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Hu D, Zhu Z, Li S, Deng Y, Wu Y, Zhang N, Puri V, Wang C, Zou P, Lei C, Tian X, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Li W, Prabakaran P, Feng Y, Cardosa J, Qin C, Zhou X, Dimitrov DS, Ying T. A broadly neutralizing germline-like human monoclonal antibody against dengue virus envelope domain III. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007836. [PMID: 31242272 PMCID: PMC6615639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is the most widespread vector-borne viral disease caused by dengue virus (DENV) for which there are no safe, effective drugs approved for clinical use. Here, by using sequential antigen panning of a yeast antibody library derived from healthy donors against the DENV envelop protein domain III (DIII) combined with depletion by an entry defective DIII mutant, we identified a cross-reactive human monoclonal antibody (mAb), m366.6, which bound with high affinity to DENV DIII from all four DENV serotypes. Immunogenetic analysis indicated that m366.6 is a germline-like mAb with very few somatic mutations from the closest VH and Vλ germline genes. Importantly, we demonstrated that it potently neutralized DENV both in vitro and in the mouse models of DENV infection without detectable antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) effect. The epitope of m366.6 was mapped to the highly conserved regions on DIII, which may guide the design of effective dengue vaccine immunogens. Furthermore, as the first germline-like mAb derived from a naïve antibody library that could neutralize all four DENV serotypes, the m366.6 can be a tool for exploring mechanisms of DENV infection, and is a promising therapeutic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hu
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongyu Zhu
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shun Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Wu
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Vinita Puri
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chunyu Wang
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Lei
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Tian
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulu Wang
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wei Li
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ponraj Prabakaran
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yang Feng
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jane Cardosa
- Institute of Health and Community Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Chengfeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (DSD); (TY)
| | - Dimiter S. Dimitrov
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (XZ); (DSD); (TY)
| | - Tianlei Ying
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (DSD); (TY)
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2
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Auerswald H, de Jesus A, Seixas G, Nazareth T, In S, Mao S, Duong V, Silva AC, Paul R, Dussart P, Sousa CA. First dengue virus seroprevalence study on Madeira Island after the 2012 outbreak indicates unreported dengue circulation. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:103. [PMID: 30867031 PMCID: PMC6417143 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In 2012, the first dengue virus outbreak was reported on the Portuguese island of Madeira with 1080 confirmed cases. Dengue virus of serotype 1 (DENV-1), probably imported from Venezuela, caused this outbreak with autochthonous transmission by invasive Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Results We investigated the seroprevalence among the population on Madeira Island four years after the outbreak. Study participants (n = 358), representative of the island population regarding their age and gender, were enrolled in 2012 in a cross-sectional study. Dengue antibodies were detected with an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the dimer of domain III (ED3) of the DENV-1 envelope protein as well as commercial Panbio indirect and capture IgG ELISAs. Positive ELISA results were validated with a neutralization test. The overall seroprevalence was found to be 7.8% (28/358) with the in-house ELISA, whereas the commercial DENV indirect ELISA detected IgG antibodies in 8.9% of the individuals (32/358). The results of the foci reduction neutralization test confirmed DENV-1 imported from South America as the causative agent of the 2012 epidemic. Additionally, we found a higher seroprevalence in study participants with an age above 60 years old and probable secondary DENV infected individuals indicating unreported dengue circulation before or after 2012 on Madeira Island. Conclusions This study revealed that the number of infections might have been much higher than estimated from only confirmed cases in 2012/2013. These mainly DENV-1 immune individuals are not protected from a secondary DENV infection and the majority of the population of Madeira Island is still naïve for DENV. Surveillance of mosquitoes and arboviruses should be continued on Madeira Island as well as in other European areas where invasive vector mosquitoes are present. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3357-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Auerswald
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Ana de Jesus
- GHTM-Global Health and Tropical Medicine, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.,UEI Medical Parasitology, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine of Lisbon, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Seixas
- GHTM-Global Health and Tropical Medicine, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.,UEI Medical Parasitology, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine of Lisbon, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teresa Nazareth
- GHTM-Global Health and Tropical Medicine, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.,UEI Medical Parasitology, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine of Lisbon, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Saraden In
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sokthearom Mao
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Veasna Duong
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Ana Clara Silva
- Departamento de Saúde, Planeamento e Administração Geral, Instituto de Administração da Saúde e Assuntos Sociais, IP-RAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal.,Madeira Regional Government, Institute of Health and Social Affairs, Av. Zarco, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Richard Paul
- Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France.,Génomique évolutive, modélisation et santé UMR 2000, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 75724, Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Philippe Dussart
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
