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Yang X, Xie L, Yin Y, Yang C, Xiao J, Wu H, Wang C, Tian Y, Feng H. Black carp A20 inhibits interferon signaling through de-ubiquitinating IKKβ. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 152:109781. [PMID: 39029718 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
IkappaB kinase beta (IKKβ) is a key member of IκB kinases and functions importantly in interferon (IFN) signaling. Phosphorylation and ubiquitination are involved in the activation of IKKβ. A20 is a de-ubiquitin enzyme and functions as a suppressor in inflammation signaling, which has been reported to be phosphorylated and activated by IKKβ. However, the role and relationship of IKKβ and A20 in teleost remains unclear. In this study, IKKβ (bcIKKβ) and A20 (bcA20) of black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) have been cloned and characterized. Overexpressed bcIKKβ in EPC cells showed strong anti-viral ability by activating both NF-κB and IFN signaling. EPC cells stable expressing bcIKKβ presented improved anti-viral activity as well. The interaction between bcA20 and bcIKKβ was identified, and overexpression of bcA20 was able to suppress bcIKKβ-mediated activation of NF-κB and IFN signaling. Meanwhile, knock-down of A20 increased host the antiviral ability of host cells. Importantly, it has been identified that bcA20 was able to remove K27-linked ubiquitination and decrease the phosphorylation of bcIKKβ. Thus, our data conclude that bcA20 suppresses the anti-viral activity of bcIKKβ and removes its K27-linked ubiquitination, which presents a new mechanism of IKKβ regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Lixia Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yuqi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Can Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Hui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Chanyuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China.
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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Griffiths CD, Shah M, Shao W, Borgman CA, Janes KA. Three Modes of Viral Adaption by the Heart. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.28.587274. [PMID: 38585853 PMCID: PMC10996681 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.28.587274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Viruses elicit long-term adaptive responses in the tissues they infect. Understanding viral adaptions in humans is difficult in organs such as the heart, where primary infected material is not routinely collected. In search of asymptomatic infections with accompanying host adaptions, we mined for cardio-pathogenic viruses in the unaligned reads of nearly one thousand human hearts profiled by RNA sequencing. Among virus-positive cases (~20%), we identified three robust adaptions in the host transcriptome related to inflammatory NFκB signaling and post-transcriptional regulation by the p38-MK2 pathway. The adaptions are not determined by the infecting virus, and they recur in infections of human or animal hearts and cultured cardiomyocytes. Adaptions switch states when NFκB or p38-MK2 are perturbed in cells engineered for chronic infection by the cardio-pathogenic virus, coxsackievirus B3. Stratifying viral responses into reversible adaptions adds a targetable systems-level simplification for infections of the heart and perhaps other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron D. Griffiths
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Millie Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - William Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Cheryl A. Borgman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kevin A. Janes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Oliva S, Diomede F, Della Rocca Y, Mazzone A, Marconi GD, Pizzicannella J, Trubiani O, Murmura G. Anti-TLR4 biological response to titanium nitride-coated dental implants: anti-inflammatory response and extracellular matrix synthesis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1266799. [PMID: 38116198 PMCID: PMC10728300 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1266799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteointegration is a key process during dental implant placement and is related to titanium surface topography. Implant coating and surface modification methods ameliorate the bone production and the osteogenic process. The current work aimed at evaluating the biological outcomes of two different surfaces of dental implants, machined and titanium nitride (TiN) coated, at an inflammation level using an in vitro model of human periodontal ligament stem cells. The TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB p65/NLRP3 pathway induced by the Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide was studied by means of gene- and protein-level expression. Moreover, the expression of vimentin, vinculin, and fibronectin was evaluated to investigate their effects on the cell adhesion and extracellular matrix deposition. The results of the present study suggest that TiN-coated titanium disks may modulate inflammation by the suppression of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB p65/NLRP3 pathway and accelerate extracellular matrix apposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Oliva
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ylenia Della Rocca
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonella Mazzone
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Guya Diletta Marconi
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Jacopo Pizzicannella
- Department of Engineering and Geology, University “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Pescara, Italy
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovanna Murmura
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Greco M, Mirabelli M, Salatino A, Accattato F, Aiello V, Brunetti FS, Chiefari E, Pullano SA, Fiorillo AS, Foti DP, Brunetti A. From Euglycemia to Recent Onset of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Proof-of-Concept Study on Circulating microRNA Profiling Reveals Distinct, and Early microRNA Signatures. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2443. [PMID: 37510186 PMCID: PMC10377827 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13142443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim-Alterations in circulating microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns are thought to be involved in the early stages of prediabetes, as well as in the progression to overt type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and its vascular complications. However, most research findings are conflicting, in part due to differences in miRNA extraction and normalization methods, and in part due to differences in the study populations and their selection. This cross-sectional study seeks to find new potentially useful biomarkers to predict and/or diagnose T2D by investigating the differential expression patterns of circulating miRNAs in the serum of patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and new-onset T2D, with respect to euglycemic controls, using a high-throughput 384-well array and real-time PCR. Methods-Thirty subjects, aged 45-65 years, classified into three matched groups (of 10 participants each) according to their glycometabolic status, namely (1) healthy euglycemic controls, (2) patients with IFG and (3) patients with new-onset, uncomplicated T2D (<2 years since diagnosis) were enrolled. Circulating miRNAs were extracted from blood serum and profiled through real-time PCR on a commercial 384 well-array, containing spotted forward primers for 372 miRNAs. Data analysis was performed by using the online data analysis software GeneGlobe and normalized by the global Ct mean method. Results-Of the 372 analyzed miRNAs, 33 showed a considerably different expression in IFG and new-onset T2D compared to healthy euglycemic controls, with 2 of them down-regulated and 31 up-regulated. Stringent analysis conditions, using a differential fold regulation threshold ≥ 10, revealed that nine miRNAs (hsa-miR-3610, hsa-miR-3200-5p, hsa-miR-4651, hsa-miR-3135b, hsa-miR-1281, hsa-miR-4301, hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-523-5p and hsa-let-7a-5p) showed a specific increase in new-onset T2D patients compared to IFG patients, suggesting their possible role as early biomarkers of progression from prediabetes to T2D. Moreover, by conventional fold regulation thresholds of ±2, hsa-miR-146a-5p was down-regulated and miR-1225-3p up-regulated in new-onset T2D patients only. Whereas hsa-miR-146a-5p has a well-known role in glucose metabolism, insulin resistance and T2D complications, no association between hsa-miR-1225-3p and T2D has been previously reported. Bioinformatic and computational analysis predict a role of hsa-miR-1225-3p in the pathogenesis of T2D through the interaction with MAP3K1 and HMGA1. Conclusions-The outcomes of this study could aid in the identification and characterization of circulating miRNAs as potential novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis of T2D and may serve as a proof-of-concept for future mechanistic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Greco
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Mirabelli
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Salatino
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Accattato
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Aiello
- Department of Precision Medicine, Vanvitelli University, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco S Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eusebio Chiefari
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Salvatore A Pullano
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonino S Fiorillo
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela P Foti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Iacobazzi D, Convertini P, Todisco S, Santarsiero A, Iacobazzi V, Infantino V. New Insights into NF-κB Signaling in Innate Immunity: Focus on Immunometabolic Crosstalks. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:776. [PMID: 37372061 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a family of transcription factors that, beyond their numberless functions in various cell processes, play a pivotal role in regulating immune cell activation. Two main pathways-canonical and non-canonical-are responsible for NF-κB activation and heterodimer translocation into the nucleus. A complex crosstalk between NF-κB signaling and metabolism is emerging in innate immunity. Metabolic enzymes and metabolites regulate NF-κB activity in many cases through post-translational modifications such as acetylation and phosphorylation. On the other hand, NF-κB affects immunometabolic pathways, including the citrate pathway, thereby building an intricate network. In this review, the emerging findings about NF-κB function in innate immunity and the interplay between NF-κB and immunometabolism have been discussed. These outcomes allow for a deeper comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying NF-κB function in innate immune cells. Moreover, the new insights are important in order to perceive NF-κB signaling as a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory/immune chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominga Iacobazzi
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Paolo Convertini
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Simona Todisco
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Anna Santarsiero
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Vito Iacobazzi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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6
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Fan W, Fu D, Zhang L, Xiao Z, Shen X, Chen J, Qi X. Enoxaparin sodium bone cement plays an anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory role by inducing the polarization of M2 macrophages. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:380. [PMID: 37221568 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03865-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The implantation of PMMA bone cement results in an immune response and the release of PMMA bone cement particles causes an inflammatory cascade. Our study discovered that ES-PMMA bone cement can induce M2 polarization of macrophages, which has an anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory effect. We also delved into the molecular mechanisms that underlie this process. METHODS In this study, we designed and prepared samples of bone cement. These included PMMA bone cement samples and ES-PMMA bone cement samples, which were implanted into the back muscles of rats. At 3, 7, and 14 days after the operation, we removed the bone cement and a small amount of surrounding tissue. We then performed immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence to observe the polarization of macrophages and the expression of related inflammatory factors in the surrounding tissues. The RAW264.7 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h to establish the macrophage inflammation model. Then, each group was treated with enoxaparin sodium medium, PMMA bone cement extract medium, and ES-PMMA bone cement extract medium, respectively, and cultured for another 24 h. We collected cells from each group and used flow cytometry to detect the expressions of CD86 and CD206 in macrophages. Additionally, we performed RT-qPCR to determine the mRNA levels of three markers of M1 macrophages (TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS) and two M2 macrophage markers (Arg-1, IL-10). Furthermore, we analyzed the expression of TLR4, p-NF-κB p65, and NF-κB p65 through Western blotting. RESULTS The immunofluorescence results indicate that the ES-PMMA group exhibited an upregulation of CD206, an M2 marker, and a downregulation of CD86, an M1 marker, in comparison to the PMMA group. Additionally, the immunohistochemistry results revealed that the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α expression were lower in the ES-PMMA group than in the PMMA group, while the expression level of IL-10 was higher in the ES-PMMA group. Flow cytometry and RT-qPCR analyses revealed that the expression of M1-type macrophage marker CD86 was significantly elevated in the LPS group compared to the NC group. Additionally, M1-type macrophage-related cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS were also found to be increased. However, in the LPS + ES group, the expression levels of CD86, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS were decreased, while the expression of M2-type macrophage markers CD206 and M2-type macrophage-related cytokines (IL-10, Arg-1) were increased compared to the LPS group. In comparison to the LPS + PMMA group, the LPS + ES-PMMA group demonstrated a down-regulation of CD86, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS expression levels, while increasing the expression levels of CD206, IL-10, and Arg-1. Western blotting results revealed a significant decrease in TLR4/GAPDH and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 in the LPS + ES group when compared to the LPS group. Additionally, the LPS + ES-PMMA group exhibited a decrease in TLR4/GAPDH and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 levels when compared to the LPS + PMMA group. CONCLUSION ES-PMMA bone cement is more effective than PMMA bone cement in down-regulating the expression of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, it induces macrophages to polarize towards the M2 phenotype, making it a crucial player in anti-inflammatory immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehao Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihang Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangbei Qi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, People's Republic of China.
