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Slade-Vitković M, Batarilo I, Bielen L, Maravić-Vlahoviček G, Bedenić B. In Vitro Antibiofilm Activity of Fosfomycin Alone and in Combination with Other Antibiotics against Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:769. [PMID: 38931436 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to its rapid resistance development and ability to form biofilms, treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections is becoming more complicated by the day. Drug combinations may help reduce both resistance and biofilm formation. METHODS Using the microtiter plate assay, we investigated the in vitro inhibition of biofilm formation and the disruption of preformed biofilms in multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in the presence of peak plasma levels of eight antipseudomonal antibiotics alone and in combination with fosfomycin: ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefepime, imipenem, gentamicin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin and colistin. RESULTS Combination therapy was significantly superior to monotherapy in its inhibition of biofilm formation. The highest inhibition rates were observed for combinations with colistin, cefepime and ceftazidime. CONCLUSION Our results support fosfomycin combination therapy as an enhanced prophylactic option. Moreover, combinations with β-lactam antibiotics and colistin demonstrated a more potent inhibition effect on biofilm formation than protein synthesis inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Slade-Vitković
- Microbiology Department, Croatian Institute of Transfusion Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivanka Batarilo
- Microbiology Department, Croatian Institute of Transfusion Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luka Bielen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Maravić-Vlahoviček
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Branka Bedenić
- Clinical Department for Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Biomedical Research Center Šalata-BIMIS, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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2
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Allend SO, Oliveira Garcia M, da Cunha KF, de Albernaz DTF, Panagio LA, Nakazaro G, Reis GF, Oliveira TL, Neto ACPS, Hartwig DD. The synergic and addictive activity of biogenic silver nanoparticle associated with meropenem against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae046. [PMID: 38383758 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Antibiotic management of infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii often fails due to antibiotic resistance (especially to carbapenems) and biofilm-forming strains. Thus, the objective here was to evaluate in vitro the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of biogenic silver nanoparticle (Bio-AgNP) combined with meropenem, against multidrug-resistant isolates of A. baumannii. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, A. baumannii ATCC® 19606™ and four carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (Ab) strains were used. The antibacterial activity of Bio-AgNP and meropenem was evaluated through broth microdilution. The effect of the Bio-AgNP association with meropenem was determined by the checkboard method. Also, the time-kill assay and the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane were evaluated. Furthermore, the antibiofilm activity of Bio-AgNP and meropenem alone and in combination was determined. Bio-AgNP has antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration ranging from 0.46 to 1.87 μg ml-1. The combination of Bio-AgNP and meropenem showed a synergistic and additive effect against Ab strains, and Bio-AgNP was able to reduce the MIC of meropenem from 4- to 8-fold. Considering the time-kill of the cell, meropenem and Bio-AgNP when used in combination reduced bacterial load to undetectable levels within 10 min to 24 h after treatment. Protein leakage was observed in all treatments evaluated. When combined, meropenem/Bio-AgNP presents biofilm inhibition for Ab2 isolate and ATCC® 19606™, with 21% and 19%, and disrupts the biofilm from 22% to 50%, respectively. The increase in nonviable cells in the biofilm can be observed after treatment with Bio-AgNP and meropenem in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strains. CONCLUSIONS The combination of Bio-AgNP with meropenem can be a therapeutic option in the treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzane Olachea Allend
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelle Oliveira Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Kamila Furtado da Cunha
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Déborah Trota Farias de Albernaz
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Gerson Nakazaro
- Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, CEP 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Fonseca Reis
- Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, CEP 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Thaís Larré Oliveira
- Biotechnology Nucleus, Technological Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Amilton Clair Pinto Seixas Neto
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiane Drawanz Hartwig
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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3
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Santos LM, Rodrigues DM, Alves BVB, Kalil MA, Azevedo V, Barh D, Meyer R, Duran N, Tasic L, Portela RW. Activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles in planktonic and biofilm-associated Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16751. [PMID: 38406288 PMCID: PMC10885795 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a gram-positive bacterium and is the etiologic agent of caseous lymphadenitis (CL) in small ruminants. This disease is characterized by the development of encapsulated granulomas in visceral and superficial lymph nodes, and its clinical treatment is refractory to antibiotic therapy. An important virulence factor of the Corynebacterium genus is the ability to produce biofilm; however, little is known about the characteristics of the biofilm produced by C. pseudotuberculosis and its resistance to antimicrobials. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered as promising antimicrobial agents, and are known to have several advantages, such as a broad-spectrum activity, low resistance induction potential, and antibiofilm activity. Therefore, we evaluate herein the activity of AgNPs in C. pseudotuberculosis, through the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), antibiofilm activity, and visualization of AgNP-treated and AgNP-untreated biofilm through scanning electron microscopy. The AgNPs were able to completely inhibit bacterial growth and inactivate C. pseudotuberculosis at concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 0.312 mg/mL. The AgNPs reduced the formation of biofilm in reference strains and clinical isolates of C. pseudotuberculosis, with interference values greater than 80% at a concentration of 4 mg/mL, controlling the change between the planktonic and biofilm-associated forms, and preventing fixation and colonization. Scanning electron microscopy images showed a significant disruptive activity of AgNP on the consolidated biofilms. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of AgNPs as an effective therapeutic agent against CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laerte Marlon Santos
- Instituto de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Vasco Azevedo
- Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, West Bengal, India
| | - Roberto Meyer
- Instituto de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Nelson Duran
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ljubica Tasic
- Instituto de Quimica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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4
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Ni Q, Zhu T, Wang W, Guo D, Li Y, Chen T, Zhang X. Green Synthesis of Narrow-Size Silver Nanoparticles Using Ginkgo biloba Leaves: Condition Optimization, Characterization, and Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1913. [PMID: 38339192 PMCID: PMC10856183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products derived from medicinal plants offer convenience and therapeutic potential and have inspired the development of antimicrobial agents. Thus, it is worth exploring the combination of nanotechnology and natural products. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from the leaf extract of Ginkgo biloba (Gb), having abundant flavonoid compounds. The reaction conditions and the colloidal stability were assessed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the AgNPs. AgNPs exhibited a spherical morphology, uniform dispersion, and diameter ranging from ~8 to 9 nm. The FTIR data indicated that phytoconstituents, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and terpenoids, could potentially serve as reducing and capping agents. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized AgNPs was assessed using broth dilution and agar well diffusion assays. The results demonstrate antibacterial effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains at low AgNP concentrations. The cytotoxicity of AgNPs was examined in vitro using the CCK-8 method, which showed that low concentrations of AgNPs are noncytotoxic to normal cells and promote cell growth. In conclusion, an environmentally friendly approach for synthesizing AgNPs from Gb leaves yielded antibacterial AgNPs with minimal toxicity, holding promise for future applications in the field of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ni
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Q.N.); (T.Z.); (W.W.); (D.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Ting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Q.N.); (T.Z.); (W.W.); (D.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Q.N.); (T.Z.); (W.W.); (D.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Dongdong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Q.N.); (T.Z.); (W.W.); (D.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Yixiao Li
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China;
| | - Tianyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Q.N.); (T.Z.); (W.W.); (D.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China;
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5
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Rano S, Bhaduri A, Singh M. Nanoparticle-based platforms for targeted drug delivery to the pulmonary system as therapeutics to curb cystic fibrosis: A review. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 217-218:106876. [PMID: 38135160 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder of the respiratory system caused by mutation of the Cystic Fibrosis Trans-Membrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene that affects a huge number of people worldwide. It results in difficulty breathing due to a large accumulation of mucus in the respiratory tract, resulting in serious bacterial infections, and subsequent death. Traditional drug-based treatments face hindered penetration at the site of action due to the thick mucus layer. Nanotechnology offers possibilities for developing advanced and effective treatment platforms by focusing on drugs that can penetrate the dense mucus layer, fighting against the underlying bacterial infections, and targeting the genetic cause of the disease. In this review, current nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery platforms for CF, challenges in therapeutics, and future prospects have been highlighted. The effectiveness of the different types of nano-based systems conjugated with various drugs to combat the symptoms and the challenges of treating CF are brought into focus. The toxic effects of these nano-medicines and the various factors that are responsible for their effectiveness are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Rano
- Department of Biotechnology, Haldia Institute of Technology, HIT Campus, Purba Medinipur, Haldia 721657, West Bengal, India; In-vitro Biology, Aragen Life Sciences, Hyderabad 500076, Telangana, India
| | - Ahana Bhaduri
- Department of Biotechnology, Haldia Institute of Technology, HIT Campus, Purba Medinipur, Haldia 721657, West Bengal, India
| | - Mukesh Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Haldia Institute of Technology, HIT Campus, Purba Medinipur, Haldia 721657, West Bengal, India; Department of Botany, Kabi Nazrul College, Murarai, Birbhum 731219 (West Bengal), India.
