1
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Jiang S, Yang H, Sun Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Li J. The basis of complications in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection: Pathological activation of ADAM17. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 679:37-46. [PMID: 37666046 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The virulence of SARS-CoV-2 decreases with increasing infectivity, the primary approaches for antiviral treatments will be preventing or minimizing the complications resulting from virus infection. ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17) activation by SARS-CoV-2 infection has a dual effect on the development of the disease: increased release of inflammatory cytokines and dysregulation of Angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) on cell surfaces, inflammatory cytokine infiltration and loss of ACE2 protective function lead to a significant increase in the incidence of related complications. Importantly, pathologically activated ADAM17 showed superior features than S protein in regulating ACE2 expression and participating in the intra cellular replication of SARS-CoV-2. In short, SARS-CoV-2 elicits only a limited immune response when it promotes its own replication and pathogenicity through ADAM17. Therefore, the pathological activation of ADAM17 may also represent a diminished innate antiviral defense and an altered strategy of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we summarized recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of ADAM17, with a focus on the new findings that SARS-CoV-2 affects ADAM17 expression through Furin protein converting enzyme and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, and raises the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 may mediates the pathological activation of ADAM17 by hijacking the actin regulatory pathway, and discussed the underlying biological principles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Yang
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China
| | | | - Yi Zhang
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China
| | - Jida Li
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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2
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Guard SE, Chapnick DA, Poss ZC, Ebmeier CC, Jacobsen J, Nemkov T, Ball KA, Webb KJ, Simpson HL, Coleman S, Bunker E, Ramirez A, Reisz JA, Sievers R, Stowell MHB, D'Alessandro A, Liu X, Old WM. Multiomic Analysis Reveals Disruption of Cholesterol Homeostasis by Cannabidiol in Human Cell Lines. Mol Cell Proteomics 2022; 21:100262. [PMID: 35753663 PMCID: PMC9525918 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The nonpsychoactive cannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD), is Food and Dug Administration approved for treatment of two drug-resistant epileptic disorders and is seeing increased use among the general public, yet the mechanisms that underlie its therapeutic effects and side-effect profiles remain unclear. Here, we report a systems-level analysis of CBD action in human cell lines using temporal multiomic profiling. FRET-based biosensor screening revealed that CBD elicits a sharp rise in cytosolic calcium, and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in human keratinocyte and neuroblastoma cell lines. CBD treatment leads to alterations in the abundance of metabolites, mRNA transcripts, and proteins associated with activation of cholesterol biosynthesis, transport, and storage. We found that CBD rapidly incorporates into cellular membranes, alters cholesterol accessibility, and disrupts cholesterol-dependent membrane properties. Sustained treatment with high concentrations of CBD induces apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. CBD-induced apoptosis is rescued by inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and potentiated by compounds that disrupt cholesterol trafficking and storage. Our data point to a pharmacological interaction of CBD with cholesterol homeostasis pathways, with potential implications in its therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Guard
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Douglas A Chapnick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Zachary C Poss
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Christopher C Ebmeier
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeremy Jacobsen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kerri A Ball
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Kristofor J Webb
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Helen L Simpson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephen Coleman
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Eric Bunker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Adrian Ramirez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Robert Sievers
- Department of Chemistry and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael H B Stowell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Xuedong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - William M Old
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
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3
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Linders PTA, Ioannidis M, ter Beest M, van den Bogaart G. Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of pH along the Secretory Pathway. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:240-251. [PMID: 35000377 PMCID: PMC8787756 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Many cellular processes
are dependent on correct pH levels, and
this is especially important for the secretory pathway. Defects in
pH homeostasis in distinct organelles cause a wide range of diseases,
including disorders of glycosylation and lysosomal storage diseases.
