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Abstract
Over the last few decades, MS-based lipidomics has emerged as a powerful tool to study lipids in biological systems. This success is driven by the constant demand for complete and reliable data. The improvement of MS-based lipidomics will continue to be dependent on the advances in the technology of mass spectrometry and related techniques including separation and bioinformatics, and more importantly, on gaining insight into the knowledge of lipid chemistry essential to develop methodology for lipid analysis. It is hoped that the protocols in this book, collected from experts in their fields, can offer the beginner and the advanced user alike, useful tips toward successful lipidomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fong-Fu Hsu
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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OpiA, a Type Six Secretion System Substrate, Localizes to the Cell Pole and Plays a Role in Bacterial Growth and Viability in Francisella tularensis LVS. J Bacteriol 2020; 202:JB.00048-20. [PMID: 32366588 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00048-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Francisella tularensis is an intracellular pathogen and the causative agent of tularemia. The F. tularensis type six secretion system (T6SS) is required for a number of host-pathogen interactions, including phagolysosomal escape and invasion of erythrocytes. One known effector of the T6SS, OpiA, has recently been shown to be a phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. To investigate the role of OpiA in erythrocyte invasion, we constructed an opiA-null mutant in the live vaccine strain, F. tularensis LVS. OpiA was not required for erythrocyte invasion; however, deletion of opiA affected growth of F. tularensis LVS in broth cultures in a medium-dependent manner. We also found that opiA influenced cell size, gentamicin sensitivity, bacterial viability, and the lipid content of F. tularensis A fluorescently tagged OpiA (OpiA-emerald-green fluorescent protein [EmGFP]) accumulated at the cell poles of F. tularensis, which is consistent with the location of the T6SS. However, OpiA-EmGFP also exhibited a highly dynamic localization, and this fusion protein was detected in erythrocytes and THP-1 cells in vitro, further supporting that OpiA is secreted. Similar to previous reports with F. novicida, our data demonstrated that opiA had a minimal effect on intracellular replication of F. tularensis in host immune cells in vitro However, THP-1 cells infected with the opiA mutant produced modestly (but significantly) higher levels of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha compared to these host cells infected with wild-type bacteria. We conclude that, in addition to its role in host-pathogen interactions, our results reveal that the function of opiA is central to the biology of F. tularensis bacteria.IMPORTANCE F. tularensis is a pathogenic intracellular pathogen that is of importance for public health and strategic defense. This study characterizes the opiA gene of F. tularensis LVS, an attenuated strain that has been used as a live vaccine but that also shares significant genetic similarity to related Francisella strains that cause human disease. The data presented here provide the first evidence of a T6SS effector protein that affects the physiology of F. tularensis, namely, the growth, cell size, viability, and aminoglycoside resistance of F. tularensis LVS. This study also adds insight into our understanding of OpiA as a determinant of virulence. Finally, the fluorescence fusion constructs presented here will be useful tools for dissecting the role of OpiA in infection.
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Gao X, Liu W, Mei J, Xie J. Quantitative Analysis of Cold Stress Inducing Lipidomic Changes in Shewanella putrefaciens Using UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Molecules 2019; 24:E4609. [PMID: 31888284 PMCID: PMC6943694 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Shewanella putrefaciens is a well-known specific spoilage organism (SSO) and cold-tolerant microorganism in refrigerated fresh marine fish. Cold-adapted mechanism includes increased fluidity of lipid membranes by the ability to finely adjust lipids composition. In the present study, the lipid profile of S. putrefaciens cultivated at 30, 20, 10, 4, and 0 °C was explored using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) to discuss the effect of lipid composition on cold-adapted tolerance. Lipidomic analysis detected a total of 27 lipid classes and 606 lipid molecular species in S. putrefaciens cultivated at 30, 20, 10, 4, and 0 °C. S. putrefaciens cultivated at 30 °C (SP-30) had significantly higher content of glycerolipids, sphingolipids, saccharolipids, and fatty acids compared with that at 0 °C (SP-0); however, the lower content of phospholipids (13.97%) was also found in SP-30. PE (30:0), PE (15:0/15:0), PE (31:0), PA (33:1), PE (32:1), PE (33:1), PE (25:0), PC (22:0), PE (29:0), PE (34:1), dMePE (15:0/16:1), PE (31:1), dMePE (15:1/15:0), PG (34:2), and PC (11:0/11:0) were identified as the most abundant lipid molecular species in S. putrefaciens cultivated at 30, 20, 10, 4, and 0 °C. The increase of PG content contributes to the construction of membrane lipid bilayer and successfully maintains membrane integrity under cold stress. S. putrefaciens cultivated at low temperature significantly increased the total unsaturated liquid contents but decreased the content of saturated liquid contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.G.); (W.L.)
