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Patrick R, Janbandhu V, Tallapragada V, Tan SSM, McKinna EE, Contreras O, Ghazanfar S, Humphreys DT, Murray NJ, Tran YTH, Hume RD, Chong JJH, Harvey RP. Integration mapping of cardiac fibroblast single-cell transcriptomes elucidates cellular principles of fibrosis in diverse pathologies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk8501. [PMID: 38905342 PMCID: PMC11192082 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk8501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell technology has allowed researchers to probe tissue complexity and dynamics at unprecedented depth in health and disease. However, the generation of high-dimensionality single-cell atlases and virtual three-dimensional tissues requires integrated reference maps that harmonize disparate experimental designs, analytical pipelines, and taxonomies. Here, we present a comprehensive single-cell transcriptome integration map of cardiac fibrosis, which underpins pathophysiology in most cardiovascular diseases. Our findings reveal similarity between cardiac fibroblast (CF) identities and dynamics in ischemic versus pressure overload models of cardiomyopathy. We also describe timelines for commitment of activated CFs to proliferation and myofibrogenesis, profibrotic and antifibrotic polarization of myofibroblasts and matrifibrocytes, and CF conservation across mouse and human healthy and diseased hearts. These insights have the potential to inform knowledge-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Patrick
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Vaibhao Janbandhu
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Shannon S. M. Tan
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Emily E. McKinna
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Osvaldo Contreras
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Shila Ghazanfar
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Precision Data Science Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - David T. Humphreys
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Murray
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yen T. H. Tran
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Robert D. Hume
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- School of Medical Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Centre for Heart Failure and Diseases of the Aorta, The Baird Institute, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - James J. H. Chong
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Richard P. Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
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2
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Alcaide P, Kallikourdis M, Emig R, Prabhu SD. Myocardial Inflammation in Heart Failure With Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circ Res 2024; 134:1752-1766. [PMID: 38843295 PMCID: PMC11160997 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is characterized by a progressive decline in cardiac function and represents one of the largest health burdens worldwide. Clinically, 2 major types of HF are distinguished based on the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF): HF with reduced EF and HF with preserved EF. While both types share several risk factors and features of adverse cardiac remodeling, unique hallmarks beyond ejection fraction that distinguish these etiologies also exist. These differences may explain the fact that approved therapies for HF with reduced EF are largely ineffective in patients suffering from HF with preserved EF. Improving our understanding of the distinct cellular and molecular mechanisms is crucial for the development of better treatment strategies. This article reviews the knowledge of the immunologic mechanisms underlying HF with reduced and preserved EF and discusses how the different immune profiles elicited may identify attractive therapeutic targets for these conditions. We review the literature on the reported mechanisms of adverse cardiac remodeling in HF with reduced and preserved EF, as well as the immune mechanisms involved. We discuss how the knowledge gained from preclinical models of the complex syndrome of HF as well as from clinical data obtained from patients may translate to a better understanding of HF and result in specific treatments for these conditions in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Alcaide
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston MA
| | - Marinos Kallikourdis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy and Adaptive Immunity Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Ramona Emig
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston MA
| | - Sumanth D. Prabhu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO
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3
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Abe Y, Tani H, Sadahiro T, Yamada Y, Akiyama T, Nakano K, Honda S, Ko S, Anzai A, Ieda M. Cardiac reprogramming reduces inflammatory macrophages and improves cardiac function in chronic myocardial infarction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 690:149272. [PMID: 37992523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes (CMs) have little regenerative capacity. After myocardial infarction (MI), scar formation and myocardial remodeling proceed in the infarct and non-infarct areas, respectively, leading to heart failure (HF). Prolonged activation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and inflammatory cells may contribute to this process; however, therapies targeting these cell types remain lacking. Cardiac reprogramming converts CFs into induced CMs, reduces fibrosis, and improves cardiac function in chronic MI through the overexpression of Mef2c/Gata4/Tbx5/Hand2 (MGTH). However, whether cardiac reprogramming reduces inflammation in infarcted hearts remains unclear. Moreover, the mechanism through which MGTH overexpression in CFs affects inflammatory cells remains unknown. Here, we showed that inflammation persists in the myocardium until three months after MI, which can be reversed with cardiac reprogramming. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated that CFs expressed pro-inflammatory genes and exhibited strong intercellular communication with inflammatory cells, including macrophages, in chronic MI. Cardiac reprogramming suppressed the inflammatory profiles of CFs and reduced the relative ratios and pro-inflammatory signatures of cardiac macrophages. Moreover, fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis (FACS) revealed that cardiac reprogramming reduced the number of chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2)-positive inflammatory macrophages in the non-infarct areas in chronic MI, thereby restoring myocardial remodeling. Thus, cardiac reprogramming reduced the number of inflammatory macrophages to exacerbate cardiac function after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Abe
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hidenori Tani
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Taketaro Sadahiro
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yu Yamada
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Akiyama
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Koji Nakano
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Honda
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Seien Ko
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Atsushi Anzai
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaki Ieda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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4
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Chalise U, Hale TM. Fibroblasts under pressure: cardiac fibroblast responses to hypertension and antihypertensive therapies. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H223-H237. [PMID: 37999643 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00401.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 50% of Americans have hypertension, which significantly increases the risk of heart failure. In response to increased peripheral resistance in hypertension, intensified mechanical stretch in the myocardium induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibroblast activation to withstand increased pressure overload. This changes the structure and function of the heart, leading to pathological cardiac remodeling and eventual progression to heart failure. In the presence of hypertensive stimuli, cardiac fibroblasts activate and differentiate to myofibroblast phenotype capable of enhanced extracellular matrix secretion in coordination with other cell types, mainly cardiomyocytes. Both systemic and local renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation lead to increased angiotensin II stimulation of fibroblasts. Angiotensin II directly activates fibrotic signaling such as transforming growth factor β/SMAD and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling to produce extracellular matrix comprised of collagens and matricellular proteins. With the advent of single-cell RNA sequencing techniques, heterogeneity in fibroblast populations has been identified in the left ventricle in models of hypertension and pressure overload. The various clusters of fibroblasts reveal a range of phenotypes and activation states. Select antihypertensive therapies have been shown to be effective in limiting fibrosis, with some having direct actions on cardiac fibroblasts. The present review focuses on the fibroblast-specific changes that occur in response to hypertension and pressure overload, the knowledge gained from single-cell analyses, and the effect of antihypertensive therapies. Understanding the dynamics of hypertensive fibroblast populations and their similarities and differences by sex is crucial for the advent of new targets and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendra Chalise
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Taben M Hale
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona, College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
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5
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Wang X, Gaur M, Mounzih K, Rodriguez HJ, Qiu H, Chen M, Yan L, Cooper BA, Narayan S, Derakhshandeh R, Rao P, Han DD, Nabavizadeh P, Springer ML, John CM. Inhibition of galectin-3 post-infarction impedes progressive fibrosis by regulating inflammatory profibrotic cascades. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2536-2549. [PMID: 37602717 PMCID: PMC10676456 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Acute myocardial infarction (MI) causes inflammation, collagen deposition, and reparative fibrosis in response to myocyte death and, subsequently, a pathological myocardial remodelling process characterized by excessive interstitial fibrosis, driving heart failure (HF). Nonetheless, how or when to limit excessive fibrosis for therapeutic purposes remains uncertain. Galectin-3, a major mediator of organ fibrosis, promotes cardiac fibrosis and remodelling. We performed a preclinical assessment of a protein inhibitor of galectin-3 (its C-terminal domain, Gal-3C) to limit excessive fibrosis resulting from MI and prevent ventricular enlargement and HF. METHODS AND RESULTS Gal-3C was produced by enzymatic cleavage of full-length galectin-3 or by direct expression of the truncated form in Escherichia coli. Gal-3C was intravenously administered for 7 days in acute MI models of young and aged rats, starting either pre-MI or 4 days post-MI. Echocardiography, haemodynamics, histology, and molecular and cellular analyses were performed to assess post-MI cardiac functionality and pathological fibrotic progression. Gal-3C profoundly benefitted left ventricular ejection fraction, end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes, haemodynamic parameters, infarct scar size, and interstitial fibrosis, with better therapeutic efficacy than