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Zhou Z, Tang G, Liu Y, Huang Y, Zhang X, Yan G, Hu G, Yan W, Li J, Cao Y. Carrier-free self-assembled nanoparticles based on prochloraz and fenhexamid for reducing toxicity to aquatic organism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 943:173821. [PMID: 38866165 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Nanoformulations of pesticides are an effective way to increase utilization efficiency and alleviate the adverse impacts on the environments caused by conventional pesticide formulations. However, the complex preparation process, high cost, and potential environmental risk of nanocarriers severely restricted practical applications of carrier-based pesticide nanoformulations in agriculture. Herein, carrier-free self-assembled nanoparticles (FHA-PRO NPs) based on fenhexamid (FHA) and prochloraz (PRO) were developed by a facile co-assembly strategy to improve utilization efficiency and reduce toxicity to aquatic organism of pesticides. The results showed that noncovalent interactions between negatively charged FHA and positively charged PRO led to core-shell structured nanoparticles arranged in an orderly manner dispersing in aqueous solution with a diameter of 256 nm. The prepared FHA-PRO NPs showed a typical pH-responsive release profile and exhibited excellent physicochemical properties including low surface tension and high max retention. The photostability of FHA-PRO NPs was improved 2.4 times compared with free PRO. The FHA-PRO NPs displayed superior fungicidal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea and longer duration against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on potted rapeseed plants. Additionally, the FHA-PRO NPs reduced the acute toxicity of PRO to zebrafish significantly. Therefore, this work provided a promising strategy to develop nanoformulations of pesticides with stimuli-responsive controlled release characteristics for precise pesticide delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, NO.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Tang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, NO.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Yulu Liu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, NO.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqi Huang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, NO.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, NO.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyao Yan
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, NO.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Gaohua Hu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, NO.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyao Yan
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, NO.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqiang Li
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, NO.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsong Cao
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, NO.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, 100193, Beijing, China.
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Xu Z, Zhang Y, Wang T, Che Z. Deformation and breakup of compound droplets in airflow. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 653:517-527. [PMID: 37729759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Immiscible liquids are commonly used to achieve unique functions in many applications, where the breakup of compound droplets in airflow is an important process. Due to the existence of the liquid-liquid interface, compound droplets are expected to form different deformation and breakup morphologies compared with single-component droplets. EXPERIMENTS We investigate experimentally the deformation and breakup of compound droplets in airflow. The deformation characteristics of compound droplets are quantitatively analyzed and compared with single-component droplets. Theoretical models are proposed to analyze the transition between breakup morphologies. FINDINGS The breakup modes of compound droplets are classified into shell retraction, shell breakup, and core-shell breakup based on the location where the breakup occurs. The comparison with single-component droplets reveals that the compound droplet is stretched more in the flow direction and expands less in the cross-flow direction, and these differences occur when the core of the compound droplet protrudes into the airflow. The transition conditions between different breakup modes are obtained theoretically. In addition, the eccentricity of the compound droplet can lead to the formation of the thick ligament or the two stamens in the droplet middle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Tianyou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhizhao Che
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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Hu Z, Chu F, Shan H, Wu X, Dong Z, Wang R. Understanding and Utilizing Droplet Impact on Superhydrophobic Surfaces: Phenomena, Mechanisms, Regulations, Applications, and Beyond. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2310177. [PMID: 38069449 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Droplet impact is a ubiquitous liquid behavior that closely tied to human life and production, making indispensable impacts on the big world. Nature-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces provide a powerful platform for regulating droplet impact dynamics. The collision between classic phenomena of droplet impact and the advanced manufacture of superhydrophobic surfaces is lighting up the future. Accurately understanding, predicting, and tailoring droplet dynamic behaviors on superhydrophobic surfaces are progressive steps to integrate the droplet impact into versatile applications and further improve the efficiency. In this review, the progress on phenomena, mechanisms, regulations, and applications of droplet impact on superhydrophobic surfaces, bridging the gap between droplet impact, superhydrophobic surfaces, and engineering applications are comprehensively summarized. It is highlighted that droplet contact and rebound are two focal points, and their fundamentals and dynamic regulations on elaborately designed superhydrophobic surfaces are discussed in detail. For the first time, diverse applications are classified into four categories according to the requirements for droplet contact and rebound. The remaining challenges are also pointed out and future directions to trigger subsequent research on droplet impact from both scientific and applied perspectives are outlined. The review is expected to provide a general framework for understanding and utilizing droplet impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Hu