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Abdullah MAF, McWhirter SM, Suo Z. Modulation of Kinase Activities In Vitro by Hepatitis C Virus Protease NS3/NS4A Mediated-Cleavage of Key Immune Modulator Kinases. Cells 2023; 12:406. [PMID: 36766748 PMCID: PMC9913602 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C Virus NS3/NS4A, a serine protease complex, has been found to interact with many host proteins and cause various adverse effects on cellular function and immune response. For example, the cleavage of important immune factors by NS3/NS4A has been suggested as a mechanism for the hepatitis C virus to evade innate immunity. The spectrum of susceptible substrates for NS3/NS4A cleavage certainly includes important immune modulator kinases such as IKKα, IKKβ, IKKε, and TBK1, as demonstrated in this paper. We show that the kinase activities of these four host kinases were transformed in unexpected ways by NS3/NS4A. Treatment with NS3/NS4A caused a significant reduction in the kinase activities of both IKKα and IKKβ, suggesting that HCV might use its NS3/NS4A protease activity to deactivate the NF-κB-associated innate immune responses. In contrast, the kinase activities of both IKKε and TBK1 were enhanced after NS3/NS4A treatment, and more strikingly, the enhancement was more than 10-fold within 20 min of treatment. Our mass spectroscopic results suggested that the cleavage after Cys89 in the kinase domain of IKKε by NS3/NS4A led to their higher kinase activities, and three potential mechanisms were discussed. The observed kinase activity enhancement might facilitate the activation of both IKKε- and TBK1-dependent cellular antiviral pathways, likely contributing to spontaneous clearance of the virus and observed acute HCV infection. After longer than 20 min cleavage, both IKKε- and TBK1 gradually lost their kinase activities and the relevant antiviral pathways were expected to be inactivated, facilitating the establishment of chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah M. McWhirter
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Zucai Suo
- Department of Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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8
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Pasqualucci L, Klein U. NF-κB Mutations in Germinal Center B-Cell Lymphomas: Relation to NF-κB Function in Normal B Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2450. [PMID: 36289712 PMCID: PMC9599362 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most B cell lymphomas arise from the oncogenic transformation of B cells that have undergone the germinal center (GC) reaction of the T cell-dependent immune response, where high-affinity memory B cells and plasma cells are generated. The high proliferation of GC B cells coupled with occasional errors in the DNA-modifying processes of somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination put the cell at a risk to obtain transforming genetic aberrations, which may activate proto-oncogenes or inactivate tumour suppressor genes. Several subtypes of GC lymphomas harbor genetic mutations leading to constitutive, aberrant activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In normal B cells, NF-κB has crucial biological roles in development and physiology. GC lymphomas highjack these activities to promote tumour-cell growth and survival. It has become increasingly clear that the separate canonical and non-canonical routes of the NF-κB pathway and the five downstream NF-κB transcription factors have distinct functions in the successive stages of GC B-cell development. These findings may have direct implications for understanding how aberrant NF-κB activation promotes the genesis of various GC lymphomas corresponding to the developmentally distinct GC B-cell subsets. The knowledge arising from these studies may be explored for the development of precision medicine approaches aimed at more effective treatments of the corresponding tumours with specific NF-κB inhibitors, thus reducing systemic toxicity. We here provide an overview on the patterns of genetic NF-κB mutations encountered in the various GC lymphomas and discuss the consequences of aberrant NF-κB activation in those malignancies as related to the biology of NF-κB in their putative normal cellular counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pasqualucci
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, The Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ulf Klein
- Division of Haematology & Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James’s, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
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9
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Nishitsuji H, Iwahori S, Ohmori M, Shimotohno K, Murata T. Ubiquitination of SARS-CoV-2 NSP6 and ORF7a Facilitates NF-κB Activation. mBio 2022; 13:e0097122. [PMID: 35856559 PMCID: PMC9426613 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00971-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 tend to have high levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which eventually lead to cytokine storm and the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms of proinflammatory cytokine production remain unknown. Here, we screened severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genes and found that nonstructural protein 6 (NSP6) and open reading frame 7a (ORF7a) activated the NF-κB pathway. NSP6 and ORF7a interacted with transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), and knockout (KO) of TAK1 or NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) abolished NF-κB activation by NSP6 and ORF7a. Interestingly, K61 of NSP6 was conjugated to K63-linked polyubiquitin chains by the E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif-containing 13, and this polyubiquitination of NSP6 appeared crucial for recruitment of NEMO to the NSP6-TAK1 complex and NF-κB activation. On the other hand, ring finger protein 121 (RNF121) was required for the polyubiquitination of ORF7a. Knockdown of RNF121 significantly decreased ORF7a binding of TAK1 and NEMO, resulting in the suppression of NF-κB activation. Taken together, our results provide novel molecular insights into the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. IMPORTANCE The detailed molecular basis of the induction of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines by SARS-CoV-2 is unclear, although such induction is clearly related to the severity of COVID-19. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 NSP6 and ORF7a lead to NF-κB activation through associations with TAK1. K63-linked polyubiquitination of NSP6 and ORF7a by TRIM13 and RNF121, respectively, appears essential for NF-κB activation. These results suggest that inhibition of the NSP6 and ORF7a gene products may reduce the severity of COVID-19 symptoms by decreasing proinflammatory cytokine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Nishitsuji
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoko Iwahori
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mariko Ohmori
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kunitada Shimotohno
- The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murata
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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10
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Tserunyan V, Finley SD. Computational analysis of 4-1BB-induced NFκB signaling suggests improvements to CAR cell design. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:129. [PMID: 36028884 PMCID: PMC9413922 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00937-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing cells are a powerful modality of adoptive cell therapy against cancer. The potency of signaling events initiated upon antigen binding depends on the costimulatory domain within the structure of the CAR. One such costimulatory domain is 4-1BB, which affects cellular response via the NFκB pathway. However, the quantitative aspects of 4-1BB-induced NFκB signaling are not fully understood. METHODS We developed an ordinary differential equation-based mathematical model representing canonical NFκB signaling activated by CD19scFv-4-1BB. After a global sensitivity analysis on model parameters, we ran Monte Carlo simulations of cell population-wide variability in NFκB signaling and quantified the mutual information between the extracellular signal and different levels of the NFκB signal transduction pathway. RESULTS In response to a wide range of antigen concentrations, the magnitude of the transient peak in NFκB nuclear concentration varies significantly, while the timing of this peak is relatively consistent. Global sensitivity analysis showed that the model is robust to variations in parameters, and thus, its quantitative predictions would remain applicable to a broad range of parameter values. The model predicts that overexpressing NEMO and disabling IKKβ deactivation can increase the mutual information between antigen levels and NFκB activation. CONCLUSIONS Our modeling predictions provide actionable insights to guide CAR development. Particularly, we propose specific manipulations to the NFκB signal transduction pathway that can fine-tune the response of CD19scFv-4-1BB cells to the antigen concentrations they are likely to encounter. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vardges Tserunyan
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stacey D Finley
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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11
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Liu X, Quan S, Han Q, Li J, Gao X, Zhang J, Liu D. Effectiveness of the fruit of Rosa odorata sweet var. gigantea (Coll. et Hemsl.) Rehd. et Wils in the protection and the healing of ethanol-induced rat gastric mucosa ulcer based on Nrf2/NF-κB pathway regulation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114626. [PMID: 34517064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rosa odorata Sweet var. gigantea (Coll. et Hemsl.) Rehd. et Wils (Rosaceae), is also known as "GU-GONG-GUO", the root of which has been recognized as common ethnodrug from the Yi nationality for treating inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the preventive and curative effects of extract from the fruits of Rosa odorata Sweet var. gigantea (Coll.et Hemsl.) Rehd. et Wils (FOE) in vitro and in vivo as well as elucidate the potential mechanisms of the action involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were applied to ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model. They were divided into six groups: control, model (GU), positive (Magnesium aluminate chewable tablets, 125 mg/kg), FOE low (125 mg/kg), middle (250 mg/kg) and high (500 mg/kg) doses groups. Histopathology observation of gastric tissues was detected by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The expression of Nrf2, HO-1, Keap1, NF-κB p65 and IKKα/β in gastric tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The levels of cytokines in serum and tissues were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of Nrf2, HO-1, Keap1, NF-κB p65, IKKα/β, PCNA and COX2 proteins were ulteriorly assessed by Western blotting to elucidate the molecular mechanism of FOE's protective effect on gastric ulcer. RESULTS MTT detection showed that LPS reduced RAW264.7 cell survival, and FOE blocked the inhibition of RAW264.7 cell growth induced by LPS. When RAW264.7 cells were treated with both FOE (100 μg mL-1) and LPS (5 μg mL-1) for 24 h, compared with the model group, the level of NO, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and MDA significantly decreased, and the activity of SOD was significantly reduced. Obvious pathological injuries in the GU model group were observed, which was improved after treatments with FOE. The contents of pro-inflammatory factors in serum and tissues were decreased by 25% whereas prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were increased by 30% in a dose-dependent manner after FOE (500 mg/kg) treatments. In addition to the promotion effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD), FOE (500 mg/kg) also attenuated the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) by 20%. Likewise, the expression of NF-κB p65, IKKα/β and Keap1 were suppressed after treatments with FOE whereas Nrf2 and HO-1 showed the opposite trend, which mechanisms were found to be associated with Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathways. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that FOE is able to protect against GU via inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway and activating Nrf2 signaling pathway, which might provide a stronger theoretical basis for the treatment of GU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300380, China
| | - Shuai Quan
- Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300380, China
| | - Qiaqia Han
- Department of Traditional, Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical College, 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jingyang Li
- Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300309, China
| | - Xiaoxia Gao
- Department of Traditional, Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical College, 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jingze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300380, China.
