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Jian X, Hou G, Li L, Diao Z, Wu Y, Wang J, Xie L, Peng C, Lin L, Li J. Identification of pyruvic and maleic acid as potential markers for disease activity and prognosis in chronic urticaria. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 154:412-423. [PMID: 38599289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-based studies have highlighted the link between chronic urticaria (CU) and metabolic syndrome, and metabolic alterations have been revealed in CU. However, to our knowledge, a comprehensive metabolomics study on a large cohort of patients with CU has not been reported. OBJECTIVE We sought to explore the underlying metabolic subtypes and novel metabolite biomarkers for CU diagnosis and therapy. METHODS Plasma samples from 80 patients with CU and 82 healthy controls were collected for metabolomics quantification and bioinformatics analysis. Another independent cohort consisting of 144 patients with CU was studied to validate the findings. Bone marrow-derived mast cells and mice with IgE-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis were used for in vitro and in vivo experiments, respectively. RESULTS We observed clear metabolome differences between CU patients and healthy controls. Meanwhile, differential metabolites N6-acetyl-l-lysine, l-aspartate, maleic acid, and pyruvic acid were used to construct random forest classifiers and achieved area under receiver operating characteristic curve values greater than 0.85, suggesting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers of CU. More importantly, by exploring the underlying metabolic subtypes of CU, we found that the low abundance of pyruvic acid and maleic acid was significantly related to the activity of CU, poor efficacy of second-generation H1 antihistamines, and short relapse-free time. The results were validated in the independent cohort. Moreover, supplementation with pyruvate or maleate could significantly attenuate IgE-mediated mast cell activation in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Plasma pyruvic acid and maleic acid may be effective biomarkers for predicting disease activity, therapeutic efficacy, and prognosis for patients with CU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Jian
- Department of Dermatology (Dermatology Hospital), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Bioinformatics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Liqiao Li
- Department of Dermatology (Dermatology Hospital), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Dermatology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | | | - Yingfang Wu
- Department of Dermatology (Dermatology Hospital), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Dermatology (Dermatology Hospital), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Xie
- Bioinformatics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology (Dermatology Hospital), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Jie Li
- Department of Dermatology (Dermatology Hospital), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Li P, Feng J, Jiang H, Feng X, Yang J, Yuan Y, Ma Z, Xu G, Xu C, Zhu C, Wang S, Gao P, Shu G, Jiang Q. Microbiota derived D-malate inhibits skeletal muscle growth and angiogenesis during aging via acetylation of Cyclin A. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:524-543. [PMID: 38253688 PMCID: PMC10897302 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00028-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota play an important role in maintaining skeletal muscle growth, function, and metabolism. Here, we found that D-malate (DMA) is produced by mouse intestinal microorganisms and its levels increase during aging. Moreover, we observed that dietary supplementation of 2% DMA inhibits metabolism in mice, resulting in reduced muscle mass, strength, and the number of blood vessels, as well as the skeletal muscle fiber type I/IIb ratio. In vitro assays demonstrate that DMA decreases the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and suppresses the formation of blood vessels. In vivo, we further demonstrated that boosting angiogenesis by muscular VEGFB injection rescues the inhibitory effects of D-malate on muscle mass and fiber area. By transcriptomics analysis, we identified that the mechanism underlying the effects of DMA depends on the elevated intracellular acetyl-CoA content and increased Cyclin A acetylation rather than redox balance. This study reveals a novel mechanism by which gut microbes impair muscle angiogenesis and may provide a therapeutic target for skeletal muscle dysfunction in cancer or aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinlong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongfeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yexian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zewei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Canjun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Songbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural and Guangdong Province, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Fernandes Silva L, Hokkanen J, Vangipurapu J, Oravilahti A, Laakso M. Metabolites as Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A 12-Year Follow-up Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 109:100-106. [PMID: 37560996 PMCID: PMC10735554 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a specific microvascular complication in patients with diabetes and the leading cause of blindness. Recent advances in omics, especially metabolomics, offer the possibility identifying novel potential biomarkers for DR. OBJECTIVE The aim was to identify metabolites associated with DR. METHODS We performed a 12-year follow-up study including 1349 participants with type 2 diabetes (1021 without DR, 328 with DR) selected from the