1
|
Conte D, Palmeiro J, Bavaroski A, Rodrigues L, Cardozo D, Tomaz A, Camargo J, Dalla‐Costa L. Antimicrobial resistance in
Aeromonas
species isolated from aquatic environments in Brazil. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:169-181. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1111/jam.14965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Conte
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
| | - J.K. Palmeiro
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (ACL‐UFSC) Florianópolis, Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - A.A. Bavaroski
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
| | - L.S. Rodrigues
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
| | - D. Cardozo
- Liga Paranaese de Combate ao Câncer ‐ Hospital Erasto Gaertner (HEG) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
| | - A.P. Tomaz
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
- Complexo Hospital de ClínicasUniversidade Federal do Paraná (CHC‐UFPR) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
| | - J.O. Camargo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
- Setor de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (SEPT) Programa de Graduação em Bioinformática Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
| | - L.M. Dalla‐Costa
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP) Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang JB, Yu MS, Tseng TT, Lin LC. Molecular Characterization of Ahp2, a Lytic Bacteriophage of Aeromonas hydrophila. Viruses 2021; 13:v13030477. [PMID: 33799428 PMCID: PMC8001559 DOI: 10.3390/v13030477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is an opportunistic pathogen that infects fish, amphibians, mammals, and humans. This study isolated a myophage, vB_AhyM_Ahp2 (Ahp2), that lytically infects A. hydrophila. We observed that 96% of the Ahp2 particles adsorbed to A. hydrophila within 18 min. Ahp2 also showed a latent period of 15 min with a burst size of 142 PFU/cell. This phage has a linear double-stranded DNA genome of 47,331 bp with a GC content of 57%. At least 20 Ahp2 proteins were detected by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; among them, a 40-kDa protein was predicted as the major capsid protein. Sequence analysis showed that Ahp2 has a genome organization closely related to a group of Aeromonas phages (13AhydR10RR, 14AhydR10RR, 85AhydR10RR, phage 3, 32 Asp37, 59.1), which infect Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas salmonicida. The tail module encompassing ORF27-29 in the Ahp2 genome was present in all Aeromonas phages analyzed in this study and likely determines the host range of the virus. This study found that Ahp2 completely lyses A. hydrophila AH300206 in 3.5 h at a MOI of 0.0001 and does not lysogenize its host. Altogether, these findings show that Ahp2 is a lytic Aeromonas phage and could be a candidate for therapeutic phage cocktails.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Wang
- Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Mei-Shiuan Yu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Master Program in Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Tien Tseng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 1000 Chastain Road, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USA;
| | - Ling-Chun Lin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Master Program in Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Correspondence: e-mail: ; Tel.: +886-3-8565301
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Conte D, Palmeiro JK, Bavaroski AA, Rodrigues LS, Cardozo D, Tomaz AP, Camargo JO, Dalla-Costa LM. Antimicrobial resistance in Aeromonas species isolated from aquatic environments in Brazil. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 131:169-181. [PMID: 33306232 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The current study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile and genetic relatedness of Aeromonas sp. isolated from healthcare and urban effluents, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and river water. METHODS AND RESULTS We detected the presence of genes conferring resistance to β-lactam, quinolone and aminoglycoside. Multilocus sequence typing was carried out to differentiate the strains, and multilocus phylogenetic analysis was used to identify the species. A total of 28 cefotaxime-resistant Aeromonas sp. strains were identified, harbouring uncommon Guiana-extended-spectrum (GES)-type β-lactamases (GES-1, GES-5, GES-7 and GES-16). Multidrug-resistant Aeromonas sp. were found in hospital wastewater, WWTP and sanitary effluent, and A. caviae was identified as the most prevalent species (85·7%). CONCLUSION The release of untreated healthcare effluents, presence of antimicrobials in the environment, in addition to multidrug-resistant Aeromonas sp., are all potential factors for the spread of resistance. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We identified a vast repertoire of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) in Aeromonas sp. from diverse aquatic ecosystems, including those that encode enzymes degrading broad-spectrum antimicrobials widely used to treat healthcare-associated infections. Hospital and sanitary effluents serve as potential sources of bacteria harbouring ARG and are a threat to public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Conte
