1
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Leenders RA, Afanasiev D, Kimel AV, Mikhaylovskiy RV. Canted spin order as a platform for ultrafast conversion of magnons. Nature 2024; 630:335-339. [PMID: 38811734 PMCID: PMC11168928 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Traditionally, magnetic solids are divided into two main classes-ferromagnets and antiferromagnets with parallel and antiparallel spin orders, respectively. Although normally the antiferromagnets have zero magnetization, in some of them an additional antisymmetric spin-spin interaction arises owing to a strong spin-orbit coupling and results in canting of the spins, thereby producing net magnetization. The canted antiferromagnets combine antiferromagnetic order with phenomena typical of ferromagnets and hold great potential for spintronics and magnonics1-5. In this way, they can be identified as closely related to the recently proposed new class of magnetic materials called altermagnets6-9. Altermagnets are predicted to have strong magneto-optical effects, terahertz-frequency spin dynamics and degeneracy lifting for chiral spin waves10 (that is, all of the effects present in the canted antiferromagnets11,12). Here, by utilizing these unique phenomena, we demonstrate a new functionality of canted spin order for magnonics and show that it facilitates mechanisms converting a magnon at the centre of the Brillouin zone into propagating magnons using nonlinear magnon-magnon interactions activated by an ultrafast laser pulse. Our experimental findings supported by theoretical analysis show that the mechanism is enabled by the spin canting.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Leenders
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - D Afanasiev
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - A V Kimel
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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2
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Dastrup BS, Miedaner PR, Zhang Z, Nelson KA. Optical-pump-terahertz-probe spectroscopy in high magnetic fields with kHz single-shot detection. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:033005. [PMID: 38470217 DOI: 10.1063/5.0179123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate optical pump-THz probe (OPTP) spectroscopy with a variable external magnetic field (0-9 T), in which the time-dependent THz signal is measured by echelon-based single-shot detection at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The method reduces data acquisition times by more than an order of magnitude compared to conventional electro-optic sampling using a scanning delay stage. The approach illustrates the wide applicability of the single-shot measurement approach to non-equilibrium systems that are studied through OPTP spectroscopy, especially in cases where parameters such as magnetic field strength (B) or other experimental parameters are varied. We demonstrate the capabilities of our measurement by performing cyclotron resonance experiments in bulk silicon, where we observe B-field-dependent carrier relaxation and distinct relaxation rates for different carrier types. We use a pair of economical linear array detectors to measure 500 time points on each shot, offering an equivalent performance to camera-based detection with possibilities for higher repetition rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake S Dastrup
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
| | - Peter R Miedaner
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
| | - Zhuquan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
| | - Keith A Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
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3
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Tahara H, Sakamoto M, Teranishi T, Kanemitsu Y. Coherent electronic coupling in quantum dot solids induces cooperative enhancement of nonlinear optoelectronic responses. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41565-024-01601-9. [PMID: 38297146 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Synchronized dynamics of quantum dot (QD) ensembles are essential for generating ultrafast and giant optical responses beyond those of individual QDs. Increasing the strength of the direct electronic coupling between QDs is a key strategy for the realization of cooperative quantum phenomena. Here, we observe a quantum cooperative effect on nonlinear photocurrents caused by the coherent electronic coupling in semiconductor QD solids. We measure quantum interference signals cooperatively generated in QD solids. We control the inter-QD distance with atomic precision using bidentate ligands that strongly link the QDs. The harmonic quantum interference signals are strongly enhanced when shortening the molecular length of the ligand. Furthermore, we clarify that the coherence length of multiexcitons extends to neighbouring QDs. This finding is direct evidence that multiexciton coherent tunnelling assists the ultrafast exciton delocalization. Cooperative enhancement in QD solids may find application in advanced quantum optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Tahara
- The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan.
