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Parida M, Jena T, Mohanty S, Nayak SK. Advancing sustainable agriculture: Evaluation of Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) based mulch films and identification of biodegrading microorganisms among soil microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132085. [PMID: 38723836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Non-biodegradable polyolefin based plastic mulch residues in agricultural fields after the end of a crop cycle have raised several concerns as an environmental pollutant in recent years. This study explores the potential of Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) based compostable films reactively blended with compatibilizers and chain extenders as a promising solution to environmental challenges associated with traditional plastic mulch films. Epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and Epoxy-functionalized styrene acrylic copolymer (ESA) have been used as reactive compatibilizers and chain extenders respectively. In-depth analysis of the mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of the developed films, revealed that the PLA/PBAT blend films at 75:25 weight ratio in the presence of 5 phr ESO and 0.5 phr ESA exhibit improved performance characteristics for application as mulch films. Furthermore, the films were subjected to 360-h UV exposure to gauge their stability under prolonged exposure, specifically investigating changes in the carbonyl index. Additionally, a rigorous real-time field trial of the mulch films spanning eight months with various crops was carried out to understand their performance in practical agricultural settings. The study also involved the identification of microorganisms responsible for the degradation of the developed mulch films employing 16S rRNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmath Parida
- Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET): SARP - LARPM, B-25, CNI Complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Tapaswini Jena
- Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET): SARP - LARPM, B-25, CNI Complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Smita Mohanty
- Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET): SARP - LARPM, B-25, CNI Complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India.
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2
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Agyeman-Duah E, Okonkwo CC, Ujor VC. Microbial removal of nutrients from anaerobic digestate: assessing product-coupled and non-product-coupled approaches. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1299402. [PMID: 38146449 PMCID: PMC10749329 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1299402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although anaerobic digestate contains >90% water, the high nutrient content of digestate makes it economically and technically intractable to treatment by existing wastewater treatment technologies. This study separately assessed the feasibility of nutrient removal from digestate by Rhizopus delemar DSM 905 and a culture of phosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs). With Rhizopus delemar DSM 905, we investigated concomitant nutrient removal from digestate-supplemented medium and fumaric acid production, as a potentially economical strategy for digestate treatment. Following the cultivation of R. delemar DSM 905 in a fermentation medium containing 25% (v/v) digestate, the concentrations of Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Zn reduced 40, 12, 74, 96, 12, 26, 23%, ~18, and 28%, respectively. Similarly, the concentrations of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, phosphate (PO4-P), ammonium (NH4-N), nitrate (NO3-N), and sulfur decreased 93, 88, 97, 98, 69, and 13%, respectively. Concomitantly, cultures supplemented with 25 and 15% (v/v) digestate produced comparable titers of fumarate (~11 and ~ 17 g/L, respectively) to the digestate un-supplemented control cultures. With PAOs, we assessed the removal of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, PO4-P, and NH4-N, of which the concentrations reduced 86, 90%, ~99, and 100%, respectively in 60% (v/v) digestate. This study provides additional bases for microbial removal of excess nutrients from anaerobic digestate, with the potential to engender future water recovery from this waste stream that is currently largely recalcitrant to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Agyeman-Duah
- Fermentation Science and Metabolic Engineering Group, Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Christopher C. Okonkwo
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The Roux Institute, Northeastern University, Portland, ME, United States
| | - Victor C. Ujor
- Fermentation Science and Metabolic Engineering Group, Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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3