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - J K Palmeiro
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (ACL-UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - A A Bavaroski
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - L S Rodrigues
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - D Cardozo
- Liga Paranaese de Combate ao Câncer - Hospital Erasto Gaertner (HEG), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A P Tomaz
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Complexo Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná (CHC-UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - J O Camargo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Setor de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (SEPT), Programa de Graduação em Bioinformática, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - L M Dalla-Costa
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe (FPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
β-Lactam antibiotics have been widely used as therapeutic agents for the past 70 years, resulting in emergence of an abundance of β-lactam-inactivating β-lactamases. Although penicillinases in Staphylococcus aureus challenged the initial uses of penicillin, β-lactamases are most important in Gram-negative bacteria, particularly in enteric and nonfermentative pathogens, where collectively they confer resistance to all β-lactam-containing antibiotics. Critical β-lactamases are those enzymes whose genes are encoded on mobile elements that are transferable among species. Major β-lactamase families include plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC cephalosporinases, and carbapenemases now appearing globally, with geographic preferences for specific variants. CTX-M enzymes include the most common ESBLs that are prevalent in all areas of the world. In contrast, KPC serine carbapenemases are present more frequently in the Americas, the Mediterranean countries, and China, whereas NDM metallo-β-lactamases are more prevalent in the Indian subcontinent and Eastern Europe. As selective pressure from β-lactam use continues, multiple β-lactamases per organism are increasingly common, including pathogens carrying three different carbapenemase genes. These organisms may be spread throughout health care facilities as well as in the community, warranting close attention to increased infection control measures and stewardship of the β-lactam-containing drugs in an effort to control selection of even more deleterious pathogens.
Collapse
|
5
|
Hammad AM, Moustafa AEH, Mansour MM, Fahmy BM, Hamada MG, Shimamoto T, Shimamoto T. Molecular and Phenotypic Analysis of Hemolytic Aeromonas Strains Isolated from Food in Egypt Revealed Clinically Important Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Profiles. J Food Prot 2018; 81:1015-1021. [PMID: 29757009 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the public health significance of hemolytic Aeromonas species isolated from 213 food samples in Egypt, based on their virulence and antimicrobial-resistance potential. We recovered 63 strains, isolated from fish, raw milk, karish cheeses, and ras cheese in 29 (31.18%) of 93, 10 (25.00%) of 40, 13 (32.50%) of 40, and 11 (27.50%) of 40 samples, respectively. The most prevalent virulence gene was alt (50.79%), followed by aerA (34.92%), asa1 (39.68%), ahh1 (20.63%), act (11.11%), and ast (3.17%). Thirteen strains screened in this study carried no hemolysin gene, but only the alt gene, and another eight hemolytic strains screened, carried no virulence gene. The virulence signatures " ahh1+ aerA" and " alt+ act," in which the genes interact synergistically to induce severe diarrhea, were detected in two and four strains, respectively. Most showed resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, aztreonam, and imipenem, which indicates the complexity of the β-lactamase production in our hemolytic Aeromonas strains. Fourteen (22.22%) of 63 strains carried one or more antimicrobial-resistance markers, including the blaCTX-M, blaTEM, tet(A), tet(E), and intI1 genes, which were detected in 6.34, 3.17, 3.17, 4.76, and 14.28% of isolates, respectively. In conclusion, the majority of hemolytic Aeromonas strains isolated from the intestinal contents of healthy fish and naturally contaminated milk and cheeses were not commensal but had developed multidrug-resistance and virulence profiles, indicating an emerging potential health risk. Importantly, screening for certain hemolysin genes may not be reliable in predicting the pathogenic potential of Aeromonas species and, thereby, the safety of analyzed foods. Our findings indicate that specific criteria are required for the phenotypic and molecular analysis of Aeromonas species in food items, particularly those eaten without further treatment, to ensure their safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alaa-Eldin H Moustafa
- 2 Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, Egypt; and
| | - Maha M Mansour
- 2 Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, Egypt; and
| | - Bashier M Fahmy
- 2 Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, Egypt; and
| | | | - Toshi Shimamoto
- 3 Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-0595 [Ta.S.])
| | - Tadashi Shimamoto
- 3 Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-0595 [Ta.S.])
