1
|
Dickopf S, Sikora B, Kaiser A, Müller M, Ulmer S, Yerokhin VA, Harman Z, Keitel CH, Mooser A, Blaum K. Precision spectroscopy on 9Be overcomes limitations from nuclear structure. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07795-1. [PMID: 39143212 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07795-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Many powerful tests of the standard model of particle physics and searches for new physics with precision atomic spectroscopy are hindered by our lack of knowledge of nuclear properties. Ideally, these properties may be derived from precise measurements of the most sensitive and theoretically best-understood observables, often found in hydrogen-like systems. Although these measurements are abundant for the electric properties of nuclei, they are scarce for the magnetic properties, and precise experimental results are limited to the lightest of nuclei1-4. Here we focus on 9Be, which offers the unique possibility to use comparisons between different charge states available for high-precision spectroscopy in Penning traps to test theoretical calculations typically obscured by nuclear structure. In particular, we perform high-precision spectroscopy of the 1s hyperfine and Zeeman structure in hydrogen-like 9Be3+. We determine the effective Zemach radius with an uncertainty of 500 ppm, and the bare nuclear magnetic moment with an uncertainty of 0.6 parts per billion- uncertainties unmatched beyond hydrogen. Moreover, we compare our measurements with the measurements conducted on the three-electron charge state 9Be+ (ref. 5), which enables testing the calculation of multi-electron diamagnetic shielding effects of the nuclear magnetic moment at the parts per billion level. Furthermore, we test the quantum electrodynamics methods used for the calculation of the hyperfine splitting. Our results serve as a crucial benchmark for transferring high-precision results of nuclear magnetic properties across different electronic configurations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Dickopf
- Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Bastian Sikora
- Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Marius Müller
- Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Ulmer
- Institute for Experimental Physics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Ulmer Fundamental Symmetries Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Zoltán Harman
- Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Mooser
- Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Blaum
- Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Djukanovic D, von Hippel G, Meyer HB, Ottnad K, Salg M, Wittig H. Precision Calculation of the Electromagnetic Radii of the Proton and Neutron from Lattice QCD. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:211901. [PMID: 38856276 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.211901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
We present lattice-QCD results for the electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron including both quark-connected and -disconnected contributions. The parametrization of the Q^{2} dependence of the form factors is combined with the extrapolation to the physical point. In this way, we determine the electric and magnetic radii and the magnetic moments of the proton and neutron. For the proton, we obtain at the physical pion mass and in the continuum and infinite-volume limit sqrt[⟨r_{E}^{2}⟩^{p}]=0.820(14) fm, sqrt[⟨r_{M}^{2}⟩^{p}]=0.8111(89) fm, and μ_{M}^{p}=2.739(66), where the errors include all systematics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalibor Djukanovic
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Georg von Hippel
- PRISMA Cluster of Excellence and Institute for Nuclear Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Harvey B Meyer
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- PRISMA Cluster of Excellence and Institute for Nuclear Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Konstantin Ottnad
- PRISMA Cluster of Excellence and Institute for Nuclear Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Miguel Salg
- PRISMA Cluster of Excellence and Institute for Nuclear Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hartmut Wittig
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- PRISMA Cluster of Excellence and Institute for Nuclear Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Scheidegger S, Merkt F. Precision-Spectroscopic Determination of the Binding Energy of a Two-Body Quantum System: The Hydrogen Atom and the Proton-Size Puzzle. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:113001. [PMID: 38563947 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.113001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Precision measurements in Rydberg states of H with principal quantum number n in the range between 20 and 30 are reported. In the presence of homogeneous electric fields with strengths below 2 V cm^{-1}, these Rydberg states are subject to a linear Stark effect with accurately calculable Stark shifts. From the spectral positions of field-independent and field-dependent Rydberg-Stark states, we derive the n=20 and 24 Bohr energies, and the ionization energy with respect to the 2 ^{2}S_{1/2}(f=0,1) [short 2S(0,1)] metastable states. Combining these results with the 2S(1)-1S(1) transition frequency [C. G. Parthey et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 203001 (2011)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.107.203001; A. Matveev et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 230801 (2013)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.110.230801] and the 1S hyperfine splitting [L. Essen et al., Nature (London) 229, 110 (1971)NATUAS0028-083610.1038/229110a0], we determine the ionization frequency of the 1S(0) ground state to be 3 288 087 922 407.2(3.7)_{stat}(1.8)_{syst} kHz, which is the most precise value ever determined for the binding energy of a two-body quantum system. Using the 2S(0)-2P_{1/2}(1) interval [N. Bezginov et al., Science 365, 1007 (2019)SCIEAS0036-807510.1126/science.aau7807], we determine the Rydberg frequency to be cR_{∞}=3 289 841 960 204(15)_{stat}(7)_{syst}(13)_{2S-2P} kHz in a procedure that is insensitive to the value of the proton charge radius. These new results are discussed in the context of the proton-size puzzle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Scheidegger
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Quantum Center, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Merkt
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Quantum Center, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Imgram P, König K, Maaß B, Müller P, Nörtershäuser W. Collinear Laser Spectroscopy of 2 ^{3}S_{1}→2 ^{3}P_{J} Transitions in Helium-like ^{12}C^{4+}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:243001. [PMID: 38181159 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.243001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Transition frequencies and fine-structure splittings of the 2 ^{3}S_{1}→2 ^{3}P_{J} transitions in helium-like ^{12}C^{4+} were measured by collinear laser spectroscopy on a 1-ppb level. Accuracy is increased by more than 3 orders of magnitude with respect to previous measurements, enabling tests of recent nonrelativistic (NR) QED calculations including terms up to mα^{7}. Deviations between the theoretical and experimental values are within theoretical uncertainties and are ascribed to mα^{8} and higher-order contributions in the series expansion of the NR QED calculations. Finally, prospects for an all-optical charge radius determination of light isotopes are evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Imgram
- Institut für Kernphysik, Departement of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K König
- Institut für Kernphysik, Departement of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Research Academy Hesse for FAIR, Campus Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Maaß
- Institut für Kernphysik, Departement of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P Müller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Departement of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - W Nörtershäuser
- Institut für Kernphysik, Departement of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Research Academy Hesse for FAIR, Campus Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sheldon RE, Babij TJ, Reeder SH, Hogan SD, Cassidy DB. Precision Microwave Spectroscopy of the Positronium 2 ^{3}S_{1}→2 ^{3}P_{2} Interval. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:043001. [PMID: 37566860 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.043001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the results of a new measurement of the positronium 2 ^{3}S_{1}→2 ^{3}P_{2} (ν_{2}) interval. Using a modified experimental arrangement we have significantly reduced the effects of microwave reflections, which in previous experiments resulted in shifts and asymmetric line shapes. With the improved apparatus we obtain an experimental value of ν_{2}=8627.94±0.95 MHz, which is within 1.3σ of the theoretical value 8626.71±0.08 MHz.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E Sheldon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - T J Babij
