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Kapr J, Scharkin I, Ramachandran H, Westhoff P, Pollet M, Dangeleit S, Brockerhoff G, Rossi A, Koch K, Krutmann J, Fritsche E. HiPSC-derived 3D neural models reveal neurodevelopmental pathomechanisms of the Cockayne Syndrome B. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:368. [PMID: 39179905 PMCID: PMC11343962 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05406-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Cockayne Syndrome B (CSB) is a hereditary multiorgan syndrome which-through largely unknown mechanisms-can affect the brain where it clinically presents with microcephaly, intellectual disability and demyelination. Using human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neural 3D models generated from CSB patient-derived and isogenic control lines, we here provide explanations for these three major neuropathological phenotypes. In our models, CSB deficiency is associated with (i) impaired cellular migration due to defective autophagy as an explanation for clinical microcephaly; (ii) altered neuronal network functionality and neurotransmitter GABA levels, which is suggestive of a disturbed GABA switch that likely impairs brain circuit formation and ultimately causes intellectual disability; and (iii) impaired oligodendrocyte maturation as a possible cause of the demyelination observed in children with CSB. Of note, the impaired migration and oligodendrocyte maturation could both be partially rescued by pharmacological HDAC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kapr
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ilka Scharkin
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Westhoff
- CEPLAS Metabolism and Metabolomics Laboratory, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Marius Pollet
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Selina Dangeleit
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Rossi
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Koch
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany.
- DNTOX GmbH, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Jean Krutmann
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ellen Fritsche
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
- DNTOX GmbH, Duesseldorf, Germany
- SCAHT, Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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2
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Pozzo LD, Xu Z, Lin S, Wang J, Wang Y, Enechojo OS, Abankwah JK, Peng Y, Chu X, Zhou H, Bian Y. Role of epigenetics in the regulation of skin aging and geroprotective intervention: A new sight. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116592. [PMID: 38615608 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple epigenetic factors play a regulatory role in maintaining the homeostasis of cutaneous components and are implicated in the aging process of the skin. They have been associated with the activation of the senescence program, which is the primary contributor to age-related decline in the skin. Senescent species drive a series of interconnected processes that impact the immediate surroundings, leading to structural changes, diminished functionality, and heightened vulnerability to infections. Geroprotective medicines that may restore the epigenetic balance represent valid therapeutic alliances against skin aging. Most of them are well-known Western medications such as metformin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), rapamycin, and histone deacetylase inhibitors, while others belong to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) remedies for which the scientific literature provides limited information. With the help of the Geroprotectors.org database and a comprehensive analysis of the referenced literature, we have compiled data on compounds and formulae that have shown potential in preventing skin aging and have been identified as epigenetic modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Dal Pozzo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shan Lin
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jida Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ogbe Susan Enechojo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Joseph Kofi Abankwah
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanfei Peng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yuhong Bian
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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3
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Wu C, Pan Y, Wang L, Liu M, Tu P, Chen S, Shi L, Yan D, Ma Y, Guo Y. Inhibition of HDAC6 promotes microvascular endothelial cells to phagocytize myelin debris and reduces inflammatory response to accelerate the repair of spinal cord injury. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14439. [PMID: 37641882 PMCID: PMC10916453 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To identify an effective strategy for promoting microvascular endothelial cells (MECs) to phagocytize myelin debris and reduce secretion of inflammatory factors following spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS We established a coculture model of myelin debris and vascular-like structures. The efficiency with which MECs phagocytize myelin debris under different conditions was examined via ELISA, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence. Tubastatin-A was used to interfere with the coculture model. The anti-inflammatory effects of Tubastatin-A were observed by HE staining, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and ELISA. RESULTS MECs phagocytized myelin debris via IgM opsonization, and phagocytosis promoted the secretion of inflammatory factors, whereas IgG-opsonized myelin debris had no effect on inflammatory factors. Application of the HDAC6 inhibitor Tubastatin-A increased the IgG levels and decreased the IgM levels by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. Tubastatin-A exerted a regulatory effect on the HDAC6-mediated autophagy-lysosome pathway, promoting MECs to phagocytize myelin debris, reducing the secretion of inflammatory factors, and accelerating the repair of SCI. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of HDAC6 to regulate the immune-inflammatory response and promote MECs to phagocytize myelin debris may represent a novel strategy in the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Wu
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & OrthopedicsNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Yalan Pan
- Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Nursing Intervention for Chronic DiseasesNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Lining Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Mengmin Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Pengcheng Tu
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & OrthopedicsNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Sixian Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Danqing Yan
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & OrthopedicsNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Yong Ma
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & OrthopedicsNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & OrthopedicsNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
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4
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Mecca M, Picerno S, Cortellino S. The Killer's Web: Interconnection between Inflammation, Epigenetics and Nutrition in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2750. [PMID: 38473997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key contributor to both the initiation and progression of tumors, and it can be triggered by genetic instability within tumors, as well as by lifestyle and dietary factors. The inflammatory response plays a critical role in the genetic and epigenetic reprogramming of tumor cells, as well as in the cells that comprise the tumor microenvironment. Cells in the microenvironment acquire a phenotype that promotes immune evasion, progression, and metastasis. We will review the mechanisms and pathways involved in the interaction between tumors, inflammation, and nutrition, the limitations of current therapies, and discuss potential future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisabel Mecca
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Simona Picerno
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cortellino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Responsible Research Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, CB, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM), Clinical and Translational Oncology, 80138 Naples, NA, Italy
- S.H.R.O. Italia Foundation ETS, 10060 Candiolo, TO, Italy
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5
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Lu E, Tang Y, Chen J, Al Mamun A, Feng Z, Cao L, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Mo T, Chun C, Zhang H, Du J, Jiang C, Xiao J. Stub1 ameliorates ER stress-induced neural cell apoptosis and promotes locomotor recovery through restoring autophagy flux after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 2023; 368:114495. [PMID: 37495008 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis and autophagy flux blockade significantly contribute to neuronal pathology of spinal cord injury (SCI). Yet, the molecular interplay between these two distinctive pathways in mediating the pathology of SCI remains largely unexplored. Currently, we aimed at exploring the crucial role of Stub1 in maintaining ER homeostasis and regulating autophagic flux after SCI. Our results demonstrate that Stub1 reduces ER stress induced neuronal apoptosis, promotes axonal regeneration, inhibits glial scar formation and fosters functional recovery by restoring autophagic flux following SCI. Stub1 enhances autophagic flux following SCI by alleviating the permeabilization of lysosomal membrane through activating TFEB. Importantly, we showed that Stub1 promotes the activation of TFEB by targeting HDAC2 for ubiquitination and degradation. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effect of Stub1 on SCI was abrogated by chloroquine administration, underscoring the essential role of Stub1-mediated enhancement of autophagic flux in its protective effects against SCI. Collectively, our data highlights the vital role of Stub1 in regulating ER stress and autophagy flux after SCI, and propose its potential as a promising target for neuroprotective interventions in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermei Lu
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yingdan Tang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zhiyi Feng
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lin Cao
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, China
| | - Yunsen Zhu
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China
| | - Tingting Mo
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China
| | - ChangJu Chun
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiqing Du
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China.
