1
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Wang S, Luo X, Wang Y, Liu Z, Yu Y, Wang X, Ren D, Wang P, Chen YH, Qi X, Yi H, Lei A. Radical-triggered translocation of C-C double bond and functional group. Nat Chem 2024:10.1038/s41557-024-01633-7. [PMID: 39251841 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Multi-site functionalization of molecules provides a potent approach to accessing intricate compounds. However, simultaneous functionalization of the reactive site and the inert remote C(sp3)-H poses a formidable challenge, as chemical reactions conventionally occur at the most active site. In addition, achieving precise control over site selectivity for remote C(sp3)-H activation presents an additional hurdle. Here we report an alternative modular method for alkene difunctionalization, encompassing radical-triggered translocation of functional groups and remote C(sp3)-H desaturation via photo/cobalt dual catalysis. By systematically combining radical addition, functional group migration and cobalt-promoted hydrogen atom transfer, we successfully effectuate the translocation of the carbon-carbon double bond and another functional group with precise site selectivity and remarkable E/Z selectivity. This redox-neutral approach shows good compatibility with diverse fluoroalkyl and sulfonyl radical precursors, enabling the migration of benzoyloxy, acetoxy, formyl, cyano and heteroaryl groups. This protocol offers a resolution for the simultaneous transformation of manifold sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchun Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xu Luo
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yu
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xuejie Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Demin Ren
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Pengjie Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Hung Chen
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Yi
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
| | - Aiwen Lei
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P. R. China.
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2
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Ma C, Lindsley CW, Chang J, Yu B. Rational Molecular Editing: A New Paradigm in Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11459-11466. [PMID: 38905482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Franklin, Tennessee 37027, United States
| | - Junbiao Chang
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bin Yu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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3
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Dupommier D, Vuagnat M, Rzayev J, Roy S, Jubault P, Besset T. Site-Selective Ortho/Ipso C-H Difunctionalizations of Arenes using Thianthrene as a Leaving Group. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403950. [PMID: 38712851 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Site-selective ortho/ipso C-H difunctionalizations of aromatic compounds were designed to afford polyfunctionalized arenes including challenging 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted ones (62 examples, up to 97 % yields). To ensure the excellent regioselectivity of the process while keeping high efficiency, an original strategy based on a "C-H thianthenation/Catellani-type reaction" sequence was developed starting from simple arenes. Non-prefunctionalized arenes were first regioselectively converted into the corresponding thianthrenium salts. Then, a palladium-catalyzed, norbornene (NBE)-mediated process allowed the synthesis of ipso-olefinated/ortho-alkylated polyfunctionalized arenes using a thianthrene as a leaving group (revisited Catellani reaction). Pleasingly, using a commercially available norbornene (NBE) and a unique catalytic system, synthetic challenges known for the Catellani reaction with aryl iodides were smoothly and successfully tackled with the "thianthrenium" approach. The protocol was robust (gram-scale reaction) and was widely applied to the two-fold functionalization of various arenes including bio-active compounds. Moreover, a panel of olefins and alkyl halides as coupling partners was suitable. Pleasingly, the "thianthrenium" strategy was successfully further applied to the incorporation of other groups at the ipso (CN/alkyl/H, aryl) and ortho (alkyl, aryl, amine, thiol) positions, showcasing the generality of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Dupommier
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Martin Vuagnat
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Javid Rzayev
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Sourav Roy
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
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4
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Zhang BS, Zhang ZQ, Guo TJ, Oliveira JCA, Warratz S, Deng BJ, Wang YM, Zhou JS, Gou XY, Wang XC, Quan ZJ, Ackermann L. Direct Synthesis of C4-Acyl Indoles via C-H Acylation. Org Lett 2024; 26:4998-5003. [PMID: 38838343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The direct synthesis of C4-acyl indoles deprived of C2 and C3 substituents has proven to be challenging, with scarce efficient synthetic routes being reported. Herein, we disclose a highly site-selective palladium-catalyzed C-H acylation for the construction of C4-acyl indoles via a Catellani-Lautens cyclization strategy. In addition, we systematically studied the ortho C-H acylation mechanism of iodoaniline through density functional theory (DFT) calculations and combined experimental results to elucidate the principle of high chemoselectivity brought by triazine benzoate as an acylation reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Sheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ze-Qiang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Tian-Jiao Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - João C A Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Svenja Warratz
