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Ahmed S, Mahendiran D, Bhat AR, Rahiman AK. Theoretical, in Vitro Antiproliferative, and in Silico Molecular Docking and Pharmacokinetics Studies of Heteroleptic Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Complexes of Thiosemicarbazone-Based Ligands and Pefloxacin. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300702. [PMID: 37528701 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Twelve new heteroleptic nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes of the type [M(L1-6 )(Pfx)2 ] (1-12), where L1-6 =2-benzylidenehydrazinecarbothioamide (L1 ), 2-benzylidene-N-methylhydrazinecarbothioamide (L2 ), 2-benzylidene-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide (L3 ), 2-(4-methylbenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide (L4 ), 2-(4-methylbenzylidene)-N-methylhydrazinecarbothioamide (L5 ) and 2-(4-methylbenzylidene)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide (L6 ), Pfx=pefloxacin and M=Ni(II) or Cu(II) have been synthesised, and their structures were confirmed by different spectral techniques. The spectral data and density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported the bonding of pefloxacin drug molecule via one of the carboxylate oxygen atoms and the pyridone oxygen atom, and the thiosemicarbazone ligand via the imine nitrogen and the thione sulfur atoms with the metal(II) ion, forming distorted octahedral geometry. In vitro antiproliferative activity of the synthesized complexes was evaluated against three human breast cancer (T47D, estrogen negative (MDA-MB-231) and estrogen positive (MCF-7)) as well as non-tumorigenic human breast epithelial (MCF-10a) cell lines, which showed the higher activity for the copper(II) complexes. The interaction of the synthesized complexes with an oncogenic protein H-ras (121 p) was explored by in silico molecular docking studies. Further, in silico pharmacokinetics and ADMET parameters were also analysed to predict the drug-likeness as well as non-toxic and non-carcinogenic behavior, and safe oral administration of the complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeer Ahmed
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai, 600 014, India
| | - Dharmasivam Mahendiran
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Ajmal Rashid Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440 033, India
| | - Aziz Kalilur Rahiman
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai, 600 014, India
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2
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Yang P, Luo JB, Wang ZZ, Zhang LL, Xie XB, Shi QS, Zhang XG. Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of N-acylarylhydrazone-ciprofloxacin hybrids as novel fluoroquinolone derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Ren Z, Wang S, Liu D, Yu J, Zhang X, Zhao P, Sun Y, Han S. Control strategies for the vertical gene transfer of quinolone ARGs in Escherichia coli through molecular modification and molecular dynamics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 420:126667. [PMID: 34329116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the regulation of the vertical gene transfer of quinolones' antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) through a combination of source modification and process control. In source prevention, 29 Escherichia coli (E. coli) DNA gyrase subunit A mutant proteins were constructed, the B-G mutant protein displayed the greatest reduction in binding effect (-25.98%). Based on this, a 3D-QSAR model was constructed, and LEV-2 and LEV-9 QNs derivatives were designed based on Levofloxacin (LEV), and their binding effect with B-G mutant protein was found be increased by 13.24% and 19.40%. The drug resistance mechanism of E. coli was explored based on molecular docking technology and protein hydrophobic interaction theory. Most of the amino acid resistance mutations changed from hydrophilic to lipophilic, which inhibited the binding of QNs to mutant protein A subunit, and further reduced the bactericidal effect of QNs. In process control, Huoxiang-Zhengqi, stroke-physiological saline solution (SPSS), and Lycium barbarum (L. barbarum) was found to be 164.82% higher than that of the blank control group. The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical support for the joint regulation of QNs' ARGs in organisms and the research and development on green alternatives to QNs compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Ren
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Shen Wang
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Dong Liu
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Pingnan Zhao
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Yuxuan Sun
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Song Han
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
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4
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Ojkic N, Lilja E, Direito S, Dawson A, Allen RJ, Waclaw B. A Roadblock-and-Kill Mechanism of Action Model for the DNA-Targeting Antibiotic Ciprofloxacin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:e02487-19. [PMID: 32601161 PMCID: PMC7449190 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02487-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones, antibiotics that cause DNA damage by inhibiting DNA topoisomerases, are clinically important, but their mechanism of action is not yet fully understood. In particular, the dynamical response of bacterial cells to fluoroquinolone exposure has hardly been investigated, although the SOS response, triggered by DNA damage, is often thought to play a key role. Here, we investigated the growth inhibition of the bacterium Escherichia coli by the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin at low concentrations. We measured the long-term and short-term dynamical response of the growth rate and DNA production rate to ciprofloxacin at both the population and single-cell levels. We show that, despite the molecular complexity of DNA metabolism, a simple roadblock-and-kill model focusing on replication fork blockage and DNA damage by ciprofloxacin-poisoned DNA topoisomerase II (gyrase) quantitatively reproduces long-term growth rates in the presence of ciprofloxacin. The model also predicts dynamical changes in the DNA production rate in wild-type E. coli and in a recombination-deficient mutant following a step-up of ciprofloxacin. Our work highlights that bacterial cells show a delayed growth rate response following fluoroquinolone exposure. Most importantly, our model explains why the response is delayed: it takes many doubling times to fragment the DNA sufficiently to inhibit gene expression. We also show that the dynamical response is controlled by the timescale of DNA replication and gyrase binding/unbinding to the DNA rather than by the SOS response, challenging the accepted view. Our work highlights the importance of including detailed biophysical processes in biochemical-systems models to quantitatively predict the bacterial response to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Ojkic
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Elin Lilja
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Susana Direito
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Dawson
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind J Allen
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Bartlomiej Waclaw
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Szczupak Ł, Kowalczyk A, Trzybiński D, Woźniak K, Mendoza G, Arruebo M, Steverding D, Stączek P, Kowalski K. Organometallic ciprofloxacin conjugates with dual action: synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial and cytotoxicity studies. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:1403-1415. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03948a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organometallic ciprofloxacin conjugates were synthesized and two mechanisms of antimicrobial activity were demonstrated. The first mechanism involves the inhibition of type IIA topoisomerases and the second involves ROS generation in bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Szczupak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Łódź