Ratiometric imaging of the pH-sensitive mutant of green fluorescent
protein, pHLuorin, has allowed for targeted pH measurements in various
organelles, but the required sequential image acquisition is intrinsically
slow and therefore the temporal resolution is unsuitable to follow
the rapid transit of cargo between organelles. Therefore, we applied
fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to measure intraorganellar
pH with just a single excitation wavelength. We first validated this
method by confirming the pH in multiple compartments along the secretory
pathway and compared the pH values obtained by the FLIM-based measurements
with those obtained by conventional ratiometric imaging. Then, we
analyzed the dynamic pH changes within cells treated with Bafilomycin
A1, to block the vesicular ATPase, and Brefeldin A, to block endoplasmic
reticulum (ER)–Golgi trafficking. Finally, we followed the
pH changes of newly synthesized molecules of the inflammatory cytokine
tumor necrosis factor-α while they were in transit from the
ER via the Golgi to the plasma membrane. The toolbox we present here
can be applied to measure intracellular pH with high spatial and temporal
resolution and can be used to assess organellar pH in disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. A. Linders
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Melina Ioannidis
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Martin ter Beest
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG Groningen, Netherlands
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4
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Roy S, Curry SD, Bibbey MG, Chapnick DA, Liu X, Goodwin AP, Cha JN. Effect of covalent photoconjugation of affibodies to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on cellular quiescence. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:187-198. [PMID: 34676884 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cellular quiescence is a reversible state of cell cycle arrest whereby cells are temporarily maintained in the nondividing phase. Inducing quiescence in cancer cells by targeting growth receptors is a treatment strategy to slow cell growth in certain aggressive tumors, which in turn increases the efficacy of treatments such as surgery or systemic chemotherapy. However, ligand interactions with cell receptors induce receptor-mediated endocytosis followed by proteolytic degradation, which limits the duration of cellular quiescence. Here, we report the effects of targeted covalent affibody photoconjugation to epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) on EGFR-positive MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells. First, covalently conjugating affibodies to cells increased doubling time two-fold and reduced ERK activity by 30% as compared to cells treated with an FDA-approved anti-EGFR antibody Cetuximab, which binds to EGFR noncovalently. The distribution of cells in each phase of the cell cycle was determined, and cells conjugated with the affibody demonstrated an accumulation in the G1 phase, indicative of G1 cell cycle arrest. Finally, the proliferative capacity of the cells was determined by the incorporation of 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine and Ki67 Elisa assay, which showed that the percentage of proliferative cells with photoconjugated affibody was half of that found for the untreated control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambojit Roy
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Shane D Curry
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael G Bibbey
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Douglas A Chapnick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Xuedong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Andrew P Goodwin
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Jennifer N Cha
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
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5
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Bunker EN, Wheeler GE, Chapnick DA, Liu X. Suppression of α-catenin and adherens junctions enhances epithelial cell proliferation and motility via TACE-mediated TGF-α autocrine/paracrine signaling. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 32:348-361. [PMID: 33378218 PMCID: PMC8098817 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-08-0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained cell migration is essential for wound healing and cancer metastasis. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling cascade is known to drive cell migration and proliferation. While the signal transduction downstream of EGFR has been extensively investigated, our knowledge of the initiation and maintenance of EGFR signaling during cell migration remains limited. The metalloprotease TACE (tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme) is responsible for producing active EGFR family ligands in the via ligand shedding. Sustained TACE activity may perpetuate EGFR signaling and reduce a cell’s reliance on exogenous growth factors. Using a cultured keratinocyte model system, we show that depletion of α-catenin perturbs adherens junctions, enhances cell proliferation and motility, and decreases dependence on exogenous growth factors. We show that the underlying mechanism for these observed phenotypical changes depends on enhanced autocrine/paracrine release of the EGFR ligand transforming growth factor alpha in a TACE-dependent manner. We demonstrate that proliferating keratinocyte epithelial cell clusters display waves of oscillatory extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) activity, which can be eliminated by TACE knockout, suggesting that these waves of oscillatory ERK activity depend on autocrine/paracrine signals produced by TACE. These results provide new insights into the regulatory role of adherens junctions in initiating and maintaining autocrine/paracrine signaling with relevance to wound healing and cellular transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N Bunker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303
