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dela Cruz TEE, Timbreza LP, Sangvichien E, Notarte KIR, Santiago KAA. Comparative Study on the Antimicrobial Activities and Metabolic Profiles of Five Usnea Species from the Philippines. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1117. [PMID: 37998922 PMCID: PMC10672636 DOI: 10.3390/jof9111117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid emergence of resistant bacteria is occurring worldwide, endangering the efficacy of antibiotics. Hence, there is a need to search for new sources of antibiotics that either exhibit novel structures or express a new mechanism of action. The lichen Usnea, with its wide range of unique, biologically potent secondary metabolites, may solve this problem. In this study, Usnea species were collected in the Northern Philippines, identified through combined morphological and biochemical characterization, and tested for antimicrobial activities against the multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens, i.e., Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter cloacae, two standard antibiotic-sensitive test bacteria, and a yeast. A total of 46 lichen specimens were collected and later identified as Usnea baileyi (10), U. diffracta (10), U. glabrata (12), U. longissima (4), and U. rubicunda (10). The results show that the crude extracts of the Usnea species exhibited promising in vitro inhibitory activities against standard antibiotic-sensitive (E. faecalis ATCC 29212) and multidrug-resistant (methicillin-resistant S. aureus and E. faecalis) Gram-positive bacteria. Additionally, lichen compounds of representative specimens per species were identified and profiled using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The detection of lichen acids (LA) via HPLC showed the presence of 24 peaks of lichen acids. TLC-bioautography identified the bioactive lichen acids as alectronic acid, connorstictic acid, consalazinic acid, diffractaic acid, echinocarpic acid, erythrin acid, galbinic acid, hypoconstictic acid, hyposalazinic acid, hypostictic acid, lobaric acid, menegazzaic acid, micareic acid, pannarin, salazinic acid, stictic acid, and usnic acid. Our study highlighted the wide spectrum of opportunities for using lichens for the discovery of potential antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Edison E. dela Cruz
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Fungal Biodiversity, Ecogenomics and Systematics-Metabolomics (FBeS) Group, Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines
| | - Lawrence P. Timbreza
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Fungal Biodiversity, Ecogenomics and Systematics-Metabolomics (FBeS) Group, Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines
| | - Ek Sangvichien
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Hua Mark Bangkapi, Bangkok 10240, Thailand;
| | - Kin Israel R. Notarte
- Fungal Biodiversity, Ecogenomics and Systematics-Metabolomics (FBeS) Group, Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines
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Zhang H, Li X, Liu X, Ji X, Ma X, Chen J, Bao Y, Zhang Y, Xu L, Yang L, Wei X. The usnic acid derivative peziculone targets cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria revealed by high-throughput CRISPRi-seq analysis. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2023; 62:106876. [PMID: 37276892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.106876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Usnic acid, a representative dibenzofuran metabolite, is known to have antimicrobial properties. However, despite considerable interest as an antimicrobial agent, the mechanism by which usnic acid and its derivatives exert their action is not fully characterized. This article describes the synthesis of peziculone, a 5:1 equilibrium mixture of two inseparable usnic acid derivatives: peziculone A and peziculone B. The antibacterial activity of peziculone against several Gram-positive bacterial pathogens was found to be significantly better compared with usnic acid. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference sequencing analysis and membrane fluorescent staining were used to demonstrate that peziculone destabilizes the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria. Additionally, peziculone 2.5 and 3.5 µg/mL impaired cell surface appendages and biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus. Taken together, these data demonstrate that peziculone, a derivative compound of usnic acid, has significant antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria by targeting the cell walls; this provides a platform for development of novel antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Huizhou University, Huizhou, People's Republic of China; School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- School of Life Sciences, Huizhou University, Huizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Centre, International Cancer Centre, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Ji
- School of Life Sciences, Huizhou University, Huizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Ma
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Bao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingdan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangxiong Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Huizhou University, Huizhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang Yang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoyi Wei
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement / Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical Garden and Public Science, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Chircov C, Bîrcă AC, Dănciulescu LA, Neacșu IA, Oprea OC, Trușcă RD, Andronescu E. Usnic Acid-Loaded Magnetite Nanoparticles-A Comparative Study between Synthesis Methods. Molecules 2023; 28:5198. [PMID: 37446861 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Since cancer is a continuously increasing concern for the general population, more efficient treatment alternatives ought to be developed. In this regard, a promising direction is represented by the use of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) to act both as a nanocarrier for the targeted release of antitumoral drugs and as hyperthermia agents. Thus, the present study focused on improving the control upon the outcome properties of MNPs by using two synthesis methods, namely the co-precipitation and microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, for the incorporation of usnic acid (UA), a natural lichen-derived metabolite with proven anticancer activity. The obtained UA-loaded MNPs were thoroughly characterized regarding their morpho-structural and physicochemical properties through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). Results demonstrated the formation of magnetite as the unique mineralogical phase through both types of synthesis, with increased uniformity regarding the drug loading efficiency, size, stability, and magnetic properties obtained through the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the nanostructures against the HEK 293T cell line was investigated through the XTT assay, which further proved their potential for anticancer treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Chircov
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra Cătălina Bîrcă
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Ionela Andreea Neacșu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu-Cristian Oprea
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Doina Trușcă
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Spl. Independentei, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
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Nagar S, Pigott M, Kukula-Koch W, Sheridan H. Unravelling Novel Phytochemicals and Anticholinesterase Activity in Irish Cladonia portentosa. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104145. [PMID: 37241886 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors remain the mainstay of symptomatic treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The natural world is rich in acetylcholinesterase inhibitory molecules, and research efforts to identify novel leads is ongoing. Cladonia portentosa, commonly known as reindeer lichen, is an abundant lichen species found in Irish Boglands. The methanol extract of Irish C. portentosa was identified as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitory lead using qualitative TLC-bioautography in a screening program. To identify the active components, the extract was deconvoluted using a successive extraction process with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol to isolate the active fraction. The hexane extract demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity and was selected for further phytochemical investigations. Olivetolic acid, 4-O-methylolivetolcarboxylic acid, perlatolic acid and usnic acid were isolated and characterized using ESI-MS and two-dimensional NMR techniques. LC-MS analysis also determined the presence of the additional usnic acid derivatives, placodiolic and pseudoplacodiolic acids. Assays of the isolated components confirmed that the observed anticholinesterase activity of C. portentosa can be attributed to usnic acid (25% inhibition at 125 µM) and perlatolic acid (20% inhibition at 250 µM), which were both reported inhibitors. This is the first report of isolation of olivetolic and 4-O-methylolivetolcarboxylic acids and the identification of placodiolic and pseudoplacodiolic acids from C. portentosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Nagar
- NatPro Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 02, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Pigott
- NatPro Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 02, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Helen Sheridan
- NatPro Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 02, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
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Weeraphan T, Somphong A, Poengsungnoen V, Buaruang K, Harunari E, Igarashi Y, Tanasupawat S, Phongsopitanun W. Bacterial microbiome in tropical lichens and the effect of the isolation method on culturable lichen-derived actinobacteria. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5483. [PMID: 37016075 PMCID: PMC10073151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten samples of tropical lichens collected from Doi Inthanon, Thailand, were explored for the diversity of their bacterial microbiomes through 16S rRNA-based metagenomics analysis. The five predominant lichen-associated bacteria belonged to the phyla Proteobacteria (31.84%), Planctomycetota (17.08%), Actinobacteriota (15.37%), Verrucomicrobiota (12.17%), and Acidobacteriota (7.87%). The diversity analysis metric showed that Heterodermia contained the highest bacterial species richness. Within the lichens, Ramalina conduplicans and Cladonia rappii showed a distinct bacterial community from the other lichen species. The community of lichen-associated actinobacteria was investigated as a potential source of synthesized biologically active compounds. From the total Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) found across the ten different lichen samples, 13.21% were identified as actinobacteria, including the rare actinobacterial genera that are not commonly found, such as Pseudonocardia, Kineosporia, Dactylosporangium, Amycolatopsis, Actinoplanes, and Streptosporangium. Evaluation of the pretreatment method (heat, air-drying, phenol, and flooding) and isolation media used for the culture-dependent actinobacterial isolation revealed that the different pretreatments combined with different isolation media were effective in obtaining several species of actinobacteria. However, metagenomics analyses revealed that there were still several strains, including rare actinobacterial species, that were not isolated. This research strongly suggests that lichens appear to be a promising source for obtaining actinobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinset Weeraphan
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Achiraya Somphong
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Vasun Poengsungnoen
- Lichen Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kawinnat Buaruang
- Lichen Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Enjuro Harunari
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Igarashi
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama, Japan
| | - Somboon Tanasupawat
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wongsakorn Phongsopitanun
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (RP2), Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Taresco V, Tulini I, Francolini I, Piozzi A. Polyglycerol Adipate-Grafted Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles as Carriers for the Antimicrobial Compound Usnic Acid. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214339. [PMID: 36430814 PMCID: PMC9693002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) drug delivery systems are known to potentially enhance the efficacy of therapeutic agents. As for antimicrobial drugs, therapeutic solutions against drug-resistant microbes are urgently needed due to the worldwide antimicrobial resistance issue. Usnic acid is a widely investigated antimicrobial agent suffering from poor water solubility. In this study, polymer nanoparticles based on polyglycerol adipate (PGA) grafted with polycaprolactone (PCL) were developed as carriers for usnic acid. We demonstrated the potential of the developed systems in ensuring prolonged bactericidal activity against a model bacterial species, Staphylococcus epidermidis. The macromolecular architecture changes produced by PCL grafted from PGA significantly influenced the drug release profile and mechanism. Specifically, by varying the length of PCL arms linked to the PGA backbone, it was possible to tune the drug release from a burst anomalous drug release (high PCL chain length) to a slow diffusion-controlled release (low PCL chain length). The developed nanosystems showed a prolonged antimicrobial activity (up to at least 7 days) which could be used in preventing/treating infections occurring at different body sites, including medical device-related infection and mucosal/skin surface, where Gram-positive bacteria are commonly involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Taresco
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Isotta Tulini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Iolanda Francolini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (I.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonella Piozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (I.F.); (A.P.)