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6
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Konda S, Batchu UR, Nagendla NK, Velpula S, Matta S, Rupula K, Reddy Shetty P, Mudiam MKR. Silver Nanoparticles Induced Metabolic Perturbations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Evaluation Using the UPLC-QTof-MS E Platform. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:20-32. [PMID: 38133952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely utilized in various biomedical and antimicrobial technologies, displaying broad-spectrum activities against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria including multidrug-resistant strains. However, the emergence of resistance to AgNPs upon repeated exposure and the survival of bacteria after initial exposure to antimicrobial agents pose a threat, as they may lead to the development of new resistant populations. To combat the early stages of antibacterial resistance, systematic analysis is essential to understand the immediate response of bacteria to antimicrobial agents. In this study, green-synthesized AgNPs with a diameter of approximately 14 nm were exposed toPseudomonas aeruginosaat three different inhibitory concentrations and at two different time intervals (1 and 4 h) to investigate the perturbations in the metabolome using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. MetaboAnalyst 5.0 was employed for univariate and multivariate analysis, and the affected metabolic pathways were constructed using a variable important in projection scores above 1 from PLS-DA. The study revealed significant alterations in metabolites associated with cell wall synthesis, energy metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, the TCA cycle, and anaplerotic intermediates of the TCA cycle. Our investigation aimed to comprehensively understand the effects of green-synthesized AgNPs onP. aeruginosa metabolism, providing a more precise snapshot of the bacterium's physiological state through metabolomics approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyanand Konda
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Analytical & Structural Chemistry Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Uma Rajeswari Batchu
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Nagendla
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Analytical & Structural Chemistry Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Suresh Velpula
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Sujitha Matta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Analytical & Structural Chemistry Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Karuna Rupula
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Prakasham Reddy Shetty
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Mohana Krishna Reddy Mudiam
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Analytical & Structural Chemistry Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Analytica Division, Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology (IPFT), Sector-20, Udyog Vihar, Gurugram 122016, Haryana, India
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7
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Menichetti A, Mavridi-Printezi A, Mordini D, Montalti M. Effect of Size, Shape and Surface Functionalization on the Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14050244. [PMID: 37233354 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14050244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most investigated antibacterial agents against multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens. They can lead to cellular death by means of different mechanisms, damaging several cell compartments, from the external membrane, to enzymes, DNA and proteins; this simultaneous attack amplifies the toxic effect on bacteria with respect to traditional antibiotics. The effectiveness of AgNPs against MDR bacteria is strongly correlated with their chemical and morphological properties, which influence the pathways involved in cellular damage. In this review, AgNPs' size, shape and modification by functional groups or other materials are reported, both to investigate the different synthetic pathways correlated with nanoparticles' modifications and to evaluate the related effect on their antibacterial activity. Indeed, understanding the synthetic conditions for obtaining performing antibacterial AgNPs could help to tailor new and improved silver-based agents to combat multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Menichetti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Dario Mordini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Montalti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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8
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Agustín MDR, Stengel P, Kellermeier M, Tücking KS, Müller M. Monitoring Growth and Removal of Pseudomonas Biofilms on Cellulose-Based Fabrics. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040892. [PMID: 37110314 PMCID: PMC10143030 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are often tolerant towards routine cleaning and disinfection processes. As they can grow on fabrics in household or healthcare settings, resulting in odors and serious health problems, it is necessary to contain biofilms through eradication strategies. The current study proposes a novel test model for the growth and removal of biofilms on textiles with Pseudomonas fluorescens and the opportunistic nosocomial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa as model organisms. To assess the biofilm removal on fabrics, (1) a detergent-based, (2) enzyme-based, and (3) combined formulation of both detergent and enzymes (F1/2) were applied. Biofilms were analyzed microscopically (FE-SEM, SEM, 3D laser scanning- and epifluorescence microscopy), via a quartz crystal microbalance with mass dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) as well as plate counting of colonies. This study indicated that Pseudomonas spp. form robust biofilms on woven cellulose that can be efficiently removed via F1/2, proven by a significant reduction (p < 0.001) of viable bacteria in biofilms. Moreover, microscopic analysis indicated a disruption and almost complete removal of the biofilms after F1/2 treatment. QCM-D measurements further confirmed a maximal mass dissipation change after applying F1/2. The combination strategy applying both enzymes and detergent is a promising antibiofilm approach to remove bacteria from fabrics.
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Tiwari R, Pathak K. Local Drug Delivery Strategies towards Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020634. [PMID: 36839956 PMCID: PMC9964694 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A particular biological process known as wound healing is connected to the overall phenomena of growth and tissue regeneration. Several cellular and matrix elements work together to restore the integrity of injured tissue. The goal of the present review paper focused on the physiology of wound healing, medications used to treat wound healing, and local drug delivery systems for possible skin wound therapy. The capacity of the skin to heal a wound is the result of a highly intricate process that involves several different processes, such as vascular response, blood coagulation, fibrin network creation, re-epithelialisation, collagen maturation, and connective tissue remodelling. Wound healing may be controlled with topical antiseptics, topical antibiotics, herbal remedies, and cellular initiators. In order to effectively eradicate infections and shorten the healing process, contemporary antimicrobial treatments that include antibiotics or antiseptics must be investigated. A variety of delivery systems were described, including innovative delivery systems, hydrogels, microspheres, gold and silver nanoparticles, vesicles, emulsifying systems, nanofibres, artificial dressings, three-dimensional printed skin replacements, dendrimers and carbon nanotubes. It may be inferred that enhanced local delivery methods might be used to provide wound healing agents for faster healing of skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Tiwari
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kanpur 208020, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kamla Pathak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah 206130, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Correspondence:
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Ferreira AM, Vikulina A, Loughlin M, Volodkin D. How similar is the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles coated with different capping agents? †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10542-10555. [PMID: 37021104 PMCID: PMC10068916 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00917c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) represent one of the most commercialised metal nanomaterials, with an extensive number of applications that span from antimicrobial products to electronics. Bare AgNPs are very susceptible to aggregation, and capping agents are required for their protection and stabilisation. The capping agents can endow new characteristics which can either improve or deteriorate AgNPs (bio)activity. In the present work, five different capping agents were studied as stabilizing agents for AgNPs: trisodium citrate (citrate), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), dextran (Dex), diethylaminoethyl-dextran (DexDEAE) and carboxymethyl-dextran (DexCM). The properties of the AgNPs were studied using a set of methods, including transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and ultraviolet-visible and infrared spectroscopy. Coated and bare AgNPs were also tested against Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to analyse their capacity to suppress bacterial growth and eradicate biofilms of clinically relevant bacteria. The results showed that all the capping agents endow long-term stability for the AgNPs in water; however, when the AgNPs are in bacterial culture media, their stability is highly dependent on the capping agent properties due to the presence of electrolytes and charged macromolecules such as proteins. The results also showed that the capping agents have a substantial impact on the antibacterial activity of the AgNPs. The AgNPs coated with the Dex and DexCM were the most effective against the three strains, due to their better stability which resulted in the release of more silver ions, better interactions with the bacteria and diffusion into the biofilms. It is hypothesized that the antibacterial activity of capped AgNPs is governed by a balance between the AgNPs stability and their ability to release silver ions. Strong adsorption of capping agents like PVP on the AgNPs endows higher colloidal stability in culture media; however, it can decrease the rate of Ag+ release from the AgNPs and reduce the antibacterial performance. Overall, this work presents a comparative study between different capping agents on the properties and antibacterial activity of AgNPs, highlighting the importance of the capping agent in their stability and bioactivity. Nanosilver antibacterial activity is governed by a balance between the nanosilver stability and their ability to release/dope Ag+ to solution.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Ferreira
- School of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry and Forensics, Nottingham Trent UniversityClifton LaneNottingham NG11 8NSUK
| | - Anna Vikulina
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Dr-Mack-Straße, 7790762 FürthGermany
| | - Michael Loughlin
- School of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry and Forensics, Nottingham Trent UniversityClifton LaneNottingham NG11 8NSUK
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- School of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry and Forensics, Nottingham Trent UniversityClifton LaneNottingham NG11 8NSUK
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11
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Tawre MS, Shiledar A, Satpute SK, Ahire K, Ghosh S, Pardesi K. Synergistic and antibiofilm potential of Curcuma aromatica derived silver nanoparticles in combination with antibiotics against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Front Chem 2022; 10:1029056. [PMID: 36438875 PMCID: PMC9682076 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1029056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hospital acquired infections caused due to ESKAPE pathogens pose a challenge for treatment due to their growing antimicrobial resistance. Curcuma aromatica (CA) is traditionally known for its antibacterial, wound healing and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study highlights the biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (CAAgNPs) capped and stabilized by the compounds from CA rhizome extract, also further demonstrating their antibacterial, antibiofilm and synergistic effects against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. CAAgNPs were synthesized using aqueous rhizome extract of CA (5 mg/ml) and AgNO3 (0.8 mM) incubated at 60°C up to 144 h. UV-vis spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed CAAgNPs with characteristic peak at 430 nm, 13 ± 5 nm size of spherical shape, showing presence of silver and crystalline nature, respectively. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential confirmed their monodispersed nature with average diameter of 77.88 ± 48.60 nm and stability. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis demonstrated the presence of phenolic -OH and carbonyl groups possibly involved in the reduction and stabilization of CAAgNPs. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) and minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs) of CAAgNPs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, NCIM 5029 and PAW1, and, Staphylococcus aureus, NCIM 5021 and S8 were in range from 8 to 128 μg/ml. Almost 50% disruption of pre-formed biofilms at concentrations 8-1,024 μg/ml was observed. Fluorescence microscopy and FESEM analysis confirmed cell death and disruption of pre-formed biofilms of P. aeruginosa PAW1 and S. aureus S8. Checkerboard assay demonstrated the synergistic effect of CAAgNPs (0.125-4 μg/ml) in combination with various antibiotics (0.063-1,024 μg/ml) against planktonic and biofilm forms of P. aeruginosa PAW1. The study confirms the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of CAAgNPs alone and in combination with antibiotics against MDR pathogens, thus, reducing the dose as well as toxicity of both. CAAgNPs have the potential to be used in wound dressings and ointments, and to improve the performances of medical devices and surgical implants. In vivo toxicity of CAAgNPs however needs to be tested further using mice models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita S. Tawre
