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Magrini T, Fox C, Wihardja A, Kolli A, Daraio C. Control of Mechanical and Fracture Properties in Two-Phase Materials Reinforced by Continuous, Irregular Networks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305198. [PMID: 37845747 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Composites with high strength and high fracture resistance are desirable for structural and protective applications. Most composites, however, suffer from poor damage tolerance and are prone to unpredictable fractures. Understanding the behavior of materials with an irregular reinforcement phase offers fundamental guidelines for tailoring their performance. Here, the fracture nucleation and propagation in two phase composites, as a function of the topology of their irregular microstructures is studied. A stochastic algorithm is used to design the polymeric reinforcing network, achieving independent control of topology and geometry of the microstructure. By tuning the local connectivity of isodense tiles and their assembly into larger structures, the mechanical and fracture properties of the architected composites are tailored at the local and global scale. Finally, combining different reinforcing networks into a spatially determined meso-scale assembly, it is demonstrated how the spatial propagation of fracture in architected composite materials can be designed and controlled a priori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Magrini
- Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Chelsea Fox
- Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Adeline Wihardja
- Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Athena Kolli
- Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Chiara Daraio
- Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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2
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Levitas VI, Dhar A, Pandey KK. Tensorial stress-plastic strain fields in α - ω Zr mixture, transformation kinetics, and friction in diamond-anvil cell. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5955. [PMID: 37741842 PMCID: PMC10517986 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Various phenomena (phase transformations (PTs), chemical reactions, microstructure evolution, strength, and friction) under high pressures in diamond-anvil cell are strongly affected by fields of stress and plastic strain tensors. However, they could not be measured. Here, we suggest coupled experimental-analytical-computational approaches utilizing synchrotron X-ray diffraction, to solve an inverse problem and find fields of all components of stress and plastic strain tensors and friction rules before, during, and after α-ω PT in strongly plastically predeformed Zr. Results are in good correspondence with each other and experiments. Due to advanced characterization, the minimum pressure for the strain-induced α-ω PT is changed from 1.36 to 2.7 GPa. It is independent of the plastic strain before PT and compression-shear path. The theoretically predicted plastic strain-controlled kinetic equation is verified and quantified. Obtained results open opportunities for developing quantitative high-pressure/stress science, including mechanochemistry, synthesis of new nanostructured materials, geophysics, astrogeology, and tribology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery I Levitas
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Ames National Laboratory, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Achyut Dhar
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - K K Pandey
- High Pressure & Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
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Structural dynamics of basaltic melt at mantle conditions with implications for magma oceans and superplumes. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4815. [PMID: 32968073 PMCID: PMC7511909 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18660-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Transport properties like diffusivity and viscosity of melts dictated the evolution of the Earth’s early magma oceans. We report the structure, density, diffusivity, electrical conductivity and viscosity of a model basaltic (Ca11Mg7Al8Si22O74) melt from first-principles molecular dynamics calculations at temperatures of 2200 K (0 to 82 GPa) and 3000 K (40–70 GPa). A key finding is that, although the density and coordination numbers around Si and Al increase with pressure, the Si–O and Al–O bonds become more ionic and weaker. The temporal atomic interactions at high pressure are fluxional and fragile, making the atoms more mobile and reversing the trend in transport properties at pressures near 50 GPa. The reversed melt viscosity under lower mantle conditions allows new constraints on the timescales of the early Earth’s magma oceans and also provides the first tantalizing explanation for the horizontal deflections of superplumes at ~1000 km below the Earth’s surface. Transport properties of melts in the deep Earth have dictated the evolution of the early Earth’s magma oceans and also govern many modern dynamic processes, such as plate tectonics. Here, the authors find there is a reversal in the trends of transport properties of basaltic melts at pressures near 50 GPa, with implications for the timescales of early Earth’s magma oceans.
