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Chen C, Song C, Liu B, Wang Y, Jia J, Pang K, Wang Y, Wang P. Activation of BMP4/SMAD pathway by HIF-1α in hypoxic environment promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and leads to ectopic bone formation. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102376. [PMID: 38608407 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Heterotopic ossification (HO), also known as ossifying myositis, is a condition that produces abnormal bone and cartilage tissue in the soft tissues. Hypoxia inducible factor lα (HIF-lα) regulates the expression of various genes, which is closely related to the promotion of bone formation, and Drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein (SMAD) mediates the signal transduction in the Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway, which affects the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and thus plays a key role in the regulation of bone remodeling. We aimed to investigate the mechanism by which HIF-1α induces osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a hypoxic environment. METHODS A cellular hypoxia model was constructed to verify the expression of HIF-1α, while alizarin red staining was performed to observe the osteogenic differentiation ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Alizarin red staining was used to analyze the late mineralization ability of the cells. Western blot analysis was performed to analyze the expression levels of osteogenesis-related factors OCN, OPN proteins as well as the pathway proteins BMP4, p-Smad1/5/8, and Smad1. We also constructed a rat model of ectopic bone formation, observed ectopic ossification by X-ray, and verified the success of the rat model by ELISA of HIF-1α. HE staining was used to observe the matrix and trabecular structure of bone, and Masson staining was used to observe the collagen and trabecular structure of bone. Immunohistochemistry analyzed the expression of OCN and OPN in ectopic bone tissues, and WB analyzed the expression of pathway proteins BMP4, p-Smad1/5/8 and Smad1 in ectopic bone tissues to verify the signaling pathway of ectopic bone formation. RESULTS Our results indicate that hypoxic environment upregulates HIF-1a expression and activates BMP4/SMAD signaling pathway. This led to an increase in ALP content and enhanced expression of the osteogenesis-related factors OCN and OPN, resulting in enhanced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The results of our in vivo experiments showed that rats inoculated with BMSCs overexpressing HIF-1α showed bony structures in tendon tissues, enhanced expression of the bone signaling pathways BMP4 and p-Smad1/5/8, and enhanced expression levels of the osteogenic-related factors OCN and OPN, resulting in the formation of ectopic bone. CONCLUSIONS These data further suggest a novel mechanistic view that hypoxic bone marrow BMSCs activate the BMP4/SMAD pathway by up-regulating the expression level of HIF-1α, thereby promoting the secretion of osteogenic factors leading to ectopic bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Chunhao Song
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weihai Wendeng District People Hospital, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Department of Laboratory, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Jun Jia
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Kai Pang
- Department of Operations Management, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Yuanhao Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China.
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2
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Dai K, Wang J, Liu C. Biomaterial-assisted therapeutic cell production and modification in vivo. Exp Hematol 2024; 133:104192. [PMID: 38432427 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the preferred treatment for a variety of hematopoietic function disorders. To address the issue of limited numbers of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), significant progress has been made in the technology for ex vivo expansion of HSPCs. In addition, biomaterial-assisted in vivo production technology for therapeutic cells, including HSPCs, is gradually gaining attention. With the aid of specifically functional biomaterials, researchers can construct bone-like tissues exhibiting typical bone marrow-like structures (termed in vivo osteo-organoids in this article) for the production of therapeutic cells. These in vivo osteo-organoids mimic the native bone marrow niche and provide a microenvironment conducive to the expansion and differentiation of HSPCs. In this perspective article, we systematically summarize the history of in vivo osteo-organoids as a model for studying hematopoiesis and cancer metastasis and propose the challenges faced by the in vivo osteo-organoid production platform for therapeutic cells in terms of clinical translation. Ultimately, we hope to achieve functional customization of in vivo osteo-organoid-derived cells through continuously developed material design methods, so as to meet the treatment needs of different types of diseases and bring hope for life to more people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Dai
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Wang Y, Hu Y, Wang M, Wang M, Xu Y. The Role of Breast Cancer Cells in Bone Metastasis: Suitable Seeds for Nourishing Soil. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:28-43. [PMID: 38206556 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review was to describe the characteristics of breast cancer cells prone to developing bone metastasis and determine how they are regulated by the bone microenvironment. RECENT FINDINGS The bone is a site of frequent breast cancer metastasis. Bone metastasis accounts for 70% of advanced breast cancer cases and remains incurable. It can lead to skeletal-related events, such as bone fracture and pain, and seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Breast cancer cells escape from the primary lesion and spread to the bone marrow in the early stages. They can then enter the dormant state and restore tumourigenicity after several years to develop overt metastasis. In the last few years, an increasing number of studies have reported on the factors promoting bone metastasis of breast cancer cells, both at the primary and metastatic sites. Identifying factors associated with bone metastasis aids in the early recognition of bone metastasis tendency. How to target these factors and minimize the side effects on the bone remains to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiou Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Outpatient, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mozhi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengshen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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4
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Llorente A, Blasco MT, Espuny I, Guiu M, Ballaré C, Blanco E, Caballé A, Bellmunt A, Salvador F, Morales A, Nuñez M, Loren G, Imbastari F, Fidalgo M, Figueras-Puig C, Gibler P, Graupera M, Monteiro F, Riera A, Holen I, Avgustinova A, Di Croce L, Gomis RR. MAF amplification licenses ERα through epigenetic remodelling to drive breast cancer metastasis. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:1833-1847. [PMID: 37945904 PMCID: PMC10709142 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01281-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
MAF amplification increases the risk of breast cancer (BCa) metastasis through mechanisms that are still poorly understood yet have important clinical implications. Oestrogen-receptor-positive (ER+) BCa requires oestrogen for both growth and metastasis, albeit by ill-known mechanisms. Here we integrate proteomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, chromatin accessibility and functional assays from human and syngeneic mouse BCa models to show that MAF directly interacts with oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα), thereby promoting a unique chromatin landscape that favours metastatic spread. We identify metastasis-promoting genes that are de novo licensed following oestrogen exposure in a MAF-dependent manner. The histone demethylase KDM1A is key to the epigenomic remodelling that facilitates the expression of the pro-metastatic MAF/oestrogen-driven gene expression program, and loss of KDM1A activity prevents this metastasis. We have thus determined that the molecular basis underlying MAF/oestrogen-mediated metastasis requires genetic, epigenetic and hormone signals from the systemic environment, which influence the ability of BCa cells to metastasize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Llorente