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aishwarya Shiledar
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Surekha K. Satpute
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kedar Ahire
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sougata Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Science, RK University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Karishma Pardesi
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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12
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Matras E, Gorczyca A, Przemieniecki SW, Oćwieja M. Surface properties-dependent antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18046. [PMID: 36302952 PMCID: PMC9613916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22659-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit unusual biocidal properties thanks to which they find a wide range of applications in diverse fields of science and industry. Numerous research studies have been devoted to the bactericidal properties of AgNPs while less attention has been focused on their fungicidal activity. Our studies were therefore oriented toward determining the impact of AgNPs characterized by different physicochemical properties on Fusarium avenaceum and Fusarium equiseti. The main hypothesis assumed that the fungicidal properties of AgNPs characterized by comparable morphology can be shaped by stabilizing agent molecules adsorbed on nanoparticle surfaces. Two types of AgNPs were prepared by the reduction of silver ions with sodium borohydride (SB) in the presence of trisodium citrate (TC) or cysteamine hydrochloride (CH). Both types of AgNPs exhibited a quasi-spherical shape. Citrate-stabilized AgNPs (TCSB-AgNPs) of an average size of 15 ± 4 nm were negatively charged. Smaller (12 ± 4 nm), cysteamine-capped AgNPs (CHSB-AgNPs) were characterized by a positive surface charge and higher silver ion release profile. The phytopathogens were exposed to the AgNPs in three doses equal to 2.5, 5 and 10 mg L-1 over 24 and 240 h. Additionally, the impact of silver ions delivered in the form of silver nitrate and the stabilizing agents of AgNPs on the fungi was also investigated. The response of phytopathogens to these treatments was evaluated by determining mycelial growth, sporulation and changes in the cell morphology. The results of our studies showed that CHSB-AgNPs, especially at a concentration of 10 mg L-1, strongly limited the vegetative mycelium growth of both species for short and long treatment times. The cell imaging revealed that CHSB-AgNPs damaged the conidia membranes and penetrated into the cells, while TCSB-AgNPs were deposited on their surface. The fungistatic (lethal) effect was demonstrated only for silver ions at the highest concentration for the F. equiseti species in the 240 h treatment. The number of spores of both Fusarium species was significantly reduced independently of the type of silver compounds used. Generally, it was found that the positively charged CHSB-AgNPs were more fungicidal than negatively charged TCSB-AgNPs. Thereby, it was established that the stabilizing agents of AgNPs and surface charge play a crucial role in the shaping of their fungicidal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Matras
- grid.410701.30000 0001 2150 7124Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Mickiewicz Ave. 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Gorczyca
- grid.410701.30000 0001 2150 7124Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Mickiewicz Ave. 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magdalena Oćwieja
- grid.413454.30000 0001 1958 0162Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
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13
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Mateo EM, Jiménez M. Silver Nanoparticle-Based Therapy: Can It Be Useful to Combat Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria? Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091205. [PMID: 36139984 PMCID: PMC9495113 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review focuses on the potential use of silver nanoparticles in the therapy of diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Such bacteria are known as “superbugs”, and the most concerning species are Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin and vancomycin-resistant), and some Enterobacteriaceae. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there is an urgent need for new treatments against these “superbugs”. One of the possible approaches in the treatment of these species is the use of antibacterial nanoparticles. After a short overview of nanoparticle usage, mechanisms of action, and methods of synthesis of nanoparticles, emphasis has been placed on the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to combat the most relevant emerging resistant bacteria. The toxicological aspects of the AgNPs, both in vitro using cell cultures and in vivo have been reviewed. It was found that toxic activity of AgNPs is dependent on dose, size, shape, and electrical charge. The mechanism of action of AgNPs involves interactions at various levels such as plasma membrane, DNA replication, inactivation of protein/enzymes necessary, and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to cell death. Researchers do not always agree in their conclusions on the topic and more work is needed in this field before AgNPs can be effectively applied in clinical therapy to combat multi-drug resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M. Mateo
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Universitat de Valencia, E-46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Misericordia Jiménez
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universitat de Valencia, E-46100 Valencia, Spain
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14
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Various Coated Barrier Membranes for Better Guided Bone Regeneration: A Review. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12081059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A good barrier membrane is one of the important factors for effective guided bone/tissue regeneration (GBR/GTR) in the case of periodontal bone defects. Several methods are being discussed to overcome and improve the shortcomings of commercially available membranes. One of the methods is to coat the membrane with bioactive materials. In this study, 41 studies related to coated membranes for GBR/GTR published in the last 5 years were reviewed. These studies reported coating the membrane with various bioactive materials through different techniques to improve osteogenesis, antimicrobial properties, and physical/mechanical properties. The reported studies have been classified and discussed based on the purpose of coating. The goal of the most actively studied research on coating or surface modification of membranes is to improve new bone formation. For this purpose, calcium phosphate, bioactive glass, polydopamine, osteoinduced drugs, chitosan, platelet-rich fibrin, enamel matrix derivatives, amelotin, hyaluronic acid, tantalum, and copper were used as membrane coating materials. The paradigm of barrier membranes is changing from only inert (or biocompatible) physical barriers to bioactive osteo-immunomodulatory for effective guided bone and tissue regeneration. However, there is a limitation that there exists only a few clinical studies on humans to date. Efforts are needed to implement the use of coated membranes from the laboratory bench to the dental chair unit. Further clinical studies are needed in the patients’ group for long-term follow-up to confirm the effect of various coating materials.
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15
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Liverpool Epidemic Strain Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Display High Levels of Antimicrobial Resistance during Both Planktonic and Biofilm Growth. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0102422. [PMID: 35658710 PMCID: PMC9241699 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01024-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight isolates of the Liverpool epidemic strain (LES) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa have previously been characterized using comparative genomics and preliminary phenotypic assays. Here, we extend the characterization of these clinically relevant P. aeruginosa isolates with planktonic and biofilm growth assays and analysis of antibiotic susceptibility for both planktonic and biofilm cultures. Laboratory strains PAO1 and PA14 were included as comparator strains. Antibiotic susceptibility to eight classes of antibiotics was determined. MICs were determined to measure susceptibility of planktonic cultures, and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assays were used to estimate levels of resistance during the production of biofilm. LES isolates had high levels of resistance compared with laboratory reference strains when grown planktonically (up to nine 2-fold dilutions higher), and resistance was increased in the biofilm mode of growth. Measurements of biofilm biomass in the MBEC assays showed that certain isolates often show increased biofilm biomass in the presence of antibiotics. IMPORTANCEPseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen with high intrinsic antibiotic resistance. This resistance is typically increased in clinical isolates through adaptations to the host and production of small-colony variants (SCVs) and when P. aeruginosa forms biofilms, which are surface-attached communities that are protected by a self-produced matrix. Understanding the combination of SCVs, biofilm production, and the diversity of drug resistance phenotypes in clinical isolates can lead to improved treatments for P. aeruginosa infections.
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16
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Tripathi N, Goshisht MK. Recent Advances and Mechanistic Insights into Antibacterial Activity, Antibiofilm Activity, and Cytotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1391-1463. [PMID: 35358388 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The substantial increase in multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria is a major threat to global health. Recently, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported possibilities of greater deaths due to bacterial infections than cancer. Nanomaterials, especially small-sized (size ≤10 nm) silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), can be employed to combat these deadly bacterial diseases. However, high reactivity, instability, susceptibility to fast oxidation, and cytotoxicity remain crucial shortcomings for their uptake and clinical application. In this review, we discuss various AgNPs-based approaches to eradicate bacterial infections and provide comprehensive mechanistic insights and recent advances in antibacterial activity, antibiofilm activity, and cytotoxicity (both in vitro and in vivo) of AgNPs. The mechanistic of antimicrobial activity involves four steps: (i) adhesion of AgNPs to cell wall/membrane and its disruption; (ii) intracellular penetration and damage; (iii) oxidative stress; and (iv) modulation of signal transduction pathways. Numerous factors affecting the bactericidal activity of AgNPs such as shape, size, crystallinity, pH, and surface coating/charge have also been described in detail. The review also sheds light on antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and the role of AgNPs versus Ag+ ions release in bactericidal activities. In addition, different methods of synthesis of AgNPs have been discussed in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Goshisht
- Department of Chemistry, Government Naveen College Tokapal, Bastar, Chhattisgarh 494442, India
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17
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Goh SCK, Wu W, Siah CF, Phee DKY, Liu A, Tay BK. Surface disinfection with silver loaded pencil graphite prepared with green UV photoreduction technique. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:235602. [PMID: 35158341 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac54dd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based materials have been studied for their antimicrobial properties. Previously, most antimicrobial studies are investigated with suspended nanoparticles in a liquid medium. Most works are often carried out with highly ordered pyrolytic graphite. These materials are expensive and are not viable for mass use on high-touch surfaces. Additionally, highly antimicrobial silver nanoparticles are often incorporated onto substrates by chemical reduction. At times, harmful chemicals are used. In this work, low-cost graphite pencils are mechanically exfoliated and transferred onto Si substrates. The sparsely-covered graphite flakes are treated by either plasma O2or UV irradiation. Subsequently, Ag is photo reduced in the presence of UV onto selected graphite flake samples. It is found that graphite flake surface topography and defects are dependent on the treatment process. High surface roughness and (defects density,ID/IG) are induced by plasma O2follows by UV and pristine graphite flake as follows: 6.45 nm (0.62), 4.96 nm (0.5), 3.79 nm (0.47). Antimicrobial tests withE. colireveal high killing efficiency by photoreduced Ag-on-graphite flake. The reversible effect of Ag leaching can be compensated by repeating the photoreduction process. This work proposes that UV treatment is a promising technique over that of plasma O2in view that the latter treated surface could repel bacteria resulting in lower bacteria-killing efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Chun Kiat Goh
- CINTRA, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
- School of Electrical and Electronic, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wenshuai Wu
- School of Electrical and Electronic, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chun Fei Siah
- School of Electrical and Electronic, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Derek Keng Yang Phee
- School of Electrical and Electronic, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Aiqun Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Beng Kang Tay
- CINTRA, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
- School of Electrical and Electronic, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
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18