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S H Reeder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S D Hogan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D B Cassidy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bullis RG, Rasor C, Tavis WL, Johnson SA, Weiss MR, Yost DC. Ramsey Spectroscopy of the 2S_{1/2} Hyperfine Interval in Atomic Hydrogen. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:203001. [PMID: 37267576 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.203001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The 2S_{1/2} hyperfine interval in atomic hydrogen was measured using Ramsey spectroscopy with a thermal beam cooled to cryogenic temperatures. The measured value is 177 556 838.87(85) Hz, which represents the most precise determination of this interval to date. The 1S_{1/2} hyperfine interval f(1S_{1/2}) and the 2S_{1/2} hyperfine interval f(2S_{1/2}) can be combined to give the quantity D_{21}=8f(2S_{1/2})-f(1S_{1/2}), which mostly eliminates uncertainty due to nuclear structure effects and is well described by bound-state quantum electrodynamics. Using the value of f(2S_{1/2}) from this work gives a value of D_{21}^{expt}=48 959.2(6.8) Hz, which is in agreement with the theoretical value of D_{21}^{Theory}=48 954.1(2.3) Hz.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R G Bullis
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - C Rasor
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - W L Tavis
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - S A Johnson
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - M R Weiss
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - D C Yost
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Van Gorder RA. Compressed hydrogen atoms confined within generic boxes. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2022.0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ‘compressed hydrogen atom’ problem involves solving the Schrödinger equation for a hydrogen atom confined within an impenetrable (often, spherical) box, with the wave function vanishing on the boundary of this box. To better understand the role the structure of the box plays on the compressed hydrogen atom, we study the compressed hydrogen atom in boxes of myriad shapes and sizes, developing a theory for how the structure of a generic box influences the hydrogen ground state energy. Our theory predicts that the ground state energy increases with the first Dirichlet eigenvalue (which encodes information on both the shape and size of a box) of the box and decreases with the distance of the nucleus from the boundary of the box. This theoretical prediction is supported by numerical simulations and variational approximations. Consideration is also given to the problem of a shell-confined hydrogen atom, with the electron confined to a separate ‘cage’ away from the nucleus. The behaviour of the shell-confined hydrogen ground state is well-approximated by a perturbation theory we develop for generic cages. Our results provide a unified framework for understanding confined, high-pressure hydrogen with relevance to applications ranging from crystal lattices of hydrogen to metallic hydrogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Van Gorder
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Janka G, Ohayon B, Cortinovis I, Burkley Z, de Sousa Borges L, Depero E, Golovizin A, Ni X, Salman Z, Suter A, Prokscha T, Crivelli P. Measurement of the transition frequency from 2S 1/2, F = 0 to 2P 1/2, F = 1 states in Muonium. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7273. [PMID: 36433948 PMCID: PMC9700798 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Muons are puzzling physicists since their discovery when they were first thought to be the meson predicted by Yukawa to mediate the strong force. The recent result at Fermilab on the muon g-2 anomaly puts the muonic sector once more under the spotlight and calls for further measurements with this particle. Here, we present the results of the measurement of the 2S1/2, F = 0 → 2P1/2, F = 1 transition in Muonium. The measured value of 580.6(6.8) MHz is in agreement with the theoretical calculations. A value of the Lamb shift of 1045.5(6.8) MHz is extracted, compatible with previous experiments. We also determine the 2S hyperfine splitting in Muonium to be 559.6(7.2) MHz. The measured transition being isolated from the other hyperfine levels holds the promise to provide an improved determination of the Muonium Lamb shift at a level where bound state QED recoil corrections not accessible in hydrogen could be tested. This result would be sensitive to new physics in the muonic sector, e.g., to new bosons which might provide an explanation of the g-2 muon anomaly and allow to test Lorentz and CPT violation. We also present the observation of Muonium in the n = 3 excited state opening up the possibility of additional precise microwave measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Janka
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ben Ohayon
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Irene Cortinovis
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zak Burkley
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lucas de Sousa Borges
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Emilio Depero
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Artem Golovizin
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland ,grid.425806.d0000 0001 0656 6476P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, 53 Leninsky prospekt., Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Xiaojie Ni
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Zaher Salman
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Suter
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Prokscha
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Crivelli
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li R, Sparveris N, Atac H, Jones MK, Paolone M, Akbar Z, Gayoso CA, Berdnikov V, Biswas D, Boer M, Camsonne A, Chen JP, Diefenthaler M, Duran B, Dutta D, Gaskell D, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Heinrich N, Henry W, Horn T, Huber GM, Jia S, Joosten S, Karki A, Kay SJD, Kumar V, Li X, Li WB, Liyanage AH, Malace S, Markowitz P, McCaughan M, Meziani ZE, Mkrtchyan H, Morean C, Muhoza M, Narayan A, Pasquini B, Rehfuss M, Sawatzky B, Smith GR, Smith A, Trotta R, Yero C, Zheng X, Zhou J. Measured proton electromagnetic structure deviates from theoretical predictions. Nature 2022; 611:265-270. [PMID: 36261531 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The visible world is founded on the proton, the only composite building block of matter that is stable in nature. Consequently, understanding the formation of matter relies on explaining the dynamics and the properties of the proton's bound state. A fundamental property of the proton involves the response of the system to an external electromagnetic field. It is characterized by the electromagnetic polarizabilities1 that describe how easily the charge and magnetization distributions inside the system are distorted by the electromagnetic field. Moreover, the generalized polarizabilities2 map out the resulting deformation of the densities in a proton subject to an electromagnetic field. They disclose essential information about the underlying system dynamics and provide a key for decoding the proton structure in terms of the theory of the strong interaction that binds its elementary quark and gluon constituents. Of particular interest is a puzzle in the electric generalized polarizability of the proton that remains unresolved for two decades2. Here we report measurements of the proton's electromagnetic generalized polarizabilities at low four-momentum transfer squared. We show evidence of an anomaly to the behaviour of the proton's electric generalized polarizability that contradicts the predictions of nuclear theory and derive its signature in the spatial distribution of the induced polarization in the proton. The reported measurements suggest the presence of a new, not-yet-understood dynamical mechanism in the proton and present notable challenges to the nuclear theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M K Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - M Paolone
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - V Berdnikov
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA.,Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - M Boer
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - M Diefenthaler
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D Dutta
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | | | - N Heinrich
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - W Henry
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - S Jia
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - A Karki
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - S J D Kay