losartan and spironolactone monotherapies over the 56-day study. Gal-3C therapy in post-MI aged rats substantially improved pump function and attenuated ventricular dilation, preventing progressive HF. Gal-3C in vitro treatment of M2-polarized macrophage-like cells reduced their M2-phenotypic expression of arginase-1 and interleukin-10. Gal-3C inhibited M2 polarization of cardiac macrophages during reparative response post-MI. Gal-3C impeded progressive fibrosis post-MI by down-regulating galectin-3-mediated profibrotic signalling cascades including a reduction in endogenous arginase-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). CONCLUSION Gal-3C treatment improved long-term cardiac function post-MI by reduction in the wound-healing response, and inhibition of inflammatory fibrogenic signalling to avert an augmentation of fibrosis in the periinfarct region. Thus, Gal-3C treatment prevented the infarcted heart from extensive fibrosis that accelerates the development of HF, providing a potential targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyin Wang
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 555 Mission Bay Boulevard South, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Meenakshi Gaur
- MandalMed, Inc., 665 3rd Street, Suite 250, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Khalid Mounzih
- MandalMed, Inc., 665 3rd Street, Suite 250, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Hilda J Rodriguez
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 555 Mission Bay Boulevard South, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- MandalMed, Inc., 665 3rd Street, Suite 250, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Huiliang Qiu
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 555 Mission Bay Boulevard South, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ming Chen
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Liqiu Yan
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Brian A Cooper
- MandalMed, Inc., 665 3rd Street, Suite 250, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Shilpa Narayan
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 555 Mission Bay Boulevard South, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ronak Derakhshandeh
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 555 Mission Bay Boulevard South, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Poonam Rao
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 555 Mission Bay Boulevard South, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Daniel D Han
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Pooneh Nabavizadeh
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 555 Mission Bay Boulevard South, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Matthew L Springer
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 555 Mission Bay Boulevard South, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Constance M John
- MandalMed, Inc., 665 3rd Street, Suite 250, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 100, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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6
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Sugihara R, Taneike M, Murakawa T, Tamai T, Ueda H, Kitazume-Taneike R, Oka T, Akazawa Y, Nishida H, Mine K, Hioki A, Omi J, Omiya S, Aoki J, Ikeda K, Nishida K, Arita M, Yamaguchi O, Sakata Y, Otsu K. Lysophosphatidylserine induces necrosis in pressure overloaded male mouse hearts via G protein coupled receptor 34. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4494. [PMID: 37524709 PMCID: PMC10390482 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality in developed countries. Cell death is a key player in the development of heart failure. Calcium-independent phospholipase A2β (iPLA2β) produces lipid mediators by catalyzing lipids and induces nuclear shrinkage in caspase-independent cell death. Here, we show that lysophosphatidylserine generated by iPLA2β induces necrotic cardiomyocyte death, as well as contractile dysfunction mediated through its receptor, G protein-coupled receptor 34 (GPR34). Cardiomyocyte-specific iPLA2β-deficient male mice were subjected to pressure overload. While control mice showed left ventricular systolic dysfunction with necrotic cardiomyocyte death, iPLA2β-deficient mice preserved cardiac function. Lipidomic analysis revealed a reduction of 18:0 lysophosphatidylserine in iPLA2β-deficient hearts. Knockdown of Gpr34 attenuated 18:0 lysophosphatidylserine-induced necrosis in neonatal male rat cardiomyocytes, while the ablation of Gpr34 in male mice reduced the development of pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling. Thus, the iPLA2β-lysophosphatidylserine-GPR34-necrosis signaling axis plays a detrimental role in the heart in response to pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Sugihara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Manabu Taneike
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Murakawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takahito Tamai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ueda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Preventive Diagnostics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Rika Kitazume-Taneike
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takafumi Oka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Akazawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mine
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayana Hioki
- Preventive Diagnostics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jumpei Omi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigemiki Omiya
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama-City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nishida
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama-City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kinya Otsu
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK.
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan.
