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Yoshida M, Hayashi S, Haraguchi T, Ito M, Hatanaka Y, Yoshii M, Tatsuoka H, Tanaka S, Nagao T. Antimicrobial Activity of Positively Charged Oligopeptides with Theoretical High α-Helix Content against Cutibacterium acnes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7445. [PMID: 39000551 PMCID: PMC11242407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutibacterium acnes is abundant and commonly exists as a superficial bacteria on human skin. Recently, the resistance of C. acnes to antimicrobial agents has become a serious concern, necessitating the development of alternative pharmaceutical products with antimicrobial activity against C. acnes. To address this need, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of CKR-13-a mutant oligopeptide of FK-13 with increased net charge and theoretical α-helical content-against C. acnes in modified Gifu Anaerobic Medium broth by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). CKR-13 exerted greater antimicrobial activity against C. acnes than FK-13 in the broth at pH 7.0. The antimicrobial activity of CKR-13 with RXM against C. albicans was pH-dependent. The ionization of CKR-13 and pH-dependent growth delay of C. albicans was suggested to be associated with the increase in CKR-13 antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyako Yoshida
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68 Koshien 9-Bancho, Nishinomiya City 663-8179, Hyogo, Japan; (S.H.); (T.H.); (M.I.)
| | - Saki Hayashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68 Koshien 9-Bancho, Nishinomiya City 663-8179, Hyogo, Japan; (S.H.); (T.H.); (M.I.)
| | - Tamami Haraguchi
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68 Koshien 9-Bancho, Nishinomiya City 663-8179, Hyogo, Japan; (S.H.); (T.H.); (M.I.)
| | - Momoka Ito
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68 Koshien 9-Bancho, Nishinomiya City 663-8179, Hyogo, Japan; (S.H.); (T.H.); (M.I.)
| | - Yoshiro Hatanaka
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku, Osaka City 536-8553, Osaka, Japan; (Y.H.); (M.Y.); (H.T.); (S.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Miki Yoshii
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku, Osaka City 536-8553, Osaka, Japan; (Y.H.); (M.Y.); (H.T.); (S.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Hiroaki Tatsuoka
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku, Osaka City 536-8553, Osaka, Japan; (Y.H.); (M.Y.); (H.T.); (S.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Shigemitsu Tanaka
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku, Osaka City 536-8553, Osaka, Japan; (Y.H.); (M.Y.); (H.T.); (S.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Toshihiro Nagao
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku, Osaka City 536-8553, Osaka, Japan; (Y.H.); (M.Y.); (H.T.); (S.T.); (T.N.)
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Dhaliwal D, Bhargava R, Movahed MR. Fusobacterium nucleatum endocarditis: a case report and literature review. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 2023; 13:29-31. [PMID: 36938520 PMCID: PMC10017923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Fusobacteria is anaerobic gram-negative rods, which frequently colonize the oral cavity and can rarely cause deadly diseases in humans. The two most commonly found in this group of bacteria are fusobacterium necrophorum and fusobacterium nucleatum. Only a handful of cases of endocarditis due to fusobacterium have been reported. We describe an 86-year-old male who had a recent tooth extraction presenting to the emergency department with weakness lightheadedness, and pain in his right elbow. He had a low-grade fever of 100.8°. The patient was discharged home but came back less than 24 hours with a fever of 102° and chills and again after the second discharge with sepsis of unknown origin. A week after initial blood cultures were drawn, fusobacterium nucleatum grew in one of two sets and his transesophageal echocardiogram revealed vegetation on his mitral valve. The patient was then successfully treated with a six weeks course of ampicillin-sulbactam. This case is followed by a review of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Movahed
- University of Arizona Server Heart CenterTucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of ArizonaPhoenix, Arizona, USA
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Kim S, Kim JJ, Jeong JH, Kim Y, Park J, Jeong DI, Kim HJ, Hwang C, Ahn SH, Ko HJ, Cho HJ. Fast dissolving nanofiber mat for the local antimicrobial application of roxithromycin in oral cavity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 131:112537. [PMID: 34857312 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fast disintegrating and dissolving nanofiber (NF) mat was devised to deliver roxithromycin for the treatment of the respiratory tract infection. NF membrane was made by an electrospinning process with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), and d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) for local application of roxithromycin. Roxithromycin has a poor water solubility thus HP-β-CD is introduced for enhancing drug solubility by forming an inclusion complex in this study. The addition of TPGS provided multiple roles such as accelerating wetting, disintegration, and