1
|
Xia L, Liu JY, Yang MY, Zhang XH, Jiang Y, Yin QQ, Luo CH, Liu HC, Kang ZJ, Zhang CT, Gao BB, Zhou AW, Cai HY, Waller EK, Yan JS, Lu Y. Osimertinib Covalently Binds to CD34 and Eliminates Myeloid Leukemia Stem/Progenitor Cells. Cancer Res 2024; 84:479-492. [PMID: 38095536 PMCID: PMC10831336 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-1632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Osimertinib is a third-generation covalent EGFR inhibitor that is used in treating non-small cell lung cancer. First-generation EGFR inhibitors were found to elicit pro-differentiation effect on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells in preclinical studies, but clinical trials yielded mostly negative results. Here, we report that osimertinib selectively induced apoptosis of CD34+ leukemia stem/progenitor cells but not CD34- cells in EGFR-negative AML and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Covalent binding of osimertinib to CD34 at cysteines 199 and 177 and suppression of Src family kinases (SFK) and downstream STAT3 activation contributed to osimertinib-induced cell death. SFK and STAT3 inhibition induced synthetic lethality with osimertinib in primary CD34+ cells. CD34 expression was elevated in AML cells compared with their normal counterparts. Genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic profiling identified mutation and gene expression signatures of patients with AML with high CD34 expression, and univariate and multivariate analyses indicated the adverse prognostic significance of high expression of CD34. Osimertinib treatment induced responses in AML patient-derived xenograft models that correlated with CD34 expression while sparing normal CD34+ cells. Clinical responses were observed in two patients with CD34high AML who were treated with osimertinib on a compassionate-use basis. These findings reveal the therapeutic potential of osimertinib for treating CD34high AML and CML and describe an EGFR-independent mechanism of osimertinib-induced cell death in myeloid leukemia. SIGNIFICANCE Osimertinib binds CD34 and selectively kills CD34+ leukemia cells to induce remission in preclinical models and patients with AML with a high percentage of CD34+ blasts, providing therapeutic options for myeloid leukemia patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xia
- Institute of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Core Facility of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Yang Liu
- Institute of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Ying Yang
- Institute of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Hong Zhang
- Center of Genome and Personalized Medicine, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qian-Qian Yin
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen-Hui Luo
- Institute of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Chen Liu
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Kang
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cheng-Tao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bei-Bei Gao
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ai-Wu Zhou
- Basic Medical Institute, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Yan Cai
- Basic Medical Institute, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Edmund K. Waller
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jin-Song Yan
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khella CA, Franciosa L, Rodirguez-Rodriguez L, Rajkarnikar R, Mythreye K, Gatza ML. HCK Promotes High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Tumorigenesis through CD44 and NOTCH3 Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:1037-1049. [PMID: 37342066 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is a highly aggressive and lethal subtype of ovarian cancer. While most patients initially respond to standard-of-care treatment, the majority will eventually relapse and succumb to their disease. Despite significant advances in our understanding of this disease, the mechanisms that govern the distinctions between HGSOC with good and poor prognosis remain unclear. In this study, we implemented a proteogenomic approach to analyze gene expression, proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiles of HGSOC tumor samples to identify molecular pathways that distinguish HGSOC tumors relative to clinical outcome. Our analyses identify significant upregulation of hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) expression and signaling in poor prognostic HGSOC patient samples. Analyses of independent gene expression datasets and IHC of patient samples confirmed increased HCK signaling in tumors relative to normal fallopian or ovarian samples and demonstrated aberrant expression in tumor epithelial cells. Consistent with the association between HCK expression and tumor aggressiveness in patient samples, in vitro phenotypic studies showed that HCK can, in part, promote cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasive capacity of cell lines. Mechanistically, HCK mediates these phenotypes, partly through CD44 and NOTCH3-dependent signaling, and inhibiting CD44 or NOTCH3 activity, either genetically or through gamma-secretase inhibitors, can revert HCK-driven phenotypes. IMPLICATIONS Collectively, these studies establish that HCK acts as an oncogenic driver of HGSOC through aberrant activation of CD44 and NOTCH3 signaling and identifies this network as a potential therapeutic opportunity in a subset of patients with aggressive and recurrent HGSOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christen A Khella
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | | | | | - Resha Rajkarnikar
- Department of Pathology and O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Karthikeyan Mythreye
- Department of Pathology and O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Michael L Gatza
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Luo S, Du S, Tao M, Cao J, Cheng P. Insights on hematopoietic cell kinase: An oncogenic player in human cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114339. [PMID: 36736283 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck) is a member of the Src family and is expressed in hematopoietic cells. By regulating multiple signaling pathways, HCK can interact with multiple receptors to regulate signaling events involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. However, aberrant expression of Hck in various hematopoietic cells and solid tumors plays a crucial role in tumor-related properties, including cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In addition, Hck signaling regulates the function of immune cells such as macrophages, contributing to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. The clinical success of various kinase inhibitors targeting the Src kinase family has validated the efficacy of targeting Src, and therapies with highly selective Hck kinase inhibitors are in clinical trials. This article reviews Hck inhibition as an emerging cancer treatment strategy, focusing on the expressions and functions of Hck in tumors and its impact on the tumor microenvironment. It also explores preclinical and clinical pharmacological strategies for Hck targeting to shed light on Hck-targeted tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Shaonan Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Mei Tao
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, 300060 Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyuan Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Du S, Alvarado JJ, Wales TE, Moroco JA, Engen JR, Smithgall TE. ATP-site inhibitors induce unique conformations of the acute myeloid leukemia-associated Src-family kinase, Fgr. Structure 2022; 30:1508-1517.e3. [PMID: 36115344 PMCID: PMC9637690 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Src-family kinase Fgr is expressed primarily in myeloid hematopoietic cells and contributes to myeloid leukemia. Here, we present X-ray crystal structures of Fgr bound to the ATP-site inhibitors A-419259 and TL02-59, which show promise as anti-leukemic agents. A-419259 induces a closed Fgr conformation, with the SH3 and SH2 domains engaging the SH2-kinase linker and C-terminal tail, respectively. In the Fgr:A-419259 complex, the activation loop of one monomer inserts into the active site of the other, providing a snapshot of trans-autophosphorylation. By contrast, TL02-59 binding induced SH2 domain displacement from the C-terminal tail and SH3 domain release from the linker. Solution studies using HDX MS were consistent with the crystal structures, with A-419259 reducing and TL02-59 enhancing solvent exposure of the SH3 domain. These structures demonstrate that allosteric connections between the kinase and regulatory domains of Src-family kinases are regulated by the ligand bound to the active site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoucheng Du
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Bridgeside Point II, Suite 523, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - John J Alvarado
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Bridgeside Point II, Suite 523, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Thomas E Wales
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jamie A Moroco
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John R Engen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas E Smithgall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Bridgeside Point II, Suite 523, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Inhibition of HCK in myeloid cells restricts pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
6
|
Opposing roles of ZEB1 in the cytoplasm and nucleus control cytoskeletal assembly and YAP1 activity. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
7
|
He H, Wang Z, Yu H, Zhang G, Wen Y, Cai Z. Prioritizing risk genes as novel stratification biomarkers for acute monocytic leukemia by integrative analysis. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:55. [PMID: 35771283 PMCID: PMC9247126 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a blood cancer with high heterogeneity and stratified as M0-M7 subtypes in the French-American-British (FAB) diagnosis system. Improved diagnosis with leverage of key molecular inputs will assist precisive medicine. Through deep-analyzing the transcriptomic data and mutations of AML, we report that a modern clustering algorithm, t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE), successfully demarcates M2, M3 and M5 territories while M4 bias to M5 and M0 & M1 bias to M2, consistent with the traditional FAB classification. Combining with mutation profiles, the results show that top recurrent AML mutations were unbiasedly allocated into M2 and M5 territories, indicating the t-SNE instructed transcriptomic stratification profoundly outperforms mutation profiling in the FAB system. Further functional data mining prioritizes several myeloid-specific genes as potential regulators of AML progression and treatment by Venetoclax, a BCL2 inhibitor. Among them two encode membrane proteins, LILRB4 and LRRC25, which could be utilized as cell surface biomarkers for monocytic AML or for innovative immuno-therapy candidates in future. In summary, our deep functional data-mining analysis warrants several unappreciated immune signaling-encoding genes as novel diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang He
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hanzhi Yu
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guorong Zhang
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuchen Wen