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Brakstad OG, Sørensen L, Hakvåg S, Føre HM, Su B, Aas M, Ribicic D, Grimaldo E. The fate of conventional and potentially degradable gillnets in a seawater-sediment system. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 180:113759. [PMID: 35605376 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Abandoned gillnets in the marine environment represent a global environmental risk due to the ghost fishing caused by the nets. Degradation of conventional nylon gillnets was compared to that of nets made of polybutylene succinate co-adipate-co-terephthalate (PBSAT) that are designed to degrade more readily in the environment. Gillnet filaments were incubated in microcosms of natural seawater (SW) and marine sediments at 20 °C over a period of 36 months. Tensile strength tests and scanning electron microscopy analyses showed weakening and degradation of the PBSAT filaments over time, while nylon filaments remained unchanged. Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry revealed potential PBSAT degradation products associated with the filament surfaces, while nylon degradation products were not detected by these analyses. Microbial communities differed significantly between the biofilms on the nylon and PBSAT filaments. The slow deterioration of the PBSAT gillnet filaments shown here may be beneficial and reduce the ghost fishing periods of these gillnets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Heidi M Føre
- SINTEF Ocean, Dept. Energy and Transport, Norway
| | - Biao Su
- SINTEF Ocean, Dept. Aquaculture, Norway
| | - Marianne Aas
- SINTEF Ocean, Dept. Climate and Environment, Norway
| | | | - Eduardo Grimaldo
- SINTEF Ocean, Dept. Fisheries and New Biomarine Industry, Norway
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Lim BKH, Thian ES. Biodegradation of polymers in managing plastic waste - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 813:151880. [PMID: 34826495 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The modern economy that is fast-moving and convenience centric has led to excessive consumption of plastic. This has unwittingly led to egregious accumulation of plastic waste polluting the environment. Unfortunately, present means of plastic waste management have all been proven as less than adequate; namely recycling, landfill and incineration. Recent focus on plastic waste management has seen the confluence of the developments in biodegradable polymers and microbial engineering strategy for more expedient decomposition of plastic waste at composting facilities. This review paper is an assimilation of current developments in the areas of biodegradable polymer as well as microbial strategy towards management of polymer waste. Advents in biodegradable polymers have been promising, especially with aliphatic polyesters and starch in blends or co-polymers of these. Microbial strategies have been pursued for the identification of microbial strains and understanding of their enzymatic degradation process on polymers. New insights in these two areas have been focused in improving the rate of degradation of plastic waste at composting facilities. Recent alignment of testing and certification standards is outlined to give intimate insights into the mechanisms and factors influencing biodegradation. Despite recent milestones, economic viability of composting plastic waste in mainstream waste facilities is still a distance away. As it remains that a polymer that is biodegradable is functionally inferior to conventional polymers. Rather, it requires a shift in consumer behaviour to accept less durable biodegradable plastic products, this will then lower the threshold for biodegradable polymers to become a commercial reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berlinda Kwee Hong Lim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Eng San Thian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
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5
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Goel S, Dubey S, Sharma S, Jacob J. Biodegradable and pH-responsive piperazine-based aliphatic polyesters with tunable hydrophilicity. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Biodegradability of poly(butylene n-alkylenedionate)s composed of long-methylene chains as alternative polymers to polyethylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Urbanek AK, Strzelecki MC, Mirończuk AM. The potential of cold-adapted microorganisms for biodegradation of bioplastics. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 119:72-81. [PMID: 33045489 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to the extensive use of plastics, their quantity in the environment is constantly increasing, which creates a global problem. In the present study, we sought to isolate, test and identify Antarctic microorganisms which possess the ability to biodegrade bioplastics such as poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) (PBSA) at low temperatures. 161 bacterial and 38 fungal isolates were isolated from 22 Antarctic soil samples. Among them, 92.16% of bacterial and 77.27% of fungal isolates formed a clear zone on emulsified PBSA, 98.04% and 81.82% on PBS and 100% and 77.27% on PCL as an additive to minimal medium at 20 °C. Based on the 16S and 18S rRNA sequences, bacterial strains were identified as species belonging to Pseudomonas and Bacillus and fungal strains as species belonging to Geomyces, Sclerotinia, Fusarium and Mortierella, while the yeast strain was identified as Hansenula anomala. In the biodegradation process conducted under laboratory conditions at 14, 20 and 28 °C, Sclerotinia sp. B11IV and Fusarium sp. B3'M strains showed the highest biodegradation activity at 20 °C (49.68% for PBSA and 33.7% for PCL, 45.99% for PBSA and 49.65% for PCL, respectively). The highest biodegradation rate for Geomyces sp. B10I was noted at 14 °C (25.67% for PBSA and 5.71% for PCL), which suggested a preference for lower temperatures (at 20 °C the biodegradation rate was only 11.34% for PBSA, and 4.46% for PCL). These data showed that microorganisms isolated from Antarctic regions are good candidates for effective plastic degradation at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta K Urbanek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz C Strzelecki