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
New Insights into Autoinducer-2 Signaling as a Virulence Regulator in a Mouse Model of Pneumonic Plague. mSphere 2016; 1:mSphere00342-16. [PMID: 27981238 PMCID: PMC5156673 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00342-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Yersinia pestis is the bacterial agent that causes the highly fatal disease plague. The organism represents a significant concern because of its potential use as a bioterror agent, beyond the several thousand naturally occurring human infection cases occurring globally each year. While there has been development of effective antibiotics, the narrow therapeutic window and challenges posed by the existence of antibiotic-resistant strains represent serious concerns. We sought to identify novel virulence factors that could potentially be incorporated into an attenuated vaccine platform or be targeted by novel therapeutics. We show here that a highly conserved quorum-sensing system, autoinducer-2, significantly affected the virulence of Y. pestis in a mouse model of pneumonic plague. We also identified steps in autoinducer-2 signaling which had confounded previous studies and demonstrated the potential for intervention in the virulence mechanism(s) of autoinducer-2. Our findings may have an impact on bacterial pathogenesis research in many other organisms and could result in identifying potential broad-spectrum therapeutic targets to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which represent a global crisis of the 21st century. The Enterobacteriaceae family members, including the infamous Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, have a highly conserved interbacterial signaling system that is mediated by the autoinducer-2 (AI-2) quorum-sensing molecule. The AI-2 system is implicated in regulating various bacterial virulence genes in diverse environmental niches. Deletion of the gene encoding the synthetic enzyme for the AI-2 substrate, luxS, leads to either no significant change or, paradoxically, an increase in in vivo bacterial virulence. We showed that deletion of the rbsA and lsrA genes, components of ABC transport systems that interact with AI-2, synergistically disrupted AI-2 signaling patterns and resulted in a more-than-50-fold decrease in Y. pestis strain CO92 virulence in a stringent pneumonic plague mouse model. Deletion of luxS or lsrK (encoding AI-2 kinase) from the ΔrbsA ΔlsrA background strain or complementation of the ΔrbsA ΔlsrA mutant with the corresponding gene(s) reverted the virulence phenotype to that of the wild-type Y. pestis CO92. Furthermore, the administration of synthetic AI-2 in mice infected with the ΔrbsA ΔlsrA ΔluxS mutant strain attenuated this triple mutant to a virulence phenotype similar to that of the ΔrbsA ΔlsrA strain in a pneumonic plague model. Conversely, the administration of AI-2 to mice infected with the ΔrbsA ΔlsrA ΔluxS ΔlsrK mutant did not rescue animals from lethality, indicating the importance of the AI-2–LsrK axis in regulating bacterial virulence. By performing high-throughput RNA sequencing, the potential role of some AI-2-signaling-regulated genes that modulated bacterial virulence was determined. We anticipate that the characterization of AI-2 signaling in Y. pestis will lead to reexamination of AI-2 systems in other pathogens and that AI-2 signaling may represent a broad-spectrum therapeutic target to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which represent a global crisis of the 21st century. IMPORTANCEYersinia pestis is the bacterial agent that causes the highly fatal disease plague. The organism represents a significant concern because of its potential use as a bioterror agent, beyond the several thousand naturally occurring human infection cases occurring globally each year. While there has been development of effective antibiotics, the narrow therapeutic window and challenges posed by the existence of antibiotic-resistant strains represent serious concerns. We sought to identify novel virulence factors that could potentially be incorporated into an attenuated vaccine platform or be targeted by novel therapeutics. We show here that a highly conserved quorum-sensing system, autoinducer-2, significantly affected the virulence of Y. pestis in a mouse model of pneumonic plague. We also identified steps in autoinducer-2 signaling which had confounded previous studies and demonstrated the potential for intervention in the virulence mechanism(s) of autoinducer-2. Our findings may have an impact on bacterial pathogenesis research in many other organisms and could result in identifying potential broad-spectrum therapeutic targets to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which represent a global crisis of the 21st century.
Collapse
|
7
|
Detection and Whole-Genome Sequencing of Carbapenemase-Producing Aeromonas hydrophila Isolates from Routine Perirectal Surveillance Culture. J Clin Microbiol 2016; 54:1167-70. [PMID: 26888898 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.03229-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Perirectal surveillance cultures and a stool culture grew Aeromonas species from three patients over a 6-week period and were without epidemiological links. Detection of the blaKPC-2 gene in one isolate prompted inclusion of non-Enterobacteriaceae in our surveillance culture workup. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed that the isolates were unrelated and provided data for Aeromonas reference genomes.