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Levitas VI. High pressure phase transformations revisited. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:163001. [PMID: 29512511 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aab4b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
High pressure phase transformations play an important role in the search for new materials and material synthesis, as well as in geophysics. However, they are poorly characterized, and phase transformation pressure and pressure hysteresis vary drastically in experiments of different researchers, with different pressure transmitting media, and with different material suppliers. Here we review the current state, challenges in studying phase transformations under high pressure, and the possible ways in overcoming the challenges. This field is critically compared with fields of phase transformations under normal pressure in steels and shape memory alloys, as well as plastic deformation of materials. The main reason for the above mentioned discrepancy is the lack of understanding that there is a fundamental difference between pressure-induced transformations under hydrostatic conditions, stress-induced transformations under nonhydrostatic conditions below yield, and strain-induced transformations during plastic flow. Each of these types of transformations has different mechanisms and requires a completely different thermodynamic and kinetic description and experimental characterization. In comparison with other fields the following challenges are indicated for high pressure phase transformation: (a) initial and evolving microstructure is not included in characterization of transformations; (b) continuum theory is poorly developed; (c) heterogeneous stress and strain fields in experiments are not determined, which leads to confusing material transformational properties with a system behavior. Some ways to advance the field of high pressure phase transformations are suggested. The key points are: (a) to take into account plastic deformations and microstructure evolution during transformations; (b) to formulate phase transformation criteria and kinetic equations in terms of stress and plastic strain tensors (instead of pressure alone); (c) to develop multiscale continuum theories, and (d) to couple experimental, theoretical, and computational studies of the behavior of a tested sample to extract information about fields of stress and strain tensors and concentration of high pressure phase, transformation criteria and kinetics. The ideal characterization should contain complete information which is required for simulation of the same experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery I Levitas
- Departments of Aerospace Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Material Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America. Ames Laboratory, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames, IA, United States of America
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Petitgirard S, Malfait WJ, Journaux B, Collings IE, Jennings ES, Blanchard I, Kantor I, Kurnosov A, Cotte M, Dane T, Burghammer M, Rubie DC. SiO_{2} Glass Density to Lower-Mantle Pressures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:215701. [PMID: 29219420 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.215701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The convection or settling of matter in the deep Earth's interior is mostly constrained by density variations between the different reservoirs. Knowledge of the density contrast between solid and molten silicates is thus of prime importance to understand and model the dynamic behavior of the past and present Earth. SiO_{2} is the main constituent of Earth's mantle and is the reference model system for the behavior of silicate melts at high pressure. Here, we apply our recently developed x-ray absorption technique to the density of SiO_{2} glass up to 110 GPa, doubling the pressure range for such measurements. Our density data validate recent molecular dynamics simulations and are in good agreement with previous experimental studies conducted at lower pressure. Silica glass rapidly densifies up to 40 GPa, but the density trend then flattens to become asymptotic to the density of SiO_{2} minerals above 60 GPa. The density data present two discontinuities at ∼17 and ∼60 GPa that can be related to a silicon coordination increase from 4 to a mixed 5/6 coordination and from 5/6 to sixfold, respectively. SiO_{2} glass becomes denser than MgSiO_{3} glass at ∼40 GPa, and its density becomes identical to that of MgSiO_{3} glass above 80 GPa. Our results on SiO_{2} glass may suggest that a variation of SiO_{2} content in a basaltic or pyrolitic melt with pressure has at most a minor effect on the final melt density, and iron partitioning between the melts and residual solids is the predominant factor that controls melt buoyancy in the lowermost mantle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wim J Malfait
- Laboratory for Building Energy Materials and Components, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Journaux
- Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement-UMR 5001, Université Grenoble Alpes CS 40700, 38 058 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Ines E Collings
- Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - Eleanor S Jennings
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
| | - Ingrid Blanchard
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Kurnosov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
| | - Marine Cotte
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8220, Laboratoire d'archéologie moléculaire et structurale (LAMS), 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Dane
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - Manfred Burghammer
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - David C Rubie
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
