1
|
Muñoz-Echeverri LM, Benavides-López S, Geiger O, Trujillo-Roldán MA, Valdez-Cruz NA. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: biotechnological perspective for enhanced productivity. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:174. [PMID: 38642254 PMCID: PMC11032300 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are non-replicative nanostructures released by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as a survival mechanism and inter- and intraspecific communication mechanism. Due to BEVs physical, biochemical, and biofunctional characteristics, there is interest in producing and using them in developing new therapeutics, vaccines, or delivery systems. However, BEV release is typically low, limiting their application. Here, we provide a biotechnological perspective to enhance BEV production, highlighting current strategies. The strategies include the production of hypervesiculating strains through gene modification, bacteria culture under stress conditions, and artificial vesicles production. We discussed the effect of these production strategies on BEVs types, morphology, composition, and activity. Furthermore, we summarized general aspects of BEV biogenesis, functional capabilities, and applications, framing their current importance and the need to produce them in abundance. This review will expand the knowledge about the range of strategies associated with BEV bioprocesses to increase their productivity and extend their application possibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Muñoz-Echeverri
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio D, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Santiago Benavides-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio B, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Otto Geiger
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad s/n, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Mauricio A Trujillo-Roldán
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México
| | - Norma A Valdez-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México.
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Sapula SA, Whittall JJ, Blaikie JM, Lomovskaya O, Venter H. Identification and characterization of CIM-1, a carbapenemase that adds to the family of resistance factors against last resort antibiotics. Commun Biol 2024; 7:282. [PMID: 38454015 PMCID: PMC10920655 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing rate of carbapenem-resistant bacteria within healthcare environments is an issue of great concern that needs urgent attention. This resistance is driven by metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), which can catalyse the hydrolysis of almost all clinically available β-lactams and are resistant to all the clinically utilized β-lactamase inhibitors. In this study, an uncharacterized MBL is identified in a multidrug resistant isolate of the opportunistic pathogen, Chryseobacterium indologenes. Sequence analysis predicts this MBL (CIM-1) to be a lipoprotein with an atypical lipobox. Characterization of CIM-1 reveals it to be a high-affinity carbapenemase with a broad spectrum of activity that includes all cephalosporins and carbapenems. Results also shown that CIM-1 is potentially a membrane-associated MBL with an uncharacterized lipobox. Using prediction tools, we also identify more potentially lipidated MBLs with non-canonical lipoboxes highlighting the necessity of further investigation of lipidated MBLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sylvia A Sapula
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jonathan J Whittall
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jack M Blaikie
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Henrietta Venter
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Buddelmeijer N. Components Subcellular Localization: Identification of Lipoproteins Using Globomycin and Radioactive Palmitate. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2715:73-78. [PMID: 37930521 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3445-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial lipoproteins are characterized by fatty acids, derived from membrane phospholipids, which are covalently attached to their amino terminus via posttranslational modification in the cytoplasmic membrane. Here, I describe the detection of one of the intermediate forms of lipoprotein, diacylglyceryl-prolipoprotein, using 3H-palmitate labeling and inhibition of signal peptidase II (Lsp) by globomycin and detection by fluorography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nienke Buddelmeijer
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, INSERM U1306, Biology and genetics of the bacterial cell wall Unit, 25-28 rue du docteur Roux, Paris cedex 15, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hua K, Li T, He Y, Guan A, Chen L, Gao Y, Xu Q, Wang H, Luo R, Zhao L, Jin H. Resistin secreted by porcine alveolar macrophages leads to endothelial cell dysfunction during Haemophilus parasuis infection. Virulence 2023; 14:2171636. [PMID: 36694280 PMCID: PMC9928480 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2171636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis (H. parasuis) causes exudative inflammation, implying endothelial dysfunction during pathogen infection. However, so far, the molecular mechanism of endothelial dysfunction caused by H. parasuis has not been clarified. By using the transwell-based cell co-culture system, we demonstrate that knocking out resistin in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) dramatically attenuated endothelial monolayer damage caused by H. parasuis. The resistin secreted by PAMs inhibited the expression of the tight junction proteins claudin-5 and occludin rather than the adherens junction protein VE-cadherin in co-cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAECs). Furthermore, we demonstrate that resistin regulated claudin-5 and occludin expression and monolayer PAEC permeability in an LKB1/AMPK/mTOR pathway-dependent manner. Additionally, we reveal that the outer