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Yahaghi E, Imani Fooladi AA, Amin M, Mirnejad R, Nezamzade R, Amani J. Detection of Class I Integrons in Staphyloacoccus aurous Isolated From Clinical Samples. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 16:e16234. [PMID: 25763211 PMCID: PMC4329933 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.16234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aurous is a major pathogen, causing variety of diseases and death in Iran and in the world. Despite the use of a spectrum of new antibiotics, this organism has caused severe infections in burns as well as in different parts of the body, due to acquired drug resistance. Widespread inappropriate use of antibiotics in treating bacterial infections has led to the selection and circulation of resistant strains and the growing risk of transferring resistant genes to sensitive bacteria. One of the causes of antibiotic resistance in S. aurous strains is the gain of resistance genes including integrase and qac/sul1. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of class 1 integron in S. aurous strains isolated from clinical samples for the first time in Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 200 strains of S. aurous isolated from patients admitted to Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran in 2013. These strains were confirmed using biochemical and serological tests and the presence of class 1 integron was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Among the 200 samples, 1% of the strains (two isolates) contained the class 1 integron gene. The results of this study showed that the highest frequency of the obtained samples belonged to males and the isolates occurred mostly in individuals aged 51-60 years old. The highest number of strains was found in wound samples. The strains were most frequently isolated from the emergency ward and the intensive care unit (ICU). Conclusions: Findings of this study showed that integron can have a limited frequency in S. aurous isolated from clinical sample in Tehran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Yahaghi
- Department of Microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, IR Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi, Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9122269267, E-mail:
| | - Mohsen Amin
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Reza Mirnejad
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Reza Nezamzade
- Department of Microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, IR Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Lopes GV, Michael GB, Cardoso M, Schwarz S. Identification and characterization ofSalmonella entericasubsp.entericaserovar Derby isolates carrying a newaadA26gene cassette in a class 1 integron obtained at pig slaughterhouses. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2014; 356:71-8. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Volz Lopes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFGRS); Porto Alegre Brazil
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics; Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI); Neustadt-Mariensee Germany
| | - Geovana Brenner Michael
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics; Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI); Neustadt-Mariensee Germany
| | - Marisa Cardoso
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFGRS); Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics; Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI); Neustadt-Mariensee Germany
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Wang J, Stephan R, Karczmarczyk M, Yan Q, Hächler H, Fanning S. Molecular characterization of bla ESBL-harboring conjugative plasmids identified in multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from food-producing animals and healthy humans. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:188. [PMID: 23874325 PMCID: PMC3708134 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-encoding genes are frequently mapped to plasmids, yet few of these structures have been characterized at the molecular level, to date. Methods: Eighty-seven ESBL-producing Escherichia coli were isolated from fecal samples of food-producing animals and healthy humans in Switzerland from 2009 to 2011. Plasmid DNA of all isolates was purified. Broth mating assays were carried out individually for 32 isolates to determine if the ESBL marker could be transferred by conjugation. The plasmid sizes were determined by S1-nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and the plasmids were typed by PCR-based replicon typing. Susceptibility tests by disk diffusion followed with a re-analysis S1-nuclease PFGE and PCRs were performed to confirm plasmid transfer. Microarray was performed to detect additional antibiotic resistance markers and multi-locus sequence typing was also performed in selected donor strains. The phylotypes were identified by triplex PCR. Results: About half (n = 46) of the 87 isolates carried small (<20-kb) plasmids. All selected 32 isolates contained large plasmids (ranging in sizes from 20- to 600-kb). Eleven plasmid replicon types were detected. Of these, IncFIA (n = 5), IncFIB (n = 9), and IncK/B (n = 4) were common. Nine isolates demonstrated the ability to transfer their cefotaxime resistance marker at high transfer rates. Plasmid profile re-analysis of these transconjugants identified 16 plasmids. IncFIB and IncI1 were the most prevalent replicon types. Phylogenetic grouping showed that five of the nine donor strains belonged to phylogroup B1. Nine different sequence types were identified in nine tested donor strains. Conclusion: Characterization of these ESBL-encoding conjugative plasmids extends our understanding on these resistance markers in multi-drug resistant E. coli cultured from healthy human and animal sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- UCD Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, UCD Centre for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, University College Dublin Dublin, Ireland
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Deekshit V, Kumar B, Rai P, Srikumar S, Karunasagar I, Karunasagar I. Detection of class 1 integrons in Salmonella Weltevreden and silent antibiotic resistance genes in some seafood-associated nontyphoidal isolates of Salmonella in south-west coast of India. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 112:1113-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05290.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Scientific Opinion on the public health risks of bacterial strains producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases and/or AmpC β-lactamases in food and food-producing animals. EFSA J 2011. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Martínez N, Rodríguez I, Rodicio R, Mendoza MDC, Rodicio MDR. Molecular Basis and Evolution of Multiple Drug Resistance in the Foodborne PathogenSalmonella entericaSerovar Ohio. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2010; 7:189-98. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2009.0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Martínez
- Department of Functional Biology, Microbiology Area, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Irene Rodríguez
- Department of Functional Biology, Microbiology Area, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias (IUBA), University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Rosaura Rodicio
- Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias (IUBA), University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | | | - María del Rosario Rodicio