| | - Dailin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300380, China.
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12
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Shen Y, Boulton APR, Yellon RL, Cook MC. Skin manifestations of inborn errors of NF-κB. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1098426. [PMID: 36733767 PMCID: PMC9888762 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1098426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 400 single gene defects have been identified as inborn errors of immunity, including many arising from genes encoding proteins that affect NF-κB activity. We summarise the skin phenotypes in this subset of disorders and provide an overview of pathogenic mechanisms. NF-κB acts cell-intrinsically in basal epithelial cells during differentiation of skin appendages, influences keratinocyte proliferation and survival, and both responses to and amplification of inflammation, particularly TNF. Skin phenotypes include ectodermal dysplasia, reduction and hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, and aberrant recruitment of inflammatory cells, which often occur in combination. Phenotypes conferred by these rare monogenic syndromes often resemble those observed with more common defects. This includes oral and perineal ulceration and pustular skin disease as occurs with Behcet's disease, hyperkeratosis with microabscess formation similar to psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis. Thus, these genotype-phenotype relations provide diagnostic clues for this subset of IEIs, and also provide insights into mechanisms of more common forms of skin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Shen
- Department of Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anne P R Boulton
- Department of Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Robert L Yellon
- Department of Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew C Cook
- Department of Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Centre for Personalised Immunology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.,Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, and Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
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13
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Metformin activates chaperone-mediated autophagy and improves disease pathologies in an Alzheimer disease mouse model. Protein Cell 2021; 12:769-787. [PMID: 34291435 PMCID: PMC8464644 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-021-00858-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a lysosome-dependent selective degradation pathway implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms that regulate CMA are not fully understood. Here, using unbiased drug screening approaches, we discover Metformin, a drug that is commonly the first medication prescribed for type 2 diabetes, can induce CMA. We delineate the mechanism of CMA induction by Metformin to be via activation of TAK1-IKKα/β signaling that leads to phosphorylation of Ser85 of the key mediator of CMA, Hsc70, and its activation. Notably, we find that amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) is a CMA substrate and that it binds to Hsc70 in an IKKα/β-dependent manner. The inhibition of CMA-mediated degradation of APP enhances its cytotoxicity. Importantly, we find that in the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), activation of CMA by Hsc70 overexpression or Metformin potently reduces the accumulated brain Aβ plaque levels and reverses the molecular and behavioral AD phenotypes. Our study elucidates a novel mechanism of CMA regulation via Metformin-TAK1-IKKα/β-Hsc70 signaling and suggests Metformin as a new activator of CMA for diseases, such as AD, where such therapeutic intervention could be beneficial.
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14
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Veluthakal R, Oh E, Ahn M, Chatterjee Bhowmick D, Thurmond DC. Syntaxin 4 Mediates NF-κB Signaling and Chemokine Ligand Expression via Specific Interaction With IκBβ. Diabetes 2021; 70:889-902. [PMID: 33526588 PMCID: PMC7980198 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enrichment of human islets with syntaxin 4 (STX4) improves functional β-cell mass through a nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-dependent mechanism. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the protective effect of STX4 are unknown. For determination of the signaling events linking STX4 enrichment and downregulation of NF-κB activity, STX4 was overexpressed in human islets, EndoC-βH1 and INS-1 832/13 cells in culture, and the cells were challenged with the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ individually and in combination. STX4 expression suppressed cytokine-induced proteasomal degradation of IκBβ but not IκBα. Inhibition of IKKβ prevented IκBβ degradation, suggesting that IKKβ phosphorylates IκBβ. Moreover, the IKKβ inhibitor, as well as a proteosomal degradation inhibitor, prevented the loss of STX4 caused by cytokines. This suggests that STX4 may be phosphorylated by IKKβ in response to cytokines, targeting STX4 for proteosomal degradation. Expression of a stabilized form of STX4 further protected IκBβ from proteasomal degradation, and like wild-type STX4, stabilized STX4 coimmunoprecipitated with IκBβ and the p50-NF-κB. This work proposes a novel pathway wherein STX4 regulates cytokine-induced NF-κB signaling in β-cells via associating with and preventing IκBβ degradation, suppressing chemokine expression, and protecting islet β-cells from cytokine-mediated dysfunction and demise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajakrishnan Veluthakal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA
| | - Eunjin Oh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA
| | - Miwon Ahn
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA
| | - Diti Chatterjee Bhowmick
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA
| | - Debbie C Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA
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15
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An N, Yang J, Wang H, Sun S, Wu H, Li L, Li M. Mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in spinal cord injury repair through macrophage polarization. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:41. [PMID: 33622388 PMCID: PMC7903655 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00554-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment and rehabilitation of spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major problem in clinical medicine. Modern medicine has achieved minimal progress in improving the functions of injured nerves in patients with SCI, mainly due to the complex pathophysiological changes that present after injury. Inflammatory reactions occurring after SCI are related to various functions of immune cells over time at different injury sites. Macrophages are important mediators of inflammatory reactions and are divided into two different subtypes (M1 and M2), which play important roles at different times after SCI. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by multi-differentiation and immunoregulatory potentials, and different treatments can have different effects on macrophage polarization. MSC transplantation has become a promising method for eliminating nerve injury caused by SCI and can help repair injured nerve tissues. Therapeutic effects are related to the induced formation of specific immune microenvironments, caused by influencing macrophage polarization, controlling the consequences of secondary injury after SCI, and assisting with function recovery. Herein, we review the mechanisms whereby MSCs affect macrophage-induced specific immune microenvironments, and discuss potential avenues of investigation for improving SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan An
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaxu Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Hequn Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Shengfeng Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Lisha Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meiying Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Fischer KC, Daunt CP, Tremblay CS, Dias S, Vince JE, Jabbour AM. Deletion of IKK2 in haematopoietic cells of adult mice leads to elevated interleukin-6, neutrophilia and fatal gastrointestinal inflammation. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:28. [PMID: 33414459 PMCID: PMC7791118 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The IκB kinase complex, consisting of IKK1, IKK2 and the regulatory subunit NEMO, is required for NF-κB signalling following the activation of several cell surface receptors, such as members of the Tumour Necrosis Factor Receptor superfamily and the Interleukin-1 Receptor. This is critical for haematopoietic cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and immune responses. To determine the role of IKK in the regulation of haematopoiesis, we used the Rosa26Cre-ERT2 Cre/lox recombination system to achieve targeted, haematopoietic cell-restricted deletion of the genes for IKK1 or IKK2 in vivo. We found that the IKK complex plays a critical role in haematopoietic cell development and function. Deletion of IKK2, but not loss of IKK1, in haematopoietic cells led to an expansion of CD11b/Gr-1-positive myeloid cells (neutrophilia), severe anaemia and thrombocytosis, with reduced numbers of long-term haematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs), short-term haematopoietic stem cells (ST-HSCs) and multipotential progenitor cells (MPPs), increased circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) and severe gastrointestinal inflammation. These findings identify distinct functions for the two IKK catalytic subunits, IKK1 and IKK2, in the haematopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla C. Fischer
- grid.1042.7The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Carmel P. Daunt
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Cédric S. Tremblay
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Sheila Dias
- grid.1042.7The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - James E. Vince
- grid.1042.7The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - Anissa M. Jabbour
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
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17
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Gandhi S, Ravindra K. Toll-Like Receptors in Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy. Indian J Dermatol 2021; 66:223. [PMID: 34188292 PMCID: PMC8208254 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_486_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a family of Type I transmembrane proteins characterized by an extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain and a cytoplasmic domain. TLRs represent a conserved group of receptors which help the immune system to function properly. Different TLRs are associated with an array of skin diseases. TLR agonists and antagonists have great potential for the treatment of allergic and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Gandhi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, GIMS, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India
| | - K Ravindra
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, JJMMC, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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18
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Pereira CPM, Souza ACR, Vasconcelos AR, Prado PS, Name JJ. Antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory mechanisms of action of astaxanthin in cardiovascular diseases (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:37-48. [PMID: 33155666 PMCID: PMC7723678 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of mortality worldwide. Oxidative stress and inflammation are pathophysiological processes involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases; thus, anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant agents that modulate redox balance have become research targets so as to evaluate their molecular mechanisms of action and therapeutic properties. Astaxanthin, a carotenoid of the xanthophyll group, has potent antioxidant properties due to its molecular structure and its arrangement in the plasma membrane, factors that favor the neutralization of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. This carotenoid also has prominent anti‑inflammatory activity, possibly interrelated with its antioxidant effect, and is also involved in the modulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. Considering the potential beneficial effects of astaxanthin on cardiovascular health evidenced by preclinical and clinical studies, the aim of the present review was to describe the molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with the antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory properties of this carotenoid in cardiovascular diseases, particularly atherosclerosis. The beneficial properties and safety profile of astaxanthin indicate that this compound may be used for preventing progression or as an adjuvant in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea Rodrigues Vasconcelos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | - José João Name