- 91-403 Łódź
- Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kowalczyk
- Department of Microbial Genetics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Łódź
- 90-237 Łódź
- Poland
| | - Damian Trzybiński
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre
- University of Warsaw
- 02-089 Warszawa
- Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre
- University of Warsaw
- 02-089 Warszawa
- Poland
| | - Gracia Mendoza
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Zaragoza
- 5018 Zaragoza
- Spain
- Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón)
| | - Manuel Arruebo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Zaragoza
- 5018 Zaragoza
- Spain
- Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón)
| | - Dietmar Steverding
- Bob Champion Research & Education Building
- Norwich Medical School
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich NR4 7UQ
- UK
| | - Paweł Stączek
- Department of Microbial Genetics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Łódź
- 90-237 Łódź
- Poland
| | - Konrad Kowalski
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Łódź
- 91-403 Łódź
- Poland
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6
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Azam MA, Thathan J, Jupudi S. Pharmacophore modeling, atom based 3D-QSAR, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies on Escherichia coli ParE inhibitors. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 84:107197. [PMID: 31901788 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.107197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
ATP dependent ParE enzyme is as an attractive target for the development of antibacterial agents. Atom based 3D-QSAR model AADHR.187 was developed based on the thirty eight Escherichia coli ParE inhibitors. The generated model showed statistically significant coefficient of determinations for the training (R2 = 0.985) and test (R2 = 0.86) sets. The cross-validated correlation coefficient (q2) was 0.976. The utility of the generated model was validated by the enrichment study. The model was also validated with structurally diverse external test set of ten compounds. Contour plot analysis of the generated model unveiled the chemical features necessary for the E. coli ParE enzyme inhibition. Extra-precision docking result revealed that hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions play a major role in ParE protein-ligand binding. Binding free energy was computed for the data set inhibitors to validate the binding affinity. A 30-ns molecular dynamics simulation showed high stability and effective binding of inhibitor 34 within the active site of ParE enzyme. Using the best fitted model AADHR.187, pharmacophore-based high-throughput virtual screening was performed to identify virtual hits. Based on the above studies three new molecules are proposed as E. coli ParE inhibitors with high binding affinity and favourable ADME properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Afzal Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India(1).
| | - Janarthanan Thathan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India(1)
| | - Srikanth Jupudi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India(1)
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7
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Dellgren L, Claesson C, Högdahl M, Forsberg J, Hanberger H, Nilsson LE, Hällgren A. Phenotypic screening for quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 38:1765-1771. [PMID: 31214796 PMCID: PMC6695352 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03608-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies show that rectal colonization with low-level ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli (ciprofloxacin minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) above the epidemiological cutoff point, but below the clinical breakpoint for resistance), i.e., in the range > 0.06-0.5 mg/L is an independent risk factor for febrile urinary tract infection after transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS-B) of the prostate, adding to the other risk posed by established ciprofloxacin resistance in E. coli (MIC > 0.5 mg/L) as currently defined. We aimed to identify the quinolone that by disk diffusion best discriminates phenotypic wild-type isolates (ciprofloxacin MIC ≤ 0.06 mg/L) of E. coli from isolates with acquired resistance, and to determine the resistance genotype of each isolate. The susceptibility of 108 E. coli isolates was evaluated by ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, nalidixic acid, and pefloxacin disk diffusion and correlated to ciprofloxacin MIC (broth microdilution) using EUCAST methodology. Genotypic resistance was identified by PCR and DNA sequencing. The specificity was 100% for all quinolone disks. Sensitivity varied substantially, as follows: ciprofloxacin 59%, levofloxacin 46%, moxifloxacin 59%, nalidixic acid 97%, and pefloxacin 97%. We suggest that in situations where low-level quinolone resistance might be of importance, such as when screening for quinolone resistance in fecal samples pre-TRUS-B, a pefloxacin (S ≥ 24 mm) or nalidixic acid (S ≥ 19 mm) disk, or a combination of the two, should be used. In a setting where plasmid-mediated resistance is prevalent, pefloxacin might perform better than nalidixic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Dellgren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Carina Claesson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Högdahl
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jon Forsberg
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Urology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Håkan Hanberger
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lennart E Nilsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anita Hällgren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
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8
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Mermer A, Faiz O, Demirbas A, Demirbas N, Alagumuthu M, Arumugam S. Piperazine-azole-fluoroquinolone hybrids: Conventional and microwave irradiated synthesis, biological activity screening and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2019; 85:308-318. [PMID: 30654222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of new 1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives was obtained via several steps sequential reactions of phenyl piperazine. Then, these compounds were converted to the corresponding fluoroquinolone hybrids via one pot three component Mannich reaction. All the reactions were examined under conventional and microwave mediated conditions, and optimum conditions were determined. The effect of different solvents and microwave power on microwave prompted reactions was investigated as well. All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and EI MS spectral techniques. The antimicrobial activity, DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase IV inhibition potentials were performed. The results obtained showed that fluoroquinolone hybrids possess good antimicrobial activity. Moreover, Fluoroquinolone-azole-piperazine hybrids synthesized in the present study displayed excellent DNA gyrase inhibition. To unveil the interaction mode of compounds to receptor, a molecular docking study was performed. With an average least binding energy of -9.5 kcal/mol, all compounds were found to have remarkable inhibitory potentials against DNA gyrase (E. coli).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Mermer
- Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Chemistry 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Faiz