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai 201306, China
- School of Health and Social Care, Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College, Shanghai 201415, China
| | - Wenru Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.G.); (W.L.)
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jun Mei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.G.); (W.L.)
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.G.); (W.L.)
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai 201306, China
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Coelho C, Brown L, Maryam M, Vij R, Smith DFQ, Burnet MC, Kyle JE, Heyman HM, Ramirez J, Prados-Rosales R, Lauvau G, Nakayasu ES, Brady NR, Hamacher-Brady A, Coppens I, Casadevall A. Listeria monocytogenes virulence factors, including listeriolysin O, are secreted in biologically active extracellular vesicles. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:1202-1217. [PMID: 30504226 PMCID: PMC6349127 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles produced by Gram-negative bacteria have been studied for half a century but the possibility that Gram-positive bacteria secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) was not pursued until recently due to the assumption that the thick peptidoglycan cell wall would prevent their release to the environment. However, following their discovery in fungi, which also have cell walls, EVs have now been described for a variety of Gram-positive bacteria. EVs purified from Gram-positive bacteria are implicated in virulence, toxin release, and transference to host cells, eliciting immune responses, and spread of antibiotic resistance. Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes listeriosis. Here we report that L. monocytogenes produces EVs with diameters ranging from 20 to 200 nm, containing the pore-forming toxin listeriolysin O (LLO) and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). Cell-free EV preparations were toxic to mammalian cells, the murine macrophage cell line J774.16, in a LLO-dependent manner, evidencing EV biological activity. The deletion of plcA increased EV toxicity, suggesting PI-PLC reduced LLO activity. Using simultaneous metabolite, protein, and lipid extraction (MPLEx) multiomics we characterized protein, lipid, and metabolite composition of bacterial cells and secreted EVs and found that EVs carry the majority of listerial virulence proteins. Using immunogold EM we detected LLO at several organelles within infected human epithelial cells and with high-resolution fluorescence imaging we show that dynamic lipid structures are released from L. monocytogenes during infection. Our findings demonstrate that L. monocytogenes uses EVs for toxin release and implicate these structures in mammalian cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Coelho
- From the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, , To whom correspondence may be addressed:
Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205. E-mail:
| | - Lisa Brown
- the Department of Microbiology and Immunology and
| | - Maria Maryam
- From the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Raghav Vij
- From the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Daniel F. Q. Smith
- From the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Meagan C. Burnet
- the Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, and
| | - Jennifer E. Kyle
- the Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, and
| | - Heino M. Heyman
- the Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, and
| | - Jasmine Ramirez
- From the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | | | - Gregoire Lauvau
- the Department of Microbiology and Immunology and ,Division of Infectious Diseases of the Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Ernesto S. Nakayasu
- the Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, and
| | - Nathan R. Brady
- From the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Anne Hamacher-Brady
- From the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Isabelle Coppens
- From the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Arturo Casadevall
- From the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, ,the Department of Microbiology and Immunology and ,Division of Infectious Diseases of the Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York 10461, , Supported by National Institutes of Health Grants 5R01HL059842, 5R01AI033774, 5R37AI033142, and 5R01AI052733. To whom correspondence may be addressed:
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205. E-mail:
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Furse S, Jakubec M, Rise F, Williams HE, Rees CED, Halskau Ø. Evidence that Listeria innocua modulates its membrane's stored curvature elastic stress, but not fluidity, through the cell cycle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8012. [PMID: 28808346 PMCID: PMC5556093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06855-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reports that the abundances of endogenous cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine halve during elongation of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria innocua. The lyotropic phase behaviour of model lipid systems that describe these modulations in lipid composition indicate that the average stored curvature elastic stress of the membrane is reduced on elongation of the cell, while the fluidity appears to be maintained. These findings suggest that phospholipid metabolism is linked to the cell cycle and that changes in membrane composition can facilitate passage to the succeding stage of the cell cycle. This therefore suggests a means by which bacteria can manage the physical properties of their membranes through the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Furse
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, NO-5006, Bergen, Norway
| | - Martin Jakubec
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, NO-5006, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frode Rise
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Huw E Williams
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine E D Rees
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LE12 5RD, Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom
| | - Øyvind Halskau
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, NO-5006, Bergen, Norway.
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Berberi A, Dimareli P, Diakogiannis I, Markaki P, Mastronicolis SK. “Memorized” modifications on Listeria monocytogenes’ membrane lipids and fatty acid profile after its survival on soft white feta-type cheese. ANN MICROBIOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-016-1195-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Sirobhushanam S, Galva C, Sen S, Wilkinson BJ, Gatto C. Broad substrate specificity of phosphotransbutyrylase from Listeria monocytogenes: A potential participant in an alternative pathway for provision of acyl CoA precursors for fatty acid biosynthesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1861:1102-1110. [PMID: 27320015 PMCID: PMC4947441 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, the causative organism of the serious food-borne disease listeriosis, has a membrane abundant in branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs). BCFAs are normally biosynthesized from branched-chain amino acids via the activity of branched chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (Bkd), and disruption of this pathway results in reduced BCFA content in the membrane. Short branched-chain carboxylic acids (BCCAs) added as media supplements result in incorporation of BCFAs arising from the supplemented BCCAs in the membrane of L. monocytogenes bkd mutant MOR401. High concentrations of the supplements also effect similar changes in the membrane of the wild type organism with intact bkd. Such carboxylic acids clearly act as fatty acid precursors, and there must be an alternative pathway resulting in the formation of their CoA thioester derivatives. Candidates for this are the enzymes phosphotransbutyrylase (Ptb) and butyrate kinase (Buk), the products of the first two genes of the bkd operon. Ptb from L. monocytogenes exhibited broad substrate specificity, a strong preference for branched-chain substrates, a lack of activity with acetyl CoA and hexanoyl CoA, and strict chain length preference (C3-C5). Ptb catalysis involved ternary complex formation. Additionally, Ptb could utilize unnatural branched-chain substrates such as 2-ethylbutyryl CoA, albeit with lower efficiency, consistent with a potential involvement of this enzyme in the conversion of the carboxylic acid additives into CoA primers for BCFA biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charitha Galva
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
| | - Suranjana Sen
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
| | - Brian J Wilkinson
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
| | - Craig Gatto
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA.