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - V Kumar
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - X Li
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - W B Li
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
| | | | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, University Park, FL, USA
| | - M McCaughan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - Z-E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - H Mkrtchyan
- Artem Alikhanian National Laboratory, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C Morean
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - M Muhoza
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - A Narayan
- Veer Kunwar Singh University, Arrah, India
| | - B Pasquini
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Pavia, Italy
| | - M Rehfuss
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - A Smith
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - R Trotta
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, University Park, FL, USA
| | - X Zheng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - J Zhou
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fu Y, Feng X, Jin LC, Lu CF. Lattice QCD Calculation of the Two-Photon Exchange Contribution to the Muonic-Hydrogen Lamb Shift. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:172002. [PMID: 35570428 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.172002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We develop a method for lattice QCD calculation of the two-photon exchange contribution to the muonic-hydrogen Lamb shift. To demonstrate its feasibility, we present the first lattice calculation with a gauge ensemble at m_{π}=142 MeV. By adopting the infinite-volume reconstruction method along with an optimized subtraction scheme, we obtain with statistical uncertainty ΔE_{TPE}=-28.9(4.9) μeV+93.72 μeV/fm^{2}·⟨r_{p}^{2}⟩, or ΔE_{TPE}=37.4(4.9) μeV, which is consistent with the previous theoretical results in a range of 20-50 μeV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fu
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xu Feng
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lu-Chang Jin
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 510, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Chen-Fei Lu
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Janka G, Ohayon B, Crivelli P. Muonium Lamb shift: theory update and experimental prospects. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202226201001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the theory of the Lamb shift for muonium, provide an updated numerical value and present the prospects of the Mu-MASS collaboration at PSI to improve upon their recent measurement. Due to its smaller nuclear mass, the contributions of the higher-order recoil corrections (160 kHz level) and nucleus self-energy (40 kHz level) are enhanced for muonium compared to hydrogen where those are below the level of the latest measurement performed by Hessels et al. and thus could not be tested yet. The ongoing upgrades to the Mu-MASS setup will open up the possibility to probe these contributions and improve the sensitivity of this measurement to searches for new physics in the muonic sector.
Collapse
|
12
|
Henson BM, Ross JA, Thomas KF, Kuhn CN, Shin DK, Hodgman SS, Zhang YH, Tang LY, Drake GWF, Bondy AT, Truscott AG, Baldwin KGH. Measurement of a helium tune-out frequency: an independent test of quantum electrodynamics. Science 2022; 376:199-203. [PMID: 35389780 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk2502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Despite quantum electrodynamics (QED) being one of the most stringently tested theories underpinning modern physics, recent precision atomic spectroscopy measurements have uncovered several small discrepancies between experiment and theory. One particularly powerful experimental observable that tests QED independently of traditional energy level measurements is the "tune-out" frequency, where the dynamic polarizability vanishes and the atom does not interact with applied laser light. In this work, we measure the tune-out frequency for the 23S1 state of helium between transitions to the 23P and 33P manifolds and compare it with new theoretical QED calculations. The experimentally determined value of 725,736,700(260) megahertz differs from theory [725,736,252(9) megahertz] by 1.7 times the measurement uncertainty and resolves both the QED contributions and retardation corrections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B M Henson
- Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - J A Ross
- Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - K F Thomas
- Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - C N Kuhn
- Centre for Quantum and Optical Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - D K Shin
- Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - S S Hodgman
- Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yong-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - G W F Drake
- Department of Physics, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - A T Bondy
- Department of Physics, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - A G Truscott
- Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - K G H Baldwin
- Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lin YH, Hammer HW, Meißner UG. New Insights into the Nucleon's Electromagnetic Structure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:052002. [PMID: 35179940 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.052002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a combined analysis of the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon in the space- and timelike regions using dispersion theory. Our framework provides a consistent description of the experimental data over the full range of momentum transfer, in line with the strictures from analyticity and unitarity. The statistical uncertainties of the extracted form factors are estimated using the bootstrap method, while systematic errors are determined from variations of the spectral functions. We also perform a high-precision extraction of the nucleon radii and find good agreement with previous analyses of spacelike data alone. For the proton charge radius, we find r_{E}^{p}=0.840_{-0.002}^{+0.003} _{-0.002}^{+0.002} fm, where the first error is statistical and the second one is systematic. The Zemach radius and third moment are in agreement with Lamb shift measurements and hyperfine splittings. The combined dataset of space- and timelike data disfavors a zero crossing of μ_{p}G_{E}^{p}/G_{M}^{p} in the spacelike region. Finally, we discuss the status and perspectives of modulus and phase of the form factors in the timelike region in the context of future experiments, as well as the onset of perturbative QCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hui Lin
- Helmholtz Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hans-Werner Hammer
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- Extreme Matter Institute EMMI and Helmholtz Forschungsakademie Hessen für FAIR (HFHF), GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ulf-G Meißner
- Helmholtz Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Simulation and Institut für Kernphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
- Tbilisi State University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Brandt AD, Cooper SF, Rasor C, Burkley Z, Matveev A, Yost DC. Measurement of the 2S_{1/2}-8D_{5/2} Transition in Hydrogen. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:023001. [PMID: 35089737 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.023001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a measurement of the hydrogen 2S_{1/2}-8D_{5/2} transition performed with a cryogenic atomic beam. The measured resonance frequency is ν=770649561570.9(2.0) kHz, which corresponds to a relative uncertainty of 2.6×10^{-12}. Combining our result with the most recent measurement of the 1S-2S transition, we find a proton radius of r_{p}=0.8584(51) fm and a Rydberg constant of R_{∞}=10973731.568332(52) m^{-1}. This result has a combined 3.1σ disagreement with the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) 2018 recommended value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A D Brandt
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - S F Cooper
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - C Rasor
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Z Burkley
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - A Matveev
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Moscow 143025, Russia
| | - D C Yost
