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Srisai P, Chaiyadet S, Jumnainsong A, Suttiprapa S, Leelayuwat C, Saichua P. T helper cell responses to Opisthorchis viverrini infection associate with host susceptibility. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:135. [PMID: 38363354 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08154-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Opisthorchis viverrini infection is endemic in the lower Mekong subregion. The liver is an organ that worms are drawn to and cause damage. However, the immune-related susceptibility in the liver is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated T helper (Th) cell responses in the liver of BALB/c mice and golden Syrian hamsters during 2-28 days post-infection (DPI). We found that Th cell responses were distinct between mice and hamsters in terms of dynamics and polarization. Mice exhibited the early induction of Th1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) cells responses after the presence of O. viverrini worms at 2 DPI. In hamsters, the late induction of Th1/Th17, downregulation of Th2/Treg responses and early elevation of suppressive cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 were found together with swift reduction of Th cell numbers. Interestingly, expressions of IL-4 (Th2 functional cytokine) and Foxp3 (Treg lineage) were completely different between mice and hamsters which elevated in mice but suppressed in hamsters. These results suggest that early induction and well-regulation are related to host resistance. In contrast, late induction of Th cell response might allow immature worms to develop in the host. Our findings provide a greater understanding in Th cell response-related susceptibility in O. viverrini infection which would be targeting immunity for the development of immune-based intervention such as vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattaraporn Srisai
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Tropical Disease Research Center, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sujittra Chaiyadet
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Tropical Disease Research Center, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Amonrat Jumnainsong
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Tropical Disease Research Center, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chanvit Leelayuwat
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Prasert Saichua
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
- Tropical Disease Research Center, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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2
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Kovner A, Zaparina O, Kapushchak Y, Minkova G, Mordvinov V, Pakharukova M. Jagged-1/Notch Pathway and Key Transient Markers Involved in Biliary Fibrosis during Opisthorchis felineus Infection. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:364. [PMID: 36355906 PMCID: PMC9697314 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7110364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic opisthorchiasis associated with Opisthorchis felineus infection is accompanied by severe fibrotic complications. It is of high practical significance to elucidate the mechanisms of hepatic fibrosis in chronic infection dynamics. The goal of the study is to investigate the temporal profile of key markers and the Jagged1/Notch signaling pathway in the implementation of fibrosis in a chronic O. felineus infection. For the first time, using histological methods and real-time PCR analysis, we demonstrated the activation of the Jagged1/Notch pathway in liver fibrogenesis, including the activation of the Hes1 and Hey1 target genes during experimental opisthorchiasis in Mesocricetus auratus. Cluster analysis followed by regression analysis of key markers during the infection showed that Jagged1 and Mmp9have the greatest contribution to the development of cholangiofibrosis and periductal fibrosis. Moreover, we detected a significant increase in the number of Jagged1-positive cells in the liver of chronic opisthorchiasis patients compared to that of the control group without infection. The results of the study are extremely informative both in terms of investigation both diverse fibrosis mechanisms as well as potential targets in complex antihelmintic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kovner
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Oxana Zaparina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Kapushchak
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Galina Minkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Viatcheslav Mordvinov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Maria Pakharukova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Subdivision of FRC FTM, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
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3
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Avgustinovich D, Kizimenko A, Marenina M, Lvova M, Kovner A, Orlovskaya I, Toporkova L, Goiman E, Tsyganov M, Ponomarev D. Prolonged liver fluke infection combined with alcoholization: An experimental mouse model. Exp Parasitol 2022; 242:108399. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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4
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Pakharukova MY, Mordvinov VA. Similarities and differences among the Opisthorchiidae liver flukes: insights from Opisthorchis felineus. Parasitology 2022; 149:1306-1318. [PMID: 35570685 PMCID: PMC11010525 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The foodborne liver trematode Opisthorchis felineus (Rivolta, 1884) is a member of the triad of phylogenetically related epidemiologically important Opisthorchiidae trematodes, which also includes O. viverrini (Poirier, 1886) and Clonorchis sinensis (Loos, 1907). Despite similarity in the life cycle, Opisthorchiidae liver flukes also have marked differences. Two species (O. viverrini and C. sinensis) are recognized as Group 1A biological carcinogens, whereas O. felineus belongs to Group 3A. In this review, we focus on these questions: Are there actual differences in carcinogenicity among these 3 liver fluke species? Is there an explanation for these differences? We provide a recent update of our knowledge on the liver fluke O. felineus and highlight its differences from O. viverrini and C. sinensis. In particular, we concentrate on differences in the climate of endemic areas, characteristics of the life cycle, the range of intermediate hosts, genomic and transcriptomic features of the pathogens, and clinical symptoms and morbidity of the infections in humans. The discussion of these questions can stimulate new developments in comparative studies on the pathogenicity of liver flukes and should help to identify species-specific features of opisthorchiasis and clonorchiasis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Y. Pakharukova
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Viatcheslav A. Mordvinov
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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5
