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Tesfay MA, Win X, Lin H, Liu Y, Li C, Lin J, Lin J. Efficient L-xylulose production using whole-cell biocatalyst with NAD+ regeneration system through co-expression of xylitol dehydrogenase and NADH oxidase in Escherichia coli. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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2
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Zhu CY, Zhu YH, Zhou HP, Xu YY, Gao J, Zhang YW. Cloning, expression, and characterization of an arabitol dehydrogenase and coupled with NADH oxidase for effective production of L-xylulose. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:590-597. [PMID: 34528864 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1975299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel arabitol dehydrogenase (ArDH) gene was cloned from a bacterium named Aspergillus nidulans and expressed heterologously in Escherichia coli. The purified ArDH exhibited the maximal activity in pH 9.5 Tris-HCl buffer at 40 °C, showed Km and Vmax of 1.2 mg/mL and 9.1 U/mg, respectively. The ArDH was used to produce the L-xylulose and coupled with the NADH oxidase (Nox) for the regeneration of NAD+. In further optimization, a high conversion of 84.6% in 8 hours was achieved under the optimal conditions: 20 mM of xylitol, 100 µM NAD+ in pH 9.0 Tris-HCl buffer at 30 °C. The results indicated the coupling system with cofactor regeneration provides a promising approach for L-xylulose production from xylitol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yuan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Hao Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Ping Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Gao
- College of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Wang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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3
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Li M, Zhu W, Meng Q, Miao M, Zhang T. Characterization of xylitol 4-dehydrogenase from Erwinia aphidicola and its co-expression with NADH oxidase in Bacillus subtilis. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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4
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Tesfay MA, Wen X, Liu Y, Lin H, Chen L, Lin J, Lin J. Construction of recombinant Escherichia coli expressing xylitol-4-dehydrogenase and optimization for enhanced L-xylulose biotransformation from xylitol. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1021-1032. [PMID: 33481075 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02505-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
L-Xylulose is a rare ketopentose which inhibits α-glucosidase and is an indicator of hepatitis or liver cirrhosis. This pentose is also a precursor of other rare sugars such as L-xylose, L-ribose or L-lyxose. Recombinant E. coli expressing xylitol-4-dehydrogenase gene of Pantoea ananatis was constructed. A cost-effective culture media were used for L-xylulose production using the recombinant E. coli strain constructed. Response surface methodology was used to optimize these media components for L-xylulose production. A high conversion rate of 96.5% was achieved under an optimized pH and temperature using 20 g/L xylitol, which is the highest among the reports. The recombinant E. coli cells expressing the xdh gene were immobilized in calcium alginate to improve recycling of cells. Effective immobilization was achieved with 2% (w/v) sodium alginate and 3% (w/v) calcium chloride. The immobilized E. coli cells retained good stability and enzyme activity for 9 batches with conversion between 53 and 92% which would be beneficial for economical production of L-xylulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesfin Angaw Tesfay
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huibin Lin
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Linxu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianqiang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jianqun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
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5
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Polyol dehydrogenases: intermediate role in the bioconversion of rare sugars and alcohols. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6473-6481. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09980-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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6