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhigang Cai
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Rheumatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Poh AR, Love CG, Chisanga D, Steer JH, Baloyan D, Chopin M, Nutt S, Rautela J, Huntington ND, Etemadi N, O’Brien M, O’Keefe R, Ellies LG, Macri C, Mintern JD, Whitehead L, Gangadhara G, Boon L, Chand AL, Lowell CA, Shi W, Pixley FJ, Ernst M. Therapeutic inhibition of the SRC-kinase HCK facilitates T cell tumor infiltration and improves response to immunotherapy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl7882. [PMID: 35731867 PMCID: PMC9216510 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl7882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Although immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, many immunogenic tumors remain refractory to treatment. This can be largely attributed to an immunologically "cold" tumor microenvironment characterized by an accumulation of immunosuppressive myeloid cells and exclusion of activated T cells. Here, we demonstrate that genetic ablation or therapeutic inhibition of the myeloid-specific hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) enables activity of antagonistic anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD1), anti-CTLA4, or agonistic anti-CD40 immunotherapies in otherwise refractory tumors and augments response in treatment-susceptible tumors. Mechanistically, HCK ablation reprograms tumor-associated macrophages and dendritic cells toward an inflammatory endotype and enhances CD8+ T cell recruitment and activation when combined with immunotherapy in mice. Meanwhile, therapeutic inhibition of HCK in humanized mice engrafted with patient-derived xenografts counteracts tumor immunosuppression, improves T cell recruitment, and impairs tumor growth. Collectively, our results suggest that therapeutic targeting of HCK activity enhances response to immunotherapy by simultaneously stimulating immune cell activation and inhibiting the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R. Poh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Christopher G. Love
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - David Chisanga
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - James H. Steer
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - David Baloyan
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Michaël Chopin
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Stephen Nutt
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jai Rautela
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3186, Australia
- oNKo-Innate Pty Ltd, Moonee Ponds, Victoria 3039, Australia
| | - Nicholas D. Huntington
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3186, Australia
- oNKo-Innate Pty Ltd, Moonee Ponds, Victoria 3039, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3186, Australia
| | - Nima Etemadi
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Megan O’Brien
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Ryan O’Keefe
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Lesley G. Ellies
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Christophe Macri
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Justine D. Mintern
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Lachlan Whitehead
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Gangadhara Gangadhara
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | | | - Ashwini L. Chand
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | | | - Wei Shi
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Fiona J. Pixley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kasner MT, Halloran MB, Pan J, Ritchie EK, Fetterly GJ, Kramer D, Hangauer DG, Thompson JE. A phase Ib dose escalation study of oral monotherapy with KX2-391 in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:773-781. [PMID: 35579731 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01255-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poor tolerance to standard therapies and multi-drug resistance complicate treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is therefore imperative to explore novel tolerable agents and target alternative pathways. KX2-391 is an oral non-ATP-competitive inhibitor of Src kinase and tubulin polymerization. This multi-center phase Ib open-label safety and activity study involved elderly patients with relapsed or refractory AML, or who declined standard chemotherapy. Twenty-four patients averaging 74 years of age were enrolled. The majority previously received hypomethylating agents. Five doses were tested: 40 mg (n = 1), 80 mg (n = 2), 120 mg (n = 8), 140 mg (n = 12), and 160 mg (n = 1). Seven patients were treated for 12 days or less, nine for 15-29 days, five for 33-58 days, and three for 77-165 days. One patient receiving 120 mg for 165 days had reduced splenomegaly and survived 373 days. Another had no evidence of disease progression for 154 days. One patient receiving 160 mg for 12 days remained treatment-free for about 18 months. Dose-limiting toxicities occurred in eight patients at: 120 mg (transaminitis, hyperbilirubinemia), 140 mg (mucositis, allergic reaction, transaminitis, acute kidney injury), and 160 mg (mucositis). The maximum tolerated dose for KX2-391 was 120 mg once daily. KX2-391 bone marrow concentrations were approximately similar to plasma concentrations. This is the first study to evaluate the safety of KX2-391 in elderly patients with AML. Further studies are warranted, including alternative dosing phase I trials evaluating shorter courses at higher doses and phase II trials. (Clinical Trial Registration:The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01397799 (July 20, 2011)).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret T Kasner
- Thomas Jefferson University, 834 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| | - Molly B Halloran
- Thomas Jefferson University, 834 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Jonathan Pan
- Cooper University Healthcare, 2 Cooper Plaza, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
| | - Ellen K Ritchie
- Weill Cornell Medicine, 530 East 70th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Gerald J Fetterly
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Douglas Kramer
- Athenex Pharmaceuticals, 701 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - David G Hangauer
- Athenex Pharmaceuticals, 701 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - James E Thompson
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang G, Wang J, Tan L, Munshi M, Liu X, Kofides A, Chen JG, Tsakmaklis N, Demos MG, Guerrera ML, Xu L, Hunter ZR, Che J, Patterson CJ, Meid K, Castillo JJ, Munshi NC, Anderson KC, Cameron M, Buhrlage SJ, Gray NS, Treon SP. The HCK/BTK inhibitor KIN-8194 is active in MYD88-driven lymphomas and overcomes mutated BTKCys481 ibrutinib resistance. Blood 2021; 138:1966-1979. [PMID: 34132782 PMCID: PMC8602936 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations in MYD88 promote malignant cell growth and survival through hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK)-mediated activation of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK). Ibrutinib binds to BTKCys481 and is active in B-cell malignancies driven by mutated MYD88. Mutations in BTKCys481, particularly BTKCys481Ser, are common in patients with acquired ibrutinib resistance. We therefore performed an extensive medicinal chemistry campaign and identified KIN-8194 as a novel dual inhibitor of HCK and BTK. KIN-8194 showed potent and selective in vitro killing of MYD88-mutated lymphoma cells, including ibrutinib-resistant BTKCys481Ser-expressing cells. KIN-8194 demonstrated excellent bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters, with good tolerance in rodent models at pharmacologically achievable and active doses. Pharmacodynamic studies showed sustained inhibition of HCK and BTK for 24 hours after single oral administration of KIN-8194 in an MYD88-mutated TMD-8 activated B-cell diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC DLBCL) and BCWM.1 Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) xenografted mice with wild-type BTK (BTKWT)- or BTKCys481Ser-expressing tumors. KIN-8194 showed superior survival benefit over ibrutinib in both BTKWT- and BTKCys481Ser-expressing TMD-8 DLBCL xenografted mice, including sustained complete responses of >12 weeks off treatment in mice with BTKWT-expressing TMD-8 tumors. The BCL_2 inhibitor venetoclax enhanced the antitumor activity of KIN-8194 in BTKWT- and BTKCys481Ser-expressing MYD88-mutated lymphoma cells and markedly reduced tumor growth and prolonged survival in mice with BTKCys481Ser-expressing TMD-8 tumors treated with both drugs. The findings highlight the feasibility of targeting HCK, a key driver of mutated MYD88 pro-survival signaling, and provide a framework for the advancement of KIN-8194 for human studies in B-cell malignancies driven by HCK and BTK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Xia Liu
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lian Xu
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia
| | - Zachary R Hunter
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jinwei Che
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Jorge J Castillo
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nikhil C Munshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and
| | - Kenneth C Anderson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and
| | - Michael Cameron
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA
| | - Sara J Buhrlage
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Steven P Treon
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang L, Yang Z, Sang H, Jiang Y, Zhou M, Huang C, Huang C, Wu X, Zhang T, Zhang X, Wan S, Zhang J. Identification of imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-one derivatives as novel Src family kinase inhibitors against glioblastoma. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1541-1552. [PMID: 34238111 PMCID: PMC8274516 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1948542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumour in the central nervous system (CNS). As the ideal targets for GBM treatment, Src family kinases (SFKs) have attracted much attention. Herein, a new series of imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-one derivatives were designed and synthesised as SFK inhibitors. Compounds 1d, 1e, 1q, 1s exhibited potential Src and Fyn kinase inhibition in the submicromolar range, of which were next tested for their antiproliferative potency on four GBM cell lines. Compound 1s showed effective activity against U87, U251, T98G, and U87-EGFRvIII GBM cell lines, comparable to that of lead compound PP2. Molecular dynamics (MDs) simulation revealed the possible binding patterns of the most active compound 1s in ATP binding site of SFKs. ADME prediction suggested that 1s accord with the criteria of CNS drugs. These results led us to identify a novel SFK inhibitor as candidate for GBM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lishun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zichao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Huiting Sang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Mingfeng Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chuan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chunhui Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xingmei Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shanhe Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiajie Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li Z, Wang F, Tian X, Long J, Ling B, Zhang W, Xu J, Liang A. HCK maintains the self-renewal of leukaemia stem cells via CDK6 in AML. