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Phu DH, Wongtawan T, Wintachai P, Nhung NT, Yen NTP, Carrique-Mas J, Turni C, Omaleki L, Blackall PJ, Thomrongsuwannakij T. Molecular characterization of Campylobacter spp. isolates obtained from commercial broilers and native chickens in Southern Thailand using whole genome sequencing. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103485. [PMID: 38335668 PMCID: PMC10869288 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chickens are the primary reservoirs of Campylobacter spp., mainly C. jejuni and C. coli, that cause human bacterial gastrointestinal infections. However, genomic characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. in low- to middle-income countries need more comprehensive exploration. This study aimed to characterize 21 C. jejuni and 5 C. coli isolates from commercial broilers and native chickens using whole genome sequencing and compare them to 28 reference Campylobacter sequences. Among the 26 isolates, 13 sequence types (ST) were identified in C. jejuni and 5 ST in C. coli. The prominent ST was ST 2274 (5 isolates, 19.2%), followed by ST 51, 460, 2409, and 6455 (2 isolates in each ST, 7.7%), while all remaining ST (464, 536, 595, 2083, 6736, 6964, 8096, 10437, 828, 872, 900, 8237, and 13540) had 1 isolate per ST (3.8%). Six types of antimicrobial resistance genes (ant(6)-Ia, aph(3')-III, blaOXA, cat, erm(B), and tet(O)) and one point mutations in the gyrA gene (Threonine-86-Isoleucine) and another in the rpsL gene (Lysine-43-Arginine) were detected. The blaOXA resistance gene was present in all isolates, the gyrA mutations was in 95.2% of C. jejuni and 80.0% of C. coli, and the tet(O) resistance gene in 76.2% of C. jejuni and 80.0% of C. coli. Additionally, 203 virulence-associated genes linked to 16 virulence factors were identified. In terms of phenotypic resistance, the C. jejuni isolates were all resistant to ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and nalidixic acid, with lower levels of resistance to tetracycline (76.2%), tylosin (52.3%), erythromycin (23.8%), azithromycin (22.2%), and gentamicin (11.1%). Most C. coli isolates were resistant to all tested antimicrobials, while 1 C. coli was pan-susceptible except for tylosin. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms concordance varied widely, with differences of up to 13,375 single-nucleotide polymorphisms compared to the reference Campylobacter isolates, highlighting genetic divergence among comparative genomes. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the molecular epidemiology of Campylobacter spp. in Thai chicken production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doan Hoang Phu
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Doctoral Program in Health Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Tuempong Wongtawan
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | | | - Nguyen Thi Nhung
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | | | - Juan Carrique-Mas
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Ha Noi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Conny Turni
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Lida Omaleki
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Patrick J Blackall
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Thotsapol Thomrongsuwannakij
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
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Oncel B, Hasdemir U, Aksu B, Pournaras S. Antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli: significant contribution of an RND type efflux pump in erythromycin resistance. J Chemother 2024; 36:110-118. [PMID: 37830134 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2023.2267895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance status of Campylobacter spp. isolated from human infections in our region, including the role of mechanisms involved in erythromycin resistance. Standard methods were used for the isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of Campylobacter spp. isolates. Erythromycin-resistant mutants were selected from erythromycin-susceptible clinical isolates, and the erythromycin resistance mechanisms were investigated phenotypically by determining the erythromycin MICs of isolates in the presence and absence of the resistance nodulation cell division (RND) type efflux pump inhibitor, phenylalanine-arginine β-naphthylamide dihydrochloride (PAβN), and genotypically by determining ribosomal and cmeABC alterations using PCR and DNA sequence analysis. Campylobacter spp., including 184 C. jejuni and 20 C. coli in a two-year period, were the most frequently isolated gastrointestinal bacterial pathogens in our region. However, in both C. jejuni and C. coli, resistance to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin were found to be high, erythromycin resistance was especially high (20%) in C. coli. With a ribosomal alteration, A2075G, which was found to be associated with high-level erythromycin resistance in clinical isolates, PAβN significantly reduced the erythromycin MICs in both clinical isolates and mutants. An important finding of this study, while considering cmeABC operon, is the explanation of why erythromycin resistance is more common among C. coli than C. jejuni, bearing in mind the specific deletions and alterations in the intergenic region of the operon in all erythromycin-resistant C. coli isolates. Ultimately, these findings revealed the significant role of RND-type efflux activity in increased erythromycin MICs of the isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyza Oncel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Hasdemir
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Aksu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Turkey
| | - Spyros Pournaras
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Attikon University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Maharati A, Moghbeli M. Long non-coding RNAs as the critical regulators of PI3K/AKT, TGF-β, and MAPK signaling pathways during breast tumor progression. J Transl Med 2023; 21:556. [PMID: 37596669 PMCID: PMC10439650 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) as one of the most common causes of human deaths among women, is always considered one of the global health challenges. Despite various advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, a significant percentage of BC patients have a poor prognosis due to the lack of therapeutic response. Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in BC progression can improve the therapeutic and diagnostic strategies in these patients. Cytokine and growth factor-dependent signaling pathways play a key role during BC progression. In addition to cytokines and growth factors, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have also important roles in regulation of such signaling pathways. Therefore, in the present review we discussed the role of lncRNAs in regulation of PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and TGF-β signaling pathways in breast tumor cells. It has been shown that lncRNAs mainly have an oncogenic role through the promotion of these signaling pathways in BC. This review can be an effective step in introducing the lncRNAs inhibition as a probable therapeutic strategy to reduce tumor growth by suppression of PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and TGF-β signaling pathways in BC patients. In addition, considering the oncogenic role and increased levels of lncRNAs expressions in majority of the breast tumors, lncRNAs can be also considered as the reliable diagnostic markers in BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria—A Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081079. [PMID: 36009947 PMCID: PMC9404765 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A global problem of multi-drug resistance (MDR) among bacteria is the cause of hundreds of thousands of deaths every year. In response to the significant increase of MDR bacteria, legislative measures have widely been taken to limit or eliminate the use of antibiotics, including in the form of feed additives for livestock, but also in metaphylaxis and its treatment, which was the subject of EU Regulation in 2019/6. Numerous studies have documented that bacteria use both phenotypis and gentic strategies enabling a natural defence against antibiotics and the induction of mechanisms in increasing resistance to the used antibacterial chemicals. The mechanisms presented in this review developed by the bacteria have a significant impact on reducing the ability to combat bacterial infections in humans and animals. Moreover, the high prevalence of multi-resistant strains in the environment and the ease of transmission of drug-resistance genes between the different bacterial species including commensal flora and pathogenic like foodborne pathogens (E. coli, Campylobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Listeria spp., Staphylococcus spp.) favor the rapid spread of multi-resistance among bacteria in humans and animals. Given the global threat posed by the widespread phenomenon of multi-drug resistance among bacteria which are dangerous for humans and animals, the subject of this study is the presentation of the mechanisms of resistance in most frequent bacteria called as “foodborne pathoges” isolated from human and animals. In order to present the significance of the global problem related to multi-drug resistance among selected pathogens, especially those danger to humans, the publication also presents statistical data on the percentage range of occurrence of drug resistance among selected bacteria in various regions of the world. In addition to the phenotypic characteristics of pathogen resistance, this review also presents detailed information on the detection of drug resistance genes for specific groups of antibiotics. It should be emphasized that the manuscript also presents the results of own research i.e., Campylobacter spp., E. coli or Enetrococcus spp. This subject and the presentation of data on the risks of drug resistance among bacteria will contribute to initiating research in implementing the prevention of drug resistance and the development of alternatives for antimicrobials methods of controlling bacteria.