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Adenubi OT, Famuyide IM, McGaw LJ, Eloff JN. Lichens: An update on their ethnopharmacological uses and potential as sources of drug leads. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115657. [PMID: 36007717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lichens, a unique symbiotic association between an alga/cyanobacterium and a fungus, produce secondary metabolites that are a promising source of novel drug leads. The beauty and importance of lichens have not been adequately explored despite their manifold biological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and antiparasitic. AIM OF THE STUDY The present review collates and discusses the available knowledge on secondary metabolites and biological activities of lichens (in vitro and in vivo). MATERIALS AND METHODS Using relevant keywords (lichens, secondary metabolites, bioactivity, pharmacological activities), five electronic databases, namely ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Recent Literature on Lichens, were searched for past and current scientific contributions up until May 2022. Literature focusing broadly on the bioactivity of lichens including their secondary metabolites were identified and summarized. RESULTS A total of 50 review articles and 189 research articles were searched. Information related to antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and insecticidal activities of 90 lichen species (from 13 families) and 12 isolated metabolites are reported. Over 90% of the studies comprised in vitro investigations, such as bioassays evaluating radical scavenging properties, lipid peroxidation inhibition and reducing power, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial bioassays of lichen species and constituents. In vivo studies were scarce and available only in fish and rats. Most of the studies were done by research groups in Brazil, France, Serbia, India and Turkey. There were relatively few reports from Asia and Africa despite the ubiquitous nature of lichens and the high occurrence in these continents. CONCLUSION Secondary metabolites from lichens are worthy of further investigation in terms of their potential therapeutic applicability, including better understanding of their mechanism(s) of action. This would be of great importance in the search for novel drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olubukola Tolulope Adenubi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.
| | - Ibukun Michael Famuyide
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
| | - Lyndy Joy McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
| | - Jacobus Nicolaas Eloff
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
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Wang H, Xuan M, Huang C, Wang C. Advances in Research on Bioactivity, Toxicity, Metabolism, and Pharmacokinetics of Usnic Acid In Vitro and In Vivo. Molecules 2022; 27:7469. [PMID: 36364296 PMCID: PMC9657990 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichens are among the most widely distributed plants on earth and have the longest growth cycle. Usnic acid is an abundant characteristic secondary metabolite of lichens and the earliest lichen compound used commercially. It has diverse pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, antioxidant, and photoprotective effects, and promotes wound healing. It is widely used in dietary supplements, daily chemical products (fodder, dyes, food, perfumery, and cosmetics), and medicine. However, some studies have found that usnic acid can cause allergic dermatitis and drug-induced liver injury. In this paper, the bioactivity, toxicity, in vivo and in vitro metabolism, and pharmacokinetics of usnic acid were summarized. The aims were to develop and utilize usnic acid and provide reference for its future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxue Wang
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 230 Baoding Road, Shanghai 200082, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for TCM Complex Prescription, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Min Xuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Eighth People’s Hospital, 84 Fengshan Road, Qingdao 266121, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for TCM Complex Prescription, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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Toxicity of Usnic Acid: A Narrative Review. J Toxicol 2022; 2022:8244340. [PMID: 36310641 PMCID: PMC9605823 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8244340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Usnic acid (UA) is a dibenzofuran derivative naturally present in lichens, organisms resulting from the symbiosis between a fungus and a cyanobacterium, or an alga. UA shows antimicrobial, antitumor, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory as well as UV-protective activities. Its use as pharmacological agent is widely described in traditional medicine, and in the past few years, the product has been marketed as a food supplement for the induction of weight loss. However, the development of severe hepatotoxicity in a limited number of subjects prompted the FDA to issue a warning letter, which led to the withdrawal of the product from the market in November 2001. Data published in literature on UA toxicology, genotoxicity, mutagenesis, and teratogenicity have been reviewed, as well as the case reports of subjects who developed hepatotoxicity following oral administration of UA as a slimming agent. Finally, we reviewed the most recent studies on the topical use of UA, as well as studies aimed at improving UA pharmacologic activity and reducing toxicity. Indeed, advancements in this field of research could open the possibility to reintroduce the use of UA as therapeutical agent.
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Elmaidomy AH, Shady NH, Abdeljawad KM, Elzamkan MB, Helmy HH, Tarshan EA, Adly AN, Hussien YH, Sayed NG, Zayed A, Abdelmohsen UR. Antimicrobial potentials of natural products against multidrug resistance pathogens: a comprehensive review. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29078-29102. [PMID: 36320761 PMCID: PMC9558262 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04884a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the critical issues, describing a significant social health complication globally. Hence, the discovery of novel antibiotics has acquired an increased attention particularly against drug-resistant pathogens. Natural products have served as potent therapeutics against pathogenic bacteria since the glorious age of antibiotics of the mid 20th century. This review outlines the various mechanistic candidates for dealing with multi-drug resistant pathogens and explores the terrestrial phytochemicals isolated from plants, lichens, insects, animals, fungi, bacteria, mushrooms, and minerals with reported antimicrobial activity, either alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics. Moreover, newly established tools are presented, including prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, bacteriophages, nanoparticles, and bacteriocins, supporting the progress of effective antibiotics to address the emergence of antibiotic-resistant infectious bacteria. Therefore, the current article may uncover promising drug candidates that can be used in drug discovery in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef 62511 Egypt
| | - Nourhan Hisham Shady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | | | | | - Hussein Hykel Helmy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | - Emad Ashour Tarshan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | - Abanoub Nabil Adly
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | | | - Nesma Gamal Sayed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | - Ahmed Zayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Elguish Street (Medical Campus) Tanta 31527 Egypt
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49 Kaiserslautern 67663 Germany
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
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Lichen Extracts from Cetrarioid Clade Provide Neuroprotection against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196520. [PMID: 36235056 PMCID: PMC9573381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of many neurodegenerative diseases. Lichens have antioxidant properties attributed to their own secondary metabolites with phenol groups. Very few studies delve into the protective capacity of lichens based on their antioxidant properties and their action mechanism. The present study evaluates the neuroprotective role of Dactylina arctica, Nephromopsis stracheyi, Tuckermannopsis americana and Vulpicida pinastri methanol extracts in a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidative stress model in neuroblastoma cell line "SH-SY5Y cells". Cells were pretreated with different concentrations of lichen extracts (24 h) before H2O2 (250 µM, 1 h). Our results showed that D. arctica (10 µg/mL), N. stracheyi (25 µg/mL), T. americana (50 µg/mL) and V. pinastri (5 µg/mL) prevented cell death and morphological changes. Moreover, these lichens significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and glutathione (GSH) levels. Furthermore, they attenuated mitochondrial membrane potential decline and calcium homeostasis disruption. Finally, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that the secondary metabolites were gyrophoric acid and lecanoric acid in D. artica, usnic acid, pinastric acid and vulpinic acid in V. pinastri, and alectoronic acid in T. americana. In conclusion, D. arctica and V. pinastri are the most promising lichens to prevent and to treat oxidative stress-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Xu M, Oppong-Danquah E, Wang X, Oddsson S, Abdelrahman A, Pedersen SV, Szomek M, Gylfason AE, Snorradottir BS, Christensen EA, Tasdemir D, Jameson CJ, Murad S, Andresson OS, Magnusson KP, de Boer HJ, Thorsteinsdottir M, Omarsdottir S, Heidmarsson S, Olafsdottir ES. Novel methods to characterise spatial distribution and enantiomeric composition of usnic acids in four Icelandic lichens. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 200:113210. [PMID: 35439526 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Usnic acid is an antibiotic metabolite produced by a wide variety of lichenized fungal lineages. The enantiomers of usnic acid have been shown to display contrasting bioactivities, and hence it is important to determine their spatial distribution, amounts and enantiomeric ratios in lichens to understand their roles in nature and grasp their pharmaceutical potential. The overall aim of the study was to characterise the spatial distribution of the predominant usnic acid enantiomer in lichens by combining spatial imaging and chiral chromatography. Specifically, separation and quantification of usnic acid enantiomers in four common lichens in Iceland was performed using a validated chiral chromatographic method. Molecular dynamics simulation was carried out to rationalize the chiral separation mechanism. Spatial distribution of usnic acid in the lichen thallus cross-sections were analysed using Desorption Electrospray Ionization-Imaging Mass Spectrometry (DESI-IMS) and fluorescence microscopy. DESI-IMS confirmed usnic acid as a cortical compound, and revealed that usnic acid can be more concentrated around the algal vicinity. Fluorescence microscopy complemented DESI-IMS by providing more detailed distribution information. By combining results from spatial imaging and chiral separation, we were able to visualize the distribution of the predominant usnic acid enantiomer in lichen cross-sections: (+)-usnic acid in Cladonia arbuscula and Ramalina siliquosa, and (-)-usnic acid in Alectoria ochroleuca and Flavocetraria nivalis. This study provides an analytical foundation for future environmental and functional studies of usnic acid enantiomers in lichens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maonian Xu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Ernest Oppong-Danquah
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology, Research Unit Marine Natural Product Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24106, Kiel, Germany
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Sebastian Oddsson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Asmaa Abdelrahman
- Department of Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Simon Vilms Pedersen
- Department of Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark; Department of Materials, Imperial College London, SW7 2BP, London, UK
| | - Maria Szomek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Aron Elvar Gylfason
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Eva Arnspang Christensen
- Department of Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Deniz Tasdemir
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology, Research Unit Marine Natural Product Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24106, Kiel, Germany; Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Cynthia J Jameson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, 60607, USA
| | - Sohail Murad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | | | - Kristinn Petur Magnusson
- Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Akureyri Division, 600, Akureyri, Iceland; Faculty of Natural Resource Sciences, University of Akureyri, 600, Akureyri, Iceland
| | - Hugo J de Boer
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, 0562, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Sesselja Omarsdottir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Starri Heidmarsson
- Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Akureyri Division, 600, Akureyri, Iceland