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
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6
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Baek SY, Lee J, Kim T, Lee H, Choi HS, Park H, Koh M, Kim E, Jung ME, Iliopoulos D, Lee JY, Kim J, Lee S. Development of a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor unveils the role of HDAC11 in alleviating depression by inhibition of microglial activation. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115312. [PMID: 37567072 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are key epigenetic regulators and classified into four subtypes. Despite the various roles of each HDAC isoform, the lack of selective HDAC inhibitors has limited the elucidation of their roles in biological systems. HDAC11, the sole class-IV HDAC, is highly expressed in the brain, however, the role of HDAC11 in microglia is not fully understood. Based on the modification of MC1568, we developed a novel HDAC inhibitor, 5. Interestingly, 5 suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation by the initiation of autophagy and subsequent inhibition of nitric oxide production. Furthermore, we demonstrated that 5 significantly alleviates depression-like behavior by inhibiting microglial activation in mouse brain. Our discovery reveals that specific pharmacological regulation of HDAC11 induces autophagy and reactive nitrogen species balance in microglia for the first time, which makes HDAC11 a new therapeutic target for depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yeon Baek
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Jeehee Lee
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Taegwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Integrative Institute of Basic Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea
| | - Hyelim Lee
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Hoon-Seong Choi
- Research Animal Resources Center, Research Resources Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Hahnbeom Park
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Minseob Koh
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Eunha Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Michael E Jung
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA
| | - Dimitrios Iliopoulos
- Center for Systems Biomedicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jeong-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Jonghoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Integrative Institute of Basic Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea.
| | - Sanghee Lee
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea.
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7
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Zhao Y, Simon M, Seluanov A, Gorbunova V. DNA damage and repair in age-related inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:75-89. [PMID: 35831609 PMCID: PMC10106081 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00751-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genomic instability is an important driver of ageing. The accumulation of DNA damage is believed to contribute to ageing by inducing cell death, senescence and tissue dysfunction. However, emerging evidence shows that inflammation is another major consequence of DNA damage. Inflammation is a hallmark of ageing and the driver of multiple age-related diseases. Here, we review the evidence linking DNA damage, inflammation and ageing, highlighting how premature ageing syndromes are associated with inflammation. We discuss the mechanisms by which DNA damage induces inflammation, such as through activation of the cGAS-STING axis and NF-κB activation by ATM. The triggers for activation of these signalling cascades are the age-related accumulation of DNA damage, activation of transposons, cellular senescence and the accumulation of persistent R-loops. We also discuss how epigenetic changes triggered by DNA damage can lead to inflammation and ageing via redistribution of heterochromatin factors. Finally, we discuss potential interventions against age-related inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Matthew Simon
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Andrei Seluanov
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Vera Gorbunova
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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8
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Shu F, Xiao H, Li QN, Ren XS, Liu ZG, Hu BW, Wang HS, Wang H, Jiang GM. Epigenetic and post-translational modifications in autophagy: biological functions and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:32. [PMID: 36646695 PMCID: PMC9842768 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01300-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved lysosomal degradation pathway where cellular components are dynamically degraded and re-processed to maintain physical homeostasis. However, the physiological effect of autophagy appears to be multifaced. On the one hand, autophagy functions as a cytoprotective mechanism, protecting against multiple diseases, especially tumor, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative and infectious disease. Conversely, autophagy may also play a detrimental role via pro-survival effects on cancer cells or cell-killing effects on normal body cells. During disorder onset and progression, the expression levels of autophagy-related regulators and proteins encoded by autophagy-related genes (ATGs) are abnormally regulated, giving rise to imbalanced autophagy flux. However, the detailed mechanisms and molecular events of this process are quite complex. Epigenetic, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and miRNAs, and post-translational modifications, including ubiquitination, phosphorylation and acetylation, precisely manipulate gene expression and protein function, and are strongly correlated with the occurrence and development of multiple diseases. There is substantial evidence that autophagy-relevant regulators and machineries are subjected to epigenetic and post-translational modulation, resulting in alterations in autophagy levels, which subsequently induces disease or affects the therapeutic effectiveness to agents. In this review, we focus on the regulatory mechanisms mediated by epigenetic and post-translational modifications in disease-related autophagy to unveil potential therapeutic targets. In addition, the effect of autophagy on the therapeutic effectiveness of epigenetic drugs or drugs targeting post-translational modification have also been discussed, providing insights into the combination with autophagy activators or inhibitors in the treatment of clinical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shu
- grid.452859.70000 0004 6006 3273Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Han Xiao
- grid.452859.70000 0004 6006 3273Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Qiu-Nuo Li
- grid.452859.70000 0004 6006 3273Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Xiao-Shuai Ren
- grid.452859.70000 0004 6006 3273Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Cancer Center, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong China
| | - Bo-Wen Hu
- grid.452859.70000 0004 6006 3273Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Guan-Min Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Histone deacetylase 3 facilitates TNFα-mediated NF-κB activation through suppressing CTSB induced RIP1 degradation and is required for host defense against bacterial infection. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:81. [PMID: 35658939 PMCID: PMC9164478 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
As important enzymes regulating acetylation, histone deacetylases (HDACs) participate in a series of cell physiological process. However, the mechanisms responsible for individual HDAC family members in regulating innate immunity remained to be elucidated. Here we sought to reveal the mechanism of HDAC3 in regulating the inflammatory response of macrophages.
