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Sekan AS, Myronycheva OS, Karlsson O, Gryganskyi AP, Blume Y. Green potential of Pleurotus spp. in biotechnology. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6664. [PMID: 30967974 PMCID: PMC6446892 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genus Pleurotus is most exploitable xylotrophic fungi, with valuable biotechnological, medical, and nutritional properties. The relevant features of the representatives of this genus to provide attractive low-cost industrial tools have been reported in numerous studies to resolve the pressure of ecological issues. Additionally, a number of Pleurotus species are highly adaptive, do not require any special conditions for growth, and possess specific resistance to contaminating diseases and pests. The unique properties of Pleurotus species widely used in many environmental technologies, such as organic solid waste recycling, chemical pollutant degradation, and bioethanol production. METHODOLOGY The literature study encompasses peer-reviewed journals identified by systematic searches of electronic databases such as Google Scholar, NCBI, Springer, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, and ISI Web of Knowledge. The search scheme was divided into several steps, as described below. RESULTS In this review, we describe studies examining the biotechnological feasibility of Pleurotus spp. to elucidate the importance of this genus for use in green technology. Here, we review areas of application of the genus Pleurotus as a prospective biotechnological tool. CONCLUSION The incomplete description of some fungal biochemical pathways emphasises the future research goals for this fungal culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alona S. Sekan
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Olena S. Myronycheva
- Division of Wood Science and Engineering, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Lulea University of Technology, Skelleftea, Sweden
| | - Olov Karlsson
- Division of Wood Science and Engineering, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Lulea University of Technology, Skelleftea, Sweden
| | | | - Yaroslav Blume
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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2
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Chaurasia SK, Bhardwaj NK. Biobleaching - An ecofriendly and environmental benign pulp bleaching technique: A review. J Carbohydr Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2019.1581888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nishi K. Bhardwaj
- Avantha Centre for Industrial Research and Development, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
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3
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Busse N, Kraume M, Czermak P. Modeling the design and operational mode of a continuous membrane reactor for enzymatic lignin modification. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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Focused Directed Evolution of Aryl-Alcohol Oxidase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Using Chimeric Signal Peptides. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:6451-62. [PMID: 26162870 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01966-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl-alcohol oxidase (AAO) is an extracellular flavoprotein that supplies ligninolytic peroxidases with H2O2 during natural wood decay. With a broad substrate specificity and highly stereoselective reaction mechanism, AAO is an attractive candidate for studies into organic synthesis and synthetic biology, and yet the lack of suitable heterologous expression systems has precluded its engineering by directed evolution. In this study, the native signal sequence of AAO from Pleurotus eryngii was replaced by those of the mating α-factor and the K1 killer toxin, as well as different chimeras of both prepro-leaders in order to drive secretion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The secretion of these AAO constructs increased in the following order: preproα-AAO > preαproK-AAO > preKproα-AAO > preproK-AAO. The chimeric preαproK-AAO was subjected to focused-directed evolution with the aid of a dual screening assay based on the Fenton reaction. Random mutagenesis and DNA recombination was concentrated on two protein segments (Met[α1]-Val109 and Phe392-Gln566), and an array of improved variants was identified, among which the FX7 mutant (harboring the H91N mutation) showed a dramatic 96-fold improvement in total activity with secretion levels of 2 mg/liter. Analysis of the N-terminal sequence of the FX7 variant confirmed the correct processing of the preαproK hybrid peptide by the KEX2 protease. FX7 showed higher stability in terms of pH and temperature, whereas the pH activity profiles and the kinetic parameters were maintained. The Asn91 lies in the flavin attachment loop motif, and it is a highly conserved residue in all members of the GMC superfamily, except for P. eryngii and P. pulmonarius AAO. The in vitro involution of the enzyme by restoring the consensus ancestor Asn91 promoted AAO expression and stability.