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ohayon B, Janka G, Cortinovis I, Burkley Z, Borges LDS, Depero E, Golovizin A, Ni X, Salman Z, Suter A, Vigo C, Prokscha T, Crivelli P. Precision Measurement of the Lamb Shift in Muonium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:011802. [PMID: 35061492 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.011802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report a new measurement of the n=2 Lamb shift in Muonium. Our result of 1047.2(2.3)_{stat}(1.1)_{syst} MHz comprises an order of magnitude improvement upon the previous best measurement. This value matches the theoretical calculation within 1 standard deviation allowing us to set limits on Lorentz and CPT violation in the muonic sector, as well as on new physics coupled to muons and electrons which could provide an explanation of the muon g-2 anomaly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Ohayon
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - G Janka
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - I Cortinovis
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Z Burkley
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - L de Sousa Borges
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - E Depero
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Golovizin
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, 53 Leninsky prospekt., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - X Ni
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Z Salman
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - A Suter
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - C Vigo
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - T Prokscha
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - P Crivelli
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dianhydride-based polyimide as organic electrode materials for aqueous hydronium-ion battery. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
17
|
Delaunay C, Ohayon B, Soreq Y. Towards an Independent Determination of Muon g-2 from Muonium Spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:251801. [PMID: 35029437 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.251801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We show that muonium spectroscopy in the coming years can reach a precision high enough to determine the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon below one part per million (ppm). Such an independent determination of muon g-2 would certainly shed light on the ∼2 ppm difference currently observed between spin-precession measurements and (R-ratio based) standard model predictions. The magnetic dipole interaction between electrons and (anti)muons bound in muonium gives rise to a hyperfine splitting (HFS) of the ground state which is sensitive to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. A direct comparison of the muonium frequency measurements of the HFS at J-PARC and the 1S-2S transition at PSI with theory predictions will allow us to extract muon g-2 with high precision. Improving the accuracy of QED calculations of these transitions by about 1 order of magnitude is also required. Moreover, the good agreement between theory and experiment for the electron g-2 indicates that new physics interactions are unlikely to affect muonium spectroscopy down to the envisaged precision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Delaunay
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Théorique LAPTh, CNRS-USMB, BP 110 Annecy-le-Vieux, F-74941 Annecy, France
| | - Ben Ohayon
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yotam Soreq
- Physics Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Huang G, Baldini Ferroli R. Probing the internal structure of baryons. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 8:nwab187. [PMID: 34877001 PMCID: PMC8645064 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic form factors are fundamental observables that describe the electric and magnetic structure of hadrons and provide keys to understand the strong interaction. At the Beijing Spectrometer (BESIII), form factors have been measured for different baryons in the time-like region for the first time or with the best precision. The results are presented with examples focused on but not limited to the proton/neutron, the Λ, with a strange quark, and the Λ c , with a charm quark.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangshun Huang
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Rinaldo Baldini Ferroli
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tiesinga E, Mohr PJ, Newell DB, Taylor BN. CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2018. JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL REFERENCE DATA 2021; 50:033105. [PMID: 36726646 PMCID: PMC9888147 DOI: 10.1063/5.0064853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report the 2018 self-consistent values of constants and conversion factors of physics and chemistry recommended by the Committee on Data of the International Science Council. The recommended values can also be found at physics.nist.gov/constants. The values are based on a least-squares adjustment that takes into account all theoretical and experimental data available through 31 December 2018. A discussion of the major improvements as well as inconsistencies within the data is given. The former include a decrease in the uncertainty of the dimensionless fine-structure constant and a nearly two orders of magnitude improvement of particle masses expressed in units of kg due to the transition to the revised International System of Units (SI) with an exact value for the Planck constant. Further, because the elementary charge, Boltzmann constant, and Avogadro constant also have exact values in the revised SI, many other constants are either exact or have significantly reduced uncertainties. Inconsistencies remain for the gravitational constant and the muon magnetic-moment anomaly. The proton charge radius puzzle has been partially resolved by improved measurements of hydrogen energy levels.
Collapse
|
20
|
Cui ZF, Binosi D, Roberts CD, Schmidt SM. Fresh Extraction of the Proton Charge Radius from Electron Scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:092001. [PMID: 34506174 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.092001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel method for extracting the proton radius from elastic electron-proton (ep) scattering data. The approach is based on interpolation via continued fractions augmented by statistical sampling and avoids any assumptions on the form of function used for the representation of data and subsequent extrapolation onto Q^{2}≃0. Applying the method to extant modern ep datasets, we find that all results are mutually consistent and, combining them, we arrive at r_{p}=0.847(8) fm. This result compares favorably with values obtained from contemporary measurements of the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen, transitions in electronic hydrogen, and muonic deuterium spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Fang Cui
- School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
- Institute for Nonperturbative Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Daniele Binosi
- European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas, Villa Tambosi, Strada delle Tabarelle 286, I-38123 Villazzano (TN), Italy
| | - Craig D Roberts
- School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
- Institute for Nonperturbative Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Sebastian M Schmidt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden D-01314, Germany
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut B, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Clausen G, Jansen P, Scheidegger S, Agner JA, Schmutz H, Merkt F. Ionization Energy of the Metastable 2 ^{1}S_{0} State of ^{4}He from Rydberg-Series Extrapolation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:093001. [PMID: 34506206 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.093001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In a recent breakthrough in first-principles calculations of two-electron systems, Patkóś, Yerokhin, and Pachucki [Phys. Rev. A 103, 042809 (2021)PLRAAN2469-992610.1103/PhysRevA.103.042809] have performed the first complete calculation of the Lamb shift of the helium 2 ^{3}S_{1} and 2 ^{3}P_{J} triplet states up to the term in α^{7}m. Whereas their theoretical result of the frequency of the 2 ^{3}P←2 ^{3}S transition perfectly agrees with the experimental value, a more than 10σ discrepancy was identified for the 3 ^{3}D←2 ^{3}S and 3 ^{3}D←2 ^{3}P transitions, which hinders the determination of the He^{2+} charge radius from atomic spectroscopy. We present here a new measurement of the ionization energy of the 2 ^{1}S_{0} state of He [960 332 040.491(32) MHz] which we use in combination with the 2 ^{3}S_{1}←2 ^{1}S_{0} interval measured by Rengelink et al. [Nat. Phys. 14, 1132 (2018).NPAHAX1745-247310.1038/s41567-018-0242-5] and the 2 ^{3}P←2 ^{3}S_{1} interval measured by Zheng et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 263002 (2017)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.119.263002] and Cancio Pastor et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 023001 (2004)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.92.023001] to derive experimental ionization energies of the 2 ^{3}S_{1} state [1152 842 742.640(32) MHz] and the 2 ^{3}P centroid energy [876 106 247.025(39) MHz]. These values reveal disagreements with the α^{7}m Lamb shift prediction by 6.5σ and 10σ, respectively, and support the suggestion by Patkóš et al. of an unknown theoretical contribution to the Lamb shifts of the 2 ^{3}S and 2 ^{3}P states of He.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Clausen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul Jansen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Scheidegger