Methods
RNAseq was done to detect the transcriptional influence of HDAC3 on macrophages. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes was used to reveal the change of signaling pathways after HDAC3 knockout. CHIPseq was done to detect the deacetylation modification of HDAC3 on chromosome. Western blot, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative PCR were used to measure the change of genes and proteins’ levels. Mice were intratracheal instillation with lipopolysaccharide or Pseudomonas aeruginosa to determine the influence of HDAC3 on inflammatory response in vivo.
Results
HDAC3-deficient macrophages had increased expression of cathepsins resulting from elevated histone acetylation. Over-expressed cathepsins such as cathepsin B (CTSB) caused remarkable degradation of receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1 (RIP1), which reduced TNFα mediated NF-κB activation and inflammatory response. Consistently, mice with macrophage specific knockout of HDAC3 were impaired in inflammatory response and thereby susceptible to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.
Conclusion
HDAC3 was required for protecting RIP1 from degrading by CTSB in macrophages. Decreased RIP1 in HDAC3 knockout macrophages impaired TNFα mediated NF-κB activation. Our studies uncovered important roles of HDAC3 in the regulation of cathepsin-mediated lysosomal degradation and RIP1-mediated inflammatory response in macrophages as well as in host defense against bacterial infection.
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10
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Epigenetic regulation of aging: implications for interventions of aging and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:374. [PMID: 36336680 PMCID: PMC9637765 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01211-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by the decline of organismal functions and a series of prominent hallmarks, including genetic and epigenetic alterations. These aging-associated epigenetic changes include DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulation, and RNA modification, all of which participate in the regulation of the aging process, and hence contribute to aging-related diseases. Therefore, understanding the epigenetic mechanisms in aging will provide new avenues to develop strategies to delay aging. Indeed, aging interventions based on manipulating epigenetic mechanisms have led to the alleviation of aging or the extension of the lifespan in animal models. Small molecule-based therapies and reprogramming strategies that enable epigenetic rejuvenation have been developed for ameliorating or reversing aging-related conditions. In addition, adopting health-promoting activities, such as caloric restriction, exercise, and calibrating circadian rhythm, has been demonstrated to delay aging. Furthermore, various clinical trials for aging intervention are ongoing, providing more evidence of the safety and efficacy of these therapies. Here, we review recent work on the epigenetic regulation of aging and outline the advances in intervention strategies for aging and age-associated diseases. A better understanding of the critical roles of epigenetics in the aging process will lead to more clinical advances in the prevention of human aging and therapy of aging-related diseases.
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11
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Paccosi E, Balajee AS, Proietti-De-Santis L. A matter of delicate balance: Loss and gain of Cockayne syndrome proteins in premature aging and cancer. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:960662. [PMID: 35935726 PMCID: PMC9351357 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.960662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
DNA repair genes are critical for preserving genomic stability and it is well established that mutations in DNA repair genes give rise to progeroid diseases due to perturbations in different DNA metabolic activities. Cockayne Syndrome (CS) is an autosomal recessive inheritance caused by inactivating mutations in CSA and CSB genes. This review will primarily focus on the two Cockayne Syndrome proteins, CSA and CSB, primarily known to be involved in Transcription Coupled Repair (TCR). Curiously, dysregulated expression of CS proteins has been shown to exhibit differential health outcomes: lack of CS proteins due to gene mutations invariably leads to complex premature aging phenotypes, while excess of CS proteins is associated with carcinogenesis. Thus it appears that CS genes act as a double-edged sword whose loss or gain of expression leads to premature aging and cancer. Future mechanistic studies on cell and animal models of CS can lead to potential biological targets for interventions in both aging and cancer development processes. Some of these exciting possibilities will be discussed in this review in light of the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Paccosi
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecology and Biology, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elena Paccosi, ; Adayabalam S. Balajee, ; Luca Proietti-De-Santis,
| | - Adayabalam S. Balajee
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory, Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site, Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Elena Paccosi, ; Adayabalam S. Balajee, ; Luca Proietti-De-Santis,
| | - Luca Proietti-De-Santis
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecology and Biology, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elena Paccosi, ; Adayabalam S. Balajee, ; Luca Proietti-De-Santis,
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12
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Martínez-Martínez E, Atzei P, Vionnet C, Roubaty C, Kaeser-Pebernard S, Naef R, Dengjel J. A Dual-Acting Nitric Oxide Donor and Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitor Activates Autophagy in Primary Skin Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126860. [PMID: 35743299 PMCID: PMC9224465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing pathologies are an increasing problem in ageing societies. Chronic, non-healing wounds, which cause high morbidity and severely reduce the quality of life of affected individuals, are frequently observed in aged individuals and people suffering from diseases affected by the Western lifestyle, such as diabetes. Causal treatments that support proper wound healing are still scarce. Here, we performed expression proteomics to study the effects of the small molecule TOP-N53 on primary human skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes. TOP-N53 is a dual-acting nitric oxide donor and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor increasing cGMP levels to support proper wound healing. In contrast to keratinocytes, which did not exhibit global proteome alterations, TOP-N53 had profound effects on the proteome of skin fibroblasts. In fibroblasts, TOP-N53 activated the cytoprotective, lysosomal degradation pathway autophagy and induced the expression of the selective autophagy receptor p62/SQSTM1. Thus, activation of autophagy might in part be responsible for beneficial effects of TOP-N53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Martínez-Martínez
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (E.M.-M.); (C.V.); (C.R.); (S.K.-P.)