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4
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Zhang Z, Sekiguchi F, Moriyama T, Furuya SC, Sato M, Satoh T, Mukai Y, Tanaka K, Yamamoto T, Kageyama H, Kanemitsu Y, Hirori H. Generation of third-harmonic spin oscillation from strong spin precession induced by terahertz magnetic near fields. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1795. [PMID: 37002210 PMCID: PMC10066181 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to drive a spin system to state far from the equilibrium is indispensable for investigating spin structures of antiferromagnets and their functional nonlinearities for spintronics. While optical methods have been considered for spin excitation, terahertz (THz) pulses appear to be a more convenient means of direct spin excitation without requiring coupling between spins and orbitals or phonons. However, room-temperature responses are usually limited to small deviations from the equilibrium state because of the relatively weak THz magnetic fields in common approaches. Here, we studied the magnetization dynamics in a HoFeO3 crystal at room temperature. A custom-made spiral-shaped microstructure was used to locally generate a strong multicycle THz magnetic near field perpendicular to the crystal surface; the maximum magnetic field amplitude of about 2 T was achieved. The observed time-resolved change in the Faraday ellipticity clearly showed second- and third-order harmonics of the magnetization oscillation and an asymmetric oscillation behaviour. Not only the ferromagnetic vector M but also the antiferromagnetic vector L plays an important role in the nonlinear dynamics of spin systems far from equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Fumiya Sekiguchi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takahiro Moriyama
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shunsuke C Furuya
- Department of Basic Science, University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sato
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takuya Satoh
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Yu Mukai
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tanaka
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamamoto
- Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kageyama
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kanemitsu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Hideki Hirori
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
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5
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Chen L, Zhao W, Wang Z, Tang F, Fang Y, Zeng Z, Xia Z, Cheng Z, Cortie DL, Rule KC, Wang X, Zheng R. Spin Reorientation Transition and Negative Magnetoresistance in Ferromagnetic NdCrSb 3 Single Crystals. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1736. [PMID: 36837366 PMCID: PMC9963297 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High-quality NdCrSb3 single crystals are grown using a Sn-flux method, for electronic transport and magnetic structure study. Ferromagnetic ordering of the Nd3+ and Cr3+ magnetic sublattices are observed at different temperatures and along different crystallographic axes. Due to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction between the two magnetic sublattices, the Cr moments rotate from the b axis to the a axis upon cooling, resulting in a spin reorientation (SR) transition. The SR transition is reflected by the temperature-dependent magnetization curves, e.g., the Cr moments rotate from the b axis to the a axis with cooling from 20 to 9 K, leading to a decrease in the b-axis magnetization f and an increase in the a-axis magnetization. Our elastic neutron scattering along the a axis shows decreasing intensity of magnetic (300) peak upon cooling from 20 K, supporting the SR transition. Although the magnetization of two magnetic sublattices favours different crystallographic axes and shows significant anisotropy in magnetic and transport behaviours, their moments are all aligned to the field direction at sufficiently large fields (30 T). Moreover, the magnetic structure within the SR transition region is relatively fragile, which results in negative magnetoresistance by applying magnetic fields along either a or b axis. The metallic NdCrSb3 single crystal with two ferromagnetic sublattices is an ideal system to study the magnetic interactions, as well as their influences on the electronic transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weiyao Zhao
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Zhaocai Wang
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Functional Thin Films, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Zhuo Zeng
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhengcai Xia
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhenxiang Cheng
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - David L. Cortie
- Australia’s Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, Sydney, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Kirrily C. Rule
- Australia’s Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, Sydney, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Renkui Zheng
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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6
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Hayashida K, Makihara T, Marquez Peraca N, Fallas Padilla D, Pu H, Kono J, Bamba M. Perfect intrinsic squeezing at the superradiant phase transition critical point. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2526. [PMID: 36781905 PMCID: PMC9925797 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29202-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Some of the most exotic properties of the quantum vacuum are predicted in ultrastrongly coupled photon-atom systems; one such property is quantum squeezing leading to suppressed quantum fluctuations of photons and atoms. This squeezing is unique because (1) it is realized in the ground state of the system and does not require external driving, and (2) the squeezing can be perfect in the sense that quantum fluctuations of certain observables are completely suppressed. Specifically, we investigate the ground state of the Dicke model, which describes atoms collectively coupled to a single photonic mode, and we found that the photon-atom fluctuation vanishes at the onset of the superradiant phase transition in the thermodynamic limit of an infinite number of atoms. Moreover, when a finite number of atoms is considered, the variance of the fluctuation around the critical point asymptotically converges to zero, as the number of atoms is increased. In contrast to the squeezed states of flying photons obtained using standard generation protocols with external driving, the squeezing obtained in the ground state of the ultrastrongly coupled photon-atom systems is resilient against unpredictable noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Hayashida
- grid.21940.3e0000 0004 1936 8278Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA ,grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Division of Applied Physics, Graduate School and Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Takuma Makihara
- grid.21940.3e0000 0004 1936 8278Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA
| | - Nicolas Marquez Peraca
- grid.21940.3e0000 0004 1936 8278Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA
| | - Diego Fallas Padilla
- grid.21940.3e0000 0004 1936 8278Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA
| | - Han Pu
- grid.21940.3e0000 0004 1936 8278Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA
| | - Junichiro Kono
- grid.21940.3e0000 0004 1936 8278Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA ,grid.21940.3e0000 0004 1936 8278Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA ,grid.21940.3e0000 0004 1936 8278Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA
| | - Motoaki Bamba
- Department of Physics I, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan. .,The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan. .,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan.