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Piktel E, Wnorowska U, Depciuch J, Łysik D, Cieśluk M, Fiedoruk K, Mystkowska J, Parlińska-Wojtan M, Janmey PA, Bucki R. N-Acetyl-Cysteine Increases Activity of Peanut-Shaped Gold Nanoparticles Against Biofilms Formed by Clinical Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Sputum of Cystic Fibrosis Patients. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:851-871. [PMID: 35281576 PMCID: PMC8906902 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s348357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by bacteria, as they form a biofilm, determine the stability and viscoelastic properties of biofilms and prevent antibiotics from penetrating this multicellular structure. To date, studies demonstrated that an appropriate optimization of the chemistry and morphology of nanotherapeutics might provide a favorable approach to control their interaction with EPS and/or diffusion within the biofilm matrix. Targeting the biofilms’ EPS, which in certain conditions can adopt liquid crystal structure, was demonstrated to improve the anti-biofilm activity of antibiotics and nanoparticles. A similar effect is achievable by interfering EPS’ production by mucoactive agents, such as N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). In our previous study, we demonstrated the nanogram efficiency of non-spherical gold nanoparticles, which due to their physicochemical features, particularly morphology, were noted to be superior in antimicrobial activity compared to their spherical-shaped counterparts. Methods To explore the importance of EPS matrix modulation in achieving a suitable efficiency of peanut-shaped gold nanoparticles (AuP NPs) against biofilms produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients, fluorescence microscopy, as well as resazurin staining were employed. Rheological parameters of AuP NPs-treated biofilms were investigated by rotational and creep-recovery tests using a rheometer in a plate-plate arrangement. Results We demonstrated that tested nanoparticles significantly inhibit the growth of mono- and mixed-species biofilms, particularly when combined with NAC. Notably, gold nanopeanuts were shown to decrease the viscosity and increase the creep compliance of Pseudomonas biofilm, similarly to EPS-targeting NAC. Synergistic activity of AuP NPs with tobramycin was also observed, and the AuP NPs were able to eradicate bacteria within biofilms formed by tobramycin-resistant isolates. Conclusion We propose that peanut-shaped gold nanoparticles should be considered as a potent therapeutic agent against Pseudomonas biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Piktel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222, Poland
| | - Urszula Wnorowska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222, Poland
| | - Joanna Depciuch
- Institute of Nuclear Physic, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, PL-31342, Poland
| | - Dawid Łysik
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, 15-351, Poland
| | - Mateusz Cieśluk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Fiedoruk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222, Poland
| | - Joanna Mystkowska
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, 15-351, Poland
| | | | - Paul A Janmey
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222, Poland
- Correspondence: Robert Bucki, Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, Bialystok, 15-222, Poland, Tel + 48 85 748 5793, Email
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19
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Khina AG, Krutyakov YA. Similarities and Differences in the Mechanism of Antibacterial Action of Silver Ions and Nanoparticles. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683821060053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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20
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Mann R, Holmes A, McNeilly O, Cavaliere R, Sotiriou GA, Rice SA, Gunawan C. Evolution of biofilm-forming pathogenic bacteria in the presence of nanoparticles and antibiotic: adaptation phenomena and cross-resistance. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:291. [PMID: 34579731 PMCID: PMC8474960 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment of bacterial biofilms are difficult and in many cases, expensive. Bacterial biofilms are naturally more resilient to antimicrobial agents than their free-living planktonic counterparts, rendering the community growth harder to control. The present work described the risks of long-term use of an important alternative antimicrobial, silver nanoparticles (NAg), for the first time, on the dominant mode of bacterial growth. Results NAg could inhibit the formation as well as eradicating an already grown biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogen notorious for its resilience to antibiotics. The biofilm-forming bacterium however, evolved a reduced sensitivity to the nanoparticle. Evidence suggests that survival is linked to the development of persister cells within the population. A similar adaptation was also seen upon prolonged exposures to ionic silver (Ag+). The persister population resumed normal growth after subsequent passage in the absence of silver, highlighting the potential risks of recurrent infections with long-term NAg (and Ag+) treatments of biofilm growth. The present study further observed a potential silver/antibiotic cross-resistance, whereby NAg (as well as Ag+) could not eradicate an already growing gentamicin-resistant P. aeruginosa biofilm. The phenomena is thought to result from the hindered biofilm penetration of the silver species. In contrast, both silver formulations inhibited biofilm formation of the resistant strain, presenting a promising avenue for the control of biofilm-forming antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Conclusion The findings signify the importance to study the nanoparticle adaptation phenomena in the biofilm mode of bacterial growth, which are apparently unique to those already reported with the planktonic growth counterparts. This work sets the foundation for future studies in other globally significant bacterial pathogens when present as biofilms. Scientifically based strategies for management of pathogenic growth is necessary, particularly in this era of increasing antibiotic resistance. Graphic abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-021-01027-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riti Mann
- The iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Amy Holmes
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Oliver McNeilly
- The iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Rosalia Cavaliere
- The iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Georgios A Sotiriou
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Scott A Rice
- The iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cindy Gunawan
- The iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia. .,School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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21
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Current and Emerging Therapies to Combat Cystic Fibrosis Lung Infections. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091874. [PMID: 34576767 PMCID: PMC8466233 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultimate aim of any antimicrobial treatment is a better infection outcome for the patient. Here, we review the current state of treatment for bacterial infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung while also investigating potential new treatments being developed to see how they may change the dynamics of antimicrobial therapy. Treatment with antibiotics coupled with regular physical therapy has been shown to reduce exacerbations and may eradicate some strains. Therapies such as hypertonic saline and inhaled PulmozymeTM (DNase-I) improve mucus clearance, while modifier drugs, singly and more successfully in combination, re-open certain mutant forms of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) to enable ion passage. No current method, however, completely eradicates infection, mainly due to bacterial survival within biofilm aggregates. Lung transplants increase lifespan, but reinfection is a continuing problem. CFTR modifiers normalise ion transport for the affected mutations, but there is conflicting evidence on bacterial clearance. Emerging treatments combine antibiotics with novel compounds including quorum-sensing inhibitors, antioxidants, and enzymes, or with bacteriophages, aiming to disrupt the biofilm matrix and improve antibiotic access. Other treatments involve bacteriophages that target, infect and kill bacteria. These novel therapeutic approaches are showing good promise in vitro, and a few have made the leap to in vivo testing.
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22
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Sharma A, Kumar D, Dahiya K, Hawthorne S, Jha SK, Jha NK, Nand P, Girgis S, Raj S, Srivastava R, Goswami VK, Gregoriou Y, El-Zahaby SA, Ojha S, Dureja H, Gupta G, Singh S, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Advances in pulmonary drug delivery targeting microbial biofilms in respiratory diseases. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:1905-1923. [PMID: 34348474 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing burden of respiratory diseases caused by microbial infections poses an immense threat to global health. This review focuses on the various types of biofilms that affect the respiratory system and cause pulmonary infections, specifically bacterial biofilms. The article also sheds light on the current strategies employed for the treatment of such pulmonary infection-causing biofilms. The potential of nanocarriers as an effective treatment modality for pulmonary infections is discussed, along with the challenges faced during treatment and the measures that may be implemented to overcome these. Understanding the primary approaches of treatment against biofilm infection and applications of drug-delivery systems that employ nanoparticle-based approaches in the disruption of biofilms are of utmost interest which may guide scientists to explore the vistas of biofilm research while determining suitable treatment modalities for pulmonary respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sharma
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science & Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Sec-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Kajal Dahiya
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science & Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Susan Hawthorne
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Parma Nand
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Samuel Girgis
- School of Pharmacy, University of Sunderland, Chester Road, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK
| | - Sibi Raj
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Sec-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Rashi Srivastava
- Institute of Engineering & Technology, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226021, India
| | - Vineet Kumar Goswami
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Education City, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Yiota Gregoriou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pure & Applied Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Sally A El-Zahaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, PO Box-17666, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Sachin Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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Sharma A, Kumar D, Dahiya K, Hawthorne S, Jha SK, Jha NK, Nand P, Girgis S, Raj S, Srivastava R, Goswami VK, Gregoriou Y, El-Zahaby SA, Ojha S, Dureja H, Gupta G, Singh S, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Advances in pulmonary drug delivery targeting microbial biofilms in respiratory diseases. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2021-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing burden of respiratory diseases caused by microbial infections poses an immense threat to global health. This review focuses on the various types of biofilms that affect the respiratory system and cause pulmonary infections, specifically bacterial biofilms. The article also sheds light on the current strategies employed for the treatment of such pulmonary infection-causing biofilms. The potential of nanocarriers as an effective treatment modality for pulmonary infections is discussed, along with the challenges faced during treatment and the measures that may be implemented to overcome these. Understanding the primary approaches of treatment against biofilm infection and applications of drug-delivery systems that employ nanoparticle-based approaches in the disruption of biofilms are of utmost interest which may guide scientists to explore the vistas of biofilm research while determining suitable treatment modalities for pulmonary respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sharma
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science & Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Sec-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Kajal Dahiya
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science & Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Susan Hawthorne
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Parma Nand
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Samuel Girgis
- School of Pharmacy, University of Sunderland, Chester Road, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK
| | - Sibi Raj
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Sec-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Rashi Srivastava
- Institute of Engineering & Technology, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226021, India
| | - Vineet Kumar Goswami
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Education City, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Yiota Gregoriou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pure & Applied Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Sally A El-Zahaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, PO Box-17666, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Sachin Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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Wang Q, Vachon J, Prasad B, Pybus CA, Lapin N, Chopra R, Greenberg DE. Alternating magnetic fields and antibiotics eradicate biofilm on metal in a synergistic fashion. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2021; 7:68. [PMID: 34385452 PMCID: PMC8360946 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-021-00239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hundreds of thousands of human implant procedures require surgical revision each year due to infection. Infections are difficult to treat with conventional antibiotics due to the formation of biofilm on the implant surface. We have developed a noninvasive method to eliminate biofilm on metal implants using heat generated by intermittent alternating magnetic fields (iAMF). Here, we demonstrate that heat and antibiotics are synergistic in biofilm elimination. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm, bacterial burden was reduced >3 log with iAMF and ciprofloxacin after 24 h compared with either treatment alone (p < 0.0001). This effect was not limited by pathogen or antibiotic as similar biofilm reductions were seen with iAMF and either linezolid or ceftriaxone in Staphylococcus aureus. iAMF and antibiotic efficacy was seen across various iAMF settings, including different iAMF target temperatures, dose durations, and dosing intervals. Initial mechanistic studies revealed membrane disruption as one factor important for AMF enhanced antibacterial activity in the biofilm setting. This study demonstrates the potential of utilizing a noninvasive approach to reduce biofilm off of metallic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Vachon