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Thanaphongdecha P, Chamgramol Y, Pairojkul C, Deenonpoe R, Suttiprapa S, Brindley PJ, Sripa B. Adherence of Helicobacter pylori to Opisthorchis viverrini gut epithelium and the tegument mediated via L-fucose binding adhesin. Parasitology 2022; 149:1374-1379. [PMID: 35485645 PMCID: PMC11010504 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022000592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports implicate both the liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini as a reservoir of Helicobacter pylori within the human gastrointestinal tract and H. pylori in the pathogenesis of opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma. We postulated that adherence of bacterial ligands to host receptors initiates colonization of the live fluke by H. pylori and here we aimed to assess the molecular interaction between O. viverrini and H. pylori by investigating host receptors for H. pylori in the fluke. Several known receptors of H. pylori including Lewis B, sialyl-Lewis X, Toll-like receptor 4 and L-fucose were detected immunohistochemically and histochemically by focusing analysis on the gut epithelium and tegument of the adult stage of the fluke. The frequency of detection of Lewis B, sialyl-Lewis X, TLR4 and L-fucose in 100 individual worms was 3, 3, 19 and 70%, respectively. Detection of H. pylori by a diagnostic ureA gene-based PCR assay revealed the presence of H. pylori in individual O. viverrini worms in 41 of 49 (79%) worms examined. In addition, numbers of bacteria decreased in a dose- and time-dependent fashion following exposure to fucosidase. These findings suggested that L-fucose represents a tractable receptor for H. pylori that can mediate bacterial colonization of the gut of O. viverrini.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prissadee Thanaphongdecha
- Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Yaovalux Chamgramol
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Pairojkul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Raksawan Deenonpoe
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Paul J. Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Tropical Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington DC 20037, USA
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Phung HTT, Deenonpoe R, Suttiprapa S, Mairiang E, Edwards SW, Sripa B. Persistent advanced periductal fibrosis is associated with cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori infection in post-praziquantel treatment of opisthorchiasis. Helicobacter 2022; 27:e12897. [PMID: 35527695 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver fluke infection caused by Opisthorchis viverrini is associated with several hepatobiliary diseases including advanced periductal fibrosis (APF) and cholangiocarcinoma. Recently, we demonstrated a persistent APF in over one-third of opisthorchiasis patients after worm removal by praziquantel (PZQ) treatment. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of this phenomena is unclear. Given a co-infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) especially cagA-positive strain enhances APF, we hypothesized that H. pylori with CagA virulent factor contributes to persistent APF. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-five opisthorchiasis patients who underwent ultrasonography and treatment with PZQ were recruited in the 2-year follow-up study. Helicobacter and its cagA in the feces were examined by conventional and qPCR. Correlations between prevalence or bacterial loads of Helicobacter spp., H. pylori, and cagA-positive H. pylori before and after PZQ treatment were analyzed among resolved, slowly resolved, relapsed, and persistent APF groups. RESULTS Overall, prevalence of Helicobacter spp., H. pylori, and cagA-positive H. pylori declined after PZQ treatment. However, only the prevalence and bacterial loads of cagA-positive H. pylori detected at 2-year post-treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (p < .05). In addition, both prevalence and bacterial loads of cagA-positive H. pylori were significantly lower in the resolved APF group after PZQ treatment, while there were no significant changes in the slowly resolved, relapsed, and persistent APF groups. Among the APF subgroups, cagA-positive H. pylori prevalence in both relapsed and persistent APF groups were significantly higher than the resolved APF group. CONCLUSION The results support our hypothesis that H. pylori, especially cagA-positive strain, contributes to the relapsed and persistent APF. A supplementary antibiotic treatment for H. pylori to reduce persistent APF and eventually CCA is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Thi Thu Phung
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Raksawan Deenonpoe
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Eimorn Mairiang
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Steven W Edwards
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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7
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Pakharukova MY, Zaparina O, Baginskaya NV, Mordvinov VA. Global changes in gene expression related to Opisthorchis felineus liver fluke infection reveal temporal heterogeneity of a mammalian host response. Food Waterborne Parasitol 2022; 27:e00159. [PMID: 35542180 PMCID: PMC9079687 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2022.e00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The food-borne trematode Opisthorchis felineus colonizes bile ducts of the liver of fish-eating mammals including humans. Among chronically infected individuals, this opisthorchiasis involves hepatobiliary problems, including chronic inflammation, periductal fibrosis, biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, and even cholangiocarcinoma. Despite numerous studies at the pathomorphological level, the systemic response and cellular pathogenesis of these disorders are not well studied. To conduct in-depth research and to gain insights into the mechanism by which O. felineus infection causes precancerous liver lesions, we (i) applied a next-generation-sequencing–based technology (high-throughput mRNA sequencing) to identify differentially expressed genes in the liver of golden hamsters infected with O. felineus at 1 and 3 months postinfection and (ii) verified the most pronounced changes in gene expression by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. A total of 2151 genes were found to be differentially expressed between uninfected and infected hamsters (“infection” factor), whereas 371 genes were differentially expressed when we analyzed “time × infection” interaction. Cluster analysis revealed that sets of activated genes of cellular pathways were different between acute (1 month postinfection) and chronic (3 months postinfection) opisthorchiasis. This enriched KEGG pathways were “Cell adhesion molecules”, “Hippo signaling”, “ECM-receptor interaction”, “Cell cycle”, “TGF-beta”, and “P53 signaling”. Moreover, epithelial–mesenchymal transition was the most enriched (q-value = 2.2E-07) MSigDB hallmark in the set of differentially expressed genes of all O. felineus–infected animals. Transcriptomic data were supported by the results of western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealing the upregulation of vimentin, N-cadherin, and α-smooth muscle actin postinfection. Our data expand knowledge about global changes in gene expression in the O. felineus–infected host liver and contribute to understanding the biliary neoplasia associated with the liver fluke infection. A total of 2151 genes were found to be differentially expressed during the infection. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition was the most enriched process in the infected animals. Different pathways were activated between acute and chronic opisthorchiasis.