- Kilyos Assessoria, Cursos e Palestras, São Paulo, SP 01311-100
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19
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Zhu H, Zheng C. The Race between Host Antiviral Innate Immunity and the Immune Evasion Strategies of Herpes Simplex Virus 1. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2020; 84:e00099-20. [PMID: 32998978 PMCID: PMC7528619 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00099-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is very successful in establishing acute and latent infections in humans by counteracting host antiviral innate immune responses. HSV-1 has evolved various strategies to evade host antiviral innate immunity and some cellular survival-associated pathways. Since there is still no vaccine available for HSV-1, a continuous update of information regarding the interaction between HSV-1 infection and the host antiviral innate immunity will provide novel insights to develop new therapeutic strategies for HSV-1 infection and its associated diseases. Here, we update recent studies about how HSV-1 evades the host antiviral innate immunity, specifically how HSV-1 proteins directly or indirectly target the adaptors in the antiviral innate immunity signaling pathways to downregulate the signal transduction. Additionally, some classical intracellular stress responses, which also play important roles in defense of viral invasion, will be discussed here. With a comprehensive review of evasion mechanisms of antiviral innate immunity by HSV-1, we will be able to develop potential new targets for therapies and a possible vaccine against HSV-1 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Neonatal/Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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20
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Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus nsP3 Phosphorylation Can Be Mediated by IKKβ Kinase Activity and Abrogation of Phosphorylation Inhibits Negative-Strand Synthesis. Viruses 2020; 12:v12091021. [PMID: 32933112 PMCID: PMC7551587 DOI: 10.3390/v12091021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), a mosquito transmitted alphavirus of the Togaviridae family, can cause a highly inflammatory and encephalitic disease upon infection. Although a category B select agent, no FDA-approved vaccines or therapeutics against VEEV currently exist. We previously demonstrated NF-κB activation and macromolecular reorganization of the IKK complex upon VEEV infection in vitro, with IKKβ inhibition reducing viral replication. Mass spectrometry and confocal microscopy revealed an interaction between IKKβ and VEEV non-structural protein 3 (nsP3). Here, using western blotting, a cell-free kinase activity assay, and mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that IKKβ kinase activity can directly phosphorylate VEEV nsP3 at sites 204/5, 142, and 134/5. Alanine substitution mutations at sites 204/5, 142, or 134/5 reduced VEEV replication by >30-100,000-fold corresponding to a severe decrease in negative-strand synthesis. Serial passaging rescued viral replication and negative-strand synthesis, and sequencing of revertant viruses revealed reversion to the wild-type TC-83 phosphorylation capable amino acid sequences at nsP3 sites 204/5, 142, and 135. Generation of phosphomimetic mutants using aspartic acid substitutions at site 204/5 resulted in rescue of both viral replication and negative-strand RNA production, whereas phosphomimetic mutant 134/5 rescued viral replication but failed to restore negative-strand RNA levels, and phosphomimetic mutant 142 did not rescue VEEV replication. Together, these data demonstrate that IKKβ can phosphorylate VEEV nsP3 at sites 204/5, 142, and 134/5, and suggest that phosphorylation is essential for negative-strand RNA synthesis at site 204/5, but may be important for infectious particle production at site 134/5.
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21
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Li LC, Pan ZH, Ning DS, Fu YX. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Simonsinol on Lipopolysaccharide Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells through Inactivation of NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163573. [PMID: 32781605 PMCID: PMC7463804 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simonsinol is a natural sesqui-neolignan firstly isolated from the bark of Illicium simonsii. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity of simonsinol was investigated with a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages RAW264.7 cells model. The results demonstrated that simonsinol could antagonize the effect of LPS on morphological changes of RAW264.7 cells, and decrease the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, as determined by Griess assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, simonsinol could downregulate transcription of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), TNF-α, and IL-6 as measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and inhibit phosphorylation of the alpha inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα) as assayed by Western blot. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that simonsinol could inhibit inflammation response in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells through the inactivation of the nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway.
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22
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Han R, Wang JL, Chen HP, Luo XC, Li AX, Dan XM, Li YW. IκB kinase α-1 and -2 regulate cytokine expression in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 101:291-301. [PMID: 32276035 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
IκB kinase (IKK) is the core regulator of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, which is involved in cellular development and proliferation, as well as the inflammatory response. IKKα is an important subunit of the IKK complex. In this study, two IKKαs (EcIKKα-1 and -2) were characterized in E. coioides. Similar to IKKα of other species, EcIKKα-1 and -2 contained a kinase domain, a leucine zipper, a helix-loop-helix domain and a beta NF-κB essential modulator-binding domain. Sequence alignment indicated that EcIKKα-1 and -2 shared high degrees of sequence identity with IKKs from other species (about 63%-96%). EcIKKα-1 and -2 are widely expressed in all tissues, but have different expression profiles in normal groupers. Additionally, EcIKKα-1 and -2 responded rapidly to Cryptocaryon irritans infection at the local infection site (i.e., gill tissue), but there was no significant change in EcIKKα-2 expression. In GS cells, EcIKKα-1 was uniformly distributed in the cytoplasm, while EcIKKα-2 was observed uniformly both in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Both EcIKKα-1 and -2 were found to activate NF-κB, but the luciferase activity of EcIKKα-2 was twice that of EcIKKα-1. In addition, EcIKKα-1 and -2 can regulate the expression of immune-related cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 [p35 subunit], and TNF-α). These findings should prove helpful to further elucidate the innate immunity function of IKKα in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiu-Le Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hong-Ping Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Luo
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - An-Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xue-Ming Dan
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Yan-Wei Li
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Cheng K, Tang Q, Guo X, Karow NA, Wang C. High dose of dietary vitamin D 3 modulated the yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) splenic innate immune response after Edwardsiella ictaluri infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:41-48. [PMID: 32142874 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD3) has been shown to modulate the innate immune response in mammals but this has been rarely reported in fish. The current study found that increasing dietary VD3 content can reduce the density of yellow to dark brown pigmented macrophage aggregates (PMAs) in the spleens of yellow catfish infected with Edwardsiella ictaluri. The results of next-generation sequencing showed that a high dose of dietary VD3 (16,600 IU/kg) mainly affected the splenic immune response during Edwardsiella ictaluri infection via negative regulation of 'NF-κΒ transcription factor activity', 'NIK/NF-κΒ signaling' and the 'i-kappab kinase/NF-κΒ signaling' pathways. Follow-up qPCR showed that dietary VD3 increased the expression of NF-κΒ inhibitor iκb-α, decreased the expression of nf-κb p65, il-6, il1-β and tnf-α, and down-regulated the expression of nik, ikks and nf-κb p52 in the NIK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway. The above results indicate that dietary VD3 can modulate the splenic innate immune response of yellow catfish after Edwardsiella ictaluri infection by inhibiting the NF-κB activation signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cheng
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qin Tang
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Xun Guo
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Niel A Karow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Lv S, Wang F, Wang K, Fan Y, Xu J, Zheng J, Zeng Y. IκB kinase α: an independent prognostic factor that promotes the migration and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 58:296-303. [PMID: 31859105 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
IκB kinase α (IKKα) is associated with tumourigenesis, metastasis, and poor prognosis. However, its expression and function in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) remain unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinicopathological associations and functions of IKKα in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We made an immunohistochemical analysis of IKKα in 94 tissue microarrays of specimens of oral SCC. We also examined IKKα expression in the patients' samples by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), as well as the migration, invasion, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity of the cells under IKKα knockdown treatment. In oral SCC, immunostaining for IKKα was found in 60 of the 94 patients, and it correlated with lymph node status and poor prognosis. Univariate and multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazards model identified that IKKα expression was an independent predictor of distant- disease-free survival (p<0.05) and overall survival in oral SCC (p<0.05). Knocking down IKKα suppressed cell migration and invasion in oral SCC cells. Our results indicate that IKKα has an important role in promoting oral SCC, and it may be a useful biomarker and therapeutic target for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lv
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - F Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - K Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Y Fan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - J Xu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - J Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Y Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
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Abstract