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Ni K, Huang Z, Zhu Y, Xue D, Jin Q, Zhang C, Gu C. The lncRNA ADAMTS9-AS2 Regulates RPL22 to Modulate TNBC Progression via Controlling the TGF-β Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2021; 11:654472. [PMID: 34178640 PMCID: PMC8219971 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.654472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression, but further work is needed to fully understand the functional relevance of these non-coding RNAs in this cancer type. Herein, we explored the functional role of the lncRNA ADAMTS9-AS2 in TNBC. Methods Next-generation sequencing was conducted to compare the expression of different lncRNAs in TNBC tumor and paracancerous tissues, after which ADAMTS9-AS2differential expression in these tumor tissues was evaluated via qPCR. The functional role of this lncRNA was assessed by overexpressing it in vitro and in vivo. FISH and PCR were used to assess the localization of ADAMTS9-AS2within cells. Downstream targets of ADAMTS9-AS2 signaling were identified via RNA pulldown assays and transcriptomic sequencing. Results The expression ofADAMTS9-AS2 was decreased in TNBC tumor samples (P < 0.05), with such downregulation being correlated with TNM stage, age, and tumor size. Overexpressing ADAMTS9-AS2 promoted the apoptotic death and cell cycle arrest of tumor cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. From a mechanistic perspective, ADAMTS9-AS2 was found to control the expression of RPL22 and to thereby modulate TGF-β signaling to control TNBC progression. Conclusion ADAMTS9-AS2 controls the expression of RPL22 and thereby regulates TNBC malignancy via the TGF-β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhiqi Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong First people's hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yichun Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dandan Xue
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qin Jin
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Changjiang Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Macrolide Resistance Mechanisms of Campylobacter coli Isolated from Pigs and Chickens. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9051077. [PMID: 34067855 PMCID: PMC8156767 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified 1218 Campylobacter coli isolates from fecal and carcass samples of pigs (n = 643) and chickens (n = 575) between 2010 and 2018. About 99% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent. The isolates exhibited high resistance rates (>75%) to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline. Azithromycin and erythromycin resistance rates were the highest in isolates from pigs (39.7% and 39.2%, respectively) compared to those of chickens (15.8% and 16.3%, respectively). Additionally, a low-to-moderate proportion of the isolates were resistant to florfenicol, gentamicin, clindamycin, and telithromycin. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was found in 83.1% of the isolates, and profiles of MDR usually included ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline. We found point mutation (A2075G) in domain V of the 23S rRNA gene in the majority of erythromycin-resistant isolates. Multilocus sequence typing of 137 erythromycin-resistant C. coli isolates revealed 37 previously reported sequence types (STs) and 8 novel STs. M192I, A103VI, and G74A substitutions were frequently noted in the ribosomal proteins L4 or L22. Further, we identified a considerable proportion (>90%) of erythromycin-resistant isolates carrying virulence factor genes: flaA, cadF, ceuE, and VirB. The prudent use of antimicrobials and regular microbiological investigation in food animals will be vital in limiting the public health hazards of C. coli in Korea.
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Wallace MJ, Fishbein SRS, Dantas G. Antimicrobial resistance in enteric bacteria: current state and next-generation solutions. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1799654. [PMID: 32772817 PMCID: PMC7524338 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1799654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the largest threats to global health and imposes substantial burdens in terms of morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. The gut is a key conduit for the genesis and spread of antimicrobial resistance in enteric bacterial pathogens. Distinct bacterial species that cause enteric disease can exist as invasive enteropathogens that immediately evoke gastrointestinal distress, or pathobionts that can arise from established bacterial commensals to inflict dysbiosis and disease. Furthermore, various environmental reservoirs and stressors facilitate the evolution and transmission of resistance. In this review, we present a comprehensive discussion on circulating resistance profiles and gene mobilization strategies of the most problematic species of enteric bacterial pathogens. Importantly, we present emerging approaches toward surveillance of pathogens and their resistance elements as well as promising treatment strategies that can circumvent common resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Wallace
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA,The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - S. R. S. Fishbein
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA,The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - G. Dantas
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA,The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA,CONTACT G. Dantas Department of Pathology & Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Tang M, Zhou Q, Zhang X, Zhou S, Zhang J, Tang X, Lu J, Gao Y. Antibiotic Resistance Profiles and Molecular Mechanisms of Campylobacter From Chicken and Pig in China. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:592496. [PMID: 33193261 PMCID: PMC7652819 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to characterize the antibiotic resistance profiles of Campylobacter spp. derived from chicken and pig feces collected from farms in Jiangsu Province, China, and to analyze the relevant resistance mechanisms among antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter spp. isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility to nine antibiotic agents was tested with the microdilution method in 93 Campylobacter spp. (45 C. jejuni and 25 C. coli from chickens; 23 C. coli from pigs). High rates of resistance were observed to nalidixic acid (79.6%), erythromycin (75.3%), tetracycline (68.8%), azithromycin (66.7%), ciprofloxacin (64.5%), and gentamicin (35.5%), with a lower resistance rate to florfenicol (8.6%). The prevalence of the tested antibiotic resistance in C. coli was higher than in C. jejuni from chickens. The rate of antimicrobial resistance to ciprofloxacin in C. coli isolates from chickens was 100.0%, and the C. coli isolates from pigs were all resistant to erythromycin (100%). Most of C. jejuni (64.4%) and C. coli (64.5%) isolates displayed multi-drug resistance. All the Campylobacter spp. isolates resistant to fluoroquinolones had the C257T mutation in the gyrA gene. All 64 tetracycline-resistant Campylobacter spp. isolates were positive for the tetO gene. The tetA gene was also amplified in 6.5% of Campylobacter spp. isolates, whereas tetB was not detected among the isolates. The A2075G point mutation in the 23S rRNA gene occurred in 86.1% (62/72) of the macrolides-resistant Campylobacter spp. isolates, and the ermB gene was identified in 49 Campylobacter spp. isolates (30 C. jejuni and 19 C. coli). Amino acid insertions or mutations in the L4 and L22 ribosomal proteins were not linked to macrolide resistance. These results highlight the high prevalence of resistance to multiple antibiotics, particular macrolides, among Campylobacter spp. from chickens and pigs in Jiangsu Province, China, which is probably attributable to the overuse of antimicrobials in chicken and pig production. These findings recommend the more cautious use of critical antimicrobial agents in swine and poultry production. Stringent and continuous surveillance is required to reduce the drug-resistant campylobacteriosis in food animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Tang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection and Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection and Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection and Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection and Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection and Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiujun Tang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection and Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, China