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7
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Yahiaoui R, Chase ZA, Kyaw C, Tay F, Baydin A, Noe GT, Song J, Kono J, Agrawal A, Bamba M, Searles TA. Dicke-Cooperativity-Assisted Ultrastrong Coupling Enhancement in Terahertz Metasurfaces. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9788-9794. [PMID: 36469734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A system of N two-level atoms cooperatively interacting with a photonic field can be described as a single giant atom coupled to the field with interaction strength ∝N. This enhancement, known as Dicke cooperativity in quantum optics, has recently become an indispensable element in quantum information technology. Here, we extend the coupling beyond the standard light-matter interaction paradigm, enhancing Dicke cooperativity in a terahertz metasurface with N meta-atoms. The cooperative enhancement is manifested through the hybridization of the localized surface plasmon resonance in individual meta-atoms and surface lattice resonance due to the periodic array. Furthermore, through engineering of the capacitive split-gap in the meta-atoms, we were able to enhance the coupling rate into the ultrastrong coupling regime by a factor of N. Our strategy can serve as a new platform for demonstrating effective control of fermionic systems by weak pumping, superradiant emission, and ultrasensitive sensing of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riad Yahiaoui
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Zizwe A Chase
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Chan Kyaw
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Fuyang Tay
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 70005, United States
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Andrey Baydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 70005, United States
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - G Tim Noe
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 70005, United States
| | - Junyeob Song
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Junichiro Kono
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 70005, United States
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Amit Agrawal
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Motoaki Bamba
- The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Physics I, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Thomas A Searles
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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8
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Ma X, Yuan N, Yang W, Zhu S, Shi C, Song H, Sun Z, Kang B, Ren W, Cao S. Field-Tuning Mechanisms of Spin Switching and Spin Reorientation Transition in Praseodymium-Erbium Orthoferrite Single Crystals. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14815-14823. [PMID: 36074388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Field-tuning mechanisms of spin switching and spin reorientation (SR) transition were investigated in a series of high-quality single crystal samples of PrxEr1-xFeO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) prepared using the optical floating zone method. The single crystal quality, structure, and axis orientation were determined by room-temperature powder X-ray diffraction, back-reflection Laue X-ray diffraction, and Raman scattering at room temperature. Magnetic measurements indicate that the type and temperature region of SR transition are tuned by introducing different ratios of Pr3+ doping (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5). The trigger temperatures of spin switching and magnetization compensation temperature of PrxEr1-xFeO3 crystals can be adjusted by doping with different proportions of Pr3+. Furthermore, the trigger temperature of the two types of spin switching in Pr0.3Er0.7FeO3 along the a-axis can be regulated by an external field. Meanwhile, the isothermal magnetic field-triggered spin switching effect is also observed along the a and c-axes of Pr0.3Er0.7FeO3. An in-depth understanding of the magnetic coupling and competition between the R3+ and Fe3+ magnetic sublattices, within the RFeO3 system, has important implications for advancing the practical applications of the relevant spin switching materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Ma
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute and International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ning Yuan
- Kirchhoff Institute of Physics, Heidelberg University, INF 227, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wanting Yang
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute and International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shuang Zhu
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute and International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chenfei Shi
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute and International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huan Song
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute and International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute and International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Baojuan Kang
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute and International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute and International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shixun Cao
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute and International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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9
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Aiello CD, Abendroth JM, Abbas M, Afanasev A, Agarwal S, Banerjee AS, Beratan DN, Belling JN, Berche B, Botana A, Caram JR, Celardo GL, Cuniberti G, Garcia-Etxarri A, Dianat A, Diez-Perez I, Guo Y, Gutierrez R, Herrmann C, Hihath J, Kale S, Kurian P, Lai YC, Liu T, Lopez A, Medina E, Mujica V, Naaman R, Noormandipour M, Palma JL, Paltiel Y, Petuskey W, Ribeiro-Silva JC, Saenz JJ, Santos EJG, Solyanik-Gorgone M, Sorger VJ, Stemer DM, Ugalde JM, Valdes-Curiel A, Varela S, Waldeck DH, Wasielewski MR, Weiss PS, Zacharias H, Wang QH. A Chirality-Based Quantum Leap. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4989-5035. [PMID: 35318848 PMCID: PMC9278663 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the study of chiral degrees of freedom occurring in matter and in electromagnetic fields. Opportunities in quantum sciences will likely exploit two main areas that are the focus of this Review: (1) recent observations of the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in chiral molecules and engineered nanomaterials and (2) rapidly evolving nanophotonic strategies designed to amplify chiral light-matter interactions. On the one hand, the CISS effect underpins the observation that charge transport through nanoscopic chiral structures favors a particular electronic spin orientation, resulting in large room-temperature spin polarizations. Observations of the CISS effect suggest opportunities for spin control and for the design and fabrication of room-temperature quantum devices from the bottom up, with atomic-scale precision and molecular modularity. On the other hand, chiral-optical effects that depend on both spin- and orbital-angular momentum of photons could offer key advantages in all-optical and quantum information technologies. In particular, amplification of these chiral light-matter interactions using rationally designed plasmonic and dielectric nanomaterials provide approaches to manipulate light intensity, polarization, and phase in confined nanoscale geometries. Any technology that relies on optimal charge transport, or optical control and readout, including quantum devices for logic, sensing, and storage, may benefit from chiral quantum properties. These properties can be theoretically and experimentally investigated from a quantum information perspective, which has not yet been fully developed. There are uncharted implications for the quantum sciences once chiral couplings can be engineered to control the storage, transduction, and manipulation of quantum information. This forward-looking Review provides a survey of the experimental and theoretical fundamentals of chiral-influenced quantum effects and presents a vision for their possible future roles in enabling room-temperature quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice D. Aiello
