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Huynh TQ, Tran NBV, Pham TTV, Le VBT, Truong TP, Huynh VA, Tong TH, Trinh TTL, Nguyen VD, Pham LNM, Nguyen TH, Lin Q, Lim TK, Lin Q, Nguyen TTH. Adaptive response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa under serial ciprofloxacin exposure. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2024; 170:001443. [PMID: 38568202 PMCID: PMC11084610 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the evolution of antibiotic resistance is important for combating drug-resistant bacteria. In this work, we investigated the adaptive response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin-susceptible P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027, CIP-E1 (P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 exposed to ciprofloxacin for 14 days) and CIP-E2 (CIP-E1 cultured in antibiotic-free broth for 10 days) were compared. Phenotypic responses including cell morphology, antibiotic susceptibility, and production of pyoverdine, pyocyanin and rhamnolipid were assessed. Proteomic responses were evaluated using comparative iTRAQ labelling LC-MS/MS to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Expression of associated genes coding for notable DEPs and their related regulatory genes were checked using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. CIP-E1 displayed a heterogeneous morphology, featuring both filamentous cells and cells with reduced length and width. By contrast, although filaments were not present, CIP-E2 still exhibited size reduction. Considering the MIC values, ciprofloxacin-exposed strains developed resistance to fluoroquinolone antibiotics but maintained susceptibility to other antibiotic classes, except for carbapenems. Pyoverdine and pyocyanin production showed insignificant decreases, whereas there was a significant decrease in rhamnolipid production. A total of 1039 proteins were identified, of which approximately 25 % were DEPs. In general, there were more downregulated proteins than upregulated proteins. Noted changes included decreased OprD and PilP, and increased MexEF-OprN, MvaT and Vfr, as well as proteins of ribosome machinery and metabolism clusters. Gene expression analysis confirmed the proteomic data and indicated the downregulation of rpoB and rpoS. In summary, the response to CIP involved approximately a quarter of the proteome, primarily associated with ribosome machinery and metabolic processes. Potential targets for bacterial interference encompassed outer membrane proteins and global regulators, such as MvaT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuc Quyen Huynh
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Bao Vy Tran
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thuy Vy Pham
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vo Bao Tran Le
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Van An Huynh
- Gia Dinh People’s Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Hang Tong
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Truc Ly Trinh
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van Dung Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Le Nhat Minh Pham
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Hiep Nguyen
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Qifeng Lin
- Protein and Proteomics Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Teck Kwang Lim
- Protein and Proteomics Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qingsong Lin
- Protein and Proteomics Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thi Thu Hoai Nguyen
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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2
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Schniete JK, Brüser T, Horn MA, Tschowri N. Specialized biopolymers: versatile tools for microbial resilience. Curr Opin Microbiol 2024; 77:102405. [PMID: 38070462 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria produce a wide range of specialized biopolymers that can be classified into polysaccharides, polyamides, and polyesters and are considered to fulfill storage functions. In this review, we highlight recent developments in the field linking metabolism of biopolymers to stress and signaling physiology of the producers and demonstrating that biopolymers contribute to bacterial stress resistance and shape structure and composition of microenvironments. While specialized biopolymers are currently the focus of much attention in biotechnology as innovative and biodegradable materials, our understanding about the regulation and functions of these valuable compounds for the producers, microbial communities, and our environment is still very limited. Addressing open questions about signals, mechanisms, and functions in the area of biopolymers harbors potential for exciting discoveries with high relevance for biotechnology and fundamental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana K Schniete
- Institute of Microbiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Thomas Brüser
- Institute of Microbiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcus A Horn
- Institute of Microbiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Natalia Tschowri
- Institute of Microbiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
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3
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Ganjo AR, Ali FA, Aka ST, Hussen BM, Smail SB. Diversity of biofilm-specific antimicrobial resistance genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from various clinical isolates. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2023; 15:742-749. [PMID: 38156300 PMCID: PMC10751611 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v15i6.14134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives The resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics offers a significant challenge in the treatment of patients. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profile, biofilm-specific antimicrobial resistance genes, and genetic diversity of P. aeruginosa recovered from clinical samples. Materials and Methods Totally 47 non-duplicate isolates of P. aeruginosa were recovered from various clinical samples. toxA, algD, ndvB, and tssC1 genes were detected in biofilm-producing isolates. The DNA sequences of the toxA and tssC1 genes were analyzed, by creating phylogenetic trees. Results The findings revealed that 30 (63.8%) of the isolates tested positive for Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), whereas 31 (65.9%) tested positive for Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) and all of the isolates presented the toxA genes, and 19.1%,17%, 6.3% presented by algD, ndvB and tssC1 genes. Besides, the phylogenetic trees of the toxA and tssC1 gene isolates suggested a genotype that was closely aligned with others. Gene sequencing similarity revealed 99% identity with other isolates deposited in GenBank. Conclusion The occurrence of toxA was most prevalent. One isolate was recorded as a novel isolate in the global gene bank as a locally isolated strain from the city of Erbil that has never been identified in global isolates due to genetic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryan R. Ganjo