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bao-Jie Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yi-Ming Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jun-Shi Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xue-Ya Gou
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Xi-Cun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zheng-Jun Quan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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5
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Liu X, Zhu Q, Dong G. Beyond Tertiary Amines: Introducing Secondary Amines by Palladium/Norbornene-Catalyzed Ortho Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404042. [PMID: 38578216 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the palladium/norbornene (Pd/NBE)-catalyzed ortho amination in 2013, escaping the limitation of only yielding tertiary anilines has been a long-standing challenge. Here, we describe that, by carefully choosing the phosphine ligand and NBE mediator, the installation of a N-mono-alkylamino group becomes feasible. The reaction tolerates a wide range of aryl iodide substrates and various N-mono-tertiary alkylamine-derived electrophiles. Both ipso alkenylation and alkynylation can be realized. The synthetic utility of this method is exemplified by the formation of primary amino group via selective deprotection and streamlined access to N-heterocycles. Preliminary success of installing a bulky N-secondary alkylamino group and a mechanistic understanding of the decomposition pathways of mono N-alkylamine electrophiles have been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, United States
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, United States
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, United States
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6
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Inoue K, Mori A, Okano K. Ultrafast Halogen Dance Reactions of Bromoarenes Enabled by Catalytic Potassium Hexamethyldisilazide. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400104. [PMID: 38329223 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Lochmann-Schlosser base, a stoichiometric combination of nBuLi and KOtBu, is commonly used as a superbase for deprotonating a wide range of organic compounds. In the present study, we report that catalytic potassium hexamethyldisilazide (KHMDS) exhibits higher catalytic activity than KOtBu for successive bromine-metal exchanges. Accordingly, 1-10 mol% of KHMDS dramatically enhances halogen dance reactions to introduce various electrophiles to bromopyridine, bromoimidazole, bromothiophene, bromofuran, and bromobenzene derivatives with the bromo group translocated from the original position. A dual catalytic cycle is proposed to explain the ultrafast bromine transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Inoue
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Atsunori Mori
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okano
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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7
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Shi C, Liu R, Wang Z, Li X, Qin H, Yuan L, Shan W, Zhuang W, Li X, Shi D. Radical Addition-Enabled C-C σ-Bond Cleavage/Reconstruction to Access Functional Indanones: Total Synthesis of Carexane L. Org Lett 2024; 26:2913-2917. [PMID: 38569099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
C-C σ-bond cleavage and reconstruction is a significant tool for structural modification in synthetic chemistry but it remains a formidable challenge to perform on unstrained skeletons. Herein, we describe a radical addition-enabled C-C σ-bond cleavage/reconstruction reaction of unstrained allyl ketones to access various functional indanones bearing a benzylic quaternary center. The synthetic utility of this method has been showcased by the first total synthesis of carexane L, an indanone-based natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Ruihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Hongyun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Leifeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Wenli Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dayong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 168 Weihai Road, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, P. R. China
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8
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Babu US, Kotipalli R, Nanubolu JB, Reddy MS. Pd-Catalyzed Vicinal Intermolecular Annulations of Iodoarenes, Indoles, and Carbazoles with Enynes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302788. [PMID: 37929623 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Reaching the formidable C-H corners has been one of the top priorities of organic chemists in the recent past. This prompted us to disclose herein a vicinal annulation of 2-iodo benzoates, indoles, and carbazoles with N-embedded 1,6-enynes through 7-/8-membered palladacycles. The relay does not require the assistance of any directing group, leading to multicyclic scaffolds, which are readily diversified to an array of adducts (with new functional tethers and/or three contiguous stereocenters), in which we showcase a rare benzylic mono-oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undamatla Suri Babu
- Department of Oraganic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ramesh Kotipalli
- Department of Oraganic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- Department of Oraganic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu, Analytical Department, CSIR-IICT, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Maddi Sridhar Reddy
- Department of Oraganic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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9