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Ashraf AA, Gamal SM, Ashour H, Aboulhoda BE, Rashed LA, Harb IA, Abdelfattah GH, El-Seidi EA, Shawky HM. Investigating Helicobacter pylori-related pyloric hypomotility: functional, histological, and molecular alterations. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G461-G476. [PMID: 34431405 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00364.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Multiple theories have been proposed describing the pathogenic mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastric motility disorders. We assessed ex vivo pyloric activity in H. pylori-infected rats, and tried to explore the associated ghrelin hormone alteration and pyloric fibrogenesis. In addition, miR-1 was assessed in pyloric tissue samples, being recently accused of having a role in smooth muscle dysfunction. Ninety adult male Wistar albino rats were assigned into nine groups: 1) control group, 2) sterile broth (vehicle group), 3) amoxicillin control, 4) omeperazole control, 5) clarithromycin control, 6) triple therapy control, 7) H. pylori- group, 8) H. pylori-clarithromycin group, and 9) H. pylori-triple therapy group. Urease enzyme activity was applied as an indicator of H. pylori infection. Ex vivo pyloric contractility was evaluated. Serum ghrelin was assessed, and histological tissue evaluation was performed. Besides, pyloric muscle miR-1 expression was measured. The immunological epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers; transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and E-cadherin-3 were also evaluated. By H. pylori infection, a significant (P < 0.001) reduced pyloric contractility index was recorded. The miR-1 expression was decreased (P < 0.001) in the H. pylori-infected group, associated with reduced serum ghrelin, elevated TGFβ, and α-SMA levels and reduced E-cadherin levels. Decreased miR-1 and disturbed molecular pattern were improved by treatment. In conclusion, H. pylori infection was associated with reduced miR-1, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and pyloric hypomotility. The miR-1 may be a target for further studies to assess its possible involvement in H. pylori-associated pyloric dysfunction, which might help in the management of human H. pylori manifestations and complications.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work is investigating functional, histopathological, and molecular changes underlying Helicobacter pylori hypomotility and is correlating these with miR-1, whose disturbance is supposed to be involved in smooth muscle dysfunction and cell proliferation according to literature. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition and reduced ghrelin hormone may contribute to H. pylori infection-associated hypomotility. H. pylori infection was associated with reduced pyloric miR-1 expression. Targeting miR-1 could be valuable in the clinical management of pyloric hypofunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Aly Ashraf
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sarah Mahmoud Gamal
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hend Ashour
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Basma Emad Aboulhoda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Inas Anas Harb
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gaber Hassan Abdelfattah
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Eman Ahmed El-Seidi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba Mohamed Shawky
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Dangtakot R, Intuyod K, Chamgramol Y, Pairojkul C, Pinlaor S, Jantawong C, Pongking T, Haonon O, Ma N, Pinlaor P. Reply to letter to the editor. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12831. [PMID: 34232539 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rungtiwa Dangtakot
- Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kitti Intuyod
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Yaovalux Chamgramol
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Pairojkul
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Somchai Pinlaor
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand
| | - Chanakan Jantawong
- Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thatsanapong Pongking
- Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ornuma Haonon
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Nakhonratchasima College, Nakhonratchasima, Thailand
| | - Ning Ma
- Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Porntip Pinlaor
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand
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10
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Jala I, Almanfaluthi ML, Laha T, Kanthawong S, Tangkawattana S, Saichua P, Suttiprapa S, Sripa B. Helicobacter pylori GroEL Seropositivity Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Opisthorchis viverrini-Associated Hepatobiliary Abnormalities and Cholangiocarcinoma. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2021; 59:363-368. [PMID: 34470087 PMCID: PMC8413853 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the synergistic effect of Opisthorchis viverrini and Helicobacter pylori co-infection on pathogenesis of severe hepatobiliary abnormalities (HBA) including advanced periductal fibrosis and replace with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) have been established, the immune response to H. pylori in O. viverrini infected population has never been explored. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the antibody responses to 2 immunogenic H. pylori proteins in O. viverrini-infected patients with HBA and CCA. The risk analysis by multinomial logistic regression revealed that GroEL seropositivity was associated with higher risks of hepatobiliary abnormalities and CCA with adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 2.11 (95% CI=1.20-3.71, P=0.008) and 2.13 (95% CI=1.21-3.75, P=0.009), respectively. These findings indicate that GroEL seropositivity might be a biomarker for early detection of O. viverrini associated HBA and CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Jala