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5
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Gonzalez-Perez D, Garcia-Ruiz E, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Martinez AT, Alcalde M. Structural Determinants of Oxidative Stabilization in an Evolved Versatile Peroxidase. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs501218v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Gonzalez-Perez
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis, CSIC, Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Garcia-Ruiz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | | | - Angel T. Martinez
- Biological Research Centre, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Alcalde
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis, CSIC, Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Schüttmann I, Bouws H, Szweda RT, Suckow M, Czermak P, Zorn H. Induction, characterization, and heterologous expression of a carotenoid degrading versatile peroxidase from Pleurotus sapidus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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7
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Characterization of a novel dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP)-type enzyme from Irpex lacteus and its application in enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 79:4316-24. [PMID: 23666335 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00699-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Irpex lacteus is a white rot basidiomycete proposed for a wide spectrum of biotechnological applications which presents an interesting, but still scarcely known, enzymatic oxidative system. Among these enzymes, the production, purification, and identification of a new dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP)-type enzyme, as well as its physico-chemical, spectroscopic, and catalytic properties, are described in the current work. According to its N-terminal sequence and peptide mass fingerprinting analyses, I. lacteus DyP showed high homology (>95%) with the hypothetical (not isolated or characterized) protein cpop21 from an unidentified species of the family Polyporaceae. The enzyme had a low optimal pH, was very stable to acid pH and temperature, and showed improved activity and stability at high H2O2 concentrations compared to other peroxidases. Other attractive features of I. lacteus DyP were its high catalytic efficiency oxidizing the recalcitrant anthraquinone and azo dyes assayed (kcat/Km of 1.6 × 10(6) s(-1) M(-1)) and its ability to oxidize nonphenolic aromatic compounds like veratryl alcohol. In addition, the effect of this DyP during the enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw was checked. The results suggest that I. lacteus DyP displayed a synergistic action with cellulases during the hydrolysis of wheat straw, increasing significantly the fermentable glucose recoveries from this substrate. These data show a promising biotechnological potential for this enzyme.
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8
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Direct over-expression, characterization and H2O2 stability study of active Pleurotus eryngii versatile peroxidase in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Lett 2012; 34:1537-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-012-0940-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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9
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Directed evolution of a temperature-, peroxide- and alkaline pH-tolerant versatile peroxidase. Biochem J 2012; 441:487-98. [PMID: 21980920 DOI: 10.1042/bj20111199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The VPs (versatile peroxidases) secreted by white-rot fungi are involved in the natural decay of lignin. In the present study, a fusion gene containing the VP from Pleurotus eryngii was subjected to six rounds of directed evolution, achieving a level of secretion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (21 mg/l) as yet unseen for any ligninolytic peroxidase. The evolved variant for expression harboured four mutations and increased its total VP activity 129-fold. The signal leader processing by the STE13 protease at the Golgi compartment changed as a consequence of overexpression, retaining the additional N-terminal sequence Glu-Ala-Glu-Ala that enhanced secretion. The engineered N-terminally truncated variant displayed similar biochemical properties to those of the non-truncated counterpart in terms of kinetics, stability and spectroscopic features. Additional cycles of evolution raised the T50 8°C and significantly increased the enzyme's stability at alkaline pHs. In addition, the Km for H2O2 was enhanced up to 15-fold while the catalytic efficiency was maintained, and there was an improvement in peroxide stability (with half-lives for H2O2 of 43 min at a H2O2/enzyme molar ratio of 4000:1). Overall, the directed evolution approach described provides a set of strategies for selecting VPs with improvements in secretion, activity and stability.
