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Zhu S, Chen W, Masson A, Li YP. Cell signaling and transcriptional regulation of osteoblast lineage commitment, differentiation, bone formation, and homeostasis. Cell Discov 2024; 10:71. [PMID: 38956429 PMCID: PMC11219878 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-024-00689-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The initiation of osteogenesis primarily occurs as mesenchymal stem cells undergo differentiation into osteoblasts. This differentiation process plays a crucial role in bone formation and homeostasis and is regulated by two intricate processes: cell signal transduction and transcriptional gene expression. Various essential cell signaling pathways, including Wnt, BMP, TGF-β, Hedgehog, PTH, FGF, Ephrin, Notch, Hippo, and Piezo1/2, play a critical role in facilitating osteoblast differentiation, bone formation, and bone homeostasis. Key transcriptional factors in this differentiation process include Runx2, Cbfβ, Runx1, Osterix, ATF4, SATB2, and TAZ/YAP. Furthermore, a diverse array of epigenetic factors also plays critical roles in osteoblast differentiation, bone formation, and homeostasis at the transcriptional level. This review provides an overview of the latest developments and current comprehension concerning the pathways of cell signaling, regulation of hormones, and transcriptional regulation of genes involved in the commitment and differentiation of osteoblast lineage, as well as in bone formation and maintenance of homeostasis. The paper also reviews epigenetic regulation of osteoblast differentiation via mechanisms, such as histone and DNA modifications. Additionally, we summarize the latest developments in osteoblast biology spurred by recent advancements in various modern technologies and bioinformatics. By synthesizing these insights into a comprehensive understanding of osteoblast differentiation, this review provides further clarification of the mechanisms underlying osteoblast lineage commitment, differentiation, and bone formation, and highlights potential new therapeutic applications for the treatment of bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Zhu
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Alasdair Masson
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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2
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Chen T, Ren M, Li Y, Jing Z, Xu X, Liu F, Mo D, Zhang W, Zeng J, Zhang H, Ji P, Yang S. Preliminary study of the homeostatic regulation of osseointegration by nanotube topology. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101038. [PMID: 38638704 PMCID: PMC11025008 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The ideal implant surface plays a substantial role in maintaining bone homeostasis by simultaneously promoting osteoblast differentiation and limiting overactive osteoclast activity to a certain extent, which leads to satisfactory dynamic osseointegration. However, the rational search for implant materials with an ideal surface structure is challenging and a hot research topic in the field of tissue engineering. In this study, we constructed titanium dioxide titanium nanotubes (TNTs) by anodic oxidation and found that this structure significantly promoted osteoblast differentiation and inhibited osteoclast formation and function while simultaneously inhibiting the total protein levels of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Knockdown of the PYK2 gene by siRNA significantly suppressed the number and osteoclastic differentiation activity of mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMs), while overexpression of PYK2 inhibited osteogenesis and increased osteoclastic activity. Surprisingly, we found for the first time that neither knockdown nor overexpression of the FAK gene alone caused changes in osteogenesis or osteoclastic function. More importantly, compared with deletion or overexpression of PYK2/FAK alone, coexpression or cosilencing of the two kinases accelerated the effects of TNTs on osteoclastic and osteogenic differentiation on the surface of cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments revealed a significant increase in positiveexpression-PYK2 cells on the surface of TNTs, but no significant change in positiveexpression -FAK cells was observed. In summary, PYK2 is a key effector molecule by which osteoblasts sense nanotopological mechanical signals and maintain bone homeostasis around implants. These results provide a referable molecular mechanism for the future development and design of homeostasis-based regulatory implant biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - MingXing Ren
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - YuZhou Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Zheng Jing
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - XinXin Xu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - FengYi Liu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - DingQiang Mo
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - WenXue Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Jie Zeng
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - He Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Ping Ji
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Sheng Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
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3
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Kang H, Strong AL, Sun Y, Guo L, Juan C, Bancroft AC, Choi JH, Pagani CA, Fernandes AA, Woodard M, Lee J, Ramesh S, James AW, Hudson D, Dalby KN, Xu L, Tower RJ, Levi B. The HIF-1α/PLOD2 axis integrates extracellular matrix organization and cell metabolism leading to aberrant musculoskeletal repair. Bone Res 2024; 12:17. [PMID: 38472175 PMCID: PMC10933265 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00320-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