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Sahle CJ, Rosa AD, Rossi M, Cerantola V, Spiekermann G, Petitgirard S, Jacobs J, Huotari S, Moretti Sala M, Mirone A. Direct tomography imaging for inelastic X-ray scattering experiments at high pressure. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2017; 24:269-275. [PMID: 28009566 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516017100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A method to separate the non-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering signal of a micro-metric sample contained inside a diamond anvil cell (DAC) from the signal originating from the high-pressure sample environment is described. Especially for high-pressure experiments, the parasitic signal originating from the diamond anvils, the gasket and/or the pressure medium can easily obscure the sample signal or even render the experiment impossible. Another severe complication for high-pressure non-resonant inelastic X-ray measurements, such as X-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy, can be the proximity of the desired sample edge energy to an absorption edge energy of elements constituting the DAC. It is shown that recording the scattered signal in a spatially resolved manner allows these problems to be overcome by separating the sample signal from the spurious scattering of the DAC without constraints on the solid angle of detection. Furthermore, simple machine learning algorithms facilitate finding the corresponding detector pixels that record the sample signal. The outlined experimental technique and data analysis approach are demonstrated by presenting spectra of the Si L2,3-edge and O K-edge of compressed α-quartz. The spectra are of unprecedented quality and both the O K-edge and the Si L2,3-edge clearly show the existence of a pressure-induced phase transition between 10 and 24 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch J Sahle
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A D Rosa
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M Rossi
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - V Cerantola
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - G Spiekermann
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - S Petitgirard
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - J Jacobs
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - S Huotari
- Department of Physics, POB 64, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Moretti Sala
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A Mirone
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
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7
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Mantisi B, Kermouche G, Barthel E, Tanguy A. Impact of pressure on plastic yield in amorphous solids with open structure. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:033001. [PMID: 27078435 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.033001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Plasticity in amorphous silica is unusual: The yield stress decreases with hydrostatic pressure, in contrast to the Mohr-Coulomb response commonly found in more compact materials such as bulk metallic glasses. To better understand this response, we have carried out molecular dynamics simulations of plastic response in a model glass with open structure. The simulations reproduce the anomalous dependence of yield stress with pressure and also correctly predict that the plastic response turns to normal once the material has been fully compacted. We also show that the overall shape of the yield surface is consistent with a quadratic behavior predicted assuming local buckling of the structure, a point of view that fits well into the present understanding of the deformation mechanisms of amorphous silica. The results also confirm that free volume is an adequate internal variable for a continuum scale description of the plastic response of amorphous silica. Finally, we also investigate the long-range correlations between rearrangement events. We find that strong intermittency is observed when the structure remains open, while compaction results in more homogeneous rearrangements. These findings are in agreement with recent results on the effect of compression on the middle range order in silicate glasses and also suggest that the well-known volume recovery of densified silica at relatively low temperatures is in fact a form of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mantisi
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, Paris Sorbonne Universités UPMC, BP 121, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - G Kermouche
- Materials Sciences and Structures Division, Ecole des Mines de Saint-Etienne, LGF UMR No. 5307, CNRS, 158 Cours Fauriel, 42023 Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France
| | - E Barthel
- École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris ParisTech, PSL Research University, Sciences et Ingénierie de la matière Molle, CNRS UMR No. 7615, 10 Rue Vauquelin, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France and Sorbonne-Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, SIMM, 10 Rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - A Tanguy
- Université de Lyon, LaMCoS, INSA-Lyon, CNRS UMR5259, F-69621, France
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8
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Brittle to ductile transition in densified silica glass. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5035. [PMID: 24849328 PMCID: PMC4030258 DOI: 10.1038/srep05035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Current understanding of the brittleness of glass is limited by our poor understanding and control over the microscopic structure. In this study, we used a pressure quenching route to tune the structure of silica glass in a controllable manner, and observed a systematic increase in ductility in samples quenched under increasingly higher pressure. The brittle to ductile transition in densified silica glass can be attributed to the critical role of 5-fold Si coordination defects (bonded to 5 O neighbors) in facilitating shear deformation and in dissipating energy by converting back to the 4-fold coordination state during deformation. As an archetypal glass former and one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's crest, a fundamental understanding of the microscopic structure underpinning the ductility of silica glass will not only pave the way toward rational design of strong glasses, but also advance our knowledge of the geological processes in the Earth's interior.
