1
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Fleming D, Bozyel I, Koscianski CA, Ozdemir D, Karau MJ, Cuello L, Anoy MMI, Gelston S, Schuetz AN, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, Mandrekar JN, Beyenal H, Patel R. HOCl-producing electrochemical bandage is active in murine polymicrobial wound infection. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0062624. [PMID: 39162542 PMCID: PMC11448380 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00626-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound infections, exacerbated by the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens, necessitate innovative antimicrobial approaches. Polymicrobial infections, often involving Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), present challenges due to biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a potent antimicrobial agent, holds promise as an alternative therapy. An electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) that generates HOCl in situ via precise polarization controlled by a miniaturized potentiostat was evaluated for the treatment of murine wound biofilm infections containing both P. aeruginosa with "difficult-to-treat" resistance and MRSA. Previously, HOCl-producing e-bandage was shown to reduce murine wound biofilms containing P. aeruginosa alone. Here, in 5-mm excisional skin wounds containing 48-h biofilms comprising MRSA and P. aeruginosa combined, polarized e-bandage treatment reduced MRSA by 1.1 log10 CFU/g (P = 0.026) vs non-polarized e-bandage treatment (no HOCl production), and 1.4 log10 CFU/g (0.0015) vs Tegaderm only controls; P. aeruginosa was similarly reduced by 1.6 log10 CFU/g (P = 0.0032) and 1.6 log10 CFU/g (P = 0.0015), respectively. For wounds infected with MRSA alone, polarized e-bandage treatment reduced bacterial load by 1.1 log10 CFU/g (P = 0.0048) and 1.3 log10 CFU/g (P = 0.0048) compared with non-polarized e-bandage and Tegaderm only, respectively. The e-bandage treatment did not negatively impact wound healing or cause tissue toxicity. The addition of systemic antibiotics did not enhance the antimicrobial efficacy of e-bandages. This study provides additional evidence for the HOCl-producing e-bandage as a novel antimicrobial strategy for managing wound infections, including in the context of antibiotic resistance and polymicrobial infections. IMPORTANCE New approaches are needed to combat the rise of antimicrobial-resistant infections. The HOCl-producing electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) leverages in situ generation of HOCl, a natural biocide, for broad-spectrum killing of wound pathogens. Unlike traditional therapies that may exhibit limited activity against biofilms and antimicrobial-resistant organisms, the e-bandage offers a potent, standalone solution that does not contribute to further resistance or require adjunctive antibiotic therapy. Here, we show the ability of the e-bandage to address polymicrobial infection by antimicrobial resistant clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two commonly isolated, co-infecting wound pathogens. Effectiveness of the HOCl-producing e-bandage in reducing pathogen load while minimizing tissue toxicity and avoiding the need for systemic antibiotics underscores its potential as a tool in managing complex wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Fleming
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ibrahim Bozyel
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | | | - Dilara Ozdemir
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Melissa J. Karau
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Luz Cuello
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Md Monzurul Islam Anoy
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Suzanne Gelston
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Audrey N. Schuetz
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Huang Y, Fu Z, Wang H, Liu Z, Gao M, Luo Y, Zhang M, Wang J, Ni D. Calcium Peroxide-Based Hydrogels Enable Biphasic Release of Hydrogen Peroxide for Infected Wound Healing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404813. [PMID: 39225304 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Wound infection is a major factor affecting the speed and quality of wound healing. While hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is recognized for its antibacterial capacity and facilitation of wound healing, its administration requires careful dosage differentiation. Inappropriately matched dosages can protract the healing of infected wounds. Herein, a calcium peroxide-based hydrogel (CPO-Alg hydrogel) is fabricated to enable a biphasic tapered release of H2O2, ensuring robust initial antimicrobial activity followed by sustained promotion of cellular proliferation of wound healing. The design of the hydrogel allowed for the calcium peroxide nanoparticles (CPO NPs) being in two spatial niches within the gel framework. When applied to infectious wounds, CPO NPs with weak constraints are promptly released out of the gel, penetrating into infected regions to serve as antibacterial agents that eliminate bacteria and biofilms at high concentrations. Conversely, the entrapped CPO NPs structurally integrated into the gel remain confined, thus gradually degrading and allowing a mild release of H2O2 through hydrolysis in a moist environment that contributes to the cell growth in the later stage. The CPO-Alg hydrogel represents an innovative and practical solution for the antimicrobial protection of chronic wounds, offering promising prospects for advancing wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Zi Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Zeyang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Gao
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yanran Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Dalong Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
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3