| | - Paola Atzei
- Topadur Pharma AG, Grabenstrasse 11A, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (P.A.); (R.N.)
| | - Christine Vionnet
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (E.M.-M.); (C.V.); (C.R.); (S.K.-P.)
| | - Carole Roubaty
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (E.M.-M.); (C.V.); (C.R.); (S.K.-P.)
| | - Stephanie Kaeser-Pebernard
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (E.M.-M.); (C.V.); (C.R.); (S.K.-P.)
| | - Reto Naef
- Topadur Pharma AG, Grabenstrasse 11A, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (P.A.); (R.N.)
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (E.M.-M.); (C.V.); (C.R.); (S.K.-P.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Khalaj K, Antounians L, Lopes Figueira R, Post M, Zani A. Autophagy is Impaired in Fetal Hypoplastic Lungs and Rescued by Administration of Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:476-487. [PMID: 35671495 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202109-2168oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Pulmonary hypoplasia secondary to congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is characterized by reduced branching morphogenesis, which is responsible for poor clinical outcomes. Administration of amniotic fluid stem cell extracellular vesicles (AFSC-EVs) rescues branching morphogenesis in rodent fetal models of pulmonary hypoplasia. Herein, we hypothesized that AFSC-EVs exert their regenerative potential by affecting autophagy, a process required for normal lung development. OBJECTIVES To evaluate autophagy in hypoplastic lungs throughout gestation and establish whether AFSC-EV administration improves branching morphogenesis through autophagy-mediated mechanisms. METHODS EVs were isolated from c-kit+ AFSC conditioned medium by ultracentrifugation and characterized by size, morphology, and EV marker expression. Branching morphogenesis was inhibited in rat fetuses by nitrofen administration to dams and in human fetal lung explants by blocking RAC1 activity with NSC23766. Expression of autophagy activators (BECN1 and ATG5) and adaptor (SQSTM1) was analyzed in vitro (rat and human fetal lung explants) and in vivo (rat fetal lungs). Mechanistic studies on rat fetal primary lung epithelial cells were conducted using inhibitors for microRNA-17 and -20a contained in the AFSC-EV cargo and known to regulate autophagy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Rat and human models of fetal pulmonary hypoplasia showed reduced autophagy at different developmental stages. AFSC-EV administration restored autophagy levels in both pulmonary hypoplasia models by transferring miR-17~92 cluster members contained in the EV cargo. CONCLUSIONS AFSC-EV treatment rescues branching morphogenesis partly by restoring autophagy through miRNA cargo transfer. This study enhances our understanding of pulmonary hypoplasia pathogenesis and creates new opportunities for fetal therapeutic intervention in CDH babies. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Khalaj
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lina Antounians
- The Hospital for Sick Children, 7979, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, 7979, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebeca Lopes Figueira
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Post
- Hospital for Sick Children, Lung Biology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Augusto Zani
- The Hospital for Sick Children, 7979, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, 7979, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, 7979, Department of Surgery, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
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14
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Prevention of anticancer therapy-induced neurotoxicity: putting DNA damage in perspective. Neurotoxicology 2022; 91:1-10. [PMID: 35487345 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a severe side effect of conventional cancer therapeutics (cAT) that significantly impacts the quality of life of tumor patients. The molecular mechanisms of CIPN are incompletely understood and there are no effective preventive or therapeutic measures available to date. Here, we present a brief overview of the current knowledge about mechanisms underlying CIPN and discuss DNA damage-related stress responses as feasible targets for the prevention of CIPN. In addition, we discuss that the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a useful 3R-conform model organism to further elucidate molecular mechanisms of CIPN and to identify novel lead compounds protecting from cAT-triggered neuropathy.
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15
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Natural Bioactive Compounds Targeting Histone Deacetylases in Human Cancers: Recent Updates. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082568. [PMID: 35458763 PMCID: PMC9027183 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex pathology that causes a large number of deaths worldwide. Several risk factors are involved in tumor transformation, including epigenetic factors. These factors are a set of changes that do not affect the DNA sequence, while modifying the gene’s expression. Histone modification is an essential mark in maintaining cellular memory and, therefore, loss of this mark can lead to tumor transformation. As these epigenetic changes are reversible, the use of molecules that can restore the functions of the enzymes responsible for the changes is therapeutically necessary. Natural molecules, mainly those isolated from medicinal plants, have demonstrated significant inhibitory properties against enzymes related to histone modifications, particularly histone deacetylases (HDACs). Flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, and alkaloids exert significant inhibitory effects against HDAC and exhibit promising epi-drug properties. This suggests that epi-drugs against HDAC could prevent and treat various human cancers. Accordingly, the present study aimed to evaluate the pharmacodynamic action of different natural compounds extracted from medicinal plants against the enzymatic activity of HDAC.