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7
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Miranda AMA, Janbandhu V, Maatz H, Kanemaru K, Cranley J, Teichmann SA, Hübner N, Schneider MD, Harvey RP, Noseda M. Single-cell transcriptomics for the assessment of cardiac disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:289-308. [PMID: 36539452 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally. An advanced understanding of cardiovascular disease mechanisms is required to improve therapeutic strategies and patient risk stratification. State-of-the-art, large-scale, single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomics facilitate the exploration of the cardiac cellular landscape at an unprecedented level, beyond its descriptive features, and can further our understanding of the mechanisms of disease and guide functional studies. In this Review, we provide an overview of the technical challenges in the experimental design of single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomics studies, as well as a discussion of the type of inferences that can be made from the data derived from these studies. Furthermore, we describe novel findings derived from transcriptomics studies for each major cardiac cell type in both health and disease, and from development to adulthood. This Review also provides a guide to interpreting the exhaustive list of newly identified cardiac cell types and states, and highlights the consensus and discordances in annotation, indicating an urgent need for standardization. We describe advanced applications such as integration of single-cell data with spatial transcriptomics to map genes and cells on tissue and define cellular microenvironments that regulate homeostasis and disease progression. Finally, we discuss current and future translational and clinical implications of novel transcriptomics approaches, and provide an outlook of how these technologies will change the way we diagnose and treat heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vaibhao Janbandhu
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Henrike Maatz
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kazumasa Kanemaru
- Cellular Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - James Cranley
- Cellular Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Cellular Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- Deptartment of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Richard P Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michela Noseda
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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8
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González-Herrera F, Anfossi R, Catalán M, Gutiérrez-Figueroa R, Maya JD, Díaz-Araya G, Vivar R. Lipoxin A4 prevents high glucose-induced inflammatory response in cardiac fibroblast through FOXO1 inhibition. Cell Signal 2023; 106:110657. [PMID: 36933776 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac cells respond to various pathophysiological stimuli, synthesizing inflammatory molecules that allow tissue repair and proper functioning of the heart; however, perpetuation of the inflammatory response can lead to cardiac fibrosis and heart dysfunction. High concentration of glucose (HG) induces an inflammatory and fibrotic response in the heart. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are resident cells of the heart that respond to deleterious stimuli, increasing the synthesis and secretion of both fibrotic and proinflammatory molecules. The molecular mechanisms that regulate inflammation in CFs are unknown, thus, it is important to find new targets that allow improving treatments for HG-induced cardiac dysfunction. NFκB is the master regulator of inflammation, while FoxO1 is a new participant in the inflammatory response, including inflammation induced by HG; however, its role in the inflammatory response of CFs is unknown. The inflammation resolution is essential for an effective tissue repair and recovery of the organ function. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is an anti-inflammatory agent with cytoprotective effects, while its cardioprotective effects have not been fully studied. Thus, in this study, we analyze the role of p65/NFκB, and FoxO1 in CFs inflammation induced by HG, evaluating the anti-inflammatory properties of LXA4. Our results demonstrated that HG induces the inflammatory response in CFs, using an in vitro and ex vivo model, while FoxO1 inhibition and silencing prevented HG effects. Additionally, LXA4 inhibited the activation of FoxO1 and p65/NFκB, and inflammation of CFs induced by HG. Therefore, our results suggest that FoxO1 and LXA4 could be novel drug targets for the treatment of HG-induced inflammatory and fibrotic disorders in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola González-Herrera
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Renatto Anfossi
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mabel Catalán
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Renata Gutiérrez-Figueroa
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Diego Maya
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Araya
- Department of Pharmacological & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Raúl Vivar
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Pharmacological & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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9