- Medical School, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bibin Prasad
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christine A Pybus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Norman Lapin
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rajiv Chopra
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - David E Greenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Optimization of Green Silver Nanoparticles Using Neopestalotiopsis clavispora and Evaluation of Its Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Genotoxic Effects. EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/ebtj-2021-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used in a variety of biomedical applications in the last two decades, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer treatments. The present study highlights the extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles AgNPs using Neopestalotiopsis clavispora MH244410.1 and its antibacterial, antibiofilm, and genotoxic properties. Locally isolated N. clavispora MH244410.1 was identified by Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Optimization of synthesized AgNPs was performed by using various parameters (pH (2, 4, 7, 9 and 12), temperature (25, 35 and 45 °C), and substrate concentration (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25 mM)). After 72 hours of incubation in dark conditions, the best condition for the biosynthesis of AgNPs was determined as 0.25 mM metal concentration at pH 12 and 35 °C. Fungal synthesized AgNPs were characterized via spectroscopic and microscopic techniques such as Fouirer Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), UV-Visible Spectroscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The average size of the AgNPs was determined less than 60 nm using the TEM and Zetasizer measurement system (measured in purity water suspension). The characteristic peak of AgNPs was observed at ~414 nm from UV-Vis results. Antibacterial and genotoxic activity of synthesized AgNPs (0.1, 1, and 10 ppm) were also determined by using the agar well diffusion method and in vivo Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. AgNPs exhibited potential antimicrobial activity against all the tested bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) except Escherichia coli in a dose-dependent manner. AgNPs did not induce genotoxicity in the Drosophila SMART assay. 79.33, 65.47, and 41.95% inhibition of biofilms formed by P. aeruginosa were observed at 10, 1, and 0.1 ppm of AgNPs, respectively. The overall results indicate that N. clavispora MH244410.1 is a good candidate for novel applications in biomedical research.
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De Silva C, Nawawi NM, Abd Karim MM, Abd Gani S, Masarudin MJ, Gunasekaran B, Ahmad SA. The Mechanistic Action of Biosynthesised Silver Nanoparticles and Its Application in Aquaculture and Livestock Industries. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11072097. [PMID: 34359224 PMCID: PMC8300251 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a rapidly developing field due to the emergence of various resistant pathogens and the failure of commercial methods of treatment. AgNPs have emerged as one of the best nanotechnology metal nanoparticles due to their large surface-to-volume ratio and success and efficiency in combating various pathogens over the years, with the biological method of synthesis being the most effective and environmentally friendly method. The primary mode of action of AgNPs against pathogens are via their cytotoxicity, which is influenced by the size and shape of the nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs gives rise to various theorized mechanisms of action of AgNPs against pathogens such as activation of reactive oxygen species, attachment to cellular membranes, intracellular damage and inducing the viable but non-culturable state (VBNC) of pathogens. This review will be centred on the various theorized mechanisms of actions and its application in the aquaculture, livestock and poultry industries. The application of AgNPs in aquaculture is focused around water treatment, disease control and aquatic nutrition, and in the livestock application it is focused on livestock and poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catrenar De Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.D.S.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Norazah Mohammad Nawawi
- Institute of Bio-IT Selangor, Universiti Selangor, Jalan Zirkon A7/A, Seksyen 7, Shah Alam 40000, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Centre for Foundation and General Studies, Universiti Selangor, Jalan Timur Tambahan, Bestari Jaya 45600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Murni Marlina Abd Karim
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Laboratory of Sustainable Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Port Dickson 71050, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Shafinaz Abd Gani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.D.S.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Mas Jaffri Masarudin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Baskaran Gunasekaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Taman Connaught, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Siti Aqlima Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.D.S.); (S.A.G.)
- Laboratory of Bioresource Management, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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Akbar N, Aslam Z, Siddiqui R, Shah MR, Khan NA. Zinc oxide nanoparticles conjugated with clinically-approved medicines as potential antibacterial molecules. AMB Express 2021; 11:104. [PMID: 34245385 PMCID: PMC8272778 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01261-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, antibiotic resistance is one of the most pressing issues in healthcare globally. The development of new medicine for clinical applications is significantly less than the emergence of multiple drug-resistant bacteria, thus modification of existing medicines is a useful avenue. Among several approaches, nanomedicine is considered of potential therapeutic value. Herein, we have synthesized Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) conjugated with clinically-approved drugs (Quercetin, Ceftriaxone, Ampicillin, Naringin and Amphotericin B) with the aim to evaluate their antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive (Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli K1, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. The nanoparticles and their drug conjugates were characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Antibacterial activity was performed by dilution colony forming unit method and finally 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were performed to determine their cytotoxic effects against human cell lines. ZnO-NPs revealed maxima surface plasmon resonance band at 374 and after conjugation with beta-cyclodextrin at 379 nm, polydispersity with size in range of 25–45 nm with pointed shaped morphology. When conjugated with ZnO-NPs, drug efficacy against MDR bacteria was enhanced significantly. In particular, Ceftriaxone- and Ampicillin-conjugated ZnO-NPs exhibited potent antibacterial effects. Conversely, ZnO-NPs and drugs conjugated NPs showed negligible cytotoxicity against human cell lines except Amphotericin B (57% host cell death) and Amphotericin B-conjugated with ZnO-NPs (37% host cell death). In conclusion, the results revealed that drugs loaded on ZnO-NPs offer a promising approach to combat increasingly resistant bacterial infections.
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Khorsandi K, Hosseinzadeh R, Sadat Esfahani H, Keyvani-Ghamsari S, Ur Rahman S. Nanomaterials as drug delivery systems with antibacterial properties: current trends and future priorities. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2021; 19:1299-1323. [PMID: 33755503 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1908125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:Despite extensive advances in the production and synthesis of antibiotics, infectious diseases are one of the main problems of the 21st century due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) distributing in organisms. Therefore, researchers in nanotechnology have focused on new strategies to formulate and synthesis the different types of nanoparticles (NPs) with antimicrobial properties.Areas covered:The present review focuses on nanoparticles which are divided into two groups, organic (micelles, liposomes, polymer-based and lipid-based NPs) and inorganic (metals and metal oxides). NPs can penetrate the cell wall then destroy permeability of cell membrane, the structure and function of cell macromolecules by producing of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and eventually kill the bacteria. Moreover, their characteristics and mechanism in various bacteria especially MDR bacteria and finally their biocompatibility and the factors affecting their activity have been discussed.Expert opinion:Nanotechnology has led to higher drug absorption, targeted drug delivery and fewer side effects. NPs can overcome MDR through affecting several targets in the bacteria cell and synergistically increase the effectiveness of current antibiotics. Moreover, organic NPs with regard to their biodegradability and biocompatibility characteristics can be suitable agents for medical applications. However, they are less stable in environment in comparison to inorganic NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Sadat Esfahani
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Ur Rahman
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Oral Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Korcan SE, Kahraman T, Acikbas Y, Liman R, Ciğerci İH, Konuk M, Ocak İ. Cyto-genotoxicity, antibacterial, and antibiofilm properties of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Penicillium toxicarium. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2530-2543. [PMID: 33908149 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The fungi are becoming the distinguished organisms utilized in the biological synthesis of metallic nanoparticles because of their metal bioaccumulation ability. Addressed herein, the extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was carried out by using the cell-free filtrate of Penicillium toxicarium KJ173540.1. P. toxicarium was locally isolated and identified using both classical and molecular methods according to ribosomal internal transcribed spacer area of 18S rDNA. The optimum conditions for the AgNPs synthesis were found as 0.25 mM AgNO3 concentrations with pH 12 values at 45°C after 64 hr incubation in dark. Biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized via microscopic and spectroscopic techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Zetasizer measurements presented that the high negative potential value (-18.1 mV) and PDI (0.495) supported the excellent colloidal nature of AgNPs with long-range stability and high dispersity. AgNPs exhibited cyto-genotoxicity in Allium cepa root meristem cells by decreasing mitotic index and increasing chromosome aberrations in a dose-dependent manner. Then, 100 and 50% concentration of biosynthesized AgNPs showed antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. A decreasing biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 80.69, 48.32, and 28.41% was also observed at 100, 50, and 25% of mycosynthesized AgNP, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiye Elif Korcan
- Health Services Vocational School Medical Laboratory Program, Uşak University, Uşak, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Kahraman
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uşak University, Uşak, Turkey
| | - Yaser Acikbas
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
| | - Recep Liman
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uşak University, Uşak, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Faculty of Science and Literatures, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Muhsin Konuk
- Biotechnology Research and Application Center, University of Üsküdar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İjlal Ocak
- Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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30
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Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Approaches for Preventing and Treating Biofilms in Cystic Fibrosis. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry6040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm-associated infections pose a huge burden on healthcare systems worldwide, with recurrent lung infections occurring due to the persistence of biofilm bacteria populations. In cystic fibrosis (CF), thick viscous mucus acts not only as a physical barrier, but also serves as a nidus for infection. Increased antibiotic resistance in the recent years indicates that current therapeutic strategies aimed at biofilm-associated infections are “failing”, emphasizing the need to develop new and improved drug delivery systems with higher efficacy and efficiency. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have unique and favourable properties encompassing biocompatibility, biodegradability, magnetic and heat-mediated characteristics, making them suitable drug carriers. Additionally, an external magnetic force can be applied to enhance drug delivery to target sites, acting as “nano-knives”, cutting through the bacterial biofilm layer and characteristically thick mucus in CF. In this review, we explore the multidisciplinary approach of using current and novel MNPs as vehicles of drug delivery. Although many of these offer exciting prospects for future biofilm therapeutics, there are also major challenges of this emerging field that need to be addressed.