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Rai SK, Potnuru LR, Duong NT, Yamazaki T, Nangia AK, Nishiyama Y, Agarwal V. Probing Short-Range Interactions in Isostructural Hydrate and Perhydrate of Dabrafenib by Magic-Angle Spinning Solid-State NMR. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39034533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Dabrafenib (DBF), an anticancer drug, exhibits isostructural properties in its hydrate (DBF⊃H2O) and perhydrate (DBF⊃H2O2) forms, as revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Despite the H2O and H2O2 solvent molecules occupying identical locations, the two polymorphs have different thermal behaviors. In general, determination of stoichiometry of H2O in the perhydrate crystals is difficult due to the presence of both H2O and H2O2 in the same crystal voids. This study utilizes magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR (SSNMR) combined with gauge-included projector augmented wave calculations to characterize the influence of solvent molecules on the local environment in pseudopolymorphs. SSNMR experiments were employed to assign 1H, 13C, and 15N peaks and identify spectral differences in the isostructural pseudopolymorphs. Proton spectroscopy at fast MAS was used to identify and quantify H2O2/H2O in DBF⊃H2O2 (mixed hydrate/perhydrate). 1H-1H dipolar-coupling-based experiments were recruited to confirm the 3D molecular packing of solvent molecules in DBF⊃H2O and DBF⊃H2O2. Homonuclear (1H-1H) and heteronuclear (1H-14N) distance measurements, in conjunction with diffraction structures and optimized hydrogen atom positions by density functional theory, helped decipher local interactions of H2O2 with DBF and their geometry in DBF⊃H2O2. This integrated X-ray structure, quantum chemical calculations, and NMR study of pseudopolymorphs offer a practical approach to scrutinizing crystallized solvent interactions in the crystal lattice even without high-resolution crystal structures or artificial sample enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Rai
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Lokeswara Rao Potnuru
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Nghia Tuan Duong
- RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Toshio Yamazaki
- RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ashwini K Nangia
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Central University P.O., Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Yusuke Nishiyama
- RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- JEOL Ltd., Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan
| | - Vipin Agarwal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
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Anoy MMI, Kim WJ, Gelston S, Fleming D, Patel R, Beyenal H. Evaluation of treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms with intermittent electrochemically generated H 2O 2 or HOCl. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024; 68:e0172223. [PMID: 38771032 PMCID: PMC11232386 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01722-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic wound infections can be difficult to treat and may lead to impaired healing and worsened patient outcomes. Novel treatment strategies are needed. This study evaluated the effects of intermittently produced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl), generated via an electrochemical bandage (e-bandage), against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in an agar membrane biofilm model. By changing the working electrode potential, the e-bandage generated either HOCl (1.5 VAg/AgCl) or H2O2 (-0.6 VAg/AgCl). The degree of biocidal activity of intermittent treatment with HOCl and H2O2 correlated with HOCl treatment time; HOCl treatment durations of 0, 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 hours (with the rest of the 6-hour total treatment time devoted to H2O2 generation) resulted in mean biofilm reductions of 1.36 ± 0.2, 2.22 ± 0.16, 3.46 ± 0.38, 4.63 ± 0.74, and 7.66 ± 0.5 log CFU/cm2, respectively, vs. non-polarized controls, respectively. However, application of H2O2 immediately after HOCl treatment was detrimental to biofilm removal. For example, 3 hours HOCl treatment followed by 3 hours H2O2 resulted in a 1.90 ± 0.84 log CFU/cm2 lower mean biofilm reduction than 3 hours HOCl treatment followed by 3 hours non-polarization. HOCl generated over 3 hours exhibited biocidal activity for at least 7.5 hours after e-bandage operation ceased; 3 hours of HOCl generation followed by 7.5 hours of non-polarization resulted in a biofilm cell reduction of 7.92 ± 0.12 log CFU/cm2 vs. non-polarized controls. Finally, intermittent treatment with HOCl (i.e., interspersed with periods of e-bandage non-polarization) for various intervals showed similar effects (approximately 6 log CFU/cm2 reduction vs. non-polarized control) to continuous treatment with HOCl for 3 hours, followed by 3 hours of non-polarization. These findings suggest that timing and sequencing of HOCl and H2O2 treatments are crucial for maximizing biofilm control when using an e-bandage strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Monzurul Islam Anoy
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Won-Jun Kim
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Suzanne Gelston
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Derek Fleming
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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5
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da Cruz Nizer WS, Adams ME, Allison KN, Montgomery MC, Mosher H, Cassol E, Overhage J. Oxidative stress responses in biofilms. Biofilm 2024; 7:100203. [PMID: 38827632 PMCID: PMC11139773 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidizing agents are low-molecular-weight molecules that oxidize other substances by accepting electrons from them. They include reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anions (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (HO-), and reactive chlorine species (RCS) including sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and its active ingredient hypochlorous acid (HOCl), and chloramines. Bacteria encounter oxidizing agents in many different environments and from diverse sources. Among them, they can be produced endogenously by aerobic respiration or exogenously by the use of disinfectants and cleaning agents, as well as by the mammalian immune system. Furthermore, human activities like industrial effluent pollution, agricultural runoff, and environmental activities like volcanic eruptions and photosynthesis are also sources of oxidants. Despite their antimicrobial effects, bacteria have developed many mechanisms to resist the damage caused by these toxic molecules. Previous research has demonstrated that growing as a biofilm particularly enhances bacterial survival against oxidizing agents. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the resistance mechanisms employed by bacterial biofilms against ROS and RCS, focussing on the most important mechanisms, including the formation of biofilms in response to oxidative stressors, the biofilm matrix as a protective barrier, the importance of detoxifying enzymes, and increased protection within multi-species biofilm communities. Understanding the complexity of bacterial responses against oxidative stress will provide valuable insights for potential therapeutic interventions and biofilm control strategies in diverse bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madison Elisabeth Adams
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, ON, Canada
| | - Kira Noelle Allison
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, ON, Canada