Collapse
|
8
|
Piotrowska M, Popowska M. Insight into the mobilome of Aeromonas strains. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:494. [PMID: 26074893 PMCID: PMC4444841 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mobilome is a pool of genes located within mobile genetic elements (MGE), such as plasmids, IS elements, transposons, genomic/pathogenicity islands, and integron-associated gene cassettes. These genes are often referred to as “flexible” and may encode virulence factors, toxic compounds as well as resistance to antibiotics. The phenomenon of MGE transfer between bacteria, known as horizontal gene transfer (HGT), is well documented. The genes present on MGE are subject to continuous processes of evolution and environmental changes, largely induced or significantly accelerated by man. For bacteria, the only chance of survival in an environment contaminated with toxic chemicals, heavy metals and antibiotics is the acquisition of genes providing the ability to survive in such conditions. The process of acquiring and spreading antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) is of particular significance, as it is important for the health of humans and animals. Therefore, it is important to thoroughly study the mobilome of Aeromonas spp. that is widely distributed in various environments, causing many diseases in fishes and humans. This review discusses the recently published information on MGE prevalent in Aeromonas spp. with special emphasis on plasmids belonging to different incompatibility groups, i.e., IncA/C, IncU, IncQ, IncF, IncI, and ColE-type. The vast majority of plasmids carry a number of different transposons (Tn3, Tn21, Tn1213, Tn1721, Tn4401), the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd class of integrons, IS elements (e.g., IS26, ISPa12, ISPa13, ISKpn8, ISKpn6) and encode determinants such as antibiotic and mercury resistance genes, as well as virulence factors. Although the actual role of Aeromonas spp. as a human pathogen remains controversial, species of this genus may pose a serious risk to human health. This is due to the considerable potential of their mobilome, particularly in terms of antibiotic resistance and the possibility of the horizontal transfer of resistance genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Piotrowska
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Popowska
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Maravić A, Skočibušić M, Šamanić I, Fredotović Ž, Cvjetan S, Jutronić M, Puizina J. Aeromonas spp. simultaneously harbouring blaCTX-M-15, blaSHV-12, blaPER-1 and blaFOX-2, in wild-growing Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from Adriatic Sea, Croatia. Int J Food Microbiol 2013; 166:301-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
10
|
Chen PL, Ko WC, Wu CJ. Complexity of β-lactamases among clinical Aeromonas isolates and its clinical implications. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2012; 45:398-403. [PMID: 23031536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Aeromonas species, aquatic Gram-negative bacilli, distributed globally and ubiquitously in the natural environment, may be implicated in a variety of human diseases. They can produce various β-lactamases which confer resistance to a broad spectrum of β-lactams, and therefore in vitro susceptibility testing must be used to guide antimicrobial therapy. However, conventional in vitro susceptibility tests may sometimes fail to detect these β-lactamases, and hence raise a therapeutic challenge. In this review article, two chromosomally mediated β-lactamases (i.e., AmpC β-lactamases and metallo-β-lactamases) and acquired extended-spectrum β-lactamases in aeromonads are reviewed, and the clinical implications of the complexity of β-lactamases are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Lin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Igbinosa IH, Okoh AI. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of Aeromonas species isolated from wastewater treatment plant. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:764563. [PMID: 22927788 PMCID: PMC3425809 DOI: 10.1100/2012/764563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas species isolated from Alice and Fort Beaufort wastewater treatment plant in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined using the disc diffusion method, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was employed for the detection of antibiotics resistance genes. Variable susceptibilities were observed against ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, minocycline, among others. Aeromonas isolates from both locations were 100% resistant to penicillin, oxacillin, ampicillin, and vancomycin. Higher phenotypic resistance was observed in isolates from Fort Beaufort compared to isolates from Alice. Class A pse1 β-lactamase was detected in 20.8% of the isolates with a lower detection rate of 8.3% for bla(TEM) gene. Class 1 integron was present in 20.8% of Aeromonas isolates while class 2 integron and TetC gene were not detected in any isolate. The antibiotic resistance phenotypes observed in the isolates and the presence of β-lactamases genes detected in some isolates are of clinical and public health concern as this has consequences for antimicrobial chemotherapy of infections associated with Aeromonas species. This study further supports wastewater as potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance determinants in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony I. Okoh