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Han Q, Eiteman MA. Enhancement of NAD(H) pool for formation of oxidized biochemicals in Escherichia coli. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 45:939-950. [PMID: 30159648 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-2072-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The NAD+/NADH ratio and the total NAD(H) play important roles for whole-cell biochemical redox transformations. After the carbon source is exhausted, the degradation of NAD(H) could contribute to a decline in the rate of a desired conversion. In this study, methods to slow the native rate of NAD(H) degradation were examined using whole-cell Escherichia coli with two model oxidative NAD+-dependent biotransformations. A high phosphate concentration (50 mM) was observed to slow NAD(H) degradation. We also constructed E. coli strains with deletions in genes coding several enzymes involved in NAD+ degradation. In shake-flask experiments, the total NAD(H) concentration positively correlated with conversion of xylitol to L-xylulose by xylitol 4-dehydrogenase, and the greatest conversion (80%) was observed using MG1655 nadR nudC mazG/pZE12-xdh/pCS27-nox. Controlled 1-L batch processes comparing E. coli nadR nudC mazG with a wild-type background strain demonstrated a 30% increase in final L-xylulose concentration (5.6 vs. 7.9 g/L) and a 25% increase in conversion (0.53 vs. 0.66 g/g). MG1655 nadR nudC mazG was also examined for the conversion of galactitol to L-tagatose by galactitol 2-dehydrogenase. A batch process using 15 g/L glycerol and 10 g/L galactitol generated over 9.4 g/L L-tagatose, corresponding to 90% conversion and a yield of 0.95 g L-tagatose/g galactitol consumed. The results demonstrate the value of minimizing NAD(H) degradation as a means to improve NAD+-dependent biotransformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Han
- School of Chemical Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Mark A Eiteman
- School of Chemical Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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7
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Han Q, Eiteman MA. Coupling xylitol dehydrogenase with NADH oxidase improves l-xylulose production in Escherichia coli culture. Enzyme Microb Technol 2017; 106:106-113. [PMID: 28859803 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli expressing NAD-dependent xylitol-4-dehydrogenase (XDH) from Pantoea ananatis and growing on glucose or glycerol converts xylitol to the rare sugar l-xylulose. Although blocking potential l-xylulose consumption (l-xylulosekinase, lyxK) or co-expression of the glycerol facilitator (glpF) did not significantly affect l-xylulose formation, co-expressing XDH with water-forming NADH oxidase (NOX) from Streptococcus pneumoniae increased l-xylulose formation in shake flasks when glycerol was the carbon source. Controlled batch processes at the 1L scale demonstrated that the final equilibrium l-xylulose/xylitol ratio was correlated to the intracellular NAD+/NADH ratio, with 69% conversion of xylitol to l-xylulose and a yield of 0.88g l-xylulose/g xylitol consumed attained for MG1655/pZE12-xdh/pCS27-nox growing on glycerol. NADH oxidase was less effective at improving l-xylulose formation in the bioreactor than in shake flasks, likely as a result of an intrinsic maximum NAD+/NADH and l-xylulose/xylitol equilibrium ratio being attained. Intermittently feeding carbon source was ineffective at increasing the final l-xylulose concentration because introduction of carbon source was accompanied by a reduction in NAD+/NADH ratio. A batch process using 12g/L glycerol and 22g/L xylitol generated over 14g/L l-xylulose after 80h, corresponding to 65% conversion and a yield of 0.89g l-xylulose/g xylitol consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Han
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Mark A Eiteman
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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8
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Sukpipat W, Komeda H, Prasertsan P, Asano Y. Purification and characterization of xylitol dehydrogenase with l-arabitol dehydrogenase activity from the newly isolated pentose-fermenting yeast Meyerozyma caribbica 5XY2. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:20-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gao H, Khera E, Lee JK, Wen F. Immobilization of Multi-biocatalysts in Alginate Beads for Cofactor Regeneration and Improved Reusability. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27166648 DOI: 10.3791/53944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently developed a simple, reusable and coupled whole-cell biocatalytic system with the capability of cofactor regeneration and biocatalyst immobilization for improved production yield and sustained synthesis. Described herewith is the experimental procedure for the development of such a system consisting of two E. coli strains that express functionally complementary enzymes. Together, these two enzymes can function co-operatively to mediate the regeneration of expensive cofactors for improving the product yield of the bioreaction. In addition, the method of synthesizing an immobilized form of the coupled biocatalytic system by encapsulation of whole cells in calcium alginate beads is reported. As an example, we present the improved biosynthesis of L-xylulose from L-arabinitol by coupling E. coli cells expressing the enzymes L-arabinitol dehydrogenase or NADH oxidase. Under optimal conditions and using an initial concentration of 150 mM L-arabinitol, the maximal L-xylulose yield reached 96%, which is higher than those reported in the literature. The immobilized form of the coupled whole-cell biocatalysts demonstrated good operational stability, maintaining 65% of the yield obtained in the first cycle after 7 cycles of successive re-use, while the free cell system almost completely lost the catalytic activity. Therefore, the methods reported here provides two strategies that could help improve the industrial production of L-xylulose, as well as other value-added compounds requiring the use of cofactors in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University