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Battista S, Köber M, Bellio P, Celenza G, Galantini L, Vargas-Nadal G, Fagnani L, Veciana J, Ventosa N, Giansanti L. Quatsomes Formulated with l-Prolinol-Derived Surfactants as Antibacterial Nanocarriers of (+)-Usnic Acid with Antioxidant Activity. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2022; 5:6140-6148. [PMID: 35655931 PMCID: PMC9150064 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c04365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of the treatment of bacterial infection is seriously reduced because of antibiotic resistance; thus, therapeutic solutions against drug-resistant microbes are necessary. Nanoparticle-based solutions are particularly promising for meeting this challenge because they can offer intrinsic antimicrobial activity and sustained drug release at the target site. Herein, we present a newly developed nanovesicle system of the quatsome family, composed of l-prolinol-derived surfactants and cholesterol, which has noticeable antibacterial activity even on Gram-negative strains, demonstrating great potential for the treatment of bacterial infections. We optimized the vesicle stability and antibacterial activity by tuning the surfactant chain length and headgroup charge (cationic or zwitterionic) and show that these quatsomes can furthermore serve as nanocarriers of pharmaceutical actives, demonstrated here by the encapsulation of (+)-usnic acid, a natural substance with many pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Battista
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università
degli Studi dell’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Mariana Köber
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Esfera Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB); Campus UAB s/n, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Pierangelo Bellio
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Cliniche Applicate e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Celenza
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Cliniche Applicate e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Luciano Galantini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Roma “Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Guillem Vargas-Nadal
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Esfera Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB); Campus UAB s/n, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Lorenza Fagnani
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Cliniche Applicate e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Esfera Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB); Campus UAB s/n, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Nora Ventosa
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Esfera Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB); Campus UAB s/n, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Luisa Giansanti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università
degli Studi dell’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy
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Roser LA, Erkoc P, Ingelfinger R, Henke M, Ulshöfer T, Schneider AK, Laux V, Geisslinger G, Schmitt I, Fürst R, Schiffmann S. Lecanoric acid mediates anti-proliferative effects by an M phase arrest in colon cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112734. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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15
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Falakaflaki M, Varshosaz J, Mirian M. Local delivery of usnic acid loaded Rhamnolipid vesicles by gelatin / tragacanth gum / montmorillonite/ vanillin cryogel scaffold for expression of osteogenic biomarkers and antimicrobial activity. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Paguirigan JA, Liu R, Im SM, Hur JS, Kim W. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of Lichen Substances against Plant Pathogens. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:25-32. [PMID: 35144359 PMCID: PMC8831355 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.12.2021.0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogens pose major threats on agriculture and horticulture, causing significant economic loss worldwide. Due to the continuous and excessive use of synthetic pesticides, emergence of pesticide resistant pathogens has become more frequent. Thus, there is a growing needs for environmentally-friendly and selective antimicrobial agents with a novel mode of action, which may be used in combination with conventional pesticides to delay development of pesticide resistance. In this study, we evaluated the potentials of lichen substances as novel biopesticides against eight bacterial and twelve fungal plant pathogens that have historically caused significant phytopathological problems in South Korea. Eight lichen substances of diverse chemical origins were extracted from axenic culture or dried specimen, and further purified for comparative analysis of their antimicrobial properties. Usnic acid and vulpinic acid exhibited strong antibacterial activities against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. In addition, usnic acid and vulpinic acid were highly effective in the growth inhibition of fungal pathogens, such as Diaporthe eres, D. actinidiae, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Intriguingly, the growth of Rhizoctonia solani was specifically inhibited by lecanoric acid, indicating that lichen substances exhibit some degrees of selectivity to plant pathogens. These results suggested that lichen substance can be used as a selective biopesticide for controlling plant disease of agricultural and horticultural significance, minimizing possible emergence of pesticide resistant pathogens in fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaycee A. Paguirigan
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Boulevard, Manila 1008,
Philippines
| | - Rundong Liu
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea
| | - Seong Mi Im
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea
| | - Jae-Seoun Hur
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea
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Girardot M, Millot M, Hamion G, Billard JL, Juin C, Ntoutoume GMAN, Sol V, Mambu L, Imbert C. Lichen Polyphenolic Compounds for the Eradication of Candida albicans Biofilms. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:698883. [PMID: 34604104 PMCID: PMC8481799 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.698883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichens, due to their symbiotic nature (association between fungi and algae), constitute a chemical factory of original compounds. Polyphenolic compounds (depsides and depsidones) are the main constituents of lichens and are exclusively biosynthesized by these organisms. A panel of 11 polyphenols was evaluated for their anti-biofilm activity against Candida albicans biofilms on the maturation phase (anti-maturation) (MMIC50) as well as on preformed 24-h-old biofilm (anti-biofilm) (MBIC50) using the XTT assay. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of compounds (MICs) against C. albicans planktonic yeast were also determined using a broth microdilution method. While none of the tested compounds were active against planktonic cells (IC50 > 100 µg/ml), three depsides slowed the biofilm maturation (MMIC50 ≤12.5 µg/ml after 48 h of contact with Candida cells). Evernic acid was able to both slow the maturation and reduce the already formed biofilms with MBIC50 ≤12.5 µg/ml after 48 h of contact with the biofilm. This compound shows a weak toxicity against HeLa cells (22%) at the minimal active concentration and no hemolytic activity at 100 µg/ml. Microscopic observations of evernic acid and optimization of its solubility were performed to further study this compound. This work confirmed the anti-biofilm potential of depsides, especially evernic acid, and allows to establish the structure-activity relationships to better explain the anti-biofilm potential of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Girardot
- UMR CNRS 7267, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Marion Millot
- EA 7500, Laboratoire PEIRENE, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Guillaume Hamion
- UMR CNRS 7267, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jeanne-Louise Billard
- UMR CNRS 7267, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Camille Juin
- UMR CNRS 7267, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Vincent Sol
- EA 7500, Laboratoire PEIRENE, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Lengo Mambu
- EA 7500, Laboratoire PEIRENE, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Christine Imbert
- UMR CNRS 7267, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Grimm M, Grube M, Schiefelbein U, Zühlke D, Bernhardt J, Riedel K. The Lichens' Microbiota, Still a Mystery? Front Microbiol 2021; 12:623839. [PMID: 33859626 PMCID: PMC8042158 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.623839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichens represent self-supporting symbioses, which occur in a wide range of terrestrial habitats and which contribute significantly to mineral cycling and energy flow at a global scale. Lichens usually grow much slower than higher plants. Nevertheless, lichens can contribute substantially to biomass production. This review focuses on the lichen symbiosis in general and especially on the model species Lobaria pulmonaria L. Hoffm., which is a large foliose lichen that occurs worldwide on tree trunks in undisturbed forests with long ecological continuity. In comparison to many other lichens, L. pulmonaria is less tolerant to desiccation and highly sensitive to air pollution. The name-giving mycobiont (belonging to the Ascomycota), provides a protective layer covering a layer of the green-algal photobiont (Dictyochloropsis reticulata) and interspersed cyanobacterial cell clusters (Nostoc spec.). Recently performed metaproteome analyses confirm the partition of functions in lichen partnerships. The ample functional diversity of the mycobiont contrasts the predominant function of the photobiont in production (and secretion) of energy-rich carbohydrates, and the cyanobiont's contribution by nitrogen fixation. In addition, high throughput and state-of-the-art metagenomics and community fingerprinting, metatranscriptomics, and MS-based metaproteomics identify the bacterial community present on L. pulmonaria as a surprisingly abundant and structurally integrated element of the lichen symbiosis. Comparative metaproteome analyses of lichens from different sampling sites suggest the presence of a relatively stable core microbiome and a sampling site-specific portion of the microbiome. Moreover, these studies indicate how the microbiota may contribute to the symbiotic system, to improve its health, growth and fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grimm
- Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Grube
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Daniela Zühlke
- Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jörg Bernhardt
- Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Riedel
- Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Sepahvand A, Studzińska-Sroka E, Ramak P, Karimian V. Usnea sp.: Antimicrobial potential, bioactive compounds, ethnopharmacological uses and other pharmacological properties; a review article. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113656. [PMID: 33276059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Usnea sp. is a fruticose thalli lichen with interesting medicinal properties. Since ancient times, Usnea sp. has been used in traditional medicine worldwide to treat various diseases. The broad scientific studies on this lichen have proved its multidirectional biological effect, such as antimicrobial activity, which is attributed to its usnic acid content. PURPOSE The main aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the antimicrobial activities of Usnea sp., including the traditional and medicinal uses, and a critical evaluation of the presented data. Also, the mechanism of this type of action will be explained. METHODS To prepare this manuscript, the information was extracted from scientific databases (Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, Springer, and Google Scholar), books, and theses. The available scientific information was critically analysed. RESULTS Analysis of the scientific literature regarding traditional uses and bioactivity research showed that Usnea sp. extracts exhibit high antibacterial activity. The Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and aquatic oomycetous fungi were the most sensitive Usnea sp. extracts. Moderate activity against Malassezia furfur and dermatophytes was observed, as well. Gram-negative bacteria, yeast, and fungi were more frequently resistant to Usnea sp. extracts (included Escherichia coli, Candida sp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus sp.). The antiviral activity of Usnea sp. was limited. CONCLUSION The results show that the use of Usnea sp. in traditional medicine can be scientifically documented. Studies show that usnic acid is the active compound present in Usnea sp. extracts. This compound, which has a high antibacterial and cytotoxic activity, exists in large quantities in low-polarity extracts, and low concentration in these of high-polarity. Usnea sp. extracts contain compounds other than usnic acid as well with biological effects. Usnea barbata is a species that has been employed in modern-day cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations. The information presented in the review can be considered as a source of knowledge about the Usnea sp. It presents research on biological properties reported for different species of Usnea genus and thus can facilitate their use in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Sepahvand
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | | | - Parvin Ramak
- Research Division of Natural Resources, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Vahid Karimian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran.
