High-Efficiency Polarization-Independent Retroreflective Metasurfaces. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:538. [PMID: 38675349 PMCID: PMC11051837 DOI: 10.3390/mi15040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Retroreflective gratings serve as fundamental optical elements in nanophotonics, with polarization-independent diffraction efficiency being one of the critical parameters for assessing their performance. In the far-infrared spectral range, traditional retroreflective gratings typically refer to metal echelette gratings, but their diffraction efficiency cannot approach 100% due to metal absorption. In the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges, metal echelette gratings have gradually been replaced by all-dielectric metasurfaces because dielectric materials exhibit negligible absorption at specific wavelengths. However, there is still a lack of relevant research in the far-infrared range, mainly due to the weak control capability of the existing devices over the polarization-independent phase. Here, we propose a kind of all-dielectric retroreflective metasurface composed of asymmetric pillars and freely tunable aperiodic multilayer films. The pillar structure can achieve polarization insensitivity, and the insufficient modulation capability of the dielectric materials can be compensated for by aperiodic Ge/ZnS films. The designed metasurface achieves the diffraction efficiency by RCWA, with the maximum larger than 99% and the overall reaching 95% (9.3-9.6 µm). We have provided detailed explanations of the design methodology and fabrication process. Our work lays the groundwork for further exploration and application of far-infrared lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.Z.); (S.D.); (T.H.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Siyu Dong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.Z.); (S.D.); (T.H.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tao He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.Z.); (S.D.); (T.H.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.Z.); (S.D.); (T.H.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhanshan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.Z.); (S.D.); (T.H.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xinbin Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.Z.); (S.D.); (T.H.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Zhang Y, Feng Y, Zhao J. Graphene-Enabled Tunable Phase Gradient Metasurface for Broadband Dispersion Manipulation of Terahertz Wave. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:2006. [PMID: 38004863 PMCID: PMC10672863 DOI: 10.3390/mi14112006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for the miniaturization and flexibility of optical devices, graphene-based metasurfaces have emerged as a promising ideal design platform for realizing planar and tunable electromagnetic or optical devices. In this paper, we propose a tunable metasurface with low-dispersion phase gradient characteristics that is composed of an array of double-layer graphene ribbons sandwiched with a thin insulating layer and a polymer substrate layer with a gold ground plane. As two typical proof-of-concept examples, metasurfaces act as a planar prism and a planar lens, respectively, and the corresponding performances of tunable broadband dispersion are demonstrated through full-wave simulation experiments. By changing the Fermi level of each graphene ribbon individually to introduce abrupt phase shifts along the metasurface, the broadband continuous dispersion effect of abnormal reflection and beam focusing is achieved within a terahertz (THz) frequency region from 3.0 THz to 4.0 THz, and the dispersion results can be freely regulated by reconfiguring the sequence of Fermi levels via the bias voltage. The presented graphene metasurface provides an avenue for the dispersion manipulation of a broadband terahertz wave and may have great prospects in the fields of optics, imaging, and wireless communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- School of Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China;
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Yijun Feng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Junming Zhao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
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Xu F, Chen W, Li M, Liu P, Chen Y. Broadband achromatic and wide field-of-view single-layer metalenses in the mid-infrared. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:36439-36450. [PMID: 38017797 DOI: 10.1364/oe.504892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Metalenses are considered a promising solution for miniaturizing numerous optical systems due to their light weight, ultrathin thickness and compact size. However, it remains a challenge for metalenses to achieve both wide field-of-view and broadband achromatic imaging. In this work, a single-layer achromatic metalens with a wide field-of-view of 160° in the 3800 nm-4200 nm band is designed and analyzed. The quadratic phase profile of the metalens and the propagation phase of each meta-atom are used to increase the field-of-view and compensate for chromatic aberration, respectively. In addition, the metalens is capable of transverse achromatic imaging. The design can be extended to other optical frequencies, which is promising for applications in unmanned vehicles, infrared detection, etc.
