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Mezzasalma M, Brunelli E, Odierna G, Guarino FM. Evolutionary and Genomic Diversity of True Polyploidy in Tetrapods. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13061033. [PMID: 36978574 PMCID: PMC10044425 DOI: 10.3390/ani13061033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
True polyploid organisms have more than two chromosome sets in their somatic and germline cells. Polyploidy is a major evolutionary force and has played a significant role in the early genomic evolution of plants, different invertebrate taxa, chordates, and teleosts. However, the contribution of polyploidy to the generation of new genomic, ecological, and species diversity in tetrapods has traditionally been underestimated. Indeed, polyploidy represents an important pathway of genomic evolution, occurring in most higher-taxa tetrapods and displaying a variety of different forms, genomic configurations, and biological implications. Herein, we report and discuss the available information on the different origins and evolutionary and ecological significance of true polyploidy in tetrapods. Among the main tetrapod lineages, modern amphibians have an unparalleled diversity of polyploids and, until recently, they were considered to be the only vertebrates with closely related diploid and polyploid bisexual species or populations. In reptiles, polyploidy was thought to be restricted to squamates and associated with parthenogenesis. In birds and mammals, true polyploidy has generally been considered absent (non-tolerated). These views are being changed due to an accumulation of new data, and the impact as well as the different evolutionary and ecological implications of polyploidy in tetrapods, deserve a broader evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Mezzasalma
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Elvira Brunelli
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Gaetano Odierna
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy (F.M.G.)
| | - Fabio Maria Guarino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy (F.M.G.)
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The Amazonian Red Side-Necked Turtle Rhinemys rufipes (Spix, 1824) (Testudines, Chelidae) Has a GSD Sex-Determining Mechanism with an Ancient XY Sex Microchromosome System. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092088. [PMID: 32932633 PMCID: PMC7563702 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Amazonian red side-necked turtle Rhynemis rufipes is an endemic Amazonian Chelidae species that occurs in small streams throughout Colombia and Brazil river basins. Little is known about various biological aspects of this species, including its sex determination strategies. Among chelids, the greatest karyotype diversity is found in the Neotropical species, with several 2n configurations, including cases of triploidy. Here, we investigate the karyotype of Rhinemys rufipes by applying combined conventional and molecular cytogenetic procedures. This allowed us to discover a genetic sex-determining mechanism that shares an ancestral micro XY sex chromosome system. This ancient micro XY system recruited distinct repeat motifs before it diverged from several South America and Australasian species. We propose that such a system dates back to the earliest lineages of the chelid species before the split of South America and Australasian lineages.
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Dawley RM, Goddard KA. DIPLOID-TRIPLOID MOSAICS AMONG UNISEXUAL HYBRIDS OF THE MINNOWS PHOXINUS EOS
AND PHOXINUS NEOGAEUS. Evolution 2017; 42:649-659. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1988.tb02484.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/1987] [Accepted: 01/29/1988] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Dawley
- Section of Ecology and Systematics; Cornell University; Ithaca NY 14850
| | - Kathryn A. Goddard
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Connecticut; Storrs CT 06268
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Araya-Donoso R, Véliz D, Vidal M, Lamborot M. Relationships of the morphological variation in diploids, triploids and mosaics of Liolaemus chiliensis (Sauria: Liolaemidae). AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1163/15685381-00003132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Liolaemus chiliensis, a widely distributed species in Chile, is unique in vertebrates because it presents populations with diploid (2n), triploid (3n) and mosaic (2n/3n) females, and with diploid and mosaic males whose meiosis produces reduced (n) and unreduced (2n) euploid gametes. With the aim of evaluating evolutionary consequences of polyploidy, we analyzed the morphological variability of 103 adults ofL. chiliensisfrom separated geographic areas using both traditional and geometric morphometry in order to visualize shape and size differences in individuals with different ploidy. The results indicated thatLiolaemus chiliensisis morphologically variable; a significant effect was observed for the interaction term of the three factors tested: sex, ploidy and locality. From the analysis, females exhibited higher values of axilla groin distance than males. There were also morphological differences in mosaic and triploid organisms with respect to the sympatric and allopatric diploids in the dorsal shape of the head, and the presence of intermediate phenotypes of triploids and mosaic lizards with sympatric males and females associated with the axilla groin distance. Results showed that there are morphological differences between polyploid and diploid organisms with both traditional and geometric approaches, suggesting evolutionary trend to differentiation; future research is needed to assess the underlying ecological and genetic mechanisms related to this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Araya-Donoso