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Aoussar N, Achmit M, Es-Sadeqy Y, Vasiljević P, Rhallabi N, Ait Mhand R, Zerouali K, Manojlović N, Mellouki F. Phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and antistaphylococcal activities of Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach., Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf. and Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach. from Morocco. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:2887-2894. [PMID: 33754163 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02288-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to assess chemical composition, antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolates from catheter-associated infections and antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of three lichens collected from Morocco. The phytochemical analysis of the methanol extracts of these lichens was performed by HPLC-UV method, the predominant phenolic compounds were evernic acid, physodalic acid and usnic acid for Evernia prunastri, Pseudevernia furfuracea and Ramalina farinacea, respectively. Total phenolic compounds and total flavonoid content of all extracts were also determined. As a result, Pseudevernia furfuracea extract had the strongest effect and the highest phenolic compounds content. All extracts showed antibacterial activity against all tested strains (MIC values ranging from 0.078 to 0.625 mg/mL), the strongest inhibition was obtained with the extract of Evernia prunastri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Aoussar
- RU Microbiology, Hygiene and Bioactive Molecules, LVMQB/EB, University Hassan II Casablanca, FSTM, P.O. Box 146, 20650, Mohammedia, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Achmit
- RU Microbiology, Hygiene and Bioactive Molecules, LVMQB/EB, University Hassan II Casablanca, FSTM, P.O. Box 146, 20650, Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Youness Es-Sadeqy
- RU Microbiology, Hygiene and Bioactive Molecules, LVMQB/EB, University Hassan II Casablanca, FSTM, P.O. Box 146, 20650, Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Perica Vasiljević
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Nis, 18000, Nis, Serbia
| | - Naima Rhallabi
- RU Microbiology, Hygiene and Bioactive Molecules, LVMQB/EB, University Hassan II Casablanca, FSTM, P.O. Box 146, 20650, Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Rajaa Ait Mhand
- RU Microbiology, Hygiene and Bioactive Molecules, LVMQB/EB, University Hassan II Casablanca, FSTM, P.O. Box 146, 20650, Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Khalid Zerouali
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Virology and Hygiene, IbnRochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Nedeljko Manojlović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Fouad Mellouki
- RU Microbiology, Hygiene and Bioactive Molecules, LVMQB/EB, University Hassan II Casablanca, FSTM, P.O. Box 146, 20650, Mohammedia, Morocco
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21
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Ulus G. Antiangiogenic properties of lichen secondary metabolites. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3046-3058. [PMID: 33587324 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lichens are symbiotic organisms which are composed fungi and algae and/or cyanobacteria. They produce a variety of characteristic secondary metabolites. Such substances have various biological properties including antimicrobial, antiviral, and antitumor activities. Angiogenesis, the growth of new vessels from pre-existing vessels, contributes to numerous diseases including cancer, arthritis, atherosclerosis, infectious, and immune disorders. Antiangiogenic therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of such diseases by inhibiting the new vessel formation. Technological advances have led to the development of various antiangiogenic agents and have made possible antiangiogenic therapy in many diseases associated with angiogenesis. Some lichens and their metabolites are used in the drug industry, but many have not yet been tested for their antiangiogenic effects. The cytotoxic and angiogenic capacities of lichen-derived small molecules have been demonstrated in vivo and in vitro experiments. Therefore, some of them may be used as antiangiogenic agents in the future. The secondary compounds of lichen whose antiangiogenic effect has been studied in the literature are usnic acid, barbatolic acid, vulpinic acid, olivetoric acid, emodin, secalonic acid D, and parietin. In this article, we review the antiangiogenic effects and cellular targets of these lichen-derived metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gönül Ulus
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Noël A, Garnier A, Clément M, Rouaud I, Sauvager A, Bousarghin L, Vásquez-Ocmín P, Maciuk A, Tomasi S. Lichen-associated bacteria transform antibacterial usnic acid to products of lower antibiotic activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 181:112535. [PMID: 33099225 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lichens are specific symbiotic organisms harboring various microorganisms in addition to the two classic partners (algae or cyanobacterium and fungus). Although lichens produce many antibiotic compounds such as (+)-usnic acid, their associated microorganisms possess the ability to colonize an environment where antibiosis exists. Here, we have studied the behavior of several lichen-associated bacterial strains in the presence of (+)-usnic acid, a known antibiotic lichen compound. The effect of this compound was firstly evaluated on the growth and metabolism of three bacteria, thus showing its ability to inhibit Gram-positive bacteria. This inhibition was not thwarted with the usnic acid producer strain Streptomyces cyaneofuscatus. The biotransformation of this lichen metabolite was also studied. An ethanolamine derivative of (+)-usnic acid with low antibiotic activity was highlighted with chemical profiling, using HPLC-UV combined with low resolution mass spectrometry. These findings highlight the way in which some strains develop resistance mechanisms. A methylated derivative of (+)-usnic acid was annotated using the molecular networking method, thus showing the interest of this computer-based approach in biotransformation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Noël
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Latifa Bousarghin
- INSERM, Univ. Rennes, INRA, CHU Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), UMR-1241, Biosit, MRic/ISFR, Rennes, France
| | | | - Alexandre Maciuk
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Sophie Tomasi
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France.
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Hei Y, Zhang H, Tan N, Zhou Y, Wei X, Hu C, Liu Y, Wang L, Qi J, Gao JM. Antimicrobial activity and biosynthetic potential of cultivable actinomycetes associated with Lichen symbiosis from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Microbiol Res 2020; 244:126652. [PMID: 33310352 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Actinobacteria that inhabit lichen symbionts are considered a promising yet previously underexplored source of novel compounds. Here, for the first time, we conducted a comprehensive investigation with regard to strain isolation and identification of lichen-associated actinobacteria from Tibet Plateau, antimicrobial activity screening, biosynthetic genes detection, bioactive metabolites identification and activity prediction. A large number of culturable actinomycetes were isolated from lichens around Qinghai Lake, in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Twenty-seven strains with distinct morphological characteristics were preliminarily studied. 16S rRNA gene identification showed that 13 strains were new species. The PCR-screening of specific biosynthetic genes indicated that these 27 isolates had abundant intrinsic biosynthetic potential. The antimicrobial activity experiment screened out some potential biological control antagonistic bacteria. The metabolites of 13 strains of Streptomyces with antibacterial activity were analyzed by LC-HRMS, and further 18 compounds were identified by NMR and / or LC-HRMS. The identified compounds were mainly pyrrolidine and indole derivatives, as well as anthracyclines. Seven compounds were identified with less biological activity, then predicted and evaluated their biological activity. The predicted results showed that compound 2 had excellent inhibitory activity on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Overall, the results indicate actinobacteria isolated from unexploited plateau lichen are promising sources of biological active metabolite, which could provide important bioactive compounds as potential antibiotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyu Hei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; College of Innovation and Experiment, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nana Tan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, 721013, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- College of Innovation and Experiment, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenhao Hu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuande Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Le Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, 721013, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianzhao Qi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; College of Innovation and Experiment, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Basiouni S, Fayed MAA, Tarabees R, El-Sayed M, Elkhatam A, Töllner KR, Hessel M, Geisberger T, Huber C, Eisenreich W, Shehata AA. Characterization of Sunflower Oil Extracts from the Lichen Usnea barbata. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10090353. [PMID: 32878015 PMCID: PMC7570345 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10090353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing global emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens is categorized as one of the most important health problems. Therefore, the discovery of novel antimicrobials is of the utmost importance. Lichens provide a rich source of natural products including unique polyketides and polyphenols. Many of them display pharmaceutical benefits. The aim of this study was directed towards the characterization of sunflower oil extracts from the fruticose lichen, Usnea barbata. The concentration of the major polyketide, usnic acid, was 1.6 mg/mL extract as determined by NMR analysis of the crude mixture corresponding to 80 mg per g of the dried lichen. The total phenolics and flavonoids were determined by photometric assays as 4.4 mg/mL (gallic acid equivalent) and 0.27 mg/mL (rutin equivalent) corresponding to 220 mg/g and 13.7 mg/g lichen, respectively. Gram-positive (e.g., Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as clinical isolates of infected chickens were sensitive against these extracts as determined by agar diffusion tests. Most of these activities increased in the presence of zinc salts. The data suggest the potential usage of U. barbata extracts as natural additives and mild antibiotics in animal husbandry, especially against enterococcosis in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Basiouni
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
| | - Marwa A. A. Fayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, Egypt;
| | - Reda Tarabees
- Institute for Bacteriology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, Egypt; (R.T.); (M.E.-S.)