| | - Carla Alexandra Sousa
- GHTM-Global Health and Tropical Medicine, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.,UEI Medical Parasitology, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine of Lisbon, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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3
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Fahimi H, Sadeghizadeh M, Hassan ZM, Auerswald H, Schreiber M. Immunogenicity of a novel tetravalent dengue envelope protein domain III-based antigen in mice. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:1054-1068. [PMID: 30564083 PMCID: PMC6295631 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dengue virus is a mosquito-borne pathogen that causes dengue diseases. All four serotypes of dengue virus are infectious for humans. Therefore, an efficacious dengue vaccine should be tetravalent to provide protection against all types of virus. The goal of this study was to design a new tetravalent recombinant protein from envelope protein of dengue viruses to induce virus-neutralizing antibodies against all four serotypes in mice. A chimeric protein was designed from domain III of envelope protein of all serotypes of dengue virus. Four domain III fragments were linked together by alpha helix making linkers. The final sequence of the designed protein was analyzed in silico and the coding gene sequence was deduced by reverse translation. After cloning and expression of the recombinant protein (ED3-tetravalent protein), identity of the purified protein was confirmed using a pan-dengue specific monoclonal antibody in Western blotting. Then, the immunogenicity of the purified protein was studied in mice using antibody titration. The efficacy of induced antibodies in neutralization of the virus was studies by FRNT method. Furthermore, the induction of cellular immunity was studied by measurement of cytokines using ELISA method and measurement of lymphocyte proliferation using MTT assay. The ED3-tetravalent protein was able to enhance neutralizing immunogenic response against all four dengue serotypes; in similar way to that of tetravalent formulation of four individual domain III-based polypeptides. It is suggested that the ED3-tetravalent fusion protein can induce broadly neutralizing antibody responses against all four serotypes of dengue virus in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Fahimi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sadeghizadeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zuhair M Hassan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heidi Auerswald
- Department of Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Schreiber
- Department of Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
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4
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Benjathummarak S, Pipattanaboon C, Boonha K, Wongwit W, Ramasoota P, Pitaksajjakul P. Human single-chain variable fragment antibody expressed in E. coli with optimal in vitro cross-neutralizing and no enhancing activity. Biologicals 2018; 56:54-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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5
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Tripathi NK, Shrivastava A. Recent Developments in Recombinant Protein-Based Dengue Vaccines. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1919. [PMID: 30190720 PMCID: PMC6115509 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant proteins are gaining enormous importance these days due to their wide application as biopharmaceutical products and proven safety record. Various recombinant proteins of therapeutic and prophylactic importance have been successfully produced in microbial and higher expression host systems. Since there is no specific antiviral therapy available against dengue, the prevention by vaccination is the mainstay in reducing the disease burden. Therefore, efficacious vaccines are needed to control the spread of dengue worldwide. Dengue is an emerging viral disease caused by any of dengue virus 1-4 serotypes that affects the human population around the globe. Dengue virus is a single stranded RNA virus encoding three structural proteins (capsid protein, pre-membrane protein, and envelope protein) and seven non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2a, NS2b, NS3, NS4a, NS4b, NS5). As the only licensed dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia) is unable to confer balanced protection against all the serotypes, therefore various approaches for development of dengue vaccines including tetravalent live attenuated, inactivated, plasmid DNA, virus-vectored, virus-like particles, and recombinant subunit vaccines are being explored. These candidates are at different stages of vaccine development and have their own merits and demerits. The promising subunit vaccines are mainly based on envelope or its domain and non-structural proteins of dengue virus. These proteins have been produced in different hosts and are being investigated for development of a successful dengue vaccine. Novel immunogens have been designed employing various strategies like protein engineering and fusion of antigen with various immunostimulatory motif to work as self-adjuvant. Moreover, recombinant proteins can be formulated with novel adjuvants to enhance the immunogenicity and thus conferring better protection to the vaccinees. With the advent of newer and safer host systems, these recombinant proteins can be produced in a cost effective manner at large scale for vaccine studies. In this review, we summarize recent developments in recombinant protein based dengue vaccines that could lead to a good number of efficacious vaccine candidates for future human use and ultimately alternative dengue vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh K. Tripathi
- Bioprocess Scale Up Facility, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India
| | - Ambuj Shrivastava
- Division of Virology, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India
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6
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Animal Models for Dengue and Zika Vaccine Development. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1062:215-239. [PMID: 29845536 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8727-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The current status of animal models in the study of dengue and Zika are covered in this review. Mouse models deficient in IFN signaling are used to overcome the natural resistance of mice to non-encephalitic flaviviruses. Conditional IFNAR mice and non-human primates (NHP) are useful immuno-competent models. Sterile immunity after dengue vaccination is not observed in NHPs. Placental and fetal development in NHPs is similar to humans, facilitating studies on infection-mediated fetal impairment.