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Blasco
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Irene Espuny
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Guiu
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Ballaré
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Blanco
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià Caballé
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bellmunt
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Salvador
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Morales
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Nuñez
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Loren
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Imbastari
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Fidalgo
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Figueras-Puig
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrizia Gibler
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Freddy Monteiro
- Functional Genomics Core Facility, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ingunn Holen
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Luciano Di Croce
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger R Gomis
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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5
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Almagro J, Messal HA. Volume imaging to interrogate cancer cell-tumor microenvironment interactions in space and time. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1176594. [PMID: 37261345 PMCID: PMC10228654 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Volume imaging visualizes the three-dimensional (3D) complexity of tumors to unravel the dynamic crosstalk between cancer cells and the heterogeneous landscape of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tissue clearing and intravital microscopy (IVM) constitute rapidly progressing technologies to study the architectural context of such interactions. Tissue clearing enables high-resolution imaging of large samples, allowing for the characterization of entire tumors and even organs and organisms with tumors. With IVM, the dynamic engagement between cancer cells and the TME can be visualized in 3D over time, allowing for acquisition of 4D data. Together, tissue clearing and IVM have been critical in the examination of cancer-TME interactions and have drastically advanced our knowledge in fundamental cancer research and clinical oncology. This review provides an overview of the current technical repertoire of fluorescence volume imaging technologies to study cancer and the TME, and discusses how their recent applications have been utilized to advance our fundamental understanding of tumor architecture, stromal and immune infiltration, vascularization and innervation, and to explore avenues for immunotherapy and optimized chemotherapy delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Almagro
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hendrik A. Messal
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Coleman R. Metastasis prevention with bone-targeted agents: a complex interaction between the microenvironment and tumour biology. J Bone Miner Metab 2023; 41:290-300. [PMID: 37162605 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-023-01434-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of bone-targeted treatments has transformed the clinical care of many patients with metastatic breast cancer. In addition, due to the profound effects of bisphosphonates and denosumab on bone physiology and the bone microenvironment, the potential of bone-targeted agents to modify the process of metastasis has been studied extensively. FINDINGS Many adjuvant trials with bisphosphonates in early breast cancer have been performed. Variable outcomes in terms of disease recurrence have been reported, with any treatment benefits apparently influenced by the age and menopausal status of the patients. Results show that in breast cancer the use of adjuvant bisphosphonates reduce bone metastases and breast-cancer deaths in postmenopausal women. These effects are in addition to the benefits associated with the use of standard adjuvant endocrine, cytotoxic and targeted treatments with prevention of one in six breast-cancer deaths at 10 years. Biomarkers that can predict patient benefit from the use of bone-targeted treatments in the adjuvant setting are being evaluated. Currently, tumour expression of the transcription factor, MAF, seems to be the most promising biomarker; benefits from adjuvant bisphosphonates are seen in the 80% of patients with normal levels of expression irrespective of menopausal status and age, while over expression is associated with a poor prognosis and a higher rate of visceral metastases. CONCLUSIONS Adjuvant bisphosphonates are now part of standard clinical guidelines for postmenopausal women with early breast cancer at intermediate to high risk of recurrence. MAF testing of primary tumours may improve patient selection for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Coleman
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
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7
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Bohner M, Maazouz Y, Ginebra MP, Habibovic P, Schoenecker JG, Seeherman H, van den Beucken JJ, Witte F. Sustained local ionic homeostatic imbalance caused by calcification modulates inflammation to trigger heterotopic ossification. Acta Biomater 2022; 145:1-24. [PMID: 35398267 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a condition triggered by an injury leading to the formation of mature lamellar bone in extraskeletal soft tissues. Despite being a frequent complication of orthopedic and trauma surgery, brain and spinal injury, the etiology of HO is poorly understood. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hypothesis that a sustained local ionic homeostatic imbalance (SLIHI) created by mineral formation during tissue calcification modulates inflammation to trigger HO. This evaluation also considers the role SLIHI could play for the design of cell-free, drug-free osteoinductive bone graft substitutes. The evaluation contains five main sections. The first section defines relevant concepts in the context of HO and provides a summary of proposed causes of HO. The second section starts with a detailed analysis of the occurrence and involvement of calcification in HO. It is followed by an explanation of the causes of calcification and its consequences. This allows to speculate on the potential chemical modulators of inflammation and triggers of HO. The end of this second section is devoted to in vitro mineralization tests used to predict the ectopic potential of materials. The third section reviews the biological cascade of events occurring during pathological and material-induced HO, and attempts to propose a quantitative timeline of HO formation. The fourth section looks at potential ways to control HO formation, either acting on SLIHI or on inflammation. Chemical, physical, and drug-based approaches are considered. Finally, the evaluation finishes with a critical assessment of the definition of osteoinduction. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The ability to regenerate bone in a spatially controlled and reproducible manner is an essential prerequisite for the treatment of large bone defects. As such, understanding the mechanism leading to heterotopic ossification (HO), a condition triggered by an injury leading to the formation of mature lamellar bone in extraskeletal soft tissues, would be very useful. Unfortunately, the mechanism(s) behind HO is(are) poorly understood. The present study reviews the literature on HO and based on it, proposes that HO can be caused by a combination of inflammation and calcification. This mechanism helps to better understand current strategies to prevent and treat HO. It also shows new opportunities to improve the treatment of bone defects in orthopedic and dental procedures.