| | - Junxian Lu
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection and Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yushi Gao
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection and Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, China
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Dahl LG, Joensen KG, Østerlund MT, Kiil K, Nielsen EM. Prediction of antimicrobial resistance in clinical Campylobacter jejuni isolates from whole-genome sequencing data. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 40:673-682. [PMID: 32974772 PMCID: PMC7979593 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-04043-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is recognised as the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in industrialised countries. Although the majority of Campylobacter infections are self-limiting, antimicrobial treatment is necessary in severe cases. Therefore, the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter is a growing public health challenge and surveillance of AMR is important for bacterial disease control. The aim of this study was to predict antimicrobial resistance in C. jejuni from whole-genome sequencing data. A total of 516 clinical C. jejuni isolates collected between 2014 and 2017 were subjected to WGS. Resistance phenotypes were determined by standard broth dilution, categorising isolates as either susceptible or resistant based on epidemiological cutoffs for six antimicrobials: ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, erythromycin, gentamicin, streptomycin, and tetracycline. Resistance genotypes were identified using an in-house database containing reference genes with known point mutations and the presence of resistance genes was determined using the ResFinder database and four bioinformatical methods (modified KMA, ABRicate, ARIBA, and ResFinder Batch Upload). We identified seven resistance genes including tet(O), tet(O/32/O), ant(6)-Ia, aph(2″)-If, blaOXA, aph(3')-III, and cat as well as mutations in three genes: gyrA, 23S rRNA, and rpsL. There was a high correlation between phenotypic resistance and the presence of known resistance genes and/or point mutations. A correlation above 98% was seen for all antimicrobials except streptomycin with a correlation of 92%. In conclusion, we found that WGS can predict antimicrobial resistance with a high degree of accuracy and have the potential to be a powerful tool for AMR surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Gade Dahl
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mark Thomas Østerlund
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Kiil
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Møller Nielsen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Rokney A, Valinsky L, Vranckx K, Feldman N, Agmon V, Moran-Gilad J, Weinberger M. WGS-Based Prediction and Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni Isolates From Israel. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:365. [PMID: 32903472 PMCID: PMC7438411 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid developments in the field of whole genome sequencing (WGS) make in silico antimicrobial resistance (AMR) a target within reach. Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of foodborne infections in Israel with increasing rates of resistance. We applied WGS analysis to study the prevalence and genetic basis of AMR in 263 C. jejuni human and veterinary representative isolates retrieved from a national collection during 2003–2012. We evaluated the prediction of phenotypic AMR from genomic data. Genomes were screened by the NCBI AMRFinderPlus and the BioNumerics tools for acquired AMR genes and point mutations. The results were compared to phenotypic resistance determined by broth microdilution. The most prevalent resistant determinants were the multi-drug efflux transporter gene cmeABC (100%), the tetracycline resistance tet(O) gene (82.1%), the quinolone resistance gyrA T861 point mutation (75.7%), and the aadE streptomycin resistance gene. A variety of 12 known β lactam resistance genes (blaOXA variants) were detected in 241 (92%) isolates, the most prevalent being blaOXA−193, blaOXA−461, and blaOXA−580 (56, 16, and 7%, respectively). Other aminoglycoside resistance genes and the macrolide resistance point mutation were rare (<1%). The overall correlation rate between WGS-based genotypic prediction and phenotypic resistance was 98.8%, sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values being 98.0, 99.3, 99.1, and 98.5%, respectively. wgMLST-based phylogeny indicated a high level of clonality and clustering among the studied isolates. Closely related isolates that were part of a genetic cluster (single linkage distance ≤ 15 alleles) based on wgMLST phylogeny mostly shared a homogenous AMR determinant profile. This was observed in 18 of 20 (90.0%) clusters within clonal complex-21, suggesting clonal expansion of resistant isolates. Strong association to lineage was noted for the aadE gene and the various blaOXA genes. High resistance rates to tetracycline and quinolones and a low resistance rate to macrolides were detected among the Israeli C. jejuni isolates. While a high genotypic-phenotypic correlation was found, some resistance phenotypes could not be predicted by the presence of AMR determinants, and particularly not the level of resistance. WGS-based prediction of antimicrobial resistance in C. jejuni requires further optimization in order to integrate this approach in the routine workflow of public health laboratories for foodborne surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Rokney
- Central Government Laboratories, Israel Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lea Valinsky
- Central Government Laboratories, Israel Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Noa Feldman
- Central Government Laboratories, Israel Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vered Agmon
- Central Government Laboratories, Israel Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jacob Moran-Gilad
- Department of Health Systems Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Miriam Weinberger
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Dias TS, Machado LS, Vignoli JA, Cunha NC, Nascimento ER, Pereira VLA, Aquino MHC. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of erythromycin resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli strains isolated from swine and broiler chickens. PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Campylobacter spp. is a bacterial agent that causes gastroenteritis in humans and may trigger Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) and is also considered one of the main foodborne diseases in developed countries. Poultry and pigs are considered reservoirs of these microorganisms, as well as raw or undercooked by-products are often incriminated as a source of human infection. Treatment in human cases is with macrolide, such erythromycin, that inhibits the protein synthesis of the microorganism. This study aimed to isolate Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli from intestinal content samples of broiler chickens (n=20) and swine (n=30) to characterize the erythromycin resistance profile of the strains and to detect molecular mechanisms involved in this resistance. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by agar dilution. The Mismatch Amplification Mutation Assay-Polymerase Chain Reaction (MAMA-PCR) was performed to detect mutations at positions 2074 and 2075 of 23S rRNA region, in addition to PCR test to detect the erm(B) gene. From the intestinal content of broiler chickens, 18 strains of C. jejuni and two strains of C. coli were isolated, whereas, from swine samples, no C. jejuni strain and 14 strains of C. coli were isolated. All C. coli strains were resistant, and three C. jejuni strains from broilers chickens were characterized with intermediate resistance to erythromycin. The MIC of the strains ranged from ≤0.5mg/μL to ≥128mg/μL. All resistant strains had the A2075G mutation, and one strain with intermediate resistance had the A2075G mutation. However, the A2074C mutation and the erm(B) gene were not detected. High resistance levels were detected in C. coli strains isolated from swine. The MAMA-PCR is a practical tool for detecting the erythromycin resistance in Campylobacter strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leandro S. Machado
