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Cheng K, Fang LX, Ge QW, Wang D, He B, Lu JQ, Zhong ZX, Wang XR, Yu Y, Lian XL, Liao XP, Sun J, Liu YH. Emergence of fosA3 and bla CTX-M- 14 in Multidrug-Resistant Citrobacter freundii Isolates From Flowers and the Retail Environment in China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:586504. [PMID: 33613474 PMCID: PMC7893115 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.586504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the prevalence and transmission of the fosA3 gene among Citrobacter freundii isolates from flowers and the retail environments. We identified 11 fosfomycin-resistant C. freundii strains (>256 μg/mL) from 270 samples that included petals (n = 7), leaves (n = 2), dust (n = 1) and water (n = 1). These 11 isolates were multidrug-resistant and most were simultaneously resistant to fosfomycin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and amikacin. Consistently, all 11 isolates also possessed blaCTX–M–14, blaCMY–65/122, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, qnrS1, qnrB13/6/38 and rmtB. These fosA3-positive isolates were assigned to two distinct PFGE patterns and one (n = 9) predominated indicating clonal expansion of fosA3-positive isolates across flower markets and shops. Correspondingly, fosA3 was co-transferred with blaCTX–M–14via two plasmid types by conjugation possessing sizes of 110 kb (n = 9) and 260 kb (n = 2). Two representatives were fully sequenced and p12-1 and pS39-1 possessed one and two unclassified replicons, respectively. These plasmids shared a distinctive and conserved backbone in common with fosA3-carrying C. freundii and other Enterobacteriaceae from human and food animals. However, the fosA3-blaCTX–M–14-containing multidrug resistance regions on these untypable plasmids were highly heterogeneous. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of fosA3 and blaCTX–M–14 that were present in bacterial contaminants from flower shops and markets. These findings underscore a public health threat posed by untypable and transferable p12-1-like and pS39-1-like plasmids bearing fosA3-blaCTX–M–14 that could circulate among Enterobacteriaceae species and in particular C. freundi in environmental isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cheng
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Xing Fang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Wen Ge
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing He
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Qi Lu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Xing Zhong
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Ran Wang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Lei Lian
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Jia K, Yang N, Zhang X, Cai R, Zhang Y, Tian J, Raza SHA, Kang Y, Qian A, Li Y, Sun W, Shen J, Yao J, Shan X, Zhang L, Wang G. Genomic, Morphological and Functional Characterization of Virulent Bacteriophage IME-JL8 Targeting Citrobacter freundii. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:585261. [PMID: 33329451 PMCID: PMC7717962 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.585261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrobacter freundii refers to a fish pathogen extensively reported to be able to cause injury and high mortality. Phage therapy is considered a process to alternatively control bacterial infections and contaminations. In the present study, the isolation of a virulent bacteriophage IME-JL8 isolated from sewage was presented, and such bacteriophage was characterized to be able to infect Citrobacter freundii specifically. Phage IME-JL8 has been classified as the member of the Siphoviridae family, which exhibits the latent period of 30–40 min. The pH and thermal stability of phage IME-JL8 demonstrated that this bacteriophage achieved a pH range of 4–10 as well as a temperature range of 4, 25, and 37°C. As revealed from the results of whole genomic sequence analysis, IME-JL8 covers a double-stranded genome of 49,838 bp (exhibiting 47.96% G+C content), with 80 putative coding sequences contained. No bacterial virulence- or lysogenesis-related ORF was identified in the IME-JL8 genome, so it could be applicable to phage therapy. As indicated by the in vitro experiments, phage IME-JL8 is capable of effectively removing bacteria (the colony count decreased by 6.8 log units at 20 min), and biofilm can be formed in 24 h. According to the in vivo experiments, administrating IME-JL8 (1 × 107 PFU) was demonstrated to effectively protect the fish exhibiting a double median lethal dose (2 × 109 CFU/carp). Moreover, the phage treatment led to the decline of pro-inflammatory cytokines in carp with lethal infections. IME-JL8 was reported to induce efficient lysis of Citrobacter freundii both in vitro and in vivo, thereby demonstrating its potential as an alternative treatment strategy for infections attributed to Citrobacter freundii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiang Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Nuo Yang
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhang
- Research Management Office, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Ruopeng Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaxin Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Yuanhuan Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Aidong Qian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wuwen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinyu Shen
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Jiayun Yao
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Guiqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Li M, Li F, Mi Z, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Jiang Z, Pei G, Zhou L, Tong Y, Zhao B. Comparative genomics analysis of pTEM-2262, an MDR plasmid from Citrobacter freundii, harboring two unclassified replicons. Future Microbiol 2018; 13:1657-1668. [PMID: 30499345 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2018-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To genetically characterize the multidrug-resistance (MDR) plasmid pTEM-2262 that could not be classified into any known incompatibility group from the clinical Citrobacter freundii isolate 2262. MATERIALS & METHODS The repA or repB deletion mutants of pTEM-2262 were constructed using the scarless Cas9-assisted recombineering system. Comparative genomic analysis of pTEM-2262 and the other four previously sequenced plasmids belonging to the same incompatibility group were performed. RESULTS pTEM-2262, a conjugative plasmid, harbored two unclassified replicons, repA and repB, while repB was not essential for pTEM-2262 replication. In five analyzed plasmids, their conserved backbones primarily integrated massive accessory modules at two 'hotspots' that were located between orf597 and orf504, and between orf393 and orf405. All the antibiotic resistance genes of pTEM-2262 were clustered in the MDR region with a complex mosaic structure. CONCLUSION This study thoroughly investigates the detailed structure and genomic comparison of this unknown incompatibility group for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Li
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen & Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology & Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen & Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology & Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Yachao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen & Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology & Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Xianglilan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen & Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology & Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Zhaofang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen & Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology & Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Guangqian Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen & Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology & Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Yigang Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen & Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology & Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Baohua Zhao
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, PR China
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