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He T, Zhang Z, Zhu J, Shi Y, Li Z, Wei H, Wei Z, Li Y, Wang Z, Qiu CW, Cheng X. Scattering exceptional point in the visible. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:229. [PMID: 37714831 PMCID: PMC10504253 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Exceptional point (EP) is a special degeneracy of non-Hermitian systems. One-dimensional transmission systems operating at EPs are widely studied and applied to chiral conversion and sensing. Lately, two-dimensional systems at EPs have been exploited for their exotic scattering features, yet so far been limited to only the non-visible waveband. Here, we report a universal paradigm for achieving a high-efficiency EP in the visible by leveraging interlayer loss to accurately control the interplay between the lossy structure and scattering lightwaves. A bilayer framework is demonstrated to reflect back the incident light from the left side ( | r-1 | >0.999) and absorb the incident light from the right side ( | r+1 | < 10-4). As a proof of concept, a bilayer metasurface is demonstrated to reflect and absorb the incident light with experimental efficiencies of 88% and 85%, respectively, at 532 nm. Our results open the way for a new class of nanoscale devices and power up new opportunities for EP physics.
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Grants
- 61925504, 62192770, 61621001, 62205246, 62020106009, 6201101335, 62205249, 62192772, 62192771 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research, Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (17JC1400800, 20JC1414600, 21JC1406100) the “Shu Guang” project supported by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and Shanghai Education (17SG22) Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2021SHZDZX0100) Special Development Funds for Major Projects of Shanghai Zhangjiang National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone (Grant No. ZJ2021-ZD-008) The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M712401)
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Zhanyi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yuzhi Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Heng Wei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Zeyong Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Acoustics, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 20092, China
| | - Zhanshan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.
| | - Xinbin Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Born B, Lee SH, Song JH, Lee JY, Ko W, Brongersma ML. Off-axis metasurfaces for folded flat optics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5602. [PMID: 37699876 PMCID: PMC10497541 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The overall size of an optical system is limited by the volume of the components and the internal optical path length. To reach the limits of miniaturization, it is possible to reduce both component volume and path length by combining the concepts of metasurface flat optics and folded optics. In addition to their subwavelength component thickness, metasurfaces enable bending conventional folded geometries off axis beyond the law of reflection. However, designing metasurfaces for highly off-axis illumination with visible light in combination with a high numerical aperture is non-trivial. In this case, traditional designs with gradient metasurfaces exhibit low diffraction efficiencies and require the use of deep-subwavelength, high-index, and high-aspect-ratio semiconductor nanostructures that preclude inexpensive, large-area nanofabrication. Here, we describe a design approach that enables the use of low-index (n ≈ 1.5), low-aspect ratio structures for off-axis metagratings that can redirect and focus visible light (λ = 532 nm) with near-unity efficiency. We show that fabricated optical elements offer a very large angle-of-view (110°) and lend themselves to scalable fabrication by nano-imprint lithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Born
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sung-Hoon Lee
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro 130, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Song
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jeong Yub Lee
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro 130, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, South Korea
| | - Woong Ko
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro 130, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, South Korea
| | - Mark L Brongersma
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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7
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Blackwell AN, Yahiaoui R, Chen YH, Chen PY, Searles TA, Chase ZA. Emulating the Deutsch-Josza algorithm with an inverse-designed terahertz gradient-index lens. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:29515-29522. [PMID: 37710750 DOI: 10.1364/oe.495919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
An all-dielectric photonic metastructure is investigated for application as a quantum algorithm emulator (QAE) in the terahertz frequency regime; specifically, we show implementation of the Deustsh-Josza algorithm. The design for the QAE consists of a gradient-index (GRIN) lens as the Fourier transform subblock and patterned silicon as the oracle subblock. First, we detail optimization of the GRIN lens through numerical analysis. Then, we employed inverse design through a machine learning approach to further optimize the structural geometry. Through this optimization, we enhance the interaction of the incident light with the metamaterial via spectral improvements of the outgoing wave.