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Department of Chemistry, 53100 Rize, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Demirbas
- Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Chemistry 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Demirbas
- Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Chemistry 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Manikandan Alagumuthu
- Dept. of Biotechnology, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Sivakumar Arumugam
- Dept. of Biotechnology, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore 632014, India
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Shi Q, Huang J, Sun Y, Deng R, Teng M, Li Q, Yang Y, Hu X, Zhang Z, Zhang G. A SERS-based multiple immuno-nanoprobe for ultrasensitive detection of neomycin and quinolone antibiotics via a lateral flow assay. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2556-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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10
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Li T, Guo J, Zhang H. Design and examination of potent pseudosubstrate-based oligonucleotide inhibitors against bacterial topoisomerase IV. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4817-4822. [PMID: 29017783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Topoisomerase IV is an enzyme that is mainly responsible for unwinding interlocked DNA strands at the final stage of prokaryotic DNA replication. Due to its exclusivity in prokaryotes, topoisomerase IV has been identified as a validated target for quinolone-based antibiotics in the past years for treating bacterial infection. In consideration that bacterial resistance to such antibiotics has occurred constantly, several newly designed pseudosubstrate oligonucleotides as DNA topoisomerase IV inhibitors have been examined during our recent investigations. Among them, the nick-, gap- and mismatched base pair-containing oligonucleotides displayed significantly high inhibitory effects toward topoisomerase IV. It is our anticipation that the outcomes of our current studies could be beneficial for the future development of pseudosubstrate-based enzyme inhibitors as well as new types of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Li
- Lexington High School, 251 Waltham Street, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Juanjuan Guo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Hao Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
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Grätz S, Kerwat D, Kretz J, von Eckardstein L, Semsary S, Seidel M, Kunert M, Weston JB, Süssmuth RD. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Albicidin Derivatives with Variations of the Central Cyanoalanine Building Block. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1499-502. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Grätz
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Dennis Kerwat
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Julian Kretz
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Leonard von Eckardstein
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Siamak Semsary
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Maria Seidel
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Maria Kunert
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - John B. Weston
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - R. D. Süssmuth
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Germany
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12
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Manosuthi W, Wiboonchutikul S. Treatment outcomes of oral sitafloxacin in acute complicated urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:410. [PMID: 27069830 PMCID: PMC4821846 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2044-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Data on the success rate of sitafloxacin treatment in acute complicated urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis are limited. Objectives To determine the success rate of a new oral fluoroquinolone, sitafloxacin, in acute complicated urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis. Methods A prospective study of 30 patients who were diagnosed with acute complicated urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis was conducted. Oral sitafloxacin 50 mg twice a day was given for 7 days. All patients were followed up at baseline, day 7, and day 14. Results The patient sample included 67 % females; the mean ± SD age was 49 ± 13 years. Twenty-one (70 %) patients had acute pyelonephritis and 9 (30 %) had complicated urinary tract infections. Twenty-two patients were positive for uropathogens. The most frequently isolated pathogen was E. coli 11 non-extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing and 5 ESBL-producing strains. Of the 22 isolated uropathogens, 19 (86 %) isolates were sensitive to sitafloxacin. At day 14, 29 of 30 (97 %) were clinically cured and 21 of 22 (95 %) were microbiologically cured. No patients discontinued sitafloxacin due to adverse events. Conclusions These results support the use of oral sitafloxacin in complicated urinary tract infections and acute pyelonephritis. However, further larger studies are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weerawat Manosuthi
- Department of Medicine, Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Tiwanon Road, Nonthaburi, 11000 Thailand
| | - Surasak Wiboonchutikul
- Department of Medicine, Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Tiwanon Road, Nonthaburi, 11000 Thailand
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13
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Venepally V, Prasad RBN, Poornachandra Y, Kumar CG, Jala RCR. Synthesis of novel ethyl 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-7-(fatty amido)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylate derivatives and their biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 26:613-617. [PMID: 26646219 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel ethyl 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-7-(fatty amido)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylate derivatives were prepared through multistep synthesis. The key step in the synthesis was to obtain the C-7 fatty amide derivative. The azide was selectively formed at C-7 position using sodium azide at 60°C. Subsequently, the azide was reduced under mild conditions using zinc and ammonium chloride to form the corresponding amine. The synthesized derivatives were further subjected to biological evaluation studies like cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cell lines such as DU145, A549, SKOV3, MCF7 and normal lung cells, IMR-90 as well as with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. It was observed that the carboxylated quinolone derivatives with hexanoic (8a), octanoic (8b), lauric (8d) and myristic (8e) moieties exhibited promising cytotoxicity against all the tested cancer cell lines. The results also suggested that hexanoic acid-based fatty amide carboxylated quinolone derivative (8a) exhibited promising activity against both bacterial and fungal strains and significant antibacterial activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 (MIC value of 3.9μg/mL). The compound 8a also showed excellent anti-biofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 and Bacillus subtilis MTCC 121 with MIC values of 2.1 and 4.6μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayendar Venepally
- Centre for Lipid Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - R B N Prasad
- Centre for Lipid Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Y Poornachandra
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - C Ganesh Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ram Chandra Reddy Jala
- Centre for Lipid Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.