METSIM cohort. Individuals who had retinopathy before the baseline study were excluded (n = 63). The diagnosis of retinopathy was based on fundus photography examination. We performed nontargeted metabolomics profiling to identify metabolites. RESULTS We found 17 metabolites significantly associated with incident DR after adjustment for confounding factors. Among amino acids, N-lactoyl isoleucine, N-lactoyl valine, N-lactoyl tyrosine, N-lactoyl phenylalanine, N-(2-furoyl) glycine, and 5-hydroxylysine were associated with an increased risk of DR, and citrulline with a decreased risk of DR. Among the fatty acids N,N,N-trimethyl-5-aminovalerate was associated with an increased risk of DR, and myristoleate (14:1n5), palmitoleate (16:1n7), and 5-dodecenoate (12:1n7) with a decreased risk of DR. Sphingomyelin (d18:2/24:2), a sphingolipid, was significantly associated with a decreased risk of DR. Carboxylic acid maleate and organic compounds 3-hydroxypyridine sulfate, 4-vinylphenol sulfate, 4-ethylcatechol sulfate, and dimethyl sulfone were significantly associated with an increased risk of DR. CONCLUSION Our study is the first large population-based longitudinal study to identify metabolites for DR. We found multiple metabolites associated with an increased and decreased risk for DR from several different metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Fernandes Silva
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jenna Hokkanen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jagadish Vangipurapu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anniina Oravilahti
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Thirumalai A, Ganapathy Raman P, Jayavelu T, Subramanian R. Bridging the gap between maleate hydratase, citraconase and isopropylmalate isomerase: Insights into the single broad-specific enzyme. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 162:110140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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The activity of the C4-dicarboxylic acid chemoreceptor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is controlled by chemoattractants and antagonists. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2102. [PMID: 29391435 PMCID: PMC5795001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20283-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotaxis toward organic acids has been associated with colonization fitness and virulence and the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibits taxis toward several tricarboxylic acid intermediates. In this study, we used high-throughput ligand screening and isothermal titration calorimetry to demonstrate that the ligand binding domain (LBD) of the chemoreceptor PA2652 directly recognizes five C4-dicarboxylic acids with KD values ranging from 23 µM to 1.24 mM. In vivo experimentation showed that three of the identified ligands act as chemoattractants whereas two of them behave as antagonists by inhibiting the downstream chemotaxis signalling cascade. In vitro and in vivo competition assays showed that antagonists compete with chemoattractants for binding to PA2652-LBD, thereby decreasing the affinity for chemoattractants and the subsequent chemotactic response. Two chemosensory pathways encoded in the genome of P. aeruginosa, che and che2, have been associated to chemotaxis but we found that only the che pathway is involved in PA2652-mediated taxis. The receptor PA2652 is predicted to contain a sCACHE LBD and analytical ultracentrifugation analyses showed that PA2652-LBD is dimeric in the presence and the absence of ligands. Our results indicate the feasibility of using antagonists to interfere specifically with chemotaxis, which may be an alternative strategy to fight bacterial pathogens.
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Identification of a Specific Maleate Hydratase in the Direct Hydrolysis Route of the Gentisate Pathway. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:5753-60. [PMID: 26070679 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00975-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the well-characterized and more common maleylpyruvate isomerization route of the gentisate pathway, the direct hydrolysis route occurs rarely and remains unsolved. In Pseudomonas alcaligenes NCIMB 9867, two gene clusters, xln and hbz, were previously proposed to be involved in gentisate catabolism, and HbzF was characterized as a maleylpyruvate hydrolase converting maleylpyruvate to maleate and pyruvate. However, the complete degradation pathway of gentisate through direct hydrolysis has not been characterized. In this study, we obtained from the NCIMB culture collection a Pseudomonas alcaligenes spontaneous mutant strain that lacked the xln cluster and designated the mutant strain SponMu. The hbz cluster in strain SponMu was resequenced, revealing the correct location of the stop codon for hbzI and identifying a new gene, hbzG. HbzIJ was demonstrated to be a maleate hydratase consisting of large and small subunits, stoichiometrically converting maleate to enantiomerically pure d-malate. HbzG is a glutathione-dependent maleylpyruvate isomerase, indicating the possible presence of two alternative pathways of maleylpyruvate catabolism. However, the hbzF-disrupted mutant could still grow on gentisate, while disruption of hbzG prevented this ability, indicating that the direct hydrolysis route was not a complete pathway in strain SponMu. Subsequently, a d-malate dehydrogenase gene was introduced into the hbzG-disrupted mutant, and the engineered strain was able to grow on gentisate via the direct hydrolysis route. This fills a gap in our understanding of the direct hydrolysis route of the gentisate pathway and provides an explanation for the high yield of d-malate from maleate by this d-malate dehydrogenase-deficient natural mutant.
