1
|
Dembele L, Dara A, Maiga M, Maiga FO, Cissoko D, Djimde AA. Imidazolopiperazine (IPZ)-Induced Differential Transcriptomic Responses on Plasmodium falciparum Wild-Type and IPZ-Resistant Mutant Parasites. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2124. [PMID: 38136946 PMCID: PMC10743112 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Imidazolopiperazine (IPZ), KAF156, a close analogue of GNF179, is a promising antimalarial candidate. IPZ is effective against Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax clinical malaria in human with transmission blocking property in animal models and effective against liver stage parasites. Despite these excellent drug efficacy properties, in vitro parasites have shown resistance to IPZ. However, the mechanism of action and resistance of IPZ remained not fully understood. Here, we used transcriptomic analysis to elucidate mode of action of IPZs. We report, in wild-type parasites GNF179 treatment down regulated lipase enzymes, two metabolic pathways: the hydrolysis of Phosphoinositol 4,5-bipohosphate (PIP2) that produce diacyglycerol (DAG) and the cytosolic calcium Ca2+ homeostasis which are known to be essential for P. falciparum survival and proliferation, as well for membrane permeability and protein trafficking. Furthermore, in wild-type parasites, GNF179 repressed expression of Acyl CoA Synthetase, export lipase 1 and esterase enzymes. Thus, in wild-type parasites only, GNF179 treatment affected enzymes leading lipid metabolism, transport, and synthesis. Lastly, our data revealed that IPZs did not perturb known IPZ resistance genes markers pfcarl, pfact, and pfugt regulations, which are all instead possibly involved in the drug resistance that disturb membrane transport targeted by IPZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Dembele
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), DEAP Point G, Bamako P.O. Box 1805, Mali; (A.D.); (M.M.); (F.O.M.); (D.C.); (A.A.D.)
- African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics (ACE), Bamako P.O. Box 1805, Mali
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, 10 Biopolis Road, #05-01 Chromos, Singapore 138670, Singapore
| | - Antoine Dara
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), DEAP Point G, Bamako P.O. Box 1805, Mali; (A.D.); (M.M.); (F.O.M.); (D.C.); (A.A.D.)
| | - Mohamed Maiga
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), DEAP Point G, Bamako P.O. Box 1805, Mali; (A.D.); (M.M.); (F.O.M.); (D.C.); (A.A.D.)
- African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics (ACE), Bamako P.O. Box 1805, Mali
| | - Fatoumata O. Maiga
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), DEAP Point G, Bamako P.O. Box 1805, Mali; (A.D.); (M.M.); (F.O.M.); (D.C.); (A.A.D.)
- African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics (ACE), Bamako P.O. Box 1805, Mali
| | - Djeneba Cissoko
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), DEAP Point G, Bamako P.O. Box 1805, Mali; (A.D.); (M.M.); (F.O.M.); (D.C.); (A.A.D.)
- African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics (ACE), Bamako P.O. Box 1805, Mali
| | - Abdoulaye A. Djimde
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), DEAP Point G, Bamako P.O. Box 1805, Mali; (A.D.); (M.M.); (F.O.M.); (D.C.); (A.A.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aniweh Y, Soulama A, Chirawurah J, Ansah F, Danwonno HA, Sogore F, Rouillier M, Campo B, Amenga-Etego L, Djimde AA, Awandare GA, Dembele L. Comparative Susceptibility of Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium falciparum Field Isolates to Reference and Lead Candidate Antimalarial Drugs in Ghana. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0491622. [PMID: 37093000 PMCID: PMC10269539 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04916-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria treatments resulted in the decline of the deadliest Plasmodium falciparum globally while species, such as P. ovale, infections have been increasingly detected across sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, no experimental drug sensitivity data are available to guide effective treatment and management of P. ovale infections, which is necessary for effective malaria elimination. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate P. ovale epidemiology over 1 year and determined ex vivo susceptibility of the field isolates to existing and lead advanced discovery antimalarial drugs. We report that while P. falciparum dominated both symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria cases, P. ovale in mono or co-infections caused 7.16% of symptomatic malaria. Frontline antimalarials artesunate and lumefantrine inhibited P. ovale as potently as P. falciparum. Chloroquine, which has been withdrawn in Ghana, was also highly inhibitory against both P. ovale and P. falciparum. In addition, P. ovale and P. falciparum displayed high susceptibility to quinine, comparable to levels observed with chloroquine. Pyrimethamine, which is a major drug for disease massive prevention, also showed great inhibition of P. ovale, comparable to effects on P. falciparum. Furthermore, we identified strong inhibition of P. ovale using GNF179, a close analogue of KAF156 imidazolopiperazines, which is a novel class of antimalarial drugs currently in clinical phase II testing. We further demonstrated that the Plasmodium phosphatidylinositol-4-OH kinase (PI4K)-specific inhibitor, KDU691, is highly inhibitory against P. ovale and P. falciparum field isolates. Our data indicated that existing and lead advanced discovery antimalarial drugs