- Institute of Geography and Regional Development, University of Wroclaw, pl. Uniwersytecki 1, 50-137 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M Mirończuk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
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8
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Biochemical properties and biotechnological applications of microbial enzymes involved in the degradation of polyester-type plastics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140315. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.140315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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9
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Wang G, Huang D, Ji J, Völker C, Wurm FR. Seawater-Degradable Polymers-Fighting the Marine Plastic Pollution. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 8:2001121. [PMID: 33437568 PMCID: PMC7788598 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymers shape human life but they also have been identified as pollutants in the oceans due to their long lifetime and low degradability. Recently, various researchers have studied the impact of (micro)plastics on marine life, biodiversity, and potential toxicity. Even if the consequences are still heavily discussed, prevention of unnecessary waste is desired. Especially, newly designed polymers that degrade in seawater are discussed as potential alternatives to commodity polymers in certain applications. Biodegradable polymers that degrade in vivo (used for biomedical applications) or during composting often exhibit too slow degradation rates in seawater. To date, no comprehensive summary for the degradation performance of polymers in seawater has been reported, nor are the studies for seawater-degradation following uniform standards. This review summarizes concepts, mechanisms, and other factors affecting the degradation process in seawater of several biodegradable polymers or polymer blends. As most of such materials cannot degrade or degrade too slowly, strategies and innovative routes for the preparation of seawater-degradable polymers with rapid degradation in natural environments are reviewed. It is believed that this selection will help to further understand and drive the development of seawater-degradable polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge‐Xia Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Engineering PlasticsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Dan Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Engineering PlasticsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Jun‐Hui Ji
- National Engineering Research Center of Engineering PlasticsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Carolin Völker
- ISOE – Institute for Social‐Ecological ResearchHamburger Allee 45Frankfurt60486Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für PolymerforschungAckermannweg 10Mainz55128Germany
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry GroupMESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit TwentePO Box 217Enschede7500 AEThe Netherlands
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10
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Larrañaga A, Lizundia E. A review on the thermomechanical properties and biodegradation behaviour of polyesters. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Polyhydroxyalkanoates based copolymers. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:522-537. [PMID: 31437500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) belong to a family of natural polyesters and are produced under unbalanced growth conditions as intracellular carbon and energy reserves by a wide variety of microorganisms. Being biodegradable, biocompatible and environmental friendly thermoplastics, the PHAs are considered as future polymers to replace petrochemicals based plastics. In this review, the introduction section deals with the brief discussion on PHA nature, availability, raw materials for production, processing etc. This is followed by the discussions on modifications. The copolymer syntheses by bacterial and chemical methods have been discussed. Under chemical methods, unsaturated side chains and their derivatives, oligomer, coupling, macro-initiating, trans-esterification, radiation grafting, click chemistry, ring opening and several miscellaneous polymerization methods have been elaborated. A brief discussion on applications has been incorporated. The last section includes conclusion and future perspectives.