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - John M. Abendroth
- Laboratory
for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Muneer Abbas
- Department
of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Andrei Afanasev
- Department
of Physics, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Shivang Agarwal
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Amartya S. Banerjee
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - David N. Beratan
- Departments
of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jason N. Belling
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Bertrand Berche
- Laboratoire
de Physique et Chimie Théoriques, UMR Université de Lorraine-CNRS, 7019 54506 Vandœuvre les
Nancy, France
| | - Antia Botana
- Department
of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Justin R. Caram
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Giuseppe Luca Celardo
- Institute
of Physics, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma
de Puebla, Apartado Postal J-48, 72570, Mexico
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Aitzol Garcia-Etxarri
- Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ismael Diez-Perez
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Yuqi Guo
- School
for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Rafael Gutierrez
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joshua Hihath
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Suneet Kale
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Philip Kurian
- Quantum
Biology Laboratory, Graduate School, Howard
University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Ying-Cheng Lai
- School
of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Tianhan Liu
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Alexander Lopez
- Escuela
Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, PO Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil 090902, Ecuador
| | - Ernesto Medina
- Departamento
de Física, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Diego de Robles
y Vía Interoceánica, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Kimika
Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Mohammadreza Noormandipour
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- TCM Group,
Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Julio L. Palma
- Department
of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, Lemont Furnace, Pennsylvania 15456, United States
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - William Petuskey
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - João Carlos Ribeiro-Silva
- Laboratory
of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, 05508-900 São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan José Saenz
- Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Elton J. G. Santos
- Institute
for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems, School of Physics
and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
- Higgs Centre
for Theoretical Physics, The University
of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Solyanik-Gorgone
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Volker J. Sorger
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Dominik M. Stemer
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jesus M. Ugalde
- Kimika
Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Ana Valdes-Curiel
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Solmar Varela
- School
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Yachay
Tech University, 100119 Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
| | - Helmut Zacharias
- Center
for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Qing Hua Wang
- School
for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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10
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Tang Y, Fan J, Li X, Ma J, Qi M, Yu C, Gao W. Physics-informed recurrent neural network for time dynamics in optical resonances. NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 2:169-178. [PMID: 38177446 DOI: 10.1038/s43588-022-00215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Resonance structures and features are ubiquitous in optical science. However, capturing their time dynamics in real-world scenarios suffers from long data acquisition time and low analysis accuracy due to slow convergence and limited time windows. Here we report a physics-informed recurrent neural network to forecast the time-domain response of optical resonances and infer corresponding resonance frequencies by acquiring a fraction of the sequence as input. The model is trained in a two-step multi-fidelity framework for high-accuracy forecast, using first a large amount of low-fidelity physical-model-generated synthetic data and then a small set of high-fidelity application-specific data. Through simulations and experiments, we demonstrate that the model is applicable to a wide range of resonances, including dielectric metasurfaces, graphene plasmonics and ultra-strongly coupled Landau polaritons, where our model captures small signal features and learns physical quantities. The demonstrated machine-learning algorithm can help to accelerate the exploration of physical phenomena and device design under resonance-enhanced light-matter interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingheng Tang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jichao Fan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Xinwei Li
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jianzhu Ma
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of General Artificial Intelligence, Beijing, China
| | - Minghao Qi
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Cunxi Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Weilu Gao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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11
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Ma X, Fan W, Zhao G, Chen H, Wang C, Kang B, Feng Z, Ge JY, Ren W, Cao S. Low field control of spin switching and continuous magnetic transition in an ErFeO 3 single crystal. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:735-742. [PMID: 34935008 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04668c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic behavior of a rare-earth orthoferrite ErFeO3 single crystal can be controlled by low magnetic fields from a few to hundreds of Oe. Here we investigated a high-quality ErFeO3 single crystal in the temperature range of 5-120 K, with two types of spin switching in the field-cooled-cooling (FCC) and field-cooled-warming (FCW) processes below the temperature of the spin reorientation (SR) transition from Γ4 to Γ2 at 98-88 K. The magnitude of the applied magnetic fields can regulate two types of spin switching along the a-axis of the ErFeO3 single crystal but does not affect the type and temperature range of the SR transition. An interesting "multi-step" type-II spin switching is observed in FCW under low magnetic fields (H < 18 Oe) just below the SR transition temperature, which is associated with the interaction and the change of magnetic configurations from rare-earth and iron magnetic sublattices. When the magnetic field is lower than 15 Oe, the type-II spin switching in the FCW process gradually changes to a continuous magnetic transition along the a-axis of the ErFeO3 single crystal. As the magnetic field is reduced to less than 17 Oe, the type-I spin switching in the FCW process also transforms into a continuous magnetic transition. Understanding the magnetic reversal effects will help us explore the potential applications of these magnetic materials for future information devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Ma