| | | | - Hailey Mosher
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, ON, Canada
| | - Edana Cassol
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, ON, Canada
| | - Joerg Overhage
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, ON, Canada
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6
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Sun R, Zhang J, Chen X, Deng Y, Gou J, Yin T, He H, Tang X, Ni X, Yang L, Zhang Y. An adaptive drug-releasing contact lens for personalized treatment of ocular infections and injuries. J Control Release 2024; 369:114-127. [PMID: 38521167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
This research introduces an innovative solution to address the challenges of bacterial keratitis and alkali burns. Current treatments for bacterial keratitis and alkali burns rely on the frequent use of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory eye drops. However, these approaches suffer from poor bioavailability and fluctuating concentrations, leading to limited efficacy and potential drug resistance. Our approach presents an adaptive drug-releasing contact lens responsive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) at ocular inflammation sites, synchronously releasing Levofloxacin and Diclofenac. During storage, minimal drug release occurred, but over 7 days of wear, the lens maintained a continuous, customizable drug release rate based on disease severity. This contact lens had strong antibacterial activity and biofilm prevention, effectively treating bacterial keratitis. When combined with autologous serum, this hydrophilic, flexible lens aids corneal epithelial regeneration, reducing irritation and promoting healing. In summary, this ROS-responsive drug-releasing contact lens combines antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, offering a promising solution for bacterial keratitis and alkali burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yaxin Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jingxin Gou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Tian Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Haibing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xing Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xianpu Ni
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China.
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7
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Kobus M, Friedrich T, Zorn E, Burmeister N, Maison W. Medicinal Chemistry of Drugs with N-Oxide Functionalities. J Med Chem 2024; 67:5168-5184. [PMID: 38549449 PMCID: PMC11017254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Molecules with N-oxide functionalities are omnipresent in nature and play an important role in Medicinal Chemistry. They are synthetic or biosynthetic intermediates, prodrugs, drugs, or polymers for applications in drug development and surface engineering. Typically, the N-oxide group is critical for biomedical applications of these molecules. It may provide water solubility or decrease membrane permeability or immunogenicity. In other cases, the N-oxide has a special redox reactivity which is important for drug targeting and/or cytotoxicity. Many of the underlying mechanisms have only recently been discovered, and the number of applications of N-oxides in the healthcare field is rapidly growing. This Perspective article gives a short summary of the properties of N-oxides and their synthesis. It also provides a discussion of current applications of N-oxides in the biomedical field and explains the basic molecular mechanisms responsible for their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Kobus
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Timo Friedrich
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eilika Zorn
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nils Burmeister
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maison
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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Fleming D, Bozyel I, Koscianski CA, Ozdemir D, Karau MJ, Cuello L, Anoy MMI, Gelston S, Schuetz AN, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, Mandrekar JN, Beyenal H, Patel R. HOCl-producing Electrochemical Bandage is Active in Murine Polymicrobial Wound Infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.19.585100. [PMID: 38562889 PMCID: PMC10983912 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.19.585100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Wound infections, exacerbated by the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens, necessitate innovative antimicrobial approaches. Polymicrobial infections, often involving Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), present formidable challenges due to biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a potent antimicrobial agent produced naturally by the immune system, holds promise as an alternative therapy. An electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) that generates HOCl in situ was evaluated for treatment of murine wound biofilm infections containing both MRSA and P. aeruginosa with "difficult-to-treat" resistance. Previously, the HOCl-producing e-bandage was shown to reduce wound biofilms containing P. aeruginosa alone. Compared to non-polarized e-bandage (no HOCl production) and Tegaderm only controls, the polarized e-bandages reduced bacterial loads in wounds infected with MRSA plus P. aeruginosa (MRSA: vs Tegaderm only - 1.4 log10 CFU/g, p = 0.0015, vs. non-polarized - 1.1 log10 CFU/g, p = 0.026. P. aeruginosa: vs Tegaderm only - 1.6 log10 CFU/g, p = 0.0015, vs non-polarized - 1.6 log10 CFU/g, p = 0.0032), and MRSA alone (vs Tegaderm only - 1.3 log10 CFU/g, p = 0.0048, vs. non-polarized - 1.1 log10 CFU/g, p = 0.0048), without compromising wound healing or causing tissue toxicity. Addition of systemic antibiotics did not enhance the antimicrobial efficacy of e-bandages, highlighting their potential as standalone therapies. This study provides additional evidence for the HOCl-producing e-bandage as a novel antimicrobial strategy for managing wound infections, including in the context of antibiotic resistance and polymicrobial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Fleming
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ibrahim Bozyel
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
| | | | - Dilara Ozdemir
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
| | | | - Luz Cuello
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Md Monzurul Islam Anoy
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
| | - Suzanne Gelston
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
| | | | | | | | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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9