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Cardiolipins Act as a Selective Barrier to Toll-Like Receptor 4 Activation in the Intestine. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:4264-78. [PMID: 27208127 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00463-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Intestinal homeostasis mechanisms must protect the host intestinal tissue from endogenous lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) produced by the intestinal microbiota. In this report, we demonstrate that murine intestinal fecal lipids effectively block Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) responses to naturally occurring Bacteroidetes sp. LPS. Cardiolipin (CL) represents a significant proportion of the total intestinal and fecal lipids and, furthermore, potently antagonizes TLR4 activation by reducing LPS binding at the lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), CD14, and MD-2 steps of the TLR4 signaling pathway. It is further demonstrated that intestinal lipids and CL are less effective at neutralizing more potent Enterobacteriaceae-type LPS, which is enriched in feces obtained from mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-treated inflammatory bowel disease. The selective inhibition of naturally occurring LPS structures by intestinal lipids may represent a novel homeostasis mechanism that blocks LPS activation in response to symbiotic but not dysbiotic microbial communities. IMPORTANCE The guts of animals harbor a variety of Gram-negative bacteria associated with both states of intestinal health and states of disease. Environmental factors, such as dietary habits, can drive the microbial composition of the host animal's intestinal bacterial community toward a more pathogenic state. Both beneficial and harmful Gram-negative bacteria are capable of eliciting potentially damaging inflammatory responses from the host intestinal tissues via a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-dependent pathway. Physical mucosal barriers and antibodies produced by the intestinal immune system protect against the undesired inflammatory effects of LPS, although it is unknown why some bacteria are more effective at overcoming the protective barriers than others. This report describes the discovery of a lipid-type protective barrier in the intestine that reduces the deleterious effects of LPSs from beneficial bacteria but is less effective in dampening the inflammatory effects of LPSs from harmful bacteria, providing a novel mechanistic insight into inflammatory intestinal disorders.
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Sohlenkamp C, Geiger O. Bacterial membrane lipids: diversity in structures and pathways. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2015; 40:133-59. [DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuv008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 571] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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10
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Characterization of polar lipids of Listeria monocytogenes by HCD and low-energy CAD linear ion-trap mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:2519-28. [PMID: 25656850 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8480-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a facultative, Gram-positive, food-borne bacterium, which causes serious infections. Although it is known that lipids play important roles in the survival of Listeria, the detailed structures of these lipids have not been established. In this contribution, we described linear ion-trap multiple-stage mass spectrometric approaches with high-resolution mass spectrometry toward complete structural analysis including the identities of the fatty acid substituents and their position on the glycerol backbone of the polar lipids, mainly phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin (CL), and lysyl-CL from L. monocytogenes. The location of the methyl side group along the fatty acid chain in each lipid family was characterized by a charge-switch strategy. This is achieved by first alkaline hydrolysis to release the fatty acid substituents, followed by tandem mass spectrometry on their N-(4-aminomethylphenyl) pyridinium (AMPP) derivatives as the M+ ions. Several findings in this study are unique: (1) we confirm the presence of a plasmalogen PG family that has not been previous reported; (2) an ion arising from a rare internal loss of lysylglycerol residue was observed in the MS(2) spectrum of lysyl-CL, permitting its distinction from other CL subfamilies.
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Murphy SA, Nicolaou A. Lipidomics applications in health, disease and nutrition research. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1336-46. [PMID: 23729171 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The structural and functional diversity of lipids accounts for their involvement into a wide range of homeostatic processes and disease states, including lifestyle-related diseases as well as genetic conditions. Challenges presented by this diversity have been addressed to a great extent by the development of lipidomics, a platform that makes possible the detailed profiling and characterisation of lipid species present in any cell, organelle, tissue or body fluid, and allows for a wider appreciation of the biological role of lipid networks. Progress in the field of lipidomics has been greatly facilitated by recent advances in MS and includes a range of analytical platforms supporting applications spanning from qualitative and quantitative assessment of multiple species to lipid imaging. Here we review these MS techniques currently in routine use in lipidomics, alongside with new ones that have started making an impact in the field. Recent applications in health, disease and nutrition-related questions will also be discussed with a view to convey the importance of lipidomics contributions to biosciences and food technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A Murphy