| | - Graycen E Wheeler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303
| | | | - Xuedong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303
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6
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Roy S, Brasino M, Beirne JM, Harguindey A, Chapnick DA, Liu X, Cha JN, Goodwin AP. Enzymes Photo-Cross-Linked to Live Cell Receptors Retain Activity and EGFR Inhibition after Both Internalization and Recycling. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 31:104-112. [PMID: 31840981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we show that a prodrug enzyme covalently photoconjugated to live cell receptors survives endosomal proteolysis and retains its catalytic activity over multiple days. Here, a fusion protein was designed with both an antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) affibody and the prodrug enzyme cytosine deaminase, which can convert prodrug 5-fluorocytosine to the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil. A benzophenone group was added at a site-specific mutation within the affibody, and the fusion protein was selectively photoconjugated to EGFR receptors expressed on membranes of MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells. The fusion protein was next labeled with two dyes for tracking uptake: AlexaFluor 488 and pH-sensitive pHAb. Flow cytometry showed that fusion proteins photo-cross-linked to EGFR first underwent receptor-mediated endocytosis within 12 h, followed by recycling back to the cell membrane within 24 h. These findings were also confirmed by confocal microscopy. The unique cross-linking of the affibody-enzyme fusion proteins was utilized for two anticancer treatments. First, the covalent linking of the protein to the EGFR led to inhibition of ERK signaling over a two-day period, whereas conventional antibody therapy only led to 6 h of inhibition. Second, when the affibody-CodA fusion proteins were photo-cross-linked to EGFR overexpressed on MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells, prodrug conversion was found even 48 h postincubation without any apparent decrease in cell killing, while without photo-cross-linking no cell killing was observed 8 h postincubation. These studies show that affinity-mediated covalent conjugation of the affibody-enzymes to cell receptors allows for prolonged expression on membranes and retained enzymatic activity without genetic engineering.
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7
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Saad MI, Rose-John S, Jenkins BJ. ADAM17: An Emerging Therapeutic Target for Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1218. [PMID: 31438559 PMCID: PMC6769596 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality, which histologically is classified into small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer diagnoses, with the majority of patients presenting with lung adenocarcinoma (LAC). KRAS mutations are a major driver of LAC, and are closely related to cigarette smoking, unlike mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which arise in never-smokers. Although the past two decades have seen fundamental progress in the treatment and diagnosis of NSCLC, NSCLC still is predominantly diagnosed at an advanced stage when therapeutic interventions are mostly palliative. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17), also known as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-converting enzyme (TACE), is responsible for the protease-driven shedding of more than 70 membrane-tethered cytokines, growth factors and cell surface receptors. Among these, the soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R), which drives pro-inflammatory and pro-tumourigenic IL-6 trans-signaling, along with several EGFR family ligands, are the best characterised. This large repertoire of substrates processed by ADAM17 places it as a pivotal orchestrator of a myriad of physiological and pathological processes associated with the initiation and/or progression of cancer, such as cell proliferation, survival, regeneration, differentiation and inflammation. In this review, we discuss recent research implicating ADAM17 as a key player in the development of LAC, and highlight the potential of ADAM17 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy to tackle this deadly malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I Saad
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
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8
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Fernández-Fernández ÁD, Van der Hoorn RAL, Gevaert K, Van Breusegem F, Stael S. Caught green-handed: methods for in vivo detection and visualization of protease activity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:2125-2141. [PMID: 30805604 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Proteases are enzymes that cleave peptide bonds of other proteins. Their omnipresence and diverse activities make them important players in protein homeostasis and turnover of the total cell proteome as well as in signal transduction in plant stress responses and development. To understand protease function, it is of paramount importance to assess when and where a specific protease is active. Here, we review the existing methods to detect in vivo protease activity by means of imaging chemical activity-based probes and genetically encoded sensors. We focus on the diverse fluorescent and luminescent sensors at the researcher's disposal and evaluate the potential of imaging techniques to deliver in vivo spatiotemporal detail of protease activity. We predict that in the coming years, revised techniques will help to elucidate plant protease activity and functions and hence expand the current status of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Daniel Fernández-Fernández
