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Bao L, Huang L, Guo H, Gao HJ. Construction and physical properties of low-dimensional structures for nanoscale electronic devices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9082-9117. [PMID: 35383791 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05981e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, construction of nanoscale electronic devices with novel functionalities based on low-dimensional structures, such as single molecules and two-dimensional (2D) materials, has been rapidly developed. To investigate their intrinsic properties for versatile functionalities of nanoscale electronic devices, it is crucial to precisely control the structures and understand the physical properties of low-dimensional structures at the single atomic level. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the construction of nanoelectronic devices based on single molecules and 2D materials and the investigation of their physical properties. For single molecules, we focus on the construction of single-molecule devices, such as molecular motors and molecular switches, by precisely controlling their self-assembled structures on metal substrates and charge transport properties. For 2D materials, we emphasize their spin-related electrical transport properties for spintronic device applications and the role that interfaces among 2D semiconductors, contact electrodes, and dielectric substrates play in the electrical performance of electronic, optoelectronic, and memory devices. Finally, we discuss the future research direction in this field, where we can expect a scientific breakthrough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Bao
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China. .,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Li Huang
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Guo
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China. .,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
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2
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Moca CP, Weymann I, Werner MA, Zaránd G. Kondo Cloud in a Superconductor. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:186804. [PMID: 34767427 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.186804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic impurities embedded in a metal are screened by the Kondo effect, signaled by the formation of an extended correlation cloud, the so-called Kondo or screening cloud. In a superconductor, the Kondo state turns into subgap Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states, and a quantum phase transition occurs between screened and unscreened phases once the superconducting energy gap Δ exceeds sufficiently the Kondo temperature, T_{K}. Here we show that, although the Kondo state does not form in the unscreened phase, the Kondo cloud does exist in both quantum phases. However, while screening is complete in the screened phase, it is only partial in the unscreened phase. Compensation, a quantity introduced to characterize the integrity of the cloud, is universal, and shown to be related to the magnetic impurities' g factor, monitored experimentally by bias spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălin Paşcu Moca
- MTA-BME Quantum Dynamics and Correlations Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physics, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Ireneusz Weymann
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Miklós Antal Werner
- MTA-BME Quantum Dynamics and Correlations Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Zaránd
- MTA-BME Quantum Dynamics and Correlations Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
- BME-MTA Exotic Quantum Phases 'Lendület' Research Group, Institute of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
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3
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Lu S, Nam H, Xiao P, Liu M, Guo Y, Bai Y, Cheng Z, Deng J, Li Y, Zhou H, Henkelman G, Fiete GA, Gao HJ, MacDonald AH, Zhang C, Shih CK. PTCDA Molecular Monolayer on Pb Thin Films: An Unusual π-Electron Kondo System and Its Interplay with a Quantum-Confined Superconductor. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:186805. [PMID: 34767397 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.186805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The hybridization of magnetism and superconductivity has been an intriguing playground for correlated electron systems, hosting various novel physical phenomena. Usually, localized d or f electrons are central to magnetism. In this study, by placing a PTCDA (3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride) molecular monolayer on ultrathin Pb films, we built a hybrid magnetism/superconductivity (M/SC) system consisting of only sp electronic levels. The magnetic moments reside in the unpaired molecular orbital originating from interfacial charge transfers. We reported distinctive tunneling spectroscopic features of such a Kondo screened π electron impurity lattice on a superconductor in the regime of T_{K}≫Δ, suggesting the formation of a two-dimensional bound states band. Moreover, moiré superlattices with tunable twist angle and the quantum confinement in the ultrathin Pb films provide easy and flexible implementations to tune the interplay between the Kondo physics and the superconductivity, which are rarely present in M/SC hybrid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangzan Lu
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hyoungdo Nam
- Department of Physics, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Penghao Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- Department of Physics & Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H4J5, Canada
| | - Mengke Liu
- Department of Physics, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Yanping Guo
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yusong Bai
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhengbo Cheng
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jinghao Deng
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yanxing Li
- Department of Physics, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Haitao Zhou
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Graeme Henkelman
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Gregory A Fiete
