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Shinzato C, Yoshioka Y. Genomic Data Reveal Diverse Biological Characteristics of Scleractinian Corals and Promote Effective Coral Reef Conservation. Genome Biol Evol 2024; 16:evae014. [PMID: 38271267 PMCID: PMC10901607 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Reef-building corals (Scleractinia, Anthozoa, Cnidaria) are the keystone organisms of coral reefs, which constitute the most diverse marine ecosystems. Since the first decoded coral genome reported in 2011, about 40 reference genomes are registered as of 2023. Comparative genomic analyses of coral genomes have revealed genomic characters that may underlie unique biological characteristics and coral diversification. These include existence of genes for biosynthesis of mycosporine-like amino acids, loss of an enzyme necessary for cysteine biosynthesis in family Acroporidae, and lineage-specific gene expansions of DMSP lyase-like genes in the genus Acropora. While symbiosis with endosymbiotic photosynthetic dinoflagellates is a common biological feature among reef-building corals, genes associated with the intricate symbiotic relationship encompass not only those shared by many coral species, but also genes that were uniquely duplicated in each coral lineage, suggesting diversified molecular mechanisms of coral-algal symbiosis. Coral genomic data have also enabled detection of hidden, complex population structures of corals, indicating the need for species-specific, local-scale, carefully considered conservation policies for effective maintenance of corals. Consequently, accumulating coral genomic data from a wide range of taxa and from individuals of a species not only promotes deeper understanding of coral reef biodiversity, but also promotes appropriate and effective coral reef conservation. Considering the diverse biological traits of different coral species and accurately understanding population structure and genetic diversity revealed by coral genomic analyses during coral reef restoration planning could enable us to "archive" coral reef environments that are nearly identical to natural coral reefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuya Shinzato
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshioka
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0412, Japan
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Ren X, Wang X, Zheng G, Wang S, Wang Q, Yuan M, Xu T, Xu J, Huang P, Ge M. Targeting one-carbon metabolism for cancer immunotherapy. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1521. [PMID: 38279895 PMCID: PMC10819114 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-carbon (1C) metabolism is a metabolic network that plays essential roles in biological reactions. In 1C metabolism, a series of nutrients are used to fuel metabolic pathways, including nucleotide metabolism, amino acid metabolism, cellular redox defence and epigenetic maintenance. At present, 1C metabolism is considered the hallmark of cancer. The 1C units obtained from the metabolic pathways increase the proliferation rate of cancer cells. In addition, anticancer drugs, such as methotrexate, which target 1C metabolism, have long been used in the clinic. In terms of immunotherapy, 1C metabolism has been used to explore biomarkers connected with immunotherapy response and immune-related adverse events in patients. METHODS We collected numerous literatures to explain the roles of one-carbon metabolism in cancer immunotherapy. RESULTS In this review, we focus on the important pathways in 1C metabolism and the function of 1C metabolism enzymes in cancer immunotherapy. Then, we summarise the inhibitors acting on 1C metabolism and their potential application on cancer immunotherapy. Finally, we provide a viewpoint and conclusion regarding the opportunities and challenges of targeting 1C metabolism for cancer immunotherapy in clinical practicability in the future. CONCLUSION Targeting one-carbon metabolism is useful for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Ren
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryOtolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Malignant TumorHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Department of PathologyCancer CenterZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of PharmacyAffiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Guowan Zheng
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryOtolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Malignant TumorHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of PharmacyCenter for Clinical PharmacyCancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qiyue Wang
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryOtolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Malignant TumorHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Mengnan Yuan
- Department of PharmacyCenter for Clinical PharmacyCancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of PharmacyCenter for Clinical PharmacyCancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jiajie Xu
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryOtolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Malignant TumorHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of PharmacyCenter for Clinical PharmacyCancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Minghua Ge
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryOtolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Malignant TumorHangzhouZhejiangChina
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Dungan AM, Geissler L, Williams AS, Gotze CR, Flynn EC, Blackall LL, van Oppen MJH. DNA from non-viable bacteria biases diversity estimates in the corals Acropora loripes and Pocillopora acuta. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME 2023; 18:86. [PMID: 38062479 PMCID: PMC10704692 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-023-00541-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleic acid-based analytical methods have greatly expanded our understanding of global prokaryotic diversity, yet standard metabarcoding methods provide no information on the most fundamental physiological state of bacteria, viability. Scleractinian corals harbour a complex microbiome in which bacterial symbionts play critical roles in maintaining health and functioning of the holobiont. However, the coral holobiont contains both dead and living bacteria. The former can be the result of corals feeding on bacteria, rapid swings from hyper- to hypoxic conditions in the coral tissue, the presence of antimicrobial compounds in coral mucus, and an abundance of lytic bacteriophages. RESULTS By combining propidium monoazide (PMA) treatment with high-throughput sequencing on six coral species (Acropora loripes, A. millepora, A. kenti, Platygyra daedalea, Pocillopora acuta, and Porites lutea) we were able to obtain information on bacterial communities with little noise from non-viable microbial DNA. Metabarcoding of the 16S rRNA gene showed significantly higher community evenness (85%) and species diversity (31%) in untreated compared with PMA-treated tissue for A. loripes only. While PMA-treated coral did not differ significantly from untreated samples in terms of observed number of ASVs, > 30% of ASVs were identified in untreated samples only, suggesting that they originated from cell-free/non-viable DNA. Further, the bacterial community structure was significantly different between PMA-treated and untreated samples for A. loripes and P. acuta indicating that DNA from non-viable microbes can bias community composition data in coral species with low bacterial diversity. CONCLUSIONS Our study is highly relevant to microbiome studies on coral and other host organisms as it delivers a solution to excluding non-viable DNA in a complex community. These results provide novel insights into the dynamic nature of host-associated microbiomes and underline the importance of applying versatile tools in the analysis of metabarcoding or next-generation sequencing data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Dungan