While hypoxic signaling has been shown to play a role in many cellular processes, its role in metabolism-linked extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and downstream processes of cell fate after musculoskeletal injury remains to be determined. Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a debilitating condition where abnormal bone formation occurs within extra-skeletal tissues. Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) activation have been shown to promote HO. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the HIF-1α pathway in mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) contributes to pathologic bone formation remain to be elucidated. Here, we used a proven mouse injury-induced HO model to investigate the role of HIF-1α on aberrant cell fate. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics analyses of the HO site, we found that collagen ECM organization is the most highly up-regulated biological process in MPCs. Zeugopod mesenchymal cell-specific deletion of Hif1α (Hoxa11-CreERT2; Hif1afl/fl) significantly mitigated HO in vivo. ScRNA-seq analysis of these Hoxa11-CreERT2; Hif1afl/fl mice identified the PLOD2/LOX pathway for collagen cross-linking as downstream of the HIF-1α regulation of HO. Importantly, our scRNA-seq data and mechanistic studies further uncovered that glucose metabolism in MPCs is most highly impacted by HIF-1α deletion. From a translational aspect, a pan-LOX inhibitor significantly decreased HO. A newly screened compound revealed that the inhibition of PLOD2 activity in MPCs significantly decreased osteogenic differentiation and glycolytic metabolism. This suggests that the HIF-1α/PLOD2/LOX axis linked to metabolism regulates HO-forming MPC fate. These results suggest that the HIF-1α/PLOD2/LOX pathway represents a promising strategy to mitigate HO formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heeseog Kang
- Center for Organogenesis, Regeneration and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Amy L Strong
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yuxiao Sun
- Center for Organogenesis, Regeneration and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Conan Juan
- Center for Organogenesis, Regeneration and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Alec C Bancroft
- Center for Organogenesis, Regeneration and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ji Hae Choi
- Center for Organogenesis, Regeneration and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Chase A Pagani
- Center for Organogenesis, Regeneration and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Aysel A Fernandes
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Michael Woodard
- Center for Organogenesis, Regeneration and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Juhoon Lee
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sowmya Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - David Hudson
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kevin N Dalby
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Robert J Tower
- Center for Organogenesis, Regeneration and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Benjamin Levi
- Center for Organogenesis, Regeneration and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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Trono P, Ottavi F, Rosano' L. Novel insights into the role of Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) in cancer progression: a new avenue of therapeutic intervention. Matrix Biol 2024; 125:31-39. [PMID: 38081526 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Discoidin domain receptors (DDRs), including DDR1 and DDR2, are a unique class of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) activated by collagens at the cell-matrix boundary interface. The peculiar mode of activation makes DDRs as key cellular sensors of microenvironmental changes, with a critical role in all physiological and pathological processes governed by collagen remodeling. DDRs are widely expressed in fetal and adult tissues, and experimental and clinical evidence has shown that their expression is deregulated in cancer. Strong findings supporting the role of collagens in tumor progression and metastasis have led to renewed interest in DDRs. However, despite an increasing number of studies, DDR biology remains poorly understood, particularly the less studied DDR2, whose involvement in cancer progression mechanisms is undoubted. Thus, the understanding of a wider range of DDR2 functions and related molecular mechanisms is expected. To date, several lines of evidence support DDR2 as a promising target in cancer therapy. Its involvement in key functions in the tumor microenvironment makes DDR2 inhibition particularly attractive to achieve simultaneous targeting of tumor and stromal cells, and tumor regression, which is beneficial for improving the response to different types of anti-cancer therapies, including chemo- and immunotherapy. This review summarizes current research on DDR2, focusing on its role in cancer progression through its involvement in tumor and stromal cell functions, and discusses findings that support the rationale for future development of direct clinical strategies targeting DDR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Trono
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC)-CNR, Via E. Ramarini, 32, Monterotondo Scalo 00015 Rome
| | - Flavia Ottavi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM)-CNR, Via degli Apuli 4, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Laura Rosano'
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM)-CNR, Via degli Apuli 4, Rome 00185, Italy.