The innate immune system represents the first defense line of the host following viral infection. The infection triggers the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from the viruses by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of the host cell. The interaction between viral PAMPs and PRRs evokes a sophisticated signal transduction system and eventually promotes the expression of type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. Ubiquitination plays an indispensable role in fine-tuning almost every single step of this signaling cascade given on its versatile functions. Ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs), which cooperatively and accurately regulate the dynamic and reversible ubiquitination process, are the master regulators of antiviral signaling. In this review, we concentrate on summarizing the ubiquitin ligases and DUBs that modulate the central signaling molecules in antiviral innate immunity. Especially, we emphasize the ones that were identified by the immunologists from China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, the School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, the School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Elkamhawy A, Kim NY, Hassan AHE, Park JE, Paik S, Yang JE, Oh KS, Lee BH, Lee MY, Shin KJ, Pae AN, Lee KT, Roh EJ. Thiazolidine-2,4-dione-based irreversible allosteric IKK-β kinase inhibitors: Optimization into in vivo active anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 188:111955. [PMID: 31893550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Selective kinase inhibitors development is a cumbersome task because of ATP binding sites similarities across kinases. On contrast, irreversible allosteric covalent inhibition offers opportunity to develop novel selective kinase inhibitors. Previously, we reported thiazolidine-2,4-dione lead compounds eliciting in vitro irreversible allosteric inhibition of IKK-β. Herein, we address optimization into in vivo active anti-inflammatory agents. We successfully developed potent IKK-β inhibitors with the most potent compound eliciting IC50 = 0.20 μM. Cellular assay of a set of active compounds using bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages elucidated significant in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. In vitro evaluation of microsomal and plasma stabilities showed that the promising compound 7a is more stable than compound 7p. Finally, in vivo evaluation of 7a, which has been conducted in a model of LPS-induced septic shock in mice, showed its ability to protect mice against septic shock induced mortality. Accordingly, this study presents compound 7a as a novel potential irreversible allosteric covalent inhibitor of IKK-β with verified in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elkamhawy
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Nam Youn Kim
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed H E Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Jung-Eun Park
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Paik
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Yang
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Seok Oh
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ho Lee
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Young Lee
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Jung Shin
- Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Roh
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
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Lin Y, Zheng C. A Tug of War: DNA-Sensing Antiviral Innate Immunity and Herpes Simplex Virus Type I Infection. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2627. [PMID: 31849849 PMCID: PMC6901958 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic DNA sensors are the most recently described class of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which induce the production of type I interferons (IFN-I) and trigger the induction of a rapid and efficient innate immune response. Herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1), a typical DNA virus, has displayed the ability to manipulate and evade host antiviral innate immune responses. Therefore, with an aim to highlight IFN-I-mediated innate immune response in a battle against viral infection, we have summarized the current understandings of DNA-sensing signal pathways and the most recent findings on the molecular mechanisms utilized by HSV-1 to counteract antiviral immune responses. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between HSV-1 and host early antiviral immune responses will contribute to the development of novel therapies and vaccines in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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28
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Li H, Chen T, Sun H, Wu X, Jiang X, Ren C. The first cloned echinoderm tumor necrosis factor receptor from Holothuria leucospilota: Molecular characterization and functional analysis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:542-550. [PMID: 31394160 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an echinoderm tumor necrosis factor receptor named HLTNFR-16 was first cloned from the tropical sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota. The full-length cDNA of HLTNFR-16 is 3675 bp in size, containing a 415 bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR), a 2024 bp 3'-UTR and a 1236 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein of 411 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 45.63 kDa. The HLTNFR-16 protein contains a signal peptide, four TNFR domains (the last three were identified as extracellular cysteine-rich domains), a transmembrane region and a death domain. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HLTNFR-16 was clustered into a clade with TNFR-16s in other species, indicating that this echinoderm TNFR may be a new member of the TNFR-16 subfamily. The results of TUNEL assay showed that the over expression of HLTNFR-16 could induce apoptosis in HEK293T cells. When HLTNFR-16 was silenced by siRNA, the apoptosis of sea cucumber coelomocytes induced by inactivated Vibrio harveyi was suppressed significantly, indicating that HLTNFR-16 is important for apoptosis induction. Additionally, luciferase reporter assay exhibited that the over-expressed HLTNFR-16 in HEK293T cells could activate the transcription factors nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). Moreover, the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-18 in HEK293T cells was increased by the over-expression of HLTNFR-16. This study provides evidences for the potential roles of sea cucumber TNFR in the innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Li
- Guangzhou University, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Ting Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB); Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ISEE, CAS, PR China.
| | - Hongyan Sun
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
| | - Xiaofen Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB); Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ISEE, CAS, PR China.
| | - Xiao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB); Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ISEE, CAS, PR China.
| | - Chunhua Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB); Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ISEE, CAS, PR China.
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29
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Elkamhawy A, Youn Kim N, Hassan AHE, Park JE, Yang JE, Elsherbeny MH, Paik S, Oh KS, Lee BH, Lee MY, Shin KJ, Pae AN, Lee KT, Roh EJ. Optimization study towards more potent thiazolidine-2,4-dione IKK-β modulator: Synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico docking simulation. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103261. [PMID: 31542718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of IKK-β (inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta) has been broadly documentedas a promising approach for treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Recently, we have identified a novel class of thiazolidine-2,4-diones as structurally novel modulators for IKK-β. Herein, we report a hit optimization study via analog synthesis strategy aiming to acquire more potent derivative(s), probe the structure activity relationship (SAR), and get reasonable explanations for the elicited IKK-β inhibitory activities though an in silico docking simulation study. Accordingly, a new series of eighteen thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives was rationally designed, synthesized, identified with different spectroscopic techniques and biologically evaluated as noteworthy IKK-β potential modulators. Successfully, new IKK-β potent modulators were obtained, including the most potent analog up-to-date 7m with IC50 value of 260 nM. A detailed structure activity relationship (SAR) was discussed and a mechanistic study for 7m was carried out indicating its irreversible inhibition mode with IKK-β (Kinact value = 0.01 (min-1). Furthermore, the conducted in silico simulation study provided new insights for the binding modes of this novel class of modulators with IKK-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elkamhawy
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Nam Youn Kim
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed H E Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Jung-Eun Park
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Yang
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohamed H Elsherbeny
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Paik
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Seok Oh
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ho Lee
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Young Lee
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Jung Shin
- Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Roh
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
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Marek's Disease Virus RLORF4 Inhibits Type I Interferon Production by Antagonizing NF-κB Activation. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.01037-19. [PMID: 31243133 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01037-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Marek's disease virus (MDV), which causes T cell lymphomas in chickens, is economically important and has contributed to knowledge of herpesvirus-associated oncogenicity. The DNA-sensing pathway induces innate immune responses against DNA virus infection, and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling is critical for the establishment of innate immunity. Here, we report that RLORF4, an MDV-specific protein directly involved in viral attenuation, is an inhibitor of the DNA-sensing pathway. The results showed that ectopically expressed RLORF4 blocked beta interferon (IFN-β) promoter activation induced by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING). RLORF4 selectively inhibited the activation of NF-κB but not IFN-regulatory factor 7. RLORF4 was found to bind the endogenous NF-κB subunits p65 and p50, and it also bound to the Rel homology domains of these subunits. Furthermore, RLORF4 suppressed the nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 mediated by tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon-stimulatory DNA. Finally, deletion of RLORF4 from the MDV genome promoted IFN-β and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production in vitro and in vivo In the absence of RLORF4, the host cellular immunity was significantly increased, and reduced viral titers were observed during infection of chickens. Our results suggest that the RLORF4-mediated suppression of the host antiviral innate immunity might play an important role in MDV pathogenesis.IMPORTANCE Marek's disease virus (MDV) RLORF4 has been shown to be directly involved in the attenuation of MDV upon serial passages in vitro; however, the exact function of this protein during viral infection was not well characterized. This study demonstrated that RLORF4 significantly inhibits cGAS-STING-mediated NF-κB activation by binding to the Rel homology domains of the NF-κB subunits p65 and p50, interrupting their translocation to the nuclei and thereby inhibiting IFN-β production. Furthermore, RLORF4 deficiency promoted the induction of IFN-β and downstream IFN-stimulated genes during MDV infection in chickens. Our results suggest that the contribution of RLORF4 to MDV virulence may stem from its inhibition of viral DNA-triggered IFN-β responses.