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Wencheng Fan
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Chuankun Wang
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Baojuan Kang
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Zhenjie Feng
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jun-Yi Ge
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shixun Cao
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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12
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Fitzky G, Nakajima M, Koike Y, Leitenstorfer A, Kurihara T. Ultrafast Control of Magnetic Anisotropy by Resonant Excitation of 4f Electrons and Phonons in Sm_{0.7}Er_{0.3}FeO_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:107401. [PMID: 34533346 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.107401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We compare the ultrafast dynamics of the spin reorientation transition in the orthoferrite Sm_{0.7}Er_{0.3}FeO_{3} following two different pumping mechanisms. Intense few-cycle pulses in the midinfrared selectively excite either the f-f electronic transition of Sm^{3+} or optical phonons. With phonon pumping, a finite time delay exists for the spin reorientation, reflecting the energy transfer between the lattice and 4f system. In contrast, an instantaneous response is found for resonant f-f excitation. This suggests that 4f electronic pumping can directly alter the magnetic anisotropy due to the modification of 4f-3d exchange at femtosecond timescales, without involving lattice thermalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Fitzky
- Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Makoto Nakajima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yohei Koike
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Alfred Leitenstorfer
- Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Takayuki Kurihara
- Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
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13
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Abstract
Controlling collective phenomena in quantum materials is a promising route toward engineering material properties on demand. Strong THz lasers have been successful at inducing ferroelectricity in SrTiO3. Here we demonstrate, from atomistic calculations, that cavity quantum vacuum fluctuations induce a change in the collective phase of SrTiO3 in the strong light–matter coupling regime. Under these conditions, the ferroelectric phase is stabilized as the ground state, instead of the quantum paraelectric one. We conceptualize this light–matter hybrid state as a material photo ground state: Fundamental properties such as crystal structure, phonon frequencies, and the collective phase of a material are determined by the quantum light–matter coupling in equilibrium conditions. Cavity-coupling adds a new dimension to the phase diagram of SrTiO3. Optical cavities confine light on a small region in space, which can result in a strong coupling of light with materials inside the cavity. This gives rise to new states where quantum fluctuations of light and matter can alter the properties of the material altogether. Here we demonstrate, based on first-principles calculations, that such light–matter coupling induces a change of the collective phase from quantum paraelectric to ferroelectric in the SrTiO3 ground state, which has thus far only been achieved in out-of-equilibrium strongly excited conditions [X. Li et al., Science 364, 1079–1082 (2019) and T. F. Nova, A. S. Disa, M. Fechner, A. Cavalleri, Science 364, 1075–1079 (2019)]. This is a light–matter hybrid ground state which can only exist because of the coupling to the vacuum fluctuations of light, a photo ground state. The phase transition is accompanied by changes in the crystal structure, showing that fundamental ground state properties of materials can be controlled via strong light–matter coupling. Such a control of quantum states enables the tailoring of materials properties or even the design of novel materials purely by exposing them to confined light.
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14
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Zhang W, Turchinovich D. Rigorous signal reconstruction in terahertz emission spectroscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:24411-24421. [PMID: 34614687 DOI: 10.1364/oe.431739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy is a powerful method that allows one to measure the ultrafast dynamics of polarization, current, or magnetization in a material based on THz emission from the material. However, the practical implementation of this method can be challenging, and can result in significant errors in the reconstruction of the quantity of interest. Here, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate a rigorous method of signal reconstruction in THz emission spectroscopy, and describe the main experimental and theoretical sources of reconstruction error. We identify the linear line-of-sight geometry of the THz emission spectrometer as the optimal configuration for accurate, fully calibrated THz signal reconstruction. As an example, we apply our reconstruction method to ultrafast THz magnetometry experiment, where we recover the ultrafast magnetization dynamics in a photoexcited iron film, including both its temporal shape and absolute magnitude.
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15
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Luo X, Li R, Ma X, Chen Y, Kang B, Zhang J, Ren W, Feng Z, Cao S. Doping tuned spin reorientation and spin switching in praseodymium-samarium orthoferrite single crystals. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:275803. [PMID: 33930882 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abfd53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the detailed analysis of the magnetic properties in a series of Pr1-xSmxFeO3single crystals fromx= 0 to 1 with an interval of 0.1. Doping controlled spin reorientation transition temperatureTSRΓ4(Gx,Ay,Fz) to Γ2(Fx,Cy,Gz) covers a wide temperature range including room temperature. A 'butterfly'-shape type-I spin switching with 180° magnetization reversal occurs below and above the magnetization compensation points inx= 0.4 to 0.8 compounds. Interestingly, in Pr0.6Sm0.4FeO3single crystal, we find an inadequate spin reorientation transition accompanied by uncompleted type-I spin switching in the temperature region from 138 to 174 K. Furthermore, a type-II spin switching appears at 23 K, as evidenced from the magnetization curve in field-cooled-cooling (FCC) mode initially bifurcate from zero-field-cooled (ZFC) magnetization curve at 40 K and finally drops back to coincide the ZFC magnetization value at 23 K. Our current research reveals a strong and complex competition between Pr3+-Fe3+and Sm3+-Fe3+exchange interactions and more importantly renders a window to design spintronic device materials for future potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Luo
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Rubin Li
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ma