| | - Eshita Khera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University;
| | - Fei Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan;
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10
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Gao H, Kim TS, Mardina P, Zhou P, Wen F, Lee JK. Rare sugar production by coupling of NADH oxidase and l-arabinitol dehydrogenase. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11614k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient biocatalytic cell-free system containing l-arabinitol dehydrogenase (LAD) for l-arabinitol oxidation and NADH oxidase (Nox) for cofactor regeneration was successfully constructed and used for l-rare sugar production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Konkuk University
- Seoul 05029
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering
| | - Tae-Su Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Konkuk University
- Seoul 05029
- Republic of Korea
| | - Primata Mardina
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Konkuk University
- Seoul 05029
- Republic of Korea
| | - Pengji Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | - Fei Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Konkuk University
- Seoul 05029
- Republic of Korea
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11
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Meng Q, Zhang T, Jiang B, Mu W, Miao M. Advances in applications, metabolism, and biotechnological production of L-xylulose. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:535-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Repeated production of l-xylulose by an immobilized whole-cell biocatalyst harboring l-arabinitol dehydrogenase coupled with an NAD+ regeneration system. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Jagtap SS, Singh R, Kang YC, Zhao H, Lee JK. Cloning and characterization of a galactitol 2-dehydrogenase from Rhizobium legumenosarum and its application in d-tagatose production. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 58-59:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Role of surface residue 184 in the catalytic activity of NADH oxidase from Streptococcus pyogenes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:7081-8. [PMID: 24687749 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5666-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpNox) is a flavoprotein harboring one molecule of noncovalently bound flavin adenine dinucleotide. It catalyzes the oxidation of NADH by reducing molecular O2 to H2O directly through a four-electron reduction. In this study, we selected the lysine residues on the surface of SpNox and mutated them into arginine residues to study the effect on the enzyme activity. A single-point mutation (K184R) at the surface of SpNox enhanced NADH oxidase activity by approximately 50 % and improved thermostability with 46.6 % longer half life at 30 °C. Further insights into the function of residue K184 were obtained by substituting it with other nonpolar, polar, positively charged, and negatively charged residues. To elucidate the role of this residue, computer-assisted molecular modeling and substrate docking were performed. The results demonstrate that even a single mutation at the surface of the enzyme induces changes in the interaction at the active site and affects the activity and stability. Additionally, the data also suggest that the K184R mutant can be used as an effective biocatalyst for NAD(+) regeneration in L-rare sugar production.
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Tiwari MK, Singh RK, Gao H, Kim T, Chang S, Kim HS, Lee JK. pH-rate profiles of l-arabinitol 4-dehydrogenase from Hypocrea jecorina and its application in l-xylulose production. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:173-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Lulu L, Ling Z, Dongmei W, Xiaolian G, Hisanori T, Hidehiko K, Jiong H. Identification of a xylitol dehydrogenase gene from Kluyveromyces marxianus NBRC1777. Mol Biotechnol 2013; 53:159-69. [PMID: 22351371 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-012-9508-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) (EC 1.1.1.9) is one of the key enzymes in the xylose fermentation pathway in yeast and fungi. A xylitol dehydrogenase gene (XYL2) encoding a XDH was cloned from Kluyveromyces marxianus NBRC 1777, and the in vivo function was validated by disruption and complementation analysis. The highest activity of KmXDH could be observed at pH 9.5 during 55°C. The values of k(cat)/K(m) indicate that KmXDH prefers NAD(+) to NADP(+) (k(cat)/K(m NAD)(+) 3681/min mM and k(cat)/K(m NADP)(+) 1361/min mM). The different coenzyme preference between KmXR and KmXDH caused an accumulation of NADH in the xylose utilization pathway. The redox imbalance may be one of the reasons to cause the poor xylose fermentation under oxygen-limited conditions in K. marxianus NBRC1777.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lulu