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Fleming D, Bozyel I, Ozdemir D, Otero JA, Karau MJ, Anoy MMI, Koscianski C, Schuetz AN, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, Mandrekar JN, Beyenal H, Patel R. HOCl-producing electrochemical bandage for treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected murine wounds. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024; 68:e0121623. [PMID: 38214514 PMCID: PMC10946410 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01216-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing threat of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens necessitates the development of alternative antimicrobial approaches. This is particularly true for chronic wound infections, which commonly harbor biofilm-dwelling bacteria. A novel electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) delivering low-levels of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa murine wound biofilms. 5 mm skin wounds were created on the dorsum of mice and infected with 106 colony-forming units (CFU) of P. aeruginosa. Biofilms were formed over 2 days, after which e-bandages were placed on the wound beds and covered with Tegaderm. Mice were administered Tegaderm-only (control), non-polarized e-bandage (no HOCl production), or polarized e-bandage (using an HOCl-producing potentiostat), with or without systemic amikacin. Purulence and wound areas were measured before and after treatment. After 48 hours, wounds were harvested for bacterial quantification. Forty-eight hours of polarized e-bandage treatment resulted in mean biofilm reductions of 1.4 log10 CFUs/g (P = 0.0107) vs non-polarized controls and 2.2 log10 CFU/g (P = 0.004) vs Tegaderm-only controls. Amikacin improved CFU reduction in Tegaderm-only (P = 0.0045) and non-polarized control groups (P = 0.0312) but not in the polarized group (P = 0.3876). Compared to the Tegaderm-only group, there was less purulence in the polarized group (P = 0.009). Wound closure was neither impeded nor improved by either polarized or non-polarized e-bandage treatment. Concurrent amikacin did not impact wound closure or purulence. In conclusion, an HOCl-producing e-bandage reduced P. aeruginosa in wound biofilms with no impairment in wound healing, representing a promising antibiotic-free approach for addressing wound infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Fleming
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ibrahim Bozyel
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Dilara Ozdemir
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | | | - Melissa J. Karau
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Md Monzurul Islam Anoy
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | | | - Audrey N. Schuetz
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Robin Patel
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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10
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Kambe J, Usuda K, Inoue R, Hirayama K, Ito M, Suenaga K, Masukado S, Liu H, Miyata S, Li C, Kimura I, Yamamoto Y, Nagaoka K. Hydrogen peroxide in breast milk is crucial for gut microbiota formation and myelin development in neonatal mice. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2359729. [PMID: 38816999 PMCID: PMC11146441 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2359729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Early life environment influences mammalian brain development, a growing area of research within the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease framework, necessitating a deeper understanding of early life factors on children's brain development. This study introduces a mouse model, LAO1 knockout mice, to investigate the relationship between breast milk, the gut microbiome, and brain development. The results reveal that breast milk's reactive oxygen species (ROS) are vital in shaping the neonatal gut microbiota. Decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in milk disrupt the gut microbiome and lead to abnormal metabolite production, including D-glucaric acid. This metabolite inhibits hippocampal myelin formation during infancy, potentially contributing to behavioral abnormalities observed in adulthood. These findings suggest that H2O2 in breast milk is crucial for normal gut microbiota formation and brain development, with implications for understanding and potentially treating neurodevelopmental disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kambe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kento Usuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hirayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ito
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ken Suenaga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sora Masukado
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hong Liu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Miyata
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ikuo Kimura
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Liu R, Zhai L, Feng S, Gao R, Zheng J. Research frontiers and hotspots in bacterial biofilm wound therapy: bibliometric and visual analysis for 2012-2022. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5538-5549. [PMID: 37915709 PMCID: PMC10617850 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial biofilms, which can protect bacteria from host immune response and drug attack, are an important factor in the difficult healing of chronic wound infection, which has become a major problem in medical development. This paper aimed to analyze literature related to bacterial biofilm wound treatment published between 2012 and 2022 using bibliometric and visual analysis. Methods Publications related to bacterial biofilm wound treatment from 2012 to 2022 were selected from the Web of Science Core Collection. Microsoft Excel 2021, bibliometrics, CiteSpace6.1, and VOSviewer1.6.18 were used to extract and analyze data. Results A total of 940 articles were published between 2012 and 2022, with the United States being the leading country (with 302 papers, 32.13%) and the University of Copenhagen in Denmark being the leading institution (with 26 published articles) in the field. Steven L Percival, a British academic, published the most articles (14). In the field of bacterial biofilm wound treatment, keywords suggested that the research gradually transitioned from lower limb venous ulcer, negative pressure-assisted healing to chronic wound, in-vitro bacterial biological model research, and then to the development of more microscopic and more advanced technologies such as antibacterial activity and nanomaterials. "Nanoparticles", "inhibition/antibacterial", "delivery", "gold nanoparticles", "hydrogel", "wound healing", etc., may become new research hotspots in this field. Conclusion There is a lack of specific and effective treatment methods for diagnosing and treating bacterial biofilms in wounds. Through the development of multidisciplinary cooperation, early diagnosis and treatment of bacterial biofilms in wounds can be achieved. These data may provide a useful reference for scholars studying more effective bacterial biofilm wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