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil
| | | | | | - Elmiro R. Nascimento
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil
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12
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Chukwu MO, Luther King Abia A, Ubomba-Jaswa E, Obi L, Dewar JB. Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Campylobacter Species Isolated from Paediatric Stool and Water Samples in the Northwest Province, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2205. [PMID: 31234440 PMCID: PMC6617328 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter could adversely affect treatment outcomes, especially in children. We investigated the antibiotic susceptibility profiles, virulence potentials and genetic relatedness of Campylobacter spp. from paediatric and water samples in the North West Province, South Africa. Overall, 237 human and 20 water isolates were identified using culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined using the disk diffusion method. Gradient strips were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of each antibiotic. Antibiotic resistance (gryA, tetO and 23S rRNA 2075G and 2074C) and virulence (cadF and ciaB) genes were also investigated using PCR. A phylogenetic tree to ascertain the clonality between water and clinical isolates was constructed using MEGA 7. Overall, 95% (water) and 64.7% (human) of the isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic tested. The highest resistance was against clarithromycin (95%) for water and ampicillin (60.7%) for human isolates. The 23S rRNA 2075G/2074C mutation was the most expressed resistance gene. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed eight intermixed clades within water and human Campylobacter isolates. This study suggests the possible circulation of potentially pathogenic antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter in the Northwest Province, South Africa with drinking water being a possible vector for disease transmission in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina O Chukwu
- Department of Life and Consumer science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Corner Christiaan De wet and Pioneer Avenue, 1724 Florida park Roodepoort, Gauteng 1709, South Africa.
| | - Akebe Luther King Abia
- Antimicrobial Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Eunice Ubomba-Jaswa
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, 37 Nind Street, Doornfontein, Gauteng 2094, South Africa.
- Water Research Commission, Lynnwood Bridge Office Park, Bloukrans Building, 4 Daventry Street, Lynnwood Manor, Pretoria 0081, South Africa.
| | - Lawrence Obi
- Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa,Pretoria, Gauteng, P.O Box 60, Medunsa 0204, South Africa.
| | - John Barr Dewar
- Department of Life and Consumer science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Corner Christiaan De wet and Pioneer Avenue, 1724 Florida park Roodepoort, Gauteng 1709, South Africa.
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Kayman T, Abay S, Aydin F, Şahin O. Antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter jejuni isolates recovered from humans with diarrhoea in Turkey. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:136-142. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Kayman
- 1University of Health Sciences, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Medical Microbiology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seçil Abay
- 2Department of Microbiology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fuat Aydin
- 2Department of Microbiology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Orhan Şahin
- 3Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, USA
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14
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Wei B, Kang M. Molecular Basis of Macrolide Resistance in Campylobacter Strains Isolated from Poultry in South Korea. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4526576. [PMID: 30069469 PMCID: PMC6057423 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4526576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying macrolide resistance in 38 strains of Campylobacter isolated from poultry. Twenty-seven strains were resistant to azithromycin and erythromycin, five showed intermediate azithromycin resistance and erythromycin susceptibility, and six showed azithromycin resistance and erythromycin susceptibility. Four Campylobacter jejuni and six Campylobacter coli strains had azithromycin MICs which were 8-16 and 2-8-fold greater than those of erythromycin, respectively. The A2075G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene was detected in 11 resistant strains with MICs ranging from 64 to ≥ 512 μg/mL. Mutations including V137A, V137S, and a six-amino acid insertion (114-VAKKAP-115) in ribosomal protein L22 were detected in the C. jejuni strains. Erythromycin ribosome methylase B-erm(B) was not detected in any strain. All strains except three showed increased susceptibility to erythromycin with twofold to 256-fold MIC change in the presence of phenylalanine arginine ß-naphthylamide (PAßN); the effects of PAßN on azithromycin MICs were limited in comparison to those on erythromycin MICs, and 13 strains showed no azithromycin MIC change in the presence of PAßN. Differences between azithromycin and erythromycin resistance and macrolide resistance phenotypes and genotypes were observed even in highly resistant strains. Further studies are required to better understand macrolide resistance in Campylobacter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Wei
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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15
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Antibiotic resistance trends and mechanisms in the foodborne pathogen,Campylobacter. Anim Health Res Rev 2017; 18:87-98. [DOI: 10.1017/s1466252317000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCampylobacteris a major foodborne pathogen and is commonly present in food producing animals. This pathogenic organism is highly adaptable and has become increasingly resistant to various antibiotics. Recently, both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization have designated antibiotic-resistantCampylobacteras a serious threat to public health. For the past decade, multiple mechanisms conferring resistance to clinically important antibiotics have been described inCampylobacter, and new resistance mechanisms constantly emerge in the pathogen. Some of the recent examples include theerm(B)gene conferring macrolide resistance, thecfr(C)genes mediating resistance to florfenicol and other antimicrobials, and a functionally enhanced variant of the multidrug resistance efflux pump, CmeABC. The continued emergence of new resistance mechanisms illustrates the extraordinary adaptability ofCampylobacterto antibiotic selection pressure and demonstrate the need for innovative strategies to control antibiotic-resistantCampylobacter. In this review, we will briefly summarize the trends of antibiotic resistance inCampylobacterand discuss the mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics used for animal production and important for clinical therapy in humans. A special emphasis will be given to the newly discovered antibiotic resistance.