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12
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Lee MC, Liu EJ, Yang CH, Hsiao LJ, Wu TM, Li SY. Co-Expression of ORF Cma with PHB Depolymerase (PhaZ Cma ) in Escherichia coli Induces Efficient Whole-Cell Biodegradation of Polyesters. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:e1700560. [PMID: 29337429 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Whole-cell degradation of polyesters not only avoids the tedious process of enzyme separation, but also allows the degraded product to be reused as a carbon source. In this study, Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) harboring phaZCma , a gene encoding poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) depolymerase from Caldimonas manganoxidans, is constructed. The extra-cellular fraction of E. coli/pPHAZ exhibits a fast PHB degradation rate where it only took 35 h to completely degrade PHB films, while C. manganoxidans takes 81 h to do the same. The co-expression of ORFCma (a putative periplasmic substrate binding protein that is within the same operon of phaZCma ) further improves the PHB degradation. While 28 h is needed for E. coli/pPHAZ to cause an 80% weight loss in PHB films, E. coli/pORFPHAZ needs only 21 h. Furthermore, it is able to degrade at-least four different polyesters, PHB, poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA). Testing of the time course of 3-hydroxybutyrate concentration and the turbidity of the degradation solutions over time shows that PhaZCma has both exo- and endo-enzymatic activity. The whole-cell E. coli/pORFPHAZ can be used for recycling various polyesters while ORFCma can potentially be a universal element for enhancing the secretion of recombinant protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chieh Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - En-Jung Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jung Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Si-Yu Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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Baba T, Tachibana Y, Suda S, Kasuya KI. Evaluation of environmental degradability based on the number of methylene units in poly(butylene n-alkylenedionate). Polym Degrad Stab 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Brannigan RP, Dove AP. Synthesis, properties and biomedical applications of hydrolytically degradable materials based on aliphatic polyesters and polycarbonates. Biomater Sci 2016; 5:9-21. [PMID: 27840864 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00584e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polyester-based polymers represent excellent candidates in synthetic biodegradable and bioabsorbable materials for medical applications owing to their tailorable properties. The use of synthetic polyesters as biomaterials offers a unique control of morphology, mechanical properties and degradation profile through monomer selection, polymer composition (i.e. copolymer vs. homopolymer, stereocomplexation etc.) and molecular weight. Within this review, the synthetic routes, degradation modes and application of aliphatic polyester- and polycarbonate-based biomaterials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew P Dove
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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Liu Y, Ranucci E, Lindblad MS, Albertsson AC. New Biodegradable Polymers from Renewable Sources – Segmented Copolyesters of Poly(1,3-Propanediol Succinate) and Poly(Ethylene Glycol). J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1106/088391102026318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
New high-molecular-weight hydrophobic/hydrophilic segmented copolymers of poly(ester-ether-carbonate) structure, containing poly(1,3-propylene succinate) (SP) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) segments in the main chain, were synthesized and characterized. These copolymers were obtained by a two-step chain-extension reaction performed by the thermal polycondensation of αω-dihydroxy-oligo(1,3-propylene succinate) with PEG1000 and PEG2000, respectively. The molecular structure of all the synthesized materials was characterized by 1H-NMR, by SEC for molecular weights, and by DSC for thermal properties. The molecular characterizations were in agreement with the proposed structures. Solubility and swellability tests indicated that the introduction of hydrophilic PEG segments into the high molecular weight poly(1,3-propylene succinate)s imparted amphiphilic character to the new materials. This is expected to influence the biocompatibility and biodegradability of these materials. The new polymers, besides having a degradable backbone, were derived from the monomers, 1,3-propanediol and succinic acid, which are both obtainable from renewable sources. Therefore, they have a potential as environmental friendly materials.
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16
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Poly(butylene succinate) and poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) for food packaging applications: Gas barrier properties after stressed treatments. Polym Degrad Stab 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Hanphakphoom S, Maneewong N, Sukkhum S, Tokuyama S, Kitpreechavanich V. Characterization of poly(L-lactide)-degrading enzyme produced by thermophilic filamentous bacteria Laceyella sacchari LP175. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2014; 60:13-22. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.60.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Dhamaniya S, Jaggi HS, Nimiya M, Sharma S, Satapathy BK, Jacob J. Synthesis, characterization and biodegradation studies of chain-coupled polyesters based on tartaric acid. POLYM INT 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Dhamaniya
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Harjeet S. Jaggi
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Mohita Nimiya
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Shilpi Sharma
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Bhabani K. Satapathy
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Josemon Jacob
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
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Ghosh SK, Pal S, Ray S. Study of microbes having potentiality for biodegradation of plastics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:4339-55. [PMID: 23613206 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plastic is a broad name given to the different types of organic polymers having high molecular weight and is commonly derived from different petrochemicals. Plastics are generally not biodegradable or few are degradable but in a very slow rate. Day by day, the global demand of these polymers is sharply increasing; however, considering their abundance and potentiality in causing different environmental hazards, there is a great concern in the possible methods of degradation of plastics. Recently, there have been some debates at the world stage about the potential degradation procedures of these synthetic polymers and microbial degradation has emerged as one of the potential alternative ways of degradation of plastics. Alternatively, some scientists have also reported many adverse effects of these polymers in human health, and thus, there is an immediate need of a potential screening of some potential microbes to degrade these synthetic polymers. In this review, we have taken an attempt to accumulate all information regarding the chemical nature along with some potential microbes and their enzymatic nature of biodegradation of plastics along with some key factors that affect their biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapan Kumar Ghosh
- Mycopathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, P.O. Rahara, Kolkata 700118 West Bengal, India.