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8
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Ou K, Wan H, Wang G, Zhu J, Dong S, He T, Yang H, Wei Z, Wang Z, Cheng X. Advances in Meta-Optics and Metasurfaces: Fundamentals and Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1235. [PMID: 37049327 PMCID: PMC10097126 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Meta-optics based on metasurfaces that interact strongly with light has been an active area of research in recent years. The development of meta-optics has always been driven by human's pursuits of the ultimate miniaturization of optical elements, on-demand design and control of light beams, and processing hidden modalities of light. Underpinned by meta-optical physics, meta-optical devices have produced potentially disruptive applications in light manipulation and ultra-light optics. Among them, optical metalens are most fundamental and prominent meta-devices, owing to their powerful abilities in advanced imaging and image processing, and their novel functionalities in light manipulation. This review focuses on recent advances in the fundamentals and applications of the field defined by excavating new optical physics and breaking the limitations of light manipulation. In addition, we have deeply explored the metalenses and metalens-based devices with novel functionalities, and their applications in computational imaging and image processing. We also provide an outlook on this active field in the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ou
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hengyi Wan
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guangfeng Wang
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhu
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Siyu Dong
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tao He
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hui Yang
- National Research Center for High-Efficiency Grinding, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zeyong Wei
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhanshan Wang
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xinbin Cheng
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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9
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Dai Y, He T, Wei Z, Wang Z, Cheng X. Anomalous reflection with customized high-efficiency bandwidth. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:956-959. [PMID: 36790984 DOI: 10.1364/ol.480735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anomalous reflection from metasurfaces with 100% efficiency at optical frequencies was not achieved until an all-dielectric quasi-three-dimensional subwavelength structure was proposed. The desired nonlocal control of light waves is realized by designing phase responses of multilayer films at a single wavelength. However, a high-efficiency bandwidth is not controllable by designing only the phase response at a single wavelength. Here, we propose the use of a multilayer metasurface to achieve anomalous reflection with a customized high-efficiency bandwidth. The interference of the successive light waves scattered from the structure at multiple wavelengths is controlled by phase dispersion regulation of multilayer films. As a proof of concept, two sets of multilayer films with different phase dispersions were designed to realize broadband (∼110 nm) and narrowband (∼15 nm) anomalous reflections, both with an efficiency of over 80%. The results offer a general strategy to design high-efficiency anomalous reflection with arbitrary bandwidth and might stimulate various potential applications for metadevices.
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10
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Wei Z, Li S, Xie L, Deng X, Wang Z, Cheng X. On-chip ultracompact multimode vortex beam emitter based on vertical modes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:36863-36872. [PMID: 36258607 DOI: 10.1364/oe.473192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Free-space orbital angular momentum (OAM) communication is considered as one of the potential alternative on-chip optical interconnect solutions. The number of OAM modes determines the capacity of high-speed communication. However, existing integrated vortex beam emitters have a constraint relationship between the number of OAM modes and the emitter size, rendering it difficult to emit more OAM modes with a small-sized emitter. In view of the above, this study proposes an on-chip ultracompact multimode vortex beam emitter based on vertical modes, which permits more OAM modes without requiring an increase in the size of the emitter. Vertical modes in large-aspect-ratio waveguides are pointed out to enable multimode microrings with small radii because high-order vertical modes can maintain almost the same horizontal wave vector as that of the fundamental mode. Four-mode and five-mode vortex beam emitters with the same radius of 1.5 µm are designed and the effectiveness of these emitters is verified through simulation. Furthermore, a high-efficiency and low-crosstalk approach for high-order vertical mode coupling by varying the waveguide height is presented. This research not only promotes further integration of on-chip optical interconnection, but also provides a new strategy for optical waveguide mode selection in photonic integrated circuits design.
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11
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Wei Z, Li H, Dou L, Xie L, Wang Z, Cheng X. Metasurface-Based Quantum Searcher on a Silicon-On-Insulator Chip. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13081204. [PMID: 36014126 PMCID: PMC9413265 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Optical analog computing has natural advantages of parallel computation, high speed and low energy consumption over traditional digital computing. To date, research in the field of on-chip optical analog computing has mainly focused on classical mathematical operations. Despite the advantages of quantum computing, on-chip quantum analog devices based on metasurfaces have not been demonstrated so far. In this work, based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform, we illustrated an on-chip quantum searcher with a characteristic size of 60 × 20 μm2. We applied classical waves to simulate the quantum search algorithm based on the superposition principle and interference effect, while combining it with an on-chip metasurface to realize modulation capability. The marked items are found when the incident waves are focused on the marked positions, which is precisely the same as the efficiency of the quantum search algorithm. The proposed on-chip quantum searcher facilitates the miniaturization and integration of wave-based signal processing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyong Wei
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (L.D.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Digital Optics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (L.D.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Linyuan Dou
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (L.D.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Lingyun Xie
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (L.D.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Digital Optics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhanshan Wang
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (L.D.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Digital Optics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xinbin Cheng
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (L.D.); (Z.W.); (X.C.)
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Digital Optics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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