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Mishal BH, Das S, Mahajan VN, Dharne MS, Joshi RS, Giri AP. An Adsorption Based Downstream Processing Approach for Penicillin V from a Penicillium chrysogenum BIONCL I22 Culture Filtrate. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25859-25869. [PMID: 38911711 PMCID: PMC11191097 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Penicillin V (phenoxy methyl penicillin) is highly sought after among natural penicillins because of its exceptional acid stability and effectiveness against common skin and respiratory infections. Given its wide-ranging therapeutic uses, there is a need to establish a greener method for its maximum recovery to reduce the carbon footprint. Here, we have identified and validated optimized operational conditions for resin-based penicillin V recovery. It was observed that Amberlite XAD4 had the highest penicillin V hydrophobic adsorption capacity among the other screened resins. Kinetic and isothermal studies using linear and nonlinear regression analysis showed that the adsorption process well fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetics (R 2 = 0.9816) and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model (R 2 = 0.9871). Adsorption equilibrium was attained within 4 h, while maximum adsorption was observed at 3 mg/mL penicillin V concentration. Furthermore, the optimized extraction protocol was compared with the conventional butyl acetate-based downstream processing. Under optimum conditions resin-based penicillin V recovery was 2-fold higher as compared to the solvent extraction method and the resin could be reused for over six cycles without compromising the yield. These findings signify substantial progress toward the development of an environmentally sustainable approach for penicillin V recovery and a potentially viable method for extractive fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bela H. Mishal
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sancharini Das
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Vaishnavi N. Mahajan
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Mahesh S. Dharne
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rakesh S. Joshi
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashok P. Giri
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Nonarath HJT, Jackson MA, Penoske RM, Zahrt TC, Price NPJ, Link BA. The tunicamycin derivative TunR2 exhibits potent antibiotic properties with low toxicity in an in vivo Mycobacterium marinum-zebrafish TB infection model. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2024; 77:245-256. [PMID: 38238588 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-023-00694-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Tunicamycins (TUN) are well-defined, Streptomyces-derived natural products that inhibit protein N-glycosylation in eukaryotes, and by a conserved mechanism also block bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. TUN inhibits the polyprenylphosphate-N-acetyl-hexosamine-1-phospho-transferases (PNPT), an essential family of enzymes found in both bacteria and eukaryotes. We have previously published the development of chemically modified TUN, called TunR1 and TunR2, that have considerably reduced activity on eukaryotes but that retain the potent antibacterial properties. A mechanism for this reduced toxicity has also been reported. TunR1 and TunR2 have been tested against mammalian cell lines in culture and against live insect cells but, until now, no in vivo evaluation has been undertaken for vertebrates. In the current work, TUN, TunR1, and TunR2 are investigated for their relative toxicity and antimycobacterial activity in zebrafish using a well-established Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum) infection system, a model for studying human Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. We also report the relative ability to activate the unfolded protein response (UPR), the known mechanism for the eukaryotic toxicity observed with TUN treatment. Importantly, TunR1 and TunR2 retained their antimicrobial properties, as evidenced by a reduction in M. marinum bacterial burden, compared to DMSO-treated zebrafish. In summary, findings from this study highlight the characteristics of recently developed TUN derivatives, mainly TunR2, and its potential for use as a novel anti-bacterial agent for veterinary and potential medical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J T Nonarath
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael A Jackson
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Renewable Products Technology Research, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL, 61604, USA
| | - Renee M Penoske
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Thomas C Zahrt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Neil P J Price
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Renewable Products Technology Research, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL, 61604, USA.
| | - Brian A Link
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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Toh SI, Elaine Keisha J, Wang YL, Pan YC, Jhu YH, Hsiao PY, Liao WT, Chen PY, Ko TM, Chang CY. Discovery and characterization of genes conferring natural resistance to the antituberculosis antibiotic capreomycin. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1282. [PMID: 38114770 PMCID: PMC10730852 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05681-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Metagenomic-based studies have predicted an extraordinary number of potential antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs). These ARGs are hidden in various environmental bacteria and may become a latent crisis for antibiotic therapy via horizontal gene transfer. In this study, we focus on a resistance gene cph, which encodes a phosphotransferase (Cph) that confers resistance to the antituberculosis drug capreomycin (CMN). Sequence Similarity Network (SSN) analysis classified 353 Cph homologues into five major clusters, where the proteins in cluster I were found in a broad range of actinobacteria. We examine the function and antibiotics targeted by three putative resistance proteins in cluster I via biochemical and protein structural analysis. Our findings reveal that these three proteins in cluster I confer resistance to CMN, highlighting an important aspect of CMN resistance within this gene family. This study contributes towards understanding the sequence-structure-function relationships of the phosphorylation resistance genes that confer resistance to CMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ing Toh
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Johan Elaine Keisha
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yung-Lin Wang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Chi Pan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Heng Jhu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Yun Hsiao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Ting Liao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Yuan Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tai-Ming Ko
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin-Yuan Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC.