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5
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Akinjiyan FA, Ibitoye Z, Zhao P, Shriver LP, Patti GJ, Longmore GD, Fuh KC. DDR2-regulated arginase activity in ovarian cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes collagen production and tumor progression. Oncogene 2024; 43:189-201. [PMID: 37996700 PMCID: PMC10786713 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has poor survival outcomes particularly for advanced stage, metastatic disease. Metastasis is promoted by interactions of stromal cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), with tumor cells. CAFs play a key role in tumor progression by remodeling the TME and extracellular matrix (ECM) to result in a more permissive environment for tumor progression. It has been shown that fibroblasts, in particular myofibroblasts, utilize metabolism to support ECM remodeling. However, the intricate mechanisms by which CAFs support collagen production and tumor progression are poorly understood. In this study, we show that the fibrillar collagen receptor, Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 (DDR2), promotes collagen production in human and mouse omental CAFs through arginase activity. CAFs with high DDR2 or arginase promote tumor colonization in the omentum. In addition, DDR2-depleted CAFs had decreased ornithine levels leading to decreased collagen production and polyamine levels compared to WT control CAFs. Tumor cell invasion was decreased in the presence CAF conditioned media (CM) depleted of DDR2 or arginase-1, and this invasion defect was rescued in the presence of CM from DDR2-depleted CAFs that constitutively overexpressed arginase-1. Similarly, the addition of exogenous polyamines to CM from DDR2-depleted CAFs led to increased tumor cell invasion. We detected SNAI1 protein at the promoter region of the arginase-1 gene, and DDR2-depleted CAFs had decreased levels of SNAI1 protein at the arginase-1 promoter region. Furthermore, high stromal arginase-1 expression correlated with poor survival in ovarian cancer patients. These findings highlight how DDR2 regulates collagen production by CAFs in the tumor microenvironment by controlling the transcription of arginase-1, and CAFs are a major source of arginase activity and L-arginine metabolites in ovarian cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Favour A Akinjiyan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- ICCE Institute, Washington University, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Zainab Ibitoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- ICCE Institute, Washington University, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Peinan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Leah P Shriver
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Gary J Patti
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Gregory D Longmore
- ICCE Institute, Washington University, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Katherine C Fuh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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Yamaguchi H, Li M, Kitami M, Swaminathan S, Mishina Y, Komatsu Y. Enhanced BMP signaling in Cathepsin K-positive tendon progenitors induces heterotopic ossification. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 688:149147. [PMID: 37948912 PMCID: PMC10952113 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is abnormal bone growth in soft tissues that results from injury, trauma, and rare genetic disorders. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are critical osteogenic regulators which are involved in HO. However, it remains unclear how BMP signaling interacts with other extracellular stimuli to form HO. To address this question, using the Cre-loxP recombination system in mice, we conditionally expressed the constitutively activated BMP type I receptor ALK2 with a Q207D mutation (Ca-ALK2) in Cathepsin K-Cre labeled tendon progenitors (hereafter "Ca-Alk2:Ctsk-Cre"). Ca-Alk2:Ctsk-Cre mice were viable but they formed spontaneous HO in the Achilles tendon. Histological and molecular marker analysis revealed that HO is formed via endochondral ossification. Ectopic chondrogenesis coincided with enhanced GLI1 production, suggesting that elevated Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of HO. Interestingly, focal adhesion kinase, a critical mediator for the mechanotransduction pathway, was also activated in Ca-Alk2:Ctsk-Cre mice. Our findings suggest that enhanced BMP signaling may elevate Hh and mechanotransduction pathways, thereby causing HO in the regions of the Achilles tendon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Margaret Li
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Kinesiology, Rice University Wiess School of Natural Science, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Megumi Kitami
- Division of Dental Pharmacology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan; Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Sowmya Swaminathan
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; The College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Komatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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7
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Cherief M, Xu J, Li Z, Tower RJ, Ramesh S, Qin Q, Gomez-Salazar M, Yea JH, Lee S, Negri S, Xu M, Price T, Kendal AR, Fan CM, Clemens TL, Levi B, James AW. TrkA-mediated sensory innervation of injured mouse tendon supports tendon sheath progenitor cell expansion and tendon repair. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade4619. [PMID: 38117901 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade4619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral neurons terminate at the surface of tendons partly to relay nociceptive pain signals; however, the role of peripheral nerves in tendon injury and repair remains unclear. Here, we show that after Achilles tendon injury in mice, there is new nerve growth near tendon cells that express nerve growth factor (NGF). Conditional deletion of the Ngf gene in either myeloid or mesenchymal mouse cells limited both innervation and tendon repair. Similarly, inhibition of the NGF receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) abrogated tendon healing in mouse tendon injury. Sural nerve transection blocked the postinjury increase in tendon sensory innervation and the expansion of tendon sheath progenitor cells (TSPCs) expressing tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3. Single cell and spatial transcriptomics revealed that disruption of sensory innervation resulted in dysregulated inflammatory signaling and transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling in injured mouse tendon. Culture of mouse TSPCs with conditioned medium from dorsal root ganglia neuron further supported a role for neuronal mediators and TGFβ signaling in TSPC proliferation. Transcriptomic and histologic analyses of injured human tendon biopsy samples supported a role for innervation and TGFβ signaling in human tendon regeneration. Last, treating mice after tendon injury systemically with a small-molecule partial agonist of TrkA increased neurovascular response, TGFβ signaling, TSPC expansion, and tendon tissue repair. Although further studies should investigate the potential effects of denervation on mechanical loading of tendon, our results suggest that peripheral innervation is critical for the regenerative response after acute tendon injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masnsen Cherief
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jiajia Xu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Robert J Tower
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sowmya Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Qizhi Qin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Ji-Hye Yea
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Seungyong Lee
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Stefano Negri
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Verona, Verona 37129, Italy
| | - Mingxin Xu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Theodore Price
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75080, USA
| | - Adrian R Kendal
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Chen-Ming Fan
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD 21208, USA
| | - Thomas L Clemens
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Benjamin Levi
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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8
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Rowe CJ, Nwaolu U, Salinas D, Hong J, Nunez J, Lansford JL, McCarthy CF, Potter BK, Levi BH, Davis TA. Inhibition of focal adhesion kinase 2 results in a macrophage polarization shift to M2 which attenuates local and systemic inflammation and reduces heterotopic ossification after polysystem extremity trauma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1280884. [PMID: 38116014 PMCID: PMC10728492 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1280884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a complex pathology often observed in combat injured casualties who have sustained severe, high energy polytraumatic extremity injuries. Once HO has developed, prophylactic therapies are limited outside of surgical excision. Tourniquet-induced ischemia injury (IR) exacerbates trauma-mediated musculoskeletal tissue injury, inflammation, osteogenic progenitor cell development and HO formation. Others have shown that focal adhesion kinase-2 (FAK2) plays a key role in regulating early inflammatory signaling events. Therefore, we hypothesized that targeting FAK2 prophylactically would mitigate extremity trauma induced IR inflammation and HO formation. Methods We tested whether the continuous infusion of a FAK2 inhibitor (Defactinib, PF-573228; 6.94 µg/kg/min for 14 days) can mitigate ectopic bone formation (HO) using an established blast-related extremity injury model involving femoral fracture, quadriceps crush injury, three hours of tourniquet-induced limb ischemia, and hindlimb amputation through the fracture site. Tissue inflammation, infiltrating cells, osteogenic progenitor cell content were assessed at POD-7. Micro-computed tomography imaging was used to quantify mature HO at POD-56. Results In comparison to vehicle control-treated rats, FAK2 administration resulted in no marked wound healing complications or weight loss. FAK2 treatment decreased HO by 43%. At POD-7, marked reductions in tissue proinflammatory gene expression and assayable osteogenic progenitor cells were measured, albeit no significant changes in expression patterns of angiogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic genes. At the same timepoint, injured tissue from FAK-treated rats had fewer infiltrating cells. Additionally, gene expression analyses of tissue infiltrating cells resulted in a more measurable shift from an M1 inflammatory to an M2 anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype in the FAK2 inhibitor-treated group. Discussion Our findings suggest that FAK2 inhibition may be a novel strategy to dampen trauma-induced inflammation and attenuate HO in patients at high risk as a consequence of severe musculoskeletal polytrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassie J. Rowe
- Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Uloma Nwaolu
- Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Daniela Salinas
- Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jonathan Hong
- Center for Organogenesis Research and Trauma, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Johanna Nunez
- Center for Organogenesis Research and Trauma, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jefferson L. Lansford
- Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Conor F. McCarthy
- Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Benjamin K. Potter
- Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Benjamin H. Levi
- Center for Organogenesis Research and Trauma, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Thomas A. Davis
- Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
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9