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Allan H MacDonald
- Department of Physics, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Chendong Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chih-Kang Shih
- Department of Physics, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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4
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Cirera B, Gallego JM, Martínez JI, Miranda R, Écija D. Lanthanide-porphyrin species as Kondo irreversible switches through tip-induced coordination chemistry. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:8600-8606. [PMID: 33913939 PMCID: PMC8118200 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08992c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metallosupramolecular chemical protocols are applied to in situ design dysprosium porphyrin complexes on Au(111) by sequential deposition of 2H-4FTPP species and Dy, resulting in the production of premetallated Dy-2H-4FTPP, partially metallated Dy-1H-4FTPP and fully metallated Dy-0H-4FTPP complexes, as determined by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A zero bias resonance is found in the Dy-2H-4FTPP species which, upon study of its spatial distribution and behavior with temperature, is assigned to a Kondo resonance resulting from an unpaired spin in the molecular backbone, featuring a Kondo temperature (TK) of ≈ 21 K. Notably, the Kondo resonance can be switched off by removing one hydrogen atom of the macrocycle through tip-induced voltage pulses with submolecular precision. The species with this Kondo resonance can be laterally manipulated illustrating the potential to assemble artificial Kondo lattices. Our study demonstrates that the pre-metallation of macrocycles by lanthanides and their controlled manipulation is a novel strategy to engineer in situ tunable Kondo nanoarchitectures, enhancing the potential of coordination chemistry for spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Cirera
- IMDEA NanoscienceCantoblancoMadridSpain
| | - J. M. Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC)c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 328049 MadridSpain
| | - J. I. Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC)c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 328049 MadridSpain
| | - R. Miranda
- IMDEA NanoscienceCantoblancoMadridSpain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de MadridCantoblancoMadridSpain
| | - D. Écija
- IMDEA NanoscienceCantoblancoMadridSpain
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5
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Large enhancement of thermoelectric performance in MoS 2/ h-BN heterostructure due to vacancy-induced band hybridization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:13929-13936. [PMID: 32522877 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007495117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Local impurity states arising from atomic vacancies in two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets are predicted to have a profound effect on charge transport due to resonant scattering and can be used to manipulate thermoelectric properties. However, the effects of these impurities are often masked by external fluctuations and turbostratic interfaces; therefore, it is challenging to probe the correlation between vacancy impurities and thermoelectric parameters experimentally. In this work, we demonstrate that n-type molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) supported on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) substrate reveals a large anomalous positive Seebeck coefficient with strong band hybridization. The presence of vacancies on MoS2 with a large conduction subband splitting of 50.0 ± 5.0 meV may contribute to Kondo insulator-like properties. Furthermore, by tuning the chemical potential, the thermoelectric power factor can be enhanced by up to two orders of magnitude to 50 mW m-1 K-2 Our work shows that defect engineering in 2D materials provides an effective strategy for controlling band structure and tuning thermoelectric transport.
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6
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Moro-Lagares M, Korytár R, Piantek M, Robles R, Lorente N, Pascual JI, Ibarra MR, Serrate D. Real space manifestations of coherent screening in atomic scale Kondo lattices. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2211. [PMID: 31101815 PMCID: PMC6525169 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction among magnetic moments screened by conduction electrons drives quantum phase transitions between magnetically ordered and heavy-fermion ground states. Here, starting from isolated magnetic impurities in the Kondo regime, we investigate the formation of the finite size analogue of a heavy Fermi liquid. We build regularly-spaced chains of Co adatoms on a metallic surface by atomic manipulation. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy is used to obtain maps of the Kondo resonance intensity with sub-atomic resolution. For sufficiently small interatomic separation, the spatial distribution of Kondo screening does not coincide with the position of the adatoms. It also develops enhancements at both edges of the chains. Since we can rule out any other interaction between Kondo impurities, this is explained in terms of the indirect hybridization of the Kondo orbitals mediated by a coherent electron gas, the mechanism that causes the emergence of heavy quasiparticles in the thermodynamic limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Moro-Lagares
- Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, University of Zaragoza, E-50018, Zaragoza, Spain.,Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences, Prague, 16200, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Korytár
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Marten Piantek
- Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, University of Zaragoza, E-50018, Zaragoza, Spain.,Dpto.Física Materia Condensada, University of Zaragoza, E-50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Roberto Robles
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolás Lorente
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jose I Pascual
- Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, University of Zaragoza, E-50018, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIC NanoGUNE, E-20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011, Bilbao, Spain