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14
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Lin TY, Nagano S, Gardiner Heddle J. Functional Analyses of the Toxoplasma gondii DNA Gyrase Holoenzyme: A Janus Topoisomerase with Supercoiling and Decatenation Abilities. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14491. [PMID: 26412236 PMCID: PMC4585971 DOI: 10.1038/srep14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of important protozoan parasites including those responsible for toxoplasmosis and malaria belong to the phylum Apicomplexa and are characterised by their possession of a relict plastid, the apicoplast. Being required for survival, apicoplasts are potentially useful drug targets and their attractiveness is increased by the fact that they contain “bacterial” gyrase, a well-established antibacterial drug target. We have cloned and purified the gyrase proteins from the apicoplast of Toxoplasma gondii (the cause of toxoplasmosis), reconstituted the functional enzyme and succeeded in characterising it. We discovered that the enzyme is inhibited by known gyrase inhibitors and that, as well as the expected supercoiling activity, it is also able to decatenate DNA with high efficiency. This unusual dual functionality may be related to the apparent lack of topoisomerase IV in the apicoplast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Lin
- Heddle Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Soshichiro Nagano
- Heddle Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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15
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Determination of the primary molecular target of 1,2,4-triazole-ciprofloxacin hybrids. Molecules 2015; 20:6254-72. [PMID: 25859782 PMCID: PMC6272816 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20046254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We have synthesized and examined the antibacterial activity, toxicity and affinity towards bacterial type II topoisomerases of a series of 1,2,4-triazole-ciprofloxacin hybrids. A number of these compounds displayed enhanced activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria when compared to ciprofloxacin. The toxic concentrations of the obtained derivatives, evaluated on HEK-293 cells using MTT assay, were much higher than concentrations required to produce antibacterial effect. Finally, the results of enzymatic studies showed that the analyzed compounds demonstrated other preferences as regards primary and secondary molecular targets than ciprofloxacin.
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16
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Ragheb MA, Eldesouki MA, Mohamed MS. DNA binding, photo-induced DNA cleavage and cytotoxicity studies of lomefloxacin and its transition metal complexes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 138:585-595. [PMID: 25541395 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This work was focused on a study of the DNA binding and cleavage properties of lomefloxacin (LMF) and its ternary transition metal complexes with glycine. The nature of the binding interactions between compounds and calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was studied by electronic absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra and thermal denaturation experiments. The obtained results revealed that LMF and its complexes could interact with CT-DNA via partial/moderate intercalative mode. Furthermore, the DNA cleavage activities of the compounds were investigated by gel electrophoresis. Mechanistic studies of DNA cleavage suggest that singlet oxygen ((1)O2) is likely to be the cleaving agent via an oxidative pathway, except for Cu(II) complex which proceeds via both oxidative and hydrolytic pathways. Antimicrobial and antitumor activities of the compounds were also studied against some kinds of bacteria, fungi and human cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Ragheb
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Speciality, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Eldesouki
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Speciality, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mervat S Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Speciality, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt.
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17
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Feng L, Maddox MM, Alam MZ, Tsutsumi LS, Narula G, Bruhn DF, Wu X, Sandhaus S, Lee RB, Simmons CJ, Tse-Dinh YC, Hurdle JG, Lee RE, Sun D. Synthesis, structure-activity relationship studies, and antibacterial evaluation of 4-chromanones and chalcones, as well as olympicin A and derivatives. J Med Chem 2014; 57:8398-420. [PMID: 25238443 PMCID: PMC4207537 DOI: 10.1021/jm500853v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
![]()
On
the basis of recently reported abyssinone II and olympicin A, a series
of chemically modified flavonoid phytochemicals were synthesized and
evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and
a panel of Gram-positive and -negative bacterial pathogens. Some of
the synthesized compounds exhibited good antibacterial activities
against Gram-positive pathogens including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration
as low as 0.39 μg/mL. SAR analysis revealed that the 2-hydrophobic
substituent and the 4-hydrogen bond donor/acceptor of the 4-chromanone
scaffold together with the hydroxy groups at 5- and 7-positions enhanced
antibacterial activities; the 2′,4′-dihydroxylated A
ring and the lipophilic substituted B ring of chalcone derivatives
were pharmacophoric elements for antibacterial activities. Mode of
action studies performed on selected compounds revealed that they
dissipated the bacterial membrane potential, resulting in the inhibition
of macromolecular biosynthesis; further studies showed that selected
compounds inhibited DNA topoisomerase IV, suggesting complex mechanisms
of actions for compounds in this series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo , 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
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18
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Abstract
In contrast with most bacteria which possess two type II topoisomerases (topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase), Mycobacterium tuberculosis possesses only one, DNA gyrase, which is functionally a hybrid enzyme. Functional differences between the two type IIA topoisomerases are thought to be specified by a CTD (C-terminal DNA-binding domain), which controls DNA recognition. To explore the molecular mechanism responsible for the hybrid functions of the M. tuberculosis DNA gyrase, we conducted a series of sequence analyses and structural and biochemical experiments with the isolated GyrA CTD and the holoenzyme. Although the CTD displayed a global structure similar to that of bona fide GyrA and ParC paralogues, it harbours a second key motif similar in all respects to that of the conserved GyrA-box sequence motif. Biochemical assays showed that the GyrA-box is responsible for DNA supercoiling, whereas the second GyrA-box-l (GyrA-box-like motif) is responsible for the enhanced decatenation activity, suggesting that the mechanistic originality of M. tuberculosis DNA gyrase depends largely on the particular DNA path around the CTD allowed for by the presence of GyrA-box-l. The results of the present study also provide, through phylogenetic exploration of the entire Corynebacterineae suborder, a new and broader insight into the functional diversity of bacterial type IIA topoisomerases.