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Josef A Agner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hansjürg Schmutz
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Merkt
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Geng C, Sun T, Wang Z, Wu JM, Gu YJ, Kobayashi H, Yang P, Hai J, Wen W. Surface-Induced Desolvation of Hydronium Ion Enables Anatase TiO 2 as an Efficient Anode for Proton Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:7021-7029. [PMID: 34369781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen ion is an attractive charge carrier for energy storage due to its smallest radius. However, hydrogen ions usually exist in the form of hydronium ion (H3O+) because of its high dehydration energy; the choice of electrode materials is thus greatly limited to open frameworks and layered structures with large ionic channels. Here, the desolvation of H3O+ is achieved by using anatase TiO2 as anodes, enabling the H+ intercalation with a strain-free characteristic. Density functional theory calculations show that the desolvation effects are dependent on the facets of anatase TiO2. Anatase TiO2 (001) surface, a highly reactive surface, impels the desolvation of H3O+ into H+. When coupled with a MnO2 cathode, the proton battery delivers a high specific energy of 143.2 Wh/kg at an ultrahigh specific power of 47.9 kW/kg. The modulation of the interactions between ions and electrodes opens new perspectives for battery optimizations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Geng
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tulai Sun
- Center for Electron Microscopy, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zhencui Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jin-Ming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yi-Jie Gu
- College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hisayoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Peng Yang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jianhang Hai
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wei Wen
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Affiliation(s)
- Maarten D. Hoogerland
- Department of Physics, Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Paul N, Bian G, Azuma T, Okada S, Indelicato P. Testing Quantum Electrodynamics with Exotic Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:173001. [PMID: 33988393 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.173001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Precision study of few-electron, high-Z ions is a privileged field for probing high-field, bound-state quantum electrodynamics (BSQED). However, the accuracy of such tests is plagued by nuclear uncertainties, which are often larger than the BSQED effects under investigation. We propose an alternative method with exotic atoms and show that transitions may be found between circular Rydberg states where nuclear contributions are vanishing while BSQED effects remain large. When probed with newly available quantum sensing detectors, these systems offer gains in sensitivity of 1 to 2 orders of magnitude, while the mean electric field largely exceeds the Schwinger limit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Paul
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Case 74; 4, place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Guojie Bian
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Case 74; 4, place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, 100088 Beijing, China
| | - Toshiyuki Azuma
- Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shinji Okada
- Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Paul Indelicato
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Case 74; 4, place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Katz O, Shaham R, Firstenberg O. Coupling light to a nuclear spin gas with a two-photon linewidth of five millihertz. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe9164. [PMID: 33811073 PMCID: PMC11057697 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe9164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear spins of noble gases feature extremely long coherence times but are inaccessible to optical photons. Here, we realize a coherent interface between light and noble-gas spins that is mediated by alkali atoms. We demonstrate the optical excitation of the noble-gas spins and observe the coherent back action on the light in the form of high-contrast two-photon spectra. We report on a record two-photon linewidth of 5 ± 0.7 mHz above room temperature, corresponding to a 1-min coherence time. This experiment provides a demonstration of coherent bidirectional coupling between light and noble-gas spins, rendering their long-lived spin coherence accessible for manipulations in the optical domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Or Katz
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
- Rafael Ltd, IL-31021 Haifa, Israel
| | - Roy Shaham
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
- Rafael Ltd, IL-31021 Haifa, Israel
| | - Ofer Firstenberg
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tiesinga E, Mohr PJ, Newell DB, Taylor BN. CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2018. REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS 2021; 93:025010. [PMID: 36733295 PMCID: PMC9890581 DOI: 10.1103/revmodphys.93.025010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the 2018 self-consistent values of constants and conversion factors of physics and chemistry recommended by the Committee on Data of the International Science Council (CODATA). The recommended values can also be found at physics.nist.gov/constants. The values are based on a least-squares adjustment that takes into account all theoretical and experimental data available through 31 December 2018. A discussion of the major improvements as well as inconsistencies within the data is given. The former include a decrease in the uncertainty of the dimensionless fine-structure constant and a nearly two orders of magnitude improvement of particle masses expressed in units of kg due to the transition to the revised International System of Units (SI) with an exact value for the Planck constant. Further, because the elementary charge, Boltzmann constant, and Avogadro constant also have exact values in the revised SI, many other constants are either exact or have significantly reduced uncertainties. Inconsistencies remain for the gravitational constant and the muon magnetic-moment anomaly. The proton charge radius puzzle has been partially resolved by improved measurements of hydrogen energy levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eite Tiesinga
- Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Peter J. Mohr
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - David B. Newell
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Barry N. Taylor
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Spiechowicz J, Łuczka J. Energy of a free Brownian particle coupled to thermal vacuum. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4088. [PMID: 33603073 PMCID: PMC7893074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83617-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimentalists have come to temperatures very close to absolute zero at which physics that was once ordinary becomes extraordinary. In such a regime quantum effects and fluctuations start to play a dominant role. In this context we study the simplest open quantum system, namely, a free quantum Brownian particle coupled to thermal vacuum, i.e. thermostat in the limiting case of absolute zero temperature. We analyze the average energy \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$E=E(c)$$\end{document}E=E(c) of the particle from a weak to strong interaction strength c between the particle and thermal vacuum. The impact of various dissipation mechanisms is considered. In the weak coupling regime the energy tends to zero as \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$E(c) \sim c\, \ln {(1/c)}$$\end{document}E(c)∼cln(1/c) while in the strong coupling regime it diverges to infinity as \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$E(c) \sim \sqrt{c}$$\end{document}E(c)∼c. We demonstrate it for selected examples of the dissipation mechanisms defined by the memory kernel \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\gamma (t)$$\end{document}γ(t) of the Generalized Langevin Equation. We reveal how at a fixed value of c the energy E(c) depends on the dissipation model: one has to compare values of the derivative \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\gamma '(t)$$\end{document}γ′(t) of the dissipation function \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\gamma (t)$$\end{document}γ(t) at time \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$t=0$$\end{document}t=0 or at the memory time \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$t=\tau _c$$\end{document}t=τc which characterizes the degree of non-Markovianity of the Brownian particle dynamics. The impact of low temperature is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Spiechowicz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland
