1
|
Komina A, Krasnikov N, Kucheruk O, Zhukova E, Yuzhakov A, Gulyukin A. Distribution and genetic diversity of Feline calicivirus in Moscow metropolitan area. J Vet Sci 2022; 23:e92. [PMID: 36448438 PMCID: PMC9715382 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.22182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feline calicivirus (FCV) is widespread throughout the world. An FCV infection is associated with conjunctivitis, rhinitis, and mouth ulcers that can lead to the animal's death. Because vaccination is not always effective, it is necessary to monitor the infection regularly. OBJECTIVES This study examined the FCV epizootic situation in the Moscow metropolitan area by conducting a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the virus isolates. METHODS Samples from 6213 animals were examined by a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. For phylogenetic analysis, 12 nucleotide sequences obtained from animal samples were selected. Sequencing was performed using the Sanger method. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the Maximum Likelihood method. RESULTS The FCV genome was detected in 1,596 (25.7%) samples out of 6,213. In 2018, calicivirus was detected in 18.9% of samples, 27.8% in 2019, 21.4% in 2020, and 32.6% in 2021. Phylogenetic analysis of the F ORF2 region and the ORF3 start region led to division into two FCV genogroups. Most of the isolates (8 out of 12) were close to the Chinese strains. On the other hand, there were isolates closely related to European and American strains. The isolates circulating in Moscow were not included in clusters with vaccine strains; their nucleotide similarity varied from 77% to 83%. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a high prevalence and genetic diversity of the FCV in Moscow. The epizootic situation remains stably tense because 24 viruses were detected in 25% of animals annually.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Komina
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV” (FSC VIEV), Moscow 109428, Russia
| | - Nikita Krasnikov
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV” (FSC VIEV), Moscow 109428, Russia
| | - Oksana Kucheruk
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV” (FSC VIEV), Moscow 109428, Russia
| | - Elena Zhukova
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV” (FSC VIEV), Moscow 109428, Russia
| | - Anton Yuzhakov
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV” (FSC VIEV), Moscow 109428, Russia
| | - Alexey Gulyukin
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV” (FSC VIEV), Moscow 109428, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liang J, Zang M, Zhou Z. Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of capsid gene of feline calicivirus in Nanjing, China. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 103:105323. [PMID: 35777531 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a common and important pathogen in cats, typically resulting in upper respiratory tract disease or ulcerative oral lesions. Although there are large number of researches on FCV and vaccines against FCV have been widely used for years, the explanation for vaccination failure and further studies on the prevalence of FCV are still necessary in China. In this study, 86 nasopharyngeal swabs from pet cats with upper respiratory symptoms from several Nanjing animal hospitals were collected in 2020. Among them, 36 (41.86%) were positive for FCV. In addition, 13 FCV capsid genes were sequenced. The comparative analysis of linear B-cell epitopes of VP1 gene indicated that there were many amino acid variations existed among FCV vaccine strains and these strains currently circulating in Nanjing, which may relate to the failure of vaccination and maybe aid for future vaccine design. Besides, phylogenetic analysis of capsid gene revealed two genotypes. Except for the F86 strain, most of the strains were clustered with FCV I genotype, which indicated that FCV I genotype was the most prevalent genotype currently circulating in Nanjing. In conclusion, this study provided useful information as to the evolution and genetic variants of FCV in Nanjing, which is urgent for the future instructions of effective disease prevention and control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Liang
- College of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Minghui Zang
- College of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhenlei Zhou
- College of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pezzotti G, Boschetto F, Ohgitani E, Fujita Y, Zhu W, Marin E, McEntire BJ, Bal BS, Mazda O. Silicon nitride: a potent solid-state bioceramic inactivator of ssRNA viruses. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2977. [PMID: 33536558 PMCID: PMC7858580 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface inactivation of human microbial pathogens has a long history. The Smith Papyrus (2600 ~ 2200 B.C.) described the use of copper surfaces to sterilize chest wounds and drinking water. Brass and bronze on doorknobs can discourage microbial spread in hospitals, and metal-base surface coatings are used in hygiene-sensitive environments, both as inactivators and modulators of cellular immunity. A limitation of these approaches is that the reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) generated at metal surfaces also damage human cells by oxidizing their proteins and lipids. Silicon nitride (Si3N4) is a non-oxide ceramic compound with known surface bacterial resistance. We show here that off-stoichiometric reactions at Si3N4 surfaces are also capable of inactivating different types of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses independent of whether their structure presents an envelop or not. The antiviral property of Si3N4 derives from a hydrolysis reaction at its surface and the subsequent formation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in doses that could be metabolized by mammalian cells but are lethal to pathogens. Real-time reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests of viral RNA and in situ Raman spectroscopy suggested that the products of Si3N4 hydrolysis directly react with viral proteins and RNA. Si3N4 may have a role in controlling human epidemics related to ssRNA mutant viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pezzotti
- grid.419025.b0000 0001 0723 4764Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606–8585 Japan ,grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6–7-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160–0023 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, 2–2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565–0854 Japan ,grid.272458.e0000 0001 0667 4960Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kyoto, 602–8566 Japan ,grid.272458.e0000 0001 0667 4960Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602–8566 Japan
| | - Francesco Boschetto
- grid.419025.b0000 0001 0723 4764Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606–8585 Japan ,grid.272458.e0000 0001 0667 4960Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kyoto, 602–8566 Japan
| | - Eriko Ohgitani
- grid.272458.e0000 0001 0667 4960Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kyoto, 602–8566 Japan
| | - Yuki Fujita
- grid.419025.b0000 0001 0723 4764Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606–8585 Japan
| | - Wenliang Zhu
- grid.419025.b0000 0001 0723 4764Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606–8585 Japan
| | - Elia Marin
- grid.419025.b0000 0001 0723 4764Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606–8585 Japan ,grid.272458.e0000 0001 0667 4960Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602–8566 Japan
| | - Bryan J. McEntire
- grid.422391.f0000 0004 6010 3714SINTX Technologies Corporation, 1885 West 2100 South, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA
| | - B. Sonny Bal
- grid.422391.f0000 0004 6010 3714SINTX Technologies Corporation, 1885 West 2100 South, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA
| | - Osam Mazda
- grid.272458.e0000 0001 0667 4960Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kyoto, 602–8566 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yokoyama M, Oka T, Takagi H, Kojima H, Okabe T, Nagano T, Tohya Y, Sato H. A Proposal for a Structural Model of the Feline Calicivirus Protease Bound to the Substrate Peptide under Physiological Conditions. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1383. [PMID: 28790989 PMCID: PMC5524728 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) protease functions to cleave viral precursor proteins during productive infection. Previous studies have mapped a protease-coding region and six cleavage sites in viral precursor proteins. However, how the FCV protease interacts with its substrates remains unknown. To gain insights into the interactions, we constructed a molecular model of the FCV protease bound with the octapeptide containing a cleavage site of the capsid precursor protein by homology modeling and docking simulation. The complex model was used to screen for the substrate mimic from a chemical library by pharmacophore-based in silico screening. With this structure-based approach, we identified a compound that has physicochemical features and arrangement of the P3 and P4 sites of the substrate in the protease, is predicted to bind to FCV proteases in a mode similar to that of the authentic substrate, and has the ability to inhibit viral protease activity in vitro and in the cells, and to suppress viral replication in FCV-infected cells. The complex model was further subjected to molecular dynamics simulation to refine the enzyme-substrate interactions in solution. The simulation along with a variation study predicted that the authentic substrate and anti-FCV compound share a highly conserved binding site. These results suggest the validity of our in silico model for elucidating protease-substrate interactions during FCV replication and for developing antivirals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Yokoyama
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoichiro Oka
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Takagi
- Division of Biosafety Control and Research, National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyo, Japan
| | | | - Takayoshi Okabe
- Drug Discovery Initiative, The University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Nagano
- Drug Discovery Initiative, The University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinobu Tohya