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:210. [PMID: 34167558 PMCID: PMC8223385 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Leukaemia stem cells (LSCs) are responsible for the initiation, maintenance, and recurrence of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), an aggressive haematological malignancy associated with drug resistance and relapse. Identifying therapeutic LSC targets is critical to curing AML. Methods Bioinformatics databases were used to identify therapeutic LSC targets. The conditional knockout mice were used to analyse the role of HCK in leukaemogenesis or normal haematopoiesis. Colony-forming assays, cell counting, and flow cytometry were used to detect the viability and function of leukaemia cells. RT-PCR, western blotting, and RNA sequencing were used to detect mRNA and protein expression. Result HCK is expressed at higher levels in LSCs than in haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and high HCK levels are correlated with reduced survival time in AML patients. Knockdown of HCK leads to cell cycle arrest, which results in a dramatic decrease in the proliferation and colony formation in human AML cell lines. Moreover, HCK is required for leukemogenesis and leukaemia maintenance in vivo and in vitro. HCK is necessary for the self-renewal of LSCs during serial transplantation and limiting dilution assay. The phenotypes resulting from HCK deficiency can be rescued by CDK6 overexpression in the human cell line. RNA sequencing and gene expression have demonstrated that HCK may sustain cell cycle entry and maintain the self-renewal ability of LSCs through activating the ERK1/2-c-Myc-CDK6 signalling axis. In contrast, HCK deletion does not affect normal haematopoiesis or haematopoietic reconstruction in mice. Conclusions HCK maintains the self-renewal of leukaemia stem cells via CDK6 in AML and may be an ideal therapeutic target for eradicating LSCs without influencing normal haematopoiesis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02007-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Fangce Wang
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Tian
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jun Long
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Bin Ling
- The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 650000, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Jun Xu
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Aibin Liang
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hashimoto M, Saito Y, Nakagawa R, Ogahara I, Takagi S, Takata S, Amitani H, Endo M, Yuki H, Ramilowski JA, Severin J, Manabe RI, Watanabe T, Ozaki K, Kaneko A, Kajita H, Fujiki S, Sato K, Honma T, Uchida N, Fukami T, Okazaki Y, Ohara O, Shultz LD, Yamada M, Taniguchi S, Vyas P, de Hoon M, Momozawa Y, Ishikawa F. Combined inhibition of XIAP and BCL2 drives maximal therapeutic efficacy in genetically diverse aggressive acute myeloid leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2:340-356. [DOI: 10.1038/s43018-021-00177-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
14
|
Chakraborty MP, Bhattacharyya S, Roy S, Bhattacharya I, Das R, Mukherjee A. Selective targeting of the inactive state of hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck) with a stable curcumin derivative. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100449. [PMID: 33617879 PMCID: PMC7946438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hck, a Src family nonreceptor tyrosine kinase (SFK), has recently been established as an attractive pharmacological target to improve pulmonary function in COVID-19 patients. Hck inhibitors are also well known for their regulatory role in various malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Curcumin has been previously identified as an excellent DYRK-2 inhibitor, but curcumin's fate is tainted by its instability in the cellular environment. Besides, small molecules targeting the inactive states of a kinase are desirable to reduce promiscuity. Here, we show that functionalization of the 4-arylidene position of the fluorescent curcumin scaffold with an aryl nitrogen mustard provides a stable Hck inhibitor (Kd = 50 ± 10 nM). The mustard curcumin derivative preferentially interacts with the inactive conformation of Hck, similar to type-II kinase inhibitors that are less promiscuous. Moreover, the lead compound showed no inhibitory effect on three other kinases (DYRK2, Src, and Abl). We demonstrate that the cytotoxicity may be mediated via inhibition of the SFK signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer and murine macrophage cells. Our data suggest that curcumin is a modifiable fluorescent scaffold to develop selective kinase inhibitors by remodeling its target affinity and cellular stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manas Pratim Chakraborty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur, India
| | - Sudipta Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur, India
| | - Souryadip Roy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur, India
| | - Indira Bhattacharya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur, India
| | - Rahul Das
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur, India; Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur, India.
| | - Arindam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur, India; Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Patel RK, Patel YK, Smithgall TE. In Vitro Evolution Reveals a Single Mutation as Sole Source of Src-Family Kinase C-Helix-out Inhibitor Resistance. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:2175-2184. [PMID: 32602694 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding cancer cell drug resistance to protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which often arises from acquired mutations in the target kinase, is central to the development of more durable therapies. Experimental systems that reveal potential paths to resistance for a given inhibitor and kinase target have an important role in preclinical development of kinase inhibitor drugs. Here, we employed a codon mutagenesis strategy to define the mutational landscape of acquired resistance in HCK, a member of the SRC tyrosine kinase family and therapeutic target in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Using PCR-based saturation mutagenesis, we created a cDNA library designed to replace each codon in the HCK open reading frame with all possible codons. This HCK mutant library was used to transform Rat-2 fibroblasts, followed by selection for resistant colonies with A-419259, a pyrrolopyrimidine HCK inhibitor and drug lead for AML. X-ray crystallography has shown that A-419259 binding induces outward rotation of the kinase domain αC-helix, a conformation incompatible with phosphotransfer. Remarkably, only a single resistance mutation evolved during A-419259 selection: histidine substitution for threonine at the gatekeeper position in the kinase domain. Deep sequencing confirmed representation of nearly all other missense mutations across the entire HCK open reading frame. This observation suggests that A-419259 and other C-helix-out Src-family kinase inhibitors may have a narrow path to acquired resistance in the context of AML cases where Hck is an oncogenic driver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi K. Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, United States
| | - Yash K. Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, United States
| | - Thomas E. Smithgall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Voisset E, Brenet F, Lopez S, de Sepulveda P. SRC-Family Kinases in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia and Mastocytosis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071996. [PMID: 32708273 PMCID: PMC7409304 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine kinases have been recognized as important actors of cell transformation and cancer progression, since their discovery as products of viral oncogenes. SRC-family kinases (SFKs) play crucial roles in normal hematopoiesis. Not surprisingly, they are hyperactivated and are essential for membrane receptor downstream signaling in hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and mastocytosis. The precise roles of SFKs are difficult to delineate due to the number of substrates, the functional redundancy among members, and the use of tools that are not selective. Yet, a large num ber of studies have accumulated evidence to support that SFKs are rational therapeutic targets in AML and mastocytosis. These two pathologies are regulated by two related receptor tyrosine kinases, which are well known in the field of hematology: FLT3 and KIT. FLT3 is one of the most frequently mutated genes in AML, while KIT oncogenic mutations occur in 80-90% of mastocytosis. Studies on oncogenic FLT3 and KIT signaling have shed light on specific roles for members of the SFK family. This review highlights the central roles of SFKs in AML and mastocytosis, and their interconnection with FLT3 and KIT oncoproteins.
Collapse
|
17
|
Identification of the SRC-family tyrosine kinase HCK as a therapeutic target in mantle cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2020; 35:881-886. [PMID: 32591642 PMCID: PMC7932922 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0934-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtype arising from naïve B cells. Although novel therapeutics have improved patient prognosis, drug resistance remains a key problem. Here, we show that the SRC-family tyrosine kinase hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK), which is primarily expressed in the hematopoietic lineage but not in mature B cells, is aberrantly expressed in MCL, and that high expression of HCK is associated with inferior prognosis of MCL patients. HCK expression is controlled by the toll-like receptor (TLR) adaptor protein MYD88 and can be enhanced by TLR agonists in MCL cell lines and primary MCL. In line with this, primary MCL with high HCK expression are enriched for a TLR-signaling pathway gene set. Silencing of HCK expression results in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, HCK controls integrin-mediated adhesion of MCL cells to extracellular matrix and stromal cells. Taken together, our data indicate that TLR/MYD88-controlled aberrant expression of HCK plays a critical role in MCL proliferation and survival as well as in retention of the malignant cells in the growth- and survival-supporting lymphoid organ microenvironment, thereby contributing to lymphomagenesis. These novel insights provide a strong rationale for therapeutic targeting of HCK in MCL.
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3) mutations occur in approximately 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases, suggesting FLT3 as an attractive target for AML treatment. Early FLT3 inhibitors enhance antileukemia efficacy by inhibiting multiple targets, and thus had stronger off-target activity, increasing their toxicity. Recently, a number of potent and selective FLT3 inhibitors have been developed, many of which are effective against multiple mutations. This review outlines the evolution of AML-targeting FLT3 inhibitors by focusing on their chemotypes, selectivity and activity over FLT3 wild-type and FLT3 mutations as well as new techniques related to FLT3. Compounds that currently enter the late clinical stage or have entered the market are also briefly reported.