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20
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Coneski PN, Fulmer PA, Wynne JH. Thermal polycondensation of poly(diol citrate)s with tethered quaternary ammonium biocides. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21286b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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21
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Jacquel N, Freyermouth F, Fenouillot F, Rousseau A, Pascault JP, Fuertes P, Saint-Loup R. Synthesis and properties of poly(butylene succinate): Efficiency of different transesterification catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Sekiguchi T, Saika A, Nomura K, Watanabe T, Watanabe T, Fujimoto Y, Enoki M, Sato T, Kato C, Kanehiro H. Biodegradation of aliphatic polyesters soaked in deep seawaters and isolation of poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-degrading bacteria. Polym Degrad Stab 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Guo Z, Li F, Chen S. Purification and characterization of poly(L
-lactic acid) depolymerase from Pseudomonas
sp. strain DS04-T. POLYM ENG SCI 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Mumtaz T, Khan MR, Hassan MA. Study of environmental biodegradation of LDPE films in soil using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Micron 2010; 41:430-8. [PMID: 20207547 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2010.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An outdoor soil burial test was carried out to evaluate the degradation of commercially available LDPE carrier bags in natural soil for up to 2 years. Biodegradability of low density polyethylene films in soil was monitored using both optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After 7-9 months of soil exposure, microbial colonization was evident on the film surface. Exposed LDPE samples exhibit progressive changes towards degradation after 17-22 months. SEM images reveal signs of degradation such as exfoliation and formation of cracks on film leading to disintegration. The possible degradation mode and consequences on the use and disposal of LDPE films is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabassum Mumtaz
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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25
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Abe M, Kobayashi K, Honma N, Nakasaki K. Microbial degradation of poly(butylene succinate) by Fusarium solani in soil environments. Polym Degrad Stab 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Sekiguchi T, Sato T, Enoki M, Kanehiro H, Kato C. Procedure for isolation of the plastic degrading piezophilic bacteria from deep-sea environments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3118/jjse.9.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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27
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Xu J, Guo BH. Microbial Succinic Acid, Its Polymer Poly(butylene succinate), and Applications. MICROBIOLOGY MONOGRAPHS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-03287-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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28
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Biodegradability of plastics. Int J Mol Sci 2009; 10:3722-3742. [PMID: 19865515 PMCID: PMC2769161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms10093722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 621] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic is a broad name given to different polymers with high molecular weight, which can be degraded by various processes. However, considering their abundance in the environment and their specificity in attacking plastics, biodegradation of plastics by microorganisms and enzymes seems to be the most effective process. When plastics are used as substrates for microorganisms, evaluation of their biodegradability should not only be based on their chemical structure, but also on their physical properties (melting point, glass transition temperature, crystallinity, storage modulus etc.). In this review, microbial and enzymatic biodegradation of plastics and some factors that affect their biodegradability are discussed.