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program (International Program), Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Luthfi Almanfaluthi
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program (International Program), Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thewarach Laha
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sakawrat Kanthawong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sirikachorn Tangkawattana
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Prasert Saichua
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program (International Program), Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program (International Program), Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Banchob Sripa
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Ahmed AFM, El-Sayad MH, Ali HS, El-Taweel HA. Impact of Coinfection with Schistosoma mansoni on the Antibody Response to Helicobacter pylori. Acta Parasitol 2021; 66:857-862. [PMID: 33598776 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-020-00330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In many tropical areas, the coinfection of Schistosoma spp. and other pathogens is frequent. The impact of schistosomiasis on other infections has been demonstrated for several organisms. Infection with the widely spread bacterium, Helicobacter pylori, has been linked to ulcers and tumors of the digestive system with the humoral immune response playing possible modulatory roles. The present study investigated the impact of patent S. mansoni infection on the antibody response to H. pylori. METHODS A total of 100 participants from a schistosomiasis endemic area in Egypt were enrolled in the study. Based on the detection of S. mansoni eggs and H. pylori coproantigen in fecal samples, they were equally divided into four groups: schistosomiasis, concomitant S. mansoni and H. pylori infection, H. pylori infection alone, and healthy controls. Anti-H. pylori IgG and IgA were determined in serum samples using ELISA. RESULTS A significantly lower IgA seropositivity rate and significantly lower IgG levels were found in patients with concomitant schistosomiasis (Gp2) compared to those infected only with H. pylori (Gp1). CONCLUSIONS Concomitant S. mansoni infection with light to moderate intensity alters serological responses to H. pylori. In schistosomiasis endemic areas, the routine examination for H. pylori infection should, therefore, rely on coproantigen level rather than antibody levels. Further studies should investigate histopathological changes and other immunological parameters in coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Fawzy Mosa Ahmed
- Parasitology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165, Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona Hassan El-Sayad
- Parasitology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165, Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hala Shehata Ali
- Parasitology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165, Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hend Aly El-Taweel
- Parasitology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165, Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Suyapoh W, Tirnitz-Parker JEE, Tangkawattana S, Suttiprapa S, Sripa B. Biliary Migration, Colonization, and Pathogenesis of O. viverrini Co-Infected with CagA+ Helicobacter pylori. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10091089. [PMID: 34578122 PMCID: PMC8469007 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-infection with the cagA strain of Helicobacter pylori exacerbates the pathology of human liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection leading to cholangiocarcinoma. However, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We report a significant increase in cagA-positive and cagA-negative H. pylori in the stomach, blood, bile, and in the OV worms of co-infected Syrian golden hamsters at one hour, three hours, and one month, post-infection, compared to hamsters infected with either OV or H. pylori alone. Except in the worms, H. pylori numbers declined at three months post-infection, particularly in the bile fluid of co-infected animals. Both strains of H. pylori were immunohistochemically detected in the tegument of the worm, as well as in the bile duct epithelium when co-infected with O. viverrine, but not in H. pylori infection alone. Interestingly, only the cagA-positive strain was detected in the gut of the worm. Co-infection between cagA-positive H. pylori and O. viverrini resulted in a more severe biliary pathology and decreased E-cadherin expression in vivo and in vitro than those of the cagA-negative strain. These data suggest that O. viverrini acts as a carrier of cagA-positive H. pylori and co-migrates to the bile ducts, whereas O. viverrini facilitates H. pylori colonization and enhances the biliary pathogenesis and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watcharapol Suyapoh
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Janina E. E. Tirnitz-Parker
- Liver Disease and Regeneration Group, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia;
| | - Sirikachorn Tangkawattana
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.T.); (S.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.T.); (S.S.)
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Banchob Sripa
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.T.); (S.S.)