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aravena-Román M, Inglis TJJ, Henderson B, Riley TV, Chang BJ. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Aeromonas strains isolated from clinical and environmental sources to 26 antimicrobial agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56:1110-2. [PMID: 22123695 PMCID: PMC3264277 DOI: 10.1128/aac.05387-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the susceptibilities of 144 clinical and 49 environmental Aeromonas strains representing 10 different species to 26 antimicrobial agents by the agar dilution method. No single species had a predominantly nonsusceptible phenotype. A multidrug nonsusceptible pattern was observed in three (2.1%) clinical strains and two (4.0%) strains recovered from diseased fish. Common clinical strains were more resistant than the corresponding environmental isolates, suggesting that resistance mechanisms may be acquired by environmental strains from clinical strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Aravena-Román
- Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bacteremia due to extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Aeromonas spp. at a medical center in Southern Taiwan. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55:5813-8. [PMID: 21968366 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00634-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing aeromonads have been increasingly reported in recent years, most of them were isolates from case reports or environmental isolates. To investigate the prevalence of ESBL producers among Aeromonas blood isolates and the genes encoding ESBLs, consecutive nonduplicate Aeromonas blood isolates collected at a medical center in southern Taiwan from March 2004 to December 2008 were studied. The ESBL phenotypes were examined by clavulanate combination disk test and the cefepime-clavulanate ESBL Etest. The presence of ESBL-encoding genes, including bla(TEM), bla(PER), bla(CTX-M), and bla(SHV) genes, was evaluated by PCR and sequence analysis. The results showed that 4 (2.6%) of 156 Aeromonas blood isolates, 1 Aeromonas hydrophila isolate and 3 Aeromonas caviae isolates, expressed an ESBL-producing phenotype. The ESBL gene in two A. caviae isolates was bla(PER-3), which was located in both chromosomes and plasmids, as demonstrated by Southern hybridization. Of four patients with ESBL-producing Aeromonas bacteremia, two presented with catheter-related phlebitis and the other two with primary bacteremia. Three patients had been treated with initial noncarbapenem β-lactams for 5 to 10 days, and all survived. In conclusion, ESBL producers exist among Aeromonas blood isolates, and clinical suspicion of ESBL production should be raised in treating infections due to cefotaxime-resistant Aeromonas isolates.
Collapse
|
14
|
Issa N, Napolitano LM. AeromonasPneumonia in a Trauma Patient Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Case Report and Literature Review. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2011; 12:241-5. [DOI: 10.1089/sur.2010.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Issa
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lena M. Napolitano
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Osteomyelitis associated to CTX-M-15-producing Aeromonas hydrophila: first description in the literature. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2011; 70:420-2. [PMID: 21546197 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
16
|
Abstract
Over the past decade, the genus Aeromonas has undergone a number of significant changes of practical importance to clinical microbiologists and scientists alike. In parallel with the molecular revolution in microbiology, several new species have been identified on a phylogenetic basis, and the genome of the type species, A. hydrophila ATCC 7966, has been sequenced. In addition to established disease associations, Aeromonas has been shown to be a significant cause of infections associated with natural disasters (hurricanes, tsunamis, and earthquakes) and has been linked to emerging or new illnesses, including near-drowning events, prostatitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Despite these achievements, issues still remain regarding the role that Aeromonas plays in bacterial gastroenteritis, the extent to which species identification should be attempted in the clinical laboratory, and laboratory reporting of test results from contaminated body sites containing aeromonads. This article provides an extensive review of these topics, in addition to others, such as taxonomic issues, microbial pathogenicity, and antimicrobial resistance markers.
Collapse
|
17
|
PER-6, an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase from Aeromonas allosaccharophila. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54:1619-22. [PMID: 20145085 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01585-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An Aeromonas allosaccharophila environmental isolate recovered from the Seine River (Paris, France) produced a novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, PER-6, that shared 92% amino acid identity with the closest ss-lactamase, PER-2. The kinetic properties of PER-6 showed a slightly increased affinity for carbapenems. The bla(PER-6) gene was chromosomally located and bracketed by non-transposon-related structures.