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Fattma A. Ali
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Science, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Safaa T. Aka
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Bashdar M. Hussen
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
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4
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Evans CR, Smiley MK, Asahara Thio S, Wei M, Florek LC, Dayton H, Price-Whelan A, Min W, Dietrich LEP. Spatial heterogeneity in biofilm metabolism elicited by local control of phenazine methylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2313208120. [PMID: 37847735 PMCID: PMC10614215 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313208120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Within biofilms, gradients of electron acceptors such as oxygen stimulate the formation of physiological subpopulations. This heterogeneity can enable cross-feeding and promote drug resilience, features of the multicellular lifestyle that make biofilm-based infections difficult to treat. The pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces pigments called phenazines that can support metabolic activity in hypoxic/anoxic biofilm subzones, but these compounds also include methylated derivatives that are toxic to their producer under some conditions. In this study, we uncover roles for the global regulators RpoS and Hfq/Crc in controlling the beneficial and detrimental effects of methylated phenazines in biofilms. Our results indicate that RpoS controls phenazine methylation by modulating activity of the carbon catabolite repression pathway, in which the Hfq/Crc complex inhibits translation of the phenazine methyltransferase PhzM. We find that RpoS indirectly inhibits expression of CrcZ, a small RNA that binds to and sequesters Hfq/Crc, specifically in the oxic subzone of P. aeruginosa biofilms. Deletion of rpoS or crc therefore leads to overproduction of methylated phenazines, which we show leads to increased metabolic activity-an apparent beneficial effect-in hypoxic/anoxic subpopulations within biofilms. However, we also find that under specific conditions, biofilms lacking RpoS and/or Crc show increased sensitivity to phenazines indicating that the increased metabolic activity in these mutants comes at a cost. Together, these results suggest that complex regulation of PhzM allows P. aeruginosa to simultaneously exploit the benefits and limit the toxic effects of methylated phenazines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina K. Smiley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
| | - Sean Asahara Thio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
| | - Mian Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
| | - Lindsey C. Florek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
| | - Hannah Dayton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
| | - Alexa Price-Whelan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
| | - Wei Min
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
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Ma X, Wang L, Yang F, Li J, Guo L, Guo Y, He S. Drug sensitivity and genome-wide analysis of two strains of Mycoplasma gallisepticum with different biofilm intensity. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1196747. [PMID: 37621399 PMCID: PMC10445764 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1196747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is one of the major causative agents of chronic respiratory diseases in poultry. The biofilms of MG are highly correlated to its chronic infection. However data on genes involved in biofilm formation ability are still scarse. MG strains with distinct biofilm intensity were screened by crystal violet staining morphotyped and characterized for the drug sensitivity. Two MG strains NX-01 and NX-02 showed contrasted ability to biofilm formation. The biofilm formation ability of NX-01 strain was significantly higher than that of NX-02 strain (p < 0.01). The drug sensitivity test showed that the stronger the ability of MG stain to form biofilms, the weaker its sensitivity to 17 antibiotic drugs. Moreover, putative key genes related to biofilm formation were screened by genome-wide analysis. A total of 13 genes and proteins related to biofilm formation, including ManB, oppA, oppD, PDH, eno, RelA, msbA, deoA, gapA, rpoS, Adhesin P1 precursor, S-adenosine methionine synthetase, and methionyl tRNA synthetase were identified. There were five major discrepancies between the two isolated MG strains and the five NCBI-published MG strains. These findings provide potential targets for inhibiting the formation of biofilm of MG, and lay a foundation for treating chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Ma
- Clinical Veterinary Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Clinical Veterinary Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Clinical Veterinary Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jidong Li
- Clinical Veterinary Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Ningxia Xiaoming Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Yinchuan, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shenghu He
