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Andrade LS, Lima HH, Silva CT, Amorim WL, Poço JG, López-Castillo A, Kirillova MV, Carvalho WA, Kirillov AM, Mandelli D. Metal–organic frameworks as catalysts and biocatalysts for methane oxidation: The current state of the art. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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2
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Evidence for massive methane hydrate destabilization during the penultimate interglacial warming. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201871119. [PMID: 35994649 PMCID: PMC9436375 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201871119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our results identify an exceptionally large warming of the equatorial Atlantic intermediate waters and strong evidence of methane release and oxidation almost certainly due to massive methane hydrate destabilization during the early part of the penultimate warm episode (126,000 to 125,000 y ago). This major warming was caused by reduced advection of cold water from high latitudes and enhanced downward heat diffusion in response to a brief episode of meltwater-induced weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and amplified by a warm mean climate. Our results highlight climatic feedback processes associated with the penultimate climate warming that can serve as a paleoanalog for modern ongoing warming. The stability of widespread methane hydrates in shallow subsurface sediments of the marine continental margins is sensitive to temperature increases experienced by upper intermediate waters. Destabilization of methane hydrates and ensuing release of methane would produce climatic feedbacks amplifying and accelerating global warming. Hence, improved assessment of ongoing intermediate water warming is crucially important, especially that resulting from a weakening of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Our study provides an independent paleoclimatic perspective by reconstructing the thermal structure and imprint of methane oxidation throughout a water column of 1,300 m. We studied a sediment sequence from the eastern equatorial Atlantic (Gulf of Guinea), a region containing abundant shallow subsurface methane hydrates. We focused on the early part of the penultimate interglacial and present a hitherto undocumented and remarkably large intermediate water warming of 6.8 °C in response to a brief episode of meltwater-induced, modest AMOC weakening centered at 126,000 to 125,000 y ago. The warming of intermediate waters to 14 °C significantly exceeds the stability field of methane hydrates. In conjunction with this warming, our study reveals an anomalously low δ13C spike throughout the entire water column, recorded as primary signatures in single and pooled shells of multitaxa foraminifers. This extremely negative δ13C excursion was almost certainly the result of massive destabilization of methane hydrates. This study documents and connects a sequence of climatic events and climatic feedback processes associated with and triggered by the penultimate climate warming that can serve as a paleoanalog for modern ongoing warming.
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Nisbet EG, Dlugokencky EJ, Fisher RE, France JL, Lowry D, Manning MR, Michel SE, Warwick NJ. Atmospheric methane and nitrous oxide: challenges alongthe path to Net Zero. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2021; 379:20200457. [PMID: 34565227 PMCID: PMC8473950 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The causes of methane's renewed rise since 2007, accelerated growth from 2014 and record rise in 2020, concurrent with an isotopic shift to values more depleted in 13C, remain poorly understood. This rise is the dominant departure from greenhouse gas scenarios that limit global heating to less than 2°C. Thus a comprehensive understanding of methane sources and sinks, their trends and inter-annual variations are becoming more urgent. Efforts to quantify both sources and sinks and understand latitudinal and seasonal variations will improve our understanding of the methane cycle and its anthropogenic component. Nationally declared emissions inventories under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and promised contributions to emissions reductions under the UNFCCC Paris Agreement need to be verified independently by top-down observation. Furthermore, indirect effects on natural emissions, such as changes in aquatic ecosystems, also need to be quantified. Nitrous oxide is even more poorly understood. Despite this, options for mitigating methane and nitrous oxide emissions are improving rapidly, both in cutting emissions from gas, oil and coal extraction and use, and also from agricultural and waste sources. Reductions in methane and nitrous oxide emission are arguably among the most attractive immediate options for climate action. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Rising methane: is warming feeding warming? (part 1)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan G. Nisbet
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- NCAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Edward J. Dlugokencky
- US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Global Monitoring Laboratory, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Rebecca E. Fisher
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - James L. France
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - David Lowry
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Martin R. Manning
- New Zealand Climate Change Research Institute, School of Geography Environment and Earth Studies, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sylvia E. Michel