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16
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Chadet S, Allard J, Brisson L, Lopez-Charcas O, Lemoine R, Heraud A, Lerondel S, Guibon R, Fromont G, Le Pape A, Angoulvant D, Jiang LH, Murrell-Lagnado R, Roger S. P2x4 receptor promotes mammary cancer progression by sustaining autophagy and associated mesenchymal transition. Oncogene 2022; 41:2920-2931. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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17
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Ferreri C, Sansone A, Krokidis MG, Masi A, Pascucci B, D’Errico M, Chatgilialoglu C. Effects of Oxygen Tension for Membrane Lipidome Remodeling of Cockayne Syndrome Cell Models. Cells 2022; 11:1286. [PMID: 35455966 PMCID: PMC9032135 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is important for lipid metabolism, being involved in both enzymatic transformations and oxidative reactivity, and is particularly influent when genetic diseases impair the repair machinery of the cells, such as described for Cockayne syndrome (CS). We used two cellular models of transformed fibroblasts defective for CSA and CSB genes and their normal counterparts, grown for 24 h under various oxygen tensions (hyperoxic 21%, physioxic 5% and hypoxic 1%) to examine the fatty acid-based membrane remodeling by GC analysis of fatty acid methyl esters derived from membrane phospholipids. Overall, we first distinguished differences due to oxygen tensions: (a) hyperoxia induced a general boost of desaturase enzymatic activity in both normal and defective CSA and CSB cell lines, increasing monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) did not undergo oxidative consumption; (b) hypoxia slowed down desaturase activities, mostly in CSA cell lines and defective CSB, causing saturated fatty acids (SFA) to increase, whereas PUFA levels diminished, suggesting their involvement in hypoxia-related signaling. CSB-deprived cells are the most sensitive to oxidation and CSA-deprived cells are the most sensitive to the radical-based formation of trans fatty acids (TFA). The results point to the need to finely differentiate biological targets connected to genetic impairments and, consequently, suggest the better definition of cell protection and treatments through accurate molecular profiling that includes membrane lipidomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferreri
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (C.F.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Anna Sansone
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (C.F.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Marios G. Krokidis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens 15310, Greece;
| | - Annalisa Masi
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (C.F.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
- Institute of Crystallography, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monterotondo Stazione, 00015 Rome, Italy;
| | - Barbara Pascucci
- Institute of Crystallography, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monterotondo Stazione, 00015 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mariarosaria D’Errico
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (C.F.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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18
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El-Saiy KA, Sayed RH, El-Sahar AE, Kandil EA. Modulation of histone deacetylase, the ubiquitin proteasome system, and autophagy underlies the neuroprotective effects of venlafaxine in a rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease model in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 354:109841. [PMID: 35104487 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. Impairment of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy has been suggested to contribute to α-synuclein accumulation, which is identified as the pathological hallmark of PD. Recently, alteration in histone-3 acetylation has also been found to be correlated to PD. Interestingly, the histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) enzyme, which regulates the acetylation of histone-3, was shown to be involved in autophagy. Venlafaxine is an antidepressant that was proposed to inhibit HDAC expression in depressive rats' hippocampi. In this study, we aimed to examine the ability of venlafaxine to inhibit striatal HDAC6 and to enhance α-synuclein clearance through the activation of the UPS and autophagy, in addition to treating depression, which is the most debilitating non-motor symptom, in a rotenone model of PD. Venlafaxine administration was noted to decrease α-synuclein accumulation and preserve dopaminergic neurons along with restoration of striatal dopamine levels and motor recovery. Its administration augmented the UPS and autophagic markers (beclin-1, p62, and LC3) with consequent modulation of apoptotic indicators (Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cytochrome c, and caspase-3). Additionally, venlafaxine inhibited HDAC6 with further enhancement of autophagy and restoration of histone-3 acetylation with subsequent increases in survival gene expressions (Bcl-2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor). Chloroquine (autophagy inhibitor) was used to indicate the proposed pathway. Moreover, venlafaxine hampered depressive symptoms and improved hippocampal noradrenaline and serotonin levels. Collectively, venlafaxine is suggested to display neuroprotective effects with improvement of motor and non-motor PD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A El-Saiy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rabab H Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ayman E El-Sahar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esraa A Kandil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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19
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Bergamaschi D. Autophagy protects from photoageing in skin fibroblasts. Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:211-212. [PMID: 34780065 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Bergamaschi
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
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20
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Lee WJ, Tu SH, Cheng TC, Lin JH, Sheu MT, Kuo CC, Changou CA, Wu CH, Chang HW, Chang HL, Chen LC, Ho YS. Type-3 Hyaluronan Synthase Attenuates Tumor Cells Invasion in Human Mammary Parenchymal Tissues. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216548. [PMID: 34770956 PMCID: PMC8587416 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment for tumor growth and developing metastasis should be essential. This study demonstrated that the hyaluronic acid synthase 3 (HAS3) protein and its enzymatic product hyaluronic acid (HA) encompassed in the subcutaneous extracellular matrix can attenuate the invasion of human breast tumor cells. Decreased HA levels in subcutaneous Has3-KO mouse tissues promoted orthotopic breast cancer (E0771) cell-derived allograft tumor growth. MDA-MB-231 cells premixed with higher concentration HA attenuate tumor growth in xenografted nude mice. Human patient-derived xenotransplantation (PDX) experiments found that HA selected the highly migratory breast cancer cells with CD44 expression accumulated in the tumor/stroma junction. In conclusion, HAS3 and HA were detected in the stroma breast tissues at a high level attenuates effects for induced breast cancer cell death, and inhibit the cancer cells invasion at the initial stage. However, the highly migratory cancer cells were resistant to the HA-mediated effects with unknown mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jui Lee
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Tu
- Breast Medical Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Juo-Han Lin
- Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Thau Sheu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Chuan Kuo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan;
| | - Chun A. Changou
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- The PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- The Core Facility Center, Office of Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Wu
- Department of General Surgery, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 110, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Wen Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Hang-Lung Chang
- Department of General Surgery, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- Breast Medical Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-C.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-C.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
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21
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Abstract
Neuroepigenetics, a new branch of epigenetics, plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. Neuroepigenetics is associated with holistic neuronal function and helps in formation and maintenance of memory and learning processes. This includes neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative defects in which histone modification enzymes appear to play a crucial role. These modifications, carried out by acetyltransferases and deacetylases, regulate biologic and cellular processes such as apoptosis and autophagy, inflammatory response, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell-cycle progression and oxidative stress. Alterations in acetylation status of histone as well as non-histone substrates lead to transcriptional deregulation. Histone deacetylase decreases acetylation status and causes transcriptional repression of regulatory genes involved in neural plasticity, synaptogenesis, synaptic and neural plasticity, cognition and memory, and neural differentiation. Transcriptional deactivation in the brain results in development of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Mounting evidence implicates histone deacetylase inhibitors as potential therapeutic targets to combat neurologic disorders. Recent studies have targeted naturally-occurring biomolecules and micro-RNAs to improve cognitive defects and memory. Multi-target drug ligands targeting HDAC have been developed and used in cell-culture and animal-models of neurologic disorders to ameliorate synaptic and cognitive dysfunction. Herein, we focus on the implications of histone deacetylase enzymes in neuropathology, their regulation of brain function and plausible involvement in the pathogenesis of neurologic defects.