- Clinical Veterinary Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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Wang F, Fu Y, Lin Z, Zhang B, Se J, Guo X, Fan J, Jia Y, Xu X, Jiang Y, Shen C. Neglected Drivers of Antibiotic Resistance: Survival of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Pathogenic Escherichia coli from Livestock Waste through Dormancy and Release of Transformable Extracellular Antibiotic Resistance Genes under Heat Treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37336722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae has caused a global pandemic with high prevalence in livestock and poultry, which could disseminate into the environment and humans. To curb this risk, heat-based harmless treatment of livestock waste was carried out. However, some risks of the bacterial persistence have not been thoroughly assessed. This study demonstrated that antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) could survive at 55 °C through dormancy, and simultaneously transformable extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (eARGs) would be released. The ESBL-producing pathogenic Escherichia coli CM1 from chicken manure could enter a dormant state at 55 °C and reactivate at 37 °C. Dormant CM1 had stronger β-lactam resistance, which was associated with high expression of β-lactamase genes and low expression of outer membrane porin genes. Resuscitated CM1 maintained its virulence expression and multidrug resistance and even had stronger cephalosporin resistance, which might be due to the ultra-low expression of the porin genes. Besides, heat at 55 °C promoted the release of eARGs, some of which possessed a certain nuclease stability and heat persistence, and even maintained their transformability to an Acinetobacter baylyi strain. Therefore, dormant multidrug-resistant pathogens from livestock waste will still pose a direct health risk to humans, while the resuscitation of dormant ARB and the transformation of released eARGs will jointly promote the proliferation of ARGs and the spread of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yulong Fu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhihao Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bingni Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Se
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoguang Guo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yangyang Jia
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaojie Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yunhan Jiang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chaofeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China
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7
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Arslan E, Coşkun MK, Çobanoğlu Ş, Aslan MH, Yazıcı A. Effects of Four Antibiotics on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Motility, Biofilm Formation, and Biofilm-Specific Antibiotic Resistance Genes Expression. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 106:115931. [PMID: 37086710 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.115931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 4 antibiotics (tobramycin, fosfomycin, ciprofloxacin, and piperacillin/tazobactam) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa motility, biofilm formation, and biofilm resistance gene expression changes using different methods including microscopy, microdilution, crystal violet staining, and qRT-PCR. Although the antibiotics reduced swarming motility, they inhibited biofilm formation to a greater extent than the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value. The qRT-PCR results showed that the antibiotics, other than fosfomycin, decreased the expression levels of the selected biofilm resistance genes (ndvB, tssC1, PA5033 and PA2070) in the biofilm structure compared to planktonic cells. Furthermore, it was found that there was an increase in the expression levels of biofilm resistance genes in the antibiotic application groups compared to the biofilm structure that was not treated with antibiotics. These results showed for the first time that the treatment of antibiotics at sub-MIC concentrations increases the expression levels of biofilm-specific resistance genes and contributes to resistance and motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Faculty of Science, Erzurum, Turkey; Erzurum Technical University, High Technology Research and Application Centre (YUTAM), Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed K Coşkun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Faculty of Science, Erzurum, Turkey; Erzurum Technical University, High Technology Research and Application Centre (YUTAM), Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Şeymanur Çobanoğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Faculty of Science, Erzurum, Turkey; Erzurum Technical University, High Technology Research and Application Centre (YUTAM), Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehtap H Aslan
- Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Microbiology Laboratory, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ayşenur Yazıcı
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Faculty of Science, Erzurum, Turkey; Erzurum Technical University, High Technology Research and Application Centre (YUTAM), Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Erzurum, Turkey.
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8