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio de Ecología y Manejo Sustentable de Islas Oceánicas (ESMOI), Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - David Véliz
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio de Ecología y Manejo Sustentable de Islas Oceánicas (ESMOI), Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Marcela Vidal
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Biobío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Madeleine Lamborot
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Gunski RJ, Cunha IS, Degrandi TM, Ledesma M, Garnero ADV. Cytogenetic comparison of Podocnemis expansa and Podocnemis unifilis: A case of inversion and duplication involving constitutive heterochromatin. Genet Mol Biol 2013; 36:353-6. [PMID: 24130442 PMCID: PMC3795167 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572013005000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocnemis expansa and P. unifilis present 2n = 28 chromosomes, a diploid number similar to those observed in other species of the genus. The aim of this study was to characterize these two species using conventional staining and differential CBG-, GTG and Ag-NOR banding. We analyzed specimens of P. expansa and P. unifilis from the state of Tocantins (Brazil), in which we found a 2n = 28 and karyotypes differing in the morphology of the 13(th) pair, which was submetacentric in P. expansa and telocentric in P. unifilis. The CBG-banding patterns revealed a heterochromatic block in the short arm of pair 13 of P. expansa and an interstitial one in pair 13 of P. unifilis, suggesting a pericentric inversion. Pair 14 of P. unifilis showed an insterstitial band in the long arm that was absent in P. expansa, suggesting a duplication in this region. Ag-NORs were observed in the first chromosome pair of both species and was associated to a secondary constriction and heterochromatic blocks.
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Huebinger RM, Bickham JW, Rhodin AGJ, Mittermeier RA. Mitochondrial DNA Corroborates Taxonomy of the South American Chelid Turtles of the GeneraPlatemysandAcanthochelys. CHELONIAN CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.2744/ccb-0800.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Siripiyasing P, Tanomtong A, Jumrusthanasan S, Patawang I, Phimphan S, Sanoamuang LO. First Cytogenetic Study of Malayan Snail-eating Turtle, Malayemys macrocephala (Testudines, Geoemydidae) in Thailand. CYTOLOGIA 2013. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.78.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alongklod Tanomtong
- Applied Taxonomic Research Center (ATRC), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University
| | - Sarun Jumrusthanasan
- Applied Taxonomic Research Center (ATRC), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University
| | - Isara Patawang
- Applied Taxonomic Research Center (ATRC), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University
| | - Sumalee Phimphan
- Applied Taxonomic Research Center (ATRC), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University
| | - La-orsri Sanoamuang
- Applied Taxonomic Research Center (ATRC), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University
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Lampert K, Steinlein C, Schmid M, Fischer P, Schartl M. A haploid-diploid-triploid mosaic of the Amazon molly, Poecilia formosa. Cytogenet Genome Res 2007; 119:131-4. [DOI: 10.1159/000109629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Noleto RB, Kantek DLZ, Swarça AC, Dias AL, Fenocchio AS, Cestari MM. Karyotypic characterization of Hydromedusa tectifera (Testudines, Pleurodira) from the upper Iguaçu River in the Brazilian state of Paraná. Genet Mol Biol 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572006000200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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10
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Modi WS, Crews D. Sex chromosomes and sex determination in reptiles. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2005; 15:660-5. [PMID: 16214335 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2005.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2005] [Accepted: 09/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reptiles occupy a crucial position with respect to vertebrate phylogeny, having roamed the earth for more than 300 million years and given rise to both birds and mammals. To date, this group has been largely ignored by contemporary genomics technologies, although the green anole lizard was recently recommended for whole genome sequencing. Future experiments using flow-sorted chromosome libraries and high-throughout genomic sequencing will help to discover important findings regarding sex chromosome evolution, early events in sex determination, and dosage compensation. This information should contribute extensively toward a general understanding of the genetic control of development in amniotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Modi
- SAIC Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Core Genotyping Facility, 8717 Grovemont Circle, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA.