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Liu X, Zhou Y, Qi X, Li R, Liu P, Dong G. Palladium/Norbornene-Catalyzed Direct Vicinal Di-Carbo-Functionalization of Indoles: Reaction Development and Mechanistic Study. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310697. [PMID: 37672173 PMCID: PMC10591888 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Methods that can simultaneously install multiple different functional groups to heteroarenes via C-H functionalizations are valuable for complex molecule synthesis, which, however, remain challenging to realize. Here we report the development of vicinal di-carbo-functionalization of indoles in a site- and regioselective manner, enabled by the palladium/norbornene (Pd/NBE) cooperative catalysis. The reaction is initiated by the Pd(II)-mediated C3-metalation and specifically promoted by the C1-substituted NBEs. The mild, scalable, and robust reaction conditions allow for a good substrate scope and excellent functional group tolerance. The resulting C2-arylated C3-alkenylated indoles can be converted to diverse synthetically useful scaffolds. The combined experimental and computational mechanistic study reveals the unique role of the C1-substituted NBE in accelerating the turnover-limiting oxidative addition step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Renhe Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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10
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Shennan BA, Sánchez-Alonso S, Rossini G, Dixon DJ. 1,2-Redox Transpositions of Tertiary Amides. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21745-21751. [PMID: 37756523 PMCID: PMC10571086 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Reactions capable of transposing the oxidation levels of adjacent carbon atoms enable rapid and fundamental alteration of a molecule's reactivity. Herein, we report the 1,2-transposition of the carbon atom oxidation level in cyclic and acyclic tertiary amides, resulting in the one-pot synthesis of 1,2- and 1,3-oxygenated tertiary amines. This oxidation level transfer was facilitated by the careful orchestration of an iridium-catalyzed reduction with the functionalization of transiently formed enamine intermediates. A novel 1,2-carbonyl transposition is described, and the breadth of this redox transposition strategy has been further explored by the development of aminoalcohol and enaminone syntheses. The diverse β-functionalized amine products were shown to be multifaceted and valuable synthetic intermediates, accessing challenging biologically relevant motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin
D. A. Shennan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemical
Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Sergio Sánchez-Alonso
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemical
Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Gabriele Rossini
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemical
Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemical
Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
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11
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Chen J, Liu S, Su S, Fan R, Zhang R, Meng W, Tan J. Sulfonium-based precise alkyl transposition reactions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi1370. [PMID: 37713480 PMCID: PMC10881050 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi1370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), a sulfonium-based cofactor, plays an important role in numerous biological processes as methyl donor. Inspired by the function of sulfonium motif in this nature's synthetic toolkit, we here present an aryne-activation strategy that the sulfonium intermediates in situ generated from thioethers display unique reactivity toward alkyl group transposition. Experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the reaction occurs in an intermolecular fashion where the TfO--incorporated [K(18-crown-6)] complex acts as a key promoter for this thermodynamically favored process. Next, a series of robust, easy-to-prepare sulfonium salts are designed and developed as electrophilic alkylation reagents accordingly. Both systems feature for broad scope, excellent selectivity, and simple operation. Moreover, we highlight the synthetic value through molecular editing and late-stage modification of complex scaffolds or even active pharmaceutical ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shilu Liu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shuaisong Su
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruirui Zhang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiajing Tan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China
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12
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Brägger Y, Green O, Bhawal BN, Morandi B. Late-Stage Molecular Editing Enabled by Ketone Chain-Walking Isomerization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19496-19502. [PMID: 37640367 PMCID: PMC10510328 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a method for the isomerization of ketones in a manner akin to the chain-walking reaction of alkenes is described. Widely available and inexpensive pyrrolidine and elemental sulfur are deployed as catalysts to achieve this reversible transformation. Key to the utility of this approach was the elucidation of a stereochemical model to determine the thermodynamically favored product of the reaction and the kinetic selectivity observed. With the distinct selectivity profile of our ketone chain-walking process, the isomerization of various steroids was demonstrated to rapidly access novel steroids with "unnatural" oxidation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Brägger
- ETH
Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ori Green
- ETH
Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin N. Bhawal
- ETH
Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Bill Morandi
- ETH
Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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13