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Evans CR, Smiley MK, Thio SA, Wei M, Price-Whelan A, Min W, Dietrich LE. Spatial heterogeneity in biofilm metabolism elicited by local control of phenazine methylation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.15.528762. [PMID: 36824979 PMCID: PMC9949047 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.15.528762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Within biofilms, gradients of electron acceptors such as oxygen stimulate the formation of physiological subpopulations. This heterogeneity can enable cross-feeding and promote drug resilience, features of the multicellular lifestyle that make biofilm-based infections difficult to treat. The pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces pigments called phenazines that can support metabolic activity in hypoxic/anoxic biofilm subzones, but these compounds also include methylated derivatives that are toxic to their producer under some conditions. Here, we uncover roles for the global regulators RpoS and Hfq/Crc in controlling the beneficial and detrimental effects of methylated phenazines in biofilms. Our results indicate that RpoS controls phenazine methylation by modulating activity of the carbon catabolite repression pathway, in which the Hfq/Crc complex inhibits translation of the phenazine methyltransferase PhzM. We find that RpoS indirectly inhibits expression of CrcZ, a small RNA that binds to and sequesters Hfq/Crc, specifically in the oxic subzone of P. aeruginosa biofilms. Deletion of rpoS or crc therefore leads to overproduction of methylated phenazines, which we show leads to increased metabolic activity-an apparent beneficial effect-in hypoxic/anoxic subpopulations within biofilms. However, we also find that biofilms lacking Crc show increased sensitivity to an exogenously added methylated phenazine, indicating that the increased metabolic activity in this mutant comes at a cost. Together, these results suggest that complex regulation of PhzM allows P. aeruginosa to simultaneously exploit the benefits and limit the toxic effects of methylated phenazines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina K. Smiley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025
| | - Sean Asahara Thio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025
| | - Mian Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025
| | - Alexa Price-Whelan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025
| | - Wei Min
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025
| | - Lars E.P. Dietrich
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025
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9
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Zhang QX, Xiong ZW, Li SY, Yin Y, Xing CL, Wen DY, Xu J, Liu Q. Regulatory roles of RpoS in the biosynthesis of antibiotics 2,4-diacetyphloroglucinol and pyoluteorin of Pseudomonas protegens FD6. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:993732. [PMID: 36583049 PMCID: PMC9793710 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.993732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhizosphere microbe Pseudomonas protegens FD6 possesses beneficial traits such as the production of antibiotics like pyoluteorin (Plt) and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG). The alternative RpoS (σ38 factor), as a master regulator, activates or inhibits the transcription of stationary phase genes in several biocontrol organisms. Here, we investigated the complicated function and regulatory mechanism of RpoS in the biosynthesis of 2,4-DAPG and Plt in strain FD6. Phenotypic assays suggested that ΔrpoS was impaired in biofilm formation, swimming motility, swarming motility, and resistance to stress, such as heat, H2O2 and 12% ethanol. The RpoS mutation significantly increased both 2,4-DAPG and Plt production and altered the transcription and translation of the biosynthetic genes phlA and pltL, indicating that RpoS inhibited antibiotic production by FD6 at both the transcriptional and translational levels. RpoS negatively controlled 2,4-DAPG biosynthesis and transcription of the 2,4-DAPG operon phlACBD by directly interacting with the promoter sequences of phlG and phlA. In addition, RpoS significantly inhibited Plt production and the expression of its operon pltLABCDEFG by directly binding to the promoter regions of pltR, pltL and pltF. Further analyzes demonstrated that a putative R147 mutation in the RpoS binding domain abolished its inhibitory activity on the expression of pltL and phlA. Overall, our results reveal the pleiotropic regulatory function of RpoS in P. protegens FD6 and provide the basis for improving antibiotic biosynthesis by genetic engineering in biocontrol organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Qing Xia Zhang,
| | - Zheng Wen Xiong
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shen Yu Li
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yue Yin
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Lin Xing
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - De Yu Wen
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Jiangsu Lixiahe District Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Jiangsu Lixiahe District Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China,Qin Liu,
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10
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Dai Z, Wu T, Xu S, Zhou L, Tang W, Hu E, Zhan L, Chen M, Yu G. Characterization of toxin-antitoxin systems from public sequencing data: A case study in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:951774. [PMID: 36051757 PMCID: PMC9424990 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.951774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxin-antitoxin (TA) system is a widely distributed group of genetic modules that play important roles in the life of prokaryotes, with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) contributing to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance gene (ARG). The diversity and richness of TA systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as one of the bacterial species with ARGs, have not yet been completely demonstrated. In this study, we explored the TA systems from the public genomic sequencing data and genome sequences. A small scale of genomic sequencing data in 281 isolates was selected from the NCBI SRA database, reassembling the genomes of these isolates led to the findings of abundant TA homologs. Furthermore, remapping these identified TA modules on 5,437 genome/draft genomes uncovers a great diversity of TA modules in P. aeruginosa. Moreover, manual inspection revealed several TA systems that were not yet reported in P. aeruginosa including the hok-sok, cptA-cptB, cbeA-cbtA, tomB-hha, and ryeA-sdsR. Additional annotation revealed that a large number of MGEs were closely distributed with TA. Also, 16% of ARGs are located relatively close to TA. Our work confirmed a wealth of TA genes in the unexplored P. aeruginosa pan-genomes, expanded the knowledge on P. aeruginosa, and provided methodological tips on large-scale data mining for future studies. The co-occurrence of MGE, ARG, and TA may indicate a potential interaction in their dissemination.