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Kris Gevaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simon Stael
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
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9
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Chapnick DA, Bunker E, Liu X, Old WM. Temporal Metabolite, Ion, and Enzyme Activity Profiling Using Fluorescence Microscopy and Genetically Encoded Biosensors. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1978:343-353. [PMID: 31119673 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9236-2_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Living cells employ complex and highly dynamic signaling networks and transcriptional circuits to maintain homeostasis and respond appropriately to constantly changing environments. These networks enable cells to maintain tight control on intracellular concentrations of ions, metabolites, proteins, and other biomolecules and ensure a careful balance between a cell's energetic needs and catabolic processes required for growth. Establishing molecular mechanisms of genetic and pharmacological perturbations remains challenging, due to the interconnected nature of these networks and the extreme sensitivity of cellular systems to their external environment. Live cell imaging with genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors provides a powerful new modality for nondestructive spatiotemporal tracking of ions, small molecules, enzymatic activities, and molecular interactions in living systems, from cells, tissues, and even living organisms. By deploying large panels of cell lines, each with distinct biosensors, many critical biochemical pathways can be monitored in a highly parallel and high-throughput fashion to identify pharmacological vulnerabilities and combination therapies unique to a given cell type or genetic background. Here we describe the experimental and analytical methods required to conduct multiplexed parallel fluorescence microscopy experiments on live cells expressing stable transgenic synthetic protein biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Bunker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Xuedong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - William M Old
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
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10
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Goryashchenko AS, Khrenova MG, Savitsky AP. Detection of protease activity by fluorescent protein FRET sensors: from computer simulation to live cells. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2018; 6:022001. [DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/aa9e47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Miller MA, Weissleder R. Imaging the pharmacology of nanomaterials by intravital microscopy: Toward understanding their biological behavior. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 113:61-86. [PMID: 27266447 PMCID: PMC5136524 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) can deliver cytotoxic chemotherapeutics and other drugs more safely and efficiently to patients; furthermore, selective delivery to target tissues can theoretically be accomplished actively through coating NPs with molecular ligands, and passively through exploiting physiological "enhanced permeability and retention" features. However, clinical trial results have been mixed in showing improved efficacy with drug nanoencapsulation, largely due to heterogeneous NP accumulation at target sites across patients. Thus, a clear need exists to better understand why many NP strategies fail in vivo and not result in significantly improved tumor uptake or therapeutic response. Multicolor in vivo confocal fluorescence imaging (intravital microscopy; IVM) enables integrated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) measurement at the single-cell level, and has helped answer key questions regarding the biological mechanisms of in vivo NP behavior. This review summarizes progress to date and also describes useful technical strategies for successful IVM experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles A Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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12
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Abstract
Genetically encoded fluorescent sensors are essential tools in modern biological research, and recent advances in fluorescent proteins (FPs) have expanded the scope of sensor design and implementation. In this review we compare different sensor platforms, including Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) sensors, fluorescence-modulated single FP-based sensors, translocation sensors, complementation sensors, and dimerization-based sensors. We discuss elements of sensor design and engineering for each platform, including the incorporation of new types of FPs and sensor screening techniques. Finally, we summarize the wide range of sensors in the literature, exploring creative new sensor architectures suitable for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Sanford
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Amy Palmer
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States.