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Nousiainen P, Kontro J, Maijala P, Uzan E, Hatakka A, Lomascolo A, Sipilä J. Lignin Model Compound Studies To Elucidate the Effect of “Natural” Mediators on Oxidoreductase-Catalyzed Degradation of Lignocellulosic Materials. FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2012-1107.ch012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Nousiainen
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio1), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 56 (Viikinkaari 9), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Aix-Marseille Univ., UMR 1163 Fungal Biotechnology, 163 avenue de Luminy, Case 925, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - J. Kontro
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio1), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 56 (Viikinkaari 9), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Aix-Marseille Univ., UMR 1163 Fungal Biotechnology, 163 avenue de Luminy, Case 925, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - P. Maijala
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio1), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 56 (Viikinkaari 9), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Aix-Marseille Univ., UMR 1163 Fungal Biotechnology, 163 avenue de Luminy, Case 925, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - E. Uzan
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio1), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 56 (Viikinkaari 9), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Aix-Marseille Univ., UMR 1163 Fungal Biotechnology, 163 avenue de Luminy, Case 925, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - A. Hatakka
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio1), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 56 (Viikinkaari 9), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Aix-Marseille Univ., UMR 1163 Fungal Biotechnology, 163 avenue de Luminy, Case 925, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - A. Lomascolo
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio1), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 56 (Viikinkaari 9), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Aix-Marseille Univ., UMR 1163 Fungal Biotechnology, 163 avenue de Luminy, Case 925, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - J. Sipilä
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio1), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 56 (Viikinkaari 9), Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Aix-Marseille Univ., UMR 1163 Fungal Biotechnology, 163 avenue de Luminy, Case 925, 13009 Marseille, France
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11
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Eisenstadt MA, Bogolitsyn KG. Peroxidase oxidation of lignin and its model compounds. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162010070034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Taboada-Puig R, Lú-Chau T, Moreira MT, Feijoo G, Martínez MJ, Lema JM. A new strain of Bjerkandera sp. production, purification and characterization of versatile peroxidase. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Karimi S, Abdulkhani A, Karimi A, Ghazali AHB, Ahmadun FLR. The effect of combination enzymatic and advanced oxidation process treatments on the colour of pulp and paper mill effluent. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2010; 31:347-356. [PMID: 20450108 DOI: 10.1080/09593330903473861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), enzymatic treatment and combined enzymatic/AOP sequences for the colour remediation of soda and chemimechanical pulp and paper mill effluent was investigated. The results indicated that under all circumstances, the AOP using ultraviolet irradiation (photo-Fenton) was more efficient in the degradation of effluent components in comparison with the dark reaction. It was found that both versatile peroxidase (VP) from Bjerkandera adusta and laccase from Trametes versicolor, as pure enzymes, decolorize the deep brown effluent to a clear light-yellow solution. In addition, it was found that in the laccase treatment, the decolorization rates of both effluents were enhanced in the presence of 2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate), while in the case of VP, Mn(+2) decreased the efficiency of the decolorization treatment. The concomitant use of enzymes and AOPs imposes a considerable effect on the colour remediation of effluent samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Karimi
- Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Kuala Lampor, Malaysia.
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Kudryavtseva OA, Dunaevsky YE, Kamzolkina OV, Belozersky MA. Fungal proteolytic enzymes: Features of the extracellular proteases of xylotrophic basidiomycetes. Microbiology (Reading) 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261708060015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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15