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Ma L, Zou R, Shi W, Zhou N, Chen S, Zhou H, Chen X, Wu Y. SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduces endothelial dysfunction and microvascular damage during cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury through normalizing the XO-SERCA2-CaMKII-coffilin pathways. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:5034-5050. [PMID: 35836807 PMCID: PMC9274739 DOI: 10.7150/thno.75121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Given the importance of microvascular injury in infarct formation and expansion, development of therapeutic strategies for microvascular protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is of great interest. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin (DAPA) against cardiac microvascular dysfunction mediated by IRI. Methods: DAPA effects were evaluated both in vivo, in mice subjected to IRI, and in vitro, in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). DAPA pretreatment attenuated luminal stenosis, endothelial swelling, and inflammation in cardiac microvessels of IRI-treated mice. Results: In H/R-challenged HCAECs, DAPA treatment improved endothelial barrier function, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity, and angiogenic capacity, and inhibited H/R-induced apoptosis by preventing cofilin-dependent F-actin depolymerization and cytoskeletal degradation. Inhibition of H/R-induced xanthine oxidase (XO) activation and upregulation, sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase 2 (SERCA2) oxidation and inactivation, and cytoplasmic calcium overload was further observed in DAPA-treated HCAECs. DAPA also suppressed calcium/Calmodulin (CaM)-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) activation and cofilin phosphorylation, and preserved cytoskeleton integrity and endothelial cell viability following H/R. Importantly, the beneficial effects of DAPA on cardiac microvascular integrity and endothelial cell survival were largely prevented in IRI-treated SERCA2-knockout mice. Conclusions: These results indicate that DAPA effectively reduces cardiac microvascular damage and endothelial dysfunction during IRI through inhibition of the XO-SERCA2-CaMKII-cofilin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongjun Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanting Shi
- Department of Paediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Na Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoxian Chen
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Hao Zhou, E-mail: ; Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. Xinxin Chen, E-mail: ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Yueheng Wu, E-mail: ; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Hao Zhou, E-mail: ; Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. Xinxin Chen, E-mail: ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Yueheng Wu, E-mail: ; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueheng Wu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Hao Zhou, E-mail: ; Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. Xinxin Chen, E-mail: ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Yueheng Wu, E-mail: ; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Cai C, Guo Z, Chang X, Li Z, Wu F, He J, Cao T, Wang K, Shi N, Zhou H, Toan S, Muid D, Tan Y. Empagliflozin attenuates cardiac microvascular ischemia/reperfusion through activating the AMPKα1/ULK1/FUNDC1/mitophagy pathway. Redox Biol 2022; 52:102288. [PMID: 35325804 PMCID: PMC8938627 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy preserves microvascular structure and function during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Empagliflozin, an anti-diabetes drug, may also protect mitochondria. We explored whether empagliflozin could reduce cardiac microvascular I/R injury by enhancing mitophagy. In mice, I/R injury induced luminal stenosis, microvessel wall damage, erythrocyte accumulation and perfusion defects in the myocardial microcirculation. Additionally, I/R triggered endothelial hyperpermeability and myocardial neutrophil infiltration, which upregulated adhesive factors and endothelin-1 but downregulated vascular endothelial cadherin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in heart tissue. In vitro, I/R impaired the endothelial barrier function and integrity of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs), while empagliflozin preserved CMEC homeostasis and thus maintained cardiac microvascular structure and function. I/R activated mitochondrial fission, oxidative stress and apoptotic signaling in CMECs, whereas empagliflozin normalized mitochondrial fission and fusion, neutralized supraphysiologic reactive oxygen species concentrations and suppressed mitochondrial apoptosis. Empagliflozin exerted these protective effects by activating FUNDC1-dependent mitophagy through the AMPKα1/ULK1 pathway. Both in vitro and in vivo, genetic ablation of AMPKα1 or FUNDC1 abolished the beneficial effects of empagliflozin on the myocardial microvasculature and CMECs. Taken together, the preservation of mitochondrial function through an activation of the AMPKα1/ULK1/FUNDC1/mitophagy pathway is the working mechanism of empagliflozin in attenuating cardiac microvascular I/R injury. Empagliflozin reduces I/R-induced microvascular damage. Empagliflozin suppresses I/R-induced endothelial cell damage. Empagliflozin activates FUNDC1-dependent mitophagy through the AMPKα1/ULK1 pathway. Ablation of FUNDC1 or AMPKα1 abolishes the protective effects of empagliflozin against I/R-induced microvascular damage.
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11
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Theall B, Alcaide P. The heart under pressure: immune cells in fibrotic remodeling. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 25:100484. [PMID: 35224321 PMCID: PMC8881013 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The complex syndrome of heart failure (HF) is characterized by increased left ventricular pressures. Cardiomyocytes increase in size, cardiac fibroblasts transform and make extracellular matrix, and leukocytes infiltrate the cardiac tissue and alter cardiomyocyte and cardiac fibroblast function. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of the cellular composition of the heart during homeostasis and in response to cardiac pressure overload, with an emphasis on immune cell communication with cardiac fibroblasts and its consequences in cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Theall
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,Immunology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Pilar Alcaide
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,Immunology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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