- Tropical Disease Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-62-6080860; Fax: +66-43-363319
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Dangtakot R, Intuyod K, Chamgramol Y, Pairojkul C, Pinlaor S, Jantawong C, Pongking T, Haonon O, Ma N, Pinlaor P. CagA + Helicobacter pylori infection and N-nitrosodimethylamine administration induce cholangiocarcinoma development in hamsters. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12817. [PMID: 34031944 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (HP) has been detected in the hepatobiliary tract of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients in regions both endemic and non-endemic for Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection. However, whether H. pylori infection promotes CCA development remains unknown. We investigated CCA development in hamsters induced by a combination of infection with H. pylori and administration of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and compared findings with those in an OV plus NDMA group. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-five hamsters were divided into four groups: (1) normal, (2) administered NDMA, (3) infected with cagA+ H. pylori and administered NDMA (HN group), and (4) infected with OV and administered NDMA (ON group). Animals were euthanized at 3 and 6 months post-infection. Histopathological changes of liver and the expression of markers associated with carcinogenesis were studied. RESULTS At 3 months post-infection (p.i.), cholangitis and lymphoid follicles without tumor appearance were noted in the HN group, whereas extensive fibrosis was seen in members of the ON group, 10% of which had developed tumors. At 6 months p.i., 10% of hamsters administered NDMA alone had developed CCA, whereas in the HN and ON groups, 20% and 60% of hamsters, respectively, had developed CCA. Cytokeratin-19 (CK19) expression was observed in the CCA tissues of both the HN and the ON groups, confirming the bile duct origin of the CCA cells. CCA development in the HN group might be inflammation-mediated, as suggested by overexpression of HMGB1, PCNA, IL-8, and 8-OxodG in CCA tissues. CONCLUSION cagA+ H. pylori infection and carcinogen intake can induce CCA development with slow progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rungtiwa Dangtakot
- Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kitti Intuyod
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Yaovalux Chamgramol
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Pairojkul
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Somchai Pinlaor
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chanakan Jantawong
- Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thatsanapong Pongking
- Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ornuma Haonon
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Nakhonratchasima College, Nakhonratchasima, Thailand
| | - Ning Ma
- Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Porntip Pinlaor
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand
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A comparative study of Helicobacter pylori infection in hamsters experimentally infected with liver flukes Opisthorchis felineus, Opisthorchis viverrini, or Clonorchis sinensis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7789. [PMID: 33833389 PMCID: PMC8032737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori causes a wide range of human diseases including cancer. Carcinogenic foodborne trematodes Opisthorchis viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis, and O. felineus might promote transmission and spread of H. pylori infection in the definitive mammalian host, which in turn might contribute to the liver fluke-associated malignancy. Our objectives were to find out whether liver flukes O. felineus, O. viverrini, and C. sinensis are carriers of Helicobacter pylori and to determine whether H. pylori is present in feces, bile, and stomach samples from the experimentally infected hamsters. We found that liver flukes are not reservoirs of H. pylori. Nevertheless, the prevalence of H. pylori and the H. pylori ureA gene copy number were significantly elevated after the infection. Overall, although the liver flukes O. felineus, C. sinensis, and O. viverrini are not reservoirs of H. pylori, the infection with the liver flukes significantly modifies the biliary and gut microbiota by increasing H. pylori abundance. This may be a feature of any liver fluke pathogenesis that have not previously been taken into account. Our findings appear to be novel in terms of comparative assessment of the host microbiota and Helicobacter abundance during epidemiologically important liver fluke infections.
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15
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Suyapoh W, Tangkawattana S, Suttiprapa S, Punyapornwithaya V, Tangkawattana P, Sripa B. Synergistic effects of cagA+ Helicobacter pylori co-infected with Opisthorchis viverrini on hepatobiliary pathology in hamsters. Acta Trop 2021; 213:105740. [PMID: 33159904 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human liver fluke infection caused by Opisthorchis viverrini is associated with several biliary diseases including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Recently, it was discovered that the liver fluke is a reservoir of Helicobacter pylori, particularly the cagA-positive strain (cytotoxin-associated gene A) in its gut. Given that two carcinogenic pathogens are associated with CCA development, however, the role of cagA-positive H. pylori in opisthorchiasis has not been clarified. The present study was therefore aimed to investigate histopathological changes of the biliary system in hamsters co-infected with O. viverrini and cagA-positive H. pylori or O. viverrini and cagA-negative H. pylori, with controls of O. viverrini, cagA-positive H. pylori, or cagA-negative H. pylori alone, over time. Major histopathological changes were systematically investigated. All pathological features were quantified/semi-quantified and compared among the experimental groups. The results showed that O. viverrini infection groups (O. viverrini, cagA-positive H. pylori and cagA-negative H. pylori) showed a high degree of eosinophil and mononuclear cell infiltration, lymphoid aggregation and granuloma. Specifically, O. viverrini co-infected with cagA-positive H. pylori presented significantly higher inflammatory scores than O. viverrini and O. viverrini with cagA-positive H. pylori. Proliferation and adaptive lesions such as hyperplasia, goblet cell metaplasia and dysplasia were detected only in O. viverrini infection groups. Dysplasia, the precancerous lesion of CCA, was observed in the first-order bile ducts, especially where the inflammation existed and was found earlier and more severely in O. viverrini with cagA-positive H. pylori than other groups. Similarly, the BrdU (bromodeoxyuridine) proliferation index was significantly higher in O. viverrini co-infected with cagA-positive H. pylori than O. viverrini and O. viverrini with cagA-negative H. pylori groups. Periductal fibrosis was a prominent histopathologic feature in chronic infection in O. viverrini infection groups. Multiple logistic regression showed that O. viverrini co-infected with cagA-positive H. pylori and the duration of infection were the most important factors associated with periductal fibrosis (OR 3.02, 95% CI 1.02-9.29, p = 0.04 and OR 3.82, 95% CI 2.61-5.97, p<0.001). This study demonstrates that the liver fluke co-infected with cagA-positive H. pylori induces severe biliary pathology that may predispose to cholangiocarcinogenesis.