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environment Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Hsinchu, 80708, Taiwan, ROC.
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Soares GG, Campanini EB, Ferreira RL, Damas MSF, Rodrigues SH, Campos LC, Galvão JD, Fuentes ASDC, Freire CCDM, Malavazi I, Pitondo-Silva A, da Cunha AF, Pranchevicius MCDS. Brevundimonas brasiliensis sp. nov.: a New Multidrug-Resistant Species Isolated from a Patient in Brazil. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0441522. [PMID: 37067439 PMCID: PMC10269605 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04415-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
To increase knowledge on Brevundimonas pathogens, we conducted in-depth genomic and phenotypic characterization of a Brevundimonas strain isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient admitted in a neonatal intensive care unit. The strain was identified as a member of the genus Brevundimonas based on Vitek 2 system results and 16S rRNA gene sequencing and presented a multidrug resistance profile (MDR). Several molecular and biochemical tests were used to characterize and identify the species for in-depth results. The draft genome assembly of the isolate has a total length of 3,261,074 bp and a G+C of 66.86%, similar to other species of the genus. Multilocus sequence analysis, Type (Strain) Genome Server, digital DNA-DNA hybridization, and average nucleotide identity confirmed that the Brevundimonas sp. studied represents a distinct species, for which we propose the name Brevundimonas brasiliensis sp. nov. In silico analysis detected antimicrobial resistance genes (AMRGs) mediating resistance to β-lactams (penP, blaTEM-16, and blaBKC-1) and aminoglycosides [strA, strB, aac(6')-Ib, and aac(6')-Il]. We also found AMRGs encoding the AcrAB efflux pump that confers resistance to a broad spectrum of antibiotics. Colistin and quinolone resistance can be attributed to mutation in qseC and/or phoP and GyrA/GyrB, respectively. The Brevundimonas brasiliensis sp. nov. genome contained copies of type IV secretion system (T4SS)-type integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs); integrative mobilizable elements (IME); and Tn3-type and IS3, IS6, IS5, and IS1380 families, suggesting an important role in the development and dissemination of antibiotic resistance. The isolate presented a range of virulence-associated genes related to biofilm formation, adhesion, and invasion that can be relevant for its pathogenicity. Our findings provide a wealth of data to hinder the transmission of MDR Brevundimonas and highlight the need for monitoring and identifying new bacterial species in hospital environments. IMPORTANCE Brevundimonas species is considered an opportunistic human pathogen that can cause multiple types of invasive and severe infections in patients with underlying pathologies. Treatment of these pathogens has become a major challenge because many isolates are resistant to most antibiotics used in clinical practice. Furthermore, there are no consistent therapeutic results demonstrating the efficacy of antibacterial agents. Although considered a rare pathogen, recent studies have provided evidence of the emergence of Brevundimonas in clinical settings. Hence, we identified a novel pathogenic bacterium, Brevundimonas brasiliensis sp. nov., that presented a multidrug resistance (MDR) profile and carried diverse genes related to drug resistance, virulence, and mobile genetic elements. Such data can serve as a baseline for understanding the genomic diversity, adaptation, evolution, and pathogenicity of MDR Brevundimonas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Guerrera Soares
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emeline Boni Campanini
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roumayne Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Saulo Henrique Rodrigues
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Caio César de Melo Freire
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iran Malavazi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Pitondo-Silva
- Programas de Pós-graduação em Odontologia e Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria-Cristina da Silva Pranchevicius
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Biodiversidade Tropical - BIOTROP, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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A Comprehensive Overview of the Antibiotics Approved in the Last Two Decades: Retrospects and Prospects. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041762. [PMID: 36838752 PMCID: PMC9962477 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the overuse of antibiotics, bacterial resistance has markedly increased to become a global problem and a major threat to human health. Fortunately, in recent years, various new antibiotics have been developed through both improvements to traditional antibiotics and the discovery of antibiotics with novel mechanisms with the aim of addressing the decrease in the efficacy of traditional antibiotics. This manuscript reviews the antibiotics that have been approved for marketing in the last 20 years with an emphasis on the antibacterial properties, mechanisms, structure-activity relationships (SARs), and clinical safety of these antibiotics. Furthermore, the current deficiencies, opportunities for improvement, and prospects of antibiotics are thoroughly discussed to provide new insights for the design and development of safer and more potent antibiotics.