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7
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Wu YW, Mettling C, Wu SR, Yu CY, Perng GC, Lin YS, Lin YL. Autophagy-associated dengue vesicles promote viral transmission avoiding antibody neutralization. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32243. [PMID: 27558165 PMCID: PMC4997566 DOI: 10.1038/srep32243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major defense mechanisms against virus spread in vivo is the blocking of viral infectibility by neutralizing antibodies. We describe here the identification of infectious autophagy-associated dengue vesicles released from infected cells. These vesicles contain viral proteins E, NS1, prM/M, and viral RNA, as well as host lipid droplets and LC3-II, an autophagy marker. The viral RNA can be protected within the autophagic organelles since anti-dengue neutralizing antibodies do not have an effect on the vesicle-mediated transmission that is able to initiate a new round of infection in target cells. Importantly, such infectious vesicles were also detected in a patient serum. Our study suggests that autophagy machinery plays a new role in dengue virus transmission. This discovery explains the inefficiency of neutralizing antibody upon dengue infection as a potential immune evasion mechanism in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Wei Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Shang-Rung Wu
- Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Yu
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Chuen Perng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Shin Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yea-Lih Lin
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, Montpellier, France
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8
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McBurney SP, Sunshine JE, Gabriel S, Huynh JP, Sutton WF, Fuller DH, Haigwood NL, Messer WB. Evaluation of protection induced by a dengue virus serotype 2 envelope domain III protein scaffold/DNA vaccine in non-human primates. Vaccine 2016; 34:3500-7. [PMID: 27085173 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe the preclinical development of a dengue virus vaccine targeting the dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) envelope domain III (EDIII). This study provides proof-of-principle that a dengue EDIII protein scaffold/DNA vaccine can protect against dengue challenge. The dengue vaccine (EDIII-E2) is composed of both a protein particle and a DNA expression plasmid delivered simultaneously via intramuscular injection (protein) and gene gun (DNA) into rhesus macaques. The protein component can contain a maximum of 60 copies of EDIII presented on a multimeric scaffold of Geobacillus stearothermophilus E2 proteins. The DNA component is composed of the EDIII portion of the envelope gene cloned into an expression plasmid. The EDIII-E2 vaccine elicited robust antibody responses to DENV2, with neutralizing antibody responses detectable following the first boost and reaching titers of greater than 1:100,000 following the second and final boost. Vaccinated and naïve groups of macaques were challenged with DENV2. All vaccinated macaques were protected from detectable viremia by infectious assay, while naïve animals had detectable viremia for 2-7 days post-challenge. All naïve macaques had detectable viral RNA from day 2-10 post-challenge. In the EDIII-E2 group, three macaques were negative for viral RNA and three were found to have detectable viral RNA post challenge. Viremia onset was delayed and the duration was shortened relative to naïve controls. The presence of viral RNA post-challenge corresponded to a 10-30-fold boost in neutralization titers 28 days post challenge, whereas no boost was observed in the fully protected animals. Based on these results, we determine that pre-challenge 50% neutralization titers of >1:6000 correlated with sterilizing protection against DENV2 challenge in EDIII-E2 vaccinated macaques. Identification of the critical correlate of protection for the EDIII-E2 platform in the robust non-human primate model lays the groundwork for further development of a tetravalent EDIII-E2 dengue vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P McBurney
- Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Ave., Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Justine E Sunshine
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Sarah Gabriel
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jeremy P Huynh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - William F Sutton
- Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Ave., Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Deborah H Fuller
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1705 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nancy L Haigwood
- Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Ave., Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - William B Messer
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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9