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Singh D, Chen S. The white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium: conditions for the production of lignin-degrading enzymes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 81:399-417. [PMID: 18810426 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1706-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Revised: 07/10/2008] [Accepted: 09/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Investigating optimal conditions for lignin-degrading peroxidases production by Phanerochaete chrysosporium (P. chrysosporium) has been a topic for numerous researches. The capability of P. chrysosporium for producing lignin peroxidases (LiPs) and manganese peroxidases (MnPs) makes it a model organism of lignin-degrading enzymes production. Focusing on compiling and identifying the factors that affect LiP and MnP production by P. chrysosporium, this critical review summarized the main findings of about 200 related research articles. The major difficulty in using this organism for enzyme production is the instability of its productivity. This is largely due to the poor understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of P. chrysosporium responding to different nutrient sources in the culture medium, such as metal elements, detergents, lignin materials, etc. In addition to presenting the major conclusions and gaps of the current knowledge on lignin-degrading peroxidases production by P. chrysosporium, this review has also suggested further work, such as correlating the overexpression of the intra and extracellular proteins to the nutrients and other culture conditions to discover the regulatory cascade in the lignin-degrading peroxidases production process, which may contribute to the creation of improved P. chrysosporium strains leading to stable enzyme production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Singh
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering and Center for Bioproducts and Bioenergy, Washington State University, L.J. Smith 213, Pullman, WA 99163, USA
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16
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Corvis Y, Walcarius A, Rink R, Mrabet NT, Rogalska E. Preparing catalytic surfaces for sensing applications by immobilizing enzymes via hydrophobin layers. Anal Chem 2007; 77:1622-30. [PMID: 15762565 DOI: 10.1021/ac048897w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Simple and reliable immobilization techniques that preserve the activity of enzymes are of interest in many technologies based on catalysis. Here, two redox enzymes, glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger and horseradish peroxidase, were immobilized by physisorption on glassy carbon electrodes coated with Schizophyllum commune hydrophobin. Hydrophobins are small, interfacially active proteins that have the remarkable property of adhering to almost any surface. We showed recently that these proteins can be used to immobilize small, electroactive molecules. The results obtained in this work show a way to easily manufacture stable, enzyme-based catalytic surfaces for applications in biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Corvis
- Groupe d'Etude des Vecteurs Supramoléculaires du Médicament UMR 7565 CNRS/Université Henri Poincaré Nancy 1, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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17
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Lorenzo M, Moldes D, Rodríguez Couto S, Sanromán MA. Inhibition of laccase activity from Trametes versicolor by heavy metals and organic compounds. CHEMOSPHERE 2005; 60:1124-8. [PMID: 15993161 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2004] [Revised: 12/14/2004] [Accepted: 12/20/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to the numerous biotechnological applications of laccase enzyme, it is essential to know the influence of different agents usually present in the natural environment on its enzymatic action, especially for in situ treatment technologies. In the present work, a simple and rapid method to determine the inhibitory or inducer effect of different compounds on laccase activity was developed. The compounds tested were copper-chelating agents and heavy metals. It was found that using syringaldazine as a substrate, all copper-chelating agents (except EDTA) highly inhibited laccase activity (around 100%) at an inhibitor concentration lower than 20 mM. Moreover, 40% of inhibition, which was detected at a concentration of 20 mM for both Cd(2+) and Cu(2+) increased with concentration until nearly complete inhibition at 80 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lorenzo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36200 Vigo, Spain
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Kamitsuji H, Honda Y, Watanabe T, Kuwahara M. Mn2+ is dispensable for the production of active MnP2 by Pleurotus ostreatus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 327:871-6. [PMID: 15649426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The regulation mechanism for expression of versatile peroxidase MnP2 by the basidiomycete fungus Pleurotus ostreatus was examined using chemically defined synthetic media. Expression of MnP2 was down-regulated at the transcription level by nutrient nitrogen, e.g., NH(4)(+), arginine or urea. As is often the case with other fungal manganese peroxidases, active MnP2 was not detected when Mn(2+) was omitted from the culture, while mnp2 transcription was barely affected by Mn(2+). However, Mn(2+) can be substituted by an MnP2 substrate, Poly R-478, since active MnP2 was detected extracellularly when the compound was added to the culture without Mn(2+). Enzyme stability assays with the purified MnP2 indicated an indispensable requirement for a substrate that can be used to complete the catalytic cycle, and avoid inactivation resulting from an excess H(2)O(2). This report is the first of the Mn(2+)-independent production of an active versatile peroxidase by P. ostreatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisatoshi Kamitsuji