| | - M Ricardo Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, University of Zaragoza, E-50018, Zaragoza, Spain.,Dpto.Física Materia Condensada, University of Zaragoza, E-50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - David Serrate
- Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, University of Zaragoza, E-50018, Zaragoza, Spain. .,Dpto.Física Materia Condensada, University of Zaragoza, E-50009, Zaragoza, Spain. .,Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
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7
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Ren J, Wang Y, Zhao J, Tan S, Petek H. K Atom Promotion of O2 Chemisorption on Au(111) Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:4438-4444. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Ren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yanan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shijing Tan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Hrvoje Petek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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8
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Wei S, Wang Z, Jin J, Xu H, Lu Y, Wang L. Assembling fullerene into nanostructures over micrometer scale with atomic precision. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:395301. [PMID: 29989565 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aad25a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Assembling large organic molecules into predesigned structures for nanoscale devices is a long-standing challenge. Here, we present the atom-scale precise repositions of individual fullerene molecules and molecule transportation over the micrometer scale on a Si(111) surface via reproducible and reversible vertical manipulation by a scanning tunneling microscopy tip. A two-rod abacus consisting of ten fullerene molecules was used to perform arithmetic operations with double digits. This opens the door for the use of larger organic molecules displaying intrinsic characteristics as complex molecular devices with novel functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wei
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China. School of Materials and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
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9
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Li K, Zhang C, Wu Y, Lin W, Zheng X, Zhou Y, Lu S, Kang J. In-plane Anisotropy of Quantum Transport in Artificial Two-dimensional Au Lattices. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:1724-1732. [PMID: 29433320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental observation and direct control of quantum transport in artificial two-dimensional Au lattices. Combining the advanced techniques of low-temperature deposition and newly developed double-probe scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we display a two-dimensional carrier transport and demonstrate a strong in-plane transport modulation in the two-dimensional Au lattices. In well-ordered Au lattices, we observe the carrier transport behavior manifesting as a band-like feature with an energy gap. Furthermore, controlled structural modification performed by constructing coupled "stadiums" enables a transition of system dynamics in the lattices, which in turn establishes tunable resonant transport throughout a wide energy range. Our findings open the possibility of the construction and transport engineering of artificial lattices by the geometrical arrangement of scatterers and quantum chaotic dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongyi Li
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors Materials and Applications , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
- Department of Applied Physics , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Chunmiao Zhang
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors Materials and Applications , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Yaping Wu
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors Materials and Applications , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Wenzhi Lin
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors Materials and Applications , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Xuanli Zheng
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors Materials and Applications , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Yinghui Zhou
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors Materials and Applications , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Shiqiang Lu
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors Materials and Applications , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Junyong Kang
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors Materials and Applications , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
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10
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Huang Z, Zhang Y, He Y, Song H, Yin C, Wu K. A chemist's overview of surface electron spins. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:1955-1976. [PMID: 28317957 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00891g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent research progress in the measurement and tuning of the electron spins of alien atoms and molecules adsorbed on well-defined substrates. After a brief introduction to the main experimental techniques employed to study surface electron spins, some well-explored systems consisting of atomic and molecular spin-carriers at surfaces are overviewed from a chemist's viewpoint, focusing on the experimental measurements and chemical modifications of the electron spin states of the alien entities at the surfaces on the atomic/molecular level. Finally, personal perspectives have been provided, aiming at describing some of the remaining issues that need to be addressed in the future and proposing potential applications in surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Huang
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yajie Zhang
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yang He
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Huanjun Song
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Cen Yin
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Kai Wu