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12
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Fleming D, Bozyel I, Ozdemir D, Otero JA, Karau MJ, Islam Anoy MM, Koscianski C, Schuetz AN, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, Mandrekar JN, Beyenal H, Patel R. HOCl-producing Electrochemical Bandages for Treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa -Infected Murine Wounds. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.20.558698. [PMID: 37790575 PMCID: PMC10542532 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.20.558698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) delivering low-level hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa murine wound biofilms. 5 mm skin wounds were created on the dorsum of Swiss-Webster mice and infected with 10 6 colony forming units (CFU) of P. aeruginosa . Biofilms were formed over two days, after which e-bandages were placed on the wound beds and covered with Tegaderm™. Mice were administered Tegaderm-only (control), non-polarized e-bandage (no HOCl production), or polarized e-bandage (using an HOCl-producing potentiostat), with or without concurrently administered systemic amikacin. Purulence and wound areas were measured before and after treatment. After 48 hours, animals were sacrificed, and wounds were harvested for bacterial quantification. Forty-eight hours of polarized e-bandage treatment resulted in mean biofilm reductions of 1.4 log 10 CFUs/g (9.0 vs 7.6 log 10 ; p = 0.0107) vs non-polarized controls, and 2.2 log 10 CFU/g (9.8 vs 7.6 log 10 ; p = 0.004) vs Tegaderm only controls. Systemic amikacin improved CFU reduction in Tegaderm-only (p = 0.0045) and non-polarized control groups (p = 0.0312), but not in the polarized group (p = 0.3876). Compared to the Tegaderm only group, there was more purulence reduction in the polarized group (p = 0.009), but not in the non-polarized group (p = 0.064). Wound closure was not impeded or improved by either polarized or non-polarized e-bandage treatment. Concurrent amikacin did not impact wound closure or purulence. In conclusion, an HOCl-producing e-bandage reduced P. aeruginosa in wound biofilms with no impairment in wound healing, representing a promising antibiotic-free approach for addressing wound infections.
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13
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Kletzer J, Raval YS, Mohamed A, Mandrekar JN, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, Beyenal H, Patel R. In vitro activity of hypochlorous acid generating electrochemical bandage against monospecies and dual-species bacterial biofilms. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad194. [PMID: 37667489 PMCID: PMC10508963 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS As antimicrobial resistance is on the rise, treating chronic wound infections is becoming more complex. The presence of biofilms in wound beds contributes to this challenge. Here, the activity of a novel hypochlorous acid (HOCl) producing electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) against monospecies and dual-species bacterial biofilms formed by bacteria commonly found in wound infections was assessed. METHODS AND RESULTS The system was controlled by a wearable potentiostat powered by a 3V lithium-ion battery and maintaining a constant voltage of + 1.5V Ag/AgCl, allowing continuous generation of HOCl. A total of 19 monospecies and 10 dual-species bacterial biofilms grown on polycarbonate membranes placed on tryptic soy agar (TSA) plates were used as wound biofilm models, with HOCl producing e-bandages placed over the biofilms. Viable cell counts were quantified after e-bandages were continuously polarized for 2, 4, 6, and 12 hours. Time-dependent reductions in colony forming units (CFUs) were observed for all studied isolates. After 12 hours, average CFU reductions of 7.75 ± 1.37 and 7.74 ± 0.60 log10 CFU/cm2 were observed for monospecies and dual-species biofilms, respectively. CONCLUSIONS HOCl producing e-bandages reduce viable cell counts of in vitro monospecies and dual-species bacterial biofilms in a time-dependent manner in vitro. After 12 hours, >99.999% reduction in cell viability was observed for both monospecies and dual-species biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kletzer
- Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg 5020, Austria
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Yash S Raval
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Abdelrhman Mohamed
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States
| | - Jayawant N Mandrekar
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | | | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
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14
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Parker DM, Koch JA, Gish CG, Brothers KM, Li W, Gilbertie J, Rowe SE, Conlon BP, Byrapogu VKC, Urish KL. Hydrogen Peroxide, Povidone-Iodine and Chlorhexidine Fail to Eradicate Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm from Infected Implant Materials. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1230. [PMID: 37374013 DOI: 10.3390/life13061230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide, povidone-iodine, and chlorhexidine are antiseptics that are commonly added to irrigants to either prevent or treat infection. There are little clinical data available that demonstrate efficacy of adding antiseptics to irrigants in the treatment of periprosthetic joint infection after biofilm establishment. The objective of the study was to assess the bactericidal activity of the antiseptics on S. aureus planktonic and biofilm. For planktonic irrigation, S. aureus was exposed to different concentrations of antiseptics. S. aureus biofilm was developed by submerging a Kirschner wire into normalized bacteria and allowing it to grow for forty-eight hours. The Kirschner wire was then treated with irrigation solutions and plated for CFU analysis. Hydrogen peroxide, povidone-iodine, and chlorhexidine were bactericidal against planktonic bacteria with over a 3 log reduction (p < 0.0001). Unlike cefazolin, the antiseptics were not bactericidal (less than 3 log reduction) against biofilm bacteria but did have a statistical reduction in biofilm as compared to the initial time point (p < 0.0001). As compared to cefazolin treatment alone, the addition of hydrogen peroxide or povidone-iodine to cefazolin treatment only additionally reduced the biofilm burden by less than 1 log. The antiseptics demonstrated bactericidal properties with planktonic S. aureus; however, when used to irrigate S. aureus biofilms, these antiseptics were unable to decrease biofilm mass below a 3 log reduction, suggesting that S. aureus biofilm has a tolerance to antiseptics. This information should be considered when considering antibiotic tolerance in established S. aureus biofilm treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Parker
- Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Lab, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - John A Koch
- Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Lab, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Charles G Gish
- Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Lab, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Kimberly M Brothers
- Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Lab, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - William Li
- Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Lab, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jessica Gilbertie
- Center for One Health Research, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Sarah E Rowe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brian P Conlon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Venkata K C Byrapogu
- Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Lab, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Kenneth L Urish
- Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Lab, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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15
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Brayton S, Toles ZEA, Sanchez CA, Michaud ME, Thierer LM, Keller TM, Risener CJ, Quave CL, Wuest WM, Minbiole KPC. Soft QPCs: Biscationic Quaternary Phosphonium Compounds as Soft Antimicrobial Agents. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:943-951. [PMID: 36926876 PMCID: PMC10111419 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) serve as a first line of defense against infectious pathogens. As resistance to QACs emerges in the environment, the development of next-generation disinfectants is of utmost priority for human health. Balancing antibacterial potency with environmental considerations is required to effectively counter the development of bacterial resistance. To address this challenge, a series of 14 novel biscationic quaternary phosphonium compounds (bisQPCs) have been prepared as amphiphilic disinfectants through straightforward, high-yielding alkylation reactions. These compounds feature decomposable or "soft" amide moieties in their side chains, anticipated to promote decomposition under environmental conditions. Strong bioactivity against a panel of seven bacterial pathogens was observed, highlighted by single-digit micromolar activity for compounds P6P-12A,12A and P3P-12A,12A. Hydrolysis experiments in pure water and in buffers of varying pH revealed surprising decomposition of the soft QPCs under basic conditions at the phosphonium center, leading to inactive phosphine oxide products; QPC stability (>24 h) was maintained in neutral solutions. The results of this work unveil soft QPCs as a potent and environmentally conscious new class of bisQPC disinfectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha
R. Brayton
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Zachary E. A. Toles
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Christian A. Sanchez
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Marina E. Michaud
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Laura M. Thierer
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Taylor M. Keller
- Department
of Chemistry Crystallography Facility, University
of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Caitlin J. Risener
- Molecular
and Systems Pharmacology Program, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United
States
| | - Cassandra L. Quave
- Department
of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - William M. Wuest
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kevin P. C. Minbiole
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
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16
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Kletzer J, Raval YS, Mohamed A, Mandrekar JN, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, Beyenal H, Patel R. In Vitro Activity of a Hypochlorous Acid-Generating Electrochemical Bandage against Yeast Biofilms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0116622. [PMID: 36472429 PMCID: PMC9872635 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01166-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibiofilm activity of a hypochlorous acid (HOCl)-producing electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) was assessed against 14 yeast isolates in vitro. The evaluated e-bandage was polarized at +1.5 VAg/AgCl to allow continuous production of HOCl. Time-dependent decreases in the biofilm CFU counts were observed for all isolates with e-bandage treatment. The results suggest that the described HOCl-producing e-bandage could serve as a potential alternative to traditional antifungal wound biofilm treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kletzer
- Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yash S. Raval
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Abdelrhman Mohamed
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | | | | | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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17
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Tibbits G, Mohamed A, Gelston S, Flurin L, Raval YS, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, Patel R, Beyenal H. Activity of a hypochlorous acid-producing electrochemical bandage as assessed with a porcine explant biofilm model. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:250-259. [PMID: 36168277 PMCID: PMC10091757 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The activity of a hypochlorous acid-producing electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) in preventing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection (MRSA) infection and removing biofilms formed by MRSA was assessed using a porcine explant biofilm model. e-Bandages inhibited S. aureus infection (p = 0.029) after 12 h (h) of exposure and reduced 3-day biofilm viable cell counts after 6, 12, and 24 h exposures (p = 0.029). Needle-type microelectrodes were used to assess HOCl concentrations in explant tissue as a result of e-bandage treatment; toxicity associated with e-bandage treatment was evaluated. HOCl concentrations in infected and uninfected explant tissue varied between 30 and 80 µM, decreasing with increasing distance from the e-bandage. Eukaryotic cell viability was reduced by an average of 71% and 65% in fresh and day 3-old explants, respectively, when compared to explants exposed to nonpolarized e-bandages. HOCl e-bandages are a promising technology that can be further developed as an antibiotic-free treatment for wound biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Tibbits