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8
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Chai RC, McDonald MM. Visualisation of tumour cells in bone in vivo at single-cell resolution. Bone 2022; 158:116113. [PMID: 34273634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The skeleton is a common site for the establishment of distant metastases. Once cancers occupy bone, the prognosis is poor as disease recurrence and visceral spread is imminent. Understanding the pathways and cellular interactions, which regulate tumour cell seeding, dormancy and growth in bone, is pertinent to improving outcomes for patients with advanced cancers. Advances in imaging techniques have facilitated the development of the concept that the behavior of bone marrow resident cells dictates the fate of tumour cells upon arrival in bone. This review summarises recent findings achieved through intravital imaging. It highlights the importance of developing both longitudinal static and acute dynamic data to develop our understanding of tumour cell engraftment, dormancy, activation and the subsequent establishment of metastases. We also describe how imaging techniques have developed our knowledge of the elements that make up the complex bone microenvironment which tumour cells interact with to survive and grow. We also discuss how through combining these imaging insights with single cell RNA sequencing data, we are entering a new era of research which has the power to define the cell-cell interactions which control tumour cell growth in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Chai
- Bone Biology Program, Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle M McDonald
- Bone Biology Program, Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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9
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Ecology and evolution of dormant metastasis. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:570-582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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10
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Bakker GJ, Weischer S, Ferrer Ortas J, Heidelin J, Andresen V, Beutler M, Beaurepaire E, Friedl P. Intravital deep-tumor single-beam 3-photon, 4-photon, and harmonic microscopy. eLife 2022; 11:e63776. [PMID: 35166669 PMCID: PMC8849342 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-photon excitation has recently been demonstrated as an effective method to perform intravital microscopy in deep, previously inaccessible regions of the mouse brain. The applicability of 3-photon excitation for deep imaging of other, more heterogeneous tissue types has been much less explored. In this work, we analyze the benefit of high-pulse-energy 1 MHz pulse-repetition-rate infrared excitation near 1300 and 1700 nm for in-depth imaging of tumorous and bone tissue. We show that this excitation regime provides a more than 2-fold increased imaging depth in tumor and bone tissue compared to the illumination conditions commonly used in 2-photon excitation, due to improved excitation confinement and reduced scattering. We also show that simultaneous 3- and 4-photon processes can be effectively induced with a single laser line, enabling the combined detection of blue to far-red fluorescence together with second and third harmonic generation without chromatic aberration, at excitation intensities compatible with live tissue imaging. Finally, we analyze photoperturbation thresholds in this excitation regime and derive setpoints for safe cell imaging. Together, these results indicate that infrared high-pulse-energy low-repetition-rate excitation opens novel perspectives for intravital deep-tissue microscopy of multiple parameters in strongly scattering tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert-Jan Bakker
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Sarah Weischer
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Júlia Ferrer Ortas
- Laboratory for Optics & Biosciences École Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERMParisFrance
| | - Judith Heidelin
- LaVision BioTec GmbH, a Miltenyi Biotec companyBielefeldGermany
| | - Volker Andresen
- LaVision BioTec GmbH, a Miltenyi Biotec companyBielefeldGermany
| | | | - Emmanuel Beaurepaire
- Laboratory for Optics & Biosciences École Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERMParisFrance
| | - Peter Friedl
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenNetherlands
- Cancer Genomics CentreUtrechtNetherlands
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
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11
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Lowen GB, Vanderburgh JP, Florian D, Scott T, Sterling JAR, Guelcher SA. A Perfusion Bioreactor Model of Tumor-Induced Bone Disease Using Human Cells. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e333. [PMID: 34985830 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Advanced solid tumors often metastasize to bone. Once established in bone, these tumors can induce bone destruction resulting in decreased quality of life and increased mortality. Neither 2D in vitro models nor 3D animal models sufficiently recapitulate the human bone-tumor microenvironment needed to fully understand the complexities of bone metastasis, highlighting the need for new models. A 3D in vitro humanized model of tumor-induced bone disease was developed by dynamically culturing human osteoblast, osteoclast, and metastatic cancer cells together within tissue-engineered bone constructs. Cell-mediated resorption can be observed by micro-computed tomography and can be quantified by change in mass. Taken together, these data can be used to investigate whether the metastatic cancer cells included in the model have the potential to drive osteoclastogenesis and cell-mediated resorption in vitro. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Fabricating bone-like scaffolds Basic Protocol 2: Preparing cells for the humanized model of TIBD Basic Protocol 3: Crafting a 3D in vitro humanized model of TIBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory B Lowen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joseph P Vanderburgh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David Florian
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Taylor Scott
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Julie A Rhoades Sterling
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Scott A Guelcher
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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12
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Maiorino L, Shevik M, Adrover JM, Han X, Georgas E, Wilkinson JE, Seidner H, Foerschner L, Tuveson DA, Qin YX, Egeblad M. Longitudinal Intravital Imaging Through Clear Silicone Windows. JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS : JOVE 2022:10.3791/62757. [PMID: 35068483 PMCID: PMC9286001 DOI: 10.3791/62757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Intravital microscopy (IVM) enables visualization of cell movement, division, and death at single-cell resolution. IVM through surgically inserted imaging windows is particularly powerful because it allows longitudinal observation of the same tissue over days to weeks. Typical imaging windows comprise a glass coverslip in a biocompatible metal frame sutured to the mouse's skin. These windows can interfere with the free movement of the mice, elicit a strong inflammatory response, and fail due to broken glass or torn sutures, any of which may necessitate euthanasia. To address these issues, windows for long-term abdominal organ and mammary gland imaging were developed from a thin film of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), an optically clear silicone polymer previously used for cranial imaging windows. These windows can be glued directly to the tissues, reducing the time needed for insertion. PDMS is flexible, contributing to its durability in mice over time-up to 35 days have been tested. Longitudinal imaging is imaging of the same tissue region during separate sessions. A stainless-steel grid was embedded within the windows to localize the same region, allowing the visualization of dynamic processes (like mammary gland involution) at the same locations, days apart. This silicone window also allowed monitoring of single disseminated cancer cells developing into micro-metastases over time. The silicone windows used in this study are simpler to insert than metal-framed glass windows and cause limited inflammation of the imaged tissues. Moreover, embedded grids allow for straightforward tracking of the same tissue region in repeated imaging sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maiorino
