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Christensen PR, Harrison ST. Thermal infrared emission spectroscopy of natural surfaces: Application to desert varnish coatings on rocks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/93jb00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bierman P, Harry K. Rock Varnish Cation-Ratios May not be a Reliable Method for Dating Lithic Artifacts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-267-165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTPrevious research suggested that the chemical composition of rock varnish, a micrometer thick Si/AI/Mn/Fe coating, changed predictably through time and so could be used as a chronometer. In particular, the cation ratio, (Ca+K)/Ti, was posited to decrease as the varnish aged. However, many earlier varnish studies were not well documented and were based on chemical analyses now shown to be inaccurate. This paper describes a test and the first direct comparison between two different analytic methods used previously to “cation-ratio date” archeologic and geologic materials. It provides methodology sufficiently detailed for replication of analytical and sampling techniques.Our analyses of rock varnish from a prehistoric chert quarry in California show that the two principal methods used to “cation-ratio date” rock varnish generate consistently different elemental abundances and are therefore not comparable. Neither analytic method produced a significant time-dependent trend in varnish chemistry, suggesting rock varnish cation ratios are not a reproducible and thus probably not a reliable way to date lithic artifacts.
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Beck W, Donahue DJ, Jull AJT, Burr G, Broecker WS, Bonani G, Hajdas I, Malotki E. Ambiguities in Direct Dating of Rock Surfaces Using Radiocarbon Measurements. Science 1998. [DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5372.2132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Beck
- NSF AMS Facility, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - D. J. Donahue
- NSF AMS Facility, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - A. J. T. Jull
- NSF AMS Facility, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - G. Burr
- NSF AMS Facility, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - W. S. Broecker
- Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University,
Palisades, NY 10964, USA
| | - G. Bonani
- Institut fuer Teilchenphysik, AMS Laboratory, ETH Hoenggerberg, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - I. Hajdas
- Institut fuer Teilchenphysik, AMS Laboratory, ETH Hoenggerberg, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E. Malotki
- Department of Modern Languages,
Northern Arizona University,
Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
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Russ J, Hyman M, Shafer HJ, Rowe MW. Radiocarbon dating of prehistoric rock paintings by selective oxidation of organic carbon. Nature 1990. [DOI: 10.1038/348710a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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