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Abdelrhman Mohamed
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Suzanne Gelston
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Laure Flurin
- Divison of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yash S Raval
- Divison of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Robin Patel
- Divison of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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18
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Tibbits G, Mohamed A, Gelston S, Flurin L, Raval YS, Greenwood‐Quaintance K, Patel R, Beyenal H. Efficacy and toxicity of hydrogen peroxide producing electrochemical bandages in a porcine explant biofilm model. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:3755-3767. [PMID: 36073322 PMCID: PMC9671841 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Effects of H2 O2 producing electrochemical-bandages (e-bandages) on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization and biofilm removal were assessed using a porcine explant biofilm model. Transport of H2 O2 produced from the e-bandage into explant tissue and associated potential toxicity were evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS Viable prokaryotic cells from infected explants were quantified after 48 h treatment with e-bandages in three ex vivo S. aureus infection models: (1) reducing colonization, (2) removing young biofilms and (3) removing mature biofilms. H2 O2 concentration-depth profiles in explants/biofilms were measured using microelectrodes. Reductions in eukaryotic cell viability of polarized and nonpolarized noninfected explants were compared. e-Bandages effectively reduced S. aureus colonization (p = 0.029) and reduced the viable prokaryotic cell concentrations of young biofilms (p = 0.029) with limited effects on mature biofilms (p > 0.1). H2 O2 penetrated biofilms and explants and reduced eukaryotic cell viability by 32-44% compared to nonpolarized explants. CONCLUSIONS H2 O2 producing e-bandages were most active when used to reduce colonization and remove young biofilms rather than to remove mature biofilms. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY The described e-bandages reduced S. aureus colonization and young S. aureus biofilms in a porcine explant wound model, supporting their further development as an antibiotic-free alternative for managing biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Tibbits
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and BioengineeringWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
| | - Abdelrhman Mohamed
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and BioengineeringWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
| | - Suzanne Gelston
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and BioengineeringWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
| | - Laure Flurin
- Division of Clinical MicrobiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Yash S. Raval
- Division of Clinical MicrobiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | | | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical MicrobiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA,Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and BioengineeringWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
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19
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Bae D, Song KY, Macoy DM, Kim MG, Lee CK, Kim YS. Inactivation of Airborne Avian Pathogenic E. coli (APEC) via Application of a Novel High-Pressure Spraying System. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10112201. [PMID: 36363793 PMCID: PMC9694486 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases of livestock caused by novel pathogenic viruses and bacteria are a major threat to global animal health and welfare and their effective control is crucial for agronomic health and for securing global food supply. It has been widely recognized that the transmission of infectious agents can occur between people and/or animals in indoor spaces. Therefore, infection control practices are critical to reduce the transmission of the airborne pathogens. ViKiller®-high-pressure sprayer and Deger®-disinfectant are newly developed spraying systems that can produce an optimal size of disinfectants to reduce airborne microbes. The system was evaluated to reduce the infection caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), an airborne bacterium which survives in indoor spaces. pH-neutral electrolyzed water (NEW) containing 100 ppm of free chlorine, laboratory-scale chambers, a recently developed sprayer, and a conventional sprayer were used in the study. A total of 123 day-of-hatch male layer chicks (Hy-Line W-36) were randomly classified into five groups (negative control (NC): no treatment; treatment 1 (Trt 1): spraying only NEW without APEC; treatment 2 (Trt 2): spraying NEW + APEC using a high-pressure sprayer; treatment 3 (Trt 3): spraying NEW + APEC using a conventional sprayer; positive control (PC): spraying only APEC). Experimental chicks in the chambers were daily exposed to 50 mL of NEW and/or APEC (1.0 × 106 cfu/mL) until the end of the experiment (day 35). APEC strains were sprayed by ViKiller®. At least four chicks in each group were evaluated weekly to monitor APEC infection and determine the lesion. Data showed that our spraying system significantly reduced airborne APEC concentrations, mortality rate, respiratory infection, and APEC lesions in birds in the chamber space (p < 0.05). The results demonstrate that the antibacterial effect of the novel spraying sprayer with NEW on APEC was far superior compared to the conventional sprayer. This study provides a new insight for preventive measures against airborne microorganisms in indoor spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongryeoul Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (Y.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-55-772-2416 (D.B.); +82-10-4402-0795 (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Kwang-Young Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Donah Mary Macoy
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Min Gab Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Chul-Kyu Lee
- Division of Research and Development, TracoWorld Ltd., Gwangmyeong-si 14348, Korea
| | - Yu-Seong Kim
- Division of Research and Development, TracoWorld Ltd., Gwangmyeong-si 14348, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (Y.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-55-772-2416 (D.B.); +82-10-4402-0795 (Y.-S.K.)