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon UniversityFujisawa, Japan
| | - Hironori Sato
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Oka T, Lu Z, Phan T, Delwart EL, Saif LJ, Wang Q. Genetic Characterization and Classification of Human and Animal Sapoviruses. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156373. [PMID: 27228126 PMCID: PMC4881899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sapoviruses (SaVs) are enteric caliciviruses that have been detected in multiple mammalian species, including humans, pigs, mink, dogs, sea lions, chimpanzees, and rats. They show a high level of diversity. A SaV genome commonly encodes seven nonstructural proteins (NSs), including the RNA polymerase protein NS7, and two structural proteins (VP1 and VP2). We classified human and animal SaVs into 15 genogroups (G) based on available VP1 sequences, including three newly characterized genomes from this study. We sequenced the full length genomes of one new genogroup V (GV), one GVII and one GVIII porcine SaV using long range RT-PCR including newly designed forward primers located in the conserved motifs of the putative NS3, and also 5' RACE methods. We also determined the 5’- and 3’-ends of sea lion GV SaV and canine GXIII SaV. Although the complete genomic sequences of GIX-GXII, and GXV SaVs are unavailable, common features of SaV genomes include: 1) “GTG” at the 5′-end of the genome, and a short (9~14 nt) 5′-untranslated region; and 2) the first five amino acids (M [A/V] S [K/R] P) of the putative NS1 and the five amino acids (FEMEG) surrounding the putative cleavage site between NS7 and VP1 were conserved among the chimpanzee, two of five genogroups of pig (GV and GVIII), sea lion, canine, and human SaVs. In contrast, these two amino acid motifs were clearly different in three genogroups of porcine (GIII, GVI and GVII), and bat SaVs. Our results suggest that several animal SaVs have genetic similarities to human SaVs. However, the ability of SaVs to be transmitted between humans and animals is uncertain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoichiro Oka
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States of America
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zhongyan Lu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States of America
| | - Tung Phan
- Blood System Research Institute, 270 Masonic Avenue, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- University of California San Francisco, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Eric L. Delwart
- Blood System Research Institute, 270 Masonic Avenue, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- University of California San Francisco, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Linda J. Saif
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States of America
- * E-mail: (QW); (LJS)
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States of America
- * E-mail: (QW); (LJS)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tian J, Zhang X, Wu H, Liu C, Liu J, Hu X, Qu L. Assessment of the IFN-β response to four feline caliciviruses: Infection in CRFK cells. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2015; 34:352-60. [PMID: 26051884 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious pathogen with a widespread distribution. Although the cat genome has been sequenced, little is known about innate immunity in cats, which limits the understanding of FCV pathogenesis. To investigate the IFN-β response during FCV infection in CRFK cells, we first cloned and identified the feline IFN-β promoter sequence and the positive regulatory domain (PRD) motifs, which shared a high similarity with human and porcine IFN-β promoters. Next, we found that infections with FCV strains F9, Bolin and HRB-SS at the 100 or 1000 TCID50 doses could not activate the IFN-β promoter at 12 and 24h post-infection. Only strain 2280 infection at a 1000 TCID50 dose could induce the IFN-β promoter mainly through IRF3 and partially through NF-κB, at 24h post-infection. However, the IFN response occurred much later and was smaller in magnitude compared with that following Sendai virus (SeV) infection. Further, we found that induction of the IFN-β promoter by FCV 2280 infection depended on dsRNA and not on viral proteins. Finally, we examined whether the IFN-β response had an antiviral effect against FCV replication. The over-expression of IFN-β before exposure to the virus reduced viral yields by a range of 2.2-3.2 log10TCID50, but its over-expression at 12h post-infection did not inhibit FCV replication. Our results indicate that some FCV strains cannot induce IFN-β expression in vitro, which may be a potential factor for FCV survival in cats. Whether this is important in evading the host interferon response in vivo must be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xiaozhan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hongxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Chunguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jiasen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xiaoliang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Liandong Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|