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Chen BS, Otten LG, Hanefeld U. Stereochemistry of enzymatic water addition to C=C bonds. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:526-46. [PMID: 25640045 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Water addition to carbon-carbon double bonds using hydratases is attracting great interest in biochemistry. Most of the known hydratases are involved in primary metabolism and to a lesser extent in secondary metabolism. New hydratases have recently been added to the toolbox, both from natural sources or artificial metalloenzymes. In order to comprehensively understand how the hydratases are able to catalyse the water addition to carbon-carbon double bonds, this review will highlight the mechanistic and stereochemical studies of the enzymatic water addition to carbon-carbon double bonds, focusing on the syn/anti-addition and stereochemistry of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Shuang Chen
- Biokatalyse, Gebouw voor Scheikunde, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Linda G Otten
- Biokatalyse, Gebouw voor Scheikunde, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ulf Hanefeld
- Biokatalyse, Gebouw voor Scheikunde, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
Water is omnipresent and unreactive. How to speed up water addition and even make it selective are highlighted in this perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Resch
- Gebouw voor Scheikunde
- Biokatalyse
- Afdeling Biotechnologie
- Technische Universiteit Delft
- 2628BL Delft
| | - Ulf Hanefeld
- Gebouw voor Scheikunde
- Biokatalyse
- Afdeling Biotechnologie
- Technische Universiteit Delft
- 2628BL Delft
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Synthetic and quantum chemical study on the regioselective addition of amines to methyl maleamate. J Mol Model 2013; 19:3683-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-013-1905-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Jin J, Hanefeld U. The selective addition of water to CC bonds; enzymes are the best chemists. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:2502-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc04153j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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van der Werf MJ, van den Tweel WJ, Hartmans S. Purification and Characterization of Maleate Hydratase from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 59:2823-9. [PMID: 16349034 PMCID: PMC182372 DOI: 10.1128/aem.59.9.2823-2829.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Maleate hydratase (malease) from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes has been purified. The purified enzyme (98% pure) catalyzes the stereospecific addition of water to maleate and citraconate (2-methylmaleate), forming d-(+)-malate and d-(+)-citramalate, respectively. 2,3-Dimethylmaleate was also a substrate for malease. The stability of the enzyme was dependent on the protein concentration and the addition of dicarboxylic acids. The purified enzyme (89 kDa) consisted of two subunits (57 and 24 kDa). No cofactor was required for full activity of this colorless enzyme. Maximum enzyme activity was measured at pH 8 and 45 degrees C. The K(m) for maleate was 0.35 mM, and that for citraconate was 0.20 mM. Thiol reagents, such as p-chloromercuribenzoate and iodoacetamide, and sodium dodecyl sulfate completely inhibited malease activity. Malease activity was competitively inhibited by d-malate (K(i) = 0.63 mM) and d-citramalate (K(i) = 0.083 mM) and by the substrate analog 2,2-dimethylsuccinate (K(i) = 0.025 mM). The apparent equilibrium constants for the maleate, citraconate, and 2,3-dimethylmaleate hydration reactions were 2,050, 104, and 11.2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J van der Werf
- Department of Food Science, Division of Industrial Microbiology, Wageningen Agricultural University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, and Bio-organic Chemistry Section, DSM Research, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands
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Lukas H, Reimann J, Kim OB, Grimpo J, Unden G. Regulation of aerobic and anaerobic D-malate metabolism of Escherichia coli by the LysR-type regulator DmlR (YeaT). J Bacteriol 2010; 192:2503-11. [PMID: 20233924 PMCID: PMC2863561 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01665-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli K-12 is able to grow under aerobic conditions on D-malate using DctA for D-malate uptake and the D-malate dehydrogenase DmlA (formerly YeaU) for converting D-malate to pyruvate. Induction of dmlA encoding DmlA required an intact dmlR (formerly yeaT) gene, which encodes DmlR, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator. Induction of dmlA by DmlR required the presence of D-malate or L- or meso-tartrate, but only D-malate supported aerobic growth. The regulator of general C(4)-dicarboxylate metabolism (DcuS-DcuR two-component system) had some effect on dmlA expression. The anaerobic L-tartrate regulator TtdR or the oxygen sensors ArcB-ArcA and FNR did not have a major effect on dmlA expression. DmlR has a high level of sequence identity (49%) with TtdR, the L- and meso-tartrate-specific regulator of L-tartrate fermentation in E. coli. dmlA was also expressed at high levels under anaerobic conditions, and the bacteria had D-malate dehydrogenase activity. These bacteria, however, were not able to grow on D-malate since the anaerobic pathway for D-malate degradation has a predicted yield of < or = 0 ATP/mol D-malate. Slow anaerobic growth on D-malate was observed when glycerol was also provided as an electron donor, and D-malate was used in fumarate respiration. The expression of dmlR is subject to negative autoregulation. The network for regulation and coordination of the central and peripheral pathways for C(4)-dicarboxylate metabolism by the regulators DcuS-DcuR, DmlR, and TtdR is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Lukas