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang Y, Okamoto CT. Nucleotide binding domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin domain-containing protein 12: characterization of its binding to hematopoietic cell kinase. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1507-1525. [PMID: 32226298 PMCID: PMC7097926 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.41798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are key to define the function of nucleotide binding domain (NBD) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) family, pyrin domain (PYD)-containing protein 12 (NLRP12). cDNA encoding the human PYD + NBD of NLRP12 was used as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen with a human leukocyte cDNA library as prey. Hematopoiesis cell kinase (HCK), a member of the c-SRC family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, was among the top hits. The C-terminal 40 amino acids of HCK selectively bound to NLRP12's PYD + NBD, but not to that of NLRP3 and NLRP8. Amino acids F503, I506, Q507, L510, and D511 of HCK are critical for the binding of HCK's C-terminal 40 amino acids to NLRP12's PYD + NBD. Additionally, the C-terminal 30 amino acids of HCK are sufficient to bind to NLRP12's PYD + NBD, but not to its PYD alone nor to its NBD alone. In cell lines that express HCK endogenously, it was co- immunoprecipitated with stably expressed exogenous NLRP12. Also, NLRP12 co-immunoprecipitated and co-localized with HCK when both were overexpressed in 293T cells. In addition, in this overexpression system, steady-state NLRP12 protein expression levels significantly decreased when HCK was co-expressed. Bioinformatic analysis showed that HCK mRNA co-occurred with NLRP12 mRNA, but not with other NLRP mRNAs, in blood and marrow samples from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The mRNA of NLRP12 is also co-expressed with HCK in AML patient samples, and the levels of mRNA expression of each are correlated. Together these data suggest that NLRP12, through its binding to HCK, may have an effect on the pathogenesis of AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, USA 90089-9121
| | - Curtis T Okamoto
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, USA 90089-9121
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Poh AR, Dwyer AR, Eissmann MF, Chand AL, Baloyan D, Boon L, Murrey MW, Whitehead L, O'Brien M, Lowell CA, Putoczki TL, Pixley FJ, O'Donoghue RJJ, Ernst M. Inhibition of the SRC Kinase HCK Impairs STAT3-Dependent Gastric Tumor Growth in Mice. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:428-435. [PMID: 31992566 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Persistent activation of the latent transcription factor STAT3 is observed in gastric tumor epithelial and immune cells and is associated with a poor patient prognosis. Although targeting STAT3-activating upstream kinases offers therapeutically viable targets with limited specificity, direct inhibition of STAT3 remains challenging. Here we provide functional evidence that myeloid-specific hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) activity can drive STAT3-dependent epithelial tumor growth in mice and is associated with alternative macrophage activation alongside matrix remodeling and tumor cell invasion. Accordingly, genetic reduction of HCK expression in bone marrow-derived cells or systemic pharmacologic inhibition of HCK activity suppresses alternative macrophage polarization and epithelial STAT3 activation, and impairs tumor growth. These data validate HCK as a molecular target for the treatment of human solid tumors harboring excessive STAT3 activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R Poh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy R Dwyer
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Moritz F Eissmann
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ashwini L Chand
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Baloyan
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Michael W Murrey
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lachlan Whitehead
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Megan O'Brien
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Tracy L Putoczki
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona J Pixley
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert J J O'Donoghue
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Patel RK, Weir MC, Shen K, Snyder D, Cooper VS, Smithgall TE. Expression of myeloid Src-family kinases is associated with poor prognosis in AML and influences Flt3-ITD kinase inhibitor acquired resistance. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225887. [PMID: 31790499 PMCID: PMC6886798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Unregulated protein-tyrosine kinase signaling is a common feature of AML, often involving mutations in Flt3 and overexpression of myeloid Src-family kinases (Hck, Fgr, Lyn). Here we show that high-level expression of these Src kinases predicts poor survival in a large cohort of AML patients. To test the therapeutic benefit of Flt3 and Src-family kinase inhibition, we used the pyrrolopyrimidine kinase inhibitor A-419259. This compound potently inhibits Hck, Fgr, and Lyn as well as Flt3 bearing an activating internal tandem duplication (ITD). Flt3-ITD expression sensitized human TF-1 myeloid cells to growth arrest by A-419259, supporting direct action on the Flt3-ITD kinase domain. Cells transformed with the Flt3-ITD mutants D835Y and F691L were resistant to A-419259, while co-expression of Hck or Fgr restored inhibitor sensitivity to Flt3-ITD D835Y. Conversely, Hck and Fgr mutants with engineered A-419259 resistance mutations decreased sensitivity of TF-1/Flt3-ITD cells. To investigate de novo resistance mechanisms, A-419259-resistant Flt3-ITD+ AML cell populations were derived via long-term dose escalation. Whole exome sequencing identified a distinct Flt3-ITD kinase domain mutation (N676S/T) among all A-419259 target kinases in each of six independent resistant cell populations. These studies show that Hck and Fgr expression influences inhibitor sensitivity and the pathway to acquired resistance in Flt3-ITD+ AML.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Mutation, Missense
- Prognosis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-hck/biosynthesis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-hck/genetics
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Pyrroles/pharmacology
- Exome Sequencing
- fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/antagonists & inhibitors
- fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/genetics
- fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/metabolism
- src-Family Kinases/biosynthesis
- src-Family Kinases/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi K. Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mark C. Weir
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kexin Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Daniel Snyder
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Vaughn S. Cooper
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Thomas E. Smithgall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dorman HR, Close D, Wingert BM, Camacho CJ, Johnston PA, Smithgall TE. Discovery of Non-peptide Small Molecule Allosteric Modulators of the Src-family Kinase, Hck. Front Chem 2019; 7:822. [PMID: 31850311 PMCID: PMC6893557 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The eight mammalian Src-family tyrosine kinases are dynamic, multi-domain structures, which adopt distinct “open” and “closed” conformations. In the closed conformation, the regulatory SH3 and SH2 domains pack against the back of the kinase domain, providing allosteric control of kinase activity. Small molecule ligands that engage the regulatory SH3-SH2 region have the potential to modulate Src-family kinase activity for therapeutic advantage. Here we describe an HTS-compatible fluorescence polarization assay to identify small molecules that interact with the unique-SH3-SH2-linker (U32L) region of Hck, a Src-family member expressed exclusively in cells of myeloid lineage. Hck has significant potential as a drug target in acute myeloid leukemia, an aggressive form of cancer with substantial unmet clinical need. The assay combines recombinant Hck U32L protein with a fluorescent probe peptide that binds to the SH3 domain in U32L, resulting in an increased FP signal. Library compounds that interact with the U32L protein and interfere with probe binding reduce the FP signal, scoring as hits. Automated 384-well high-throughput screening of 60,000 compounds yielded Z'-factor coefficients > 0.7 across nearly 200 assay plates, and identified a series of hit compounds with a shared pyrimidine diamine substructure. Surface plasmon resonance assays confirmed direct binding of hit compounds to the Hck U32L target protein as well as near-full-length Hck. Binding was not observed with the individual SH3 and SH2 domains, demonstrating that these compounds recognize a specific three-dimensional conformation of the regulatory regions. This conclusion is supported by computational docking studies, which predict ligand contacts with a pocket formed by the juxtaposition of the SH3 domain, the SH3-SH2 domain connector, and the SH2-kinase linker. Each of the four validated hits stimulated recombinant, near-full-length Hck activity in vitro, providing evidence for allosteric effects on the kinase domain. These results provide a path to discovery and development of chemical scaffolds to target the regulatory regions of Hck and other Src family kinases as a new approach to pharmacological kinase control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather R Dorman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - David Close
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Bentley M Wingert
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Carlos J Camacho
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Paul A Johnston