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
11724, USA,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory School of Biological
Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Margaret Shevik
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
11724, USA,Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine,
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA,Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Stony Brook University,
Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - José M. Adrover
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
11724, USA
| | - Xiao Han
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
11724, USA,Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Elias Georgas
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook
University, NY 11794, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook
University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | | | - Harrison Seidner
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
11724, USA
| | | | - David A. Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
11724, USA
| | - Yi-Xian Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook
University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
11724, USA
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13
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Hickey SM, Ung B, Bader C, Brooks R, Lazniewska J, Johnson IRD, Sorvina A, Logan J, Martini C, Moore CR, Karageorgos L, Sweetman MJ, Brooks DA. Fluorescence Microscopy-An Outline of Hardware, Biological Handling, and Fluorophore Considerations. Cells 2021; 11:35. [PMID: 35011596 PMCID: PMC8750338 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy has become a critical tool for researchers to understand biological processes at the cellular level. Micrographs from fixed and live-cell imaging procedures feature in a plethora of scientific articles for the field of cell biology, but the complexities of fluorescence microscopy as an imaging tool can sometimes be overlooked or misunderstood. This review seeks to cover the three fundamental considerations when designing fluorescence microscopy experiments: (1) hardware availability; (2) amenability of biological models to fluorescence microscopy; and (3) suitability of imaging agents for intended applications. This review will help equip the reader to make judicious decisions when designing fluorescence microscopy experiments that deliver high-resolution and informative images for cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane M. Hickey
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (C.B.); (R.B.); (J.L.); (I.R.D.J.); (A.S.); (J.L.); (C.M.); (C.R.M.); (L.K.); (M.J.S.); (D.A.B.)
| | - Ben Ung
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (C.B.); (R.B.); (J.L.); (I.R.D.J.); (A.S.); (J.L.); (C.M.); (C.R.M.); (L.K.); (M.J.S.); (D.A.B.)
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14
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Chen S, Huang H, Liu Y, Wang C, Chen X, Chang Y, Li Y, Guo Z, Han Z, Han ZC, Zhao Q, Chen XM, Li Z. Renal subcapsular delivery of PGE 2 promotes kidney repair by activating endogenous Sox9 + stem cells. iScience 2021; 24:103243. [PMID: 34746706 PMCID: PMC8554536 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has recently been recognized to play a role in immune regulation and tissue regeneration. However, the short half-life of PGE2 limits its clinical application. Improving the delivery of PGE2 specifically to the target organ with a prolonged release method is highly desirable. Taking advantage of the adequate space and proximity of the renal parenchyma, renal subcapsular delivery allows minimally invasive and effective delivery to the entire kidney. Here, we report that by covalently cross-linking it to a collagen matrix, PGE2 exhibits an adequate long-term presence in the kidney with extensive intraparenchymal penetration through renal subcapsular delivery and significantly improves kidney function. Sox9 cell lineage tracing with intravital microscopy revealed that PGE2 could activate the endogenous renal progenitor Sox9+ cells through the Yap signaling pathway. Our results highlight the prospects of utilizing renal subcapsular-based drug delivery and facilitate new applications of PGE2-releasing matrices for regenerative therapy. PGE2 exhibits an adequate long-term release by being covalently cross-linked to collagen The renal subcapsular space serves as a reservoir for the delivery of PGE2 Sox9+ renal progenitor cells can be lineage traced intravitally by microscopy PGE2 activates the endogenous renal progenitor Sox9+ cells through the YAP pathway
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.,The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Haoyan Huang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.,The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoniao Chen
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqiao Chang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhikun Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhibo Han
- Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Engineering Technologies for Cell Pharmaceutical, National Engineering Research Center for Cell Products, AmCellGene Co., Ltd., Tianjin China
| | - Zhong-Chao Han
- Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Engineering Technologies for Cell Pharmaceutical, National Engineering Research Center for Cell Products, AmCellGene Co., Ltd., Tianjin China.,Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Perinatal Stem Cells, Beijing Institute of Health and Stem Cells, Health & Biotech Co., Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang-Mei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Zongjin Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.,The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100039, China
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15
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Cancer Cell Invasion and Metastasis in Zebrafish Models (Danio rerio). Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2294:3-16. [PMID: 33742390 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1350-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cell vascular invasion and extravasation at metastatic sites are hallmarks of malignant progression of cancer and associated with poor disease outcome. Here we describe an in vivo approach to study the invasive ability of cancer cells into the vasculature and their hematogenous metastatic seeding in zebrafish (Danio rerio). In one approach, extravasation of fluorescently labeled cancer cells is monitored in zebrafish embryos whose vasculature is marked by a contrasting fluorescent reporter. After injection into the precardiac sinus of 2-day-old embryos, cancer cells can extravasate from the vasculature into tissues over the next few days. Extravasated cancer cells are identified and counted in live embryos via fluorescence microscopy. In a second approach, intravasation of cancer cells can be evaluated by changing their injection site to the yolk sac of zebrafish embryos. In addition to monitoring the impact of drivers of malignant progression, candidate inhibitors can be studied in this in vivo model system for their efficacy as well as their toxicity for the host.