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16
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Omarova KG, Aleshina NI, Ponezhevа ZB, Gorelov AV, Maleev VV, Akimkin VG. [Risks of oncologic pathology in parasitosis at the present time]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2020; 92:82-85. [PMID: 33720610 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2020.11.000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An analysis of published literature data on the relationship of parasitic diseases and oncogenesis is carried out. Current knowledge about the association of parasitic infections and cancer formation has revealed several carcinogenic mechanisms, but the severity of the relationship between parasites and cancer formation (except for schistosome, opisthorchis and clonorchis) should be confirmed in future experimental and population studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - V V Maleev
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology
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17
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Ketpueak T, Thiennimitr P, Apaijai N, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Association of Chronic Opisthorchis Infestation and Microbiota Alteration on Tumorigenesis in Cholangiocarcinoma. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2020; 12:e00292. [PMID: 33464733 PMCID: PMC8345922 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a common hepatobiliary cancer in East and Southeast Asia. The data of microbiota contribution in CCA are still unclear. Current available reports have demonstrated that an Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection leads to dysbiosis in the bile duct. An increase in the commensal bacteria Helicobacter spp. in OV-infected CCA patients is associated with bile duct inflammation, severity of bile duct fibrosis, and cholangiocyte proliferation. In addition, secondary bile acids, major microbial metabolites, can mediate cholangiocyte inflammation and proliferation in the liver. A range of samples from CCA patients (stool, bile, and tumor) showed different degrees of dysbiosis. The evidence from these samples suggests that OV infection is associated with alterations in microbiota and could potentially have a role in CCA. In this comprehensive review, reports from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies that demonstrate possible links between OV infection, microbiota, and CCA pathogenesis are summarized and discussed. Understanding these associations may pave ways for novel potential adjunct intervention in gut microbiota in CCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanika Ketpueak
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Parameth Thiennimitr
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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18
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Association between renal function and co-infection with Clonorchis sinensis and Helicobacter pylori: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:868. [PMID: 33213417 PMCID: PMC7678138 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05616-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that liver fluke infections may be associated with kidney injury and that Helicobacter pylori (Hp) may be involved in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. However, no studies have reported the relationship between co-infection with Clonorchis sinensis (Cs) and Hp and renal function. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between co-infection with Cs and Hp and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in a general population, and gender-related differences were also investigated. Methods In the cross-sectional study, 4122 subjects from the Health Examination Center of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from January 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled. All participants underwent stool examination for the diagnosis of Cs infection and 13C-urea breath test (UBT) for the diagnosis of Hp infection. Participants were categorized into four groups: (1) co-infection with Cs and Hp group comprising 207 cases (Hp(+) + Cs(+) group), (2) Cs infection group comprising 1392 cases (Hp(−) + Cs(+)group), (3) Hp infection group comprising 275 cases (Hp(+) + Cs(−) group), and (4) non-infection group comprising 2248 cases (Hp(−) + Cs(−) group). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between co-infection with Cs and Hp and eGFR. Results Hp infection without Cs infection was present in 6.67% (275/4122) of subjects, while Cs infection without Hp infection was present in 33.77% (1392/4122) of subjects. Co-infection with Hp and Cs were present in 5.02% (207/4122) of subjects. Median age of the participants was 43 years (IQR 35–51). Most of the participants were male (2955/4122, 71.69%). Median eGFR was 96.61 ml/min/1.73 m2 (IQR 85.05–106.24). Co-infection with Cs and Hp was negatively associated with eGFR after full adjusting (β = − 1.89, 95% CI: − 3.33 to − 0.45, p = 0.01). The relationship remained significant in females (β = − 9.37, 95% CI: − 11.60 to − 7.1, p < 0.001), but not in males. Conclusion Our findings suggest that co-infection with Cs and Hp may be associated with reduced renal function in females, but not in males. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-020-05616-0.