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31
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Rafiq A, Zahid K, Qadir A, Khan MN, Khalid ZM, Ali N. Inhibition of microbial growth by silver nanoparticles synthesized from Fraxinus xanthoxyloides leaf extract. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 131:124-134. [PMID: 33251642 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Conventional antibiotics have been failed to treat infectious diseases due to emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in some common pathogens. The current study aimed to formulate new antimicrobials from greener sources. In the midst of these efforts, nanotechnology is a newly emerged field, in which the synthesis of new nanoparticles through novel and efficient means is on the rise. METHODS AND RESULTS The current work has been carried out to assess the potential of Fraxinus xanthoxyloides (FX) leaf extract in biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (FX-AgNPs). This method is economical and simple one-step approach to synthesize AgNPs. Characterization of FX-AgNPs has been done by UV-Visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electronic microscope (TEM) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The formation of FX-AgNPs has confirmed through UV-Visible spectroscopy (at 430 nm) by change of colour owing to surface Plasmon resonance. Based on the XRD pattern, the crystalline property of FX-AgNPs has established. Functional groups existing in F. xanthoxyloides leaf extract are confirmed by FT-IR spectrum. SEM and TEM authenticated morphology of the AgNPs. The newly synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans by microtiter plate assay. The lowest inhibition (69%) observed against MRSA was at a concentration of 50 ppm FX-AgNPs and maximum inhibition (81%) observed was against P. aeruginosa. The biosynthesized AgNPs triggered up to 68·6% reduction of the P. aeruginosa biofilm when compared to the control. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that nanoparticles could be a better alternative of antibiotics with greater efficacies and represent a valuable milestone to fight against infections caused by MDR pathogens. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study imparts a useful insight into the development of a new antimicrobial agent from a novel source.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rafiq
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - K Zahid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Qadir
- Departments of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M N Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Z M Khalid
- Departments of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - N Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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de Lacerda Coriolano D, de Souza JB, Bueno EV, Medeiros SMDFRDS, Cavalcanti IDL, Cavalcanti IMF. Antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of silver nanoparticles against antibiotic-sensitive and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Braz J Microbiol 2020; 52:267-278. [PMID: 33231865 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the severity of infections caused by P. aeruginosa and the limitations in treatment, it is necessary to find new therapeutic alternatives. Thus, the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is a viable alternative because of their potential actions in the combat of microorganisms, showing efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDR). In this sense, the aim of this work was to conduct a literature review related to the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of AgNPs against antibiotic-sensitive and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The AgNPs are promising for future applications, which may match the clinical need for effective antibiotic therapy. The size of AgNPs is a crucial element to determine the therapeutic activity of nanoparticles, since smaller particles present a larger surface area of contact with the microorganism, affecting their vital functioning. AgNPs adhere to the cytoplasmic membrane and cell wall of microorganisms, causing disruption, penetrating the cell, interacting with cellular structures and biomolecules, and inducing the generation of reactive oxygen species and free radicals. Studies describe the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) between 1 and 200 μg/mL against susceptible and MDR P. aeruginosa strains. These studies have also shown antibiofilm activity through disruption of biofilm structure, and oxidative stress, inhibiting biofilm growth at concentrations between 1 and 600 μg/mL of AgNPs. This study evidences the advance of AgNPs as an antibacterial and antibiofilm agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, demonstrating to be an extremely promising approach to the development of new antimicrobial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi de Lacerda Coriolano
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Barbosa de Souza
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | | | - Iago Dillion Lima Cavalcanti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - Isabella Macário Ferro Cavalcanti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Academic Center of Vitória (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil.
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Zhang Y, Pan X, Wang L, Chen L. Iron metabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm and the involved iron-targeted anti-biofilm strategies. J Drug Target 2020; 29:249-258. [PMID: 32969723 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1824235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative bacterium that exists in various ecosystems, causing severe infections in patients with AIDS or cystic fibrosis. P. aeruginosa can form biofilm on a variety of surfaces, whereby the bacteria produce defensive substances and enhance antibiotic-resistance, making themselves more adaptable to hostile environments. P. aeruginosa resistance represents one of the main causes of infection-related morbidity and mortality at a global level. Iron is required for the growth of P. aeruginosa biofilm. This review summarises how the iron metabolism contributes to develop biofilm, and more importantly, it may provide some references for the clinic to achieve novel anti-biofilm therapeutics by targeting iron activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapeng Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuanhe Pan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linqian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyu Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Wijesooriya LI, Waidyathilake D. Antimicrobial Properties of Nonantibiotic Agents for Effective Treatment of Localized Wound Infections: A Minireview. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2020; 21:207-218. [PMID: 32746677 DOI: 10.1177/1534734620939748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Wounds present serious health problems in humans and animals. Importantly, if left untreated, wounds invariably lead to long-term morbidity. The inappropriate use and costs of antibiotics place significant challenges globally and affect the health budgets of many countries. Though some antibiotics are administered systemically, treatment of localized infections, in particular, chronic wound infections, does not need such therapy-this would minimize development of antibiotic resistance. Of these measures, nanoparticles of silver, ZnO, and gold seem to give promising results against common wound pathogens while having few limitations. Chemical components of essential oils, which are extracted from different plants, have been shown to act against common wound pathogens. Plant extracts have shown different mechanisms in biofilm elimination. Chlorhexidine and chlorine derivatives act as wound antiseptics. Attempts with biological agents such as maggots have also been shown to provide anti-infective as well as mechanical removal of wound debris. Honey, including those obtained from bees, has a wide coverage against wound pathogens. Glycerin and hypertonic saline are anti-infective through the concentration-dependent killing of pathogens. Hyperbaric oxygen acts against many wound pathogens, in particular anaerobes. This review is focused on nonantibiotic attempts for the cure of localized infections, in particular, chronic wounds with common wound pathogens.
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Zhang K, Li X, Yu C, Wang Y. Promising Therapeutic Strategies Against Microbial Biofilm Challenges. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:359. [PMID: 32850471 PMCID: PMC7399198 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that are attached to a biological or abiotic surface and are surrounded by a self-produced extracellular matrix. Cells within a biofilm have intrinsic characteristics that are different from those of planktonic cells. Biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents has drawn increasing attention. It is well-known that medical device- and tissue-associated biofilms may be the leading cause for the failure of antibiotic treatments and can cause many chronic infections. The eradication of biofilms is very challenging. Many researchers are working to address biofilm-related infections, and some novel strategies have been developed and identified as being effective and promising. Nevertheless, more preclinical studies and well-designed multicenter clinical trials are critically needed to evaluate the prospects of these strategies. Here, we review information about the mechanisms underlying the drug resistance of biofilms and discuss recent progress in alternative therapies and promising strategies against microbial biofilms. We also summarize the strengths and weaknesses of these strategies in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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Abstract
Background Enthusiasm for the use of metal nanoparticles in human and veterinary medicine is high. Many articles describe the effects of metal nanoparticles on microbes in vitro, and a smaller number of articles describe effects on the immune system, which is the focus of this review. Methods Articles were retrieved by performing literature searches in Medline, of the National Institute of Medicine, as well as via Google Scholar. Results In vitro studies show that metal nanoparticles have antimicrobial effects. Some metal nanoparticles augment innate host immune defenses, such as endogenous antimicrobial peptides, and nitric oxide. Metal nanoparticles may also function as vaccine adjuvants. Metal nanoparticles can migrate to locations distant from the site of administration, however, requiring careful monitoring for toxicity. Conclusions Metal nanoparticles show a great deal of potential as immunomodulators, as well as direct antimicrobial effects. Before metal particles can be adopted as therapies; however, more studies are needed to determine how nanoparticles migrate though the body and on possible adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Crane
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University at Buffalo , Buffalo, New York, USA
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37
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Pircalabioru GG, Chifiriuc MC. Nanoparticulate drug-delivery systems for fighting microbial biofilms: from bench to bedside. Future Microbiol 2020; 15:679-698. [PMID: 32495694 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are highly tolerant to antimicrobial agents and adverse environmental conditions being important reservoirs for chronic and hard-to-treat infections. Nanomaterials exhibit microbiostatic/microbicidal/antipathogenic properties and can be also used for the delivery of antibiofilm agents. However, few of the many promising leads offered by nanotechnology reach clinical studies and eventually, become available to clinicians. The aim of this paper was to review the progress and challenges in the development of nanotechnology-based antibiofilm drug-delivery systems. The main identified challenges are: most papers report only in vitro studies of the activity of different nanoformulations; lack of standardization in the methodological approaches; insufficient collaboration between material science specialists and clinicians; paucity of in vivo studies to test efficiency and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gratiela G Pircalabioru
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Research Institute of The University of Bucharest (ICUB), Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana-Carmen Chifiriuc
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Research Institute of The University of Bucharest (ICUB), Bucharest, Romania
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38
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Jia H, Draz MS, Ruan Z. Functional Nanomaterials for the Detection and Control of Bacterial Infections. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2449-2475. [PMID: 31642781 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191023123407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria that are difficult to treat with commonly used antibiotics have spread globally, raising serious public health concerns. Conventional bacterial detection techniques are time-consuming, which may delay treatment for critically ill patients past the optimal time. There is an urgent need for rapid and sensitive diagnosis and effective treatments for multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacterial infections. Advances in nanotechnology have made it possible to design and build nanomaterials with therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities. Functional nanomaterials that can specifically interact with bacteria offer additional options for the diagnosis and treatment of infections due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Here, we summarize the recent advances related to the preparation of nanomaterials and their applications for the detection and treatment of bacterial infection. We pay particular attention to the toxicity of therapeutic nanoparticles based on both in vitro and in vivo assays. In addition, the major challenges that require further research and future perspectives are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiong Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mohamed S Draz
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Zhi Ruan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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An active domain HF-18 derived from hagfish intestinal peptide effectively inhibited drug-resistant bacteria in vitro/vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 172:113746. [PMID: 31812678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is spreading faster than the development of new antibiotics into clinical practice. Currently, the design of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), potential new antibacterial agents with rare antimicrobial resistance, is the available strategy to enhance the antimicrobial activity and lower the toxicity of AMPs. In this study, a peptide derived from hagfish intestinal peptide was designed and termed as HF-18 (GFFKKAWRKVKKAFRRVL). After antimicrobial/bactericidal test in vitro, we found that HF-18 exhibited a potent antimicrobial activity with MIC of only 4 μg/ml against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Meanwhile, it eliminated the test bacteria within 1 h, suggesting its rapid bactericidal effect. Importantly, this peptide had no obvious hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity to mammalian cells. Furthermore, its notable antimicrobial effects in vivo was confirmed again in S. aureus induced mouse bacteremia and skin wound infection, reflecting as the decrease in bacterial counts in mouse lung or skin (up to 1.9 or 3.5 log CFU respectively), and including the inhibitory activity on inflammatory cytokines secretion. The possible mechanisms underlying HF-18 against drug-resistant S. aureus may attribute that HF-18 neutralized the negative charge in S. aureus surface and then disrupted the integrity of cell membranes to enhance the permeation of bacterial membrane, showing as the increased uptake of NPN and PI and the obvious morphology changes of S. aureus. In addition, this peptide bound to bacterial genomic DNA to suppress the expression of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (pvl) and nuclease (nuc) genes, which play major roles in S. aureus virulence. The properties of HF-18 suggest a path towards developing antibacterial agents that has stronger antibacterial activity and greater security for clinical treatment of infection induced by S. aureus, especially drug-resistant S. aureus.