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16
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Kapsokalyvas D, Rosas R, Janssen RWA, Vanoevelen JM, Nabben M, Strauch M, Merhof D, van Zandvoort MAMJ. Multiview deconvolution approximation multiphoton microscopy of tissues and zebrafish larvae. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10160. [PMID: 33980963 PMCID: PMC8115086 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89566-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging in three dimensions is necessary for thick tissues and small organisms. This is possible with tomographic optical microscopy techniques such as confocal, multiphoton and light sheet microscopy. All these techniques suffer from anisotropic resolution and limited penetration depth. In the past, Multiview microscopy-imaging the sample from different angles followed by 3D image reconstruction-was developed to address this issue for light sheet microscopy based on fluorescence signal. In this study we applied this methodology to accomplish Multiview imaging with multiphoton microscopy based on fluorescence and additionally second harmonic signal from myosin and collagen. It was shown that isotropic resolution was achieved, the entirety of the sample was visualized, and interference artifacts were suppressed allowing clear visualization of collagen fibrils and myofibrils. This method can be applied to any scanning microscopy technique without microscope modifications. It can be used for imaging tissue and whole mount small organisms such as heart tissue, and zebrafish larva in 3D, label-free or stained, with at least threefold axial resolution improvement which can be significant for the accurate quantification of small 3D structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Kapsokalyvas
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands ,grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Rosas
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Rob W. A. Janssen
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jo M. Vanoevelen
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Strauch
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XInstitute of Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dorit Merhof
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XInstitute of Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marc A. M. J. van Zandvoort
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands ,grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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17
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Vaghela R, Arkudas A, Horch RE, Hessenauer M. Actually Seeing What Is Going on - Intravital Microscopy in Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:627462. [PMID: 33681162 PMCID: PMC7925911 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.627462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravital microscopy (IVM) study approach offers several advantages over in vitro, ex vivo, and 3D models. IVM provides real-time imaging of cellular events, which provides us a comprehensive picture of dynamic processes. Rapid improvement in microscopy techniques has permitted deep tissue imaging at a higher resolution. Advances in fluorescence tagging methods enable tracking of specific cell types. Moreover, IVM can serve as an important tool to study different stages of tissue regeneration processes. Furthermore, the compatibility of different tissue engineered constructs can be analyzed. IVM is also a promising approach to investigate host reactions on implanted biomaterials. IVM can provide instant feedback for improvising tissue engineering strategies. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the requirements and applications of different IVM approaches. First, we will discuss the history of IVM development, and then we will provide an overview of available optical modalities including the pros and cons. Later, we will summarize different fluorescence labeling methods. In the final section, we will discuss well-established chronic and acute IVM models for different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikumar Vaghela
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Arkudas
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raymund E Horch
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Hessenauer
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Wang F, Ma Z, Zhong Y, Salazar F, Xu C, Ren F, Qu L, Wu AM, Dai H. In vivo NIR-II structured-illumination light-sheet microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2023888118. [PMID: 33526701 PMCID: PMC8017937 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023888118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive optical imaging with deep tissue penetration depth and high spatiotemporal resolution is important to longitudinally studying the biology at the single-cell level in live mammals, but has been challenging due to light scattering. Here, we developed near-infrared II (NIR-II) (1,000 to 1,700 nm) structured-illumination light-sheet microscopy (NIR-II SIM) with ultralong excitation and emission wavelengths up to ∼1,540 and ∼1,700 nm, respectively, suppressing light scattering to afford large volumetric three-dimensional (3D) imaging of tissues with deep-axial penetration depths. Integrating structured illumination into NIR-II light-sheet microscopy further diminished background and improved spatial resolution by approximately twofold. In vivo oblique NIR-II SIM was performed noninvasively for 3D volumetric multiplexed molecular imaging of the CT26 tumor microenvironment in mice, longitudinally mapping out CD4, CD8, and OX40 at the single-cell level in response to immunotherapy by cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG), a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR-9) agonist combined with OX40 antibody treatment. NIR-II SIM affords an additional tool for noninvasive volumetric molecular imaging of immune cells in live mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Bio-X, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Zhuoran Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Bio-X, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Yeteng Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Bio-X, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Felix Salazar
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Chun Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Bio-X, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Fuqiang Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Bio-X, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Liangqiong Qu
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94303
| | - Anna M Wu
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Hongjie Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;
- Bio-X, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
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19
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Kade JC, Dalton PD. Polymers for Melt Electrowriting. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001232. [PMID: 32940962 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Melt electrowriting (MEW) is an emerging high-resolution additive manufacturing technique based on the electrohydrodynamic processing of polymers. MEW is predominantly used to fabricate scaffolds for biomedical applications, where the microscale fiber positioning has substantial implications in its macroscopic mechanical properties. This review gives an update on the increasing number of polymers processed via MEW and different commercial sources of the gold standard poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). A description of MEW-processed polymers beyond PCL is introduced, including blends and coated fibers to provide specific advantages in biomedical applications. Furthermore, a perspective on printer designs and developments is highlighted, to keep expanding the variety of processable polymers for MEW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane C. Kade