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Dheilly NM, Martínez Martínez J, Rosario K, Brindley PJ, Fichorova RN, Kaye JZ, Kohl KD, Knoll LJ, Lukeš J, Perkins SL, Poulin R, Schriml L, Thompson LR. Parasite microbiome project: Grand challenges. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1008028. [PMID: 31600339 PMCID: PMC6786532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nolwenn M. Dheilly
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (NMD); (JMM)
| | - Joaquín Martínez Martínez
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, Maine, United States of America
- * E-mail: (NMD); (JMM)
| | - Karyna Rosario
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States of America
| | - Paul J. Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Raina N. Fichorova
- Genital Tract Biology Division, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Z. Kaye
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin D. Kohl
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Laura J. Knoll
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Julius Lukeš
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic
| | - Susan L. Perkins
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Robert Poulin
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lynn Schriml
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Luke R. Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences and Northern Gulf Institute, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, United States of America
- Ocean Chemistry and Ecosystems Division, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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20
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Dheilly NM, Ewald PW, Brindley PJ, Fichorova RN, Thomas F. Parasite-microbe-host interactions and cancer risk. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007912. [PMID: 31415672 PMCID: PMC6695093 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nolwenn M. Dheilly
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Paul W. Ewald
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Paul J. Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Raina N. Fichorova
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Pakharukova MY, Zaparina OG, Kapushchak YK, Baginskaya NV, Mordvinov VA. Opisthorchis felineus infection provokes time-dependent accumulation of oxidative hepatobiliary lesions in the injured hamster liver. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216757. [PMID: 31086416 PMCID: PMC6516637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Opisthorchiasis caused by food-borne trematode Opisthorchis felineus is a substantial public health problem, with 17 million persons infected worldwide. This chronic disease is associated with hepatobiliary inflammation, cholangiocyte dysplasia, cholangiofibrosis, intraepithelial neoplasia, and even cholangiocarcinoma among chronically infected individuals. To provide first insights into the mechanism by which O. felineus infection causes precancerous liver lesions, we investigated the level of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation byproducts and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine) as well as the time course profiles of chronic inflammation and fibrogenesis markers in the dynamics of opisthorchiasis from 1 month to 1.5 years postinfection in an experimental model based on golden hamsters Mesocricetus auratus. For the first time, we showed that O. felineus infection provokes time-dependent accumulation of oxidative hepatobiliary lesions in the injured liver of hamsters. In particular, over the course of infection, lipid peroxidation byproducts 4-hydroxynonenal and malondialdehyde were upregulated; these changes in general correlate with the dynamics of hepatic histopathological changes. We detected macrophages with various immunophenotypes and elevated levels of CD68, COX2, and CD163 in the O. felineus–infected animals. Meanwhile, there was direct time-dependent elevation of TNF-α (R = 0.79; p < 0.001) and CD163 protein levels (R = 0.58; p = 0.022). We also provide quantitative data about epithelial hyperplasia marker CK7 and a marker of myofibroblast activation (α smooth muscle actin). Our present data provide first insights into the histopathological mechanism by which O. felineus infection causes liver injuries. These findings support the inclusion of O. felineus in Group 1 of biological carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Y. Pakharukova
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Oxana G. Zaparina
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yaroslav K. Kapushchak
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nina V. Baginskaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Viatcheslav A. Mordvinov
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Mabbott NA. The Influence of Parasite Infections on Host Immunity to Co-infection With Other Pathogens. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2579. [PMID: 30467504 PMCID: PMC6237250 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasites have evolved a wide range of mechanisms that they use to evade or manipulate the host's immune response and establish infection. The majority of the in vivo studies that have investigated these host-parasite interactions have been undertaken in experimental animals, especially rodents, which were housed and maintained to a high microbiological status. However, in the field situation it is increasingly apparent that pathogen co-infections within the same host are a common occurrence. For example, chronic infection with pathogens including malarial parasites, soil-transmitted helminths, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and viruses such as HIV may affect a third of the human population of some developing countries. Increasing evidence shows that co-infection with these pathogens may alter susceptibility to other important pathogens, and/or influence vaccine efficacy through their effects on host immune responsiveness. Co-infection with certain pathogens may also hinder accurate disease diagnosis. This review summarizes our current understanding of how the host's immune response to infection with different types of parasites can influence susceptibility to infection with other pathogenic microorganisms. A greater understanding of how infectious disease susceptibility and pathogenesis can be influenced by parasite co-infections will enhance disease diagnosis and the design of novel vaccines or therapeutics to more effectively control the spread of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil A Mabbott
- The Roslin Institute & Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Prueksapanich P, Piyachaturawat P, Aumpansub P, Ridtitid W, Chaiteerakij R, Rerknimitr R. Liver Fluke-Associated Biliary Tract Cancer. Gut Liver 2018; 12:236-245. [PMID: 28783896 PMCID: PMC5945254 DOI: 10.5009/gnl17102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive cancer arising from epithelial cells of the bile duct. Most patients with CCA have an unresectable tumor at the time of diagnosis. In Western countries, the risk of CCA increases in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis, whereas liver fluke infection appears to be the major risk factor for CCA in Asian countries. A diagnosis of liver fluke infection often relies on stool samples, including microscopic examination, polymerase chain reaction-based assays, and fluke antigen detection. Tests of serum, saliva and urine samples are also potentially diagnostic. The presence of liver fluke along with exogenous carcinogens magnifies the risk of CCA in people living in endemic areas. The “liver fluke-cholangiocarcinoma” carcinogenesis pathways consist of mechanical damage to the bile duct epithelium, immunopathologic and cellular reactions to the liver fluke’s antigens and excretory/secretory products, liver fluke-induced changes in the biliary tract microbiome and the effects of repeated treatment for liver fluke. A vaccine and novel biomarkers are needed for the primary and secondary prevention of CCA in endemic areas. Importantly, climate change exerts an effect on vector-borne parasitic diseases, and awareness of liver fluke should be enhanced in potentially migrated habitat areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyapan Prueksapanich