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Abstract
Class C β-lactamases or cephalosporinases can be classified into two functional groups (1, 1e) with considerable molecular variability (≤20% sequence identity). These enzymes are mostly encoded by chromosomal and inducible genes and are widespread among bacteria, including Proteobacteria in particular. Molecular identification is based principally on three catalytic motifs (64SXSK, 150YXN, 315KTG), but more than 70 conserved amino-acid residues (≥90%) have been identified, many close to these catalytic motifs. Nevertheless, the identification of a tiny, phylogenetically distant cluster (including enzymes from the genera Legionella, Bradyrhizobium, and Parachlamydia) has raised questions about the possible existence of a C2 subclass of β-lactamases, previously identified as serine hydrolases. In a context of the clinical emergence of extended-spectrum AmpC β-lactamases (ESACs), the genetic modifications observed in vivo and in vitro (point mutations, insertions, or deletions) during the evolution of these enzymes have mostly involved the Ω- and H-10/R2-loops, which vary considerably between genera, and, in some cases, the conserved triplet 150YXN. Furthermore, the conserved deletion of several amino-acid residues in opportunistic pathogenic species of Acinetobacter, such as A. baumannii, A. calcoaceticus, A. pittii and A. nosocomialis (deletion of residues 304-306), and in Hafnia alvei and H. paralvei (deletion of residues 289-290), provides support for the notion of natural ESACs. The emergence of higher levels of resistance to β-lactams, including carbapenems, and to inhibitors such as avibactam is a reality, as the enzymes responsible are subject to complex regulation encompassing several other genes (ampR, ampD, ampG, etc.). Combinations of resistance mechanisms may therefore be at work, including overproduction or change in permeability, with the loss of porins and/or activation of efflux systems.
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Shields RK, Iovleva A, Kline EG, Kawai A, McElheny CL, Doi Y. Clinical Evolution of AmpC-Mediated Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Cefiderocol Resistance in Enterobacter cloacae Complex Following Exposure to Cefepime. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 71:2713-2716. [PMID: 32236408 PMCID: PMC7744991 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We report 2 independent patients from whom carbapenem and ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex strains were identified. The ceftazidime-avibactam resistance was attributed to a 2-amino acid deletion in the R2 loop of AmpC β-lactamase, which concurrently caused resistance to cefepime and reduced susceptibility to cefiderocol, a novel siderophore cephalosporin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan K Shields
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Innovative Antimicrobial Therapy, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alina Iovleva
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ellen G Kline
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Akito Kawai
- Department of Microbiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Christi L McElheny
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yohei Doi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Innovative Antimicrobial Therapy, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Kawai A, McElheny CL, Iovleva A, Kline EG, Sluis-Cremer N, Shields RK, Doi Y. Structural Basis of Reduced Susceptibility to Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Cefiderocol in Enterobacter cloacae Due to AmpC R2 Loop Deletion. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:e00198-20. [PMID: 32284381 PMCID: PMC7318025 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00198-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceftazidime-avibactam and cefiderocol are two of the latest generation β-lactam agents that possess expanded activity against highly drug-resistant bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales Here, we show that structural changes in AmpC β-lactamases can confer reduced susceptibility to both agents. A multidrug-resistant Enterobacter cloacae clinical strain (Ent385) was found to be resistant to ceftazidime-avibactam and cefiderocol without prior exposure to either agent. The AmpC β-lactamase of Ent385 (AmpCEnt385) contained an alanine-proline deletion at positions 294 and 295 (A294_P295del) in the R2 loop. AmpCEnt385 conferred reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam and cefiderocol when cloned into Escherichia coli TOP10. Purified AmpCEnt385 showed increased hydrolysis of ceftazidime and cefiderocol compared to AmpCEnt385Rev, in which the deletion was reverted. Comparisons of crystal structures of AmpCEnt385 and AmpCP99, the canonical AmpC of E. cloacae complex, revealed that the two-residue deletion in AmpCEnt385 induced drastic structural changes of the H-9 and H-10 helices and the R2 loop, which accounted for the increased hydrolysis of ceftazidime and cefiderocol. The potential for a single mutation in ampC to confer reduced susceptibility to both ceftazidime-avibactam and cefiderocol requires close monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akito Kawai
- Department of Microbiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Christi L McElheny
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alina Iovleva
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ellen G Kline
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicolas Sluis-Cremer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Innovative Antimicrobial Therapy, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ryan K Shields
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Innovative Antimicrobial Therapy, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yohei Doi
- Department of Microbiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Innovative Antimicrobial Therapy, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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