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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Banci L, Camarero S, Martínez AT, Martínez MJ, Pérez-Boada M, Pierattelli R, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ. NMR study of manganese(II) binding by a new versatile peroxidase from the white-rot fungus Pleurotus eryngii. J Biol Inorg Chem 2003; 8:751-60. [PMID: 12884090 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-003-0476-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2003] [Accepted: 05/28/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to characterize the versatile peroxidase from Pleurotus eryngii, both in the resting state and in the cyanide-inhibited form. The assignment of most of the hyperfine-shifted resonances has been achieved by two-dimensional NMR, allowing the comparison of the present system with other ligninolytic peroxidases. This information has enabled a detailed analysis of the interaction of the enzyme with one of its reducing substrates, Mn(II). Furthermore, comparison with the data collected on a mutant in the putative Mn(II) binding site, and an analysis of the enzyme kinetic properties, shed light on the factors affecting the function of this novel peroxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Banci
- Department of Chemistry and Magnetic Resonance Center, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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Baldrian P, Gabriel J. Variability of laccase activity in the white-rot basidiomycete Pleurotus ostreatus. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2002; 47:385-90. [PMID: 12422515 DOI: 10.1007/bf02818695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The production of laccase in liquid cultures of the white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus was highly variable. During the first days of cultivation, the relative variability was as high as 80-100% and it decreased to 30% in the course of cultivation. The main source of variability was assumed to be the independent development of enzyme activity in individual cultures. Cultures with high laccase production showed also high production of the other ligninolytic enzyme--Mn-dependent peroxidase. The variability was probably due to the source of inoculum, deactivation of the enzyme in culture liquid and genetic variations among the cultures. Variability of laccase activities was lower during solid-state fermentation on wheat straw and during the growth in nonsterile soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Baldrian
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Wood-rotting Fungi, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 20 Prague, Czechia
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Valderrama B, Ayala M, Vazquez-Duhalt R. Suicide inactivation of peroxidases and the challenge of engineering more robust enzymes. CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY 2002; 9:555-65. [PMID: 12031662 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-5521(02)00149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
As the number of industrial applications for proteins continues to expand, the exploitation of protein engineering becomes critical. It is predicted that protein engineering can generate enzymes with new catalytic properties and create desirable, high-value, products at lower production costs. Peroxidases are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze a variety of oxygen-transfer reactions and are thus potentially useful for industrial and biomedical applications. However, peroxidases are unstable and are readily inactivated by their substrate, hydrogen peroxide. Researchers rely on the powerful tools of molecular biology to improve the stability of these enzymes, either by protecting residues sensitive to oxidation or by devising more efficient intramolecular pathways for free-radical allocation. Here, we discuss the catalytic cycle of peroxidases and the mechanism of the suicide inactivation process to establish a broad knowledge base for future rational protein engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Valderrama
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 510-3 Cuernavaca, Morelos 62250, México.
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Morais H, Ramos C, Forgács E, Cserháti T, Oliviera J. Using spectrophotometry and spectral mapping technique for the study of the production of manganese-dependent and manganese-independent peroxidases by Pleurotus ostreatus. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 2002; 50:99-109. [PMID: 11741699 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-022x(01)00169-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The activity of manganese-dependent and manganese-independent peroxidases produced by Pleurotus ostreatus in culture media composed of agro-residues was measured by visible spectrophotometry. The overall enzyme activity and its selectivity were separated by using spectral mapping technique followed by nonlinear mapping. The relationships between the parameters of enzyme production and the composition of culture media and fermentation time was assessed by stepwise regression analysis. Calculations proved that the addition of extract of straw to the culture media significantly decreased the overall production of both enzymes, whereas the selectivity of enzyme production was influenced by amount of potato extract and the concentration of total sugar in the culture media. Enzyme activity depended quadratically on the fermentation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Morais