- School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 Anhui, People's Republic of China
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17
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Sakakibara Y, Torigoe K. Biochemical characterization of l-arabitol 2-dehydrogenase from Pantoea ananatis. J Biosci Bioeng 2012; 113:715-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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18
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Identification of the galactitol dehydrogenase, LadB, that is part of the oxido-reductive d-galactose catabolic pathway in Aspergillus niger. Fungal Genet Biol 2012; 49:152-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Usvalampi A, Turunen O, Valjakka J, Pastinen O, Leisola M, Nyyssölä A. Production of l-xylose from l-xylulose using Escherichia coli l-fucose isomerase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2012; 50:71-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Revised: 09/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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Sadeghi HMM, Ahmadi R, Aghaabdollahian S, Mofid M, Ghaemi Y, Abedi D. Molecular cloning of gluconobacter oxydans DSM 2003 xylitol dehydrogenase gene. Res Pharm Sci 2011; 6:51-5. [PMID: 22110522 PMCID: PMC3203272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the widespread applications of xylitol dehydrogenase, an enzyme used for the production of xylitol, the present study was designed for the cloning of xylitol dehydrogenase gene from Glcunobacter oxydans DSM 2003. After extraction of genomic DNA from this bacterium, xylitol dehydrogenase gene was replicated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The amplified product was entered into pTZ57R cloning vector by T/A cloning method and transformation was performed by heat shocking of the E. coli XL1-blue competent cells. Following plasmid preparation, the cloned gene was digested out and ligated into the expression vector pET-22b(+). Electrophoresis of PCR product showed a 789 bp band. Recombinant plasmid (rpTZ57R) was then constructed. This plasmid was double digested with XhoI and EcoRI resulting in 800 bp and 2900 bp bands. The obtained insert was ligated into pET-22b(+) vector and its orientation was confirmed with XhoI and BamHI restriction enzymes. In conclusion, in the present study the recombinant expression vector containing xylitol dehydrogenase gene has been constructed and can be used for the production of this enzyme in high quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Mir Mohammad Sadeghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
| | - R. Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
| | - S. Aghaabdollahian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
| | - M.R. Mofid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
| | - Y. Ghaemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
| | - D. Abedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, I.R.Iran,
*Corresponding author: Daryoush Abedi, PhD, this paper is extracted from the Pharm.D thesis No.387422 Tel. 0098 311 792 2606, Fax. 0098 311 6680011
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21
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Cloning and characterization of thermotolerant xylitol dehydrogenases from yeast Pichia angusta. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 88:1311-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2818-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2010] [Revised: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Mojzita D, Vuoristo K, Koivistoinen OM, Penttilä M, Richard P. The 'true' L-xylulose reductase of filamentous fungi identified in Aspergillus niger. FEBS Lett 2010; 584:3540-4. [PMID: 20654618 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
L-Xylulose reductase is part of the eukaryotic pathway for l-arabinose catabolism. A previously identified L-xylulose reductase in Hypocrea jecorina turned out to be not the 'true' one since it was not upregulated during growth on L-arabinose and the deletion strain showed no reduced L-xylulose reductase activity but instead lost the D-mannitol dehydrogenase activity. In this communication we identified the 'TRUE'L-xylulose reductase in Aspergillus niger. The gene, lxrA (JGI177736), is upregulated on L-arabinose and the deletion results in a strain lacking the NADPH-specific L-xylulose reductase activity and having reduced growth on l-arabinose. The purified enzyme had a K(m) for L-xylulose of 25 mM and a nu(max) of 650 U/mg.