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry Bavarian Polymer Institute University Clinic Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Paul D. Dalton
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry Bavarian Polymer Institute University Clinic Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
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20
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Margarido AS, Bornes L, Vennin C, van Rheenen J. Cellular Plasticity during Metastasis: New Insights Provided by Intravital Microscopy. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2020; 10:cshperspect.a037267. [PMID: 31615867 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a highly dynamic process during which cancer and microenvironmental cells undergo a cascade of events required for efficient dissemination throughout the body. During the metastatic cascade, tumor cells can change their state and behavior, a phenomenon commonly defined as cellular plasticity. To monitor cellular plasticity during metastasis, high-resolution intravital microscopy (IVM) techniques have been developed and allow us to visualize individual cells by repeated imaging in animal models. In this review, we summarize the latest technological advancements in the field of IVM and how they have been applied to monitor metastatic events. In particular, we highlight how longitudinal imaging in native tissues can provide new insights into the plastic physiological and developmental processes that are hijacked by cancer cells during metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia S Margarido
- Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Bornes
- Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Vennin
- Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Mukaida N, Zhang D, Sasaki SI. Emergence of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as an Indispensable Cellular Player in Bone Metastasis Process. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2896. [PMID: 33050237 PMCID: PMC7600711 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis is frequently complicated in patients with advanced solid cancers such as breast, prostate and lung cancers, and impairs patients' quality of life and prognosis. At the first step of bone metastasis, cancer cells adhere to the endothelium in bone marrow and survive in a dormant state by utilizing hematopoietic niches present therein. Once a dormant stage is disturbed, cancer cells grow through the interaction with various bone marrow resident cells, particularly osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Consequently, osteoclast activation is a hallmark of bone metastasis. As a consequence, the drugs targeting osteoclast activation are frequently used to treat bone metastasis but are not effective to inhibit cancer cell growth in bone marrow. Thus, additional types of resident cells are presumed to contribute to cancer cell growth in bone metastasis sites. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are fibroblasts that accumulate in cancer tissues and can have diverse roles in cancer progression and metastasis. Given the presence of CAFs in bone metastasis sites, CAFs are emerging as an important cellular player in bone metastasis. Hence, in this review, we will discuss the potential roles of CAFs in tumor progression, particularly bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Mukaida
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan; (D.Z.); (S.S.)
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22
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Wang Y, Ren S, Wang Z, Wang Z, Zhu N, Cai D, Ye Z, Ruan J. Chemokines in bone-metastatic breast cancer: Therapeutic opportunities. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 87:106815. [PMID: 32711376 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to non-response to chemotherapy, incomplete surgical resection, and resistance to checkpoint inhibitors, breast cancer with bone metastasis is notoriously difficult to cure. Therefore, the development of novel, efficient strategies to tackle bone metastasis of breast cancer is urgently needed. Chemokines, which induce directed migration of immune cells and act as guide molecules between diverse cells and tissues, are small proteins indispensable in immunity. These complex chemokine networks play pro-tumor roles or anti-tumor roles when produced by breast cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, chemokines have diverse roles when secreted by various immune cells in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer, which can be roughly divided into immunosuppressive effects and immunostimulatory effects. Recently, targeting chemokine networks has been shown to have potential for use in treatment of metastatic malignancies, including bone-metastatic breast cancer. In this review, we focus on the role of chemokines networks in the biology of breast cancer and metastasis to the bone. We also discuss the therapeutic opportunities and future prospects of targeting chemokine networks, in combination with other current standard therapies, for the treatment of bone-metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shihong Ren
- First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zenan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | | | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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23
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Dondossola E, Casarin S, Paindelli C, De-Juan-Pardo EM, Hutmacher DW, Logothetis CJ, Friedl P. Radium 223-Mediated Zonal Cytotoxicity of Prostate Cancer in Bone. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 111:1042-1050. [PMID: 30657953 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djz007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone-targeting radiotherapy with Radium-223 (Rad-223), a radioisotope emitting genotoxic alpha-radiation with limited tissue penetrance (∼100 µm), prolongs the survival of patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). Confoundingly, the clinical response to Rad-223 is often followed by detrimental relapse and progression, and whether Rad-223 causes tumor-cell directed cytotoxicity in vivo remains unclear. We hypothesized that limited radiation penetrance in situ defines outcome. METHODS We tested Rad-223 overall response by PC3 and C4-2B human PCa cell lines in mouse bones (n = 5-18 tibiae per group). Rad-223 efficacy at subcellular resolution was determined by intravital microscopy analysis of dual-color fluorescent PC3 cells (n = 3-4 mice per group) in tissue-engineered bone constructs. In vivo data were fed into an in silico model to predict Rad-223 effectiveness in lesions of different sizes (1-27, 306 initial cells; n = 10-100 simulations) and the predictions validated in vivo by treating PCa tumors of varying sizes in bones (n = 10-14 tibiae per group). Statistical tests were performed by two-sided Student t test or by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. RESULTS Rad-223 (385 kBq/kg) delayed the growth (means [SD]; comparison with control-treated mice) of PC3 (6.7 × 105[4.2 × 105] vs 2.8 × 106 [2.2 × 106], P = .01) and C4-2B tumors in bone (7.7 × 105 [4.0 × 105] vs 3.5 × 106 [1.3 × 106], P < .001). Cancer cell lethality in response to Rad-223 (385 kBq/kg) was profound but zonally confined along the bone interface compared with the more distant tumor core, which remained unperturbed (day 4; 13.1 [2.3%] apoptotic cells, 0-100 µm distance from bone vs 3.6 [0.2%], >300 µm distance; P = .01).In silico simulations predicted greater efficacy of Rad-223 on single-cell lesions (eradication rate: 88.0%) and minimal effects on larger tumors (no eradication, 16.2% growth reduction in tumors of 27 306 cells), as further confirmed in vivo for PC3 and C4-2B tumors. CONCLUSIONS Micro-tumors showed severe growth delay or eradication in response to Rad-223, whereas macro-tumors persisted and expanded. The relative inefficacy in controlling large tumors points to application of Rad-223 in secondary prevention of early bone-metastatic disease and regimens co-targeting the tumor core.