are suitable for the treatment of P. ovale infections in Ghana. IMPORTANCE Current malaria control and elimination tools such as drug treatments are not specifically targeting P.ovale. P. ovale can form hypnozoite and cause relapsing malaria. P. ovale is the third most dominant species in Africa and requires radical cure treatment given that it can form liver dormant forms called hypnozoites that escape all safe treatments. The inappropriate treatment of P. ovale would sustain its transmission in Africa where the medical need is the greatest. This is a hurdle for successful malaria control and elimination. Here, we provided experiment data that were lacking to guide P. ovale treatment and disease control policy makers using reference antimalarial drugs. We also provided key experimental data for 2 clinical candidate drugs that can be used for prioritization selection of lead candidate's identification for clinical development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaw Aniweh
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Alamissa Soulama
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Jersley Chirawurah
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Felix Ansah
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Harry A. Danwonno
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Fanta Sogore
- Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Point G, Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Brice Campo
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Amenga-Etego
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Abdoulaye A. Djimde
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Gordon A. Awandare
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Laurent Dembele
- Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Point G, Bamako, Mali
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bernard MM, Mohanty A, Rajendran V. Title: A Comprehensive Review on Classifying Fast-acting and Slow-acting Antimalarial Agents Based on Time of Action and Target Organelle of Plasmodium sp. Pathog Dis 2022; 80:6589403. [PMID: 35588061 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical resistance towards malarial parasites has rendered many antimalarials ineffective, likely due to a lack of understanding of time of action and stage specificity of all life stages. Therefore, to tackle this problem a more incisive comprehensive analysis of the fast and slow-acting profile of antimalarial agents relating to parasite time-kill kinetics and the target organelle on the progression of blood-stage parasites was carried out. It is evident from numerous findings that drugs targeting food vacuole, nuclear components, and endoplasmic reticulum mainly exhibit a fast-killing phenotype within 24h affecting first-cycle activity. Whereas drugs targeting mitochondria, apicoplast, microtubules, parasite invasion and egress exhibit a largely slow-killing phenotype within 96-120h, affecting second-cycle activity with few exemptions as moderately fast-killing. It is essential to understand the susceptibility of drugs on rings, trophozoites, schizonts, merozoites, and the appearance of organelle at each stage of 48h intraerythrocytic parasite cycle. Therefore, these parameters may facilitate the paradigm for understanding the timing of antimalarials action in deciphering its precise mechanism linked with time. Thus, classifying drugs based on the time of killing may promote designing new combination regimens against varied strains of P. falciparum and evaluating potential clinical resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Marie Bernard
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Abhinab Mohanty
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Vinoth Rajendran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Assessment
in vitro
of the antimalarial and transmission blocking activities of Cipargamin and Ganaplacide in artemisinin resistant
Plasmodium falciparum. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022; 66:e0148121. [DOI: 10.1128/aac.01481-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisinin resistance in
Plasmodium falciparum
has emerged and spread widely in the Greater Mekong Subregion threatening current first line artemisinin combination treatments. New antimalarial drugs are needed urgently. Cipargamin (KAE609) and ganaplacide (KAF156) are promising novel antimalarial compounds in advanced stages of development. Both compounds have potent asexual blood stage activities, inhibit
P. falciparum
gametocytogenesis and reduce oocyst development in anopheline mosquitoes. In this study, we compared the asexual and sexual stage activities of cipargamin, ganaplacide and artesunate in artemisinin resistant
P. falciparum
isolates (N=7, K13 mutation; C580Y, G449A and R539T) from Thailand and Cambodia. Asexual blood stage antimalarial activity was evaluated in a SYBR-green I based 72h
in vitro
assay, and the effects on male and female mature stage V gametocytes were assessed in the
P. falciparum
dual gamete formation assay. Ganaplacide had higher activities when compared to cipargamin and artesunate, with a mean (SD) IC50 against asexual stages of 5.5 (1.1) nM, 7.8 (3.9) nM for male gametocytes and 57.9 (59.6) nM for female gametocytes. Cipargamin had a similar potency against male and female gametocytes, with a mean (SD) IC50 of 123.1 (80.2) nM for male gametocytes, 88.5 (52.7) nM for female gametocytes and 2.4 (0.6) nM for asexual stages. Both cipargamin and ganaplacide showed significant transmission-blocking activities against artemisinin resistant
P. falciparum
in vitro
.