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22
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Autophagy Modulators in Cancer: Focus on Cancer Treatment. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080839. [PMID: 34440583 PMCID: PMC8401266 DOI: 10.3390/life11080839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled autophagy has been associated with the development and progression of various cancers that are resistant to cancer therapy. Therefore, many efforts to modulate uncontrolled autophagy as a cancer treatment have been attempted, from basic science to clinical trials. However, it remains difficult to equally apply autophagy modulators to cancer therapy because autophagy is a double-edged sword in cancer: it can be tumor-suppressive or tumor-protective. Therefore, the precise mechanisms of autophagy modulators and their varied responsiveness to each cancer type should be addressed in detail. This study will describe the precise mechanisms of developing various autophagy modulators, their current therapeutic applications and future perspectives.
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23
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Hai R, He L, Shu G, Yin G. Characterization of Histone Deacetylase Mechanisms in Cancer Development. Front Oncol 2021; 11:700947. [PMID: 34395273 PMCID: PMC8360675 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.700947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Over decades of studies, accumulating evidence has suggested that epigenetic dysregulation is a hallmark of tumours. Post-translational modifications of histones are involved in tumour pathogenesis and development mainly by influencing a broad range of physiological processes. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are pivotal epigenetic modulators that regulate dynamic processes in the acetylation of histones at lysine residues, thereby influencing transcription of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. Moreover, HDACs mediate the deacetylation process of many nonhistone proteins and thus orchestrate a host of pathological processes, such as tumour pathogenesis. In this review, we elucidate the functions of HDACs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihan Hai
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liuer He
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guang Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Yin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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24
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Pascucci B, Spadaro F, Pietraforte D, Nuccio CD, Visentin S, Giglio P, Dogliotti E, D’Errico M. DRP1 Inhibition Rescues Mitochondrial Integrity and Excessive Apoptosis in CS-A Disease Cell Models. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137123. [PMID: 34281194 PMCID: PMC8268695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cockayne syndrome group A (CS-A) is a rare recessive progeroid disorder characterized by sun sensitivity and neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Cells derived from CS-A patients present as pathological hallmarks excessive oxidative stress, mitochondrial fragmentation and apoptosis associated with hyperactivation of the mitochondrial fission dynamin related protein 1 (DRP1). In this study, by using human cell models we further investigated the interplay between DRP1 and CSA and we determined whether pharmacological or genetic inhibition of DRP1 affects disease progression. Both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are in excess in CS-A cells and when the mitochondrial translocation of DRP1 is inhibited a reduction of these species is observed together with a recovery of mitochondrial integrity and a significant decrease of apoptosis. This study indicates that the CSA-driven modulation of DRP1 pathway is key to control mitochondrial homeostasis and apoptosis and suggests DRP1 as a potential target in the treatment of CS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pascucci
- Institute of Crystallography, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00015 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesca Spadaro
- Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.S.); (D.P.)