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29
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Kasuya KI, Ishii N, Inoue Y, Yazawa K, Tagaya T, Yotsumoto T, Kazahaya JI, Nagai D. Characterization of a mesophilic aliphatic–aromatic copolyester-degrading fungus. Polym Degrad Stab 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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30
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Identification and characterization of novel poly(dl-lactic acid) depolymerases from metagenome. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 79:743-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1477-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2007] [Revised: 03/27/2008] [Accepted: 03/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Enzymatic degradation kinetics of poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-008-9208-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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32
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Ishii N, Inoue Y, Tagaya T, Mitomo H, Nagai D, Kasuya KI. Isolation and characterization of poly(butylene succinate)-degrading fungi. Polym Degrad Stab 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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33
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Sangwan P, Wu DY. New Insights into Polylactide Biodegradation from Molecular Ecological Techniques. Macromol Biosci 2008; 8:304-15. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200700317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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34
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Li F, Wang S, Liu W, Chen G. Purification and characterization of poly(L-lactic acid)-degrading enzymes from Amycolatopsis orientalis ssp. orientalis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2008; 282:52-8. [PMID: 18355279 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01109.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polylactide or poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA) is a commercially promising material for use as a renewable and biodegradable plastic. Three novel PLA-degrading enzymes, named PLAase I, II and III, were purified to homogeneity from the culture supernatant of an effective PLA-degrading bacterium, Amycolatopsis orientalis ssp. orientalis. The molecular masses of these three PLAases as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were 24.0, 19.5 and 18.0 kDa, with the pH optima being 9.5, 10.5 and 9.5, respectively. The optimal temperature for the enzyme activities was 50-60 degrees C. All the purified enzymes could degrade high-molecular-weight PLA film as well as casein, and the PLA-degrading activities were strongly inhibited by serine protease inhibitors such as phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and aprotinin, but were not susceptive to chymostatin and pepstatin. Taken together, these data demonstrated that A. orientalis ssp. orientalis produces multiple serine-like proteases to utilize extracellular polylactide as a sole carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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35
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Zhang X, Hua H, Shen X, Yang Q. In vitro degradation and biocompatibility of poly(l-lactic acid)/chitosan fiber composites. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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Shih YF, Chieh YC. Thermal Degradation Behavior and Kinetic Analysis of Biodegradable Polymers Using Various Comparative Models, 1. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.200600059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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37
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Hoang KC, Tseng M, Shu WJ. Degradation of polyethylene succinate (PES) by a new thermophilic Microbispora strain. Biodegradation 2006; 18:333-42. [PMID: 17109189 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-006-9067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2006] [Accepted: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thermophilic actinomycetes were isolated from sediment of the Chingshuei hot spring in north Taiwan, and the strain HS 45-1 was selected from colonies which formed distinct clear zones on agar plate with emulsified polyethylene succinate (PES). The film of PES disappeared within 6 days in liquid cultures at 50 degrees C. The strain HS 45-1 was also able to degrade poly (epsilon-carpolactone) (PCL) and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) films completely within 6 days in liquid cultures. Basing on the results of phynotypic characteristics, phylogenetic studies and DNA-DNA hybridization, strain HS 45-1 should be assigned to Micorbispora rosea subsp. taiwanensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim-Chi Hoang
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Ta-Hwa Institute of Technology, 1 Ta-Hwa Road, Chiung-Lin, Hsinchu 30743, Taiwan, ROC
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38
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Hoang KC, Lee CY, Tseng M, Chu WS. Polyester-degrading actinomycetes isolated from the Touchien River of Taiwan. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-006-9212-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Oishi A, Zhang M, Nakayama K, Masuda T, Taguchi Y. Synthesis of Poly(butylene succinate) and Poly(ethylene succinate) Including Diglycollate Moiety. Polym J 2006. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.pj2005206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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40
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Molecular and crystal structure of poly(tetramethylene adipate) α form based on synchrotron X-ray fiber diffraction. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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41
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Zhao JH, Wang XQ, Zeng J, Yang G, Shi FH, Yan Q. Biodegradation of poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) by Aspergillus versicolor. Polym Degrad Stab 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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42
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Tiago I, Teixeira I, Silva S, Chung P, Veríssimo A, Manaia CM. Metabolic and genetic diversity of mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria isolated from composted municipal sludge on poly-epsilon-caprolactones. Curr Microbiol 2005; 49:407-14. [PMID: 15696616 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-004-4353-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Thirty mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria were isolated from thermobiotically digested sewage sludge in culture medium supplemented with poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL). The ability of each purified isolate to degrade PCL and to produce polymer-degrading extracellular enzymes was assessed. Isolates were characterized based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), 16S rDNA sequence-based phylogenetic affiliation and carbohydrate-based nutritional versatility. Mesophilic isolates with ability to degrade PCL were attributed to the genera Acinetobacter, Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus. Thermophilic isolates were members of the genus Bacillus. Despite the restricted phylogenetic and genotypic diversity observed for thermophiles, their metabolic versatility and wide range of growth temperatures suggest an important activity of these organisms during the whole composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Tiago