| | - J Łuczka
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Heller M, Keil N, Vanderhaeghen M. Leading-order QED radiative corrections to timelike Compton scattering on the proton. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.103.036009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
29
|
Krauth JJ, Schuhmann K, Ahmed MA, Amaro FD, Amaro P, Biraben F, Chen TL, Covita DS, Dax AJ, Diepold M, Fernandes LMP, Franke B, Galtier S, Gouvea AL, Götzfried J, Graf T, Hänsch TW, Hartmann J, Hildebrandt M, Indelicato P, Julien L, Kirch K, Knecht A, Liu YW, Machado J, Monteiro CMB, Mulhauser F, Naar B, Nebel T, Nez F, dos Santos JMF, Santos JP, Szabo CI, Taqqu D, Veloso JFCA, Vogelsang J, Voss A, Weichelt B, Pohl R, Antognini A, Kottmann F. Measuring the α-particle charge radius with muonic helium-4 ions. Nature 2021; 589:527-531. [PMID: 33505036 PMCID: PMC7914124 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The energy levels of hydrogen-like atomic systems can be calculated with great precision. Starting from their quantum mechanical solution, they have been refined over the years to include the electron spin, the relativistic and quantum field effects, and tiny energy shifts related to the complex structure of the nucleus. These energy shifts caused by the nuclear structure are vastly magnified in hydrogen-like systems formed by a negative muon and a nucleus, so spectroscopy of these muonic ions can be used to investigate the nuclear structure with high precision. Here we present the measurement of two 2S-2P transitions in the muonic helium-4 ion that yields a precise determination of the root-mean-square charge radius of the α particle of 1.67824(83) femtometres. This determination from atomic spectroscopy is in excellent agreement with the value from electron scattering1, but a factor of 4.8 more precise, providing a benchmark for few-nucleon theories, lattice quantum chromodynamics and electron scattering. This agreement also constrains several beyond-standard-model theories proposed to explain the proton-radius puzzle2-5, in line with recent determinations of the proton charge radius6-9, and establishes spectroscopy of light muonic atoms and ions as a precise tool for studies of nuclear properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian J. Krauth
- grid.450272.60000 0001 1011 8465Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany ,grid.5802.f0000 0001 1941 7111QUANTUM, Institut für Physik & Exzellenzcluster PRISMA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Present Address: LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karsten Schuhmann
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Marwan Abdou Ahmed
- grid.5719.a0000 0004 1936 9713Institut für Strahlwerkzeuge, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Fernando D. Amaro
- grid.8051.c0000 0000 9511 4342LIBPhys-UC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Amaro
- grid.10772.330000000121511713Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - François Biraben
- grid.462576.40000 0004 0368 5631Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Tzu-Ling Chen
- grid.38348.340000 0004 0532 0580Physics Department, National Tsing Hua University, Hsincho, Taiwan
| | - Daniel S. Covita
- grid.7311.40000000123236065i3N, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreas J. Dax
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Marc Diepold
- grid.450272.60000 0001 1011 8465Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany
| | - Luis M. P. Fernandes
- grid.8051.c0000 0000 9511 4342LIBPhys-UC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatrice Franke
- grid.450272.60000 0001 1011 8465Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany ,grid.232474.40000 0001 0705 9791Present Address: TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Sandrine Galtier
- grid.462576.40000 0004 0368 5631Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Paris, France ,grid.436142.60000 0004 0384 4911Present Address: Institut Lumière Matière, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Andrea L. Gouvea
- grid.8051.c0000 0000 9511 4342LIBPhys-UC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Johannes Götzfried
- grid.450272.60000 0001 1011 8465Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Graf
- grid.5719.a0000 0004 1936 9713Institut für Strahlwerkzeuge, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Theodor W. Hänsch
- grid.450272.60000 0001 1011 8465Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany ,grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XLudwig-Maximilians-Universität, Fakultät für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Hartmann
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XLudwig-Maximilians-Universität, Fakultät für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - Malte Hildebrandt
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Paul Indelicato
- grid.462576.40000 0004 0368 5631Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Lucile Julien
- grid.462576.40000 0004 0368 5631Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Klaus Kirch
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Knecht
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Yi-Wei Liu
- grid.38348.340000 0004 0532 0580Physics Department, National Tsing Hua University, Hsincho, Taiwan
| | - Jorge Machado
- grid.10772.330000000121511713Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Cristina M. B. Monteiro
- grid.8051.c0000 0000 9511 4342LIBPhys-UC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Françoise Mulhauser
- grid.450272.60000 0001 1011 8465Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany
| | - Boris Naar
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Nebel
- grid.450272.60000 0001 1011 8465Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany
| | - François Nez
- grid.462576.40000 0004 0368 5631Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Joaquim M. F. dos Santos
- grid.8051.c0000 0000 9511 4342LIBPhys-UC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Paulo Santos
- grid.10772.330000000121511713Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Csilla I. Szabo
- grid.462576.40000 0004 0368 5631Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Paris, France ,grid.421663.40000 0004 7432 9327Present Address: Theiss Research, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - David Taqqu
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - Jan Vogelsang
- grid.450272.60000 0001 1011 8465Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany ,grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Present Address: Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Voss
- grid.5719.a0000 0004 1936 9713Institut für Strahlwerkzeuge, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Birgit Weichelt
- grid.5719.a0000 0004 1936 9713Institut für Strahlwerkzeuge, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Randolf Pohl
- grid.450272.60000 0001 1011 8465Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany ,grid.5802.f0000 0001 1941 7111QUANTUM, Institut für Physik & Exzellenzcluster PRISMA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aldo Antognini
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Franz Kottmann
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sun YR, Hu SM. Precision spectroscopy of atomic helium. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 7:1818-1827. [PMID: 34691519 PMCID: PMC8288801 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helium is a prototype three-body system and has long been a model system for developing quantum mechanics theory and computational methods. The fine-structure splitting in the 23P state of helium is considered to be the most suitable for determining the fine-structure constant α in atoms. After more than 50 years of efforts by many theorists and experimentalists, we are now working toward a determination of α with an accuracy of a few parts per billion, which can be compared to the results obtained by entirely different methods to verify the self-consistency of quantum electrodynamics. Moreover, the precision spectroscopy of helium allows determination of the nuclear charge radius, and it is expected to help resolve the 'proton radius puzzle'. In this review, we introduce the latest developments in the precision spectroscopy of the helium atom, especially the discrepancies among theoretical and experimental results, and give an outlook on future progress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu R Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shui-Ming Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Drake GWF, Tiesinga E. Simplify your life. NATURE PHYSICS 2020; 16:10.1038/s41567-020-01095-x. [PMID: 34408786 PMCID: PMC8369993 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-020-01095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Within the Hartree atomic unit systems, the Schrödinger equation becomes parameter free. But there's more to it than making a student's life easier, as Gordon Drake and Eite Tiesinga recount.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eite Tiesinga