| | | | - Chiara De Nuccio
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sergio Visentin
- National Center for Research and Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation of Drugs, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Paola Giglio
- Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Eugenia Dogliotti
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mariarosaria D’Errico
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Lee AY. Skin Pigmentation Abnormalities and Their Possible Relationship with Skin Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073727. [PMID: 33918445 PMCID: PMC8038212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin disorders showing abnormal pigmentation are often difficult to manage because of their uncertain etiology or pathogenesis. Abnormal pigmentation is a common symptom accompanying aging skin. The association between skin aging and skin pigmentation abnormalities can be attributed to certain inherited disorders characterized by premature aging and abnormal pigmentation in the skin and some therapeutic modalities effective for both. Several molecular mechanisms, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial DNA mutations, DNA damage, telomere shortening, hormonal changes, and autophagy impairment, have been identified as involved in skin aging. Although each of these skin aging-related mechanisms are interconnected, this review examined the role of each mechanism in skin hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation to propose the possible association between skin aging and pigmentation abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 410-773, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Cao Y, Li P, Zhang G, Kang L, Zhou T, Wu J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen X, Guan H. MicroRNA Let-7c-5p-Mediated Regulation of ERCC6 Disrupts Autophagic Flux in Age-Related Cataract via the Binding to VCP. Curr Eye Res 2021; 46:1353-1362. [PMID: 33703976 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1900273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: DNA damage contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related cataract (ARC) and is repaired through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, which includes ERCC6. Evidence has demonstrated that defective autophagy leads to lens organelle degradation and cataract. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ERCC6 on autophagy and determine its mechanisms in ARC.Methods: The clinical case-control study comprised 30 patients with ARC and 30 age-matched controls who received transparent lens extraction. Transmission electron microscopy was used to assess the ultrastructure of autophagic vesicles in lens anterior capsule tissues and lens epithelial cell line (SRA01/04). Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses were performed to measure relative gene expression levels. Gene expression levels and localization were assessed by immunofluorescence. A coimmunoprecipitation assay was used to investigate the relationship between CSB which encoded by ERCC6 and VCP. ERCC6-siRNA and let-7 c-5p mimic were used to alter the expression of ERCC6 and let-7 c-5p.Results: Autophagy induction occurred in lens anterior capsule tissues of patients with ARC and in UVB-induced SRA01/04 cells, where the number of LC3B puncta was increased. Consistent with this result, the expression of beclin1 (BECN1) and LC3B, in addition to that of p62, was increased. Additionally, ERCC6 expression decreased, and silencing ERCC6 induced increases in the expression of BECN1, LC3B and p62. Moreover, CSB interacted with VCP, and let-7 c-5p induced dysregulation of autophagy by targeting ERCC6.Conclusion: In ARC, Let-7 c-5p-mediated downregulation of ERCC6 might prevent the degradation of autophagic vacuoles. CSB binds to VCP, inducing autophagosomes to combine with lysosomes and be degraded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihua Kang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianqiu Zhou
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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27
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Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 6 by Tubastatin A Attenuates the Progress of Osteoarthritis via Improving Mitochondrial Function. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:2376-2386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Proshkina E, Shaposhnikov M, Moskalev A. Genome-Protecting Compounds as Potential Geroprotectors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4484. [PMID: 32599754 PMCID: PMC7350017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout life, organisms are exposed to various exogenous and endogenous factors that cause DNA damages and somatic mutations provoking genomic instability. At a young age, compensatory mechanisms of genome protection are activated to prevent phenotypic and functional changes. However, the increasing stress and age-related deterioration in the functioning of these mechanisms result in damage accumulation, overcoming the functional threshold. This leads to aging and the development of age-related diseases. There are several ways to counteract these changes: 1) prevention of DNA damage through stimulation of antioxidant and detoxification systems, as well as transition metal chelation; 2) regulation of DNA methylation, chromatin structure, non-coding RNA activity and prevention of nuclear architecture alterations; 3) improving DNA damage response and repair; 4) selective removal of damaged non-functional and senescent cells. In the article, we have reviewed data about the effects of various trace elements, vitamins, polyphenols, terpenes, and other phytochemicals, as well as a number of synthetic pharmacological substances in these ways. Most of the compounds demonstrate the geroprotective potential and increase the lifespan in model organisms. However, their genome-protecting effects are non-selective and often are conditioned by hormesis. Consequently, the development of selective drugs targeting genome protection is an advanced direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Proshkina
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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29
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Vessoni AT, Guerra CCC, Kajitani GS, Nascimento LLS, Garcia CCM. Cockayne Syndrome: The many challenges and approaches to understand a multifaceted disease. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20190085. [PMID: 32453336 PMCID: PMC7250278 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2019-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The striking and complex phenotype of Cockayne syndrome (CS) patients combines progeria-like features with developmental deficits. Since the establishment of the in vitro culture of skin fibroblasts derived from patients with CS in the 1970s, significant progress has been made in the understanding of the genetic alterations associated with the disease and their impact on molecular, cellular, and organismal functions. In this review, we provide a historic perspective on the research into CS by revisiting seminal papers in this field. We highlighted the great contributions of several researchers in the last decades, ranging from the cloning and characterization of CS genes to the molecular dissection of their roles in DNA repair, transcription, redox processes and metabolism control. We also provide a detailed description of all pathological mutations in genes ERCC6 and ERCC8 reported to date and their impact on CS-related proteins. Finally, we review the contributions (and limitations) of many genetic animal models to the study of CS and how cutting-edge technologies, such as cell reprogramming and state-of-the-art genome editing, are helping us to address unanswered questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Chaves Coelho Guerra
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e
Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas & Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Satoru Kajitani
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e
Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas & Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas,
Departamento de Microbiologia, São Paulo,SP, Brazil
| | - Livia Luz Souza Nascimento
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas,
Departamento de Microbiologia, São Paulo,SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Carrião Machado Garcia
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e
Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas & Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
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30
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Gu Y, Han J, Jiang C, Zhang Y. Biomarkers, oxidative stress and autophagy in skin aging. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 59:101036. [PMID: 32105850 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a major cause of many degenerative diseases. The most intuitive consequence of aging is mainly manifested on the skin, resulting in cumulative changes in skin structure, function and appearance, such as increased wrinkles, laxity, elastosis, telangiectasia, and aberrant pigmentation of the skin. Unlike other organs of the human body, skin is not only inevitably affected by the intrinsic aging process, but also affected by various extrinsic environmental factors to accelerate aging, especially ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Skin aging is a highly complex and not fully understood process, and the lack of universal biomarkers for the definitive detection and evaluation of aging is also a major research challenge. Oxidative stress induced by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to lipid, protein, nucleic acid and organelle damage, thus leading to the occurrence of cellular senescence, which is one of the core mechanisms mediating skin aging. Autophagy can maintain cellular homeostasis when faced with different stress conditions and is one of the survival mechanisms of cell resistance to intrinsic and extrinsic stress. Autophagy and aging have many features in common and may be associated with skin aging mediated by different factors. Here, we summarize the changes and biomarkers of skin aging, and discuss the effects of oxidative stress and autophagy on skin aging.