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11
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Dawan J, Ahn J. Bacterial Stress Responses as Potential Targets in Overcoming Antibiotic Resistance. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071385. [PMID: 35889104 PMCID: PMC9322497 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can be adapted to adverse and detrimental conditions that induce general and specific responses to DNA damage as well as acid, heat, cold, starvation, oxidative, envelope, and osmotic stresses. The stress-triggered regulatory systems are involved in bacterial survival processes, such as adaptation, physiological changes, virulence potential, and antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic susceptibility to several antibiotics is reduced due to the activation of stress responses in cellular physiology by the stimulation of resistance mechanisms, the promotion of a resistant lifestyle (biofilm or persistence), and/or the induction of resistance mutations. Hence, the activation of bacterial stress responses poses a serious threat to the efficacy and clinical success of antibiotic therapy. Bacterial stress responses can be potential targets for therapeutic alternatives to antibiotics. An understanding of the regulation of stress response in association with antibiotic resistance provides useful information for the discovery of novel antimicrobial adjuvants and the development of effective therapeutic strategies to control antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Therefore, this review discusses bacterial stress responses linked to antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria and also provides information on novel therapies targeting bacterial stress responses that have been identified as potential candidates for the effective control of Gram-negative antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirapat Dawan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Korea;
| | - Juhee Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Korea;
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-250-6564
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12
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Targeting the Holy Triangle of Quorum Sensing, Biofilm Formation, and Antibiotic Resistance in Pathogenic Bacteria. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061239. [PMID: 35744757 PMCID: PMC9228545 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic and recurrent bacterial infections are frequently associated with the formation of biofilms on biotic or abiotic materials that are composed of mono- or multi-species cultures of bacteria/fungi embedded in an extracellular matrix produced by the microorganisms. Biofilm formation is, among others, regulated by quorum sensing (QS) which is an interbacterial communication system usually composed of two-component systems (TCSs) of secreted autoinducer compounds that activate signal transduction pathways through interaction with their respective receptors. Embedded in the biofilms, the bacteria are protected from environmental stress stimuli, and they often show reduced responses to antibiotics, making it difficult to eradicate the bacterial infection. Besides reduced penetration of antibiotics through the intricate structure of the biofilms, the sessile biofilm-embedded bacteria show reduced metabolic activity making them intrinsically less sensitive to antibiotics. Moreover, they frequently express elevated levels of efflux pumps that extrude antibiotics, thereby reducing their intracellular levels. Some efflux pumps are involved in the secretion of QS compounds and biofilm-related materials, besides being important for removing toxic substances from the bacteria. Some efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) have been shown to both prevent biofilm formation and sensitize the bacteria to antibiotics, suggesting a relationship between these processes. Additionally, QS inhibitors or quenchers may affect antibiotic susceptibility. Thus, targeting elements that regulate QS and biofilm formation might be a promising approach to combat antibiotic-resistant biofilm-related bacterial infections.
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Does Chlorination Promote Antimicrobial Resistance in Waterborne Pathogens? Mechanistic Insight into Co-Resistance and Its Implication for Public Health. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050564. [PMID: 35625208 PMCID: PMC9137585 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical agents including chlorine and antibiotics are used extensively to control infectious microorganisms. While antibiotics are mainly used to treat bacterial infections, chlorine is widely used for microbial inactivation in the post-secondary disinfection steps of water treatment. The extensive use of these agents has been acknowledged as a driving force for the expansion of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and has prompted discourse on their roles in the evolution and proliferation of resistant pathogens in the aquatic milieus. We live in a possible “post-antibiotic” era when resistant microbes spread at startling levels with dire predictions relating to a potential lack of effective therapeutic antibacterial drugs. There have been reports of enhancement of resistance among some waterborne pathogens due to chlorination. In this context, it is pertinent to investigate the various factors and mechanisms underlying the emergence and spread of resistance and the possible association between chlorination and AMR. We, therefore, reflect on the specifics of bacterial resistance development, the mechanisms of intrinsic and acquired resistance with emphasis on their environmental and public health implications, the co-selection for antibiotic resistance due to chlorination, biofilm microbiology, and multidrug efflux activity. In-depth knowledge of the molecular basis of resistance development in bacteria will significantly contribute to the more rational utilization of these biocidal agents and aid in filling identified knowledge gap toward curbing resistance expansion.