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Thomas E Smithgall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Moriyama K, Hori T. BCR-ABL induces tyrosine phosphorylation of YAP leading to expression of Survivin and Cyclin D1 in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Int J Hematol 2019; 110:591-598. [PMID: 31428968 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-019-02726-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we studied downstream signals of BCR-ABL with regard to Src family kinases and YAP, a transcription cofactor and an effector of the Hippo pathway. We first checked the phosphorylation status of YAP and found that it was constitutively phosphorylated at tyrosine 357 in CML-derived cell lines (TCC-S and K562) but not in AML-derived cell lines (HL-60 and KG-1a). Treatment with imatinib or RK-20449 inhibited cell growth and decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of YAP in both CML lines. Expression of Survivin or Cyclin D1 was decreased in TCC-S, but not in either HL-60 or KG-1a. Furthermore, we established BCR-ABL stable transfectant and control empty vector transfectant from TF-1, a factor-dependent human erythroleukemia cell line, to verify our results obtained with CML cell lines. YAP was phosphorylated at Y357 constitutively in BCR-ABL stable transfectant but not in control transfectant, and treatment with imatinib or RK-20449, a Src family kinase-specific inhibitor, inhibited cell growth, YAP tyrosine phosphorylation, and expression of Cyclin D1 in BCR-ABL stable transfectant. These results suggest that BCR-ABL induces tyrosine phosphorylation of YAP presumably through Src family kinases, which results in expression of Survivin and Cyclin D leading to leukemogenesis in CML cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Moriyama
- Biomedical Sciences Course, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hori
- Biomedical Sciences Course, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Naganna N, Opoku-Temeng C, Choi EY, Larocque E, Chang ET, Carter-Cooper BA, Wang M, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Elzey BD, Lapidus RG, Sintim HO. Amino alkynylisoquinoline and alkynylnaphthyridine compounds potently inhibit acute myeloid leukemia proliferation in mice. EBioMedicine 2019; 40:231-239. [PMID: 30686755 PMCID: PMC6413339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains one of the most lethal, rarely cured cancers, despite decades of active development of AML therapeutics. Currently, the 5-year survival of AML patients is about 30% and for elderly patients, the rate drops to <10%. About 30% of AML patients harbor an activating mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) of Fms-Like Tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) or a FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD). Inhibitors of FLT3, such as Rydapt that was recently approved by the FDA, have shown good initial response but patients often relapse due to secondary mutations in the FLT3 TKD, like D835Y and F691 L mutations. METHODS Alkynyl aminoisoquinoline and naphthyridine compounds were synthesized via Sonogashira coupling. The compounds were evaluated for their in vitro and in vivo effects on leukemia growth. FINDINGS The compounds inhibited FLT3 kinase activity at low nanomolar concentrations. The lead compound, HSN431, also inhibited Src kinase activity. The compounds potently inhibited the viability of MV4-11 and MOLM-14 AML cells with IC50 values <1 nM. Furthermore, the viability of drug-resistant AML cells harboring the D835Y and F691 L mutations were potently inhibited. In vivo efficacy studies in mice demonstrated that the compounds could drastically reduce AML proliferation in mice. INTERPRETATION Compounds that inhibit FLT3 and downstream targets like Src (for example HSN431) are good leads for development as anti-AML agents. FUND: Purdue University, Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery (PIDD), Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Elks Foundation and NIH P30 CA023168.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Naganna
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Clement Opoku-Temeng
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Graduate Program in Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Eun Yong Choi
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Larocque
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | | | - Modi Wang
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Rena G Lapidus
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Herman O Sintim
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kim Y, Hayashi M, Ono T, Yoda T, Takayanagi H, Nakashima T. Suppression of hematopoietic cell kinase ameliorates the bone destruction associated with inflammation. Mod Rheumatol 2019; 30:85-92. [PMID: 30486712 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2018.1553266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the role of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) in inflammation-induced osteoclastogenesis.Methods: Microarray analyses of global mRNA expression during receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and RANKL plus tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced osteoclast differentiation were performed. The inhibitory effect on TNF-α-induced osteoclast differentiation of A-419259, a potent inhibitor of hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck), was examined. The in vivo therapeutic effect of A-419259 treatment on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory bone destruction was evaluated.Results: We confirmed that Hck expression was selectively increased among the NRTKs during the osteoclast differentiation induced by RANKL and TNF-α, but not by RANKL alone. RANKL and TNF-α-induced osteoclast differentiation and they were dose-dependently inhibited by A-419259 treatment through inhibition of the expression of key regulators of osteoclastogenesis, including Prdm1 and Nfatc1. Notably, LPS-induced inflammatory bone loss in murine calvarial bones was ameliorated by the administration of A-419259.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the administration of A-419259 is effective for the inhibition of osteoclast differentiation induced by TNF-α in the presence of RANKL. Therefore, an inhibitor of Hck may be useful as a potent anti-osteoclastogenic agent for the treatment of inflammatory bone destruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusoon Kim
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikihito Hayashi
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehito Ono
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yoda
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takayanagi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakashima
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Leukemia Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis, Progression, and Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1143:95-128. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7342-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
27
|
Yamaga Y, Fukuda A, Nakanishi Y, Goto N, Matsumoto Y, Yoshioka T, Maruno T, Chiba T, Seno H. Gene expression profile of Dclk1 + cells in intestinal tumors. Dig Liver Dis 2018; 50:1353-1361. [PMID: 30001952 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence has shown the existence of tumor stem cells with therapeutic potential. Previously, we reported that doublecortin like kinase 1 (Dclk1) marks tumor stem cells but not normal stem cells in the intestine of ApcMin/+ mice, and that Dclk1- and Lgr5-double positive tumor cells are the tumor stem cells of intestinal tumors. AIM To investigate molecules highly expressed in the Dclk1+ normal intestinal and Dclk1+ tumor cells in ApcMin/+ mice. METHODS We used microarray analyses to examine the gene expression profile of Dclk1+ cells in both mouse normal intestinal epithelium and ApcMin/+ mouse intestinal tumors. We also performed immunofluorescence analyses. RESULTS Genes related to microtubules and the actin cytoskeleton (e.g., Rac2), and members of the Src family kinases (i.e., Hck, Lyn, Csk, and Ptpn6) were highly expressed in both Dclk1+ normal intestinal and Dclk1+ tumor cells. Phosphorylated Hck and phosphorylated Lyn were expressed in Lgr5+ cells in the intestinal tumors of Lgr5EGFP-IRES-CreERT2/+; ApcMin/+ mice. CONCLUSION We revealed factors that are highly expressed in Dclk1+ intestinal tumor cells, which may help to develop cancer stem cell-targeted therapy in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Yamaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihisa Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakanishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norihiro Goto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuto Yoshioka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahisa Maruno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Chiba
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shen K, Moroco JA, Patel RK, Shi H, Engen JR, Dorman HR, Smithgall TE. The Src family kinase Fgr is a transforming oncoprotein that functions independently of SH3-SH2 domain regulation. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/553/eaat5916. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aat5916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Fgr is a member of the Src family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, which are overexpressed and constitutively active in many human cancers. Fgr expression is restricted to myeloid hematopoietic cells and is markedly increased in a subset of bone marrow samples from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we investigated the oncogenic potential of Fgr using Rat-2 fibroblasts that do not express the kinase. Expression of either wild-type or regulatory tail-mutant constructs of Fgr promoted cellular transformation (inferred from colony formation in soft agar), which was accompanied by phosphorylation of the Fgr activation loop, suggesting that the kinase domain of Fgr functions independently of regulation by its noncatalytic SH3-SH2 region. Unlike other family members, recombinant Fgr was not activated by SH3-SH2 domain ligands. However, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry data suggested that the regulatory SH3 and SH2 domains packed against the back of the kinase domain in a Src-like manner. Sequence alignment showed that the activation loop of Fgr was distinct from that of all other Src family members, with proline rather than alanine at the +2 position relative to the activation loop tyrosine. Substitution of the activation loop of Fgr with the sequence from Src partially inhibited kinase activity and suppressed colony formation. Last, Fgr expression enhanced the sensitivity of human myeloid progenitor cells to the cytokine GM-CSF. Because its kinase domain is not sensitive to SH3-SH2–mediated control, simple overexpression of Fgr without mutation may contribute to oncogenic transformation in AML and other blood cancers.