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Weinforschung, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Becherweg 15, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Reimann
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Weinforschung, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Becherweg 15, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ok Bin Kim
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Weinforschung, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Becherweg 15, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Grimpo
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Weinforschung, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Becherweg 15, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Gottfried Unden
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Weinforschung, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Becherweg 15, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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Michielsen MJF, Frielink C, Meijer EA, van der Werf MJ, Wijffels RH, Tramper J, Beeftink HH. Stabilization of Maleate-Hydratase Activity of PermeabilizedPseudomonas Pseudoalcaligenes. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/10242429909015227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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14
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Chen L, Vitkup D. Distribution of orphan metabolic activities. Trends Biotechnol 2007; 25:343-8. [PMID: 17580095 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2007] [Revised: 04/17/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A significant fraction (30-40%) of known metabolic activities is currently orphan. Although orphan activities have been biochemically characterized, we do not know a single gene responsible for these reactions in any organism. The problem of orphan activities represents one of the major challenges of modern biochemistry. We analyze the distribution of orphans across biochemical space, through years of enzymatic characterization, and by biological organisms. We find that orphan metabolic activities have been accumulating for many decades. They are widely distributed across enzymatic functional space and metabolic network neighborhoods. Although orphans are relatively more abundant in less studied species, over half of orphan reactions have been experimentally characterized in more than one organism. Shrinking the space of orphan activities will likely require a close collaboration between computational and experimental laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Chen
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics and Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave., Irving Cancer Research Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Ichikawa S, Iino T, Sato S, Nakahara T, Mukataka S. Improvement of production rate and yield of fumaric acid from maleic acid by heat treatment of Pseudomonas alcaligenes strain XD-1. Biochem Eng J 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1369-703x(02)00080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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He BF, Nakajima-Kambe T, Ozawa T, Nakahara T. Production of d-malate and d-citramalate by Arthrobacter pascens DMDC12 having stable citraconase. Process Biochem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-9592(00)00219-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Michielsen MJ, Frielink C, Wijffels RH, Tramper J, Beeftink HH. D-malate production by permeabilized Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes; optimization of conversion and biocatalyst productivity. J Biotechnol 2000; 79:13-26. [PMID: 10817338 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(00)00220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
For the development of a continuous process for the production of solid D-malate from a Ca-maleate suspension by permeabilized Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, it is important to understand the effect of appropriate process parameters on the stability and activity of the biocatalyst. Previously, we quantified the effect of product (D-malate2 -) concentration on both the first-order biocatalyst inactivation rate and on the biocatalytic conversion rate. The effects of the remaining process parameters (ionic strength, and substrate and Ca2 + concentration) on biocatalyst activity are reported here. At (common) ionic strengths below 2 M, biocatalyst activity was unaffected. At high substrate concentrations, inhibition occurred. Ca2+ concentration did not affect biocatalyst activity. The kinetic parameters (both for conversion and inactivation) were determined as a function of temperature by fitting the complete kinetic model, featuring substrate inhibition, competitive product inhibition and first-order irreversible biocatalyst inactivation, at different temperatures simultaneously through three extended data sets of substrate concentration versus time. Temperature affected both the conversion and inactivation parameters. The final model was used to calculate the substrate and biocatalyst costs per mmol of product in a continuous system with biocatalyst replenishment and biocatalyst recycling. Despite the effect of temperature on each kinetic parameter separately, the overall effect of temperature on the costs was found to be negligible (between 293 and 308 K). Within pertinent ranges, the sum of the substrate and biocatalyst costs per mmol of product was calculated to decrease with the influent substrate concentration and the residence time. The sum of the costs showed a minimum as a function of the influent biocatalyst concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Michielsen