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunke Chen
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojuan Kang
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Jincang Zhang
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjie Feng
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixun Cao
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
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16
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Zeng X, Zhang H, Xi X, Li B, Zhou J. Rare Earth Orthoferrite Tuning of Transmitted Waves as Natural Metamaterials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:23884-23893. [PMID: 33982569 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metamaterials display many electromagnetic properties, such as the manipulation of electromagnetic waves through the arrangement of small discrete structures. However, complex designs of mechanically or electrically patterned structures are required to modify these properties. We report on the use of rare earth orthoferrites to tune transmitted waves by engineering the thickness, composition, and temperature using terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy. The modeling of the process of manipulating the transmitted waves helps to elucidate the manipulated amplitude, transmittance, peak height, and frequency. The effectiveness of thickness engineering in tuning the transmitted waves, which conformed to the Beer-Lambert law, was demonstrated. The transmitted waves were also strongly affected by doping. In addition, a thermal anisotropic energy manipulation approach to tuning transmitted waves was developed by lowering the temperature. Rare earth orthoferrites are a kind of effective medium in the THz range and exhibit the signature of natural metamaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxi Zeng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Ji Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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17
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Ashida Y, İmamoğlu A, Demler E. Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics at Arbitrary Light-Matter Coupling Strengths. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:153603. [PMID: 33929218 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.153603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quantum light-matter systems at strong coupling are notoriously challenging to analyze due to the need to include states with many excitations in every coupled mode. We propose a nonperturbative approach to analyze light-matter correlations at all interaction strengths. The key element of our approach is a unitary transformation that achieves asymptotic decoupling of light and matter degrees of freedom in the limit where light-matter interaction becomes the dominant energy scale. In the transformed frame, truncation of the matter or photon Hilbert space is increasingly well justified at larger coupling, enabling one to systematically derive low-energy effective models, such as tight-binding Hamiltonians. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach by applying it to concrete models relevant to electrons in crystal potential and electric dipoles interacting with a cavity mode. A generalization to the case of spatially varying electromagnetic modes is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Ashida
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Institute for Physics of Intelligence, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ataç İmamoğlu
- Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eugene Demler
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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18
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Baydin A, Makihara T, Peraca NM, Kono J. Time-domain terahertz spectroscopy in high magnetic fields. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2021; 14:110-129. [PMID: 36637783 PMCID: PMC9743882 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-020-1101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There are a variety of elementary and collective terahertz-frequency excitations in condensed matter whose magnetic field dependence contains significant insight into the states and dynamics of the electrons involved. Often, determining the frequency, temperature, and magnetic field dependence of the optical conductivity tensor, especially in high magnetic fields, can clarify the microscopic physics behind complex many-body behaviors of solids. While there are advanced terahertz spectroscopy techniques as well as high magnetic field generation techniques available, a combination of the two has only been realized relatively recently. Here, we review the current state of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) experiments in high magnetic fields. We start with an overview of time-domain terahertz detection schemes with a special focus on how they have been incorporated into optically accessible high-field magnets. Advantages and disadvantages of different types of magnets in performing THz-TDS experiments are also discussed. Finally, we highlight some of the new fascinating physical phenomena that have been revealed by THz-TDS in high magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Baydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 70005, USA.
| | - Takuma Makihara
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | | | - Junichiro Kono
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 70005, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA.
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19
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Alsowayigh MM, Timco GA, Borilovic I, Alanazi A, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Whitehead GFS, McNaughter PD, Tuna F, O'Brien P, Winpenny REP, Lewis DJ, Collison D. Heterometallic 3d-4f Complexes as Air-Stable Molecular Precursors in Low Temperature Syntheses of Stoichiometric Rare-Earth Orthoferrite Powders. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15796-15806. [PMID: 33044071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Four 3d-4f hetero-polymetallic complexes [Fe2Ln2((OCH2)3CR)2(O2CtBu)6(H2O)4] (where Ln = La (1 and 2) and Gd (3 and 4); and R = Me (1 and 3) and Et (2 and 4)) are synthesized and analyzed using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and SQUID magnetometry. Crystal structures are obtained for both methyl derivatives and show that the complexes are isostructural and adopt a defective dicubane topology. The four heavy metals are connected with two alkoxide bridges. These four precursors are used as single-source precursors to prepare rare-earth orthoferrite pervoskites of the form LnFeO3. Thermal decomposition in a ceramic boat in a tube furnace gives orthorhombic LnFeO3 powders using optimized temperatures and decomposition times: LaFeO3 formed at 650 °C over 30 min, whereas GdFeO3 formed at 750 °C over 18 h. These materials are structurally characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray map spectroscopy, and SQUID magnetometry. EDX spectroscopy mapping reveals a homogeneous spatial distribution of elements for all four materials consistent with LnFeO3. Magnetic measurements on complexes 1-4 confirm the presence of weak antiferromagnetic coupling between the central Fe(III) ions of the clusters and negligible ferromagnetic interaction with peripheral Gd(III) ions in 3 and 4. Zero-field-cooled and field-cooled measurements of magnetization of LaFeO3 and GdFeO3 in the solid-state suggest that both materials are ferromagnetic, and both materials show open magnetic hysteresis loops at 5 and 300 K, with Msat higher than previously reported for these nanomaterials. We conclude that this is a new and facile low temperature route to these important magnetic materials that is potentially universal, limited only by what metals can be programmed into the precursor complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwah M Alsowayigh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom.,Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudia Arabia