Collapse
|
29
|
Lee JH, El-Damasy AK, Seo SH, Gadhe CG, Pae AN, Jeong N, Hong SS, Keum G. Novel 5,6-disubstituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as broad spectrum antiproliferative agents: Synthesis, cell based assays, kinase profile and molecular docking study. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:5596-5611. [PMID: 30385226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Two new series of 5-subtituted and 5,6-disubstituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine octamides (4a-o and 6a-g) and their corresponding free amines 5a-m and 7a-g have been synthesized and biologically evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines. The 5,6-disubstituted octamides 6d-g as well as the amine derivative 7b have shown the best anticancer activity with single digit micromolar GI50 values over the tested cancer cells, and low cytotoxic effects (GI50 > 10.0 µM) against HFF-1 normal cell. A structure activity relationship (SAR) study has been established and disclosed that terminal octamide moiety at C2 as well as disubstitution with fluorobenzyl piperazines at C5 and C6 of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine are the key structural features prerequisite for best antiproliferative activity. Moreover, the most active member 6f was tested for its antiproliferative activity over a panel of 60 cancer cell lines at NCI, and exhibited distinct broad spectrum anticancer activity with submicromolar GI50 and TGI values over multiple cancer cells. Kinase profile of compound 6f over 53 oncogenic kinases at 10 µM concentration showed its highly selective inhibitory activity towards FGFR4, Tie2 and TrkA kinases. The observed activity of 6f against TrkA (IC50 = 2.25 µM), FGFR4 (IC50 = 6.71 µM) and Tie2 (IC50 = 6.84 µM) was explained by molecular docking study, which also proposed that 6f may be a type III kinase inhibitor, binding to an allosteric site rather than kinase hinge region. Overall, compound 6f may serve as a promising anticancer lead compound that could be further optimized for development of potent anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hyeon Lee
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Anam-ro 145 Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashraf K El-Damasy
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Seon Hee Seo
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Changdev G Gadhe
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Nakcheol Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Anam-ro 145 Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Sun Hong
- Department of Drug Development, College of Medicine, Inha University, 3-ga, Sinheung-dong, Jung-gu, Incheon 400-712, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gyochang Keum
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhu F, Huang R, Li J, Liao X, Huang Y, Lai Y. Identification of Key Genes and Pathways Associated with RUNX1 Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Using Bioinformatics Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7100-7108. [PMID: 30289875 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RUNXl plays a key regulatory role in the process of hematopoiesis and is a common target for multiple chromosomal translocations in human acute leukemia. Mutations of RUNX1 gene can lead to acute leukemia and affect the prognosis of AML patients. We aimed to identify pivotal genes and pathways involved in RUNX1-mutated patients of with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and to explore possible molecular markers for novel therapeutic targets of the disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS The RNA sequencing datasets of 151 cases of AML were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using edgeR of the R platform. PPI (protein-protein interaction) network clustering modules were analyzed with ClusterONE, and the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analyses for modules were performed. RESULTS A total of 379 genes were identified as DEGs. The KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs showed significantly enriched pathways in cancer, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction pathway, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway. The top 10 genes ranked by degree were PRKACG, ANKRD7, RNFL7, ROPN11, TEX14, PRMT8, OTOA, CFAP99, NRXN1, and DMRT1, which were identified as hub genes from the protein-protein interaction network (PPI). Statistical analysis revealed that RUNX1-mutated patients with AML had a shorter median survival time (MST) with poor clinical outcome and an increased risk of death when compared with those without RUNX1 mutations. CONCLUSIONS DEGs and pathways identified in the present study will help understand the molecular mechanisms underlying RUNX1 mutations in AML and develop effective therapeutic strategies for RUNX1-mutation AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangxiao Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yumei Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yongrong Lai
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Naderi M, Govindaraj RG, Brylinski M. eModel-BDB: a database of comparative structure models of drug-target interactions from the Binding Database. Gigascience 2018; 7:5057873. [PMID: 30052959 PMCID: PMC6131211 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giy091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The structural information on proteins in their ligand-bound conformational state is invaluable for protein function studies and rational drug design. Compared to the number of available sequences, not only is the repertoire of the experimentally determined structures of holo-proteins limited, these structures do not always include pharmacologically relevant compounds at their binding sites. In addition, binding affinity databases provide vast quantities of information on interactions between drug-like molecules and their targets, however, often lacking structural data. On that account, there is a need for computational methods to complement existing repositories by constructing the atomic-level models of drug-protein assemblies that will not be determined experimentally in the near future. Results We created eModel-BDB, a database of 200,005 comparative models of drug-bound proteins based on 1,391,403 interaction data obtained from the Binding Database and the PDB library of 31 January 2017. Complex models in eModel-BDB were generated with a collection of the state-of-the-art techniques, including protein meta-threading, template-based structure modeling, refinement and binding site detection, and ligand similarity-based docking. In addition to a rigorous quality control maintained during dataset generation, a subset of weakly homologous models was selected for the retrospective validation against experimental structural data recently deposited to the Protein Data Bank. Validation results indicate that eModel-BDB contains models that are accurate not only at the global protein structure level but also with respect to the atomic details of bound ligands. Conclusions Freely available eModel-BDB can be used to support structure-based drug discovery and repositioning, drug target identification, and protein structure determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misagh Naderi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 202 Life Sciences Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Rajiv Gandhi Govindaraj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 202 Life Sciences Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Michal Brylinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 202 Life Sciences Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.,Center for Computation & Technology, Louisiana State University, 2054 Digital Media Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Saito Y, Mochizuki Y, Ogahara I, Watanabe T, Hogdal L, Takagi S, Sato K, Kaneko A, Kajita H, Uchida N, Fukami T, Shultz LD, Taniguchi S, Ohara O, Letai AG, Ishikawa F. Overcoming mutational complexity in acute myeloid leukemia by inhibition of critical pathways. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/413/eaao1214. [PMID: 29070697 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aao1214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Numerous variant alleles are associated with human acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the same variants are also found in individuals with no hematological disease, making their functional relevance obscure. Through NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtmlWjl/Sz (NSG) xenotransplantation, we functionally identified preleukemic and leukemic stem cell populations present in FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication-positive (FLT3-ITD)+ AML patient samples. By single-cell DNA sequencing, we identified clonal structures and linked mutations with in vivo fates, distinguishing mutations permissive of nonmalignant multilineage hematopoiesis from leukemogenic mutations. Although multiple somatic mutations coexisted at the single-cell level, inhibition of the mutation strongly associated with preleukemic to leukemic stem cell transition eliminated AML in vivo. Moreover, concurrent inhibition of BCL-2 (B cell lymphoma 2) uncovered a critical dependence of resistant AML cells on antiapoptotic pathways. Co-inhibition of pathways critical for oncogenesis and survival may be an effective strategy that overcomes genetic diversity in human malignancies. This approach incorporating single-cell genomics with the NSG patient-derived xenograft model may serve as a broadly applicable resource for precision target identification and drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Saito
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Mochizuki
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ikuko Ogahara
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Leah Hogdal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shinsuke Takagi
- Department of Hematology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Kaori Sato
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Akiko Kaneko
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kajita
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Uchida
- Department of Hematology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Takehiro Fukami
- RIKEN Program for Drug Discovery and Medical Technology Platforms, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | | | | | - Osamu Ohara
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.,Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Anthony G Letai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Fumihiko Ishikawa
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Weir MC, Shu ST, Patel RK, Hellwig S, Chen L, Tan L, Gray NS, Smithgall TE. Selective Inhibition of the Myeloid Src-Family Kinase Fgr Potently Suppresses AML Cell Growth in Vitro and in Vivo. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1551-1559. [PMID: 29763550 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is the most common hematologic malignancy in adults and is often associated with constitutive tyrosine kinase signaling. These pathways involve the nonreceptor tyrosine kinases Fes, Syk, and the three Src-family kinases expressed in myeloid cells (Fgr, Hck, and Lyn). In this study, we report remarkable anti-AML efficacy of an N-phenylbenzamide kinase inhibitor, TL02-59. This compound potently suppressed the proliferation of bone marrow samples from 20 of 26 AML patients, with a striking correlation between inhibitor sensitivity and expression levels of the myeloid Src family kinases Fgr, Hck, and Lyn. No correlation was observed with Flt3 expression or mutational status, with the four most sensitive patient samples being wild-type for Flt3. Kinome-wide target specificity profiling coupled with in vitro kinase assays demonstrated a narrow overall target specificity profile for TL02-59, with picomolar potency against the myeloid Src-family member Fgr. In a mouse xenograft model of AML, oral administration of TL02-59 for 3 weeks at 10 mg/kg completely eliminated leukemic cells from the spleen and peripheral blood while significantly reducing bone marrow engraftment. These results identify Fgr as a previously unrecognized kinase inhibitor target in AML and TL02-59 as a possible lead compound for clinical development in AML cases that overexpress this kinase independent of Flt3 mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Weir
