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Ni J, Wang W, Liu D, Zhu Q, Jia J, Tian J, Li Z, Wang X, Xing Z. Oxygen vacancy-mediated sandwich-structural TiO 2-x /ultrathin g-C 3N 4/TiO 2-x direct Z-scheme heterojunction visible-light-driven photocatalyst for efficient removal of high toxic tetracycline antibiotics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124432. [PMID: 33189474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A surface defect sandwich-structural TiO2-x/ultrathin g-C3N4/TiO2-x direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst is successfully constructed. The results manifest the existence of oxygen vacancies, sandwich structure and direct Z-scheme heterojunction. Noticeably, TiO2-x/ultrathin g-C3N4/TiO2-x efficiently eliminates high toxic tetracycline hydrochloride by means of·O2-, h+ and·OH, whose removal rate is 87.7% during 90 min and the pseudo-first-order rate constant reaches up to 31.7 min-1 × 10-3. The extraordinary performance can be attributed to the special 3D structure, Z-scheme heterojunction expediting charge transfer and promoting the generation of active species, meanwhile the oxygen vacancies enhancing the spatial separation of photo-induced carriers. Moreover, various environmental factors are systematically explored by statistics. SO42-, NH3-N and pH exhibit an obvious impact on removal rate. Meanwhile, TiO2-x/ultrathin g-C3N4/TiO2-x could also effectually remove tetracycline hydrochloride from complex actual-wastewater and exhibit high stability. Besides, the photocatalytic mechanism and degradation path of tetracycline hydrochloride are also elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Dongmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, PR China
| | - Jialin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jiayu Tian
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Zheyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Zipeng Xing
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, PR China.
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