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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11
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Choi DJ, Robles R, Yan S, Burgess JAJ, Rolf-Pissarczyk S, Gauyacq JP, Lorente N, Ternes M, Loth S. Building Complex Kondo Impurities by Manipulating Entangled Spin Chains. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:6203-6209. [PMID: 28872317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The creation of molecule-like structures in which magnetic atoms interact controllably is full of potential for the study of complex or strongly correlated systems. Here, we create spin chains in which a strongly correlated Kondo state emerges from magnetic coupling of transition-metal atoms. We build chains up to ten atoms in length by placing Fe and Mn atoms on a Cu2N surface with a scanning tunneling microscope. The atoms couple antiferromagnetically via superexchange interaction through the nitrogen atom network of the surface. The emergent Kondo resonance is spatially distributed along the chain. Its strength can be controlled by mixing atoms of different transition metal elements and manipulating their spatial distribution. We show that the Kondo screening of the full chain by the electrons of the nonmagnetic substrate depends on the interatomic entanglement of the spins in the chain, demonstrating the prerequisites to build and probe spatially extended strongly correlated nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deung-Jang Choi
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roberto Robles
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shichao Yan
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jacob A J Burgess
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Steffen Rolf-Pissarczyk
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Gauyacq
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Bât. 351, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Nicolás Lorente
- Centro de Física de Materiales, CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU) , Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) , Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Markus Ternes
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sebastian Loth
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute for Functional Matter and Quantum Technologies, University of Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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12
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Liu K, Chen T, He S, Robbins JP, Podkolzin SG, Tian F. Observation and Identification of an Atomic Oxygen Structure on Catalytic Gold Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Shuyue He
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Jason P. Robbins
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Simon G. Podkolzin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Fei Tian
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
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13
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Liu K, Chen T, He S, Robbins JP, Podkolzin SG, Tian F. Observation and Identification of an Atomic Oxygen Structure on Catalytic Gold Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12952-12957. [PMID: 28776923 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Shuyue He
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Jason P. Robbins
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Simon G. Podkolzin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Fei Tian
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
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14
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Xie XC, Yu L. Recent advances in condensed-matter physics in China. Natl Sci Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwx005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Cheng Xie
- Xin-Cheng Xie Dean and Chair Professor, School of Physics, Peking UniversityEditorial Board Member of NSRLu YuSenior Scientist, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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15
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Hong IP, Li N, Zhang YJ, Wang H, Song HJ, Bai ML, Zhou X, Li JL, Gu GC, Zhang X, Chen M, Gottfried JM, Wang D, Lü JT, Peng LM, Hou SM, Berndt R, Wu K, Wang YF. Vacuum synthesis of magnetic aluminum phthalocyanine on Au(111). Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10338-41. [PMID: 27406881 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03359h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Air-unstable magnetic aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPc) molecules are prepared by an on-surface metalation reaction of phthalocyanine with aluminum (Al) atoms on Au(111) in ultrahigh vacuum. Experiments and density functional theory calculations show that an unpaired spin is located on the conjugated isoindole lobes of the molecule rather than at the Al position.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Po Hong
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Ya-Jie Zhang
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Huan-Jun Song
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Mei-Lin Bai
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xiong Zhou
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Jian-Long Li
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Gao-Chen Gu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Min Chen
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str., 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - J Michael Gottfried
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str., 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jing-Tao Lü
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lian-Mao Peng
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Shi-Min Hou
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. and Beida Information Research (BIR), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kai Wu
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yong-Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. and Beida Information Research (BIR), Tianjin 300457, China
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16
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Katoh K, Komeda T, Yamashita M. The Frontier of Molecular Spintronics Based on Multiple-Decker Phthalocyaninato TbIIISingle-Molecule Magnets. CHEM REC 2016; 16:987-1016. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201500290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Katoh