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Laura Geissler
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amanda S Williams
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cecilie Ravn Gotze
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Emily C Flynn
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Linda L Blackall
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Madeleine J H van Oppen
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Selwyn JD, Vollmer SV. Whole genome assembly and annotation of the endangered Caribbean coral Acropora cervicornis. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2023; 13:jkad232. [PMID: 37804092 PMCID: PMC10700113 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Coral species in the genus Acropora are key ecological components of coral reefs worldwide and represent the most diverse genus of scleractinian corals. While key species of Indo-Pacific Acropora have annotated genomes, no annotated genome has been published for either of the two species of Caribbean Acropora. Here we present the first fully annotated genome of the endangered Caribbean staghorn coral, Acropora cervicornis. We assembled and annotated this genome using high-fidelity nanopore long-read sequencing with gene annotations validated with mRNA sequencing. The assembled genome size is 318 Mb, with 28,059 validated genes. Comparative genomic analyses with other Acropora revealed unique features in A. cervicornis, including contractions in immune pathways and expansions in signaling pathways. Phylogenetic analysis confirms previous findings showing that A. cervicornis diverged from Indo-Pacific relatives around 41 million years ago, with the closure of the western Tethys Sea, prior to the primary radiation of Indo-Pacific Acropora. This new A. cervicornis genome enriches our understanding of the speciose Acropora and addresses evolutionary inquiries concerning speciation and hybridization in this diverse clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Selwyn
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Nahant, MA 01908, USA
| | - Steven V Vollmer
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Nahant, MA 01908, USA
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Dungan AM, Tandon K, Jameson V, Gotze CR, Blackall LL, van Oppen MJH. A targeted approach to enrich host-associated bacteria for metagenomic sequencing. FEMS MICROBES 2023; 5:xtad021. [PMID: 38264162 PMCID: PMC10804224 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Multicellular eukaryotic organisms are hosts to communities of bacteria that reside on or inside their tissues. Often the eukaryotic members of the system contribute to high proportions of metagenomic sequencing reads, making it challenging to achieve sufficient sequencing depth to evaluate bacterial ecology. Stony corals are one such complex community; however, separation of bacterial from eukaryotic (primarily coral and algal symbiont) cells has so far not been successful. Using a combination of hybridization chain reaction fluorescence in situ hybridization and fluorescence activated cell sorting (HCR-FISH + FACS), we sorted two populations of bacteria from five genotypes of the coral Acropora loripes, targeting (i) Endozoicomonas spp, and (ii) all other bacteria. NovaSeq sequencing resulted in 67-91 M reads per sample, 55%-90% of which were identified as bacterial. Most reads were taxonomically assigned to the key coral-associated family, Endozoicomonadaceae, with Vibrionaceae also abundant. Endozoicomonadaceae were 5x more abundant in the 'Endozoicomonas' population, highlighting the success of the dual-labelling approach. This method effectively enriched coral samples for bacteria with <1% contamination from host and algal symbionts. The application of this method will allow researchers to decipher the functional potential of coral-associated bacteria. This method can also be adapted to accommodate other host-associated communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Dungan
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Kshitij Tandon
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Vanta Jameson
- Melbourne Cytometry Platform, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Cecilie Ravn Gotze
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Reef Recovery, Restoration and Adaptation Program, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - Linda L Blackall
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Madeleine J H van Oppen
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Reef Recovery, Restoration and Adaptation Program, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
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Yoshioka Y, Chiu YL, Uchida T, Yamashita H, Suzuki G, Shinzato C. Genes possibly related to symbiosis in early life stages of Acropora tenuis inoculated with Symbiodinium microadriaticum. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1027. [PMID: 37853100 PMCID: PMC10584924 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the ecological importance of mutualism between reef-building corals and symbiotic algae (Family Symbiodiniaceae), various transcriptomic studies on coral-algal symbiosis have been performed; however, molecular mechanisms, especially genes essential to initiate and maintain these symbioses remain unknown. We investigated transcriptomic responses of Acropora tenuis to inoculation with the native algal symbiont, Symbiodinium microadriaticum, during early life stages, and identified possible symbiosis-related genes. Genes involved in immune regulation, protection against oxidative stress, and metabolic interactions between partners are particularly important for symbiosis during Acropora early life stages. In addition, molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that some possible symbiosis-related genes originated by gene duplication in the Acropora lineage, suggesting that gene duplication may have been the driving force to establish stable mutualism in Acropora, and that symbiotic molecular mechanisms may vary among coral lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yoshioka
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Yi-Ling Chiu
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taiga Uchida
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamashita
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Go Suzuki
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Chuya Shinzato
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.