Collapse
|
5
|
Dembele L, Diallo N, Sogore F, Diarra B, Ballo FI, Daou A, Diakite O, Bare Y, Sangare CPO, Haidara AS, Diakite SAS, Niangaly A, Diakite M, Campo B, Awandare GA, Aniweh Y, Djimde AA. Ex Vivo Plasmodium malariae Culture Method for Antimalarial Drugs Screen in the Field. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:3025-3033. [PMID: 34711047 PMCID: PMC9974065 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In vitro and ex vivo cultivation of Plasmodium (P) falciparum has facilitated active research into the malaria parasite toward the quest for basic knowledge and the discovery of effective drug treatments. Such a drug discovery program is currently difficult for P. malariae simply because of the absence of in vitro and ex vivo cultivation system for its asexual blood stages supporting antimalarial evaluation. Despite availability of artemisinin combination therapies effective on P. falciparum, P. malariae is being increasingly detected in malaria endemic countries. P. malariae is responsible for chronic infections and is associated with a high burden of anemia and morbidity. Here, we optimized and adapted ex vivo conditions under which P. malariae can be cultured and used for screening antimalarial drugs. Subsequently, this enabled us to test compounds such as artemether, chloroquine, lumefantrine, and quinine for ex vivo antimalarial activity against P. malariae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Dembele
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali,
| | - Nouhoum Diallo
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Fanta Sogore
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Bintou Diarra
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Fatoumata I. Ballo
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Amadou Daou
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Ousmaila Diakite
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Yacouba Bare
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Cheick Papa Oumar Sangare
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Aboubecrin Sedhigh Haidara
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Seidina A. S. Diakite
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Amadou Niangaly
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mahamadou Diakite
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Brice Campo
- Medicines
for Malaria Venture (MMV), ICC Building Entrance G Third Floor Route de Pré-Bois 20 Postal Box 1826 CH-1215 Geneva
15 Switzerland
| | - Gordon A. Awandare
- West
African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP),
Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of
Basic and Applied Sciences, University of
Ghana, LG 54 Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Yaw Aniweh
- West
African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP),
Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of
Basic and Applied Sciences, University of
Ghana, LG 54 Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Abdoulaye A. Djimde
- Faculté
de Pharmacie, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Université des Sciences des Techniques et des
Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Postal Box 1805, Bamako, Mali,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Erhunse N, Sahal D. Protecting future antimalarials from the trap of resistance: Lessons from artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) failures. J Pharm Anal 2021; 11:541-554. [PMID: 34765267 PMCID: PMC8572664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Having faced increased clinical treatment failures with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ), Cambodia swapped the first line artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) from DHA-PPQ to artesunate-mefloquine given that parasites resistant to piperaquine are susceptible to mefloquine. However, triple mutants have now emerged, suggesting that drug rotations may not be adequate to keep resistance at bay. There is, therefore, an urgent need for alternative treatment strategies to tackle resistance and prevent its spread. A proper understanding of all contributors to artemisinin resistance may help us identify novel strategies to keep artemisinins effective until new drugs become available for their replacement. This review highlights the role of the key players in artemisinin resistance, the current strategies to deal with it and suggests ways of protecting future antimalarial drugs from bowing to resistance as their predecessors did.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nekpen Erhunse
- Malaria Drug Discovery Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo-State, Nigeria
| | - Dinkar Sahal
- Malaria Drug Discovery Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dembele L, Aniweh Y, Diallo N, Sogore F, Sangare CPO, Haidara AS, Traore A, Diakité SAS, Diakite M, Campo B, Awandare GA, Djimde AA. Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium falciparum comparative susceptibility to antimalarial drugs in Mali. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 76:2079-2087. [PMID: 34021751 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate Plasmodium malariae susceptibility to current and lead candidate antimalarial drugs. METHODS We conducted cross-sectional screening and detection of all Plasmodium species malaria cases, which were nested within a longitudinal prospective study, and an ex vivo assessment of efficacy of a panel of antimalarials against P. malariae and Plasmodium falciparum, both PCR-confirmed mono-infections. Reference compounds tested included chloroquine, lumefantrine, artemether and piperaquine, while candidate antimalarials included the imidazolopiperazine GNF179, a close analogue of KAF156, and the Plasmodium phosphatidylinositol-4-OH kinase (PI4K)-specific inhibitor KDU691. RESULTS We report a high frequency (3%-15%) of P. malariae infections with a significant reduction in ex vivo susceptibility to chloroquine, lumefantrine and artemether, which are the current frontline drugs against P. malariae infections. Unlike these compounds, potent inhibition of P. malariae and P. falciparum was observed with piperaquine exposure. Furthermore, we evaluated advanced lead antimalarial compounds. In this regard, we identified strong inhibition of P. malariae using GNF179, a close analogue of KAF156 imidazolopiperazines, which is a novel class of antimalarial drug currently in clinical Phase IIb testing. Finally, in addition to GNF179, we demonstrated that the Plasmodium PI4K-specific inhibitor KDU691 is highly inhibitory against P. malariae and P. falciparum. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that chloroquine, lumefantrine and artemether may not be suitable for the treatment of P. malariae infections and the potential of piperaquine, as well as new antimalarials imidazolopiperazines and PI4K-specific inhibitor, for P. malariae cure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Dembele
- Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB); Point G, P.O. Box: 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Yaw Aniweh
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), Volta Road, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Nouhoum Diallo
- Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB); Point G, P.O. Box: 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Fanta Sogore
- Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB); Point G, P.O. Box: 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Cheick Papa Oumar Sangare
- Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB); Point G, P.O. Box: 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Aboubecrin Sedhigh Haidara
- Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB); Point G, P.O. Box: 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Aliou Traore
- Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB); Point G, P.O. Box: 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Seidina A S Diakité
- Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB); Point G, P.O. Box: 1805, Bamako, Mali.,West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), Volta Road, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mahamadou Diakite
- Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB); Point G, P.O. Box: 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Brice Campo
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) ICC Building Entrance G, 3rd floor Route de Pré-Bois 20 Post Box 1826 CH-1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Gordon A Awandare
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), Volta Road, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Abdoulaye A Djimde
- Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB); Point G, P.O. Box: 1805, Bamako, Mali
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Owolabi ATY, Reece SE, Schneider P. Daily rhythms of both host and parasite affect antimalarial drug efficacy. Evol Med Public Health 2021; 9:208-219. [PMID: 34285807 PMCID: PMC8284615 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoab013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Circadian rhythms contribute to treatment efficacy in several non-communicable diseases. However, chronotherapy (administering drugs at a particular time-of-day) against infectious diseases has been overlooked. Yet, the daily rhythms of both hosts and disease-causing agents can impact the efficacy of drug treatment. We use the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium chabaudi, to test whether the daily rhythms of hosts, parasites and their interactions affect sensitivity to the key antimalarial, artemisinin. METHODOLOGY Asexual malaria parasites develop rhythmically in the host's blood, in a manner timed to coordinate with host daily rhythms. Our experiments coupled or decoupled the timing of parasite and host rhythms, and we administered artemisinin at different times of day to coincide with when parasites were either at an early (ring) or later (trophozoite) developmental stage. We quantified the impacts of parasite developmental stage, and alignment of parasite and host rhythms, on drug sensitivity. RESULTS We find that rings were less sensitive to artemisinin than trophozoites, and this difference was exacerbated when parasite and host rhythms were misaligned, with little direct contribution of host time-of-day on its own. Furthermore, the blood concentration of haem at the point of treatment correlated positively with artemisinin efficacy but only when parasite and host rhythms were aligned. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Parasite rhythms influence drug sensitivity in vivo. The hitherto unknown modulation by alignment between parasite and host daily rhythms suggests that disrupting the timing of parasite development could be a novel chronotherapeutic approach. LAY SUMMARY We reveal that chronotherapy (providing medicines at a particular time-of-day) could improve treatment for malaria infections. Specifically, parasites' developmental stage at the time of treatment and the coordination of timing between parasite and host both affect how well antimalarial drug treatment works.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alíz T Y Owolabi
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology & Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK,Corresponding author. Institute of Evolutionary Biology & Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, UK. Tel (office): +441316508642; E-mail:
| | - Sarah E Reece
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology & Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Petra Schneider
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology & Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reyser T, Paloque L, Ouji M, Nguyen M, Ménard S, Witkowski B, Augereau JM, Benoit-Vical F. Identification of compounds active against quiescent artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum parasites via the quiescent-stage survival assay (QSA). J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 75:2826-2834. [PMID: 32653910 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quiescence is an unconventional mechanism of Plasmodium survival, mediating artemisinin resistance. This phenomenon increases the risk of clinical failures following artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) by slowing parasite clearance and allowing the selection of parasites resistant to partner drugs. OBJECTIVES To thwart this multiresistance, the quiescent state of artemisinin-resistant parasites must be taken into consideration from the very early stages of the drug discovery process. METHODS We designed a novel phenotypic assay we have named the quiescent-stage survival assay (QSA) to assess the antiplasmodial activity of drugs on quiescent parasites. This assay was first validated on quiescent forms from different artemisinin-resistant parasite lines (laboratory strain and field isolates), using two reference drugs with different mechanisms of action: chloroquine and atovaquone. Furthermore, the efficacies of different partner drugs of artemisinins used in ACTs were investigated against both laboratory strains and field isolates from Cambodia. RESULTS Our results highlight that because of the mechanism of quiescence and the respective pharmacological targets of drugs, drug efficacies on artemisinin-resistant parasites may be different between quiescent parasites and their proliferating forms. CONCLUSIONS These data confirm the high relevance of adding the chemosensitivity evaluation of quiescent parasites by the specific in vitro QSA to the antiplasmodial drug development process in the current worrisome context of artemisinin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Reyser
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Lucie Paloque
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Manel Ouji
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Michel Nguyen
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Sandie Ménard
- UMR152 UPS-IRD, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Benoit Witkowski
- Malaria Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Pasteur Institute in Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Jean-Michel Augereau
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Françoise Benoit-Vical
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France.,INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Scientifique, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lead Optimization of Dehydroemetine for Repositioned Use in Malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:AAC.01444-19. [PMID: 31964796 PMCID: PMC7179302 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01444-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug repositioning offers an effective alternative to de novo drug design to tackle the urgent need for novel antimalarial treatments. The antiamoebic compound emetine dihydrochloride has been identified as a potent in vitro inhibitor of the multidrug-resistant strain K1 of Plasmodium falciparum (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50], 47 nM ± 2.1 nM [mean ± standard deviation]). Dehydroemetine, a synthetic analogue of emetine dihydrochloride, has been reported to have less-cardiotoxic effects than emetine. Drug repositioning offers an effective alternative to de novo drug design to tackle the urgent need for novel antimalarial treatments. The antiamoebic compound emetine dihydrochloride has been identified as a potent in vitro inhibitor of the multidrug-resistant strain K1 of Plasmodium falciparum (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50], 47 nM ± 2.1 nM [mean ± standard deviation]). Dehydroemetine, a synthetic analogue of emetine dihydrochloride, has been reported to have less-cardiotoxic effects than emetine. The structures of two diastereomers of dehydroemetine were modeled on the published emetine binding site on the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure with PDB code 3J7A (P. falciparum 80S ribosome in complex with emetine), and it was found that (−)-R,S-dehydroemetine mimicked the bound pose of emetine more closely than did (−)-S,S-dehydroisoemetine. (−)-R,S-dehydroemetine (IC50 71.03 ± 6.1 nM) was also found to be highly potent against the multidrug-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum compared with (−)-S,S-dehydroisoemetine (IC50, 2.07 ± 0.26 μM), which loses its potency due to the change of configuration at C-1′. In addition to its effect on the asexual erythrocytic stages of P. falciparum, the compound exhibited gametocidal properties with no cross-resistance against any of the multidrug-resistant strains tested. Drug interaction studies showed (−)-R,S-dehydroemetine to have synergistic antimalarial activity with atovaquone and proguanil. Emetine dihydrochloride and (−)-R,S-dehydroemetine failed to show any inhibition of the hERG potassium channel and displayed activity affecting the mitochondrial membrane potential, indicating a possible multimodal mechanism of action.