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Mundy C, Yao L, Shaughnessy KA, Saunders C, Shore EM, Koyama E, Pacifici M. Palovarotene Action Against Heterotopic Ossification Includes a Reduction of Local Participating Activin A-Expressing Cell Populations. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10821. [PMID: 38130748 PMCID: PMC10731142 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) consists of extraskeletal bone formation. One form of HO is acquired and instigated by traumas or surgery, and another form is genetic and characterizes fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP). Recently, we and others showed that activin A promotes both acquired and genetic HO, and in previous studies we found that the retinoid agonist palovarotene inhibits both HO forms in mice. Here, we asked whether palovarotene's action against HO may include an interference with endogenous activin A expression and/or function. Using a standard mouse model of acquired HO, we found that activin A and its encoding RNA (Inhba) were prominent in chondrogenic cells within developing HO masses in untreated mice. Single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) assays verified that Inhba expression characterized chondroprogenitors and chondrocytes in untreated HO, in addition to its expected expression in inflammatory cells and macrophages. Palovarotene administration (4 mg/kg/d/gavage) caused a sharp inhibition of both HO and amounts of activin A and Inhba transcripts. Bioinformatic analyses of scRNAseq data sets indicated that the drug had reduced interactions and cross-talk among local cell populations. To determine if palovarotene inhibited Inhba expression directly, we assayed primary chondrocyte cultures. Drug treatment inhibited their cartilaginous phenotype but not Inhba expression. Our data reveal that palovarotene markedly reduces the number of local Inhba-expressing HO-forming cell populations. The data broaden the spectrum of HO culprits against which palovarotene acts, accounting for its therapeutic effectiveness. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Mundy
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Lutian Yao
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Kelly A. Shaughnessy
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Cheri Saunders
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Eileen M. Shore
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Genetics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Eiki Koyama
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Maurizio Pacifici
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
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10
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Franceschi RT, Hallett SA, Ge C. Discoidin domain receptors; an ancient family of collagen receptors has major roles in bone development, regeneration and metabolism. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2023; 4:1181817. [PMID: 38222874 PMCID: PMC10785288 DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2023.1181817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) niche plays a critical role in determining cellular behavior during bone development including the differentiation and lineage allocation of skeletal progenitor cells to chondrocytes, osteoblasts, or marrow adipocytes. As the major ECM component in mineralized tissues, collagen has instructive as well as structural roles during bone development and is required for bone cell differentiation. Cells sense their extracellular environment using specific cell surface receptors. For many years, specific β1 integrins were considered the main collagen receptors in bone, but, more recently, the important role of a second, more primordial collagen receptor family, the discoidin domain receptors, has become apparent. This review will specifically focus on the roles of discoidin domain receptors in mineralized tissue development as well as related functions in abnormal bone formation, regeneration and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renny T. Franceschi
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Shawn A. Hallett
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Chunxi Ge
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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11
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Mohamed FF, Ge C, Hallett SA, Bancroft AC, Cowling RT, Ono N, Binrayes AA, Greenberg B, Levi B, Kaartinen VM, Franceschi RT. Control of craniofacial development by the collagen receptor, discoidin domain receptor 2. eLife 2023; 12:e77257. [PMID: 36656123 PMCID: PMC9977278 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of the craniofacial skeleton requires interactions between progenitor cells and the collagen-rich extracellular matrix (ECM). The mediators of these interactions are not well-defined. Mutations in the discoidin domain receptor 2 gene (DDR2), which encodes a non-integrin collagen receptor, are associated with human craniofacial abnormalities, such as midface hypoplasia and open fontanels. However, the exact role of this gene in craniofacial morphogenesis is not known. As will be shown, Ddr2-deficient mice exhibit defects in craniofacial bones including impaired calvarial growth and frontal suture formation, cranial base hypoplasia due to aberrant chondrogenesis and delayed ossification at growth plate synchondroses. These defects were associated with abnormal collagen fibril organization, chondrocyte proliferation and polarization. As established by localization and lineage-tracing studies, Ddr2 is expressed in progenitor cell-enriched craniofacial regions including sutures and synchondrosis resting zone cartilage, overlapping with GLI1 + cells, and contributing to chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages during skull growth. Tissue-specific knockouts further established the requirement for Ddr2 in GLI +skeletal progenitors and chondrocytes. These studies establish a cellular basis for regulation of craniofacial morphogenesis by this understudied collagen receptor and suggest that DDR2 is necessary for proper collagen organization, chondrocyte proliferation, and orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma F Mohamed
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Chunxi Ge
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Shawn A Hallett
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Alec C Bancroft
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas SouthwesternDallasUnited States
| | - Randy T Cowling
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Noriaki Ono
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of DentistryHoustonUnited States
| | - Abdul-Aziz Binrayes
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Barry Greenberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Benjamin Levi
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas SouthwesternDallasUnited States
| | - Vesa M Kaartinen
- Department of Biologic & Materials Science, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Renny T Franceschi
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn ArborUnited States
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
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