- Institute of Arctic and Antarctic Research, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA
| | - Nicola J. Warwick
- NCAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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Heaton TJ, Bard E, Bronk Ramsey C, Butzin M, Köhler P, Muscheler R, Reimer PJ, Wacker L. Radiocarbon: A key tracer for studying Earth's dynamo, climate system, carbon cycle, and Sun. Science 2021; 374:eabd7096. [PMID: 34735228 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd7096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Heaton
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK
| | - E Bard
- CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Collège de France, Technopole de l'Arbois BP 80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 4, France
| | - C Bronk Ramsey
- Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TG, UK
| | - M Butzin
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - P Köhler
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - R Muscheler
- Quaternary Sciences, Department of Geology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - P J Reimer
- 14CHRONO Centre for Climate, the Environment and Chronology, School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - L Wacker
- Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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5
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Anisimov O, Zimov S. Thawing permafrost and methane emission in Siberia: Synthesis of observations, reanalysis, and predictive modeling. AMBIO 2021; 50:2050-2059. [PMID: 33140207 PMCID: PMC8497670 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-020-01392-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Permafrost has been warming in the last decade at rates up to 0.39 °C 10 year-1, raising public concerns about the local and global impacts, such as methane emission. We used satellite data on atmospheric methane concentrations to retrieve information about methane emission in permafrost and non-permafrost environments in Siberia with different biogeochemical conditions in river valleys, thermokarst lakes, wetlands, and lowlands. We evaluated the statistical links with air temperature, precipitation, depth of seasonal thawing, and freezing and developed a statistical model. We demonstrated that by the mid-21st century methane emission in Siberian permafrost regions will increase by less than 20 Tg year-1, which is at the lower end of other estimates. Such changes will lead to less than 0.02 °C global temperature rise. These findings do not support the "methane bomb" concept. They demonstrate that the feedback between thawing Siberian wetlands and the global climate has been significantly overestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Anisimov
- State Hydrological Institute, 23 Second Line V.O., St. Petersburg, Russia 199053
| | - Sergei Zimov
- p/b 18, Cherskiy, Republic of Sakha – Yakutia, Russia
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Radiocarbon isotope technique as a powerful tool in tracking anthropogenic emissions of carbonaceous air pollutants and greenhouse gases: A review. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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7
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Biller-Celander N, Shakun JD, McGee D, Wong CI, Reyes AV, Hardt B, Tal I, Ford DC, Lauriol B. Increasing Pleistocene permafrost persistence and carbon cycle conundrums inferred from Canadian speleothems. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/18/eabe5799. [PMID: 33910910 PMCID: PMC8081356 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe5799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Permafrost carbon represents a potentially powerful amplifier of climate change, but little is known about permafrost sensitivity and associated carbon cycling during past warm intervals. We reconstruct permafrost history in western Canada during Pleistocene interglacials from 130 uranium-thorium ages on 72 speleothems, cave deposits that only accumulate with deep ground thaw. We infer that permafrost thaw extended to the high Arctic during one or more periods between ~1.5 million and 0.5 million years ago but has been limited to the sub-Arctic since 400,000 years ago. Our Canadian speleothem growth history closely parallels an analogous reconstruction from Siberia, suggesting that this shift toward more stable permafrost across the Pleistocene may have been Arctic-wide. In contrast, interglacial greenhouse gas concentrations were relatively stable throughout the Pleistocene, suggesting that either permafrost thaw did not trigger substantial carbon release to the atmosphere or it was offset by carbon uptake elsewhere on glacial-interglacial time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Biller-Celander
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Jeremy D Shakun
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
| | - David McGee
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Corinne I Wong
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Alberto V Reyes
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Ben Hardt
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Irit Tal
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Derek C Ford
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Bernard Lauriol
- Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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Sultan N, Plaza-Faverola A, Vadakkepuliyambatta S, Buenz S, Knies J. Impact of tides and sea-level on deep-sea Arctic methane emissions. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5087. [PMID: 33037197 PMCID: PMC7547717 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18899-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-sea Arctic methane and gas hydrate reservoirs are expected to be severely impacted by ocean temperature increase and sea-level rise. Our understanding of the gas emission phenomenon in the Arctic is however partial, especially in deep environments where the access is difficult and hydro-acoustic surveys are sporadic. Here, we report on the first continuous pore-pressure and temperature measurements over 4 days in shallow sediments along the west-Svalbard margin. Our data from sites where gas emissions have not been previously identified in hydro-acoustic profiles show that tides significantly affect the intensity and periodicity of gas emissions. These observations imply that the quantification of present-day gas emissions in the Arctic may be underestimated. High tides, however, seem to influence gas emissions by reducing their height and volume. Hence, the question remains as to whether sea-level rise may partially counterbalance the potential threat of submarine gas emissions caused by a warmer Arctic Ocean. This study investigates the effect of changing sea level on deep sea gas emissions in the Arctic. The results show that small decreases in sea-level favors gas release. This implies that sea-level rise may partially counterbalance the effect of warming oceans on gas emissions overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Sultan
- Ifremer, Département REM, Unité des Géosciences Marines, F-29280, Plouzané, France.
| | - Andreia Plaza-Faverola
- Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, Department of Geosciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sunil Vadakkepuliyambatta
- Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, Department of Geosciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Stefan Buenz
- Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, Department of Geosciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jochen Knies
- Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, Department of Geosciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.,Geological Survey of Norway, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
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9
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Dean JF, Meisel OH, Martyn Rosco M, Marchesini LB, Garnett MH, Lenderink H, van Logtestijn R, Borges AV, Bouillon S, Lambert T, Röckmann T, Maximov T, Petrov R, Karsanaev S, Aerts R, van Huissteden J, Vonk JE, Dolman AJ. East Siberian Arctic inland waters emit mostly contemporary carbon. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1627. [PMID: 32242076 PMCID: PMC7118085 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15511-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inland waters (rivers, lakes and ponds) are important conduits for the emission of terrestrial carbon in Arctic permafrost landscapes. These emissions are driven by turnover of contemporary terrestrial carbon and additional pre-aged (Holocene and late-Pleistocene) carbon released from thawing permafrost soils, but the magnitude of these source contributions to total inland water carbon fluxes remains unknown. Here we present unique simultaneous radiocarbon age measurements of inland water CO2, CH4 and dissolved and particulate organic carbon in northeast Siberia during summer. We show that >80% of total inland water carbon was contemporary in age, but pre-aged carbon contributed >50% at sites strongly affected by permafrost thaw. CO2 and CH4 were younger than dissolved and particulate organic carbon, suggesting emissions were primarily fuelled by contemporary carbon decomposition. Our findings reveal that inland water carbon emissions from permafrost landscapes may be more sensitive to changes in contemporary carbon turnover than the release of pre-aged carbon from thawing permafrost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua F Dean
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Ove H Meisel
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Melanie Martyn Rosco
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luca Belelli Marchesini
- Department of Sustainable Agro-ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Department of Landscape Design and Sustainable Ecosystems, Agrarian-Technological Institute, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mark H Garnett
- Natural Environment Research Council Radiocarbon Facility, East Kilbride, UK
| | - Henk Lenderink
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Richard van Logtestijn
- Department of Ecological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Steven Bouillon
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Thomas Röckmann
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Trofim Maximov
- Institute for Biological Problems of the Cryolithozone, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
- North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Roman Petrov
- Institute for Biological Problems of the Cryolithozone, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
- North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Sergei Karsanaev
- Institute for Biological Problems of the Cryolithozone, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
- North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Rien Aerts
- Department of Ecological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jorien E Vonk
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Johannes Dolman
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua F Dean
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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