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9
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Characterization of Sample Environment in a Uniaxial Split-Sphere Apparatus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm067p0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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10
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Izvekov S, Rice BM. Mechanism of densification in silica glass under pressure as revealed by a bottom-up pairwise effective interaction model. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:134508. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3696865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Sato T, Funamori N. Sixfold-coordinated amorphous polymorph of SiO2 under high pressure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:255502. [PMID: 19113723 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.255502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have developed synchrotron x-ray absorption and diffraction techniques for measuring the density and structure of noncrystalline materials at high pressures and have applied them to studying the behavior of SiO2 glass. The density, coordination number, and Si-O bond length at a pressure of 50 GPa were measured to be 4.63 g/cm;{3}, 6.3, and 1.71 A, respectively. Based on the density data measured in this study and the sound velocity data available in the literature, the bulk modulus at 50 GPa was estimated to be 390 GPa, which is consistent with the pressure dependence of the density in the vicinity of 50 GPa. These results, together with the knowledge from our exploratory study, suggest that SiO2 glass behaves as a single amorphous polymorph having a sixfold-coordinated structure at pressures above 40-45 GPa up to at least 100 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Sato
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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12
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Sato T, Funamori N. High-pressure in situ density measurement of low-Z noncrystalline materials with a diamond-anvil cell by an x-ray absorption method. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:073906. [PMID: 18681715 DOI: 10.1063/1.2953093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have developed techniques for high-pressure in situ density measurement of low-Z noncrystalline materials with a diamond-anvil cell (DAC) by an x-ray absorption method. In DAC experiments, accurate determination of the sample thickness is difficult. Moreover, since the sample in a DAC is thin and the interaction between low-Z materials and x rays is small, not the sample but the anvils absorb most of x rays. This makes the measurement quite difficult. We have overcome such difficulties and have successfully measured the density of SiO2 glass, a low-Z noncrystalline material, as a function of pressure up to 35 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Sato
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Jing Q, Bi Y, Wu Q, Jing F, Wang Z, Xu J, Jiang S. Yield strength of molybdenum at high pressures. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2007; 78:073906. [PMID: 17672772 DOI: 10.1063/1.2758549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In the diamond anvil cell technology, the pressure gradient approach is one of the three major methods in determining the yield strength for various materials at high pressures. In the present work, by in situ measuring the thickness of the sample foil, we have improved the traditional technique in this method. Based on this modification, the yield strength of molybdenum at pressures has been measured. Our main experimental conclusions are as follows: (1) The measured yield strength data for three samples with different initial thickness (100, 250, and 500 microm) are in good agreement above a peak pressure of 10 GPa. (2) The measured yield strength can be fitted into a linear formula Y=0.48(+/-0.19)+0.14(+/-0.01)P (Y and P denote the yield strength and local pressure, respectively, both of them are in gigapascals) in the local pressure range of 8-21 GPa. This result is in good agreement with both Y=0.46+0.13P determined in the pressure range of 5-24 GPa measured by the radial x-ray diffraction technique and the previous shock wave data below 10 GPa. (3) The zero-pressure yield strength of Mo is 0.5 GPa when we extrapolate our experimental data into the ambient pressure. It is close to the tensile strength of 0.7 GPa determined by Bridgman [Phys. Rev. 48, 825 (1934)] previously. The modified method described in this article therefore provides the confidence in determination of the yield strength at high pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumin Jing
- Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Southwest Institute of Fluid Physics, P.O. Box 919-102, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People's Republic of China
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14
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Mao HK, Badro J, Shu J, Hemley RJ, Singh AK. Strength, anisotropy, and preferred orientation of solid argon at high pressures. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2006; 18:S963-S968. [PMID: 22611105 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/18/25/s04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The elasticity and plasticity of materials at high pressure are of great importance for the fundamental insight they provide on bonding properties in dense matter and for applications ranging from geophysics to materials technology. We studied pressure-solidified argon with a boron-epoxy-beryllium composite gasket in a diamond anvil cell (DAC). Employing monochromatic synchrotron x-radiation and imaging plates in a radial diffraction geometry (Singh et al 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 2157; Mao et al 1998 Nature 396 741), we observed low strength in solid argon below 20 GPa, but the strength increases drastically with applied pressure, such that at 55 GPa, the shear strength exceeded 2.7 GPa. The elastic anisotropy at 55 GPa was four times higher than the extrapolated value from 30 GPa. Extensive (111) slip develops under uniaxial compression, as manifested by the preferred crystallographic orientation of (220) in the compression direction. These macroscopic properties reflect basic changes in van der Waals bondings under ultrahigh pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Kwang Mao