| | - Mohamed El-Sayed
- Institute for Bacteriology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, Egypt; (R.T.); (M.E.-S.)
| | - Ahmed Elkhatam
- Department for Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, Egypt;
| | - Klaus-Rainer Töllner
- Research and Development Section, PerNaturam GmbH, An der Trift 8, 56290 Gödenroth, Germany; (K.-R.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Manfred Hessel
- Research and Development Section, PerNaturam GmbH, An der Trift 8, 56290 Gödenroth, Germany; (K.-R.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Thomas Geisberger
- Chair of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (T.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Claudia Huber
- Chair of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (T.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Chair of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (T.G.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: (W.E.); (A.A.S.); Tel.: +49-089-289-13336 (W.E.); +49-06762-96362-137 (A.A.S.)
| | - Awad A. Shehata
- Research and Development Section, PerNaturam GmbH, An der Trift 8, 56290 Gödenroth, Germany; (K.-R.T.); (M.H.)
- Avian and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, Egypt
- Correspondence: (W.E.); (A.A.S.); Tel.: +49-089-289-13336 (W.E.); +49-06762-96362-137 (A.A.S.)
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25
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Rauschenbach M, Lawrenson SB, Taresco V, Pearce AK, O'Reilly RK. Antimicrobial Hyperbranched Polymer-Usnic Acid Complexes through a Combined ROP-RAFT Strategy. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000190. [PMID: 32400917 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-drug conjugates have received considerable attention over the last decades due to their potential for improving the clinical outcomes for a range of diseases. It is of importance to develop methods for their preparation that have simple synthesis and purification requirements but maintain high therapeutic efficacy and utilize macromolecules that can be cleared via natural excretory pathways upon breakdown. Herein, the combination of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization is described for the straightforward synthesis of amphiphilic, stimuli-responsive, biodegradable, and highly functionalizable hyperbranched polymers. These unimolecular nanoparticles demonstrate a versatile platform for the synthesis of polymer-drug conjugates owing to the inclusion of a Boc-protected polycarbonate moiety in either a block or random copolymer formation. A proof-of-concept study on the complexation of the poorly water-soluble antimicrobial drug usnic acid results in polymer-drug complexes with powerful antimicrobial properties against gram-positive bacteria. Therefore, this work highlights the potential of amphiphilic and biodegradable hyperbranched polymers for antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Rauschenbach
- M. Rauschenbach, Dr. S. B. Lawrenson, Dr. A. K. Pearce, Prof. R. K. O'Reilly, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stefan B Lawrenson
- M. Rauschenbach, Dr. S. B. Lawrenson, Dr. A. K. Pearce, Prof. R. K. O'Reilly, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- Dr. V. Taresco, School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Amanda K Pearce
- M. Rauschenbach, Dr. S. B. Lawrenson, Dr. A. K. Pearce, Prof. R. K. O'Reilly, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Rachel K O'Reilly
- M. Rauschenbach, Dr. S. B. Lawrenson, Dr. A. K. Pearce, Prof. R. K. O'Reilly, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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26
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Cytotoxicity of Potassium Salts of (+)- and (-) Usnic Acid for Paramecium caudatum. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 169:110-113. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-04835-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sveshnikova N, Yuan T, Warren JM, Piercey-Normore MD. Development and validation of a reliable LC-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of usnic acid in Cladonia uncialis. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:550. [PMID: 31470895 PMCID: PMC6716858 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a specific and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry method for quantification of usnic acid concentration in the lichen, Cladonia uncialis, suitable for detection of relatively small fluctuations of usnic acid concentration in response to environmental changes. RESULTS The resulting method was fully validated according to international guidelines and demonstrated good selectivity and sensitivity with minor levels of a matrix effect and high accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sveshnikova
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of NL, 20 University Drive, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, USA
| | - Tao Yuan
- School of Science and the Environment, Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University, 20 University Dr, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, USA
| | - Jamie M Warren
- School of Science and the Environment, Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University, 20 University Dr, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, USA
| | - Michele D Piercey-Normore
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of NL, 20 University Drive, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, USA.
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28
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Guo HY, Jin C, Zhang HM, Jin CM, Shen QK, Quan ZS. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (+)-Usnic Acid Derivatives as Potential Anti- Toxoplasma gondii Agents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9630-9642. [PMID: 31365255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Six series of (+)-usnic acid derivatives were synthesized. The IC50 values of these compounds were determined in T. gondii infected HeLa cells (μM) and in HeLa cells (μM), and their selectivity indexes (SI) were calculated. In vitro, most of the derivatives tested in this study exhibited more anti activity than that of the parent compound (+)-usnic acid and the positive control drugs. Among these derivatives, methyl (E)-(1-(6-acetyl-7,9-dihydroxy-8,9b-dimethyl-1,3-dioxo-3,9b-dihydrodibenzo[b,d]furan-2(1H)-ylidene)ethyl)phenylalaninate (D3) showed the most effective anti-T. gondii activity (selectivity >2.77). In comparison with the clinically used positive control drugs sulfadiazine (selectivity 1.15), pyrimethamine (selectivity 0.89), spiramycin (selectivity 0.72), and the lead compound (+)-usnic acid (selectivity 0.96), D3 showed better results in vitro. Furthermore, D3 and (E)-6-acetyl-7,9-dihydroxy-8,9b-dimethyl-2-(1-(quinolin-6-ylamino)ethylidene)dibenzo[b,d]furan-1,3(2H,9bH)-dione (F3) had greater inhibitory effects on T. gondii (inhibition rates 76.0% and 64.6%) in vivo in comparison to spiramycin (inhibition rate 55.2%); in the peritoneal cavity of mice, the number of tachyzoites was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) in vivo. Additionally, some biochemical parameters were measured and spleen indexes were comprehensively evaluated, and the results indicated that mice treated with both compound D3 and compound F3 showed reduced hepatotoxicity and significantly enhanced antioxidative effects in comparison to the normal group. Granuloma and cyst formation were effected by the inhibition of compound D3 and compound F3 in liver sections. Overall, these results indicated that D3 and F3 for use as anti-T. gondii agents are promising lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - ChunMei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Mei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
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29
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Correché ER, Enriz RD, Piovano M, Garbarino J, Gómez-Lechón MJ. Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects on Hepatocytes of Secondary Metabolites Obtained from Lichens. Altern Lab Anim 2019; 32:605-15. [PMID: 15757498 DOI: 10.1177/026119290403200611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There are a large number of species of Antarctic lichens, and several studies describing the secondary metabolites present in these lichens, as well as the advances in understanding the chemistry of these metabolites, have been reported. In addition, some derivatives displaying interesting antibacterial effects have been described. The cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of 15 secondary metabolites (depsides, depsidones and usnic acid) obtained from Continental (Chilean) and Antarctic lichens were evaluated in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Intracellular lactate dehydrogenase release, caspase 3 activation and DNA fragmentation were measured. In this study, we have evaluated a set of markers associated with pivotal steps in the execution phase of apoptosis, in order to detect compounds with apoptotic effects on hepatocytes before significant necrosis takes place. Flow cytometric analysis of DNA fragmentation revealed an increase in apoptotic nuclei with sub-diploid DNA content after the exposure of hepatocytes to sub-cytotoxic concentrations of the compounds. Among these, salazinic acid, stictic acid and psoromic acid displayed significant apoptotic activities. Divaricatic acid showed only moderate apoptotic effects at sub-cytotoxic concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Raquel Correché
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 915, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
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Sahin E, Dabagoglu Psav S, Avan I, Candan M, Sahinturk V, Koparal AT. Vulpinic acid, a lichen metabolite, emerges as a potential drug candidate in the therapy of oxidative stress–related diseases, such as atherosclerosis. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:675-684. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327119833745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vulpinic acid, a lichen compound, has been shown to have many beneficial effects and its medicinal value increases day by day. As in atherosclerosis, endothelial damage is the basis of many diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of vulpinic acid against oxidative stress damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in endothelial cells. In order to find the IC50 of H2O2 and the protective dose of vulpinic acid, methyl thiazolyldiphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were performed. The amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by H2O2 and the protective effects of vulpinic acid against ROS were examined by fluorometric DCF-DA kit. The effects of H2O2 and vulpinic acid on actin filaments were determined by tetramethyl rhodamine (TRITC)-phalloidin fluorescence staining. Expression of Tie2 proteins was immunocytochemically analyzed in H2O2- and vulpinic acid-treated cells. After 24 h, the IC50 was found to be 215 μM in HUVECs treated with H2O2. The most effective dose of vulpinic acid against H2O2-associated damage was found to be 15 μM. Vulpinic acid pretreatment was shown to reduce H2O2-induced ROS production significantly ( p < 0.05). It was shown that 215 μM of H2O2 caused actin fragmentation, cell shrinkage, and decrease in actin florescence intensity while vulpinic acid protected the cells from these damages. It was found that Tie2 immunoreactivity was decreased in H2O2-treated groups and vulpinic acid pretreatment reduced the expression of this protein. In conclusion, vulpinic acid decreases H2O2-induced oxidative stress and oxidative stress–related damages in HUVECs. It may be drug candidate in the therapy of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sahin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - S Dabagoglu Psav
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - I Avan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - M Candan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - V Sahinturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - AT Koparal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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31
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Prokopiev I, Filippova G, Filippov E, Voronov I, Sleptsov I, Zhanataev A. Genotoxicity of (+)- and (−)-usnic acid in mice. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 839:36-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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32
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Ozgencli I, Budak H, Ciftci M, Anar M. Lichen Acids May Be Used as A Potential Drug For Cancer Therapy; by Inhibiting Mitochondrial Thioredoxin Reductase Purified From Rat Lung. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 18:1599-1605. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520618666180525095520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Thioredoxin reductase (E.C 1.6.4.5.; TrxR) is a widely distributed flavoprotein that
catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of thioredoxin (Trx) in many cellular events such as DNA synthesis,
DNA repair, angiogenesis, antioxidative defense, and regulating apoptosis. Although TrxR is indispensible in
protecting cells against oxidative stress, the overexpression of TrxR is seen in many aggressive tumors. Therefore,
targeted inhibition of TrxR has been accepted as a new approach for chemotherapy.