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19
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Cheng G, Hao H, Dai M, Liu Z, Yuan Z. Antibacterial action of quinolones: From target to network. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 66:555-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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El-Shwiniy WH, El-Attar MS, Sadeek SA. Metal Complexes of Enrofloxacin Part I: Preparation, Spectroscopic, Thermal Analyses Studies and Antimicrobial Evaluation. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2013.57.1.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Synthesis and antibacterial activity of new fluoroquinolones containing a cis- or trans-cyclohexane moiety. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:7688-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.09.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Antimicrobial properties of 8-hydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid for treatment of implant-associated infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 57:333-42. [PMID: 23114780 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01735-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment options are limited for implant-associated infections (IAI) that are mainly caused by biofilm-forming staphylococci. We report here on the activity of the serrulatane compound 8-hydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid (EN4), a diterpene isolated from the Australian plant Eremophila neglecta. EN4 elicited antimicrobial activity toward various Gram-positive bacteria but not to Gram-negative bacteria. It showed a similar bactericidal effect against logarithmic-phase, stationary-phase, and adherent Staphylococcus epidermidis, as well as against methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S. aureus with MICs of 25 to 50 μg/ml and MBCs of 50 to 100 μg/ml. The bactericidal activity of EN4 was similar against S. epidermidis and its Δica mutant, which is unable to produce polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-mediated biofilm. In time-kill studies, EN4 exhibited a rapid and concentration-dependent killing of staphylococci, reducing bacterial counts by >3 log(10) CFU/ml within 5 min at concentrations of >50 μg/ml. Investigation of the mode of action of EN4 revealed membranolytic properties and a general inhibition of macromolecular biosynthesis, suggesting a multitarget activity. In vitro-tested cytotoxicity on eukaryotic cells was time and concentration dependent in the range of the MBCs. EN4 was then tested in a mouse tissue cage model, where it showed neither bactericidal nor cytotoxic effects, indicating an inhibition of its activity. Inhibition assays revealed that this was caused by interactions with albumin. Overall, these findings suggest that, upon structural changes, EN4 might be a promising pharmacophore for the development of new antimicrobials to treat IAI.
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23
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Patel MN, Joshi HN, Patel CR. Interactions with herring sperm DNA and biological studies of sparfloxacin drug-based copper(II) compounds. Appl Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.2919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohan N. Patel
- Department of Chemistry; Sardar Patel University; Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
| | - Hardik N. Joshi
- Department of Chemistry; Sardar Patel University; Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
| | - Chintan R. Patel
- Department of Chemistry; Sardar Patel University; Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
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24
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Ghebremedhin B. Bacterial Infections in the Elderly Patient: Focus on Sitafloxacin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4137/cmt.s7435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Sitafloxacin (DU-6859a) is a new-generation oral fluoroquinolone with in vitro activity against a broad range of Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, including anaerobic bacteria, as well as against atypical bacterial pathogens. Particularly in Japan this antibiotic was approved in 2008 for treatment of a number of bacterial infections caused by Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative cocci and rods, including anaerobia atypical bacterial pathogens. As compared to oral levofloxacin sitafloxacin was non-inferior in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and non-inferior in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, according to the results of randomized, double-blind, multicentre, non-inferiority trials. Non-comparative studies demonstrated the efficacy of oral sitafloxacin in otorhinolaryngological infections, urethritis in men, cervicitis in women and odontogenic infections. Most common adverse reactions were gastrointestinal disorders and laboratory abnormalities in patients receiving oral sitafloxacin; diarrhea and liver enzyme elevations were among the common. In the Japanese population sitafloxacin covers broad spectrum of bacteria as compared to carbapenems, whereas in the Caucasians its use is currently limited due to the potential for ultraviolet A phototoxicity. Sitafloxacin is a promising therapeutic agent which merits further investigation in randomized clinical trials of elderly patients.