| | - Grigore A Timco
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Ivana Borilovic
- Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulaziz Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Inigo J Vitorica-Yrezabal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - George F S Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D McNaughter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Floriana Tuna
- Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Paul O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom.,Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Richard E P Winpenny
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David J Lewis
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David Collison
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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20
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Sharma P, Fan J, Kumar A, Yogi A, Chai Y, Ren W, Cao S, Wang C, Ma C, Tong W, Perov N, Yang H. Spin reorientation transition and spin dynamics study of perovskite orthoferrite TmFeO 3 detected by electron paramagnetic resonance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:21403-21411. [PMID: 32940304 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00918k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The temperature-dependent spin-reorientation transition (SRT) and spin interaction mechanism of bulk TmFeO3 were studied by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method. The combined experimental results of magnetic curves and EPR spectra confirmed that there is an antiferromagnetic transition at 85 K with a reentering ferromagnetic state due to the spin-reorientation behavior. In the high-temperature region of T > 90 K, there are three distinct resonance peaks in the EPR spectrum, which indicates the presence of multiple magnetic phases (canted antiferromagnetic, weak ferromagnetic, and paramagnetic phases). In the low-temperature region (T < 85 K), the temperature dependence of the EPR linewidth, effective g-factor, and intensity can be used to infer a strong spin-lattice correlation. Different magnetic interactions such as Fe3+-Fe3+, Fe3+-Tm3+, and Tm3+-Tm3+ lead to a paramagnetic-canted antiferromagnetic phase at T > 85 K, with SRT between 85-65 K and ferromagnetic interaction at the lower temperature, respectively. Above 90 K, we find that the spin relaxation mechanism is determined by the mixture of spin-spin and spin-lattice interactions. Below 85 K, the transverse relaxation rate increases with the decrease in temperature, which is consistent with the weakening of the fluctuating internal field in this temperature region. This EPR detection provides a new method to clarify the strong spin coupling in antiferromagnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorva Sharma
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
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21
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Zhang W, Maldonado P, Jin Z, Seifert TS, Arabski J, Schmerber G, Beaurepaire E, Bonn M, Kampfrath T, Oppeneer PM, Turchinovich D. Ultrafast terahertz magnetometry. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4247. [PMID: 32843645 PMCID: PMC7447779 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17935-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A material's magnetic state and its dynamics are of great fundamental research interest and are also at the core of a wide plethora of modern technologies. However, reliable access to magnetization dynamics in materials and devices on the technologically relevant ultrafast timescale, and under realistic device-operation conditions, remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate a method of ultrafast terahertz (THz) magnetometry, which gives direct access to the (sub-)picosecond magnetization dynamics even in encapsulated materials or devices in a contact-free fashion, in a fully calibrated manner, and under ambient conditions. As a showcase for this powerful method, we measure the ultrafast magnetization dynamics in a laser-excited encapsulated iron film. Our measurements reveal and disentangle distinct contributions originating from (i) incoherent hot-magnon-driven magnetization quenching and (ii) coherent acoustically-driven modulation of the exchange interaction in iron, paving the way to technologies utilizing ultrafast heat-free control of magnetism. High sensitivity and relative ease of experimental arrangement highlight the promise of ultrafast THz magnetometry for both fundamental studies and the technological applications of magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhang
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pablo Maldonado
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zuanming Jin
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, JunGong Road 516, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Tom S Seifert
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Hönggerbergring 64, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacek Arabski
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (UMR 7504), 23 rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Guy Schmerber
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (UMR 7504), 23 rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Eric Beaurepaire
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (UMR 7504), 23 rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Kampfrath
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter M Oppeneer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.,Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmitry Turchinovich
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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22
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Guo J, Cheng L, Ren Z, Zhang W, Lin X, Jin Z, Cao S, Sheng Z, Ma G. Magnetic field tuning of spin resonance in TmFeO 3 single crystal probed with THz transient. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:185401. [PMID: 31952053 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab6d0f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
TmFeO3, a canted antiferromagnet, has two intrinsic spin resonance modes in the terahertz (THz) frequency regime: quasi-ferromagnetic (q-FM) mode and quasi-antiferromagnetic (q-AFM) mode. Both the q-FM and q-AFM modes show strong magnetic field and temperature dependence. Hereby, by employing THz time-domain spectroscopy combined with external magnetic field and low temperature system, we systematically investigated the magnetic field induced frequency shift of q-FM and q-AFM modes as well as the temperature driven spin reorientation phase transition in TmFeO3 single crystal. In contrast to the isotropic temperature dependent two-mode, the magnetic field dependence of two-mode is strongly anisotropic: the magnetic field applied along c-axis (a-axis) can harden (soften) the spin resonance frequency of q-FM mode for Γ4 phase of TmFeO3, and the field applied along b-axis shows negligible frequency shift for the q-FM mode, with the q-AFM mode relatively stable. The present study provides solid evidence that the magnetic anisotropy in rare earth orthoferrite plays a dominant role in the q-FM mode and the occurrence of spin reorientation phase transition. With the magnetic anisotropic energy obtained from the temperature dependent q-FM and q-AFM mode frequencies, we can predict both magnetic field and temperature dependence of spin resonance in TmFeO3 single crystal via phenomenological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Guo