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands
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Michielsen M, Meijer E, Wijffels R, Tramper J, Beeftink H. Kinetics of d-Malate Production by Permeabilized Pseudomonas Pseudoalcaligenes. Enzyme Microb Technol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(97)00266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nakajima-Kambe T, Nozue T, Mukouyama M, Nakahara T. Bioconversion of maleic acid to fumaric acid by Pseudomonas alcaligenes strain XD-1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0922-338x(97)82549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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van der Werf MJ, Hartmans S, van den Tweel WJJ. Permeabilization and lysis of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes cells by Triton X-100 for efficient production of d-malate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00164759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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van der Werf MJ, Hartmans S, van den Tweel WJ. Effect of maleate counterion on malease activity: Production of d-malate in a crystal-liquid two-phase system. Enzyme Microb Technol 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(94)00070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kato Y, Yamagishi J, Asano Y. Maleate cis-trans isomerase from Arthrobacter sp. TPU 5446. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0922-338x(96)87741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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The substrate specificity of maleate hydratase from Arthrobacter sp. strain MCI2612. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00186962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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van der Werf MJ, van den Tweel WJ, Kamphuis J, Hartmans S, de Bont JA. The potential of lyases for the industrial production of optically active compounds. Trends Biotechnol 1994; 12:95-103. [PMID: 7764830 DOI: 10.1016/0167-7799(94)90112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Lyases catalyse the cleavage of C-C, C-N, C-O and other bonds by elimination to produce double bonds or, conversely, catalyse the addition of groups to double bonds. These enzymes do not require cofactor recycling, show an absolute stereospecificity and can give a theoretical yield of 100%, compared with only 50% for enantiomeric resolutions. Lyases are therefore attracting considerable interest as biocatalysts for the production of optically active compounds, and have already found application in several large commercial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J van der Werf
- Department of Food Science, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands
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van der Werf MJ, van den Tweel WJ, Hartmans S. Thermodynamics of the maleate and citraconate hydration reactions catalysed by malease from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1993; 217:1011-7. [PMID: 8223624 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18332.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Malease from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes catalyses the hydration of both maleate and citraconate to D-malate and D-citramalate, respectively. The Kapp for these hydration reactions were 2050 and 104, respectively, under standard biochemical conditions (25 degrees C, pH 7.0, I = 0.1). The influence of the pH (6.0-8.5) on Kapp was determined. The Gibbs-free-energy changes under standard biochemical conditions for the hydration of the dianionic acids were calculated to be -19.28 kJ.mol-1 and -11.65 kJ.mol-1, respectively. From the obtained data together with data from the literature, the Gibbs free energy of formation of maleate2- and citraconate2- were calculated to be -588.91 kJ.mol-1 and -600.56 kJ.mol-1, respectively. The influence of the temperature (10-40 degrees C) on Kapp was determined for both hydration reactions. The enthalpy change (delta H degrees') and entropy change (delta S degrees') under standard biochemical conditions for the maleate2- (delta H degrees' = 18.07 kJ.mol-1, delta S degrees' = 2.94 J.mol-1 x K-1) and citraconate2- (delta H degrees' = -22.55 kJ.mol-1, delta S degrees' = -35.92 kJ.mol-1 x K-1) hydration reactions were calculated. The reaction rate of malease from Ps. pseudoalcaligenes was studied for both hydration reactions as a function of temperature. From these studies, the Gibbs free energies of activation for the maleate and citraconate hydration reactions catalysed by malease from Ps. pseudoalcaligenes were calculated to be 62.21 kJ.mol-1 and 63.43 kJ.mol-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J van der Werf
- Department of Food Science, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands
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Nakayama K, Ushijima M. D-malic acid production from maleic acid using microorganism: Screening of microorganism. Biotechnol Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00128318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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