Collapse
|
11
|
Barrett MP, Kyle DE, Sibley LD, Radke JB, Tarleton RL. Protozoan persister-like cells and drug treatment failure. Nat Rev Microbiol 2019; 17:607-620. [PMID: 31444481 PMCID: PMC7024564 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-019-0238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial treatment failure threatens our ability to control infections. In addition to antimicrobial resistance, treatment failures are increasingly understood to derive from cells that survive drug treatment without selection of genetically heritable mutations. Parasitic protozoa, such as Plasmodium species that cause malaria, Toxoplasma gondii and kinetoplastid protozoa, including Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp., cause millions of deaths globally. These organisms can evolve drug resistance and they also exhibit phenotypic diversity, including the formation of quiescent or dormant forms that contribute to the establishment of long-term infections that are refractory to drug treatment, which we refer to as 'persister-like cells'. In this Review, we discuss protozoan persister-like cells that have been linked to persistent infections and discuss their impact on therapeutic outcomes following drug treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Barrett
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Dennis E Kyle
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - L David Sibley
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua B Radke
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rick L Tarleton
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Koller R, Mombo-Ngoma G, Grobusch MP. The early preclinical and clinical development of ganaplacide (KAF156), a novel antimalarial compound. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2018; 27:803-810. [PMID: 30223692 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2018.1524871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ganaplacide (previously known as KAF156) is a novel antimalarial compound part of the imidazolopiperazine family. AREAS COVERED At the time of writing, a total of eight studies addressing its preclinical and clinical development have been published on this compound, which is currently in phase 2 of clinical development, alongside lumefantrine in a novel soluble formulation as combination partner. This review provides an overview and interpretation of the published pre-clinical and clinical data of this possible next-generation antimalarial drug. EXPERT OPINION In the search for a 'magic bullet' in malaria therapy and prophylaxis facilitating single encounter radical cure and prophylaxis, ganaplacide demonstrates some promising properties toward this ultimate goal. The available data suggest that ganaplacide exerts multi-stage antimalarial activity, and that its pharmacokinetic profile potentially allows for a simplified dosing regimen compared to that of existing antimalarial drug combinations. The first in-patient results demonstrate promising single-dose antimalarial activity, and no serious in-human safety and tolerability concerns have been reported to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Koller
- a Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases , Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,b Centre de Recherches Médicales en Lambaréné (CERMEL) , Lambaréné , Gabon
| | - Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma
- b Centre de Recherches Médicales en Lambaréné (CERMEL) , Lambaréné , Gabon.,c Institute of Tropical Medicine , University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.,d Department of Tropical Medicine , Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I. Department of Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany.,e Department of Parasitology , Université des Sciences de la Santé , Libreville , Gabon
| | - Martin P Grobusch
- a Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases , Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,b Centre de Recherches Médicales en Lambaréné (CERMEL) , Lambaréné , Gabon.,c Institute of Tropical Medicine , University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.,f Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine , University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa.,g Masanga Medical Research Unit , Masanga , Sierra Leone
| |
Collapse
|