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
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23
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Jie Q, Zhang K, Lai CW, Hsu FK, Zhang W, Luo S, Lee YS, Lin SD, Chen Z, Xie W. Room-Temperature Macroscopic Coherence of Two Electron-Hole Plasmas in a Microcavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:157402. [PMID: 32357015 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.157402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Macroscopic coherence of Bose condensates is a fundamental and practical phenomenon in many-body systems, such as the long-range correlation of exciton-polariton condensates with a dipole density typically below the exciton Mott-transition limit. Here we extend the macroscopic coherence of electron-hole-photon interacting systems to a new region in the phase diagram-the high-density plasma region, where long-range correlation is generally assumed to be broken due to the rapid dephasing. Nonetheless, a cooperative state of electron-hole plasma does emerge through the sharing of the superfluorescence field in an optical microcavity. In addition to the in situ coherence of e-h plasma, a long-range correlation is formed between two 8-μm-spaced plasma ensembles even at room temperature. Quantized and self-modulated correlation modes are generated for e-h ensembles in the plasma region. By controlling the distance between the two ensembles, multiple coupling regimes are revealed, from strong correlation to perturbative phase correlation and finally to an incoherent classical case, which has potential implications for tunable and high-temperature-compatible quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Keye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chih-Wei Lai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Feng-Kuo Hsu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Weiping Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, and Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Song Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi-Shan Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Di Lin
- Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Zhanghai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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Cooperative excitonic quantum ensemble in perovskite-assembly superlattice microcavities. Nat Commun 2020; 11:329. [PMID: 31949149 PMCID: PMC6965136 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14078-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Perovskites—compounds with the CaTiO3-type crystal structure—show outstanding performance in photovoltaics and multiparameter optical emitters due to their large oscillator strength, strong solar absorption, and excellent charge-transport properties. However, the ability to realize and control many-body quantum states in perovskites, which would extend their application from classical optoelectronic materials to ultrafast quantum operation, remains an open research topic. Here, we generate a cooperative quantum state of excitons in a quantum dot ensemble based on a lead halide perovskite, and we control the ultrafast radiation of excitonic quantum ensembles by introducing optical microcavites. The stimulated radiation of excitonic quantum ensemble in a superlattice microcavity is demonstrated to not be limited by the classical population-inversion condition, leading to a picosecond radiative duration time to dissipate all of the in-phase dipoles. Such a perovskite-assembly superlattice microcavity with a tunable radiation rate promises potential applications in ultrafast, photoelectric-compatible quantum processors. The realization and control many-body quantum states in perovskites would extend their application to ultrafast quantum operation. Here, the authors generate a cooperative quantum state of excitons in a lead halide perovskite quantum dot ensemble and control the ultrafast radiation through optical microcavites.
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Sharma P, Yogi A, Kumar A, Li R, Sharma G, Fan J, Sathe V, Li Q, Ren W, Cao S. Spin-lattice correlation in Eu 3+ doped antiferromagnet TmFeO 3. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19181-19191. [PMID: 31433409 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02770j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the physical properties of Eu-doped bulk TmFeO3 through X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility (χ), Raman scattering and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) study, which shows a similar orthorhombic structure with the Pbnm space group as TmFeO3. Magnetic measurement on Eu-doped TmFeO3 provides evidence for spin reorientations of Fe3+. Further, the Raman spectra of Eu3+ doped TmFeO3 show significant changes in Raman modes as a function of temperature, which are evidence for strong spin-lattice interaction. From the XAS spectra, the L-edge of Fe provides information on the valence state of Fe, whereas the K-edge of oxygen shows that the compound has a strong influence on the hybridization of the O(2p) state with the 3d states of Fe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorva Sharma
- Department of Physics, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Systems, Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai, 200444, China. and Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Arvind Yogi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstr. 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ashwini Kumar
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211189, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Rubin Li
- Department of Physics, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Systems, Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Devi Ahilya University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, India
| | - Jiyu Fan
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - V Sathe
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Devi Ahilya University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, India
| | - Qi Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Physics, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Systems, Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Shixun Cao
- Department of Physics, International Center for Quantum and Molecular Systems, Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Xu Y, Pu H. Emergent Universality in a Quantum Tricritical Dicke Model. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:193201. [PMID: 31144953 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.193201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We propose a generalized Dicke model that supports a quantum tricritical point. We map out the phase diagram and investigate the critical behavior of the model through an exact low-energy effective Hamiltonian in the thermodynamic limit. As predicted by the Landau theory of phase transition, the order parameter shows nonuniversality at the tricritical point. Nevertheless, as a result of the separation of the classical and the quantum degrees of freedom, we find a universal relation between the excitation gap and the entanglement entropy for the entire critical line including the tricritical point. Here the universality is carried by the emergent quantum modes, whereas the order parameter is determined classically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjiang Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA
| | - Han Pu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA
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