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Ye Q, Xu YP, Zhang Y, Li XF, Wang HJ, Liu ZY, Li SH, Liu L, Zhao H, Nian QG, Deng YQ, Qin ED, Qin CF. Genotype-specific neutralization determinants in envelope protein: implications for the improvement of Japanese encephalitis vaccine. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:2165-2175. [PMID: 25908779 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis remains the leading cause of viral encephalitis in children in Asia and is expanding its geographical range to larger areas in Asia and Australasia. Five genotypes of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) co-circulate in the geographically affected areas. In particular, the emergence of genotype I (GI) JEV has displaced genotype III (GIII) as the dominant circulating genotype in many Asian regions. However, all approved vaccine products are derived from GIII strains. In the present study, bioinformatic analysis revealed that GI and GIII JEV strains shared two distinct amino acid residues within the envelope (E) protein (E222 and E327). By using reverse genetics approaches, A222S and S327T mutations were demonstrated to decrease live-attenuated vaccine (LAV) SA14-14-2-induced neutralizing antibodies in humans, without altering viral replication. A222S or S327T mutations were then rationally engineered into the infectious clone of SA14-14-2, and the resulting mutant strains retained the same genetic stability and attenuation characteristics as the parent strain. More importantly, immunization of mice with LAV-A222S or LAV-S327T elicited increased neutralizing antibodies against GI strains. Together, these results demonstrated that E222 and E327 are potential genotype-related neutralization determinants and are critical in determining the protective efficacy of live Japanese encephalitis vaccine SA14-14-2 against circulating GI strains. Our findings will aid in the rational design of the next generation of Japanese encephalitis LAVs capable of providing broad protection against all JEV strains belonging to different genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Yan-Peng Xu
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Hong-Jiang Wang
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Zhong-Yu Liu
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Shi-Hua Li
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China.,Graduate School, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Qing-Gong Nian
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Yong-Qiang Deng
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - E-De Qin
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Cheng-Feng Qin
- Graduate School, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing 100071, PR China
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10
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Sariol CA, White LJ. Utility, limitations, and future of non-human primates for dengue research and vaccine development. Front Immunol 2014; 5:452. [PMID: 25309540 PMCID: PMC4174039 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is considered the most important emerging, human arboviruses, with worldwide distribution in the tropics. Unfortunately, there are no licensed dengue vaccines available or specific anti-viral drugs. The development of a dengue vaccine faces unique challenges. The four serotypes co-circulate in endemic areas, and pre-existing immunity to one serotype does not protect against infection with other serotypes, and actually may enhance severity of disease. One foremost constraint to test the efficacy of a dengue vaccine is the lack of an animal model that adequately recapitulates the clinical manifestations of a dengue infection in humans. In spite of this limitation, non-human primates (NHP) are considered the best available animal model to evaluate dengue vaccine candidates due to their genetic relatedness to humans and their ability to develop a viremia upon infection and a robust immune response similar to that in humans. Therefore, most dengue vaccines candidates are tested in primates before going into clinical trials. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of published studies on dengue vaccine evaluations using the NHP model, and discuss critical parameters affecting the usefulness of the model. In the light of recent clinical data, we assess the ability of the NHP model to predict immunological parameters of vaccine performances in humans and discuss parameters that should be further examined as potential correlates of protection. Finally, we propose some guidelines toward a more standardized use of the model to maximize its usefulness and to better compare the performance of vaccine candidates from different research groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Sariol
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, Caribbean Primate Research Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus , San Juan, PR , USA ; Department of Internal Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus , San Juan, PR , USA
| | - Laura J White
- Global Vaccine Incorporation , Research Triangle Park, NC , USA
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11
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The protein DIIIC-2, aggregated with a specific oligodeoxynucleotide and adjuvanted in alum, protects mice and monkeys against DENV-2. Immunol Cell Biol 2014; 93:57-66. [PMID: 25178969 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2014.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we reported the ability of the chimeric protein DIIIC-2 (domain III of the dengue envelope protein fused to the capsid protein of dengue-2 virus), to induce immunity and protection in mice, when it is highly aggregated with a non-defined oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) and adjuvanted in alum. In this work, three different defined ODNs were studied as aggregating agents. Our results suggest that the nature of the ODN influences the capacity of protein DIIIC-2 to activate cell-mediated immunity in mice. Consequently, the ODN 39M was selected to perform further experiments in mice and nonhuman primates. Mice receiving the preparation 39M-DIIIC-2 were solidly protected against dengue virus (DENV) challenge. Moreover, monkeys immunized with the same preparation developed neutralizing antibodies, as measured by four different neutralization tests varying the virus strains and the cell lines used. Two of the immunized monkeys were completely protected against challenge, whereas the third animal had a single day of low-titer viremia. This is the first work describing the induction of short-term protection in monkeys by a formulation that is suitable for human use combining a recombinant protein from DENV with alum.