dissolution speed and overcoming bacterial resistance. Roxithromycin was successfully entrapped in NF structure and drug amorphization occurred during the electrospinning process. PVA/HP-β-CD/TPGS/roxithromycin (PHTR) NF exhibited faster wetting, disintegration, and dissolution speed rather than the other NF mats. PHTR NF displayed higher antibacterial potentials in Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) compared to other NF mat formulations. The administration of PHTR NF to oral cavity in pneumococcal disease mouse model provided the most efficient therapeutic potentials in lung tissue. Designed multiple phase-based NF mat may be one of powerful local drug delivery systems for the therapy of respiratory tract infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea; Sama Pharm Co. Ltd., Wonju, Gangwon 26365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghoon Kim
- Sama Pharm Co. Ltd., Wonju, Gangwon 26365, Republic of Korea
| | - JiHye Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Da In Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - ChaeRim Hwang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ko
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Branford I, Boyen F, Johnson S, Zayas S, Chapwanya A, Butaye P, Toka FN. Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance of Dermatophilus congolensis from Cattle in Saint Kitts and Nevis. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8070135. [PMID: 34357926 PMCID: PMC8310134 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8070135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermatophilosis is a form of dermatitis caused by the bacterium Dermatophilus congolensis. The disease usually presents as localized purulent dermatitis, crusty hair masses or widespread matting of the hair. This condition is most common in domestic ruminants; but it can also affect other wild animals and humans. Antimicrobial therapy is used in many regions to treat clinical dermatophilosis with varying results. In this study, we aimed to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of D. congolensis isolates. Fifty-two isolates were obtained from animals showing clinical signs of the disease at farms in St. Kitts. The isolates were then confirmed as D. congolensis by phenotypic tests, PCR and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Furthermore, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 16 antimicrobial agents were determined, using the broth microdilution method. Although most antimicrobials showed MICs in line with published values, the tetracycline results displayed a clear bimodal distribution over the tested range, with most isolates showing low MICs and 6 isolates much higher values (+/− 100-fold increase). These results indicate the presence of acquired tetracycline resistance in D. congolensis on the island of St. Kitts. Whether the current observation has implications for efficacy of treating the disease must be confirmed in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Branford
- Department of Biosciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre 00334, Saint Kitts and Nevis; (I.B.); (S.J.); (S.Z.); (P.B.)
| | - Filip Boyen
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
| | - Shevaun Johnson
- Department of Biosciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre 00334, Saint Kitts and Nevis; (I.B.); (S.J.); (S.Z.); (P.B.)
| | - Samantha Zayas
- Department of Biosciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre 00334, Saint Kitts and Nevis; (I.B.); (S.J.); (S.Z.); (P.B.)
| | - Aspinas Chapwanya
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre 00334, Saint Kitts and Nevis;
| | - Patrick Butaye
- Department of Biosciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre 00334, Saint Kitts and Nevis; (I.B.); (S.J.); (S.Z.); (P.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
| | - Felix N. Toka
- Department of Biosciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre 00334, Saint Kitts and Nevis; (I.B.); (S.J.); (S.Z.); (P.B.)
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Effect of azithromycin on enhancement of methane production from waste activated sludge. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 41:1051-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1446-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In the methane production from waste activated sludge (WAS), complex bacterial interactions in WAS have been known as a major contribution to methane production. Therefore, the influence of bacterial community changes toward methane production from WAS was investigated by an application of antibiotics as a simple means for it. In this study, azithromycin (Azm) as an antibiotic was mainly used to observe the effect on microbial changes that influence methane production from WAS. The results showed that at the end of fermentation, Azm enhanced methane production about twofold compared to control. Azm fostered the growth of acid-producing bacterial communities, which synthesized more precursors for methane formation. DGGE result showed that the hydrolysis as well as acetogenesis stage was improved by the dominant of B1, B2 and B3 strains, which are Clostridium species. In the presence of Azm, the total population of archaeal group was increased, resulting in higher methane productivity achievement.