Objective:
In this study, in vitro inhibition effect of the lichen acids (diffractaic, evernic, lobaric, lecanoric, and
vulpinic acid) on mitochondrial TrxR purified from rat lung was investigated.
Method:
It was the first time the enzyme was purified from rat lungs by using 2’, 5’-ADP Sepharose 4B affinity
chromatography. The purity of the enzyme was checked with SDS-PAGE. In vitro inhibition effect of the lichen
acids was investigated spectrophotometrically. To emphasize the importance of the obtained data, the commercial
anticancer drugs cisplatin and doxorubicin were used as positive controls.
Results:
Molecular mass of the enzyme was calculated as approximately 52.4 kDa. The enzyme was purified
with a 63.6% yield, 208.3 fold, and 0.5 EU/mg proteins specific activity. The IC50 values of five lichen acids
were significantly lower than IC50 values of anticancer drugs.
Conclusion:
All of the lichen acids, especially lecanoric and vulpinic acid, exhibited much stronger inhibitory
effect on TrxR than the anticancer drugs cisplatin and doxorubicin. These lichen acids have pharmacological
potential as effective natural antioxidants, antimicrobials, and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilknur Ozgencli
- Department of Chemisrty, Science Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Harun Budak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ciftci
- Department of Chemisrty, Art and Science Faculty, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Anar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Dieu A, Mambu L, Champavier Y, Chaleix V, Sol V, Gloaguen V, Millot M. Antibacterial activity of the lichens Usnea Florida and Flavoparmelia caperata (Parmeliaceae). Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:3358-3362. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1561678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Dieu
- Laboratoire PEIRENE (EA 7500), Universit é de Limoges, Limoges cedex, France
| | - Lengo Mambu
- Laboratoire PEIRENE (EA 7500), Universit é de Limoges, Limoges cedex, France
| | - Yves Champavier
- BISCEM Plateform, Université de Limoges, Limoges cedex, France
| | - Vincent Chaleix
- Laboratoire PEIRENE (EA 7500), Universit é de Limoges, Limoges cedex, France
| | - Vincent Sol
- Laboratoire PEIRENE (EA 7500), Universit é de Limoges, Limoges cedex, France
| | - Vincent Gloaguen
- Laboratoire PEIRENE (EA 7500), Universit é de Limoges, Limoges cedex, France
| | - Marion Millot
- Laboratoire PEIRENE (EA 7500), Universit é de Limoges, Limoges cedex, France
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Sarkar R, Mittal N, Sorensen J, Sen T. A Comparison of the Bioactivity of Usnic Acid versus Methylphloroacetophenone. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801301224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of natural products that disrupt biofilm formation has become an area of recently expanded interest in combating antibiotic resistance. The formation of biofilms has been correlated with increased pathogenesis in many strains of Gram-negative bacteria. Molecules that disrupt the formation of biofilms therefore represent a potentially novel way to combat pathogenesis. Lichen natural products are an underexplored source of biofilm disrupting natural products. We have investigated the biofilm disrupting activity of the lichen natural product usnic acid (UA) in comparison to the biosynthetic precursor methylphloroacetophenone (MPA). We have observed in our assays that UA is more bioactive than MPA, suggesting a rationale for the biosynthesis of UA in a wide variety of lichen species. These results suggest that lichen natural products may prove to be a rich source of biofilm inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratul Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Navriti Mittal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, Canada
| | - John Sorensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, Canada
| | - Tuhinadri Sen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India
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Derici MK, Cansaran-Duman D, Taylan-Özkan A. Usnic acid causes apoptotic-like death in Leishmania major, L. infantum and L. tropica. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:384. [PMID: 30148034 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, a deadly parasitic infection, threatens many people worldwide. Since the high cost, toxicity, and resistance are drawbacks of current treatment options, it is necessary to find safer and more effective new antileishmanial drugs. The aim of this study was to determine the antileishmanial activity of usnic acid and its apoptotic mechanism on Leishmania spp. promastigotes. The antileishmanial activity was evaluated by MTT assay and apoptosis-related gene expression was investigated by qRT-PCR. Usnic acid was to be effective against Leishmania major, L. infantum, and L. tropica promastigotes at IC50 = 10.76 µg/ml, 13.34 µg/ml, and 21.06 µg/ml, respectively. We also demonstrated a novel mechanism by which usnic acid inhibited proliferation and caused apoptosis; usnic acid upregulated p53, Bax, Casp-3, and Casp-9 gene expression and downregulated the level of Bcl-2 gene expression. Accordingly, the expression level of the P53 gene increased in L. major, L. infantum and L. tropica by 14.4-, 11.8-, and 9.5-fold, respectively, and in contrast, the Bcl-2 gene expression decreased in all three leishmaniasis by 0.8-, 0.8-, and 0.7-fold, respectively. The present study, therefore, revealed that usnic acid played a critical role in the usnic acid-induced apoptotic process in Leishmania species. Usnic acid is easily accessible and an inexpensive agent, and can be considered as an alternative therapeutic agent for Leishmania infections subject to further tests in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kürşat Derici
- 1Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Demet Cansaran-Duman
- 2System Biotechnology Advance Research Unit, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Taylan-Özkan
- 3Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey
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Antidiabetic and antiparasitic potentials: Inhibition effects of some natural antioxidant compounds on α-glycosidase, α-amylase and human glutathione S-transferase enzymes. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:741-746. [PMID: 30076927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The glutathione S-transferase (GST) was purified from fresh blood erythrocytes using affinity column chromatography. Also, α-amylase from porcine pancreas and α-glycosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used as target enzymes. In this study, these compounds were tested on α-amylase, α-glycosidase, and GST enzymes and demonstrated effective inhibitor compounds with Ki values in the range of 8.34-40.78 μM against GST, and 120.53-892.36 nM against α-glycosidase. Additionally, the phenolic molecules were tested for the inhibition of α-amylase enzyme which determined effective inhibition profile with IC50 values in the range of 175.01-626.58 nM. Indeed, these molecules can be elective inhibitors of GST, α-glycosidase and α-amylase enzymes as antidiabetic and antiparasitic agents.