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31
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Chen Y, Liu W, Xu H, Liu J, Deng Y, Cheng H, Zhan T, Lu X, Liao T, Guo L, Zhu S, Pei Y, Hu J, Hu Z, Liu X, Wang X, Gu M, Hu S, Liu X. Gga-miR-19b-3p Inhibits Newcastle Disease Virus Replication by Suppressing Inflammatory Response via Targeting RNF11 and ZMYND11. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2006. [PMID: 31507581 PMCID: PMC6718473 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND), an acute and highly contagious avian disease caused by virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV), often results in severe economic losses worldwide every year. Although it is clear that microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in modulating innate immune response to invading microbial pathogens, their role in host defense against NDV infection remains largely unknown. Our prior study indicates that gga-miR-19b-3p is up-regulated in NDV-infected DF-1 cells (a chicken embryo fibroblast cell line) and functions to suppress NDV replication. Here we report that overexpression of gga-miR-19b-3p promoted the production of NDV-induced inflammatory cytokines and suppressed NDV replication, whereas inhibition of endogenous gga-miR-19b-3p expression had an opposite effect. Dual-luciferase and gene expression array analyses revealed that gga-miR-19b-3p directly targets the mRNAs of ring finger protein 11 (RNF11) and zinc-finger protein, MYND-type containing 11 (ZMYND11), two negative regulators of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, in DF-1 cells. RNF11 and ZMYND11 silencing by small interfering RNA (siRNA) induced NF-κB activity and inflammatory cytokine production, and suppressed NDV replication; whereas ectopic expression of these two proteins exhibited an opposite effect. Our study provides evidence that gga-miR-19b-3p activates NF-κB signaling by targeting RNF11 and ZMYND11, and that enhanced inflammatory cytokine production is likely responsible for the suppression of NDV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haixu Xu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yonghuan Deng
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tiansong Zhan
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Lu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tianxing Liao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lili Guo
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuru Pei
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infections Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zenglei Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infections Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Gu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infections Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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32
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Davuluri G, Giusto M, Chandel R, Welch N, Alsabbagh K, Kant S, Kumar A, Kim A, Gangadhariah M, Ghosh PK, Tran U, Krajcik DM, Vasu K, DiDonato AJ, DiDonato JA, Willard B, Monga SP, Wang Y, Fox PL, Stark GR, Wessely O, Esser KA, Dasarathy S. Impaired Ribosomal Biogenesis by Noncanonical Degradation of β-Catenin during Hyperammonemia. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:e00451-18. [PMID: 31138664 PMCID: PMC6664607 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00451-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased ribosomal biogenesis occurs during tissue hypertrophy, but whether ribosomal biogenesis is impaired during atrophy is not known. We show that hyperammonemia, which occurs in diverse chronic disorders, impairs protein synthesis as a result of decreased ribosomal content and translational capacity. Transcriptome analyses, real-time PCR, and immunoblotting showed consistent reductions in the expression of the large and small ribosomal protein subunits (RPL and RPS, respectively) in hyperammonemic murine skeletal myotubes, HEK cells, and skeletal muscle from hyperammonemic rats and human cirrhotics. Decreased ribosomal content was accompanied by decreased expression of cMYC, a positive regulator of ribosomal biogenesis, as well as reduced expression and activity of β-catenin, a transcriptional activator of cMYC. However, unlike the canonical regulation of β-catenin via glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)-dependent degradation, GSK3β expression and phosphorylation were unaltered during hyperammonemia, and depletion of GSK3β did not prevent ammonia-induced degradation of β-catenin. Overexpression of GSK3β-resistant variants, genetic depletion of IκB kinase β (IKKβ) (activated during hyperammonemia), protein interactions, and in vitro kinase assays showed that IKKβ phosphorylated β-catenin directly. Overexpressing β-catenin restored hyperammonemia-induced perturbations in signaling responses that regulate ribosomal biogenesis. Our data show that decreased protein synthesis during hyperammonemia is mediated via a novel GSK3β-independent, IKKβ-dependent impairment of the β-catenin-cMYC axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangarao Davuluri
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Michela Giusto
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Rajeev Chandel
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicole Welch
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Khaled Alsabbagh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sashi Kant
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Adam Kim
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Prabar K Ghosh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Uyen Tran
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel M Krajcik
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kommireddy Vasu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Anthony J DiDonato
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joseph A DiDonato
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Belinda Willard
- Proteomics Research Core Services, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Satdarshan P Monga
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Paul L Fox
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - George R Stark
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Oliver Wessely
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Institute of Myology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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33
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Wu T, Xiang Y, Liu T, Wang X, Ren X, Ye T, Li G. Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Expressing Aphrocallistes vastus Lectin as a Cancer Therapeutic Agent. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17060363. [PMID: 31248066 PMCID: PMC6628141 DOI: 10.3390/md17060363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins display a variety of biological functions including insecticidal, antimicrobial, as well as antitumor activities. In this report, a gene encoding Aphrocallistes vastus lectin (AVL), a C-type lectin, was inserted into an oncolytic vaccinia virus vector (oncoVV) to form a recombinant virus oncoVV-AVL, which showed significant in vitro antiproliferative activity in a variety of cancer cell lines. Further investigations revealed that oncoVV-AVL replicated faster than oncoVV significantly in cancer cells. Intracellular signaling elements including NF-κB2, NIK, as well as ERK were determined to be altered by oncoVV-AVL. Virus replication upregulated by AVL was completely dependent on ERK activity. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that oncoVV-AVL elicited significant antitumor effect in colorectal cancer and liver cancer mouse models. Our study might provide insights into a novel way of the utilization of marine lectin AVL in oncolytic viral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Gongchu Joint Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Yulin Xiang
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Gongchu Joint Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Tingting Liu
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Gongchu Joint Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Xue Wang
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Gongchu Joint Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Ren
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Gongchu Joint Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Ting Ye
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Gongchu Joint Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Gongchu Li
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Gongchu Joint Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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34
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NOD-like receptors: major players (and targets) in the interface between innate immunity and cancer. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181709. [PMID: 30837326 PMCID: PMC6454022 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity comprises several inflammation-related modulatory pathways which receive signals from an array of membrane-bound and cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The NLRs (NACHT (NAIP (neuronal apoptosis inhibitor protein), C2TA (MHC class 2 transcription activator), HET-E (incompatibility locus protein from Podospora anserina) and TP1 (telomerase-associated protein) and Leucine-Rich Repeat (LRR) domain containing proteins) relate to a large family of cytosolic innate receptors, involved in detection of intracellular pathogens and endogenous byproducts of tissue injury. These receptors may recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and/or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), activating host responses against pathogen infection and cellular stress. NLR-driven downstream signals trigger a number of signaling circuitries, which may either initiate the formation of inflammasomes and/or activate nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), stress kinases, interferon response factors (IRFs), inflammatory caspases and autophagy. Disruption of those signals may lead to a number of pro-inflammatory conditions, eventually promoting the onset of human malignancies. In this review, we describe the structures and functions of the most well-defined NLR proteins and highlight their association and biological impact on a diverse number of cancers.
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35
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Kucharzewska P, Maracle CX, Jeucken KCM, van Hamburg JP, Israelsson E, Furber M, Tas SW, Olsson HK. NIK-IKK complex interaction controls NF-κB-dependent inflammatory activation of endothelium in response to LTβR ligation. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs225615. [PMID: 30837284 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.225615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK; also known as MAP3K14) is a central regulator of non-canonical NF-κB signaling in response to stimulation of TNF receptor superfamily members, such as the lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR), and is implicated in pathological angiogenesis associated with chronic inflammation and cancer. Here, we identify a previously unrecognized role of the LTβR-NIK axis during inflammatory activation of human endothelial cells (ECs). Engagement of LTβR-triggered canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling promoted expression of inflammatory mediators and adhesion molecules, and increased immune cell adhesion to ECs. Sustained LTβR-induced inflammatory activation of ECs was NIK dependent, but independent of p100, indicating that the non-canonical arm of NF-κB is not involved. Instead, prolonged activation of canonical NF-κB signaling, through the interaction of NIK with IκB kinase α and β (also known as CHUK and IKBKB, respectively), was required for the inflammatory response. Endothelial inflammatory activation induced by synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis patients was significantly reduced by NIK knockdown, suggesting that NIK-mediated alternative activation of canonical NF-κB signaling is a key driver of pathological inflammatory activation of ECs. Targeting NIK could thus provide a novel approach for treating chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kucharzewska
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Chrissta X Maracle
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology and Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kim C M Jeucken
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology and Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Piet van Hamburg
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology and Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Israelsson
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Mark Furber
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Sander W Tas
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology and Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henric K Olsson
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
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36
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Liu F, Zhang S, Yin M, Guo L, Xu M, Wang Y. Nobiletin inhibits hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal cell carcinoma cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:2039-2046. [PMID: 30203502 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a universal characteristic of solid tumor and involving cancer metastasis via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Nobiletin (3',4',5,6,7,8-hexamethoxyflavone), a dietary polymethoxylated flavonoid found in citrus fruits, has been reported to have anticancer effects. However, the possible role of nobiletin in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the effect of nobiletin on hypoxia-induced EMT in RCC cells. We found that nobiletin significantly inhibited the migration and invasion induced by hypoxia in RCC cells. In addition, nobiletin reversed the hypoxia-induced EMT process in RCC cells. Furthermore, nobiletin suppressed the activation of NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in hypoxia-stimulated RCC cells. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that nobiletin inhibits hypoxia-induced EMT in human RCC cells via the inactivation of the NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Yin
- Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lihua Guo
- Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingzhu Xu
- Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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37
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HDAC2-mediated upregulation of IL-6 triggers the migration of osteosarcoma cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2019; 35:423-433. [DOI: 10.1007/s10565-019-09459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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38
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Structural instability of IκB kinase β promotes autophagic degradation through enhancement of Keap1 binding. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203978. [PMID: 30500824 PMCID: PMC6267955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
IKKβ, an essential kinase of NF-κB signaling, is composed of an N-terminal kinase domain (KD) and a C-terminal scaffolding domain, containing a ubiquitin-like domain (ULD). The Hsp90 chaperon has special responsibility for folding of protein kinases including IKKβ. Here, we found that Hsp90 inhibition induced IKKβ degradation, which is partially mediated by Keap1. Geldanamycin (GA), a Hsp90 inhibitor, enhances association of IKKβ with Keap1 through the binding site in KD, and translocates IKKβ to detergent-insoluble fractions leading to its autophagic degradation. An electrophile tBHQ suppressed Keap1-mediated proteasomal Nrf2 degradation but not autophagic IKKβ degradation. Substitution mutation of Leu353 to Ala in the ULD destabilizes IKKβ, enhances its association with Keap1, translocates it to detergent-insoluble fractions, and causes its autophagic degradation. These results suggest that Keap1 is involved in the degradation of structural destabilized IKKβ and negative regulation of NF-κB under proteotoxic stress.
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39
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Aberrant Activation of NF-κB Signalling in Aggressive Lymphoid Malignancies. Cells 2018; 7:cells7110189. [PMID: 30380749 PMCID: PMC6262606 DOI: 10.3390/cells7110189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoid malignancies frequently harbor genetic mutations leading to aberrant activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling; in normal cells, this pathway has important roles in the control of cell growth, survival, stress responses, and inflammation. Malignancies with mutations in NF-κB pathway components can derive from all cell stages of mature B-cell development; however, aberrant NF-κB activity is particularly prevalent in aggressive subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and myeloma. NF-κB activation is mediated by two separate pathways, the canonical and alternative pathway, and five downstream transcription factor subunits. Recent findings implicate a predominant role for distinct NF-κB pathways and subunits in certain lymphoma subtypes and myeloma; findings which are complemented by the realization that individual NF-κB subunits can have unique, non-redundant biological roles in the putative tumor precursor cells, including activated B cells, germinal center B cells and plasma cells. The knowledge gained from these studies may be exploited for the development of therapeutic strategies to inhibit aberrant NF-κB activity at the level of the transcription-factor subunits and their target genes, as global inhibition of the pathway is toxic. Here, we provide an overview on the role of aberrant NF-κB activation in aggressive lymphoid malignancies and discuss the potential importance of individual NF-κB subunits in the pathogenesis of tumor subtypes.