- National Agronomical Station, Quinta do Marques, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
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Abstract
Addition of copper (0.5-5 mM) or cadmium (1-5 mM) to the white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated in liquid nitrogen-limited medium for 12 days increased the activity of laccase. The addition of 2 mM Cd led to an 18.5-fold increase of activity, 1 mM Cu increased the activity eight-fold. When added earlier than 12 days, the activation of laccase was delayed (Cu) or decreased (Cd). Ag, Hg, Pb, Zn, and H(2)O(2) decreased laccase activity. To study the effect on native enzymes, purified laccase was incubated with Cd, Cu, and Hg. The addition of Hg decreased the activity of laccase immediately and reduced the temporal stability of the enzyme, while the addition of Cu (0.05-50 mM) increased both enzyme activity and stability. Laccase extracted at different stages of straw colonisation differed in its response to heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Baldrian
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of the Wood-rotting Fungi, Institute of Microbiology, ASCR, Vídenská 1083, 14220 4, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Wang Y, Vazquez-Duhalt R, Pickard MA. Effect of growth conditions on the production of manganese peroxidase by three strains of Bjerkandera adusta. Can J Microbiol 2001; 47:277-82. [PMID: 11358165 DOI: 10.1139/w01-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We were looking for a strain of Bjerkandera adusta that produces high titres of manganese peroxidase under optimal conditions for large-scale enzyme purification. We have chosen two strains from the University of Alberta Microfungus Collection and Herbarium, UAMH 7308 and 8258, and compared the effects of growth conditions and medium composition on enzyme production with the well-characterized strain BOS55 (ATCC 90940). Of four types of cereal bran examined, rice bran at 3% (w/v) in 60 mM phosphate buffer pH 6 supported the highest levels of enzyme production. Using 100 mL medium in 500-mL Erlenmeyer flasks, maximum enzyme levels in the culture supernatant occurred after about 10 days of growth; 5.5 U x mL(-1) for UAMH 7308, 4.4 U x mL(-1) for UAMH 8258, and 1.7 U x mL(-1) for BOS55, where units are expressed as micromoles of Mn-malonate formed per minute. Growth as submerged cultures in 10-L stirred tank reactors produced 3.5 U x mL(-1) of manganese peroxidase (MnP) by UAMH 8258 and 2.5 U x mL(-1) of MnP by 7308, while enzyme production by BOS55 was not successful in stirred tank reactors but could be scaled up in 2-L shake flasks containing 400 mL rice bran or glucose-malt-yeast extract (GMY)-Mn-glycolate medium to produce MnP levels of 1.7 U x mL(-1). These results show that the two strains of B. adusta, UAMH 7308 and 8258, can produce between two and three times the manganese peroxidase level of B. adusta BOS55, that they are good candidates for scale up of enzyme production, and that the rice bran medium supports higher levels of enzyme production than most previously described media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Palmieri G, Bianco C, Cennamo G, Giardina P, Marino G, Monti M, Sannia G. Purification, characterization, and functional role of a novel extracellular protease from Pleurotus ostreatus. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:2754-9. [PMID: 11375191 PMCID: PMC92935 DOI: 10.1128/aem.67.6.2754-2759.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A new extracellular protease (PoSl; Pleurotus ostreatus subtilisin-like protease) from P. ostreatus culture broth has been purified and characterized. PoSl is a monomeric glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 75 kDa, a pI of 4.5, and an optimum pH in the alkaline range. The inhibitory profile indicates that PoSl is a serine protease. The N-terminal and three tryptic peptide sequences of PoSl have been determined. The homology of one internal peptide with conserved sequence around the Asp residue of the catalytic triad in the subtilase family suggests that PoSl is a subtilisin-like protease. This hypothesis is further supported by the finding that PoSl hydrolysis sites of the insulin B chain match those of subtilisin. PoSl activity is positively affected by calcium. A 10-fold decrease in the K(m) value in the presence of calcium ions can reflect an induced structural change in the substrate recognition site region. Furthermore, Ca(2+) binding slows PoSl autolysis, triggering the protein to form a more compact structure. These effects have already been observed for subtilisin and other serine proteases. Moreover, PoSl protease seems to play a key role in the regulation of P. ostreatus laccase activity by degrading and/or activating different isoenzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Palmieri
- IABBAM Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80147 Naples, Italy
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