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba Aoba-Ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Tadahiro Komeda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen)Tohoku University; 22-1-1, Katahira Aoba-Ku Sendai 980-0877 (Japan)E-mail: Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba Aoba-Ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
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17
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Ara F, Qi ZK, Hou J, Komeda T, Katoh K, Yamashita M. A scanning tunneling microscopy study of the electronic and spin states of bis(phthalocyaninato)terbium(iii) (TbPc2) molecules on Ag(111). Dalton Trans 2016; 45:16644-16652. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01967f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we investigate a single molecule magnet bis(phthalocyaninato)terbium(iii) (TbPc2) molecule film by using low temperature STM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdous Ara
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Zhi Kun Qi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Jie Hou
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Tadahiro Komeda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM
- Tagen)
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-0877
- Japan
| | - Keiichi Katoh
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
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18
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Wang H, Li S, He H, Yu A, Toledo F, Han Z, Ho W, Wu R. Trapping and Characterization of a Single Hydrogen Molecule in a Continuously Tunable Nanocavity. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:3453-3457. [PMID: 26291093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Using inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy with the scanning tunneling microscope (STM-IETS) and density functional theory calculations (DFT), we investigated properties of a single H2 molecule trapped in nanocavities with controlled shape and separation between the STM tip and the Au (110) surface. The STM tip not only serves for the purpose of characterization, but also is directly involved in modification of chemical environment of molecule. The bond length of H2 expands in the atop cavity, with a tendency of dissociation when the gap closes, whereas it remains unchanged in the trough cavity. The availability of two substantially different cavities in the same setup allows understanding of H2 adsorption on noble metal surfaces and sets a path for manipulating a single chemical bond by design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
| | - Shaowei Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
| | - Haiyan He
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
- Department of Physics, University Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Arthur Yu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
| | - Freddy Toledo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Zhumin Han
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
| | - W Ho
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Ruqian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
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19
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Wang H, Shi C, Hu J, Han S, Yu CC, Wu RQ. Candidate Source of Flux Noise in SQUIDs: Adsorbed Oxygen Molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:077002. [PMID: 26317742 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.077002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A major obstacle to using superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) as qubits is flux noise. We propose that the heretofore mysterious spins producing flux noise could be O_{2} molecules adsorbed on the surface. Using density functional theory calculations, we find that an O_{2} molecule adsorbed on an α-alumina surface has a magnetic moment of ~1.8 μ_{B}. The spin is oriented perpendicular to the axis of the O-O bond, the barrier to spin rotations is about 10 mK. Monte Carlo simulations of ferromagnetically coupled, anisotropic XY spins on a square lattice find 1/f magnetization noise, consistent with flux noise in Al SQUIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. 2, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - Chuntai Shi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, 2, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin– Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA USA
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - Sungho Han
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - Clare C Yu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - R Q Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
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20
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Liu J, Li C, Liu X, Lu Y, Xiang F, Qiao X, Cai Y, Wang Z, Liu S, Wang L. Positioning and switching phthalocyanine molecules on a Cu(100) surface at room temperature. ACS NANO 2014; 8:12734-12740. [PMID: 25493328 DOI: 10.1021/nn5058535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Reversible molecular switches with molecular orientation as the information carrier have been achieved on individual phthalocyanine (H2Pc) molecules adsorbed on a Cu(100) surface at room temperature. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging directly demonstrates that H2Pc molecules can be controlled to move along the [011] or [011̅] surface direction of the Cu(100) surface, and the orientation of H2Pc molecules can also be switched between two angles of ±28° with respect to the [011] surface direction by a lateral manipulation. Owing to the highly efficient control over the adsorption site and orientation of H2Pc adsorbed on the Cu(100) surface by lateral manipulation, a pyramidal array formed by 10 H2Pc molecules has been constructed on the Cu surface as a prototype of binary memory, and every molecule within such a molecular array can be individually and reversibly controlled by a STM tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Department of Physics and ‡Nanoscale Science and Technology Laboratory, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031, P.R. China
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21