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Schafer F, Fich F, Lam M, Gárate C, Wozniak A, Garcia P. Antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics ofPropionibacterium acnesisolated from patients with acne. Int J Dermatol 2013; 52:418-25. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.05371.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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TW Chu D. Section Review Anti-infectives: Recent developments in 14- and 15-membered macrolides. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2008. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.4.2.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Sun J, Zhang T, Qiu F, Liu Y, Tang J, Huang H, He Z. Impact of pharmaceutical dosage forms on the pharmacokinetics of roxithromycin in healthy human volunteers. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005; 55:796-9. [PMID: 15761061 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dki082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The impact of two different pharmaceutical preparations on the pharmacokinetics of roxithromycin was investigated in healthy human volunteers. METHODS The degradation kinetics and products of roxithromycin were investigated in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid. Two oral dosage forms of roxithromycin were employed: enteric-coated pellets and dispersible tablets. RESULTS The degradation half-time of roxithromycin in simulated gastric fluid was 0.23 h, and three main degradation products were characterized. In contrast, roxithromycin was stable in simulated intestinal fluid and remained unchanged after a 1.00 h incubation. The roxithromycin enteric-coated pellets exhibited higher bioavailability and a more potent serum antibacterial activity than the dispersible tablets. CONCLUSIONS The type of oral dosage forms of roxithromycin altered its pharmacokinetics. Whether or not this affects the in vivo antibacterial efficacy requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
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Hagelskjaer Kristensen L, Prag J. Human necrobacillosis, with emphasis on Lemierre's syndrome. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 31:524-32. [PMID: 10987717 DOI: 10.1086/313970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/1999] [Revised: 12/01/1999] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lemierre's syndrome is the classical presentation of human necrobacillosis. It is characterized by a primary infection in the head in a young, previously healthy person who subsequently develops persistent high fever and disseminated metastatic abscesses, frequently including a septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein. The main pathogen is Fusobacterium necrophorum, an obligate anaerobic, pleomorphic, gram-negative rod. Clinical microbiologists have a key role in alerting clinicians and advising proper antibiotic treatment when the characteristic microscopic morphology of the pleomorphic F. necrophorum is seen in Gram stains from positive anaerobic cultures of blood and pus. Early diagnosis and prolonged appropriate antibiotic treatment with good anaerobic coverage are crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality. F. necrophorum also causes human necrobacillosis with foci caudal to the head, mainly in elderly patients with high mortality related to age and predisposing diseases, such as cancers of the primary focus.