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panida Piyachaturawat
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapimphan Aumpansub
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wiriyaporn Ridtitid
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Roongruedee Chaiteerakij
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungsun Rerknimitr
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
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24
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Saltykova IV, Petrov VA, Brindley PJ. Opisthorchiasis and the Microbiome. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2018; 102:1-23. [PMID: 30442306 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The liver flukes Opisthorchis viverrini, O. felineus, and Clonorchis sinensis are closely related fish-borne trematodes endemic in East Asia, Eurasia, and Siberia. Following ingestion, the parasites locate to the biliary tree, where chronic infection frequently leads to cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Infection with C. sinensis or O. viverrini is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Infection with O. felineus may also be carcinogenic. The mechanism(s) by which infection with these liver flukes culminates in CCA remain elusive, although they are likely to be multi-factorial. Not yet well studied is the influence of opisthorchiasis on the microbiome of the host despite reports that helminth parasites are capable of affecting the microbiome, potentially modulating gastrointestinal inflammation in response to the appearance of pathogenic strains of bacteria. Here, we review recent findings related to opisthorchiasis and the microbiome and related issues. In the hamster, a tractable model of infection with liver fluke and of infection-induced biliary morbidity and CCA, infection with O. viverrini perturbs the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract, including increasing numbers of Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae, and others, while decreasing Porphyromonadaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Eubacteriaceae. In addition, a complex microbial community associates with the parasites within the biliary tree, including Helicobacter pylori and related bacteria. Moreover, higher rates of infection with Helicobacter occur in Thailand in persons with opisthorchiasis in a liver fluke infection intensity-dependent manner. Experimental infection of hamsters with Opisthorchis felineus results in increased alpha diversity of the microbiota diversity in the biliary tract. In humans, infection with O. felineus modifies the composition of the biliary microbiome, with increasing numbers of species of Klebsiella, Aggregatibacter, Lactobacillus, Treponema, and others. Several phylotypes of Archaea occurred solely in bile from persons infected with O. felineus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Saltykova
- Siberian State Medical University, Central Research Laboratory, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Vyacheslav A Petrov
- Siberian State Medical University, Central Research Laboratory, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Paul J Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
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25
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Xu MY, Ma JH, Yuan BS, Yin J, Liu L, Lu QB. Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gallbladder diseases: A retrospective study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 33:1207-1212. [PMID: 29178198 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and gallbladder diseases is still unclear and is controversial. We conducted a retrospective study to clarify the prevalence of gallbladder diseases and factors related to gallbladder diseases and relationships between H. pylori infection, gallstones, cholecystitis, and cholecystic polypus. METHODS The retrospective study was performed at the Aerospace Center Hospital in Beijing. The subjects in this study were a healthy population who underwent health examinations at the hospital between 2012 and 2015. The logistic regression models were used to explore the relationships between H. pylori infection and gallbladder diseases. RESULTS There were 7803 (43.4%) subjects with H. pylori infection, 995 (5.5%) with gallstones, 219 (1.2%) with cholecystitis, and 1003 (5.6%) with cholecystic polypus amongst 17 971 subjects, respectively. In subjects aged 45 years or less, the prevalence of gallstones in the H. pylori (+) group was lower than that in the H. pylori (-) group (odds ratio = 0.653; 95% confidence interval: 0.468-0.911; P = 0.012). The prevalence of cholecystic polypus in the H. pylori (+) group was significantly higher than that in the H. pylori (-) group (odds ratio = 1.160; 95% confidence interval: 1.012-1.328; P = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Helicobacter pylori infection was related with cholecystic polypus and gallstones in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yan Xu
- Department of Nutrition, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Hui Ma
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Shi Yuan
- Department of Health Management, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yin
- Department of Nutrition, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Health Management, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, China
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26
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Edwards SW, Spofford EM, Price C, Wright HL, Salao K, Suttiprapa S, Sripa B. Opisthorchiasis-Induced Cholangiocarcinoma: How Innate Immunity May Cause Cancer. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2018; 101:149-176. [PMID: 29907253 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Innate, inflammatory responses towards persistent Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection are likely to contribute to the development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a liver cancer that is rare in the West but prevalent in Greater Mekong Subregion countries in Southeast Asia. Infection results in the infiltration of innate immune cells into the bile ducts and subsequent activation of inflammatory immune responses that fail to clear OV but instead may damage local tissues within the bile ducts. Not all patients infected with OV develop CCA, and so tumourigenesis may be dependent on multiple factors including the magnitude of the inflammatory response that is activated in infected individuals. The purpose of this review is to summarize how innate immune responses may promote tumourigenesis following OV infection and if such responses can be used to predict CCA onset in OV-infected individuals. It also hypothesizes on the role that Helicobacterspp., which are associated with liver fluke infections, may play in activation of the innate the immune system to promote tissue damage and persistent inflammation leading to CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven W Edwards
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Edward M Spofford
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Price
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Helen L Wright
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Kanin Salao
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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27
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Sripa B, Tangkawattana S, Brindley PJ. Update on Pathogenesis of Opisthorchiasis and Cholangiocarcinoma. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2018; 102:97-113. [PMID: 30442312 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Infection with the food-borne liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini causes cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Whereas the cause of CCA in the West remains obscure, the principal risk factor in Thailand is opisthorchiasis. Here, we review recent findings on the pathogenesis of opisthorchiasis and CCA focusing on helminth molecules/toxic metabolites, host-parasite interaction, endocytosis, immunopathology/inflammatory responses, free radical production, molecular genetic alterations, and multifactorial including coinfections driving to CCA development.
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