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23
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Tiwari MK, Moon HJ, Jeya M, Lee JK. Cloning and characterization of a thermostable xylitol dehydrogenase from Rhizobium etli CFN42. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 87:571-81. [PMID: 20177886 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An NAD(+)-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase from Rhizobium etli CFN42 (ReXDH) was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The DNA sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1,044 bp, capable of encoding a polypeptide of 347 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 35,858 Da. The ReXDH protein was purified as an active soluble form using GST affinity chromatography. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be approximately 34 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel and approximately 135 kDa with gel filtration chromatography, suggesting that the enzyme is a homotetramer. Among various polyols, xylitol was the preferred substrate of ReXDH with a K (m) = 17.9 mM and k(cat) /K (m) = 0.5 mM(-1) s(-1) for xylitol. The enzyme had an optimal pH and temperature of 9.5 and 70 degrees C, respectively. Heat inactivation studies revealed a half life of the ReXDH at 40 degrees C of 120 min and a half denaturation temperature (T (1/2)) of 53.1 degrees C. ReXDH showed the highest optimum temperature and thermal stability among the known XDHs. Homology modeling and sequence analysis of ReXDH shed light on the factors contributing to the high thermostability of ReXDH. Although XDHs have been characterized from several other sources, ReXDH is distinguished from other XDHs by its high thermostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
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24
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Usvalampi A, Kiviharju K, Leisola M, Nyyssölä A. Factors affecting the production of l-xylulose by resting cells of recombinant Escherichia coli. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 36:1323-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0616-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Accepted: 06/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sakakibara Y, Saha BC. Isolation of an operon involved in xylitol metabolism from a xylitol-utilizing Pantoea ananatis mutant. J Biosci Bioeng 2009; 106:337-44. [PMID: 19000608 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.106.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 06/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An operon involved in cryptic xylitol metabolism of Pantoea ananatis was cloned by transposon tagging. A xylitol negative mutant with a transposon insertion in the xylitol 4-dehydrogenase gene (xdh) was isolated and genomic DNA around the transposon was sequenced. Consequently, six consecutive genes, xytB-G are located downstream of xdh in the same strand. These seven genes are cotranscribed as a single transcript in a P. ananatis xylitol-utilizing mutant, suggesting that they comprise an operon. In addition to xdh, xytF also encodes oxidoreductase that is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family. Recombinant Escherichia coli that heterologously expresses the Xdh protein converts xylitol to xylulose as expected. On the other hand, the recombinant XytF protein has activity with l-arabitol but not with xylitol. XytB, xytD and xytE have significant sequence similarities to genes encoding the substrate-binding, ATP-binding and permease subunits, respectively, of ATP-binding cassette transporters. Although the physiological role of the operon remains unknown, the operon appears to be involved in uptake and metabolism of a various sugar alcohols. A gene encoding a DeoR-type transcriptional regulator, xytR, is located upstream of the operon in the opposite strand and a single nucleotide substitution that could cause a nonsense mutation is present in the xytR gene of the xylitol-utilizing mutant. This result suggests that the product of xytR negatively controls expression of the operon like other DeoR regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikiyo Sakakibara
- Fermentation Biotechnology Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University st., Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
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Production of l-xylulose from xylitol by a newly isolated strain of Bacillus pallidus Y25 and characterization of its relevant enzyme xylitol dehydrogenase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2006.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Poonperm W, Takata G, Ando Y, Sahachaisaree V, Lumyong P, Lumyong S, Izumori K. Efficient conversion of allitol to d-psicose by Bacillus pallidus Y25. J Biosci Bioeng 2007; 103:282-5. [PMID: 17434433 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.103.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2006] [Accepted: 12/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for conversion of allitol to D-psicose was achieved by a resting cell reaction of Bacillus pallidus Y25 for the first time. Notably, it was possible to produce D-allose and D-altrose from allitol directly via D-psicose by prolonging the reaction time. This method was applied for the preparation of D-psicose using the extract of Itea virginica as a starting material in this study. D-Psicose which is the absolutely key precursor for the production of other six carbon sugars could be obtained as the sole product at high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayoon Poonperm
- Rare Sugar Research Center and Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa Univeristy, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
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Hahn-Hägerdal B, Karhumaa K, Jeppsson M, Gorwa-Grauslund MF. Metabolic engineering for pentose utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2007; 108:147-77. [PMID: 17846723 DOI: 10.1007/10_2007_062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of pentose utilization pathways in baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is summarized together with metabolic engineering strategies to improve ethanolic pentose fermentation. Bacterial and fungal xylose and arabinose pathways have been expressed in S. cerevisiae but do not generally convey significant ethanolic fermentation traits to this yeast. A large number of rational metabolic engineering strategies directed among others toward sugar transport, initial pentose conversion, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the cellular redox metabolism have been exploited. The directed metabolic engineering approach has often been combined with random approaches including adaptation, mutagenesis, and hybridization. The knowledge gained about pentose fermentation in S. cerevisiae is primarily limited to genetically and physiologically well-characterized laboratory strains. The translation of this knowledge to strains performing in an industrial context is discussed.
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