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Sherry T. Shu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ravi K. Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Sabine Hellwig
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School and Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 250 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School and Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 250 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Thomas E. Smithgall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Katsura K, Tomabechi Y, Matsuda T, Yonemochi M, Mikuni J, Ohsawa N, Terada T, Yokoyama S, Kukimoto-Niino M, Takemoto C, Shirouzu M. Phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated HCK kinase domains produced by cell-free protein expression. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 150:92-99. [PMID: 29793032 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Since phosphorylation is involved in various physiological events, kinases and interacting factors can be potential targets for drug discovery. For the development and improvement of inhibitors from the point of view of mechanistic enzymology, a cell-free protein synthesis system would be advantageous, since it could prepare mutant proteins easily. However, especially in the case of protein kinase, product solubility remains one of the major challenges. To overcome this problem, we prepared a chaperone-supplemented extract from Escherichia coli BL21 cells harboring a plasmid encoding a set of chaperone genes, dnaK, dnaJ, and grpE. We explored cell-disruption procedures and constructed an efficient protein synthesis system. Employing this system, we produced the kinase domain of human hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) to obtain further structural information about its molecular interaction with one of its inhibitors, previously developed by our group (RK-20449). Lower reaction temperature improved the solubility, and addition of a protein phosphatase (YpoH) facilitated the homogeneous production of the non-phosphorylated kinase domain. Crystals of the purified product were obtained and the kinase-inhibitor complex structure was solved at 1.7 Å resolution. In addition, results of kinase activity measurement, using a synthetic substrate, showed that the kinase activity was facilitated by autophosphorylation at Tyr416, as confirmed by the peptide mass mapping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazushige Katsura
- Protein Functional and Structural Biology Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuri Tomabechi
- Protein Functional and Structural Biology Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Matsuda
- Protein Functional and Structural Biology Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mayumi Yonemochi
- Protein Functional and Structural Biology Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Drug Discovery Structural Biology Platform Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Junko Mikuni
- Protein Functional and Structural Biology Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Drug Discovery Structural Biology Platform Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Noboru Ohsawa
- Protein Functional and Structural Biology Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takaho Terada
- RIKEN Structural Biology Laboratory, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Yokoyama
- RIKEN Structural Biology Laboratory, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mutsuko Kukimoto-Niino
- Protein Functional and Structural Biology Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Drug Discovery Structural Biology Platform Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Chie Takemoto
- Protein Functional and Structural Biology Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Mikako Shirouzu
- Protein Functional and Structural Biology Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Drug Discovery Structural Biology Platform Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Buetti-Dinh A, Friedman R. Computer simulations of the signalling network in FLT3 +-acute myeloid leukaemia - indications for an optimal dosage of inhibitors against FLT3 and CDK6. BMC Bioinformatics 2018; 19:155. [PMID: 29699481 PMCID: PMC5921566 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-018-2145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations in the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) are associated with uncontrolled cellular functions that contribute to the development of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We performed computer simulations of the FLT3-dependent signalling network in order to study the pathways that are involved in AML development and resistance to targeted therapies. Results Analysis of the simulations revealed the presence of alternative pathways through phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) and SH2-containing sequence proteins (SHC), that could overcome inhibition of FLT3. Inhibition of cyclin dependent kinase 6 (CDK6), a related molecular target, was also tested in the simulation but was not found to yield sufficient benefits alone. Conclusions The PI3K pathway provided a basis for resistance to treatments. Alternative signalling pathways could not, however, restore cancer growth signals (proliferation and loss of apoptosis) to the same levels as prior to treatment, which may explain why FLT3 resistance mutations are the most common resistance mechanism. Finally, sensitivity analysis suggested the existence of optimal doses of FLT3 and CDK6 inhibitors in terms of efficacy and toxicity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12859-018-2145-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Buetti-Dinh
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnæus University, Norra vägen 49, Kalmar, SE-391 82, Sweden.,Linnæus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnæus University, Norra vägen 49, Kalmar, SE-391 82, Sweden.,Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnæus University, Landgången 3, Kalmar, SE-391 82, Sweden.,Institute of Computational Science, Faculty of Informatics, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, Lugano, CH-6900, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge - Batiment Genopode, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Ran Friedman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnæus University, Norra vägen 49, Kalmar, SE-391 82, Sweden. .,Linnæus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnæus University, Norra vägen 49, Kalmar, SE-391 82, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Koda Y, Kikuzato K, Mikuni J, Tanaka A, Yuki H, Honma T, Tomabechi Y, Kukimoto-Niino M, Shirouzu M, Shirai F, Koyama H. Identification of pyrrolo[2,3- d ]pyrimidines as potent HCK and FLT3-ITD dual inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4994-4998. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
37
|
|
38
|
Dwyer AR, Greenland EL, Pixley FJ. Promotion of Tumor Invasion by Tumor-Associated Macrophages: The Role of CSF-1-Activated Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase and Src Family Kinase Motility Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:E68. [PMID: 28629162 PMCID: PMC5483887 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9060068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages interact with cells in every organ to facilitate tissue development, function and repair. However, the close interaction between macrophages and parenchymal cells can be subverted in disease, particularly cancer. Motility is an essential capacity for macrophages to be able to carry out their various roles. In cancers, the macrophage's interstitial migratory ability is frequently co-opted by tumor cells to enable escape from the primary tumor and metastatic spread. Macrophage accumulation within and movement through a tumor is often stimulated by tumor cell production of the mononuclear phagocytic growth factor, colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1). CSF-1 also regulates macrophage survival, proliferation and differentiation, and its many effects are transduced by its receptor, the CSF-1R, via phosphotyrosine motif-activated signals. Mutational analysis of CSF-1R signaling indicates that the major mediators of CSF-1-induced motility are phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and one or more Src family kinase (SFK), which activate signals to adhesion, actin polymerization, polarization and, ultimately, migration and invasion in macrophages. The macrophage transcriptome, including that of the motility machinery, is very complex and highly responsive to the environment, with selective expression of proteins and splice variants rarely found in other cell types. Thus, their unique motility machinery can be specifically targeted to block macrophage migration, and thereby, inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Dwyer
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Eloise L Greenland
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Fiona J Pixley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Activity cliff for 7-substituted pyrrolo-pyrimidine inhibitors of HCK explained in terms of predicted basicity of the amine nitrogen. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4259-4264. [PMID: 28662963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported the structure-based design of a highly potent hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) inhibitor, a pyrrolo-pyrimidine compound designated RK-20449, for treatment of recurrent leukemia. Herein we report the synthesis and structure-activity relationships of some amino acid derivatives of 7-substituted pyrrolo-pyrimidine. Although these derivatives had the same predicted binding conformation as RK-20449, their IC50 values were 100-1000 times larger than that of the parent compound. We assumed that the basicity of the amine nitrogen, which formed an ionic bond with Asp348 of HCK, markedly affected inhibitory activity against HCK. The pKa values of the nitrogen were predicted by means of an ab initio quantum mechanical method, and complexes of the derivatives with HCK were analyzed by X-ray crystallography. We observed a significant correlation between the predicted pKa and IC50 values, and the crystal structures of the less potent derivatives showed various types of defects around the ionic bond.
Collapse
|
40
|
Kyriakides PW, Inghirami G. Are we ready to take full advantage of patient-derived tumor xenograft models? Hematol Oncol 2017; 36:24-27. [PMID: 28543217 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Kyriakides
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Pathology, and New York University Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Aminoisoquinoline benzamides, FLT3 and Src-family kinase inhibitors, potently inhibit proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia cell lines. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:1213-1225. [PMID: 28490193 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Mutated or overexpressed FLT3 drives about 30% of reported acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Currently, FLT3 inhibitors have shown durable clinical responses but a complete remission of AML with FLT3 inhibitors remains elusive due to mutation-driven resistance mechanisms. The development of FLT3 inhibitors that also target other downstream oncogenic kinases may combat the resistance mechanism. RESULTS 4-substituted aminoisoquinoline benzamides potently inhibit Src-family kinases and FLT3, including secondary mutations, such as FLT3D835. Modifications of aminoisoquinoline benzamide to aminoquinoline or aminoquinazoline abrogated FLT3 and Src-family kinase binding. CONCLUSION The lead aminoisoquinolines potently inhibited FLT3-driven AML cell lines, MV4-11 and MOLM-14. These aminoisoquinoline benzamides represent new kinase scaffolds with high potential to be translated into anticancer agents.