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Sasaki T, Setthapramote C, Kurosu T, Nishimura M, Asai A, Omokoko MD, Pipattanaboon C, Pitaksajjakul P, Limkittikul K, Subchareon A, Chaichana P, Okabayashi T, Hirai I, Leaungwutiwong P, Misaki R, Fujiyama K, Ono KI, Okuno Y, Ramasoota P, Ikuta K. Dengue virus neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement activities of human monoclonal antibodies derived from dengue patients at acute phase of secondary infection. Antiviral Res 2013; 98:423-31. [PMID: 23545366 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Public health concern about dengue diseases, caused by mosquito-borne infections with four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV-1-DENV-4), is escalating in tropical and subtropical countries. Most of the severe dengue cases occur in patients experiencing a secondary infection with a serotype that is different from the first infection. This is believed to be due to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), by which one DENV serotype uses pre-existing anti-DENV antibodies elicited in the primary infection to facilitate entry of a different DENV serotype into the Fc receptor-positive macrophages. Recently, we prepared a number of hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs) by using peripheral blood lymphocytes from Thai patients at acute phase of secondary infection with DENV-2. Here, we characterized 17 HuMAbs prepared from two patients with dengue fever (DF) and one patient with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) that were selected as antibodies recognizing viral envelope protein and showing higher neutralization activity to all serotypes. In vivo evaluation using suckling mice revealed near perfect activity to prevent mouse lethality following intracerebral DENV-2 inoculation. In a THP-1 cell assay, these HuMAbs showed ADE activities against DENV-2 at similar levels between HuMAbs derived from DF and DHF patients. However, the F(ab')2 fragment of the HuMAb showed a similar virus neutralization activity as original, with no ADE activity. Thus, these HuMAbs could be one of the therapeutic candidates against DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Sasaki
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Japan
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Austin SK, Dowd KA, Shrestha B, Nelson CA, Edeling MA, Johnson S, Pierson TC, Diamond MS, Fremont DH. Structural basis of differential neutralization of DENV-1 genotypes by an antibody that recognizes a cryptic epitope. PLoS Pathog 2012; 8:e1002930. [PMID: 23055922 PMCID: PMC3464233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously developed a panel of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against Dengue virus (DENV)-1, of which few exhibited inhibitory activity against all DENV-1 genotypes. This finding is consistent with reports observing variable neutralization of different DENV strains and genotypes using serum from individuals that experienced natural infection or immunization. Herein, we describe the crystal structures of DENV1-E111 bound to a novel CC' loop epitope on domain III (DIII) of the E protein from two different DENV-1 genotypes. Docking of our structure onto the available cryo-electron microscopy models of DENV virions revealed that the DENV1-E111 epitope was inaccessible, suggesting that this antibody recognizes an uncharacterized virus conformation. While the affinity of binding between DENV1-E111 and DIII varied by genotype, we observed limited correlation with inhibitory activity. Instead, our results support the conclusion that potent neutralization depends on genotype-dependent exposure of the CC' loop epitope. These findings establish new structural complexity of the DENV virion, which may be relevant for the choice of DENV strain for induction or analysis of neutralizing antibodies in the context of vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Kyle Austin
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kimberly A. Dowd
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bimmi Shrestha
- Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Nelson
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Melissa A. Edeling
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Syd Johnson
- MacroGenics, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Theodore C. Pierson
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Diamond
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MSD); (DHF)
| | - Daved H. Fremont
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MSD); (DHF)