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Abstract
Infectious diarrhea is one of the most common diseases. This article summarizes the current state of the diagnostics and treatment and includes the most important pathogens, i.e. Norovirus, Rotavirus, Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella and pathogenic Escherichia coli. Infections caused by toxin-producing strains of Clostridium difficile are described in more detail due to the increasing importance. Symptomatic therapy is still the most important component of treatment. Empirical antibiotic therapy is reserved for severely ill patients with a high stool frequency, fever, bloody diarrhea, underlying immune deficiency or significant comorbidities. Increasing bacterial resistance (in particular against fluoroquinolones) has to be considered. Motility inhibitors are not recommended for infections due to Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, C. difficile infections (CDI) and severe enterocolitis caused by other pathogens. The macrocyclic antibiotic fidaxomicin can reduce the recurrence rate of CDI. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) currently provides a reserve treatment option for multiple recurrences of CDI and is subject to the Medicines Act (Arzneimittelgesetz, AMG) in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lübbert
- Fachbereich Infektions- und Tropenmedizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für Gastroenterologie und Rheumatologie, Department für Innere Medizin, Neurologie und Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Infektionsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | - R Mutters
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland
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Narvaez-Bravo C, Taboada EN, Mutschall SK, Aslam M. Epidemiology of antimicrobial resistant Campylobacter spp. isolated from retail meats in Canada. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 253:43-47. [PMID: 28477522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter is an important zoonotic pathogen found in livestock and can cause illness in humans following consumption of raw and undercooked meat products. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in retail meat (poultry, turkey, pork and beef) purchased in Alberta, Canada and to assess antimicrobial resistance and genetic relatedness of recovered Campylobacter strains with previously isolated strains from clinical and environmental sources. A Comparative Genomic Fingerprinting (CGF) method was used for assessing genetic relatedness of isolates. A total of 606 samples comprising 204, 110, 145 and 147 samples of retail chicken, turkey, ground beef and pork, respectively, were obtained. Campylobacter was isolated from 23.5% (48/204) of chicken samples and 14.2% (8/110) of turkey samples. Pork and beef samples were negative for Campylobacter. Campylobacter jejuni was the most common (94.6%) spp. found followed by C. coli (5.4%). Resistance to tetracycline was found in 48.1% of isolates, followed by resistance to ciprofloxacin (5.5%), nalidixic acid (5.5%), azithromycin (1.78%), and erythromycin (1.78%). All isolates were susceptible to clindamycin, florfenicol, gentamicin and telithromycin. Tetracycline resistance was attributable to the presence of the tetO gene. CGF analysis showed that Campylobacter isolated from poultry meat in this study were genetically related to clinical isolates recovered from human infections and to those isolated from animals and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mueen Aslam
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada.
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18
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LIM SK, MOON DC, CHAE MH, KIM HJ, NAM HM, KIM SR, JANG GC, LEE K, JUNG SC, LEE HS. Macrolide resistance mechanisms and virulence factors in erythromycin-resistant Campylobacter species isolated from chicken and swine feces and carcasses. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 78:1791-1795. [PMID: 27593510 PMCID: PMC5240756 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to antimicrobials was measured in 73 isolates of Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) and 121 isolates of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) from chicken and swine feces and carcasses in Korea. Both bacterial species showed the highest resistance to (fluoro) quinolones (ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid) out of the nine antimicrobials tested. Erythromycin resistance was much higher in C. coli (19.0%, 23/121) than in C. jejuni (6.8%, 5/73). The mutation in the 23S rRNA gene was primarily responsible for macrolide resistance in Campylobacter isolates. Several amino acid substitutions in the L4 and L22 ribosomal proteins may play a role in the mechanism of resistance, but the role requires further evaluation. A total of eight virulence genes were detected in 28 erythromycin-resistant Campylobacter isolates. All C. jejuni isolates carried more than four such genes, while C. coli isolates carried fewer than three such genes. The high rate of resistance highlights the need to employ more prudent use of critically important antimicrobials, such as fluoroquinolones and macrolides, in swine and poultry production, and to more carefully monitor antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter isolates in food animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Kyung LIM
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro,
Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Chan MOON
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro,
Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hwa CHAE
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro,
Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Ji KIM
- Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Mi NAM
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro,
Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Ran KIM
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro,
Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Gum-Chan JANG
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro,
Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Kichan LEE
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro,
Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Chan JUNG
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro,
Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Soo LEE
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro,
Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
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Li B, Ma L, Li Y, Jia H, Wei J, Shao D, Liu K, Shi Y, Qiu Y, Ma Z. Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter Species Isolated from Broilers in Live Bird Markets in Shanghai, China. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2016; 14:96-102. [PMID: 27854542 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2016.2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. isolates from broilers in live bird markets (LBMs). A total of 209 Campylobacter spp. isolates (84 Campylobacter jejuni; 125 Campylobacter coli) were recovered from 364 broiler cecum samples collected from five LBMs in Shanghai, China. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of 13 antimicrobials were determined using agar dilution method. More than 96% of the Campylobacter spp. isolates were resistant to quinolones and tetracyclines. A high prevalence of macrolide resistance (erythromycin, 84.0%; azithromycin, 80.8%) was observed in C. coli, but not in C. jejuni (erythromycin, 6.0%; azithromycin, 2.4%). C. coli also showed significantly higher resistance than C. jejuni to clindamycin, gentamicin, and kanamycin. In contrast, C. coli isolates had lower resistance to florfenicol than the C. jejuni isolates. The majority of the C. jejuni (88.1%) and C. coli (97.6%) isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) to three or more classes of antimicrobials. All of the 208 ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter spp. isolates were positive for the C257T mutation of the gyrA gene. In addition, the tet(O) gene was identified in all of the 202 doxycycline-resistant Campylobacter spp. isolates. Furthermore, 75.7% and 20.4% of the 103 azithromycin-resistant Campylobacter spp. isolates were positive for the A2075G mutation of the 23S rRNA gene and the presence of the erm(B) gene, respectively. Moreover, the cat gene was found in 14.3% (8/56) and 76.8% (73/95) of the chloramphenicol-resistant C. jejuni and C. coli isolates, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Campylobacter spp. isolates originating from LBMs. The high prevalence of MDR Campylobacter spp. isolates in LBMs highlights the need to implement efficient intervention measures to control not only Campylobacter contamination in LBMs but also dissemination of antimicrobial resistance among Campylobacter spp. in poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Li