Collapse
|
42
|
Poh AR, Love CG, Masson F, Preaudet A, Tsui C, Whitehead L, Monard S, Khakham Y, Burstroem L, Lessene G, Sieber O, Lowell C, Putoczki TL, O'Donoghue RJJ, Ernst M. Inhibition of Hematopoietic Cell Kinase Activity Suppresses Myeloid Cell-Mediated Colon Cancer Progression. Cancer Cell 2017; 31:563-575.e5. [PMID: 28399411 PMCID: PMC5479329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the SRC family kinase hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) triggers hematological malignancies as a tumor cell-intrinsic oncogene. Here we find that high HCK levels correlate with reduced survival of colorectal cancer patients. Likewise, increased Hck activity in mice promotes the growth of endogenous colonic malignancies and of human colorectal cancer cell xenografts. Furthermore, tumor-associated macrophages of the corresponding tumors show a pronounced alternatively activated endotype, which occurs independently of mature lymphocytes or of Stat6-dependent Th2 cytokine signaling. Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition or genetic reduction of Hck activity suppresses alternative activation of tumor-associated macrophages and the growth of colon cancer xenografts. Thus, Hck may serve as a promising therapeutic target for solid malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R Poh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher G Love
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Frederick Masson
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Adele Preaudet
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Cary Tsui
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Lachlan Whitehead
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Simon Monard
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Yelena Khakham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Lotta Burstroem
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Guillaume Lessene
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Oliver Sieber
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Clifford Lowell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Tracy L Putoczki
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Robert J J O'Donoghue
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Neoplasms in the bone marrow niches: disturbance of the microecosystem. Int J Hematol 2017; 105:558-565. [PMID: 28176227 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-017-2193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Increasing studies have revealed that the interaction between malignant cells and the microenvironment (so called niche) in the bone marrow can influence the development and progression of the hematopoietic malignancies. Here, we reviewed the current findings in the field, focusing the niche alterations in promoting the emergency of malignancies, in interfering with the blood reconstitution of normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, and in protecting leukemic stem cells from therapy which causes disease relapse. We made efforts to discuss these aspects in view of a kind of disturbance of the microecosystem within BM and thus proposed some new concepts in therapeutics of blood malignancies.
Collapse
|
44
|
Lamie PF. RETRACTED: Design, synthesis, structure-activity relationship and kinase inhibitory activity of substituted 3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ones. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3093-3097. [PMID: 27189674 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).
This article has been retracted at the request of the author who confirmed that the purity of some of the described compounds is below acceptable standards and thus the biochemical results reported in the paper have no validity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe F Lamie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
HCK is a survival determinant transactivated by mutated MYD88, and a direct target of ibrutinib. Blood 2016; 127:3237-52. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-01-695098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
HCK transcription and activation is triggered by mutated MYD88, and is an important determinant of pro-survival signaling. HCK is also a target of ibrutinib, and inhibition of its kinase activity triggers apoptosis in mutated MYD88 cells.
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
We have entered the genomic sequencing era in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML); our patients increasingly and justifiably demand personalized treatment based on aberrations of their own leukemia. Except in rare cases we are not yet able to provide truly personalized therapy, so the question of "hope or hype?" posed by the American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO) for this educational topic is quite timely. The answer based solely on advances in genomic sequencing is "both". There is an element of expectation among the public that we are "almost there" in solving the genetic cancer puzzle, an expectation indeed based on hype. However, there is no question that ultimate success lies in understanding the genetic underpinnings of disease. When decades of research in molecular biology and immunology are combined with transformative advances in cancer genetics, the answer is undeniably that our patients finally have reason for hope. Here, we review selected novel therapies for AML in areas such as immunotherapeutics, epigenetics, kinase inhibition/pathway inhibition, and the marrow microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karilyn Larkin
- From the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - William Blum
- From the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wales TE, Hochrein JM, Morgan CR, Emert-Sedlak LA, Smithgall TE, Engen JR. Subtle Dynamic Changes Accompany Hck Activation by HIV-1 Nef and are Reversed by an Antiretroviral Kinase Inhibitor. Biochemistry 2015; 54:6382-91. [PMID: 26440750 PMCID: PMC4615603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The HIV-1 virulence factor Nef interacts with the macrophage Src-family kinase Hck, resulting in constitutive kinase activation that contributes to viral replication and immune escape. Previous chemical library screens identified the diphenylfuranopyrimdine kinase inhibitor DFP-4AB, which selectively inhibits Nef-dependent Hck activity in biochemical assays and potently blocks HIV replication in vitro. In the present study, hydrogen exchange mass spectrometry (HX MS) was used to study conformational changes in downregulated Hck that result from Nef binding, as well as the impact of DFP-4AB on these changes. Remarkably, interaction with Nef induced only subtle changes in deuterium uptake by Hck, with the most significant changes in the N-lobe of the kinase domain adjacent to the docking site for Nef on the SH3 domain. No changes in hydrogen exchange were observed in the Hck SH2 domain or C-terminal tail, indicating that this regulatory interaction is unaffected by Nef binding. When HX MS was performed in the presence of DFP-4AB, the effect of Nef on Hck N-lobe dynamics was completely reversed. These results show that constitutive activation of Hck by HIV-1 Nef requires only modest changes to the conformational dynamics of the overall kinase structure. DFP-4AB reverses these effects, consistent with its activity against this Nef-induced signaling event in HIV-infected cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E. Wales
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115
| | - James M. Hochrein
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Christopher R. Morgan
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Lori A. Emert-Sedlak
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
| | - Thomas E. Smithgall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
| | - John R. Engen
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Norman P. Respivert's multikinase inhibitors, an evaluation of WO2014033446 to WO2014033449. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2015; 24:1397-407. [PMID: 25407284 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.967213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
These four patent applications all claim that N-aryl-N'-pyrazol-5-yl urea derivatives , related to RV-568, which are inhibitors of p38, Syk and Src kinases. All four applications claim their use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, notably asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The four applications are primarily differentiated by the claimed substitution of the pyrazole ring. This is accompanied by differential kinase specificity profiles. Many of the exemplified compounds show reduced potency as p38 inhibitors but high potency as inhibitors of Syk and/or Src kinases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Norman
- Norman Consulting , 18 Pink Lane, Burnham, Bucks SL1 8JW , UK
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Poh AR, O'Donoghue RJ, Ernst M. Hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) as a therapeutic target in immune and cancer cells. Oncotarget 2015; 6:15752-71. [PMID: 26087188 PMCID: PMC4599235 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) is a member of the SRC family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases (SFKs), and is expressed in cells of the myeloid and B-lymphocyte cell lineages. Excessive HCK activation is associated with several types of leukemia and enhances cell proliferation and survival by physical association with oncogenic fusion proteins, and with functional interactions with receptor tyrosine kinases. Elevated HCK activity is also observed in many solid malignancies, including breast and colon cancer, and correlates with decreased patient survival rates. HCK enhances the secretion of growth factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines from myeloid cells, and promotes macrophage polarization towards a wound healing and tumor-promoting alternatively activated phenotype. Within tumor associated macrophages, HCK stimulates the formation of podosomes that facilitate extracellular matrix degradation, which enhance immune and epithelial cell invasion. By virtue of functional cooperation between HCK and bona fide oncogenic tyrosine kinases, excessive HCK activation can also reduce drug efficacy and contribute to chemo-resistance, while genetic ablation of HCK results in minimal physiological consequences in healthy mice. Given its known crystal structure, HCK therefore provides an attractive therapeutic target to both, directly inhibit the growth of cancer cells, and indirectly curb the source of tumor-promoting changes in the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R. Poh
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert J.J. O'Donoghue
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Pollyea DA, Gutman JA, Gore L, Smith CA, Jordan CT. Targeting acute myeloid leukemia stem cells: a review and principles for the development of clinical trials. Haematologica 2015; 99:1277-84. [PMID: 25082785 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2013.085209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite an increasingly rich understanding of its pathogenesis, acute myeloid leukemia remains a disease with poor outcomes, overwhelmingly due to disease relapse. In recent years, work to characterize the leukemia stem cell population, the disease compartment most difficult to eliminate with conventional therapy and most responsible for relapse, has been undertaken. This, in conjunction with advances in drug development that have allowed for increasingly targeted therapies to be engineered, raises the hope that we are entering an era in which the leukemia stem cell population can be eliminated, resulting in therapeutic cures for acute myeloid leukemia patients. For these therapies to become available, they must be tested in the setting of clinical trials. A long-established clinical trials infrastructure has been employed to shepherd new therapies from proof-of-concept to approval. However, due to the unique features of leukemia stem cells, drugs that are designed to specifically eliminate this population may not be adequately tested when applied to this model. Therefore, in this review article, we seek to identify the relevant features of acute myeloid leukemia stem cells for clinical trialists, discuss potential strategies to target leukemia stem cells, and propose a set of guidelines outlining the necessary elements of clinical trials to allow for the successful testing of stem cell-directed therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Pollyea
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Jonathan A Gutman
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Lia Gore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Clayton A Smith
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Craig T Jordan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| |
Collapse
|