- School of Pharmacy and Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
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12
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MILADI HANENE, BAKHROUF AMINA, AMMAR EMNA. CELLULAR LIPID FATTY ACID PROFILES OF REFERENCE AND FOOD ISOLATESLISTERIA MONOCYTOGENESAS A RESPONSE TO REFRIGERATION AND FREEZING STRESS. J Food Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2011.00607.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Bisbiroulas P, Psylou M, Iliopoulou I, Diakogiannis I, Berberi A, Mastronicolis S. Adaptational changes in cellular phospholipids and fatty acid composition of the food pathogen Listeria monocytogenes as a stress response to disinfectant sanitizer benzalkonium chloride. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 52:275-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02995.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Bisbiroulas P, Psylou M, Iliopoulou I, Diakogiannis I, Berberi A, Mastronicolis S. Adaptational changes in cellular phospholipids and fatty acid composition of the food pathogen Listeria monocytogenes as a stress response to disinfectant sanitizer benzalkonium chloride. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.02995.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Mastronicolis SK, Berberi A, Diakogiannis I, Petrova E, Kiaki I, Baltzi T, Xenikakis P. Alteration of the phospho- or neutral lipid content and fatty acid composition in Listeria monocytogenes due to acid adaptation mechanisms for hydrochloric, acetic and lactic acids at pH 5.5 or benzoic acid at neutral pH. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2010; 98:307-16. [PMID: 20379849 PMCID: PMC2935972 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-010-9439-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2009] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
This study provides a first approach to observe the effects on Listeria monocytogenes of cellular exposure to acid stress at low or neutral pH, notably how phospho- or neutral lipids are involved in this mechanism, besides the fatty acid profile alteration. A thorough investigation of the composition of polar and neutral lipids from L. monocytogenes grown at pH 5.5 in presence of hydrochloric, acetic and lactic acids, or at neutral pH 7.3 in presence of benzoic acid, is described relative to cells grown in acid-free medium. The results showed that only low pH values enhance the antimicrobial activity of an acid. We suggest that, irrespective of pH, the acid adaptation response will lead to a similar alteration in fatty acid composition [decreasing the ratio of branched chain/saturated straight fatty acids of total lipids], mainly originating from the neutral lipid class of adapted cultures. Acid adaptation in L. monocytogenes was correlated with a decrease in total lipid phosphorus and, with the exception of cells adapted to benzoic acid, this change in the amount of phosphorus reflected a higher content of the neutral lipid class. Upon acetic or benzoic acid stress the lipid phosphorus proportion was analysed in the main phospholipids present: cardiolipin, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphoaminolipid and phosphatidylinositol. Interestingly only benzoic acid had a dramatic effect on the relative quantities of these four phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia K Mastronicolis
- Food Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece.
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Singh AK, Zhang YM, Zhu K, Subramanian C, Li Z, Jayaswal RK, Gatto C, Rock CO, Wilkinson BJ. FabH selectivity for anteiso branched-chain fatty acid precursors in low-temperature adaptation in Listeria monocytogenes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2009; 301:188-92. [PMID: 19863661 PMCID: PMC2818224 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01814.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-positive bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes, adjust membrane fluidity by shortening the fatty acid chain length and increasing the proportional production of anteiso fatty acids at lower growth temperatures. The first condensation reaction in fatty acid biosynthesis is carried out by beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (FabH), which determines the type of fatty acid produced in bacteria. Here, we measured the initial rates of FabH-catalyzed condensation of malonyl-acyl carrier protein and alternate branched-chain precursor acyl-CoAs utilizing affinity-purified His-tagged L. monocytogenes FabH heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. Listeria monocytogenes FabH showed a preference for 2-methylbutyryl-CoA, the precursor of odd-numbered anteiso fatty acids, at 30 degrees C, which was further increased at a low temperature (10 degrees C), suggesting that temperature-dependent substrate selectivity of FabH underlies the increased formation of anteiso branched-chain fatty acids during low-temperature adaptation. The increased FabH preferential condensation of 2-methylbutyryl-CoA could not be attributed to a significantly higher availability of this fatty acid precursor as acyl-CoA pool levels were reduced similarly for all fatty acid precursors at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul K Singh
- Microbiology Group, School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4120, USA
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