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14
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Mahmoudi M, Sadeghifard N, Maleki A, Yeo CC, Ghafourian S. relBE Toxin-antitoxin System as a Reliable Anti-biofilm Target in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:683-695. [PMID: 35445489 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The ability of the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa to produce biofilms has made it more difficult to treat its infections with current antibiotics. Several genes are involved in biofilm production, and toxin-antitoxin (TA) loci have been reported to be responsible for the regulation of biofilm-associated genes. This study was aimed at evaluating various TA loci in P. aeruginosa to find a reliable target in order to disrupt biofilm formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were assessed for biofilm production as well as the presence of various TA loci in their genomes. The relBETA locus was present in all 30 P. aeruginosa isolates but its expression was not detectable in isolates that did not show biofilm production. Quantitative real-time -PCR (q-PCR) also demonstrated that the expression of relBE was higher in isolates with stronger biofilm-producing capability. Knocking out the relBE locus in one biofilm-producing P. aeruginosa isolate led to the cessation of biofilm-producing capacity in that isolate and eliminated the expression of ndvB, which is among the genes involved in biofilm production. CONCLUSIONS These results inferred the involvement of relBE TA locus in the regulation of biofilm production in P. aeruginosa and indicated the possibility of relBE as an anti-biofilm target for this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Mahmoudi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Abbas Maleki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Chew Chieng Yeo
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Research Centre, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Sobhan Ghafourian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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15
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pangenome: Core and Accessory Genes of a Highly Resourceful Opportunistic Pathogen. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1386:3-28. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08491-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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16
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Ma J, Hou S, Chan-Park MB, Duan H. Antibiofilm Activity of Gallium(III) Complexed Anionic Polymers in Combination with Antibiotics. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100255. [PMID: 34418208 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a life-threatening pathogen associated with multiantibiotic resistance, which is largely caused by its strong ability to form biofilms. Recent research has revealed that gallium (III) shows an activity against the biofilm of P. aeruginosa by interfering with Fe metabolism. The antibacterial activity of the combination of Ga3+ ion and antibiotic rifampicin (RMP) against P. aeruginosa PAO1 is investigated. An anionic polymer poly{{2-[(2-methylprop-2-enoyl)oxy]ethyl}phosphonic acid} (PDMPOH) is exploited to form complexes (GaPD) with Ga3+ . The GaPD complexes act as a carrier of Ga3+ and release Ga3+ via enzymatic degradation by bacterial lipases. GaPD is found to damage the outer membrane, leading to enhanced cellular uptake of RMP and Ga3+ due to increased outer membrane permeability, which inhibits the RNA polymerase and interferes with Fe metabolism. The antibiofilm activity and biocompatibility of the GaPD system offer a promising treatment option for P. aeruginosa biofilm-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielin Ma
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Shuai Hou
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Mary B Chan-Park
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Hongwei Duan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
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17
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Buetti-Dinh A, Ruinelli M, Czerski D, Scapozza C, Martignier A, Roman S, Caminada A, Tonolla M. Geochemical and metagenomics study of a metal-rich, green-turquoise-coloured stream in the southern Swiss Alps. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248877. [PMID: 33784327 PMCID: PMC8009434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Swiss Alpine environments are poorly described from a microbiological perspective. Near the Greina plateau in the Camadra valley in Ticino (southern Swiss Alps), a green-turquoise-coloured water spring streams off the mountain cliffs. Geochemical profiling revealed naturally elevated concentrations of heavy metals such as copper, lithium, zinc and cadmium, which are highly unusual for the geomorphology of the region. Of particular interest, was the presence of a thick biofilm, that was revealed by microscopic analysis to be mainly composed of Cyanobacteria. A metagenome was further assembled to detail the genes found in this environment. A multitude of genes for resistance/tolerance to high heavy metal concentrations were indeed found, such as, various transport systems, and genes involved in the synthesis of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). EPS have been evoked as a central component in photosynthetic environments rich in heavy metals, for their ability to drive the sequestration of toxic, positively-charged metal ions under high regimes of cyanobacteria-driven photosynthesis. The results of this study provide a geochemical and microbiological description of this unusual environment in the southern Swiss Alps, the role of cyanobacterial photosynthesis in metal resistance, and the potential role of such microbial community in bioremediation of metal-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Buetti-Dinh
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (LMA), Department of Environment, Constructions and Design (DACD), University of Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (ABD); (MT)
| | - Michela Ruinelli
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (LMA), Department of Environment, Constructions and Design (DACD), University of Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Dorota Czerski
- Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Trevano, Canobbio, Switzerland
| | - Cristian Scapozza
- Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Trevano, Canobbio, Switzerland
| | - Agathe Martignier
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Samuele Roman
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (LMA), Department of Environment, Constructions and Design (DACD), University of Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Alpine Biology Center Foundation, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Annapaola Caminada
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (LMA), Department of Environment, Constructions and Design (DACD), University of Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Tonolla
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (LMA), Department of Environment, Constructions and Design (DACD), University of Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Alpine Biology Center Foundation, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (ABD); (MT)