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fuqiang Chu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - He Shan
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhichao Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruzhu Wang
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Zhou Y, Zhang C, Zhao W, Wang S, Zhu P. Suppression of hollow droplet rebound on super-repellent surfaces. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5386. [PMID: 37666839 PMCID: PMC10477213 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Droplet rebound is ubiquitous on super-repellent surfaces. Conversion between kinetic and surface energies suggests that rebound suppression is unachievable due to negligible energy dissipation. Here, we present an effective approach to suppressing rebounds by incorporating bubbles into droplets, even in super-repellent states. This suppression arises from the counteractive capillary effects within bubble-encapsulated hollow droplets. The capillary flows induced by the deformed inner-bubble surface counterbalance those driven by the outer-droplet surface, resulting in a reduction of the effective take-off momentum. We propose a double-spring system with reduced effective elasticity for hollow droplets, wherein the competing springs offer distinct behavior from the classical single-spring model employed for single-phase droplets. Through experimental, analytical, and numerical validations, we establish a comprehensive and unified understanding of droplet rebound, by which the behavior of single-phase droplets represents the exceptional case of zero bubble volume and can be encompassed within this overarching framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Wenchang Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pingan Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, 518057, Shenzhen, China.
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Hu Q, Hu F, Xu D, Zhang K. Numerical Analysis of Droplet Impacting on an Immiscible Liquid via Three-Phase Field Method. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14050951. [PMID: 37241573 DOI: 10.3390/mi14050951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we establish a two-dimensional axisymmetric simulation model to numerically study the impacting behaviors between oil droplets and an immiscible aqueous solution based on the three-phase field method. The numerical model is established by using the commercial software of COMSOL Multiphysics first and then validated by comparing the numerical results with the previous experimental study. The simulation results show that under the impact of oil droplets, a crater will form on the surface of the aqueous solution, which firstly expands and then collapses with the transfer and dissipation of kinetic energy of this three-phase system. As for the droplet, it flattens, spreads, stretches, or immerses on the crater surface and finally achieves an equilibrium state at the gas-liquid interface after experiencing several sinking-bouncing circles. The impacting velocity, fluid density, viscosity, interfacial tension, droplet size, and the property of non-Newtonian fluids all play important roles in the impact between oil droplets and aqueous solution. The conclusions can help to cognize the mechanism of droplet impact on an immiscible fluid and provide useful guidelines for those applications concerning droplet impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Hu
- School of Mechtranoics Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihaer 161006, China
- The Engineering Technology Research Center for Precision Manufacturing Equipment and Industrial Perception of Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihar University, Qiqihaer 161006, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Industrialization, Qiqihar University, Qiqihaer 161006, China
| | - Fengshi Hu
- School of Mechtranoics Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihaer 161006, China
| | - Donghui Xu
- School of Mechtranoics Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihaer 161006, China
| | - Kailiang Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Fan Y, Wang Y. Deposition and Spread of Aqueous Pesticide Droplets on Hydrophobic/Superhydrophobic Surfaces by Fast Aggregation of Surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:5631-5640. [PMID: 37053578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Deposition and spread of aqueous droplets on hydrophobic/superhydrophobic surfaces are of great significance in many practical applications, such as spraying, coating, and printing, and particularly in improving pesticide utilization efficiency because the intrinsic hydrophobicity/superhydrophobicity of most plant leaves results in serious loss of water-based pesticides during spraying. It has been found that proper surfactants can promote the droplet spread on such surfaces. However, most reports involved the effects of surfactants on the spread of the gently released droplets over hydrophobic or highly hydrophobic substrates, while the situation on superhydrophobic substrates has rarely been explored. Moreover, high-speed impact makes it extremely difficult to deposit and spread the aqueous droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces; thus, the deposition and spread have just been achieved by surfactants in recent years. Here, we give an overview concerning the influence factors on the deposition and spreading performance of gently released and high-speed impacted droplets on hydrophobic/superhydrophobic substrates and emphasize the effects of fast aggregation of surfactants at the interface and in solution. We also outline perspectives on the future development of surfactant-assisted deposition and spreading after high-speed impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxun Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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