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40
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Lima R, Del Fiol FS, Balcão VM. Prospects for the Use of New Technologies to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:692. [PMID: 31293420 PMCID: PMC6598392 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing use of antibiotics is being driven by factors such as the aging of the population, increased occurrence of infections, and greater prevalence of chronic diseases that require antimicrobial treatment. The excessive and unnecessary use of antibiotics in humans has led to the emergence of bacteria resistant to the antibiotics currently available, as well as to the selective development of other microorganisms, hence contributing to the widespread dissemination of resistance genes at the environmental level. Due to this, attempts are being made to develop new techniques to combat resistant bacteria, among them the use of strictly lytic bacteriophage particles, CRISPR-Cas, and nanotechnology. The use of these technologies, alone or in combination, is promising for solving a problem that humanity faces today and that could lead to human extinction: the domination of pathogenic bacteria resistant to artificial drugs. This prospective paper discusses the potential of bacteriophage particles, CRISPR-Cas, and nanotechnology for use in combating human (bacterial) infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Lima
- LABiToN-Laboratory of Bioactivity Assessment and Toxicology of Nanomaterials, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Fernando Sá Del Fiol
- CRIA-Antibiotic Reference and Information Center, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Victor M Balcão
- PhageLab-Laboratory of Biofilms and Bacteriophages, i(bs)2-intelligent biosensing and biomolecule stabilization research group, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil.,Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
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Kadam S, Shai S, Shahane A, Kaushik KS. Recent Advances in Non-Conventional Antimicrobial Approaches for Chronic Wound Biofilms: Have We Found the 'Chink in the Armor'? Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7020035. [PMID: 31052335 PMCID: PMC6631124 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds are a major healthcare burden, with huge public health and economic impact. Microbial infections are the single most important cause of chronic, non-healing wounds. Chronic wound infections typically form biofilms, which are notoriously recalcitrant to conventional antibiotics. This prompts the need for alternative or adjunct ‘anti-biofilm’ approaches, notably those that account for the unique chronic wound biofilm microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in non-conventional antimicrobial approaches for chronic wound biofilms, looking beyond standard antibiotic therapies. These non-conventional strategies are discussed under three groups. The first group focuses on treatment approaches that directly kill or inhibit microbes in chronic wound biofilms, using mechanisms or delivery strategies distinct from antibiotics. The second group discusses antimicrobial approaches that modify the biological, chemical or biophysical parameters in the chronic wound microenvironment, which in turn enables the disruption and removal of biofilms. Finally, therapeutic approaches that affect both, biofilm bacteria and microenvironment factors, are discussed. Understanding the advantages and limitations of these recent approaches, their stage of development and role in biofilm management, could lead to new treatment paradigms for chronic wound infections. Towards this end, we discuss the possibility that non-conventional antimicrobial therapeutics and targets could expose the ‘chink in the armor’ of chronic wound biofilms, thereby providing much-needed alternative or adjunct strategies for wound infection management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Kadam
- Ramalingaswami Re-entry Fellowship, Department of Biotechnology, Pune 411045, India.
| | - Saptarsi Shai
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed (to be) University, Erandwane, Pune 411038, India.
| | - Aditi Shahane
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed (to be) University, Erandwane, Pune 411038, India.
| | - Karishma S Kaushik
- Ramalingaswami Re-entry Fellowship, Department of Biotechnology, Pune 411045, India.
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42
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Vadekeetil A, Chhibber S, Harjai K. Efficacy of intravesical targeting of novel quorum sensing inhibitor nanoparticles against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm-associated murine pyelonephritis. J Drug Target 2019; 27:995-1003. [PMID: 30741037 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2019.1574802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm-associated pyelonephritis is a severe infection that can lead to mortality. There are no strategies that can effectively manage this infection since the pathogenesis is controlled by quorum sensing (QS) regulated virulence and recalcitrant biofilms. QS inhibitors (QSIs) are emerging therapeutics against such infections but are associated with cytotoxicity or low bioactivity. Hence, we developed novel quorum sensing inhibitor loaded nanoparticles (QSINPs) using the biopolymers, chitosan (CS) and dextran sulphate (DS) and were intravesically targeted against biofilm-associated murine pyelonephritis. The in-vivo targeting of QSINPs was confirmed by tracking the fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) tagged QSINPs in bladder and kidney of mice. On characterising, the QSINPs showed a size of 685.7 nm with a zeta potential of 37.9 and polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.5. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated spherical shape and bioactivity assays indicated QSI activity till 8 months. Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) analysis indicated possibility of isothiocyanate bonding in CS with DS and with QSI. The QSINPs showed excellent in vitro antivirulence activity by reducing the virulence factors and biofilm of P. aeruginosa and in vivo therapeutic efficacy with ciprofloxacin (CIP). Hence, we propose a novel next-generation therapeutic and its appropriate targeting route against biofilm-associated pyelonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitha Vadekeetil
- a Department of Microbiology, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Sanjay Chhibber
- a Department of Microbiology, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Kusum Harjai
- a Department of Microbiology, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
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43
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Anupama R, Lulu S, Madhusmita R, Vino S, Mukherjee A, Babu S. Insights into the interaction of key biofilm proteins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 with TiO 2 nanoparticle: An in silico analysis. J Theor Biol 2019; 462:12-25. [PMID: 30391649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogenic biofilm forming bacteria which exist in wide range of environments such as water, soil and human body. In an earlier study, we used a system biology approach based analysis of biofilm forming genes of P. aeruginosa and their possible role in TiO2 nanoparticle binding. The major protein of P. aeruginosa targeted by TiO2 was found to be KatA, a major catalase required for H2O2 resistance and acute virulence and the direct interacting protein partners of KatA were found to be DnaK, Hfq, RpoA and RpoS. To understand the protein-protein physical interaction characteristic of these key proteins involved in biofilm related processes, homology modeling, docking and molecular dynamic simulation were performed. For all these proteins, physical and chemical properties, amino acid composition, nest and cleft analysis were performed using online tools. The interactions between TiO2NPs-KatA and four protein-protein complexes such as KatA-DnaK, KatA-Hfq, KatA-RpoA and KatA-RpoS were studied. Our results indicate that all four key proteins and TiO2NPs can have stable complexation with KatA. The study has given enough clues to understand the interaction of TiO2NPs with P. aeruginosa biofilm in natural environment. Further investigations could lead to development of TiO2NPs based therapeutic and sanitary interventions to combat this pathogenic bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Anupama
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sajitha Lulu
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Rout Madhusmita
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundararajan Vino
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Subramanian Babu
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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44
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Zavarshani M, Ahmadi M, Dastmalchi Saei H, Tehrani AA, Dalir Naghadeh B. Comparison Therapeutic Effects of Ciprofloxacin, Silver Nanoparticles and Their Combination in the Treatment of Pseudomonas keratitis in Rabbit: An Experimental Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2019; 18:320-327. [PMID: 31089366 PMCID: PMC6487424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common causes of keratitis. The current study was done to evaluate the therapeutic effects of antibacterial combinations with Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and Ciprofloxacin in experimental Pseudomonas keratitis. Sixty four New Zealand rabbits were prepared. All rabbits were randomly categorized into eight groups (each group containing eight rabbits): Control +, Control -, Ciprofloxacin, Ag-NPs, Ciprofloxacin plus Betamethasone, Ag-NPs plus Betamethasone, Ciprofloxacin plus Ag-NPs, and Ciprofloxacin plus Ag-NPs plus Betamethasone. Twelve hours after bacterial inoculation into the cornea, the eyes were examined daily to evaluate the number of days of ocular discharge and blepharospasm. Also, after 108 and 204 h, first grading of corneal opacity was done and then four rabbits of each groups were euthanized for bacterial count. The results showed that the means of days of blepharospasm, ocular discharge, and bacterial counts (log CFU mL-1) were significantly different in the treatment groups at 108 and 204 h (P <0.0005, ANOVA). According to Tukey's test, Ciprofloxacin plus Ag-NPs plus Betamethasone group was significantly less than Control +, Ag-NPs, and Ag-NPs plus Betamethasone groups for these variables (P < 0.05). The mean rank of opacity scores was significantly different between treatment groups (P = 0.01, Kruskal-Wallis). Mann-Whitney U-test revealed that Ciprofloxacin plus Ag-NPs plus Betamethasone group had significantly better score than Control +, Ag-NPs, and Ag-NPs plus Betamethasone groups (P < 0.05). It seems Ag-NPs can be an appropriate adjuvant for Ciprofloxacin, but due to the results they can't be an alternative for Ciprofloxacin to treat Pseudomonas keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zavarshani
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Malahat Ahmadi
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Habib Dastmalchi Saei
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Ali Asghar Tehrani
- Pathobiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Bahram Dalir Naghadeh
- Clinical SciencesDepartment, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
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45