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18
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Condren AR, Kahl LJ, Boelter G, Kritikos G, Banzhaf M, Dietrich LEP, Sanchez LM. Biofilm Inhibitor Taurolithocholic Acid Alters Colony Morphology, Specialized Metabolism, and Virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:603-612. [PMID: 31851822 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm inhibition by exogenous molecules has been an attractive strategy for the development of novel therapeutics. We investigated the biofilm inhibitor taurolithocholic acid (TLCA) and its effects on the specialized metabolism, virulence, and biofilm formation of the clinically relevant bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA14. Our study shows that TLCA alters the specialized metabolism, thereby affecting P. aeruginosa colony biofilm physiology. We observed an upregulation of metabolites correlated to virulence such as the siderophore pyochelin. A wax moth virulence assay confirmed that treatment with TLCA increases the virulence of P. aeruginosa. On the basis of our results, we believe that future endeavors to identify biofilm inhibitors must consider how a putative lead alters the specialized metabolism of a bacterial community to prevent pathogens from entering a highly virulent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna R. Condren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Lisa Juliane Kahl
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 617 Fairchild Center, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Gabriela Boelter
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - George Kritikos
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Manuel Banzhaf
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Lars E. P. Dietrich
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 617 Fairchild Center, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Laura M. Sanchez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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19
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Mangiaterra G, Cedraro N, Citterio B, Simoni S, Vignaroli C, Biavasco F. Diffusion and Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Aminoglycoside Resistance in an Italian Regional Cystic Fibrosis Centre. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1323:71-80. [PMID: 32654097 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Extensively-drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa constitutes a serious threat to patients suffering from Cystic Fibrosis (CF). In these patients, P. aeruginosa lung infection is commonly treated with aminoglycosides, but treatments are largely unsuccessful due a variety of resistance mechanisms. Here we investigate the prevalence of resistance to gentamicin, amikacin and tobramycin and the main aminoglycoside resistance genes found in P. aeruginosa strains isolated at a regional CF centre. RESULTS A total number of 147 randomly selected P. aeruginosa strains isolated from respiratory samples sent by the Marche regional Cystic Fibrosis Centre to the Microbiology lab, were included in this study. Of these, 78 (53%) were resistant to at least one of the three aminoglycosides tested and 27% were resistant to all three antibiotics, suggesting a major involvement of a chromosome-encoded mechanism, likely MexXY-OprM efflux pump overexpression. A specific pathogenic clone (found in 7/78 of the aminoglycoside resistant strains) carrying ant(2″)-Ia was isolated over time from the same patient, suggesting a role for this additional resistance gene in the antibiotic unresponsiveness of CF patients. CONCLUSIONS The MexXY-OprM efflux pump is confirmed as the resistance determinant involved most frequently in P. aeruginosa aminoglycoside resistance of CF lung infections, followed by the ant(2″)-Ia-encoded adenylyltransferase. The latter may prove to be a novel target for new antimicrobial combinations against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmarco Mangiaterra
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nicholas Cedraro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Barbara Citterio
- Department of Biomolecular Science sect. Biotechnology, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Serena Simoni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carla Vignaroli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Biavasco
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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20
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Campa MF, Wolfe AK, Techtmann SM, Harik AM, Hazen TC. Unconventional Oil and Gas Energy Systems: An Unidentified Hotspot of Antimicrobial Resistance? Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2392. [PMID: 31681244 PMCID: PMC6813720 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocides used in unconventional oil and gas (UOG) practices, such as hydraulic fracturing, control microbial growth. Unwanted microbial growth can cause gas souring, pipeline clogging, and microbial-induced corrosion of equipment and transportation pipes. However, optimizing biocide use has not been a priority. Moreover, biocide efficacy has been questioned because microbial surveys show an active microbial community in hydraulic fracturing produced and flowback water. Hydraulic fracturing produced and flowback water increases risks to surface aquifers and rivers/lakes near the UOG operations compared with conventional oil and gas operations. While some biocides and biocide degradation products have been highlighted as chemicals of concern because of their toxicity to humans and the environment, the selective antimicrobial pressure they cause has not been considered seriously. This perspective article aims to promote research to determine if antimicrobial pressure in these systems is cause for concern. UOG practices could potentially create antimicrobial resistance hotspots under-appreciated in the literature, practice, and regulation arena, hotspots that should not be ignored. The article is distinctive in discussing antimicrobial resistance risks associated with UOG biocides from a biological risk, not a chemical toxicology, perspective. We outline potential risks and highlight important knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to properly incorporate antimicrobial resistance emergence and selection into UOG environmental and health risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Campa
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States.,Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States.,Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Amy K Wolfe
- Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Stephen M Techtmann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Ann-Marie Harik
- Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Terry C Hazen
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States.,Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States.,Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States.,Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
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21