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Jung R, Messick CR, Pendland SL, Tesoro EP, Losendahl KJ, Schriever CA, Danziger LH. Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of clarithromycin-14-hydroxy-clarithromycin, versus those of amoxicillin-clavulanate, against anaerobes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44:778-9. [PMID: 10681358 PMCID: PMC89766 DOI: 10.1128/aac.44.3.778-779.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The bactericidal activities and postantibiotic effects (PAE) of clarithromycin-14-hydroxy-clarithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanate against Bacteroides fragilis and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius were determined. A concentration of twice the MIC resulted in bactericidal activity against four of four and three of four organisms at 24 h with clarithromycin-14-hydroxy-clarithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanate, respectively. The PAE of clarithromycin-14-hydroxy-clarithromycin was 1.44 to 3.20 h, compared to the less than 1 h of amoxicillin-clavulanate. Clarithromycin-14-hydroxy-clarithromycin possesses good activity against susceptible anaerobes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jung
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
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Comparison of Agar Dilution and Broth Microdilution Methods of Anaerobic Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing using Several Veterinary Antibiotics against Clostridium perfringens Strains Originating from Porcine and Avian Sources. Anaerobe 1999. [DOI: 10.1006/anae.1999.0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Credito KL, Ednie LM, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC. Activity of telithromycin (HMR 3647) against anaerobic bacteria compared to those of eight other agents by time-kill methodology. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43:2027-31. [PMID: 10428930 PMCID: PMC89408 DOI: 10.1128/aac.43.8.2027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-kill studies examined the activities of telithromycin (HMR 3647), erythromycin A, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, clindamycin, pristinamycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and metronidazole against 11 gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Time-kill studies were carried out with the addition of Oxyrase in order to prevent the introduction of CO(2). Macrolide-azalide-ketolide MICs were 0.004 to 32.0 microg/ml. Of the latter group, telithromycin had the lowest MICs, especially against non-Bacteroides fragilis group strains, followed by azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin A, and roxithromycin. Clindamycin was active (MIC </= 2.0 microg/ml) against all anaerobes except Peptostreptococcus magnus and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, while pristinamycin MICs were 0.06 to 4.0 microg/ml. Amoxicillin-clavulanate had MICs of </=1.0 microg/ml, while metronidazole was active (MICs, 0.03 to 2.0 microg/ml) against all except Propionibacterium acnes. After 48 h at twice the MIC, telithromycin was bactericidal (>/=99.9% killing) against 6 strains, with 99% killing of 9 strains and 90% killing of 10 strains. After 24 h at twice the MIC, 90, 99, and 99.9% killing of nine, six, and three strains, respectively, occurred. Lower rates of killing were seen at earlier times. Similar kill kinetics relative to the MIC were seen with other macrolides. After 48 h at the MIC, clindamycin was bactericidal against 8 strains, with 99 and 90% killing of 9 and 10 strains, respectively. After 24 h, 90% killing of 10 strains occurred at the MIC. The kinetics of clindamycin were similar to those of pristinamycin. After 48 h at the MIC, amoxicillin-clavulanate showed 99.9% killing of seven strains, with 99% killing of eight strains and 90% killing of nine strains. At four times the MIC, metronidazole was bactericidal against 8 of 10 strains tested after 48 h and against all 10 strains after 24 h; after 12 h, 99% killing of all 10 strains occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Credito
- Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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Johnson MM, Hill SL, Piddock LJ. Effect of carbon dioxide on testing of susceptibilities of respiratory tract pathogens to macrolide and azalide antimicrobial agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43:1862-5. [PMID: 10428903 PMCID: PMC89381 DOI: 10.1128/aac.43.8.1862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro activities of erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin against 178 clinical isolates from the lower respiratory tract of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were determined by an agar dilution method. The plates were incubated in air alone or in 5% carbon dioxide. The MICs measured in air alone were lower for most isolates than those measured in 5% carbon dioxide, illustrating the "pH effect" of incubation in carbon dioxide. Testing of isolates in 5% carbon dioxide on pH-adjusted medium (pH 8.4) resulted in MICs of one or two doubling dilutions lower than those obtained on agar with a neutral pH. A bioassay of the three agents incubated in air and in 5% carbon dioxide resulted in a significant loss of activity of all three agents in the carbon dioxide-enriched atmosphere. However, this loss-of-activity effect was significantly reduced when the bioassay medium was adjusted to pH 8.4 prior to incubation in 5% carbon dioxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Johnson
- Antimicrobial Agents Research Group, Division of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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15
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Methods for Susceptibility Testing in Anaerobes: When and How they Should be Used. Anaerobe 1999. [DOI: 10.1006/anae.1999.0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Ednie LM, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC. Comparative antianaerobic activities of the ketolides HMR 3647 (RU 66647) and HMR 3004 (RU 64004). Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41:2019-22. [PMID: 9303406 PMCID: PMC164057 DOI: 10.1128/aac.41.9.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
HMR 3647 (RU 66647) and HMR 3004 (RU 64004), two ketolides, had MICs at which 50% of the strains are inhibited (MIC50s) of 0.06 to 0.125 microg/ml and MIC90s of 16.0 microg/ml against 352 anaerobes. MIC50s and MIC90s of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin were 0.5 to 2.0 microg/ml and 32.0 to >64.0 microg/ml, respectively. HMR 3647 and HMR 3004 were more active against non-Bacteroides fragilis-group anaerobes (other than Fusobacterium mortiferum, Fusobacterium varium, and Clostridium difficile).