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11
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Doeringsfeld MR, Schlosser IJ, Elder JF, Evenson DP. PHENOTYPIC CONSEQUENCES OF GENETIC VARIATION IN A GYNOGENETIC COMPLEX OF PHOXINUS EOS-NEOGAEUS CLONAL FISH (PISCES: CYPRINIDAE) INHABITING A HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENT. Evolution 2004; 58:1261-73. [PMID: 15266975 DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2004.tb01705.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We examined the genetic composition, habitat use, and morphological variation of a Phoxinus eos-neogaeus unisexual hybrid complex and its sexually reproducing progenitor species inhabiting beaver-modified drainages of Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota. In addition to the single diploid P. eos-neogaeus gynogenetic clone, triploid and diploid-triploid mosaic biotypes were present at our study sites. Both P. eos and P. neogaeus, and all three hybrid biotypes were ubiquitous throughout one intensively surveyed drainage, but abundances and relative frequencies of the parental species and hybrids varied considerably within and among successional environments. Data from a large number of additional sites indicated that the proportion of polyploid hybrids within an environment was negatively related to hybrid relative frequency, implying that the genomic constitution of hybrids is an important determinant of clonal fitness among successional environments. Statistical comparisons of variation along size-free multivariate body shape axes indicated that despite its genetic uniformity, the P. eos-neogaeus clone is no less variable than its sexual progenitors, suggesting that a single genotype may actually respond to environmental variation with as much phenotypic variation as a genetically variable sexual population. The incorporation and expression of a third genome in triploid and diploid-triploid mosaic biotypes derived from the gynogenetic clone significantly expanded phenotypic variation of the clone. This additional variation results in greater similarities in habitat use and morphological overlap with the parental species, primarily P. eos, the predominant sperm donor for gynogenetic hybrid females in this complex. Polyploid augmentation of a diploid gynogenetic clone appears to be typical in the P. eos-neogaeus complex, and the additional genetic and phenotypic variation that it generates has potentially significant ecological and evolutionary consequences for the success and persistence of a single genotype in highly variable environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Doeringsfeld
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202-9019, USA.
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12
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Doeringsfeld MR, Schlosser IJ, Elder JF, Evenson DP. PHENOTYPIC CONSEQUENCES OF GENETIC VARIATION IN A GYNOGENETIC COMPLEX OF PHOXINUS EOS-NEOGAEUS CLONAL FISH (PISCES: CYPRINIDAE) INHABITING A HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENT. Evolution 2004. [DOI: 10.1554/03-668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sakaizumi M, Shimizu Y, Matsuzaki T, Hamaguchi S. Unreduced diploid eggs produced by interspecific hybrids betweenOryzias latipes and O.curvinotus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402660409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Wachtel SS, Tiersch TR. Variations in genome mass. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1993; 104:207-13. [PMID: 8462275 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(93)90360-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
1. Genome size varies considerably among vertebrates, ranging from less than 1 pg to more than 200 pg; the amount of DNA differing among individuals in a population can equal the amount in the entire structural gene complement. 2. Recent technological advances permit evaluation of genome size variation at several levels including sub-chromosomal, chromosomal and cellular. 3. Genome size variation may also be viewed from taxonomic levels, and across evolutionary time frames. 4. As sources of genome size variation are identified and studied, the conundrum of the C-value paradox (lack of correlations among genome size, genomic complexity and phylogenetic status of organisms) may prove to be more apparent than real. 5. For example, the limited and relatively constant genome size of avians may be related to the physiological constraints of flight.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Wachtel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163
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15
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Birstein VJ, Poletaev AI, Goncharov BF. DNA content in Eurasian sturgeon species determined by flow cytometry. CYTOMETRY 1993; 14:377-83. [PMID: 8513694 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.990140406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear DNA content in 10 species of chondrostean fishes was measured by flow cytometry. The sterlet Acipenser ruthenus blood cells were used as an internal standard. The sterlet DNA content was calculated on the basis of comparison with the Xenopus laevis blood cells, 2C = 6.30 pg. In the tetraploid A. ruthenus and A. stellatus the DNA content comprises 3.74 pg/nucleus and is practically invariant; in Huso dauricus it is almost the same, 3.74-3.81 pg; and in A. nudiventris it is a little higher, 3.88-4.04 pg. In the oldest chondrostean, Pseudoscaphirhynchus kaufmanni, the nuclear DNA content is slightly lower, 2C = 3.46-3.48 pg, and in the American paddlefish Polyodon spathula it is lower still, 3.17 pg. In two octoploid sturgeons, A. baeri and A. gueldenstaedti, the DNA content is twice as high as that of the sterlet, 8.29-8.31 and 7.86-7.88 pg, respectively; a very similar amount, 8.24-8.42 pg, was determined in the hybrid Huso huso x A. ruthenus. In the Sakhalin sturgeon, A. medirostris (= A. mikadoi), the DNA content is two times higher than in the octoploids, 13.93-14.73 pg; therefore its ploidy may be 16n and the number of chromosomes could be 500.