membrane lipoprotein gene lppA in H. parasuis induced resistin expression in PAMs, as deleting lppA reduced resistin expression in H. parasuis-infected PAMs, causing a significant change in LKB1/AMPK/mTOR pathway activity in co-cultured PAECs, thereby restoring tight junction protein levels and endothelial monolayer permeability. Thus, we postulate that the H. parasuis lppA gene enhances resistin production in PAMs, disrupting tight junctions in PAECs and causing endothelial barrier dysfunction. These findings elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of exudative inflammation caused by H. parasuis for the first time and provide a more profound angle of acute exudative inflammation caused by bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Animal Disease Diagnosis, Hubei Animal Disease Prevention and Control Centre, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanling He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Aohan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Liying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Qianshuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Rui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Hui Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China,CONTACT Hui Jin
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Auria E, Deschamps J, Briandet R, Dupuy B. Extracellular succinate induces spatially organized biofilm formation in Clostridioides difficile. Biofilm 2023; 5:100125. [PMID: 37214349 PMCID: PMC10192414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile infection associated to gut microbiome dysbiosis is the leading cause for nosocomial diarrhea. The ability of C. difficile to form biofilms has been progressively linked to its pathogenesis as well as its persistence in the gut. Although C. difficile has been reported to form biofilms in an increasing number of conditions, little is known about how these biofilms are formed in the gut and what factors may trigger their formation. Here we report that succinate, a metabolite abundantly produced by the dysbiotic gut microbiota, induces in vitro biofilm formation of C. difficile strains. We characterized the morphology and spatial composition of succinate-induced biofilms, and compared to non-induced or deoxycholate (DCA) induced biofilms. Biofilms induced by succinate are significantly thicker, structurally more complex, and poorer in proteins and exopolysaccharides (EPS). We then applied transcriptomics and genetics to characterize the early stages of succinate-induced biofilm formation and we showed that succinate-induced biofilm results from major metabolic shifts and cell-wall composition changes. Similar to DCA-induced biofilms, biofilms induced by succinate depend on the presence of a rapidly metabolized sugar. Finally, although succinate can be consumed by the bacteria, we found that the extracellular succinate is in fact responsible for the induction of biofilm formation through complex regulation involving global metabolic regulators and the osmotic stress response. Thus, our work suggests that as a gut signal, succinate may drive biofilm formation and help persistence of C. difficile in the gut, increasing the risk of relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emile Auria
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, UMR-CNRS 6047, Laboratoire Pathogenèse des Bactéries Anaérobies, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Julien Deschamps
- Institut Micalis, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Romain Briandet
- Institut Micalis, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Bruno Dupuy
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, UMR-CNRS 6047, Laboratoire Pathogenèse des Bactéries Anaérobies, F-75015, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bigi MM, Forrellad MA, García JS, Blanco FC, Vázquez CL, Bigi F. An update on Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoproteins. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:1381-1398. [PMID: 37962486 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost 3% of the proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), the main causative agent of human tuberculosis, are lipoproteins. These lipoproteins are characteristic of the mycobacterial cell envelope and participate in many mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis. In this review, the authors provide an updated analysis of M. tuberculosis lipoproteins and categorize them according to their demonstrated or predicted functions, including transport of compounds to and from the cytoplasm, biosynthesis of the mycobacterial cell envelope, defense and resistance mechanisms, enzymatic activities and signaling pathways. In addition, this updated analysis revealed that at least 40% of M. tuberculosis lipoproteins are glycosylated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María M Bigi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 (C1121ABG), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina A Forrellad
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Argentina (INTA), N. Repetto & de los Reseros, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, N. Repetto & de los Reseros, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julia S García
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Argentina (INTA), N. Repetto & de los Reseros, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, N. Repetto & de los Reseros, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico C Blanco
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Argentina (INTA), N. Repetto & de los Reseros, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, N. Repetto & de los Reseros, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristina L Vázquez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Argentina (INTA), N. Repetto & de los Reseros, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, N. Repetto & de los Reseros, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabiana Bigi