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31
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Lei Y, Tang L, Hu J, Wang S, Liu Y, Yang M, Zhang J, Tang B. Inhibition of MGMT-mediated autophagy suppression decreases cisplatin chemosensitivity in gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109896. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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32
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Zheng Z, Zhou Y, Ye L, Lu Q, Zhang K, Zhang J, Xie L, Wu Y, Xu K, Zhang H, Xiao J. Histone deacetylase 6 inhibition restores autophagic flux to promote functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 2019; 324:113138. [PMID: 31794745 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), the inhibitory molecules derived from scars at the lesion sites and the limited regenerative capacity of neuronal axons pose difficulties for the recovery after SCI. Remodeling of cytoskeleton structures including microtubule assembly and tubulin post-translational modification are widely accepted to play a crucial role in initiation of growth cone and regrowth of injured axon. Although increasing studies have focused on the association between tubulin acetylation and autophagy due to the role of tubulin acetylation in organelles and substances transport, there are no studies exploring the effect of tubulin acetylation on autophagy after spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, we found that histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) was significantly up-regulated after SCI, while inhibition of HDAC6 by Tubastatin A induced functional recovery after SCI. In view of enzyme-dependent and -independent mechanisms of HDAC6 to adjust diverse cellular processes, such as autophagy, the ubiquitin proteasome system and post-translational modification of tubulin, we mainly focused on the significance of HDAC6 in axonal regeneration and autophagy after SCI. Western blotting, Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining were conducted to showed that Tubastatin A treatment in nocodazole-treated cells and mice suffering from SCI prompted acetylation and stabilization of microtubules and thus restored transport function, which may contribute to restored autophagic flux and increased axonal length. Whereas inhibition of degradation of autolysosomes by bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1) reversed functional recovery caused by Tubastatin A, revealing the association between tubulin acetylation and autophagy, which supports HDAC6 inhibition as a potential target for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Zheng
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yajiao Zhou
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luxia Ye
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kairui Zhang
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ke Xu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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McIntyre RL, Daniels EG, Molenaars M, Houtkooper RH, Janssens GE. From molecular promise to preclinical results: HDAC inhibitors in the race for healthy aging drugs. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e9854. [PMID: 31368626 PMCID: PMC6728603 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversing or slowing the aging process brings great promise to treat or prevent age‐related disease, and targeting the hallmarks of aging is a strategy to achieve this. Epigenetics affects several if not all of the hallmarks of aging and has therefore emerged as a central target for intervention. One component of epigenetic regulation involves histone deacetylases (HDAC), which include the “classical” histone deacetylases (of class I, II, and IV) and sirtuin deacetylases (of class III). While targeting sirtuins for healthy aging has been extensively reviewed elsewhere, this review focuses on pharmacologically inhibiting the classical HDACs to promote health and longevity. We describe the theories of how classical HDAC inhibitors may operate to increase lifespan, supported by studies in model organisms. Furthermore, we explore potential mechanisms of how HDAC inhibitors may have such a strong grasp on health and longevity, summarizing their links to other hallmarks of aging. Finally, we show the wide range of age‐related preclinical disease models, ranging from neurodegeneration to heart disease, diabetes to sarcopenia, which show improvement upon HDAC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L McIntyre
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eileen G Daniels
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marte Molenaars
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Eckhart L, Tschachler E, Gruber F. Autophagic Control of Skin Aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:143. [PMID: 31417903 PMCID: PMC6682604 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin forms the barrier to the environment. Maintenance of this barrier during aging requires orchestrated responses to variable types of stress, the continuous renewal of the epithelial compartment, and the homeostasis of long-lived cell types. Recent experimental evidence suggests that autophagy is critically involved in skin homeostasis and skin aging is associated with and partially caused by defects of autophagy. In the outer skin epithelium, autophagy is constitutively active during cornification of keratinocytes and increases the resistance to environmental stress. Experimental suppression of autophagy in the absence of stress is tolerated by the rapidly renewing epidermal epithelium, whereas long-lived skin cells such as melanocytes, Merkel cells and secretory cells of sweat glands depend on autophagy for cellular homeostasis and normal execution of their functions during aging. Yet other important roles of autophagy have been identified in the dermis where senescence of mesenchymal cells and alterations of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are hallmarks of aging. Here, we review the evidence for cell type-specific roles of autophagy in the skin and their differential contributions to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopold Eckhart
- Research Division of Biology and Pathobiology of the Skin, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin Tschachler
- Research Division of Biology and Pathobiology of the Skin, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Gruber
- Research Division of Biology and Pathobiology of the Skin, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Vienna, Austria
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35
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Pfister AS. Emerging Role of the Nucleolar Stress Response in Autophagy. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:156. [PMID: 31114481 PMCID: PMC6503120 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy represents a conserved self-digestion program, which allows regulated degradation of cellular material. Autophagy is activated by cellular stress, serum starvation and nutrient deprivation. Several autophagic pathways have been uncovered, which either non-selectively or selectively target the cellular cargo for lysosomal degradation. Autophagy engages the coordinated action of various key regulators involved in the steps of autophagosome formation, cargo targeting and lysosomal fusion. While non-selective (macro)autophagy is required for removal of bulk material or recycling of nutrients, selective autophagy mediates specific targeting of damaged organelles or protein aggregates. By proper action of the autophagic machinery, cellular homeostasis is maintained. In contrast, failure of this fundamental process is accompanied by severe pathophysiological conditions. Hallmarks of neuropathological disorders are for instance accumulated, mis-folded protein aggregates and damaged mitochondria. The nucleolus has been recognized as central hub in the cellular stress response. It represents a sub-nuclear organelle essential for ribosome biogenesis and also functions as stress sensor by mediating cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Thus, proper nucleolar function is mandatory for cell growth and survival. Here, I highlight the emerging role of nucleolar factors in the regulation of autophagy. Moreover, I discuss the nucleolar stress response as a novel signaling pathway in the context of autophagy, health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid S Pfister
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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