- 1 Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Licai Ma
- 2 East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Li
- 1 Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Jia
- 1 Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianchao Wei
- 1 Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghua Shao
- 1 Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Liu
- 1 Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- 1 Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafeng Qiu
- 1 Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- 1 Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
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Culebro A, Revez J, Pascoe B, Friedmann Y, Hitchings MD, Stupak J, Sheppard SK, Li J, Rossi M. Large Sequence Diversity within the Biosynthesis Locus and Common Biochemical Features of Campylobacter coli Lipooligosaccharides. J Bacteriol 2016; 198:2829-40. [PMID: 27481928 PMCID: PMC5038013 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00347-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Despite the importance of lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) in the pathogenicity of campylobacteriosis, little is known about the genetic and phenotypic diversity of LOS in Campylobacter coli In this study, we investigated the distribution of LOS locus classes among a large collection of unrelated C. coli isolates sampled from several different host species. Furthermore, we paired C. coli genomic information and LOS chemical composition for the first time to investigate possible associations between LOS locus class sequence diversity and biochemical heterogeneity. After identifying three new LOS locus classes, only 85% of the 144 isolates tested were assigned to a class, suggesting higher genetic diversity than previously thought. This genetic diversity is at the basis of a completely unexplored LOS structural heterogeneity. Mass spectrometry analysis of the LOSs of nine isolates, representing four different LOS classes, identified two features distinguishing C. coli LOS from that of Campylobacter jejuni 2-Amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose (GlcN)-GlcN disaccharides were present in the lipid A backbone, in contrast to the β-1'-6-linked 3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-d-glucopyranose (GlcN3N)-GlcN backbone observed in C. jejuni Moreover, despite the fact that many of the genes putatively involved in 3-acylamino-3,6-dideoxy-d-glucose (Quip3NAcyl) were apparently absent from the genomes of various isolates, this rare sugar was found in the outer core of all C. coli isolates. Therefore, regardless of the high genetic diversity of the LOS biosynthesis locus in C. coli, we identified species-specific phenotypic features of C. coli LOS that might explain differences between C. jejuni and C. coli in terms of population dynamics and host adaptation. IMPORTANCE Despite the importance of C. coli to human health and its controversial role as a causative agent of Guillain-Barré syndrome, little is known about the genetic and phenotypic diversity of C. coli LOSs. Therefore, we paired C. coli genomic information and LOS chemical composition for the first time to address this paucity of information. We identified two species-specific phenotypic features of C. coli LOS, which might contribute to elucidating the reasons behind the differences between C. jejuni and C. coli in terms of population dynamics and host adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Culebro
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joana Revez
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ben Pascoe
- College of Medicine, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Yasmin Friedmann
- College of Medicine, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew D Hitchings
- College of Medicine, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Jacek Stupak
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samuel K Sheppard
- College of Medicine, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Jianjun Li
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mirko Rossi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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21
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Alakomi HL, Höhl A, Horvatek Tomic D, Thomas M, Bruggeman G, Tassis P, Prukner-Radovcic E, Tzika E, Axelsson L, Kneifel W, Saarela M. Antimicrobial resistance and residues in the EU: current situation and possible countermeasures, emphasis on Campylobacterand Salmonella. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2014.0576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H.-L. Alakomi
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Finland
| | - A. Höhl
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - D. Horvatek Tomic
- Department of Poultry Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M. Thomas
- Fera Science Ltd., Sand Hutton, YO41 1LZ York, United Kingdom
| | - G. Bruggeman
- Nutrition Sciences N.V., Booiebos 5, 9031 Drongen, Belgium
| | - P. Tassis
- Farm Animals Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Voutyra 11, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - E. Prukner-Radovcic
- Department of Poultry Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - E. Tzika
- Farm Animals Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Voutyra 11, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - W. Kneifel
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - M. Saarela
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Finland
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Zhang A, Song L, Liang H, Gu Y, Zhang C, Liu X, Zhang J, Zhang M. Molecular subtyping and erythromycin resistance of Campylobacter in China. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:287-93. [PMID: 26999516 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the erythromycin resistance patterns and mechanism for Campylobacter isolates in China. METHODS AND RESULTS The minimum inhibitory concentrations of erythromycin on 858 Chinese Campylobacter isolates were analysed. PCR and DNA sequencing were used to identify mutations in the 23S rRNA and the presence of the ermB gene in the 158 erythromycin resistance isolates (18·4%). About 83% (131/158) had A2075G mutation in their 23S rRNA; no A2074C/G mutants were found. The ermB gene was identified in 30 Campylobacter coli isolates (19%). Four types of multidrug-resistant gene islands (MDRGIs) were found. Fifty-three types were identified by multilocus sequence typing among the resistant isolates. All isolates of STs 6322 and 1145 had the ermB gene. CONCLUSIONS The erythromycin resistance rate of Camp. coli (58·56%) was much higher than Campylobacter jejuni (0·67%). The insertion sites between cadF and CCO1582 and between nfsB and cinA on the chromosome might be hot spots for MDRGI transformation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Point mutation in domain V of the 23S rRNA and the ermB gene accounted for 100% of the erythromycin resistance of Campylobacter in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - L Song
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - H Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Y Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - C Zhang
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - X Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - J Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - M Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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23
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Abstract