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Shkryl YN, Veremeichik GN, Kamenev DG, Gorpenchenko TY, Yugay YA, Mashtalyar DV, Nepomnyaschiy AV, Avramenko TV, Karabtsov AA, Ivanov VV, Bulgakov VP, Gnedenkov SV, Kulchin YN, Zhuravlev YN. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using transgenic Nicotiana tabacum callus culture expressing silicatein gene from marine sponge Latrunculia oparinae. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:1646-1658. [PMID: 29022401 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1388248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present investigation, transgenic tobacco callus cultures and plants overexpressing the silicatein gene LoSilA1 from marine sponge Latrunculia oparinae were obtained and their bioreduction behaviour for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was studied. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), atomic flame electron microscopy (AFM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Our measurements showed that the reduction of silver nitrate produced spherical AgNPs with diameters in the range of 12-80 nm. The results of XRD analysis proved the crystal nature of the obtained AgNPs. FTIR analysis indicated that particles are reduced and stabilized in solution by the capping agent, which is likely to be proteins present in the callus extract. Interestingly, the reduction potential of LoSiLA1-transgenic callus line was increased three-fold compared with the empty vector-transformed calli. The synthesized AgNPs were found to exhibit strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The present study reports the first evidence for using genetic engineering for activation of the reduction potential of plant cells for synthesis of biocidal AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri N Shkryl
- a Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Department of Biotechnology, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Galina N Veremeichik
- a Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Department of Biotechnology, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Dmitriy G Kamenev
- a Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Department of Biotechnology, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Tatiana Y Gorpenchenko
- a Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Department of Biotechnology, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Yulia A Yugay
- a Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Department of Biotechnology, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Dmitriy V Mashtalyar
- b Institute of Chemistry , Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Aleksander V Nepomnyaschiy
- c Institute for Automation and Control Processes , Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Science , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Tatiana V Avramenko
- a Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Department of Biotechnology, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Karabtsov
- d Far East Geological Institute , Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Vladimir V Ivanov
- d Far East Geological Institute , Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Victor P Bulgakov
- a Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Department of Biotechnology, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
- e Far Eastern Federal University, School of Natural Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Sergey V Gnedenkov
- b Institute of Chemistry , Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Yury N Kulchin
- c Institute for Automation and Control Processes , Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Science , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Yury N Zhuravlev
- a Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Department of Biotechnology, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia
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46
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Zakaria BS, Barua S, Sharaf A, Liu Y, Dhar BR. Impact of antimicrobial silver nanoparticles on anode respiring bacteria in a microbial electrolysis cell. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 213:259-267. [PMID: 30223131 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the impact of antimicrobial AgNPs (50 mg L-1, 30-50 nm) on the electrocatalytic activity of a mixed-culture anode biofilm enriched with Geobacter species. The current densities and electrochemical kinetics were maintained after exposure to AgNPs in consecutive fed-batch cycles, despite significant changes in morphological structures and bacterial communities. Bacterial community analysis showed a substantial increase in the Geobacter population in response to AgNPs exposure, indicating their higher tolerance to AgNPs. In contrast, the population of other anode respiring bacteria (ARB) belongs to Acinetobacter, Dysgonomonas, and Cloacibacillus genera appeared to be very sensitive to AgNPs toxicity as their relative abundance significantly decreased. Microscopic imaging showed that AgNPs were accumulated within anode biofilm matrix without penetration inside the cells. Moreover, the anode biofilm became denser because of enhanced extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) production by ARB after exposure of AgNPs, implying that EPS could protect ARB against AgNPs toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basem S Zakaria
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Sajib Barua
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Ahmed Sharaf
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Bipro Ranjan Dhar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada.
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47
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Prasher P, Singh M, Mudila H. Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial therapeutics: current perspectives and future challenges. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:411. [PMID: 30237958 PMCID: PMC6138003 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1436-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Utility of silver metal in antimicrobial therapy is an accepted practice since ages that faded with time because of the identification of a few silver resistant strains in the contemporary era. A successive development of antibiotics soon followed. However, due to an indiscriminate and unregulated use coupled with poor legal control measures and a dearth of expertise in handling the critical episodes, the antibiotics era has already seen a steep decline in the past decades due to the evolution of multi-drug resistant 'superbugs' which pose a sizeable challenge to manage with. Due to limited options in the pipeline and no clear strategy in the forefront, the aspirations for novel, MDR focused drug discovery to target the 'superbugs' arose which once again led to the rise of AgNPs in antimicrobial research. In this review, we have focused on the green routes for the synthesis of AgNPs, the mode of microbial inhibition by AgNPs, synergistic effect of AgNPs with antibiotics and future challenges for the development of nano-silver-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007 India
| | - Manjeet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007 India
| | - Harish Mudila
- Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411 India
- Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263153 India
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48
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Formulation Optimization of Chitosan-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles Using In Vitro Antimicrobial Assay. J Pharm Sci 2018; 108:1007-1016. [PMID: 30244012 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance at the infected site is a serious medical issue that increases patient morbidity and mortality. Silver has antibacterial activity associated with some dose-dependent toxicity. Silver nanoparticles, due to larger surface area, have antibacterial properties, which make them useful in the treatment of infections. Chitosan-stabilized silver nanoparticles (CH-AgNP) were formulated and evaluated for minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration testing against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, S aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and 20 methicillin-resistant S aureus isolates. Minimum biofilm eradication concentration study was used to evaluate the biofilm reduction, and in vitro antimicrobial checkerboard assays were performed. The effective optimum ratio of AgNP:chitosan solution was 1:4. Minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration ranges of CH-AgNP were 4 to 14 times lower compared to AgNP alone against methicillin-resistant S aureus isolates. Minimum biofilm eradication concentration values of CH-AgNP for ATCC PA-01, P aeruginosa isolate 1, and P aeruginosa isolate 2 were found to be >84.59 μg/mL, 42.29 μg/mL, and 21.15 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, CH-AgNP is a potential formulation for wound treatment and management of infected sites associated with antimicrobial resistance.
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49
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Tiwari V, Meena K, Tiwari M. Differential anti-microbial secondary metabolites in different ESKAPE pathogens explain their adaptation in the hospital setup. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 66:57-65. [PMID: 30227225 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nosocomial infections are caused by ESKAPE (E. faecium, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and E. cloacae) pathogens, and their co-existence is associated with their ability to survive in the hospital setup. They may produce molecules, which helps in the better survival of one ESKAPE pathogens over other. We have identified all secondary metabolite gene clusters in six ESKAPE pathogens and predicted antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties of their product secondary metabolites. To validate our model, we have taken the secondary metabolites of ESKAPE pathogens and studied their interaction with diguanylate cyclase (involved in quorum sensing) and biofilm-associated protein (involved in biofilm formation) of Acinetobacter baumannii. Results suggest the presence of differential secondary metabolites in all ESKAPE pathogens with only three common non-antimicrobial secondary metabolites. Out of twenty-three antimicrobial secondary metabolites, TP-1161, nosiheptide and meilingmycin, showed the best antimicrobial activity and nineteen showed high anti-biofilm activity. Interaction study showed that secondary metabolites produced by other ESKAPE pathogens (non-Acinetobacter) have very good interaction with diguanylate cyclase and biofilm-associated protein of A. baumannii. This concludes that better survival of these ESKAPE pathogens in hospital setup can be correlated with differential production of antimicrobial secondary metabolites. The present study also investigates the molecular mechanism of the competition of different pathogens living in similar hospital setup (similar habitat). Therefore, the present study will initiate research that might lead to the discovery of antibiotics from one ESKAPE pathogen that controls the infection of other ESKAPE pathogens or other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishvanath Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, -305817, India.
| | - Kiran Meena
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, -305817, India
| | - Monalisa Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, -305817, India
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50
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Attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm by hordenine: a combinatorial study with aminoglycoside antibiotics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9745-9758. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9315-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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