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13
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Moss ML, Minond D, Yoneyama T, Hansen HP, Vujanovic N, Rasmussen FH. An improved fluorescent substrate for assaying soluble and membrane-associated ADAM family member activities. Anal Biochem 2016; 507:13-7. [PMID: 27177841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent resonance energy transfer substrate with improved sensitivity for ADAM17, -10, and -9 (where ADAM represents a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) has been designed. The new substrate, Dabcyl-Pro-Arg-Ala-Ala-Ala-Homophe-Thr-Ser-Pro-Lys(FAM)-NH2, has specificity constants of 6.3 (±0.3) × 10(4) M(-1) s(-1) and 2.4 (±0.3) × 10(3) M(-1) s(-1) for ADAM17 and ADAM10, respectively. The substrate is more sensitive than widely used peptides based on the precursor tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) cleavage site, PEPDAB010 or Dabcyl-Ser-Pro-Leu-Ala-Gln-Ala-Val-Arg-Ser-Ser-Lys(FAM)-NH2 and Mca-Pro-Leu-Ala-Gln-Ala-Val-Dpa-Arg-Ser-Ser-Arg-NH2. ADAM9 also processes the new peptide more than 18-fold better than the TNF-alpha-based substrates. The new substrate has a unique selectivity profile because it is processed less efficiently by ADAM8 and MMP1, -2, -3, -8, -9, -12, and -14. This substrate provides a unique tool in which to assess ADAM17, -10, and -9 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitriy Minond
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Toshie Yoneyama
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Hinrich P Hansen
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Clinic Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Nikola Vujanovic
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
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14
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Capone C, Dabertrand F, Baron-Menguy C, Chalaris A, Ghezali L, Domenga-Denier V, Schmidt S, Huneau C, Rose-John S, Nelson MT, Joutel A. Mechanistic insights into a TIMP3-sensitive pathway constitutively engaged in the regulation of cerebral hemodynamics. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27476853 PMCID: PMC4993587 DOI: 10.7554/elife.17536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a leading cause of stroke and dementia. CADASIL, an inherited SVD, alters cerebral artery function, compromising blood flow to the working brain. TIMP3 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3) accumulation in the vascular extracellular matrix in CADASIL is a key contributor to cerebrovascular dysfunction. However, the linkage between elevated TIMP3 and compromised cerebral blood flow (CBF) remains unknown. Here, we show that TIMP3 acts through inhibition of the metalloprotease ADAM17 and HB-EGF to regulate cerebral arterial tone and blood flow responses. In a clinically relevant CADASIL mouse model, we show that exogenous ADAM17 or HB-EGF restores cerebral arterial tone and blood flow responses, and identify upregulated voltage-dependent potassium channel (KV) number in cerebral arterial myocytes as a heretofore-unrecognized downstream effector of TIMP3-induced deficits. These results support the concept that the balance of TIMP3 and ADAM17 activity modulates CBF through regulation of myocyte KV channel number. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17536.001 There are currently no effective treatments or cures for small blood vessel diseases of the brain, which lead to strokes and subsequent decreases in mental abilities. Normally, smooth muscle cells that surround the vessels relax or contract to regulate blood flow and ensure the right amount of oxygen and nutrients reaches the different regions of the brain. In a syndrome called CADASIL, which is the most common form of inherited small vessel disease, a genetic mutation causes the smooth muscle cells to weaken over time. The accumulation of several proteins – including one called TIMP3 – around the smooth muscle cells plays a key role in the smooth muscle cell weakening seen in CADASIL. Capone et al. have now studied mice that display the symptoms of CADASIL to investigate how TIMP3 decreases blood flow through blood vessels in the brain. This revealed that TIMP3 inactivates another protein called ADAM17. The latter protein is normally responsible for starting a signaling pathway that helps smooth muscle cells to regulate blood flow according to the needs of the brain cells. Artificially adding more ADAM17 to the brains of the CADASIL mice reduced their symptoms of small vessel disease. Using smooth muscle cells freshly isolated from the brains of CADASIL mice, Capone et al. also demonstrated that abnormal TIMP3-ADAM17 signaling increases the number of voltage-dependent potassium channels in the membrane of the muscle cells. Having too many of these channels impairs the flow of blood through vessels in the brain. Further experiments are needed to investigate whether correcting TIMP3-ADAM17 signaling could prevent strokes in people with inherited CADASIL. It also remains to be seen whether similar signaling mechanisms are at play in other small vessel diseases. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17536.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Capone
- Genetics and Pathogenesis of Cerebrovascular Diseases, INSERM, U1161, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1161, Paris, France.,DHU NeuroVasc, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Dabertrand