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Stefanowski J, Fiedler AF, Köhler M, Günther R, Liublin W, Tschaikner M, Rauch A, Reismann D, Matthys R, Nützi R, Bixel MG, Adams RH, Niesner RA, Duda GN, Hauser AE. Limbostomy: Longitudinal Intravital Microendoscopy in Murine Osteotomies. Cytometry A 2020; 97:483-495. [PMID: 32196971 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Bone healing involves the interplay of immune cells, mesenchymal cells, and vasculature over the time course of regeneration. Approaches to quantify the spatiotemporal aspects of bone healing at cellular resolution during long bone healing do not yet exist. Here, a novel technique termed Limbostomy is presented, which combines intravital microendoscopy with an osteotomy. This design allows a modular combination of an internal fixator plate with a gradient refractive index (GRIN) lens at various depths in the bone marrow and can be combined with a surgical osteotomy procedure. The field of view (FOV) covers a significant area of the fracture gap and allows monitoring cellular processes in vivo. The GRIN lens causes intrinsic optical aberrations which have to be corrected. The optical system was characterized and a postprocessing algorithm was developed. It corrects for wave front aberration-induced image plane deformation and for background and noise signals, enabling us to observe subcellular processes. Exemplarily, we quantitatively and qualitatively analyze angiogenesis in bone regeneration. We make use of a transgenic reporter mouse strain with nucleargreen fluorescent protein and membrane-bound tdTomato under the Cadherin-5 promoter. We observe two phases of vascularization. First, rapid vessel sprouting pervades the FOV within 3-4 days after osteotomy. Second, the vessel network continues to be dynamically remodeled until the end of our observation time, 14 days after surgery. Limbostomy opens a unique set of opportunities and allows further insight on spatiotemporal aspects of bone marrow biology, for example, hematopoiesis, analysis of cellular niches, immunological memory, and vascularization in the bone marrow during health and disease. © 2020 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Stefanowski
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander F Fiedler
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Freie Universitat Berlin, Veterinary Medicine, Dynamic and Functional in vivo Imaging, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Köhler
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Freie Universitat Berlin, Veterinary Medicine, Dynamic and Functional in vivo Imaging, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Günther
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wjatscheslaw Liublin
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Tschaikner
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ariana Rauch
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Reismann
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ralf H Adams
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Raluca A Niesner
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Freie Universitat Berlin, Veterinary Medicine, Dynamic and Functional in vivo Imaging, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja E Hauser
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
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25
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Follain G, Herrmann D, Harlepp S, Hyenne V, Osmani N, Warren SC, Timpson P, Goetz JG. Fluids and their mechanics in tumour transit: shaping metastasis. Nat Rev Cancer 2020; 20:107-124. [PMID: 31780785 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a dynamic succession of events involving the dissemination of tumour cells to distant sites within the body, ultimately reducing the survival of patients with cancer. To colonize distant organs and, therefore, systemically disseminate within the organism, cancer cells and associated factors exploit several bodily fluid systems, which provide a natural transportation route. Indeed, the flow mechanics of the blood and lymphatic circulatory systems can be co-opted to improve the efficiency of cancer cell transit from the primary tumour, extravasation and metastatic seeding. Flow rates, vessel size and shear stress can all influence the survival of cancer cells in the circulation and control organotropic seeding patterns. Thus, in addition to using these fluids as a means to travel throughout the body, cancer cells exploit the underlying physical forces within these fluids to successfully seed distant metastases. In this Review, we describe how circulating tumour cells and tumour-associated factors leverage bodily fluids, their underlying forces and imposed stresses during metastasis. As the contribution of bodily fluids and their mechanics raises interesting questions about the biology of the metastatic cascade, an improved understanding of this process might provide a new avenue for targeting cancer cells in transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Follain
- INSERM UMR_S1109, Tumor Biomechanics, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - David Herrmann
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sébastien Harlepp
- INSERM UMR_S1109, Tumor Biomechanics, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Hyenne
- INSERM UMR_S1109, Tumor Biomechanics, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- CNRS SNC 505, Strasbourg, France
| | - Naël Osmani
- INSERM UMR_S1109, Tumor Biomechanics, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Sean C Warren
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Jacky G Goetz
- INSERM UMR_S1109, Tumor Biomechanics, Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.