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Bowen DM, Lewis JA, Lu W, Schein CH. Simplifying complex sequence information: a PCP-consensus protein binds antibodies against all four Dengue serotypes. Vaccine 2012; 30:6081-7. [PMID: 22863657 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Designing proteins that reflect the natural variability of a pathogen is essential for developing novel vaccines and drugs. Flaviviruses, including Dengue (DENV) and West Nile (WNV), evolve rapidly and can "escape" neutralizing monoclonal antibodies by mutation. Designing antigens that represent many distinct strains is important for DENV, where infection with a strain from one of the four serotypes may lead to severe hemorrhagic disease on subsequent infection with a strain from another serotype. Here, a DENV physicochemical property (PCP)-consensus sequence was derived from 671 unique sequences from the Flavitrack database. PCP-consensus proteins for domain 3 of the envelope protein (EdomIII) were expressed from synthetic genes in Escherichia coli. The ability of the purified consensus proteins to bind polyclonal antibodies generated in response to infection with strains from each of the four DENV serotypes was determined. The initial consensus protein bound antibodies from DENV-1-3 in ELISA and Western blot assays. This sequence was altered in 3 steps to incorporate regions of maximum variability, identified as significant changes in the PCPs, characteristic of DENV-4 strains. The final protein was recognized by antibodies against all four serotypes. Two amino acids essential for efficient binding to all DENV antibodies are part of a discontinuous epitope previously defined for a neutralizing monoclonal antibody. The PCP-consensus method can significantly reduce the number of experiments required to define a multivalent antigen, which is particularly important when dealing with pathogens that must be tested at higher biosafety levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Bowen
- Computational Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0857, United States
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Murrell S, Wu SC, Butler M. Review of dengue virus and the development of a vaccine. Biotechnol Adv 2010; 29:239-47. [PMID: 21146601 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 11/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dengue viral infection has become an increasing global health concern with over two-fifths of the world's population at risk of infection. It is the most rapidly spreading vector borne disease, attributed to changing demographics, urbanization, environment, and global travel. It continues to be a threat in over 100 tropical and sub-tropical countries, affecting predominantly children. Dengue also carries a hefty financial burden on the health care systems in affected areas, as those infected seek care for their symptoms. The search for a suitable vaccine for dengue has been ongoing for the last sixty years, yet any effective treatment or vaccine remains elusive. A vaccine must be protective for all four serotypes of dengue and be cost-effective. Many approaches to developing candidate vaccines have been employed. The candidates include live attenuated tetravalent vaccines, chimeric tetravalent vaccines based on attenuated dengue virus or Yellow Fever 17D, and recombinant DNA vaccines based on flavivirus and non-flavivirus vectors. This review outlines the challenges involved in dengue vaccine development and presents the current stages of proposed vaccine candidate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Murrell
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Batra G, Raut R, Dahiya S, Kamran N, Swaminathan S, Khanna N. Pichia pastoris-expressed dengue virus type 2 envelope domain III elicits virus-neutralizing antibodies. J Virol Methods 2010; 167:10-6. [PMID: 20211204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A tetravalent dengue vaccine that can protect against all four serotypes of dengue viruses is a global priority. The host-receptor binding, multiple neutralizing epitope-containing carboxy-terminal region of the dengue envelope protein, known as domain III (EDIII), has emerged as a promising subunit vaccine antigen. One strategy to develop a tetravalent dengue subunit vaccine envisages mixing recombinant EDIIIs, corresponding to the four dengue virus serotypes. Towards this objective, a recombinant clone of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris, harboring the EDIII gene of dengue virus type 2 (EDIII-2) for its intracellular expression, was created. Recombinant EDIII-2 protein, expressed by this clone was purified to near homogeneity by affinity chromatography, with final yields of >50mg/l culture. Groups of Balb/c mice were immunized with this protein, separately formulated in two adjuvants, alum and montanide ISA 720. The EDIII-2 antigen, formulated in either adjuvant, elicited high levels of neutralizing antibodies to dengue virus type 2 in mice as analyzed by Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT). This study demonstrates the feasibility of using P. pastoris to produce EDIII antigens capable of eliciting potent virus-neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Batra
- Recombinant Gene Products Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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