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Chen K, Zeng Q, Xie L, Xue Z, Wang J, Xu Y. Functional-group translocation of cyano groups by reversible C-H sampling. Nature 2023; 620:1007-1012. [PMID: 37364765 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemical transformations that introduce, remove or manipulate functional groups are ubiquitous in synthetic chemistry1. Unlike conventional functional-group interconversion reactions that swap one functionality for another, transformations that alter solely the location of functional groups are far less explored. Here, by photocatalytic, reversible C-H sampling, we report a functional-group translocation reaction of cyano (CN) groups in common nitriles, allowing for the direct positional exchange between a CN group and an unactivated C-H bond. The reaction shows high fidelity for 1,4-CN translocation, frequently contrary to inherent site selectivity in conventional C-H functionalizations. We also report the direct transannular CN translocation of cyclic systems, providing access to valuable structures that are non-trivial to obtain by other methods. Making use of the synthetic versatility of CN and a key CN translocation step, we showcase concise syntheses of building blocks of bioactive molecules. Furthermore, the combination of C-H cyanation and CN translocation allows access to unconventional C-H derivatives. Overall, the reported reaction represents a way to achieve site-selective C-H transformation reactions without requiring a site-selective C-H cleavage step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingrui Zeng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Longhuan Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zisheng Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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14
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Chen XW, Hou ZC, Chen C, Zhang LH, Chen ME, Zhang FM. Enantioselective total syntheses of six natural and two proposed meroterpenoids from Psoralea corylifolia. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5699-5704. [PMID: 37265714 PMCID: PMC10231314 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00582h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The first enantioselective total syntheses of six natural and two proposed meroterpenoids isolated from Psoralea corylifolia have been achieved in 7-9 steps from 2-methylcyclohexanone. The current synthetic approaches feature a high level of synthetic flexibility, stereodivergent fashion and short synthetic route, thereby providing a potential platform for the preparation of numerous this-type meroterpenoids and their pseudo-natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Zi-Chao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Ling-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Meng-En Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
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15
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Li Y, Fu S, Liu B. Asymmetric syntheses of ent-pimarane diterpenoids. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:4409-4413. [PMID: 37194415 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00575e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic ent-pimaranes are a group of aromatized tricyclic diterpenoids that exhibit diverse bioactivities. In this work, the first total syntheses of two aromatic ent-pimaranes were achieved via a C-ABC construction sequence enabled by chiral auxiliary controlled asymmetric radical polyene cyclization, and the subsequent substrate-controlled stereo-/regio-specific hydroboration of alkene allowed for access to both natural products with C19 oxidation modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Shaomin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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16
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Recent progress on Catellani reaction. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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17
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Liu R, Tian Y, Wang J, Wang Z, Li X, Zhao C, Yao R, Li S, Yuan L, Yang J, Shi D. Visible light-initiated radical 1,3-difunctionalization of β,γ-unsaturated ketones. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq8596. [PMID: 36490351 PMCID: PMC9733936 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq8596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Radical-mediated 1,2-difunctionalization of olefins is a well-established synthetic technique widely used in the rapid construction of structurally diverse molecular entities. However, radical-mediated 1,3-difunctionalization reactions are rare, and the substrates are generally limited to strained skeletons. Here, we report a practical approach for 1,3-difunctionalization of available β,γ-unsaturated ketones via a radical cascade process including visible light-irradiated radical addition, thermodynamic stability-driven 1,2-carbonyl migration from unactivated all-carbon quaternary center, and terminal C-radical varied transformations. Various highly functionalized alkyl skeletons with different valuable functional groups at positions 1 and 3 and the carbonyl group at position 2 have been synthesized through a radical chain pathway or Cu-catalyzed Ritter-type reaction. Moreover, this protocol provides a real case of diversity-oriented radical rearrangement for drug discovery. We identified a previously unknown chemotype of dual inhibitors for hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and WNT signaling pathways from products. These small-molecule inhibitors could suppress HIF and WNT signaling-dependent HCT116 cell growth in 2D and 3D culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Ruoyu Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Leifeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dayong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 168 Weihai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
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18