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Zhang C, Wu Y, Zhou Y, Gao N, Guo F, Chen X, Jiang B, Hu W, Kang J. Two-dimensional Au lattices featuring unique carrier transport preference and wide forbidden gap. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:10118-10125. [PMID: 25037748 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr01329h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale 2D Au lattices with honeycomb-like structure are fabricated on Si(111)-7 × 7 surface at room temperature. The growth pattern investigated by reflection high-energy electron diffraction and in situ scanning tunneling microscopy indicates that the 2D Au lattices are composed of two interfacial distinct layers that are completely formed one after another with a close-packed structure. A unique wide forbidden gap of 4.1 eV is measured around the Fermi level of the 2D Au lattices by scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Bias-dependent STM images and theoretical simulations suggest that the in-plane quantum coupling and carrier transport behavior are responsible for the novel electronic properties. In addition to local electronic states, the electronic structures of 2D Au lattices are further modulated by the carrier transport preference that is determined by carrier energy and symmetry of 2D lattices. These findings will provide some references for the controlled fabrication and for routing the carrier transport behavior of low-dimensional metal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmiao Zhang
- Department of Physics, Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
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22
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Sun Q, Zhang C, Cai L, Tan Q, Xu W. Oxygen-induced self-assembly of quaterphenyl molecules on metal surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:12112-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05235h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Garnica M, Stradi D, Calleja F, Barja S, Díaz C, Alcamí M, Arnau A, Vázquez de Parga AL, Martín F, Miranda R. Probing the site-dependent Kondo response of nanostructured graphene with organic molecules. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:4560-4567. [PMID: 25054236 DOI: 10.1021/nl501584v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
TCNQ molecules are used as a sensitive probe for the Kondo response of the electron gas of a nanostructured graphene grown on Ru(0001) presenting a moiré pattern. All adsorbed molecules acquired an extra electron by charge transfer from the substrate, but only those adsorbed in the FCC-Top areas of the moiré show magnetic moment and Kondo resonance in the STS spectra. DFT calculations trace back this behavior to the existence of a surface resonance in the low areas of the graphene moiré, whose density distribution strongly depends on the stacking sequence of the moiré area and effectively quenches the magnetic moment for HCP-Top sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Garnica
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada and IFIMAC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Abstract
Molecular contacts are generally poorly conducting because their energy levels tend to lie far from the Fermi energy of the metal contact, necessitating undesirably large gate and bias voltages in molecular electronics applications. Molecular radicals are an exception because their partly filled orbitals undergo Kondo screening, opening the way to electron passage even at zero bias. Whereas that phenomenon has been experimentally demonstrated for several complex organic radicals, quantitative theoretical predictions have not been attempted so far. It is therefore an open question whether and to what extent an ab initio-based theory is able to make accurate predictions for Kondo temperatures and conductance lineshapes. Choosing nitric oxide (NO) as a simple and exemplary spin 1/2 molecular radical, we present calculations based on a combination of density functional theory and numerical renormalization group (DFT+NRG), predicting a zero bias spectral anomaly with a Kondo temperature of 15 K for NO/Au(111). A scanning tunneling spectroscopy study is subsequently carried out to verify the prediction, and a striking zero bias Kondo anomaly is confirmed, still quite visible at liquid nitrogen temperatures. Comparison shows that the experimental Kondo temperature of about 43 K is larger than the theoretical one, whereas the inverted Fano lineshape implies a strong source of interference not included in the model. These discrepancies are not a surprise, providing in fact an instructive measure of the approximations used in the modeling, which supports and qualifies the viability of the density functional theory and numerical renormalization group approach to the prediction of conductance anomalies in larger molecular radicals.
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25
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Liu L, Yang K, Jiang Y, Song B, Xiao W, Li L, Zhou H, Wang Y, Du S, Ouyang M, Hofer WA, Castro Neto AH, Gao HJ. Reversible single spin control of individual magnetic molecule by hydrogen atom adsorption. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1210. [PMID: 23383378 PMCID: PMC3563034 DOI: 10.1038/srep01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The reversible control of a single spin of an atom or a molecule is of great interest in Kondo physics and a potential application in spin based electronics. Here we demonstrate that the Kondo resonance of manganese phthalocyanine molecules on a Au(111) substrate have been reversibly switched off and on via a robust route through attachment and detachment of single hydrogen atom to the magnetic core of the molecule. As further revealed by density functional theory calculations, even though the total number of electrons of the Mn ion remains almost the same in the process, gaining one single hydrogen atom leads to redistribution of charges within 3d orbitals with a reduction of the molecular spin state from S = 3/2 to S = 1 that directly contributes to the Kondo resonance disappearance. This process is reversed by a local voltage pulse or thermal annealing to desorb the hydrogen atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Liu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190, China
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