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Moeller FU, Herbold CW, Schintlmeister A, Mooshammer M, Motti C, Glasl B, Kitzinger K, Behnam F, Watzka M, Schweder T, Albertsen M, Richter A, Webster NS, Wagner M. Taurine as a key intermediate for host-symbiont interaction in the tropical sponge Ianthella basta. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023; 17:1208-1223. [PMID: 37188915 PMCID: PMC10356861 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Marine sponges are critical components of marine benthic fauna assemblages, where their filter-feeding and reef-building capabilities provide bentho-pelagic coupling and crucial habitat. As potentially the oldest representation of a metazoan-microbe symbiosis, they also harbor dense, diverse, and species-specific communities of microbes, which are increasingly recognized for their contributions to dissolved organic matter (DOM) processing. Recent omics-based studies of marine sponge microbiomes have proposed numerous pathways of dissolved metabolite exchange between the host and symbionts within the context of the surrounding environment, but few studies have sought to experimentally interrogate these pathways. By using a combination of metaproteogenomics and laboratory incubations coupled with isotope-based functional assays, we showed that the dominant gammaproteobacterial symbiont, 'Candidatus Taurinisymbion ianthellae', residing in the marine sponge, Ianthella basta, expresses a pathway for the import and dissimilation of taurine, a ubiquitously occurring sulfonate metabolite in marine sponges. 'Candidatus Taurinisymbion ianthellae' incorporates taurine-derived carbon and nitrogen while, at the same time, oxidizing the dissimilated sulfite into sulfate for export. Furthermore, we found that taurine-derived ammonia is exported by the symbiont for immediate oxidation by the dominant ammonia-oxidizing thaumarchaeal symbiont, 'Candidatus Nitrosospongia ianthellae'. Metaproteogenomic analyses also suggest that 'Candidatus Taurinisymbion ianthellae' imports DMSP and possesses both pathways for DMSP demethylation and cleavage, enabling it to use this compound as a carbon and sulfur source for biomass, as well as for energy conservation. These results highlight the important role of biogenic sulfur compounds in the interplay between Ianthella basta and its microbial symbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian U Moeller
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Craig W Herbold
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arno Schintlmeister
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Large-Instrument Facility for Environmental and Isotope Mass Spectrometry, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Mooshammer
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cherie Motti
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Bettina Glasl
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Kitzinger
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Faris Behnam
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margarete Watzka
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology e.V., Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mads Albertsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Andreas Richter
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole S Webster
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, TAS, Australia
| | - Michael Wagner
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Large-Instrument Facility for Environmental and Isotope Mass Spectrometry, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Lian M, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Zhang W, Zhang H, Chen D. Oxidase-like V 2C MXene nanozyme with inherent antibacterial properties for colorimetric sensing. Talanta 2023; 265:124872. [PMID: 37393710 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The microbial environment greatly affects the performance of colourimetric sensors, especially the interference of bacteria in the sample detected. This paper reports the fabrication of an antibacterial colorimetric sensor based on V2C MXene synthesized via simple intercalation and stripping. The prepared V2C nanosheets can mimic oxidase activity towards 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) oxidation without exogenously adding H2O2. Further mechanistic studies showed that V2C nanosheets could effectively activate the oxygen adsorbed on their surface, which in turn causes an increase in the bond length and a decrease in the magnetic moment of oxygen through electron transfer from the nanosheet surface to O2. The V2C nanosheets also exhibited excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial activity through the outbreak of reactive oxygen species. Owing to its unique catalytic activity and the inherent antibacterial ability for mimicking oxidase, a colorimetric sensing platform was developed to effectively determine L-cysteine levels at a detection limit of 30.0 nM (S/N = 3). It is impressive that the detection results of L-cysteine in various complex microbial environments are also very satisfactory. This study broadens the biological use of MXene-based nanomaterials through their satisfactory enzymatic activity and provides a simple and efficient colorimetric strategy for detection techniques used in complex microbial environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Lian
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Civil Aviation Energy Environment and Green Development, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China; Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, School of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China.
| | - Ye Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, School of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Civil Aviation Energy Environment and Green Development, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Civil Aviation Energy Environment and Green Development, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China; Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, School of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, School of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China.
| | - Da Chen
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Civil Aviation Energy Environment and Green Development, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China; Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, School of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China.
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