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Cavalcanti IMF, Menezes TGC, Campos LADA, Ferraz MS, Maciel MAV, Caetano MNP, Santos-Magalhães NS. Interaction study between vancomycin and liposomes containing natural compounds against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902018000200203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Brigham LM, Allende LM, Shipley BR, Boyd KC, Higgins TJ, Kelly N, Anderson Stewart CR, Keepers KG, Pogoda CS, Lendemer JC, Tripp EA, Kane NC. Genomic insights into the mitochondria of 11 eastern North American species of Cladonia. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2018; 3:508-512. [PMID: 33490518 PMCID: PMC7801001 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1463827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cladonia is among the most species-rich genera of lichens globally. Species in this lineage, commonly referred to as reindeer lichens, are ecologically important in numerous regions worldwide. In some locations, species of Cladonia can comprise the dominant groundcover, and are a major food source for caribou and other mammals. Additionally, many species are known to produce substances with antimicrobial properties or other characteristics with potentially important medical applications. This exceptional morphological and ecological variation contrasts sharply with the limited molecular divergence often observed among species. As a new resource to facilitate ongoing and future studies of these important species, we analyse here the sequences of 11 Cladonia mitochondrial genomes, including new mitochondrial genome assemblies and annotations representing nine species: C. apodocarpa, C. caroliniana, C. furcata, C. leporina, C. petrophila, C. peziziformis, C. robbinsii, C. stipitata, and C. subtenuis. These 11 genomes varied in size, intron content, and complement of tRNAs. Genes annotated within these mitochondrial genomes include 15 protein-coding genes, the large and small ribosomal subunits (mtLSU and mtSSU), and 23-26 tRNAs. All Cladonia mitochondrial genomes contained atp9, an important energy transport gene that has been lost evolutionarily in some lichen mycobiont mitochondria. Using a concatenated alignment of five mitochondrial genes (nad2, nad4, cox1, cox2, and cox3), a Bayesian phylogeny of relationships among species was inferred and was consistent with previously published phylogenetic relationships, highlighting the utility of these regions in reconstructing phylogenetic history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel M. Brigham
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Luis M. Allende
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Benjamin R. Shipley
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Kayla C. Boyd
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Tanya J. Higgins
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas Kelly
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Kyle G. Keepers
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Cloe S. Pogoda
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - James C. Lendemer
- Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erin A. Tripp
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Museum of Natural History, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Nolan C. Kane
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
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Vengoji R, Macha MA, Batra SK, Shonka NA. Natural products: a hope for glioblastoma patients. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22194-22219. [PMID: 29774132 PMCID: PMC5955138 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors with an overall dismal survival averaging one year despite multimodality therapeutic interventions including surgery, radiotherapy and concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy. Few drugs are FDA approved for GBM, and the addition of temozolomide (TMZ) to standard therapy increases the median survival by only 2.5 months. Targeted therapy appeared promising in in vitro monolayer cultures, but disappointed in preclinical and clinical trials, partly due to the poor penetration of drugs through the blood brain barrier (BBB). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have intrinsic resistance to initial chemoradiation therapy (CRT) and acquire further resistance via deregulation of many signaling pathways. Due to the failure of classical chemotherapies and targeted drugs, research efforts focusing on the use of less toxic agents have increased. Interestingly, multiple natural compounds have shown antitumor and apoptotic effects in TMZ resistant and p53 mutant GBM cell lines and also displayed synergistic effects with TMZ. In this review, we have summarized the current literature on natural products or product analogs used to modulate the BBB permeability, induce cell death, eradicate CSCs and sensitize GBM to CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghupathy Vengoji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Nicole A. Shonka
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology and Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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Brakni R, Ali Ahmed M, Burger P, Schwing A, Michel G, Pomares C, Hasseine L, Boyer L, Fernandez X, Landreau A, Michel T. UHPLC-HRMS/MS Based Profiling of Algerian Lichens and Their Antimicrobial Activities. Chem Biodivers 2018; 15:e1800031. [PMID: 29505125 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lichens are complex symbiotic organisms able to produce a vast array of compounds. The Algerian lichen diversity has only prompted little interest even given the 1085 species listed. Herein, the chemodiversity of four Algerian lichens including Cladonia rangiformis, Ramalina farinaceae, R. fastigiata, and Roccella phycopsis was investigated. A dereplication strategy, using ultra high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS), was carried out for a comprehensive characterization of their substances including phenolics, depsides, depsidones, depsones, dibenzofurans, and aliphatic acids. Some known compounds were identified for the first time in some species. Additionally, the lichenic extracts were evaluated for their antifungal and antimicrobial activities on human pathogenic strains (Candida albicans, C. glabrata, Aspergillus fumigatus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli). Cyclohexane extracts were found particularly active against human pathogenic fungi with MIC80 values ranging from 8 to 62.5 μg/mL, without cytotoxicity. This study highlights the therapeutic and prophylactic potential of lichenic extracts as antibacterial and antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafika Brakni
- Département de Biologie, Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Environnement, Université Badji-Mokhtar, BP 23000, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Monia Ali Ahmed
- Département de Biologie, Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Environnement, Université Badji-Mokhtar, BP 23000, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Pauline Burger
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Aurélie Schwing
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M Inserm, U1065, 06204, Nice Cedex 3, France
| | - Grégory Michel
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M Inserm, U1065, 06204, Nice Cedex 3, France
| | - Christelle Pomares
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M Inserm, U1065, 06204, Nice Cedex 3, France.,Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06202, Nice Cedex 3, France
| | - Lillia Hasseine
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06202, Nice Cedex 3, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M Inserm, U1065, 06204, Nice Cedex 3, France.,Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06202, Nice Cedex 3, France
| | - Xavier Fernandez
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Anne Landreau
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France.,Université d'Angers, Université Bretagne - Loire, Faculté de santé, Département pharmacie, 16 bd Daviers, 49045, Angers cedex 01, France
| | - Thomas Michel
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France
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Funk ER, Adams AN, Spotten SM, Van Hove RA, Whittington KT, Keepers KG, Pogoda CS, Lendemer JC, Tripp EA, Kane NC. The complete mitochondrial genomes of five lichenized fungi in the genus Usnea (Ascomycota: Parmeliaceae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2018; 3:305-308. [PMID: 33474154 PMCID: PMC7800062 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1445485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Known colloquially as 'Old Man's Beard', Usnea is a genus of lichenized Ascomycete fungi characterized by having a fruticose growth form and cartilaginous central axis. The complete mitochondrial genomes of Usnea halei, U. mutabilis, U. subfusca, U. subgracilis, and U. subscabrosa were sequenced using Illumina data and then assembled de novo. These mitogenomes ranged in size from 52,486 bp (U. subfusca) to 94,464 bp (U. subgracilis). All were characterized by having high levels of intronic and intergenic variation, such as ORFs that encode proteins with homology to two homing endonuclease types, LAGLIDADG and GIY-YIG. Genes annotated within these mitogenomes include 14 protein-coding genes, the large and small ribosomal subunits (LSU and SSU), and 23-26 tRNAs. Notably, the atp9 gene was absent from each genome. Genomic synteny was highly conserved across the five species. Five conserved mitochondrial genes (nad2, nad4, cox1, cox2, and cox3) were used to infer a best estimate maximum likelihood phylogeny among these five Usnea and other relatives, which yielded relationships consistent with prior published phylogenies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik R Funk
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Alexander N Adams
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Sarah M Spotten
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Roxanne A Van Hove
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Kristina T Whittington
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Kyle G Keepers
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Cloe S Pogoda
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - James C Lendemer
- Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Erin A Tripp
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.,Museum of Natural History, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Nolan C Kane
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
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Francolini I, Piozzi A, Donelli G. Usnic Acid: Potential Role in Management of Wound Infections. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1214:31-41. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sweidan A, Chollet-Krugler M, Sauvager A, van de Weghe P, Chokr A, Bonnaure-Mallet M, Tomasi S, Bousarghin L. Antibacterial activities of natural lichen compounds against Streptococcus gordonii and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Fitoterapia 2017; 121:164-169. [PMID: 28736072 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The oral bacteria not only infect the mouth and reside there, but also travel through the blood and reach distant body organs. If left untreated, the dental biofilm that can cause destructive inflammation in the oral cavity may result in serious medical complications. In dental biofilm, Streptococcus gordonii, a primary oral colonizer, constitutes the platform on which late pathogenic colonizers like Porphyromonas gingivalis, the causative agent of periodontal diseases, will bind. The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of eleven natural lichen compounds belonging to different chemical families and spanning from linear into cyclic and aromatic structures to uncover new antibiotics which can fight against the oral bacteria. The compounds were screened by broth microdilution assay. Three compounds were shown to have promising antibacterial activities where the depsidone core with certain functional groups constituted the best compound, psoromic acid, with the lowest MICs=11.72 and 5.86μg/mL against S. gordonii and P. gingivalis, respectively. The compounds screened had promising antibacterial activity which might be attributed to some important functional groups as discussed in our study. The best compounds did not induce the death of gingival epithelial carcinoma cells (Ca9-22). These results introduce new compounds having potent antibacterial activities against oral pathogens causing serious medical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Sweidan
- U-1241 INSERM-INRA, Equipe CIMIAD, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France; Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marylène Chollet-Krugler
- UMR CNRS 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Equipe CORINT, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Aurélie Sauvager
- UMR CNRS 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Equipe CORINT, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Pierre van de Weghe
- Inserm U1242, Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress Signaling (COSS), Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Ali Chokr
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Martine Bonnaure-Mallet
- U-1241 INSERM-INRA, Equipe CIMIAD, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Sophie Tomasi
- UMR CNRS 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Equipe CORINT, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Latifa Bousarghin
- U-1241 INSERM-INRA, Equipe CIMIAD, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France.
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Prokopiev IA, Filippov EV, Filippova GV, Gladkina NP. Genotoxicity of usnic-acid enantiomers in vitro in human peripheral-blood lymphocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x17020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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45
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Moura JB, Vargas ACD, Gouveia GV, Gouveia JJDS, Ramos-Júnior JC, Botton SDA, Pereira EC, Costa MMD. In vitro antimicrobial activity of the organic extract of Cladonia substellata Vainio and usnic acid against Staphylococcus spp. obtained from cats and dogs. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2017000400011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Cladonia substellata Vainio is a lichen found in different regions of the world, including the Northeast of Brazil. It contains several secondary metabolites with biological activity, including usnic acid, which has exhibited a wide range of biological activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the organic extract of C. substellata and purified usnic acid. Initially, Staphylococcus spp., derived from samples of skin and ears of dogs and cats with suspected pyoderma and otitis, were isolated and analyzed. In antimicrobial susceptibility testing against Staphylococcus spp., 77% (105/136) of the isolates were resistant to the antimicrobials tested. In the assessment of biofilm production, 83% (113/136) were classified as producing biofilm. In genetic characterization, 32% (44/136) were positive for blaZ, no isolate (0/136) was positive for the mecA gene, and 2% (3/136) were positive for the icaD gene. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the organic extract of C. substellata and purified usnic acid against Staphylococcus spp. ranged from 0.25mg/mL to 0.0019mg/mL, inhibiting bacterial growth at low concentrations. The substances were more effective against biofilm-producing bacteria (0.65mg/mL-0.42mg/mL) when compared to non-biofilm producing bacteria (2.52mg/mL-2.71mg/mL). Usnic acid and the organic extract of C. substellata can be effective in the treatment of pyoderma and otitis in dogs and cats caused by Staphylococcus spp.