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, United States.,College of Medicine, University of Vermont, United States
| | - Celine Baron-Menguy
- Genetics and Pathogenesis of Cerebrovascular Diseases, INSERM, U1161, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1161, Paris, France.,DHU NeuroVasc, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Athena Chalaris
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lamia Ghezali
- Genetics and Pathogenesis of Cerebrovascular Diseases, INSERM, U1161, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1161, Paris, France.,DHU NeuroVasc, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Domenga-Denier
- Genetics and Pathogenesis of Cerebrovascular Diseases, INSERM, U1161, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1161, Paris, France.,DHU NeuroVasc, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stefanie Schmidt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Clément Huneau
- Genetics and Pathogenesis of Cerebrovascular Diseases, INSERM, U1161, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1161, Paris, France.,DHU NeuroVasc, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mark T Nelson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, United States.,College of Medicine, University of Vermont, United States.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Joutel
- Genetics and Pathogenesis of Cerebrovascular Diseases, INSERM, U1161, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1161, Paris, France.,DHU NeuroVasc, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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15
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Kamezaki A, Sato F, Aoki K, Asakawa K, Kawakami K, Matsuzaki F, Sehara-Fujisawa A. Visualization of Neuregulin 1 ectodomain shedding reveals its local processing in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28873. [PMID: 27364328 PMCID: PMC4929465 DOI: 10.1038/srep28873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuregulin1 (NRG1) plays diverse developmental roles and is likely involved in several neurological disorders including schizophrenia. The transmembrane NRG1 protein is proteolytically cleaved and released as a soluble ligand for ErbB receptors. Such post-translational processing, referred to as 'ectodomain shedding', is thought to be crucial for NRG1 function. However, little is known regarding the regulatory mechanism of NRG1 cleavage in vivo. Here, we developed a fluorescent probe, NRG1 Cleavage Indicating SenSOR (N-CISSOR), by fusing mCherry and GFP to the extracellular and intracellular domains of NRG1, respectively. N-CISSOR mimicked the subcellular localization and biochemical properties of NRG1 including cleavage dynamics and ErbB phosphorylation in cultured cells. mCherry/GFP ratio imaging of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-stimulated N-CISSOR-expressing HEK293T cells enabled to monitor rapid ectodomain shedding of NRG1 at the subcellular level. Utilizing N-CISSOR in zebrafish embryos revealed preferential axonal NRG1 ectodomain shedding in developing motor neurons, demonstrating that NRG1 ectodomain shedding is spatially regulated at the subcellular level. Thus, N-CISSOR will be a valuable tool for elucidating the spatiotemporal regulation of NRG1 ectodomain shedding, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aosa Kamezaki
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sato
- Department of Growth Regulation, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Imaging Platform for Spatio-Temporal Information, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Asakawa
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, and Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Koichi Kawakami
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, and Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Fumio Matsuzaki
- Laboratory of Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center of Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Atsuko Sehara-Fujisawa
- Department of Growth Regulation, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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16
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Facey A, Pinar I, Arthur JF, Qiao J, Jing J, Mado B, Carberry J, Andrews RK, Gardiner EE. A-Disintegrin-And-Metalloproteinase (ADAM) 10 Activity on Resting and Activated Platelets. Biochemistry 2016; 55:1187-94. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b01102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Facey
- Australian
Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
| | - Isaac Pinar
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia 3168
| | - Jane F. Arthur
- Australian
Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Australian
Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
| | - Jing Jing
- Australian
Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
| | - Belden Mado
- Australian
Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
| | - Josie Carberry
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia 3168
| | - Robert K. Andrews
- Australian
Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
| | - Elizabeth E. Gardiner
- Australian
Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
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