- Departamento de Zoologia and Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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43
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Zhao JH, Wang XQ, Zeng J, Yang G, Shi FH, Yan Q. Biodegradation of poly(butylene succinate) in compost. J Appl Polym Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/app.22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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44
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Lindström A, Albertsson AC, Hakkarainen M. Quantitative determination of degradation products an effective means to study early stages of degradation in linear and branched poly(butylene adipate) and poly(butylene succinate). Polym Degrad Stab 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2003.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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45
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Akutsu-Shigeno Y, Teeraphatpornchai T, Teamtisong K, Nomura N, Uchiyama H, Nakahara T, Nakajima-Kambe T. Cloning and sequencing of a poly(DL-lactic acid) depolymerase gene from Paenibacillus amylolyticus strain TB-13 and its functional expression in Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol 2003; 69:2498-504. [PMID: 12732514 PMCID: PMC154548 DOI: 10.1128/aem.69.5.2498-2504.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding a poly(DL-lactic acid) (PLA) depolymerase from Paenibacillus amylolyticus strain TB-13 was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The purified recombinant PLA depolymerase, PlaA, exhibited degradation activities toward various biodegradable polyesters, such as poly(butylene succinate), poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate), poly(ethylene succinate), and poly(epsilon-caprolactone), as well as PLA. The monomeric lactic acid was detected as the degradation product of PLA. The substrate specificity toward triglycerides and p-nitrophenyl esters indicated that PlaA is a type of lipase. The gene encoded 201 amino acid residues, including the conserved pentapeptide Ala-His-Ser-Met-Gly, present in the lipases of mesophilic Bacillus species. The identity of the amino acid sequence of PlaA with Bacillus lipases was no more than 45 to 50%, and some of its properties were different from those of these lipases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukie Akutsu-Shigeno
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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46
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Kim DY, Rhee YH. Biodegradation of microbial and synthetic polyesters by fungi. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2003; 61:300-8. [PMID: 12743758 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-002-1205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2002] [Revised: 11/22/2002] [Accepted: 11/22/2002] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A variety of biodegradable polyesters have been developed in order to obtain useful biomaterials and to reduce the impact of environmental pollution caused by the large-scale accumulation of non-degradable waste plastics. Polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly(epsilon-caprolactone), poly( l-lactide), and both aliphatic and aromatic polyalkylene dicarboxylic acids are examples of biodegradable polyesters. In general, most aliphatic polyesters are readily mineralized by a number of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms that are widely distributed in nature. However, aromatic polyesters are more resistant to microbial attack than aliphatic polyesters. The fungal biomass in soils generally exceeds the bacterial biomass and thus it is likely that fungi may play a considerable role in degrading polyesters, just as they predominantly perform the decomposition of organic matter in the soil ecosystem. However, in contrast to bacterial polyester degradation, which has been extensively investigated, the microbiological and environmental aspects of fungal degradation of polyesters are unclear. This review reports recent advances in our knowledge of the fungal degradation of microbial and synthetic polyesters and discusses the ecological importance and contribution of fungi in the biological recycling of waste polymeric materials in the biosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764 Korea
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47
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Sawai D, Takahashi K, Sasashige A, Kanamoto T, Hyon SH. Preparation of Oriented β-Form Poly(l-lactic acid) by Solid-State Coextrusion: Effect of Extrusion Variables. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma030050z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sawai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Science University of Tokyo, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Takahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Science University of Tokyo, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Aki Sasashige
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Science University of Tokyo, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kanamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Science University of Tokyo, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Suong-Hyu Hyon
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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48
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Sakai Y, Isokawa M, Masuda T, Yoshioka H, Hayatsu M, Hayano K. Usefulness of Soil p-Nitrophenyl Acetate Esterase Activity as a Tool to Monitor Biodegradation of Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) in Cultivated Soil. Polym J 2002. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.34.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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49
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Oishi A, Nakano H, Fujita KI, Yuasa M, Taguchi Y. Copolymerization of Poly(butylene succinate) with 3-Alkoxy-1,2-propanediols. Polym J 2002. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.34.742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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50
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Cloning and sequence analysis of poly(tetramethylene succinate) depolymerase from Acidovorax delafieldii strain BS-3. J Biosci Bioeng 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(02)80022-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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