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Pompilio A, Riviello A, Crocetta V, Di Giuseppe F, Pomponio S, Sulpizio M, Di Ilio C, Angelucci S, Barone L, Di Giulio A, Di Bonaventura G. Evaluation of antibacterial and antibiofilm mechanisms by usnic acid against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Future Microbiol 2016; 11:1315-1338. [PMID: 27633726 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm mechanisms of usnic acid (USN) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from cystic fibrosis patients. MATERIALS & METHODS The effects exerted by USN at subinhibitory concentrations on S. aureus Sa3 strain was evaluated by proteomic, real-time PCR and electron microscopy analyses. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Proteomic analysis showed that USN caused damage in peptidoglycan synthesis, as confirmed by microscopy. Real-time PCR analysis showed that antibiofilm activity of USN is mainly due to impaired adhesion to the host matrix binding proteins, and decreasing lipase and thermonuclease expression. Our data show that USN exerts anti-staphylococcal effects through multitarget inhibitory effects, thus confirming the rationale for considering it 'lead compound' for the treatment of cystic fibrosis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Pompilio
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy.,Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonella Riviello
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy.,Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy.,Stem TeCh Group, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy
| | - Valentina Crocetta
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy.,Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Di Giuseppe
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy.,Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy.,Stem TeCh Group, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Pomponio
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy.,Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marilisa Sulpizio
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy.,Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy.,Stem TeCh Group, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy
| | - Carmine Di Ilio
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy.,Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy.,Stem TeCh Group, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Angelucci
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy.,Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy.,Stem TeCh Group, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luana Barone
- Department of Science, LIME, University Roma Tre, Viale G Marconi 446, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Giulio
- Department of Science, LIME, University Roma Tre, Viale G Marconi 446, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Bonaventura
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy.,Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine, 'G d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L Polacchi 13, Chieti, Italy
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Machado NM, de Rezende AAA, Nepomuceno JC, Tavares DC, Cunha WR, Spanó MA. Evaluation of mutagenic, recombinogenic and carcinogenic potential of (+)-usnic acid in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 96:226-33. [PMID: 27497765 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The main of this study was to evaluate the mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of (+) - usnic acid (UA), using Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) and the test for detecting epithelial tumor clones (wts) in Drosophila melanogaster. Larvae from 72 ± 4 h from Drosophila were fed with UA (5.0, 10.0 or 20.0 mM); urethane (10.0 mM) (positive control); and solvent (Milli-Q water, 1% Tween-80 and 3% ethanol) (negative control). ST cross produced increase in total mutant spots in the individuals treated with 5.0, 10.0 or 20.0 mM of UA. HB cross produced spot frequencies in the concentration of 5.0 mM that were higher than the frequency for the same concentration in the ST cross. In the highest concentrations the result was negative, which means that the difference observed can be attributed, in part, to the high levels of P450, suggesting that increasing the metabolic capacity maximized the toxic effect of these doses. In the evaluation of carcinogenesis using the wts test, the results obtained for the same concentrations of UA show a positive result for the presence of tumors when compared to the negative control. We conclude that UA has recombinogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on somatic cells in D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayane Moreira Machado
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Júlio César Nepomuceno
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas, Laboratório de Citogenética e Mutagênese, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mário Antônio Spanó
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Parrot D, Legrave N, Intertaglia L, Rouaud I, Legembre P, Grube M, Suzuki MT, Tomasi S. Cyaneodimycin, a Bioactive Compound Isolated from the Culture ofStreptomyces cyaneofuscatusAssociated withLichina confinis. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Parrot
- UMR CNRS 6226; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; Equipe PNSCM “Produits naturels - Synthèses - Chimie Médicinale”; UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Univ. Rennes 1; Université Bretagne Loire; 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard 35043 Rennes France
| | - Nathalie Legrave
- UMR CNRS 6226; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; Equipe PNSCM “Produits naturels - Synthèses - Chimie Médicinale”; UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Univ. Rennes 1; Université Bretagne Loire; 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard 35043 Rennes France
| | - Laurent Intertaglia
- Sorbonne Universités;; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; CNRS; Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls (OOB); 66650 Banyuls/Mer France
| | - Isabelle Rouaud
- UMR CNRS 6226; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; Equipe PNSCM “Produits naturels - Synthèses - Chimie Médicinale”; UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Univ. Rennes 1; Université Bretagne Loire; 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard 35043 Rennes France
| | - Patrick Legembre
- Université de Rennes-1; CLCC Eugene Marquis; ER440-OSS; Label INSERM; Equipe Ligue Contre Le Cancer; Rue de la Bataille Flandres Dunkerque 35042 Rennes France
| | - Martin Grube
- Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften; Karl-Franzens-Universität; Holteigasse 6 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Marcelino T. Suzuki
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; CNRS; Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM); Observatoire Océanologique; 66650 Banyuls/Mer France
| | - Sophie Tomasi
- UMR CNRS 6226; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; Equipe PNSCM “Produits naturels - Synthèses - Chimie Médicinale”; UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Univ. Rennes 1; Université Bretagne Loire; 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard 35043 Rennes France
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Xu M, Heidmarsson S, Olafsdottir ES, Buonfiglio R, Kogej T, Omarsdottir S. Secondary metabolites from cetrarioid lichens: Chemotaxonomy, biological activities and pharmaceutical potential. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:441-459. [PMID: 27064003 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lichens, as a symbiotic association of photobionts and mycobionts, display an unmatched environmental adaptability and a great chemical diversity. As an important morphological group, cetrarioid lichens are one of the most studied lichen taxa for their phylogeny, secondary chemistry, bioactivities and uses in folk medicines, especially the lichen Cetraria islandica. However, insufficient structure elucidation and discrepancy in bioactivity results could be found in a few studies. PURPOSE This review aimed to present a more detailed and updated overview of the knowledge of secondary metabolites from cetrarioid lichens in a critical manner, highlighting their potentials for pharmaceuticals as well as other applications. Here we also highlight the uses of molecular phylogenetics, metabolomics and ChemGPS-NP model for future bioprospecting, taxonomy and drug screening to accelerate applications of those lichen substances. CHAPTERS The paper starts with a short introduction in to the studies of lichen secondary metabolites, the biological classification of cetrarioid lichens and the aim. In light of ethnic uses of cetrarioid lichens for therapeutic purposes, molecular phylogeny is proposed as a tool for future bioprospecting of cetrarioid lichens, followed by a brief discussion of the taxonomic value of lichen substances. Then a delicate description of the bioactivities, patents, updated chemical structures and lichen sources is presented, where lichen substances are grouped by their chemical structures and discussed about their bioactivity in comparison with reference compounds. To accelerate the discovery of bioactivities and potential drug targets of lichen substances, the application of the ChemGPS NP model is highlighted. Finally the safety concerns of lichen substances (i.e. toxicity and immunogenicity) and future-prospects in the field are exhibited. CONCLUSION While the ethnic uses of cetrarioid lichens and the pharmaceutical potential of their secondary metabolites have been recognized, the knowledge of a large number of lichen substances with interesting structures is still limited to various in vitro assays with insufficient biological annotations, and this area still deserves more research in bioactivity, drug targets and screening. Attention should be paid on the accurate interpretation of their bioactivity for further applications avoiding over-interpretations from various in vitro bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maonian Xu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hagi, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Starri Heidmarsson
- Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Akureyri Division, IS-600 Akureyri, Iceland
| | - Elin Soffia Olafsdottir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hagi, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Rosa Buonfiglio
- Chemistry Innovation Centre, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal SE-43183, Sweden
| | - Thierry Kogej
- Chemistry Innovation Centre, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal SE-43183, Sweden
| | - Sesselja Omarsdottir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hagi, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.
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50
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Tozatti MG, Ferreira DS, Flauzino LGB, da Silva Moraes T, Martins CHG, Groppo M, Silva MLAE, Januário AH, Pauletti PM, Cunha WR. Activity of the Lichen Usnea steineri and its Major Metabolites against Gram–positive, Multidrug–resistant Bacteria. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity and possible synergistic effects of extracts and compounds isolated from Usnea steineri were evaluated against four resistant bacterial species. A phytochemical study of the acetone extract of U. steineri resulted in the isolation and characterization of difractaic acid and (+)–usnic acid as the main compounds. The acetone extract showed strong activity (less than 10 μg/mL) against resistant strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis, and (+)–usnic acid exhibited strong activity against S. epidermidis (MIC 3.12 μg/mL), S. aureus and S. haemolyticus (MIC 12.5 μg/mL). Combinations of penicillin and tetracycline with (+)–usnic acid did not show any synergistic antimicrobial effects. Difractaic acid was inactive. Our results showed that the acetone extract of U. steineri possesses significant in vitro antimicrobial activity, which is likely related to the presence of (+)–usnic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos G. Tozatti
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas, Universidade de Franca, CEP 14404–600 Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniele S. Ferreira
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas, Universidade de Franca, CEP 14404–600 Franca, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Thaís da Silva Moraes
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas, Universidade de Franca, CEP 14404–600 Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos H. G. Martins
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas, Universidade de Franca, CEP 14404–600 Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Milton Groppo
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 14040–901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana H. Januário
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas, Universidade de Franca, CEP 14404–600 Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia M. Pauletti
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas, Universidade de Franca, CEP 14404–600 Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson R. Cunha
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas, Universidade de Franca, CEP 14404–600 Franca, SP, Brazil
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