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25
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Cormier R, Burda WN, Harrington L, Edlinger J, Kodigepalli KM, Thomas J, Kapolka R, Roma G, Anderson BE, Turos E, Shaw LN. Studies on the antimicrobial properties of N-acylated ciprofloxacins. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:6513-20. [PMID: 22995622 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics have been a mainstay in the treatment of bacterial diseases. The most notable representative, ciprofloxacin, possesses potent antimicrobial activity; however, a rise in resistance to this agent necessitates development of novel derivatives to prolong the clinical lifespan of these antibiotics. Herein we have synthesized and analyzed the antimicrobial properties of a library of N-acylated ciprofloxacin analogues. We find that these compounds are broadly effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with many proving more effective than the parental drug, and several possessing MICs ≤1.0 μg/ml against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Bartonella species. An analysis of spontaneous mutation frequencies reveals very low potential for resistance in MRSA compared to existing fluoroquinolones. Mode of action profiling reveals that modification of the piperazinyl nitrogen by acylation does not alter the effect of these molecules towards their bacterial target. We also present evidence that these N-acylated compounds are highly effective at killing intracellular bacteria, suggesting the suitability of these antibiotics for therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Cormier
- Center for Molecular Diversity in Drug Design, Discovery, and Delivery, Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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26
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Azéma J, Guidetti B, Korolyov A, Kiss R, Roques C, Constant P, Daffé M, Malet-Martino M. Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacterial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:6025-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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27
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Preparation and Thermal Decomposition of the Polyoxometalate Complexes of Ciprofloxacin with H nXW 12O 40 (X=B, Si, P). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The polyoxometalate complexes of ciprofloxacin with HnXW12O40(X=B, Si, P) were prepared from ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and HnXW12O40·nH2O (X=B, Si, P) in aqueous solution, and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and TG-DTA. The IR spectrum confirmed the presence of Keggin-type anion of heteropoly acids and the characteristic functional group of ciprofloxacin after the polyoxometalate complexes are formed. The TG/DTA curves showed that their thermal decomposition was a more-steps process consisting of simultaneous processes involving also Keggin anion. The residue of decomposition is a mixture of WO3and B2O3, SiO2or P2O5, confirmed by X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. And the possible thermal decomposition mechanisms of the complexes are proposed.
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28
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Heeb S, Fletcher MP, Chhabra SR, Diggle SP, Williams P, Cámara M. Quinolones: from antibiotics to autoinducers. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2011; 35:247-74. [PMID: 20738404 PMCID: PMC3053476 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2010.00247.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Since quinine was first isolated, animals, plants and microorganisms producing a wide variety of quinolone compounds have been discovered, several of which possess medicinally interesting properties ranging from antiallergenic and anticancer to antimicrobial activities. Over the years, these have served in the development of many synthetic drugs, including the successful fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and related bacteria produce a number of 2-alkyl-4(1H)-quinolones, some of which exhibit antimicrobial activity. However, quinolones such as the Pseudomonas quinolone signal and 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline act as quorum-sensing signal molecules, controlling the expression of many virulence genes as a function of cell population density. Here, we review selectively this extensive family of bicyclic compounds, from natural and synthetic antimicrobials to signalling molecules, with a special emphasis on the biology of P. aeruginosa. In particular, we review their nomenclature and biochemistry, their multiple properties as membrane-interacting compounds, inhibitors of the cytochrome bc1 complex and iron chelators, as well as the regulation of their biosynthesis and their integration into the intricate quorum-sensing regulatory networks governing virulence and secondary metabolite gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Heeb
- School of Molecular Medical Sciences, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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29
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30
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Wang Y, Lin GW, Hong J, Li L, Yang YM, Lu T. Synthesis, structure, DNA binding and cleavage ability of a new copper ciprofloxacin complex. J COORD CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2010.515986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- a College of Basic Science , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Wu Lin
- a College of Basic Science , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jin Hong
- a College of Basic Science , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- a College of Basic Science , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Mei Yang
- a College of Basic Science , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- a College of Basic Science , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
- b Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
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31
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Sadeek SA, El-Shwiniy WH. Preparation, structure and microbial evaluation of metal complexes of the second generation quinolone antibacterial drug lomefloxacin. J Mol Struct 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Chai Y, Liu M, Wang B, You X, Feng L, Zhang Y, Cao J, Guo H. Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:5195-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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34
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Zhang YB, Feng LS, You XF, Guo Q, Guo HY, Liu ML. Synthesis andIn VitroAntibacterial Activity of 7-(3-Alkoxyimino-4-methyl-4-methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)-fluoroquinolone Derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2010; 343:143-51. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200900191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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35
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A comparative analysis of chromosomal aberrations in cultured human lymphocytes due to fluoroquinolone drugs at different expression periods. Arch Toxicol 2010; 84:411-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-009-0509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial, antifungal, and immunomodulating activities of gatifloxacin derivatives. Med Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-009-9264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Antimicrobial resistance and genetic characterization of fluoroquinolone-resistant Mannheimia haemolytica isolates from cattle with bovine pneumonia. Vet Microbiol 2009; 139:74-9. [PMID: 19428195 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Revised: 04/06/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular characterization of quinolone-resistant Mannheimia haemolytica was conducted. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 229 M. haemolytica isolates which were obtained from cattle with bovine respiratory disease during the period 1984-2006, was determined using 14 antimicrobial agents. Of the 229 isolates, 114 (49.8%) were resistant to at least one agent and resistance rates ranged from 4.8% to 31.4%. Resistance rates for dihydrostreptomycin, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, ampicillin, amoxicillin, thiamphenicol, kanamycin chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, enrofloxacin, and danofloxacin were 31.4%, 20.5%, 18.3%, 19.2%, 16.6%, 10.9%, 11.4%, 10.5%, 17.0%, 4.8% and 4.8%, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of the quinolone resistance-determining regions of the gyrA and parC genes of nalidixic acid-resistant M. haemolytica were determined. All nalidixic acid-resistant strains possessed at least one amino acid substitution in each of the GyrA and ParC fragments investigated. These results suggest that M. haemolytica require at least one amino acid substitution in both GyrA and ParC in order to attain significant levels of resistance to quinolones. All fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates belonged to serotype 6, and their genotype by PFGE analysis was identical. This result indicates that fluoroquinolone-resistant M. haemolytica strains have clonally expanded.