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40
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Zhou J, Li M, Jin WF, Li XH, Zhang YY. Role of NF-κB on Neurons after Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2018.451.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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41
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Karim ZA, Hensch NR, Qasim H, Alshbool FZ, Khasawneh FT. Role of IκB kinase β in regulating the remodeling of the CARMA1-Bcl10-MALT1 complex. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:268-274. [PMID: 29649481 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The current work investigates the notion that inducible clustering of signaling mediators of the IKK pathway is important for platelet activation. Thus, while the CARMA1, Bcl10, and MALT1 (CBM) complex is essential for triggering IKK/NF-κB activation upon platelet stimulation, the signals that elicit its formation and downstream effector activation remain elusive. We demonstrate herein that IKKβ is involved in membrane fusion, and serves as a critical protein kinase required for initial formation and the regulation of the CARMA1/MALT1/Bcl10/CBM complex in platelets. We also show that IKKβ regulates these processes via modulation of phosphorylation of Bcl10 and IKKγ polyubiquitination. Collectively, our data demonstrate that IKKβ regulates membrane fusion and the remodeling of the CBM complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair A Karim
- 1101 N. Campbell St, Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
| | - Nicole R Hensch
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Hanan Qasim
- 1101 N. Campbell St, Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA
| | - Fatima Z Alshbool
- 1101 N. Campbell St, Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA
| | - Fadi T Khasawneh
- 1101 N. Campbell St, Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA
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42
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Yang W, Qu Y, Tan B, Jia Y, Wang N, Hu P, Wang J. Prognostic significance of preoperative IKBKE expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:1305-1314. [PMID: 29563809 PMCID: PMC5846766 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s156818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose IκB kinase epsilon (IKBKE; IKKε), a member of the nuclear factor-κB kinase inhibitor family, is upregulated in several human cancers, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancer. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common and most aggressively malignant cancers with dismal prognosis. However, the state of IKBKE expression in ESCC is still unknown and its potential value remains unexplored. Patients and methods IKBKE protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 118 paraffin specimens of ESCC treated by curative surgery. All patients were regularly followed up by telephone over 3 years after surgery. The chi-square test, Kaplan–Meier method, and Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to analyze the relationship of IKBKE expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognostic value for ESCC. Results IKBKE expression was 61.9% (73/118) in paraffin-embedded archived ESCC. Its expression was significantly associated with tumor differentiation grade (p=0.045) and advanced TNM (pathologic tumor node metastasis) stages (p=0.023). In univariate analysis, IKBKE expression was closely associated with decreased 3-year disease-free survival (HR 1.804, 95% CI 1.076–3.027; p=0.023) and overall survival (HR 2.118, 95% CI 1.189–3.773; p=0.009). Meanwhile, in multivariate analysis it was identified as an independent prognostic factor for 3-year disease-free survival (HR 1.777, 95% CI 1.034–3.054; p=0.037) and overall survival (HR 2.078, 95% CI 1.138–3.796; p=0.017). Conclusion Our data indicated for the first time that IKKε expression is a highly recurrent event in ESCC and could play a pivotal role in the evaluation of prognosis. IKBKE upregulation is negatively associated with disease-free survival and overall survival. Therefore, IKBKE could serve as a prognostic variable and potential therapeutic target for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yang
- Department of Radiation, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Radiation, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingxu Tan
- Department of Radiation, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibin Jia
- Department of Radiation, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Wang
- Department of Radiation, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Radiation, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Radiation, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Hamilton MJ, Caswell RC, Canham N, Cole T, Firth HV, Foulds N, Heimdal K, Hobson E, Houge G, Joss S, Kumar D, Lampe AK, Maystadt I, McKay V, Metcalfe K, Newbury-Ecob R, Park SM, Robert L, Rustad CF, Wakeling E, Wilkie AOM, Study TDDD, Twigg SRF, Suri M. Heterozygous mutations affecting the protein kinase domain of CDK13 cause a syndromic form of developmental delay and intellectual disability. J Med Genet 2017; 55:28-38. [PMID: 29021403 PMCID: PMC5749303 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Recent evidence has emerged linking mutations in CDK13 to syndromic congenital heart disease. We present here genetic and phenotypic data pertaining to 16 individuals with CDK13 mutations. Methods Patients were investigated by exome sequencing, having presented with developmental delay and additional features suggestive of a syndromic cause. Results Our cohort comprised 16 individuals aged 4–16 years. All had developmental delay, including six with autism spectrum disorder. Common findings included feeding difficulties (15/16), structural cardiac anomalies (9/16), seizures (4/16) and abnormalities of the corpus callosum (4/11 patients who had undergone MRI). All had craniofacial dysmorphism, with common features including short, upslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism or telecanthus, medial epicanthic folds, low-set, posteriorly rotated ears and a small mouth with thin upper lip vermilion. Fifteen patients had predicted missense mutations, including five identical p.(Asn842Ser) substitutions and two p.(Gly717Arg) substitutions. One patient had a canonical splice acceptor site variant (c.2898–1G>A). All mutations were located within the protein kinase domain of CDK13. The affected amino acids are highly conserved, and in silico analyses including comparative protein modelling predict that they will interfere with protein function. The location of the missense mutations in a key catalytic domain suggests that they are likely to cause loss of catalytic activity but retention of cyclin K binding, resulting in a dominant negative mode of action. Although the splice-site mutation was predicted to produce a stable internally deleted protein, this was not supported by expression studies in lymphoblastoid cells. A loss of function contribution to the underlying pathological mechanism therefore cannot be excluded, and the clinical significance of this variant remains uncertain. Conclusions These patients demonstrate that heterozygous, likely dominant negative mutations affecting the protein kinase domain of the CDK13 gene result in a recognisable, syndromic form of intellectual disability, with or without congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Hamilton
- West of Scotland Genetics Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK.,Nottingham Clinical Genetics Service, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Richard C Caswell
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Natalie Canham
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
| | - Trevor Cole
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen V Firth
- East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Nicola Foulds
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Ketil Heimdal
- Section of Clinical Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emma Hobson
- Yorkshire Regional Clinical Genetics Service, The Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shelagh Joss
- West of Scotland Genetics Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Dhavendra Kumar
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anne Katrin Lampe
- South East of Scotland Clinical Genetic Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique (IPG), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Victoria McKay
- Merseyside Genetics Service, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kay Metcalfe
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, St Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ruth Newbury-Ecob
- Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Soo-Mi Park
- East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leema Robert
- South East Thames Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Cecilie F Rustad
- Section of Clinical Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emma Wakeling
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
| | - Andrew O M Wilkie
- Clinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Stephen R F Twigg
- Clinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mohnish Suri
- Nottingham Clinical Genetics Service, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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44
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NUMBL Interacts with TAK1, TRAF6 and NEMO to Negatively Regulate NF-κB Signaling During Osteoclastogenesis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12600. [PMID: 28974699 PMCID: PMC5626749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12707-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB signaling is essential for osteoclast differentiation and skeletal homeostasis. We have reported recently that NUMB-like (NUMBL) protein modulates osteoclastogenesis by down regulating NF-κB activation. Herein, we decipher the mechanism underlying this phenomenon. We found that whereas NUMBL mRNA expression decreases upon stimulation of wild type (WT) bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) with RANKL, TAK1 deficiency in these cells leads to increased NUMBL and decreased TRAF6 and NEMO expression. These changes were restored upon WT-TAK1 expression, but not with catalytically inactive TAK1-K63W, suggesting that TAK1 enzymatic activity is required for these events. Forced expression of NUMBL inhibits osteoclast differentiation and function as evident by reduction in all hallmarks of osteoclastogenesis. Conversely, NUMBL-null BMMs, show increased osteoclast differentiation and mRNA expression of osteoclast marker genes. Post-translationally, K48-linked poly-ubiquitination of NUMBL is diminished in TAK1-null BMMs compared to elevated K48-poly-ubiquitination in WT cells, indicating increased stability of NUMBL in TAK1-null conditions. Further, our studies show that NUMBL directly interacts with TRAF6 and NEMO, and induces their K48-poly-ubiquitination mediated proteasomal degradation. Collectively, our data suggest that NUMBL and TAK1 are reciprocally regulated and that NUMBL acts as an endogenous regulator of NF-κB signaling and osteoclastogenesis by targeting the TAK1-TRAF6-NEMO axis.