Collapse
|
18
|
Genetic and biochemical characterization of TRU-1, the endogenous class C beta-lactamase from Aeromonas enteropelogenes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54:1547-54. [PMID: 20124004 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01252-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas enteropelogenes (formerly A. tructi) was described to be an ampicillin-susceptible and cephalothin-resistant Aeromonas species, which suggests the production of a cephalosporinase. Strain ATCC 49803 was susceptible to amoxicillin, cefotaxime, and imipenem but resistant to cefazolin (MICs of 2, 0.032, 0.125, and >256 microg/ml, respectively) and produced an inducible beta-lactamase. Cefotaxime-resistant mutants (MIC, 32 microg/ml) that showed constitutive beta-lactamase production could be selected in vitro. The gene coding for the cephalosporinase of A. enteropelogenes ATCC 49803 was cloned, and its biochemical properties were investigated. Escherichia coli transformants showing resistance to various beta-lactams carried a 3.5-kb plasmid insert whose sequence revealed a 1,146-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a class C beta-lactamase, named TRU-1, showing the highest identity scores with A. punctata CAV-1 (75%), A. salmonicida AmpC (75%), and A. hydrophila CepH (71%). The bla(TRU-1) locus includes open reading frames (ORFs) showing significant homology with genes found in the genomes of other Aeromonas species, although it exhibits a different organization, as reflected by the presence of additional ORFs located downstream of the beta-lactamase gene in the A. hydrophila and A. salmonicida genomes. Specific PCR assays were negative for cphA-like and bla(OXA-12)-like genes in three A. enteropelogenes ATCC strains. Purified TRU-1 showed a broad substrate profile, efficiently hydrolyzing benzylpenicillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, and, although with significantly lower turnover rates, oxyiminocephalosporins. Cephaloridine and cefepime were poorly recognized by the enzyme, as reflected by the high K(m) values observed with these substrates. Thus far, A. enteropelogenes represents the only known example of an Aeromonas species that produces only one beta-lactamase belonging to molecular class C.
Collapse
|
19
|
Janda JM, Abbott SL. The genus Aeromonas: taxonomy, pathogenicity, and infection. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010. [PMID: 20065325 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00039-091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the genus Aeromonas has undergone a number of significant changes of practical importance to clinical microbiologists and scientists alike. In parallel with the molecular revolution in microbiology, several new species have been identified on a phylogenetic basis, and the genome of the type species, A. hydrophila ATCC 7966, has been sequenced. In addition to established disease associations, Aeromonas has been shown to be a significant cause of infections associated with natural disasters (hurricanes, tsunamis, and earthquakes) and has been linked to emerging or new illnesses, including near-drowning events, prostatitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Despite these achievements, issues still remain regarding the role that Aeromonas plays in bacterial gastroenteritis, the extent to which species identification should be attempted in the clinical laboratory, and laboratory reporting of test results from contaminated body sites containing aeromonads. This article provides an extensive review of these topics, in addition to others, such as taxonomic issues, microbial pathogenicity, and antimicrobial resistance markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Janda
- Microbial Diseases Laboratory, Division of Communicable Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California 94804, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Haemophilus influenzae. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2009. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0b013e3181ab2c46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
21
|
Expanded-spectrum beta-lactamase PER-1 in an environmental Aeromonas media isolate from Switzerland. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2008; 52:3461-2. [PMID: 18644966 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00770-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
22
|
Choi JP, Lee SO, Kwon HH, Kwak YG, Choi SH, Lim SK, Kim MN, Jeong JY, Choi SH, Woo JH, Kim YS. Clinical significance of spontaneous Aeromonas bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: a matched case-control study. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 47:66-72. [PMID: 18484880 DOI: 10.1086/588665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Aeromonas species are known to cause bacteremia in patients with cirrhosis, less is known about spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) caused by Aeromonas species in these patients. METHODS We performed a retrospective, matched case-control study (1:2 ratio) consisting of patients presenting with SBP due to Aeromonas species from January 1997 through December 2006. Control subjects were patients with SBP caused by other organisms and were matched to the patients by age (+/- 1 year) and sex. RESULTS We identified 43 patients with SBP due to Aeromonas species, 40 (93%) of whom had Aeromonas hydrophila infection and 3 (7%) of whom had Aeromonas sorbia infection. There were 81 control subjects, of whom 38 (47%) were infected with Escherichia coli, 25 (31%) were infected with Klebsiella species, 12 (15%) were infected with Streptococcus species, and 6 (7%) were infected with other bacteria. Baseline Child-Pugh class and model for end-stage liver disease score did not differ between groups. A significant increase in the incidence of infection during the warm season (July-September) was observed in the group with SBP due to Aeromonas species, compared with