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38
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Cambau E, Matrat S, Pan XS, Roth Dit Bettoni R, Corbel C, Aubry A, Lascols C, Driot JY, Fisher LM. Target specificity of the new fluoroquinolone besifloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother 2009; 63:443-50. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkn528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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39
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Nag K, Keough K, Montero MT, Trias J, Pons M, Hernandez-Borrell J. Evidence of Segregation of a Quinolone Antibiotic in Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine Environment. J Liposome Res 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/08982109609039923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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40
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Soejima T, Iida KI, Qin T, Taniai H, Seki M, Takade A, Yoshida SI. Photoactivated ethidium monoazide directly cleaves bacterial DNA and is applied to PCR for discrimination of live and dead bacteria. Microbiol Immunol 2008; 51:763-75. [PMID: 17704639 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2007.tb03966.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ethidium monoazide (EMA) is a DNA intercalating agent and a eukaryotic topoisomerase II poison. We found that EMA treatment and subsequent visible light irradiation (photoactivation or photolysis) shows a bactericidal effect, hence the mechanism was analyzed. When bacterial cells were treated with more than 10 microg/ml of EMA for 1 hr plus photoactivation for 20 min, cleavage of bacterial DNA was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis and electron microscopic studies. The cleavage of chromosomal DNA was seen when it was treated in vitro with EMA and photolysis, which showed that the cleavage directly took place without the assistance of DNA gyrase/topoisomerase IV and the DNA repair enzymes of bacteria. It was also verified, by using negatively supercoiled pBR322 DNA, that medium/high concentrations of EMA (1 to 100 microg/ml) led to breaks of double-stranded DNA and that low concentrations of EMA (10 to 100 ng/ml) generated a single-stranded break. EMA is known to easily penetrate dead but not live bacteria. After treatment of 10 microg/ml of EMA for 30 min and photoactivation for 5 min, EMA cleaved the DNA of dead but not live Klebsiella oxytoca. When the cleaved DNA was used for templates in PCR targeting 16S rDNA, PCR product from the dead bacteria was completely suppressed. We demonstrated that EMA and photolysis directly cleaved bacterial DNA and are effective tools for discriminating live from dead bacteria by PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Soejima
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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41
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Dang Z, Yang Y, Ji R, Zhang S. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolones containing substituted piperidines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:4523-6. [PMID: 17566733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2007] [Revised: 05/16/2007] [Accepted: 05/31/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of new fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents having substituted piperidine rings at the C-7 position are described. Most of the new compounds demonstrated high in vitro antibacterial activity. Several of them exhibited significant activities against gram-positive organisms, which were more potent than those of gemifloxacin, Linezolid, and vancomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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42
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Yu LC, Chen ZF, Liang H, Zhou CS, Fun HK. Hydrothermal synthesis, crystal structure and antibacterial studies of nickel(II) and manganese(II) complexes with ciprofloxacin. J COORD CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00958970500438136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Cai Yu
- a College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004, P.R. China
- b College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of Central-South University , Changsha 410012, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Feng Chen
- a College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liang
- a College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004, P.R. China
- b College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of Central-South University , Changsha 410012, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Shan Zhou
- b College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of Central-South University , Changsha 410012, P.R. China
| | - Hoong-Kun Fun
- c X-ray Crystallography Unit , School of Physics , Universiti Sains Malaysia , 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
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Aubry A, Fisher LM, Jarlier V, Cambau E. First functional characterization of a singly expressed bacterial type II topoisomerase: the enzyme from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 348:158-65. [PMID: 16876125 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2006] [Accepted: 07/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Genome deciphering revealed that Mycobacterium tuberculosis encodes a single type II topoisomerase contrary to common bacteria harboring two type II topoisomerases (DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV). Functions of the M. tuberculosis type II topoisomerase were explored after cloning and expressing the subunits encoding genes in Escherichia coli. M. tuberculosis type II topoisomerase supercoiled relaxed pBR322 with a specific activity close to that of DNA gyrases of common bacteria whereas it exhibited DNA relaxation and formation of cleavable complexes with activities significantly higher than other DNA gyrases. Intermolecular passage activity evaluated by the decatenation of kinetoplast DNA was 25-fold lower than that of the topoisomerase IV from Streptococcus pneumoniae, but was markedly higher than that of the E. coli gyrase. Overall, the type II topoisomerase of M. tuberculosis exhibits classical polyvalent activities of DNA gyrase for supercoiling but enhanced relaxation, cleavage, and decatenation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Aubry
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, EA1541, Université Paris 6, France
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Sriram D, Bal TR, Yogeeswari P, Radha DR, Nagaraja V. Evaluation of antimycobacterial and DNA gyrase inhibition of fluoroquinolone derivatives. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2006; 52:195-200. [PMID: 17116967 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.52.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The antimycobacterial activity (both in vitro and in vivo) and DNA gyrase inhibition of newly synthesized fluoroquinolone derivatives were tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv and Mycobacterium smegmatis, respectively. Among the synthesized compounds, compound F11 was found to exhibit the most potent in vitro antimycobacterial activity with a MIC value of 0.78 microg/ml, and a selectivity index of more than 80 while not being cytotoxic to the Vero cell line up to 62.5 microg/ml. When evaluated for in vivo antimycobacterial activity, compound F11 demonstrated a paramount decrease of bacterial load in lung and spleen tissues compared to the control and better than the standard drug ciprofloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmarajan Sriram
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India.