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Precise measurement of an atomic hydrogen transition resolves the proton size puzzle
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wim Ubachs
- Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Grinin A, Matveev A, Yost DC, Maisenbacher L, Wirthl V, Pohl R, Hänsch TW, Udem T. Two-photon frequency comb spectroscopy of atomic hydrogen. Science 2020; 370:1061-1066. [PMID: 33243883 DOI: 10.1126/science.abc7776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We have performed two-photon ultraviolet direct frequency comb spectroscopy on the 1S-3S transition in atomic hydrogen to illuminate the so-called proton radius puzzle and to demonstrate the potential of this method. The proton radius puzzle is a significant discrepancy between data obtained with muonic hydrogen and regular atomic hydrogen that could not be explained within the framework of quantum electrodynamics. By combining our result [f 1S-3S = 2,922,743,278,665.79(72) kilohertz] with a previous measurement of the 1S-2S transition frequency, we obtained new values for the Rydberg constant [R ∞ = 10,973,731.568226(38) per meter] and the proton charge radius [r p = 0.8482(38) femtometers]. This result favors the muonic value over the world-average data as presented by the most recent published CODATA 2014 adjustment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Grinin
- Laser Spectroscopy Division Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany.
| | - Arthur Matveev
- Laser Spectroscopy Division Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany
| | - Dylan C Yost
- Laser Spectroscopy Division Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany
| | - Lothar Maisenbacher
- Laser Spectroscopy Division Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany
| | - Vitaly Wirthl
- Laser Spectroscopy Division Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany
| | - Randolf Pohl
- Laser Spectroscopy Division Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany
| | - Theodor W Hänsch
- Laser Spectroscopy Division Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany.,Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | - Thomas Udem
- Laser Spectroscopy Division Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany.,Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Borah K, Hill RJ, Lee G, Tomalak O. Parametrization and applications of the low-
Q2
nucleon vector form factors. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.074012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
35
|
Abstract
Hyperons provide new angles on two of the most challenging problems in contemporary physics: a coherent and quantitative description of the strong interaction, and the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe. The production dynamics and the electromagnetic structure of strange hyperons, as well as hyperon spectroscopy, give insights into the strong interaction in the confinement domain. Furthermore, two-body decays of strange hyperons provide clean tests of CP symmetry, an essential piece to the matter-antimatter puzzle. The future experiment PANDA at FAIR offers unique possibilities to study different aspects of hyperons using antiproton beams. In particular, the hitherto almost unexplored multi-strange sector will be addressed. The expected large production cross sections of hyperons and the versatile, near 4πdetector design makes PANDA a veritable hyperon factory already from the first phase of operation. In these proceedings, the opportunities for hyperon physics with PANDA will be outlined. I will also address how we can benefit from the weak hyperon decays, that provide straight-forward access to the full spin density matrix.
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Spectroscopy of hydrogen deuteride ions provides the proton-to-electron mass ratio
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Hori
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Janka G, Ohayon B, Burkley Z, Gerchow L, Kuroda N, Ni X, Nishi R, Salman Z, Suter A, Tuzi M, Vigo C, Prokscha T, Crivelli P. Intense beam of metastable Muonium. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2020; 80:804. [PMID: 32922165 PMCID: PMC7462919 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Precision spectroscopy of the Muonium Lamb shift and fine structure requires a robust source of 2S Muonium. To date, the beam-foil technique is the only demonstrated method for creating such a beam in vacuum. Previous experiments using this technique were statistics limited, and new measurements would benefit tremendously from the efficient 2S production at a low energy muon ( < 20 keV) facility. Such a source of abundant low energyμ + has only become available in recent years, e.g. at the Low-Energy Muon beamline at the Paul Scherrer Institute. Using this source, we report on the successful creation of an intense, directed beam of metastable Muonium. We find that even though the theoretical Muonium fraction is maximal in the low energy range of 2-5 keV, scattering by the foil and transport characteristics of the beamline favor slightly higherμ + energies of 7-10 keV. We estimate that an event detection rate of a few events per second for a future Lamb shift measurement is feasible, enabling an increase in precision by two orders of magnitude over previous determinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G. Janka
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B. Ohayon
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Z. Burkley
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - L. Gerchow
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - N. Kuroda
- Institute of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8902 Japan
| | - X. Ni
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - R. Nishi
- Institute of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8902 Japan
| | - Z. Salman
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - A. Suter
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - M. Tuzi
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C. Vigo
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T. Prokscha
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - P. Crivelli
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gurung L, Babij TJ, Hogan SD, Cassidy DB. Precision Microwave Spectroscopy of the Positronium n=2 Fine Structure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:073002. [PMID: 32857572 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.073002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a new measurement of the positronium (Ps) 2^{3}S_{1}→2^{3}P_{0} interval. Slow Ps atoms, optically excited to the radiatively metastable 2^{3}S_{1} level, flew through a microwave radiation field tuned to drive the transition to the short-lived 2^{3}P_{0} level, which was detected via the time spectrum of subsequent ground state Ps annihilation radiation. After accounting for Zeeman shifts we obtain a transition frequency ν_{0}=18501.02±0.61 MHz, which is not in agreement with the theoretical value of ν_{0}=18498.25±0.08 MHz.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Gurung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - T J Babij
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S D Hogan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D B Cassidy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Patra S, Germann M, Karr JP, Haidar M, Hilico L, Korobov VI, Cozijn FMJ, Eikema KSE, Ubachs W, Koelemeij JCJ. Proton-electron mass ratio from laser spectroscopy of HD+ at the part-per-trillion level. Science 2020; 369:1238-1241. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aba0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Recent mass measurements of light atomic nuclei in Penning traps have indicated possible inconsistencies in closely related physical constants such as the proton-electron and deuteron-proton mass ratios. These quantities also influence the predicted vibrational spectrum of the deuterated molecular hydrogen ion (HD+) in its electronic ground state. We used Doppler-free two-photon laser spectroscopy to measure the frequency of the v = 0→9 overtone transition (v, vibrational quantum number) of this spectrum with an uncertainty of 2.9 parts per trillion. By leveraging high-precision ab initio calculations, we converted our measurement to tight constraints on the proton-electron and deuteron-proton mass ratios, consistent with the most recent Penning trap determinations of these quantities. This results in a precision of 21 parts per trillion for the value of the proton-electron mass ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Patra