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Affiliation(s)
- V J Birstein
- N. K. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
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16
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Lockwood SF, Bickham JW. Genetic stock assessment of spawning arctic cisco (Coregonus autumnalis) populations by flow cytometric determination of DNA content. CYTOMETRY 1991; 12:260-7. [PMID: 2036920 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.990120309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Intraspecific variation in cellular DNA content was measured in five Coregonus autumnalis spawning populations from the Mackenzie River drainage, Canada, using flow cytometry. The rivers assayed were the Peel, Arctic Red, Mountain, Carcajou, and Liard rivers. DNA content was determined from whole blood preparations of fish from all rivers except the Carcajou, for which kidney tissue was used. DNA content measurements of kidney and blood preparations of the same fish from the Mountain River revealed statistically indistinguishable results. Mosaicism was found in blood preparations from the Peel, Arctic Red, Mountain, and Liard rivers, but was not observed in kidney tissue preparations from the Mountain or Carcajou rivers. The Liard River sample had significantly elevated mean DNA content relative to the other four samples; all other samples were statistically indistinguishable. Significant differences in mean DNA content among spawning stocks of a single species reinforces the need for adequate sample sizes of both individuals and populations when reporting "C" values for a particular species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Lockwood
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843
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Tiersch TR, Chandler RW, Wachtel SS, Elias S. Reference standards for flow cytometry and application in comparative studies of nuclear DNA content. CYTOMETRY 1989; 10:706-10. [PMID: 2582960 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.990100606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear DNA mass in cells from a reference species can be used to obtain high-resolution estimates of DNA mass from a target species. In our study of DNA mass in cells from 45 selected species, representing each of the major vertebrate classes, we have obtained values of from 1.5 to 110.0 pg of DNA. Because values in or near this range would be expected in the study of nuclear DNA mass in vertebrates and other organisms, the species in this report can provide a useful catalogue of references for comparative studies of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Tiersch
- Department of Biology, Memphis State University, Tennessee 38152
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Lage JM, Weinberg DS, Yavner DL, Bieber FR. The biology of tetraploid hydatidiform moles: histopathology, cytogenetics, and flow cytometry. Hum Pathol 1989; 20:419-25. [PMID: 2707792 DOI: 10.1016/0046-8177(89)90005-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We identified three cases of tetraploid hydatidiform moles (HM). A complete hydatidiform mole (CM) had a 92,XXXX karyotype. The two partial hydatidiform moles (PM) had karyotypes of 69,XXY/90,XXXY,-11,-13 and 92,XXYY, respectively. Study of chromosomal heteromorphisms in the 92,XXYY PM revealed two maternal and two paternal haploid sets. Flow cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA content from fresh placental tissue from the 69,XXY/90,XXXY,-11,-13 PM demonstrated distinct peaks in the triploid and tetraploid regions and an octaploid G2/M peak. Flow cytometric analysis of paraffin-embedded, fixed tissue was diagnostic of tetraploidy in the 92,XXXX CM and consistent with tetraploidy in the 92,XXYY PM. All three patients achieved spontaneous remission of elevated gonadotropin levels. These three cases of tetraploid HM do not fit into the usual patterns of diploid CM and triploid PM. We conclude that flow cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA may be used to identify polyploidy in fresh and paraffin-embedded, fixed placental tissues. Categorization of all molar placentas on the basis of ploidy presents rare opportunities to study the biology and natural history of gestational trophoblastic disease in tetraploid HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lage
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
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Tiersch TR, Chandler RW, Kallman KD, Wachtel SS. Estimation of nuclear DNA content by flow cytometry in fishes of the genus Xiphophorus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1989; 94:465-8. [PMID: 2620491 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(89)90182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
1. By use of flow cytometry we measured nuclear DNA content in cells from 16 stocks representing 9 species of the genus Xiphophorus. 2. Significant differences were detected between certain stocks and species with respect to DNA content. 3. Male-female differences were apparent in 5 of 7 stocks in which males and females were studied. 4. Estimation of nuclear DNA content is of potential significance in connection with the genetics of sex determination and the study of taxonomic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Tiersch
- Department of Biology, Memphis State University, Tennessee 38152
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20
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Gold JR, Amemiya CT, Karel WJ, Iida N. The karyotype and genome structure of the pirate perchAphredoderus sayanus (Aphredoderidae: Teleostei). Cell Mol Life Sci 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01960251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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The appearance of diploid-triploid and diploid-triploid-tetraploid mosaic individuals in polyploid fish, ginbuna (Carassius auratus langsdorfii). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01952460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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