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45
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Hopkins KL, Davies RH, Threlfall EJ. Mechanisms of quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella: Recent developments. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005; 25:358-73. [PMID: 15848289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antimicrobials highly effective for treatment of a variety of clinical and veterinary infections. Their antibacterial activity is due to inhibition of DNA replication. Usually resistance arises spontaneously due to point mutations that result in amino acid substitutions within the topoisomerase subunits GyrA, GyrB, ParC or ParE, decreased expression of outer membrane porins, or overexpression of multidrug efflux pumps. In addition, the recent discovery of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance could result in horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance between strains. Acquisition of high-level resistance appears to be a multifactorial process. Care needs to taken to avoid overuse of this important class of antimicrobial in both human and veterinary medicine to prevent an increase in the occurrence of resistant zoonotic and non-zoonotic bacterial pathogens that could subsequently cause human or animal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie L Hopkins
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Laboratory of Enteric Pathogens, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK.
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Johnson EP, Yao S, Helinski DR. Gyrase inhibitors and thymine starvation disrupt the normal pattern of plasmid RK2 localization in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 2005; 187:3538-47. [PMID: 15866942 PMCID: PMC1112003 DOI: 10.1128/jb.187.10.3538-3547.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2004] [Accepted: 02/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicopy plasmids in Escherichia coli are not randomly distributed throughout the cell but exist as defined clusters that are localized at the mid-cell, or at the 1/4 and 3/4 cell length positions. To explore the factors that contribute to plasmid clustering and localization, E. coli cells carrying a plasmid RK2 derivative that can be tagged with a green fluorescent protein-LacI fusion protein were subjected to various conditions that interfere with plasmid superhelicity and/or DNA replication. The various treatments included thymine starvation and the addition of the gyrase inhibitors nalidixic acid and novobiocin. In each case, localization of plasmid clusters at the preferred positions was disrupted but the plasmids remained in clusters, suggesting that normal plasmid superhelicity and DNA synthesis in elongating cells are not required for the clustering of individual plasmid molecules. It was also observed that the inhibition of DNA replication by these treatments produced filaments in which the plasmid clusters were confined to one or two nucleoid bodies, which were located near the midline of the filament and were not evenly spaced throughout the filament, as is found in cells treated with cephalexin. Finally, the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein-RarA fusion protein was used to localize the replication complex in individual E. coli cells. Novobiocin and nalidixic acid treatment both resulted in rapid loss of RarA foci. Under these conditions the RK2 plasmid clusters were not disassembled, suggesting that a completely intact replication complex is not required for plasmid clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik P Johnson
- Center for Molecular Genetics and Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0322, USA
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47
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Metalloantitubercular compounds Part 3: Synthesis, crystal structure, spectroscopy, electrochemistry and antimycobacterial activity of the copper(II) ciproploxacin (cfH) complex and its phenanthroline adduct. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-004-5861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dupont P, Aubry A, Cambau E, Gutmann L. Contribution of the ATP binding site of ParE to susceptibility to novobiocin and quinolones in Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Bacteriol 2005; 187:1536-40. [PMID: 15687222 PMCID: PMC545609 DOI: 10.1128/jb.187.4.1536-1540.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In Streptococcus pneumoniae, an H103Y substitution in the ATP binding site of the ParE subunit of topoisomerase IV was shown to confer quinolone resistance and hypersensitivity to novobiocin when associated with an S84F change in the A subunit of DNA gyrase. We reconstituted in vitro the wild-type topoisomerase IV and its ParE mutant. The ParE mutant enzyme showed a decreased activity for decatenation at subsaturating ATP levels and was more sensitive to inhibition by novobiocin but was as sensitive to quinolones. These results show that the ParE alteration H103Y alone is not responsible for quinolone resistance and agree with the assumption that it facilitates the open conformation of the ATP binding site that would lead to novobiocin hypersensitivity and to a higher requirement of ATP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Dupont
- INSERM E0004, Laboratoire de Recherche Moléculaire sur les Antibiotiques, 15, rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, Université Paris VI, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
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Tran TP, Ellsworth EL, Stier MA, Domagala JM, Showalter HD, Gracheck SJ, Shapiro MA, Joannides TE, Singh R. Synthesis and structural–activity relationships of 3-hydroxyquinazoline-2,4-dione antibacterial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:4405-9. [PMID: 15357962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2004] [Revised: 06/21/2004] [Accepted: 06/21/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-hydroxyquinazoline-2,4-diones was synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity. This series represents a novel addition to the DNA gyrase inhibitor class of antibacterials. Appropriate substitutions onto the core template yielded compounds with excellent potency against E. coli gyrase and significant in vitro Gram-negative and Gram-positive antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan P Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Ann Arbor Laboratories, 2800 Plymouth Road, MI 48105, USA.
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