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26
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Mayhew V, Omokehinde T, Johnson RW. Tumor dormancy in bone. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2020; 3:e1156. [PMID: 32632400 PMCID: PMC7337256 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow is a common site of metastasis for a number of tumor types, including breast, prostate, and lung cancer, but the mechanisms controlling tumor dormancy in bone are poorly understood. In breast cancer, while advances in drug development, screening practices, and surgical techniques have dramatically improved survival rates in recent decades, metastatic recurrence in the bone remains common and can develop years or decades after elimination of the primary tumor. Recent Findings It is now understood that tumor cells disseminate to distant metastatic sites at early stages of tumor progression, leaving cancer survivors at a high risk of recurrence. This review will discuss mechanisms of bone lesion development and current theories of how dormant cancer cells behave in bone, as well as a number of processes suspected to be involved in the maintenance of and exit from dormancy in the bone microenvironment. Conclusions The bone is a complex microenvironment with a multitude of cell types and processes. Many of these factors, including angiogenesis, immune surveillance, and hypoxia, are thought to regulate tumor cell entry and exit from dormancy in different bone marrow niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Mayhew
- Graduate Program in Cancer BiologyVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology
| | - Tolu Omokehinde
- Graduate Program in Cancer BiologyVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology
| | - Rachelle W. Johnson
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical PharmacologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA
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27
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Kapsokalyvas D, van Zandvoort MAMJ. Molecular Imaging in Oncology: Advanced Microscopy Techniques. Recent Results Cancer Res 2020; 216:533-561. [PMID: 32594398 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42618-7_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical studies usually require high levels of morphological, functional, and biochemical information at subcellular resolution. This type of information cannot be obtained from clinical imaging techniques, such as MRI, PET/CT, or US. Luckily, many microscopy techniques exist that can offer this information, also for malignant tissues and therapeutic approaches. In this overview, we discuss the various advanced optical microscopy techniques and their applications in oncological research. After a short introduction in Sect. 16.1, we continue in Sect. 16.2 with a discussion on fluorescent labelling strategies, followed in Sect. 16.3 by an in-depth description of confocal, light-sheet, two-photon, and super-resolution microscopy. We end in Sect. 16.4 with a focus on the applications, specifically in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Kapsokalyvas
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology GROW and School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institut für Molekulare Kreislaufforschung, Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marc A M J van Zandvoort
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology GROW and School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Institut für Molekulare Kreislaufforschung, Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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28
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Schutrum BE, Whitman MA, Fischbach C. Biomaterials-Based Model Systems to Study Tumor–Microenvironment Interactions. Biomater Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816137-1.00077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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Multiscale Imaging of Metastasis in Zebrafish. Trends Cancer 2019; 5:766-778. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Cho N, Shokeen M. Changing landscape of optical imaging in skeletal metastases. J Bone Oncol 2019; 17:100249. [PMID: 31316892 PMCID: PMC6611980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2019.100249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical imaging is an emerging strategy for in vitro and in vivo visualization of the molecular mechanisms of cancer over time. An increasing number of optical imaging contrast agents and techniques have been developed in recent years specifically for bone research and skeletal metastases. Visualizing molecular processes in relation to bone remodeling in metastasized cancers provides valuable information for understanding disease mechanisms and monitoring expression of primary molecular targets and therapeutic efficacy. This review is intended to provide an overview of tumor-specific and non-specific contrast agents in the first near-infrared window (NIR-I) window from 650 nm to 950 nm that can be used to study functional and structural aspects of skeletal remodeling of cancer in preclinical animal models. Near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging techniques, specifically NIR spectroscopy and photoacoustic imaging, and their use in skeletal metastases will also be discussed. Perspectives on the promises and challenges facing this exciting field are then given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Cho
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Monica Shokeen
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.,Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Washington University School of Medicine and Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
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31
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Salvador F, Llorente A, Gomis RR. From latency to overt bone metastasis in breast cancer: potential for treatment and prevention. J Pathol 2019; 249:6-18. [PMID: 31095738 PMCID: PMC6771808 DOI: 10.1002/path.5292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastasis is present in a high percentage of breast cancer (BCa) patients with distant disease, especially in those with the estrogen receptor‐positive (ER+) subtype. Most cells that escape primary tumors are unable to establish metastatic lesions, which suggests that target organ microenvironments are hostile for tumor cells. This implies that BCa cells must achieve a process of speciation to adapt to the new conditions imposed in the new organ. Bone has unique characteristics that can be exploited by cancer cells: it undergoes constant remodeling and comprises diverse environments (including osteogenic, perivascular, and hematopoietic stem cell niches). This allows colonizing cells to take advantage of numerous adhesion molecules, matrix proteins, and soluble factors that facilitate homing, survival, and, eventually, metastatic outgrowth. However, in most cases, metastatic lesions enter into a latency state that can last months, years, or even decades, before forming a clinically detectable macrometastasis. This dormant state challenges the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy. Detecting which tumors are more prone to metastasize to bone and developing new specific therapies that target bone metastasis represent urgent clinical needs. Here, we review the biological mechanisms of BCa bone metastasis and provide the latest options of treatments and predictive markers that are currently in clinical use or are being tested in clinical assays. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Salvador
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger R Gomis
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain.,School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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32
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Ahn J, Kong E, Choe K, Song E, Hwang Y, Seo H, Park I, Kim P. In vivo longitudinal depth-wise visualization of tumorigenesis by needle-shaped side-view confocal endomicroscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:2719-2729. [PMID: 31259046 PMCID: PMC6583337 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.002719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In vivo, longitudinal observation of tumorigenesis in a live mouse model over an extended time period has been actively pursued to obtain a better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanism in a highly complex tumor microenvironment. However, common intravital imaging approaches based on a conventional laser scanning confocal or a two-photon microscope have been mostly limited to the observation of superficial parts of the solid tumor tissue. In this work, we implemented a small diameter needle-shaped side-view confocal endomicroscope that can be directly inserted into a solid tumor in a minimally-invasive manner in vivo. By inserting the side-view endomicroscope into the breast tumor from the surface, we achieved in vivo depth-wise cellular-level visualization of microvasculature and fluorescently labeled tumor cells located deeply inside the tumor. In addition, we successfully performed longitudinal depth-wise visualization of a growing breast tumor over three weeks in a live mouse model, which revealed dynamic changes in microvasculature such as a decreasing amount of intratumoral blood vessels over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyo Ahn
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Eunji Kong
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Kibaek Choe
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Eunjoo Song
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Yoonha Hwang
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Howon Seo
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Inwon Park
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH), 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Pilhan Kim
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
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33
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Wu YF, Tan HY, Lin SJ. Long-Term Intravital Imaging of the Cornea, Skin, and Hair Follicle by Multiphoton Microscope. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 2150:131-140. [PMID: 30969402 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2019_227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy allows long-term direct visualization of cells in live animals due to its low photodamage. When coupled with fluorescence protein targeting and second harmonic generation signals from natural collagen as contrast, multiphoton microscopy enables intravital tracing of cells while providing structural information from the extracellular matrix. Compared with conventional histological analysis, it can bring new insight into the cell dynamics in stem cell research. Here, we demonstrate cell imaging and tracing at a single cell resolution in the cornea, skin, and hair follicles using multiphoton microscopy in transgenic mice of which specific cell populations are tagged with fluorescent proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Feng Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yuan Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Jan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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