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA
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15
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Tkachev SN, Manghnani MH, Williams Q. In situ Brillouin spectroscopy of a pressure-induced apparent second-order transition in a silicate glass. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:057402. [PMID: 16090919 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.057402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Brillouin scattering measurements of a silicate glass, carried out at high pressures in the diamond anvil cell, show a dramatic increase in the pressure dependence of longitudinal velocity, and a discontinuity in the compressibility of the glass at about 6 GPa. While a first-order phase transition has been documented under pressure within amorphous ice, we demonstrate that an apparent second-order transition to a new, structurally distinct amorphous phase can occur via the abrupt onset of a new compressional mechanism, which may be triggered by a shift in polymerization of the glass or an onset of a change in coordination of silicon, within pressurized amorphous silicates.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Tkachev
- School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
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16
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Funamori N. Exploratory studies of silicate melt structure at high pressures and temperatures by in situ X-ray diffraction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jb002650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Shieh SR, Duffy TS, Li B. Strength and elasticity of SiO2 across the stishovite-CaCl2-type structural phase boundary. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 89:255507. [PMID: 12484900 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.255507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Radial x-ray diffraction experiments were conducted under nonhydrostatic compression on SiO2 to 60 GPa in a diamond anvil cell. This ratio of differential stress to shear modulus t/G is 0.019(3)-0.037(5) at P=15-60 GPa. The ratio for octahedrally coordinated stishovite is lower by a factor of about 2 than observed in four-coordinated silicates. Using a theoretical model for the shear modulus, the differential stress of stishovite is found to be 4.5(1.5) GPa below 40 GPa and to decrease sharply as the stishovite-CaCl2-type phase transition boundary is approached. Inversion of measured lattice strains provides direct experimental evidence for softening of C11-C12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Shieh
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, New Jersey 08544, USA
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18
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Zha C, Hemley RJ, Mao H, Duffy TS, Meade C. Acoustic velocities and refractive index of SiO2 glass to 57.5 GPa by Brillouin scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:13105-13112. [PMID: 9975497 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Meade C, Hemley RJ, Mao HK. High-pressure x-ray diffraction of SiO2 glass. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 69:1387-1390. [PMID: 10047204 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Rustad JR, Yuen DA, Spera FJ. Molecular dynamics of amorphous silica at very high pressures (135 GPa): Thermodynamics and extraction of structures through analysis of Voronoi polyhedra. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:2108-2121. [PMID: 9999759 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.2108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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The strength of mantle silicates at high pressures and room temperature: implications for the viscosity of the mantle. Nature 1990. [DOI: 10.1038/348533a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
A glass exhibiting structural memory has been produced through the compression of a single crystal of AlPO(4) berlinite to 18 gigapascals at 300 kelvin. The unique and extraordinary characteristic of this glass is that upon decompression below 5 gigapascals it transforms back into a single crystal with the same orientation as the starting crystal. This glass has a "memory" of the previous crystallographic orientation of the crystal from which it forms.
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Meade C, Jeanloz R. Yield strength of Al2O3 at high pressures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 42:2532-2535. [PMID: 9995704 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.42.2532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Godwal BK, Meade C, Jeanloz R, Garcia A, Liu AY, Cohen ML. Ultrahigh-Pressure Melting of Lead: A Multidisciplinary Study. Science 1990; 248:462-5. [PMID: 17815595 DOI: 10.1126/science.248.4954.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Measurements of the melting temperature of lead, carried out to pressures of 1 megabar (10(11) pascal) and temperatures near 4000 kelvin by means of a laser-heated diamond cell, are in excellent agreement with the results of previous shock-wave experiments. The data are analyzed by means of first principles quantum mechanical calculations, and the agreement documents the reliability of current experimental and theoretical techniques for studies of melting at ultrahigh pressures. These studies have potentially wide-ranging applications, from planetary science to condensed matter physics.
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Acoustic emissions and shear instabilities during phase transformations in Si and Ge at ultrahigh pressures. Nature 1989. [DOI: 10.1038/339616a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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