Diarrhoea is one of the most commonly occurring diseases. This article presents a review of the current state of the treatment of acute infectious diarrhoea, as well as of the most important pathogens. The general principles of the therapy of diarrhoea are exemplified, followed by a description of the targeted antimicrobial therapy of the most important bacterial gastrointestinal infections, including salmonellosis, shigellosis and Campylobacter infections, as well as infections with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains, yersiniosis and cholera. Diarrhoea caused by toxigenic Clostridium difficile strains has increased in incidence and in severity. These infections will therefore be described in detail, including important new aspects of treatment. Symptomatic therapy is still the most important component of the treatment of infectious diarrhoea. However, empirical antibiotic therapy should be considered for severely ill patients with a high frequency of stools, fever, bloody diarrhoea, underlying immune deficiency, advanced age or significant comorbidities. Increasing resistance, in particular against fluoroquinolones, must be taken into consideration. Therapy with motility inhibitors is not recommended for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections, Clostridium difficile infections (CDI), and severe colitis. The macrocyclic antibiotic fidaxomicin can reduce the rate of recurrent disease in CDI. Furthermore, evidence for the benefits of faecal microbiota transplantation as a treatment option for multiple recurrences of CDI is increasing. In conclusion, the treatment of acute diarrhoea is still primarily supportive. General empirical antibiotic therapy for acute diarrhoea is not evidence-based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Lübbert
- a Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Rheumatology , Leipzig University Hospital , Leipzig , Germany
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Zhou J, Zhang M, Yang W, Fang Y, Wang G, Hou F. A seventeen-year observation of the antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical Campylobacter jejuni and the molecular mechanisms of erythromycin-resistant isolates in Beijing, China. Int J Infect Dis 2015; 42:28-33. [PMID: 26594011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the dynamic development of the antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from human diarrhea in Beijing, China, between 1994 and 2010, and to further analyze the molecular mechanisms of erythromycin-resistant strains. METHODS Susceptibility tests were performed on 203 non-duplicate clinical C. jejuni strains against eight common antibiotics using the standard agar dilution method. The molecular determinants were further studied in the erythromycin (ERY) non-susceptible strains. The analysis focused on the 23S rRNA gene, the rplD and rplV ribosomal genes, the ermB gene, and the regulatory region of the CmeABC efflux pump. RESULTS The rates of resistance of C. jejuni to ciprofloxacin (CIP), nalidixic acid (NAL), doxycycline (DOX), tetracycline (TET), florfenicol (FFC), and chloramphenicol (CHL) increased significantly over the period studied (all p<0.05). Similarly, the proportions of resistant patterns (CIP-NAL-DOX-TET, CIP-NAL-DOX-TET-FFC, and CIP-NAL-DOX-TET-CHL) increased remarkably. In this study, 4.4% (9/203) of C. jejuni strains were ERY non-susceptible. The A2075G mutation in the 23S rRNA was found in all of the resistant strains except cj8091, which harbored the ermB gene. Interestingly, the ermB gene was also detected in intermediately resistant isolates, and the earliest ermB-positive strain cj94473 was derived in 1994. Moreover, none of the ribosomal rplD or rplV genes harbored mutations that have been described to confer resistance to macrolides. Different mutations affecting the regulatory region of the CmeABC efflux pump were also found. CONCLUSIONS This is the first comprehensive study on the recent trend in antimicrobial resistance and the molecular mechanisms of macrolide resistance in clinical C. jejuni strains isolated in China. More stringent monitoring and regulation of human and animal antimicrobial use are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases and the Center for Liver Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Maojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanna Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and the Center for Liver Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yuqing Fang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and the Center for Liver Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Guiqiang Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and the Center for Liver Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Fengqin Hou
- Department of Infectious Diseases and the Center for Liver Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
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Kasai A, Ogihara S, Yamada K, Tanimichi Y, Nishiyama H, Saito R. Prevalence and molecular analysis of macrolide-resistant Moraxella catarrhalis clinical isolates in Japan, following emergence of the highly macrolide-resistant strain NSH1 in 2011. J Med Microbiol 2015; 64:708-713. [PMID: 25934551 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Moraxella catarrhalis is known to be susceptible to macrolides, highly macrolide-resistant M. catarrhalis isolates have recently been reported in Japan and China. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of macrolide-resistant M. catarrhalis isolates in Tokyo and Chiba, Japan, and studied the mechanisms underlying their resistance. Specifically, we determined the susceptibility of 593 clinical isolates (collected between December 2011 and May 2014) to erythromycin, using the disk diffusion method. For isolates with erythromycin resistance, we identified the MICs of seven antimicrobial agents, including macrolides, and used PFGE to analyse the clonal spread. We also performed sequencing analysis to investigate macrolide-resistance targets. Thirteen isolates (2.2 %) were found to be resistant to erythromycin, showing a high MIC90 to erythromycin, clarithromycin, clindamycin and azithromycin. However, those isolates, in addition to 156 randomly selected erythromycin-susceptible strains, were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefixime and levofloxacin. The 13 highly macrolide-resistant isolates were classified into 10 clades and harboured three or four A2058T-mutated 23S rRNA alleles. Three highly macrolide-resistant isolates also exhibited mutations in ribosomal proteins L4 (V27A and R161C) and L22 (K68T). To the best of our knowledge, we have demonstrated for the first time that, whilst the prevalence of macrolide-resistant M. catarrhalis isolates is low in clinical settings in Japan, genetically diverse isolates with high-level macrolide resistance due to the acquisition of an A2058T mutation in the 23S rRNA have already spread. Our study therefore lays the basis for epidemiological studies of macrolide-resistant M. catarrhalis clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Kasai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Ogihara
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kimitsu Central Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kageto Yamada
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Medical Corporation Toshima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumiko Tanimichi
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Nihon University Itabashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ryoichi Saito
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea is one of the most commonly occurring diseases. AIM This article gives a review of the current state of the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea (part 1) and chronic infectious diarrhea (part 2) as well as of the most important pathogens. MATERIAL AND METHODS Following a presentation of the general principles of the therapy of diarrhea, the targeted antimicrobial therapy of the most important bacterial gastrointestinal infections is described. This includes salmonellosis, shigellosis and Campylobacter infections, infections with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains, yersiniosis and cholera. Due to the increasing incidence and changes in the severity of the disease and important new aspects in the treatment of diarrhea caused by toxigenic Clostridium difficile strains, these disease entities will be described in detail. RESULTS Symptomatic therapy is still the most important aspect of the treatment of infectious diarrhea. For severely ill patients with a high frequency of stools (> 8/day), immunodeficiency, advanced age or significant comorbidities, empirical antibiotic therapy should be considered. Increasing resistance, in particular against fluoroquinolones must also be taken into consideration. Due to the risk of excessive pathogen proliferation and concomitant intestinal toxin production with protracted or multiple complications during the disease, therapy with motility inhibitors is not recommended. With respect to the treatment of Clostridium difficile infections a promising novel aspect arose in 2012. The macrocyclic antibiotic fidaxomycin can reduce the rate of recurrent disease with the same effectiveness as vancomycin. Furthermore, evidence for the benefits of allogenic stool transplantation is increasing. CONCLUSION The treatment of acute diarrhea is still primarily supportive. The benefits of general empirical antibiotic therapy for acute diarrhea are not evidence-based.