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Leja K, Szudera-Kończal K, Świtała E, Juzwa W, Kowalczewski PŁ, Czaczyk K. The Influence of Selected Plant Essential Oils on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics in Pseudomonas Orientalis. Foods 2019; 8:E277. [PMID: 31340497 PMCID: PMC6678472 DOI: 10.3390/foods8070277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to estimate the antibacterial activity of selected essential oils on Pseudomonas orientalis strains isolated from foods. An attempt was also made to identify the mechanisms of the action of the plant oils. Classical methods of assessment of the effectiveness of antimicrobial activity of oils were linked with flow cytometry. It was observed that bergamot, lemongrass, bitter orange, juniper, and black pepper oils have bacteriostatic effect against P. orientalis P49. P. orientalis P110 is sensitive to lime, lemongrass, juniper, rosemary, and black pepper oils. Additionally, plant oils with biostatic effect on P. orientalis limited the intracellular metabolic activity of cells; this was closely linked with the ability of plant oils' bioactive components to interact with bacteria cell membrane, causing the release of membrane proteins. As a result, the selective permeability of the cell membranes were damaged and the bacterial shape was transformed to coccoid in form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Leja
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St, 60-627 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Kamila Szudera-Kończal
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Świtała
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Juzwa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Czaczyk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
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22
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Marine Bacteria, A Source for Alginolytic Enzyme to Disrupt Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17050307. [PMID: 31137680 PMCID: PMC6562671 DOI: 10.3390/md17050307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms are typically associated with the chronic lung infection of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and represent a major challenge for treatment. This opportunistic bacterial pathogen secretes alginate, a polysaccharide that is one of the main components of its biofilm. Targeting this major biofilm component has emerged as a tempting therapeutic strategy for tackling biofilm-associated bacterial infections. The enormous potential in genetic diversity of the marine microbial community make it a valuable resource for mining activities responsible for a broad range of metabolic processes, including the alginolytic activity responsible for degrading alginate. A collection of 36 bacterial isolates were purified from marine water based on their alginolytic activity. These isolates were identified based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences. Pseudoalteromonas sp. 1400 showed the highest alginolytic activity and was further confirmed to produce the enzyme alginate lyase. The purified alginate lyase (AlyP1400) produced by Pseudoalteromonas sp. 1400 showed a band of 23 KDa on a protein electrophoresis gel and exhibited a bifunctional lyase activity for both poly-mannuronic acid and poly-glucuronic acid degradation. A tryptic digestion of this gel band analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry confirmed high similarity to the alginate lyases in polysaccharide lyase family 18. The purified alginate lyase showed a maximum relative activity at 30 °C at a slightly acidic condition. It decreased the sodium alginate viscosity by over 90% and reduced the P. aeruginosa (strain PA14) biofilms by 69% after 24 h of incubation. The combined activity of AlyP1400 with carbenicillin or ciprofloxacin reduced the P. aeruginosa biofilm thickness, biovolume and surface area in a flow cell system. The present data revealed that AlyP1400 combined with conventional antibiotics helped to disrupt the biofilms produced by P. aeruginosa and can be used as a promising combinational therapeutic strategy.
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23
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Updates on the pathogenicity status of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:350-359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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24
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Evaluation of two novel biofilm-specific antibiotic resistance genes in clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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25
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Vipin C, Mujeeburahiman M, Arun AB, Ashwini P, Mangesh SV, Rekha PD. Adaptation and diversification in virulence factors among urinary catheter-associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:641-650. [PMID: 30372578 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the natural variation in the antibiotic sensitivity, biofilm formation and virulence among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) from a single centre. METHODS AND RESULTS Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were isolated from the patients with CAUTI after obtaining informed consent. These isolates were identified by routine biochemical methods and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Antibiotic sensitivity and virulence factors were measured using standard protocols. Crystal violet staining, scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used for the biofilm studies. The extent of infectivity of the strains to induce cell lysis was studied in vitro using the Human Embryonic Kidney cells (HEK 293T). Association between virulence factors, biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance among the strains was analysed statistically. Among the 1266 patients admitted during the 2016-2017 period, 98 cases of CAUTI were reported and 18·36% (n = 18) was due to P. aeruginosa infection. Antibiogram showed that 94·4% of isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics and 73·7% were carbapenem-resistant. All the isolates formed biofilm on different material surfaces with varying intensity (OD580 ≥0·20-1·11). The biofilm intensity on silicone-latex material was significantly higher compared to the polystyrene surface (P > 0·05). All the strains were highly virulent and able to cause cell killing of HEK 293T cells with a rate ranging from 69·35 to 100% and showed very low sensitivity to healthy human serum. CONCLUSIONS Antibiotic sensitivity and association between the virulence factors and biofilm formation in the P. aeruginosa clinical strains showed complex natural diversity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study demonstrates the natural diversity and adaptation in virulence factors, biofilm formation and host-pathogen interaction among catheter-associated P. aeruginosa strains. The findings from the study urge for developing individualized drug strategy for targeting these multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vipin
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.,Department of Urology, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M Mujeeburahiman
- Department of Urology, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - A B Arun
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - P Ashwini
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - S V Mangesh
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - P D Rekha
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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