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Ednie
- Department of Pathology (Clinical Microbiology), Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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Ednie LM, Spangler SK, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC. Antianaerobic activity of the ketolide RU 64004 compared to activities of four macrolides, five beta-lactams, clindamycin, and metronidazole. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41:1037-41. [PMID: 9145865 PMCID: PMC163846 DOI: 10.1128/aac.41.5.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Agar dilution methodology (with added Oxyrase in the case of the macrolide group to allow incubation without added CO2) was used to compare the activity of RU 64004, a new ketolide, with the activities of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, clindamycin, amoxicillin with and without clavulanate, piperacillin with and without tazobactam, metronidazole, and imipenem against 379 anaerobes. Overall, RU 64004 yielded an MIC at which 50% of the isolates are inhibited (MIC50) of 1.0 microg/ml and an MIC90 of 16.0 microg/ml. In comparison, MIC50s and MIC90s of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin were 2.0 to 8.0 and >64.0 microg/ml, respectively. MICs of macrolides, including RU 64004, were higher for Bacteroides ovatus, Fusobacterium varium, Fusobacterium mortiferum, and Clostridium difficile than for the other species. RU 64004 was more active against gram-positive rods and cocci, Prevotella and Porphyromonas spp., and fusobacteria other than F. mortiferum and F. varium than against the Bacteroides fragilis group. Overall MIC50s and MIC90s (in micrograms per milliliter), respectively, of other compounds were as follows: clindamycin, 1.0 and 16.0; amoxicillin, 4.0 and 64.0; amoxicillin-clavulanate, 0.5 and 4.0; piperacillin, 8.0 and >64.0; piperacillin-tazobactam, 1.0 and 16.0; metronidazole, 1.0 and 4.0; and imipenem, 0.25 and 1.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Ednie
- Department of Pathology (Clinical Microbiology), Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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18
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Spangler SK, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC. Bactericidal activity of DU-6859a compared to activities of three quinolones, three beta-lactams, clindamycin, and metronidazole against anaerobes as determined by time-kill methodology. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41:847-9. [PMID: 9087503 PMCID: PMC163808 DOI: 10.1128/aac.41.4.847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The activities of DU-6859a, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, clindamycin, and metronidazole against 11 anaerobes were tested by the broth microdilution and time-kill methods. DU-6859a was the most active drug tested (broth microdilution MICs, 0.06 to 0.5 microg/ml), followed by imipenem (MICs, 0.002 to 4.0 microg/ml). Broth macrodilution MICs were within 3 (but usually 1) dilutions of the broth microdilution MICs. All compounds were bactericidal at the MIC after 48 h; after 24 h, 90% killing was shown for all strains when the compounds were used at four times the MIC. DU-6859a at < or = 0.5 microg/ml was bactericidal after 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Spangler
- Department of Pathology (Clinical Microbiology), Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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Olmo D. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 1997; 7:180. [DOI: 10.1097/00019509-199704000-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Spangler SK, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC. Susceptibilities of 201 anaerobes to erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin by oxyrase agar dilution and E test methodologies. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33:1366-7. [PMID: 7615756 PMCID: PMC228167 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.33.5.1366-1367.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The susceptibility of 201 anaerobes to erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin was tested by agar dilution and E test methods by using a commercially available plate and dish system (OxyDish) to provide anaerobic conditions. Plates were incubated for 48 h. MICs for 50% of strains tested and MICs for 90% of strains tested by agar dilution and E test methods corresponded within 1 doubling dilution for all compounds. When all antibiotics were considered together, agar and E test MICs were within 1 and 2 doubling dilutions of each other in 84 to 91% and > 99% of cases, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Spangler
- Department of Pathology (Clinical Microbiology), Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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