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20
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Raval YS, Mohamed A, Flurin L, Mandrekar JN, Greenwood Quaintance KE, Beyenal H, Patel R. Hydrogen-peroxide generating electrochemical bandage is active in vitro against mono- and dual-species biofilms. Biofilm 2021; 3:100055. [PMID: 34585138 PMCID: PMC8455977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2021.100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms formed by antibiotic-resistant bacteria in wound beds present unique challenges in terms of treating chronic wound infections; biofilms formed by one or more than one bacterial species are often involved. In this work, the in vitro anti-biofilm activity of a novel electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) composed of carbon fabric and controlled by a wearable potentiostat, designed to continuously deliver low amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was evaluated against 34 mono-species and 12 dual-species membrane bacterial biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Enterococcus faecium, E. faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Cutibacterium acnes, and Bacteroides fragilis. Biofilms were grown on polycarbonate membranes placed atop agar plates. An e-bandage, which electrochemically reduces dissolved oxygen to H2O2 when polarized at -0.6 VAg/AgCl, was then placed atop each membrane biofilm and polarized continuously for 12, 24, and 48 h using a wearable potentiostat. Time-dependent decreases in viable CFU counts of all mono- and dual-species biofilms were observed after e-bandage treatment. 48 h of e-bandage treatment resulted in an average reduction of 8.17 ± 0.40 and 7.99 ± 0.32 log10 CFU/cm2 for mono- and dual-species biofilms, respectively. Results suggest that the described H2O2 producing e-bandage can reduce in vitro viable cell counts of biofilms grown either in mono- or dual-species forms, and should be further developed as a potential antibiotic-free treatment strategy for treating chronic wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash S. Raval
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Abdelrhman Mohamed
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Laure Flurin
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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21
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Hypochlorous Acid-Generating Electrochemical Catheter Prototype for Prevention of Intraluminal Infection. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0055721. [PMID: 34704827 PMCID: PMC8549727 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00557-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) contributes to mortality and cost. While aseptic dressings and antibiotic-impregnated catheters prevent some extraluminal infections, intraluminal infections remain a source of CLABSIs. In this proof-of-concept study, an electrochemical intravascular catheter (e-catheter) prototype capable of electrochemically generating hypochlorous acid intraluminally using platinum electrodes polarized at a constant potential of 1.5 electrode potential relative to saturated silver/silver chloride reference electrode measured in volts (VAg/AgCl) was developed. After 24 h of prepolarization at 1.5 VAg/AgCl, their activity was tested against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecium, and Escherichia coli derived from catheter-related infections. e-catheters generated a mean HOCl concentration of 15.86 ± 4.03 μM and had a mean pH of 6.14 ± 0.79. E-catheters prevented infections of all four species, with an average reduction of 8.41 ± 0.61 log10 CFU/ml at 48 h compared to controls. Polarized e-catheters which generate low amounts of HOCl continuously should be further developed to prevent intraluminal infection. IMPORTANCE Catheter-related infections constitute an economic and mortality burden in health care. Several options are available to reduce the risk of infection, but only a few focus on preventing intraluminal infection, which occurs in long-term catheters, most often used for dialysis, prolonged treatment, or chemotherapy. A prototype of a catheter called an "e-catheter" composed of three electrodes, capable of producing hypochlorous acid (HOCl) electrochemically in its lumen, was developed. When polarized at 1.5 V, chloride ions in the solution are oxidized to continuously produce low amounts of HOCl, which exhibits antibacterial activity in the lumen of the catheter. Here, this prototype was shown to be able to generate HOCl as well as prevent infection in a preliminary in vitro catheter model. This approach is a potential strategy for catheter infection prevention.
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