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27
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Rożynek E, Maćkiw E, Kamińska W, Tomczuk K, Antos-Bielska M, Dzierżanowska-Fangrat K, Korsak D. Emergence of Macrolide-Resistant Campylobacter Strains in Chicken Meat in Poland and the Resistance Mechanisms Involved. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2013; 10:655-60. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2012.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Rożynek
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Food and Food Supplements, National Food and Nutrition Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Maćkiw
- Department of Food and Food Supplements, National Food and Nutrition Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wanda Kamińska
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Tomczuk
- Department of Food and Food Supplements, National Food and Nutrition Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Dorota Korsak
- Department of Food and Food Supplements, National Food and Nutrition Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Applied Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Warsaw, Poland
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28
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Yang M, Sun H, Wang H, Zhang S, Yu X, Zhang L. Down-regulation of ribosomal protein L22 in non-small cell lung cancer. Med Oncol 2013; 30:646. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0646-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Chopra S, Ramkissoon K, Anderson DC. A systematic quantitative proteomic examination of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. J Proteomics 2013; 84:17-39. [PMID: 23542354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains have been examined at the DNA sequence level, but seldom using large-scale quantitative proteomics. We have compared the proteome of the multidrug resistant strain BAA-1605, with the proteome of the drug-sensitive strain ATCC 17978, using iTRAQ labeling and online 2D LC/MS/MS for peptide/protein identification. Of 1484 proteins present in at least 2 of 4 independent experiments, 114 are 2-fold to 66-fold more abundant in BAA-1605, and 99 are 2-fold to 50-fold less abundant. Proteins with 2-fold or greater abundance in the multidrug resistant strain include drug-, antibiotic-, and heavy metal-resistance proteins, stress-related proteins, porins, membrane transporters, proteins important for acquisition of foreign DNA, biofilm-related proteins, cell-wall and exopolysaccharide-related proteins, lipoproteins, metabolic proteins, and many with no annotated function. The porin CarO, inactivated in carbapenem-resistant strains, is 2.3-fold more abundant in BAA-1605. Likewise, the porin OmpW, less abundant in carbapenem- and colistin-resistant A. baumannii strains, is 3-fold more abundant in BAA-1605. Nine proteins, all present in the drug-sensitive strain but from 2.2-fold to 16-fold more abundant in the MDR strain, can potentially account for the observed resistance of BAA-1605 to 18 antibiotics. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of the pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii are a significant cause of hospital-acquired infections, are associated with increased mortality and length of stay, and may be a major factor underlying the spread of this pathogen, which is difficult to eradicate from clinical settings. To obtain a better understanding of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in MDR A. baumannii, we report the first large scale 2D LC/MS/MS-based quantitative proteomics comparison of a drug-sensitive strain and an MDR strain of this pathogen. Ca. 20% of the expressed proteome changes 2-fold or more between the compared strains, including 42 proteins with literature or informatics annotations related to resistance mechanisms, modification of xenobiotics, or drug transport. Other categories of proteins differing 2-fold or more between strains include stress-response related proteins, porins, OMPs, transporters and secretion-related proteins, cell wall- and expolysaccharide-related proteins, lipoproteins, and DNA- and plasmid-related proteins. While the compared strains also differ in other aspects than multi-drug resistance, the observed differences, combined with protein functional annotation, suggest that complex protein expression changes may accompany the MDR phenotype. Expression changes of nine proteins in the MDR strain can potentially account for the observed resistance to 18 antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidharth Chopra
- Center for Infectious Disease and Biodefense Research, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood, Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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30
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Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of food-borne gastroenteritis worldwide. While mortality is low, morbidity imparted by post-infectious sequelae such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, Reiter syndrome/reactive arthritis and irritable bowel syndrome is significant. In addition, the economic cost is high due to lost productivity. Food animals, particularly poultry, are the main reservoirs of C. jejuni. The over-use of antibiotics in the human population and in animal husbandry has led to an increase in antibiotic-resistant infections, particularly with fluoroquinolones. This is problematic because C. jejuni gastroenteritis is clinically indistinguishable from that caused by other bacterial pathogens, and such illnesses are usually treated empirically with fluoroquinolones. Since C. jejuni is naturally transformable, acquisition of additional genes imparting antibiotic resistance is likely. Therefore, an understanding of the antibiotic resistance mechanisms in C. jejuni is needed to provide proper therapy both to the veterinary and human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Iovine
- University of Florida and the Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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31
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Mutational and transcriptomic changes involved in the development of macrolide resistance in Campylobacter jejuni. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 57:1369-78. [PMID: 23274667 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01927-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrolide antibiotics are important for clinical treatment of infections caused by Campylobacter jejuni. Development of resistance to this class of antibiotics in Campylobacter is a complex process, and the dynamic molecular changes involved in this process remain poorly defined. Multiple lineages of macrolide-resistant mutants were selected by stepwise exposure of C. jejuni to escalating doses of erythromycin or tylosin. Mutations in target genes were determined by DNA sequencing, and the dynamic changes in the expression of antibiotic efflux transporters and the transcriptome of C. jejuni were examined by real-time reverse transcription-PCR, immunoblotting, and DNA microarray analysis. Multiple types of mutations in ribosomal proteins L4 and L22 occurred early during stepwise selection. On the contrary, the mutations in the 23S rRNA gene, mediating high resistance to macrolides, were observed only in the late-stage mutants. Upregulation of antibiotic efflux genes was observed in the intermediately resistant mutants, and the magnitude of upregulation declined with the occurrence of mutations in the 23S rRNA gene. DNA microarray analysis revealed the differential expression of 265 genes, most of which occurred in the intermediate mutant, including the upregulation of genes encoding ribosomal proteins and the downregulation of genes involved in energy metabolism and motility. These results indicate (i) that mutations in L4 and L22 along with temporal overexpression of antibiotic efflux genes precede and may facilitate the development of high-level macrolide resistance and (ii) that the development of macrolide resistance affects the pathways important for physiology and metabolism in C. jejuni, providing an explanation for the reduced fitness of macrolide-resistant Campylobacter.
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