the group with SBP due to other bacteria (63% vs. 25%; P < .001). Diarrheal episodes were significantly more frequent in the group with SBP due to Aeromonas species (26% vs. 6%; P = .002). There were no statistically significant differences between groups with regard to appropriateness of initial antibiotic therapy,3-day mortality, and 30-day cumulative survival. In the group with Aeromonas infection, the in-hospital mortality rate was 23%; septic shock was the only independent prognostic factor of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 34.5;95% confidence interval, 1.9-640.6; P = .02). CONCLUSION Aeromonas species should be considered to be a causative organism of SBP in cirrhotic patients presenting with diarrheal episodes during the warm season. Compared with SBP caused by other organisms, SBP due to Aeromonas species was not associated with more-advanced cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Phil Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Rodríguez CN, Campos R, Pastran B, Jimenez I, Garcia A, Meijomil P, Rodríguez-Morales AJ. Sepsis due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Aeromonas hydrophila in a pediatric patient with diarrhea and pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 41:421-2. [PMID: 16007554 DOI: 10.1086/431773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
24
|
Seshadri R, Joseph SW, Chopra AK, Sha J, Shaw J, Graf J, Haft D, Wu M, Ren Q, Rosovitz MJ, Madupu R, Tallon L, Kim M, Jin S, Vuong H, Stine OC, Ali A, Horneman AJ, Heidelberg JF. Genome sequence of Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 7966T: jack of all trades. J Bacteriol 2006; 188:8272-82. [PMID: 16980456 PMCID: PMC1698176 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00621-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete genome of Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 7966(T) was sequenced. Aeromonas, a ubiquitous waterborne bacterium, has been placed by the Environmental Protection Agency on the Contaminant Candidate List because of its potential to cause human disease. The 4.7-Mb genome of this emerging pathogen shows a physiologically adroit organism with broad metabolic capabilities and considerable virulence potential. A large array of virulence genes, including some identified in clinical isolates of Aeromonas spp. or Vibrio spp., may confer upon this organism the ability to infect a wide range of hosts. However, two recognized virulence markers, a type III secretion system and a lateral flagellum, that are reported in other A. hydrophila strains are not identified in the sequenced isolate, ATCC 7966(T). Given the ubiquity and free-living lifestyle of this organism, there is relatively little evidence of fluidity in terms of mobile elements in the genome of this particular strain. Notable aspects of the metabolic repertoire of A. hydrophila include dissimilatory sulfate reduction and resistance mechanisms (such as thiopurine reductase, arsenate reductase, and phosphonate degradation enzymes) against toxic compounds encountered in polluted waters. These enzymes may have bioremediative as well as industrial potential. Thus, the A. hydrophila genome sequence provides valuable insights into its ability to flourish in both aquatic and host environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Seshadri
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Division of J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850,USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Necrotizing fasciitis is a rapidly progressive and potentially fatal infection. It is characterized by extensive subcutaneous and muscle necrosis. Aeromonus hydrophilia is a gram-negative faculatively anaerobic bacillus that is part of the normal flora of nonfecal sewage and is found in most water systems, soil, and fresh brackish water. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by A. hydrophilia have occurred in children who had underlying systemic diseases or immune dysfunction. We report a 14-year-old boy without underlying systemic diseases or immunodeficiency who developed necrotizing fasciitis secondary to A. hydrophilia and he was successfully treated with extensive surgical debridement and systemic antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walid Abuhammour
- Pediatric Infectious Disease, Hurley Medical Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48503, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Poirel L, Héritier C, Nordmann P. Genetic and biochemical characterization of the chromosome-encoded class B beta-lactamases from Shewanella livingstonensis (SLB-1) and Shewanella frigidimarina (SFB-1). J Antimicrob Chemother 2005; 55:680-5. [PMID: 15772146 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dki065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the beta-lactamase gene content of beta-lactam-susceptible psychrophilic gram-negative bacilli, Shewanella frigidimarina and Shewanella livingstonensis, isolated from a marine environment. METHODS Beta-lactamase genes were cloned, sequenced and expressed in Escherichia coli. Kinetic parameters were determined using purified enzymes. RESULTS Metallo-beta-lactamases SLB-1 and SFB-1 were identified from S. livingstonensis and S. frigidimarina, respectively, sharing 65% amino acid identity and being distantly related to other Ambler class B beta-lactamases (40 and 36% amino acid identity with GIM-1 and IMP-1 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively). SLB-1 had an EDTA-inhibited and broad-spectrum beta-lactam hydrolysis profile, whereas SFB-1 did not hydrolyse cephalosporins, with activity being weakly inhibited by EDTA and dipicolinic acid. CONCLUSIONS This work provides further evidence that psychrophilic bacterial species may constitute a reservoir of beta-lactam resistance genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Poirel
- Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique/Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|