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Wu J, Sun P, Hong Y, Yang H, Xie M, Zhang J. Palladium-catalyzed interannular C-H amination of biaryl amines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13620-13623. [PMID: 36408627 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05129j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed interannular C-H amination of biaryl amines with O-benzoylhydroxylamines is reported. This reaction undergoes smoothly with operational practicality and good tolerance of functional groups, thereby providing a concise synthesis of 2,2'-diaminobiaryls. Moreover, the readily accessible scale-up synthesis and the ability to transform the products into structurally diverse N-containing heterocycles demonstrate the synthetic potential of this catalytic protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Pengpeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Yuwen Hong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Haitao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Meihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Jitan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
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19
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Manipulations of phenylnorbornyl palladium species for multicomponent construction of a bridged polycyclic privileged scaffold. Commun Chem 2022; 5:140. [PMID: 36697919 PMCID: PMC9814782 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexahydromethanocarbazole is a privileged scaffold in the discovery of new drugs and photoactive organic materials due to its good balance between structural complexity and minimized entropy penalty upon receptor binding. To address the difficulty of synthesizing this highly desirable bridged polycyclic scaffold, we designed a convenient multicomponent reaction cascade as intercepted Heck addition/C-H activation/C-palladacycle formation/electrophilic attack of ANP/N-palladacycle formation/Buchwald amination. A distinguishing feature of this sophisticated strategy is the successive generation of two key phenylnorbornyl palladium species to control the reaction flow towards desired products. DFT calculations further reveal the crucial roles of Cs2CO3 and 5,6-diester substitutions on the norbornene reactant in preventing multiple side-reactions. This innovative method exhibits a broad scope with good yields, and therefore will enable the construction of natural-product-like compound libraries based on hexahydromethanocarbazole.
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20
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Hamby TB, LaLama MJ, Sevov CS. Controlling Ni redox states by dynamic ligand exchange for electroreductive Csp3-Csp2 coupling. Science 2022; 376:410-416. [PMID: 35446658 PMCID: PMC9260526 DOI: 10.1126/science.abo0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cross-electrophile coupling (XEC) reactions of aryl and alkyl electrophiles are appealing but limited to specific substrate classes. Here, we report electroreductive XEC of previously incompatible electrophiles including tertiary alkyl bromides, aryl chlorides, and aryl/vinyl triflates. Reactions rely on the merger of an electrochemically active complex that selectively reacts with alkyl bromides through 1e- processes and an electrochemically inactive Ni0(phosphine) complex that selectively reacts with aryl electrophiles through 2e- processes. Accessing Ni0(phosphine) intermediates is critical to the strategy but is often challenging. We uncover a previously unknown pathway for electrochemically generating these key complexes at mild potentials through a choreographed series of ligand-exchange reactions. The mild methodology is applied to the alkylation of a range of substrates including natural products and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor B. Hamby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Matthew J. LaLama
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Christo S. Sevov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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21
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Wu Z, Dong G. Rapid Access to Multisubstituted Acrylamides from Cyclic Ketones via Palladium/Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201239. [PMID: 35199445 PMCID: PMC9007888 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A strategy to access diverse multisubstituted acrylamides from cyclic ketones is realized via palladium/norbornene-catalyzed α-carbamoylation and ipso-functionalization of the corresponding enol triflates. The development of bulky C2 secondary amide-substituted norbornene cocatalysts is the key to achieve the desired reactivity and selectivity. Readily available carbamoyl chlorides serve as effective electrophiles; various moieties including alkenyl, hydrogen, alkynyl, aryl, and alkyl groups can be installed at the ipso position. In addition, tandem α-carbamoylation/ipso-annulations are demonstrated to furnish lactam-containing polycyclic scaffolds. The utility of this method is exemplified in the streamlined preparation of a platelet-activating factor (PAF)-antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wu
- Department of Chemistry the University of Chicago 5735 S Ellis Ave Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry the University of Chicago 5735 S Ellis Ave Chicago IL 60637 USA
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22
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Wu Z, Dong G. Rapid Access to Multisubstituted Acrylamides from Cyclic Ketones via Palladium/Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wu
- Department of Chemistry the University of Chicago 5735 S Ellis Ave Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry the University of Chicago 5735 S Ellis Ave Chicago IL 60637 USA
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23
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Zhang J, Xie M, Wu J, Li Y, Sun P, Zhang Y. Access to Functionalized Pyrrolophenanthridine via an ortho C-H Amination/Interannular C-H Arylation Cascade of N-Arylpyrroles. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/com-22-14642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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