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M. Germann
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J.-Ph. Karr
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC–Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France
- Département de Physique, Université d’Evry–Val d’Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Evry, France
| | - M. Haidar
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC–Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France
| | - L. Hilico
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC–Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France
- Département de Physique, Université d’Evry–Val d’Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Evry, France
| | - V. I. Korobov
- Bogolyubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - F. M. J. Cozijn
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - K. S. E. Eikema
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
- ARCNL (Advanced Research Centre for Nanolithography), 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - W. Ubachs
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
- ARCNL (Advanced Research Centre for Nanolithography), 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J. C. J. Koelemeij
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mondal C, Xu S, Lan J, Zhao X, Li Y, Chakrabarti D, Vary JP. Proton structure from a light-front Hamiltonian. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.016008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
41
|
Thomas KF, Ross JA, Henson BM, Shin DK, Baldwin KGH, Hodgman SS, Truscott AG. Direct Measurement of the Forbidden 2^{3}S_{1}→3^{3}S_{1} Atomic Transition in Helium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:013002. [PMID: 32678641 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.013002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present the detection of the highly forbidden 2^{3}S_{1}→3^{3}S_{1} atomic transition in helium, the weakest transition observed in any neutral atom. Our measurements of the transition frequency, upper state lifetime, and transition strength agree well with published theoretical values and can lead to tests of both QED contributions and different QED frameworks. To measure such a weak transition, we develop two methods using ultracold metastable (2^{3}S_{1}) helium atoms: low background direct detection of excited then decayed atoms for sensitive measurement of the transition frequency and lifetime, and a pulsed atom laser heating measurement for determining the transition strength. These methods could possibly be applied to other atoms, providing new tools in the search for ultraweak transitions and precision metrology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K F Thomas
- Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - J A Ross
- Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - B M Henson
- Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - D K Shin
- Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - K G H Baldwin
- Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - S S Hodgman
- Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - A G Truscott
- Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Madsen N. Exotic helium atom lit up. Nature 2020; 581:32-33. [DOI: 10.1038/d41586-020-01250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
43
|
Alighanbari S, Giri GS, Constantin FL, Korobov VI, Schiller S. Precise test of quantum electrodynamics and determination of fundamental constants with HD+ ions. Nature 2020; 581:152-158. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
44
|
Abstract
High-precision measurements of the proton radius via scattering, electric hydrogen spectroscopy and muonic hydrogen spectroscopy do not agree on the level of more than 5 σ. This proton radius puzzle persists now for almost a decade. This paper gives a short summary over the progress in the solution of the puzzle as well as an overview over the planned experiments to finally solve this puzzle at the interface of atomic and nuclear physics.
Collapse
|
45
|
Filin AA, Baru V, Epelbaum E, Krebs H, Möller D, Reinert P. Extraction of the Neutron Charge Radius from a Precision Calculation of the Deuteron Structure Radius. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:082501. [PMID: 32167344 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.082501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a high-accuracy calculation of the deuteron structure radius in chiral effective field theory. Our analysis employs the state-of-the-art semilocal two-nucleon potentials and takes into account two-body contributions to the charge density operators up to fifth order in the chiral expansion. The strength of the fifth-order short-range two-body contribution to the charge density operator is adjusted to the experimental data on the deuteron charge form factor. A detailed error analysis is performed by propagating the statistical uncertainties of the low-energy constants entering the two-nucleon potentials and by estimating errors from the truncation of the chiral expansion as well as from uncertainties in the nucleon form factors. Using the predicted value for the deuteron structure radius together with the very accurate atomic data for the difference of the deuteron and proton charge radii we, for the first time, extract the charge radius of the neutron from light nuclei. The extracted value reads r_{n}^{2}=-0.106_{-0.005}^{+0.007} fm^{2} and its magnitude is about 1.7σ smaller than the current value given by the Particle Data Group. In addition, given the high accuracy of the calculated deuteron charge form factor and its careful and systematic error analysis, our results open the way for an accurate determination of the nucleon form factors from elastic electron-deuteron scattering data measured at the Mainz Microtron and other experimental facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Filin
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Physik II, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - V Baru
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218, Russia
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Leninskiy Prospect 53, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Epelbaum
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Physik II, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - H Krebs
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Physik II, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - D Möller
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Physik II, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - P Reinert
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Physik II, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Werner Hammer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany; ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ulf-G Meißner
- Helmholtz Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; Institute for Advanced Simulation and Institut für Kernphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany; Tbilisi State University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Fundamental symmetry tested using antihydrogen. Nature 2020; 578:369-370. [DOI: 10.1038/d41586-020-00384-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
48
|
How big is the proton? Particle-size puzzle leaps closer to resolution. Nature 2019; 575:269-270. [DOI: 10.1038/d41586-019-03432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
49
|
|
50
|
Dreissen LS, Roth C, Gründeman EL, Krauth JJ, Favier M, Eikema KSE. High-Precision Ramsey-Comb Spectroscopy Based on High-Harmonic Generation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:143001. [PMID: 31702181 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.143001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-harmonic generation (HHG) is widely used for up-conversion of amplified (near) infrared ultrafast laser pulses to short wavelengths. We demonstrate that Ramsey-comb spectroscopy, based on two such pulses derived from a frequency-comb laser, enables us to observe phase effects in this process with a few mrad precision. As a result, we could perform the most accurate spectroscopic measurement based on light from HHG, illustrated with a determination of the 5p^{6}→5p^{5}8s^{2}[3/2]_{1} transition at 110 nm in ^{132}Xe. We improve its relative accuracy 10^{4} times to a value of 2.3×10^{-10}. This is 3.6 times better than shown before involving HHG, and promising to enable 1S-2S spectroscopy of He^{+} for fundamental tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Dreissen
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C Roth
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - E L Gründeman
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J J Krauth
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Favier
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - K S E Eikema
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|