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45
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Fan C, Wu LH, Zhang GF, Xu F, Zhang S, Zhang X, Sun L, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Ye RD. 4'-Hydroxywogonin suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages and acute lung injury mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181191. [PMID: 28792498 PMCID: PMC5549707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
4'-Hydroxywogonin (4'-HW), a flavonoid, has been isolated from various plants and shown to inhibit NO production in macrophages. However, the molecular mechanisms and its in vivo activity have not been determined. Our study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of 4'-HW in vitro and in vivo. We showed that 4'-HW potently reduced the expression levels of COX-2 and iNOS as well as their products, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) respectively, in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. 4'-HW also suppressed LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines at mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, 4'-HW blocked the interaction of TAK1 and TAB1 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, resulting in an inhibition of the TAK1/IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, 4'-HW also reduced the phosphorylation of MAPKs and PI3/Akt signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. 4'-HW was also significantly decreased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. The effect of 4'-HW was confirmed in vivo. 4'-HW exhibited potent protective effect against LPS-induced ALI in mice. These findings indicate that 4'-HW suppresses the LPS-induced response in vitro and in vivo. It is likely that the inhibition of the TAK1/IKK/NF-κB, MAPKs and PI3/AKT signaling pathways contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of 4'-HW. Our study suggests that 4'-HW may be an important functional constituent in the plants and has the potential value to be developed as a novel anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Le-Hao Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gu-Fang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangfang Xu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (RDY)
| | - Richard D. Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau Special Administrative Region, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (RDY)
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46
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Herpes Simplex Virus 1 UL24 Abrogates the DNA Sensing Signal Pathway by Inhibiting NF-κB Activation. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.00025-17. [PMID: 28100608 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00025-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a newly identified DNA sensor that recognizes foreign DNA, including the genome of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). Upon binding of viral DNA, cGAS produces cyclic GMP-AMP, which interacts with and activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING) to trigger the transcription of antiviral genes such as type I interferons (IFNs), and the production of inflammatory cytokines. HSV-1 UL24 is widely conserved among members of the herpesviruses family and is essential for efficient viral replication. In this study, we found that ectopically expressed UL24 could inhibit cGAS-STING-mediated promoter activation of IFN-β and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and UL24 also inhibited interferon-stimulatory DNA-mediated IFN-β and IL-6 production during HSV-1 infection. Furthermore, UL24 selectively blocked nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) but not IFN-regulatory factor 3 promoter activation. Coimmunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that UL24 bound to the endogenous NF-κB subunits p65 and p50 in HSV-1-infected cells, and UL24 was also found to bind the Rel homology domains (RHDs) of these subunits. Furthermore, UL24 reduced the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-mediated nuclear translocation of p65 and p50. Finally, mutational analysis revealed that the region spanning amino acids (aa) 74 to 134 of UL24 [UL24(74-134)] is responsible for inhibiting cGAS-STING-mediated NF-κB promoter activity. For the first time, UL24 was shown to play an important role in immune evasion during HSV-1 infection.IMPORTANCE NF-κB is a critical component of the innate immune response and is strongly induced downstream of most pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the production of IFN-β as well as a number of inflammatory chemokines and interleukins. To establish persistent infection, viruses have evolved various mechanisms to counteract the host NF-κB pathway. In the present study, for the first time, HSV-1 UL24 was demonstrated to inhibit the activation of NF-κB in the DNA sensing signal pathway via binding to the RHDs of the NF-κB subunits p65 and p50 and abolishing their nuclear translocation.
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47
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Vazquez-Santillan K, Melendez-Zajgla J, Jimenez-Hernandez LE, Gaytan-Cervantes J, Muñoz-Galindo L, Piña-Sanchez P, Martinez-Ruiz G, Torres J, Garcia-Lopez P, Gonzalez-Torres C, Ruiz V, Avila-Moreno F, Velasco-Velazquez M, Perez-Tapia M, Maldonado V. NF-kappaΒ-inducing kinase regulates stem cell phenotype in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37340. [PMID: 27876836 PMCID: PMC5120353 DOI: 10.1038/srep37340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) overexpress components of the Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling cascade and consequently display high NF-κB activity levels. Breast cancer cell lines with high proportion of CSCs exhibit high NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) expression. The role of NIK in the phenotype of cancer stem cell regulation is poorly understood. Expression of NIK was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR in BCSCs. NIK levels were manipulated through transfection of specific shRNAs or an expression vector. The effect of NIK in the cancer stem cell properties was assessed by mammosphere formation, mice xenografts and stem markers expression. BCSCs expressed higher levels of NIK and its inhibition through small hairpin (shRNA), reduced the expression of CSC markers and impaired clonogenicity and tumorigenesis. Genome-wide expression analyses suggested that NIK acts on ERK1/2 pathway to exert its activity. In addition, forced expression of NIK increased the BCSC population and enhanced breast cancer cell tumorigenicity. The in vivo relevance of these results is further supported by a tissue microarray of breast cancer samples in which we observed correlated expression of Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and NIK protein. Our results support the essential involvement of NIK in BCSC phenotypic regulation via ERK1/2 and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Patricia Piña-Sanchez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas (UIMEO), Hospital de Oncología IMSS, México
| | | | - Javier Torres
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias (UMAE), Hospital de Pediatría, IMSS, México
| | | | | | - Victor Ruiz
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas” (INER), México
| | | | | | - Mayra Perez-Tapia
- Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioprocesos (UDIBI) y Departamento de Inmunología, IPN, México
| | - Vilma Maldonado
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México, 14610, México
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48
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Fry CS, Nayeem SZ, Dillon EL, Sarkar PS, Tumurbaatar B, Urban RJ, Wright TJ, Sheffield-Moore M, Tilton RG, Choudhary S. Glucocorticoids increase skeletal muscle NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK): links to muscle atrophy. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:e13014. [PMID: 27905294 PMCID: PMC5112493 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GC) are a frontline therapy for numerous acute and chronic diseases because of their demonstrated efficacy at reducing systemic inflammation. An unintended side effect of GC therapy is the stimulation of skeletal muscle atrophy. Pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for GC-induced skeletal muscle atrophy have been extensively investigated, and the ability to treat patients with GC without unintended muscle atrophy has yet to be realized. We have reported that a single, standard-of-care dose of Methylprednisolone increases in vivo expression of NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK), an important upstream regulatory kinase controlling NF-κB activation, along with other key muscle catabolic regulators such as Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 that induce skeletal muscle proteolysis. Here, we provide experimental evidence that overexpressing NIK by intramuscular injection of recombinant human NIK via adenoviral vector in mouse tibialis anterior muscle induces a 30% decrease in the average fiber cross-sectional area that is associated with increases in mRNA expression of skeletal muscle atrophy biomarkers MuRF1, Atrogin-1, myostatin and Gadd45. A single injection of GC induced NIK mRNA and protein within 2 h, with the increased NIK localized to nuclear and sarcolemmal locations within muscle fibers. Daily GC injections induced skeletal muscle fore limb weakness as early as 3 days with similar atrophy of muscle fibers as observed with NIK overexpression. NIK overexpression in primary human skeletal muscle myotubes increased skeletal muscle atrophy biomarkers, while NIK knockdown significantly attenuated GC-induced increases in NIK and Atrogin-1. These results suggest that NIK may be a novel, previously unrecognized mediator of GC-induced skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Fry
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
| | - Syed Z Nayeem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
| | - Edgar L Dillon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
| | - Partha S Sarkar
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
| | - Batbayar Tumurbaatar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
| | - Randall J Urban
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
| | - Traver J Wright
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
| | - Melinda Sheffield-Moore
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
| | - Ronald G Tilton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
| | - Sanjeev Choudhary
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
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49
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Meng Y, Hu J, Chen Y, Yu T, Hu L. Silencing MARCH1 suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells via downregulation of NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2463-2470. [PMID: 27633480 PMCID: PMC5055210 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-associated RING-CH (MARCH) belongs to the family of RING-CH type E3 ubiquitin ligases. MARCH1 ubiquitinates and downregulates MHC class II expression in APCs and targets major players of the immune system. However, the role of MARCH1 in ovarian cancer has not been elucidated. The present study investigated the function of MARCH1 in ovarian cancer and the potential mechanisms involved. MARCH1 expression was examined in human ovarian cancer tissue specimens by immunohistochemistry. The role of MARCH1 in ovarian cancer cells was assessed by cell proliferation, migration and invasion assays with MARCH1 gene silencing. To investigate the mechanism by which MARCH1 functions, correlation between MARCH1 and the cell signaling pathways were analyzed using a luciferase reporter assay, real-time RT-PCR, western blot assay and immunofluorescence. MARCH1 was found to be overexpressed in ovarian cancer tissues when compared to adjacent non-tumor and normal ovarian tissues. Silencing MARCH1 inhibited SKOV3 cell proliferation, invasion and migration, as well as inhibiting the NF-κB and the Wnt/β-catenin pathways. MARCH1 functions as a tumor promoter by upregulating the NF-κB and the Wnt/β-catenin pathways, indicating that MARCH1 may be a therapeutic target for patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Tinghe Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
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50
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Abstract
The phenomenon of endotoxin tolerance has been widely investigated, but to date, the molecular mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance remain to be resolved clearly. The discovery of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family as the major receptors for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and other bacterial products has prompted a resurgence of interest in endotoxin tolerance mechanisms. Changes of cell surface molecules, signaling proteins, pro-inflammatory and anti -inflammatory cytokines and other mediators have been examined. During tolerance expression of LPS-binding protein (LBP), CD14, myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) and TLR2 are unchanged or up-regulated, whereas TLR4 is transiently suppressed or unchanged. Proximal post-receptor signaling proteins that are altered in tolerance include augmented degradation of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK), and decreased TLR4-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and IRAK-MyD88 association. Tolerance has also been shown to be associated with decreased Gi protein content and activity, decreased protein kinase C (PKC) activity, reduction in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) activity, and reduced activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) induced gene transactivation. However, not all signaling proteins and pathways are suppressed in tolerance and induction of specific anti-inflammatory proteins and signaling pathways may serve important counter inflammatory functions. The latter include induction of IRAK-M and suppressor of cytokine-signaling-1 (SOCS-1), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling, and increased or maintained expression of inhibitor-κB (IκB) isoforms. Also at the nuclear level, increase in the NFκB subunit p50 homodimer expression and increased activation of peroxisome-proliferatoractivated receptors-γ (PPARγ) have been linked to tolerance phenotype. Although there are species and cellular variations in manifestation of the LPS tolerant phenotype, it is clear that the tolerance phenomena have evolved as a complex orchestrated counter regulatory response to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkuan Fan
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - James A. Cook
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,
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