- Department of Functional Biology, Microbiology Area, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias (IUBA), University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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Nagachinta S, Chen J. Integron-mediated antibiotic resistance in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. J Food Prot 2009; 72:21-7. [PMID: 19205459 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-72.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to characterize the integrons present in a group of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolates and the ability of these integrons to transfer antibiotic resistance genes from STEC to E. coli K-12 MG1655. A total of 177 STEC isolates were analyzed for antibiotic susceptibility and the presence of integrons. Class 1 integrons were detected in 14 STEC isolates, and a class 2 integron was identified in 1 STEC isolate. The STEC isolates positive for class 1 integrons were resistant to streptomycin (MICs > 128 microg/ml) and sulfisoxazole (MICs > 1,024 microg/ml), and the isolate positive for the class 2 integron was resistant to streptomycin (MIC of 128 microg/ml), trimethoprim (MIC > 256 microg/ml), and streptothricin (MIC > 32 microg/ml). Results of restriction digestion and nucleotide sequencing revealed that the cassette regions of the class 1 integrons had a uniform size of 1.1 kb and contained a nucleotide sequence identical to that of aadA1. The class 2 integron cassette region was 2.0 kb and carried nucleotide sequences homologous to those of aadA1, sat1, and dfrA1. Results of the conjugation experiments revealed that horizontal transfers of conjugative plasmids are responsible for the dissemination of class 1 integron-mediated antibiotic resistance genes from STEC to E. coli K-12 MG1655. Antibiotic resistance traits not mediated by integrons, such as resistance to tetracycline and oxytetracycline, were cotransferred with the integron-mediated antibiotic resistance genes. The study suggested a possible role of integron and conjugative plasmid in dissemination of genes conferring resistance to antibiotics from pathogenic to generic E. coli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supakana Nagachinta
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223-1797, USA
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Lapierre L, Cornejo J, Borie C, Toro C, San Martín B. Genetic Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Linked to Class 1 and Class 2 Integrons in Commensal Strains of Escherichia coli Isolated from Poultry and Swine. Microb Drug Resist 2008; 14:265-72. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2008.0810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Lapierre
- Laboratories of Veterinary Pharmacology, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Cornejo
- Laboratories of Veterinary Pharmacology, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Consuelo Borie
- Laboratories of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Toro
- Laboratory of Antibiotics, College of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Betty San Martín
- Laboratories of Veterinary Pharmacology, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
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Gionechetti F, Zucca P, Gombac F, Monti-Bragadin C, Lagatolla C, Tonin E, Edalucci E, Vitali LA, Dolzani L. Characterization of antimicrobial resistance and class 1 integrons in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from Mediterranean herring gulls (Larus cachinnans). Microb Drug Resist 2008; 14:93-9. [PMID: 18476779 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2008.0803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediterranean herring gulls (Larus cachinnans) were investigated as a possible reservoir of antibiotic resistant bacteria and of cassette-borne resistance genes located in class 1 integrons. Two hundred and fourteen isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae were collected from cloacal swabs of 92 chicks captured in a natural reserve in the North East of Italy. They showed high percentages of resistance to ampicillin and streptomycin. High percentages of resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were found in Proteus and Citrobacter and to chloramphenicol in Proteus. Twenty-two (10%) isolates carried the intI1 gene. Molecular characterization of the integron variable regions showed a great diversity, with the presence of 11 different cassette arrays and of one integron without integrated cassettes. The dfrA1-aadA1a and aadB-aadA2 cassette arrays were the most frequently detected. Also the estX cassette, alone or in combination with other cassettes, was detected in many isolates. From this study it is concluded that the enteric flora of Mediterranean herring gulls may act as a reservoir of resistant bacteria and of resistance genes. Due to their feeding habits and their ability to fly over long distances, these free-living birds may facilitate the circulation of resistant strains between waste-handling facilities, crops, waters, and urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gionechetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
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Rodríguez I, Rodicio MR, Herrera-León S, Echeita A, Mendoza MC. Class 1 integrons in multidrug-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica isolated in Spain between 2002 and 2004. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2008; 32:158-64. [PMID: 18571383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 03/10/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 119 multidrug-resistant isolates of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovars collected in Spain (2002-2004) were screened for integrons. Among the isolates, 73.1% contained class 1 integrons, however classes 2 and 3 were not detected. Integrons containing gene cassettes were found in S. Enteritidis (16/32), S. Typhimurium biphasic (18/32) and monophasic [4,5,12:i:-] (11/19), S. Virchow (17/18) and S. Brandenburg (8/8), but not in S. Hadar (0/10). Ten complete and four incomplete gene cassettes, combined in 10 variable regions, were identified, one of which (2100 bp/dfrA1-597 bp-aadA24) was a new description. Most integrons mapped on plasmids of ca. 40-340 kb. Exceptions were 1000 bp/aadA2 and 1200 bp/bla PSE-1 found on the chromosome of biphasic S. Typhimurium, probably as part of SGI1-like structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Area de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería n degrees 6, Oviedo, Spain
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Machado E, Ferreira J, Novais A, Peixe L, Cantón R, Baquero F, Coque TM. Preservation of integron types among Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in a Spanish hospital over a 15-year period (1988 to 2003). Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51:2201-4. [PMID: 17404002 PMCID: PMC1891394 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01389-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The variable presence of integrons among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae species (0 to 66%) is described. Association between bla(ESBL) and integrons occurred when these are linked to specific ESBL-type genes (In60 bearing ISCR1 and bla(CTX-M-9)) or when ESBL genes were superimposed onto selected plasmids carrying integrons. Some integrons were identical to those found during decades worldwide, illustrating the preservation of the genetic elements carrying them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabete Machado
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Carretera de Colmenar, km. 9.1. Madrid 28034, Spain
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