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Argentina (INTA), N. Repetto & de los Reseros, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, N. Repetto & de los Reseros, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Theuretzbacher U, Blasco B, Duffey M, Piddock LJV. Unrealized targets in the discovery of antibiotics for Gram-negative bacterial infections. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:957-975. [PMID: 37833553 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-023-00791-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Advances in areas that include genomics, systems biology, protein structure determination and artificial intelligence provide new opportunities for target-based antibacterial drug discovery. The selection of a 'good' new target for direct-acting antibacterial compounds is the first decision, for which multiple criteria must be explored, integrated and re-evaluated as drug discovery programmes progress. Criteria include essentiality of the target for bacterial survival, its conservation across different strains of the same species, bacterial species and growth conditions (which determines the spectrum of activity of a potential antibiotic) and the level of homology with human genes (which influences the potential for selective inhibition). Additionally, a bacterial target should have the potential to bind to drug-like molecules, and its subcellular location will govern the need for inhibitors to penetrate one or two bacterial membranes, which is a key challenge in targeting Gram-negative bacteria. The risk of the emergence of target-based drug resistance for drugs with single targets also requires consideration. This Review describes promising but as-yet-unrealized targets for antibacterial drugs against Gram-negative bacteria and examples of cognate inhibitors, and highlights lessons learned from past drug discovery programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Blasco
- Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maëlle Duffey
- Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laura J V Piddock
- Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP), Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dreyer A, Lenz C, Groß U, Bohne W, Zautner AE. Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni proteome profiles in co-incubation scenarios. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1247211. [PMID: 38029072 PMCID: PMC10666060 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1247211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In dynamic microbial ecosystems, bacterial communication is a relevant mechanism for interactions between different microbial species. When C. jejuni resides in the intestine of either avian or human hosts, it is exposed to diverse bacteria from the microbiome. This study aimed to reveal the influence of co-incubation with Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, or Staphylococcus aureus on the proteome of C. jejuni 81-176 using data-independent-acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS). We compared the proteome profiles during co-incubation with the proteome profile in response to the bile acid deoxycholate (DCA) and investigated the impact of DCA on proteomic changes during co-incubation, as C. jejuni is exposed to both factors during colonization. We identified 1,375 proteins by DIA-MS, which is notably high, approaching the theoretical maximum of 1,645 proteins. S. aureus had the highest impact on the proteome of C. jejuni with 215 up-regulated and 230 down-regulated proteins. However, these numbers are still markedly lower than the 526 up-regulated and 516 down-regulated proteins during DCA exposure. We identified a subset of 54 significantly differentially expressed proteins that are shared after co-incubation with all three microbial species. These proteins were indicative of a common co-incubation response of C. jejuni. This common proteomic response partly overlapped with the DCA response; however, several proteins were specific to the co-incubation response. In the co-incubation experiment, we identified three membrane-interactive proteins among the top 20 up-regulated proteins. This finding suggests that the presence of other bacteria may contribute to increased adherence, e.g., to other bacteria but eventually also epithelial cells or abiotic surfaces. Furthermore, a conjugative transfer regulon protein was typically up-expressed during co-incubation. Exposure to both, co-incubation and DCA, demonstrated that the two stressors influenced each other, resulting in a unique synergistic proteomic response that differed from the response to each stimulus alone. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD046477.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Dreyer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christof Lenz
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Uwe Groß
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bohne
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Erich Zautner
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Payen S, Roy D, Okura M, Segura M, Gottschalk M. Study of the Role of Lipoprotein Maturation Enzymes in the Pathogenesis of the Infection Caused by the Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Sequence Type 25 North American Prototype Strain. Pathogens 2023; 12:1325. [PMID: 38003790 PMCID: PMC10675726 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis serotype 2 is an important swine bacterial pathogen causing sudden death, septic shock, and meningitis. However, serotype 2 strains are phenotypically and genotypically heterogeneous and composed of a multitude of sequence types (STs) whose distributions greatly vary worldwide. It has been previously shown that the lipoprotein (LPP) maturation enzymes diacylglyceryl transferase (Lgt) and signal peptidase (Lsp) significantly modulate the inflammatory host response and play a differential role in virulence depending on the genetic background of the strain. Differently from Eurasian ST1/ST7 strains, the capsular polysaccharide of a North American S. suis serotype 2 ST25 representative strain only partially masks sub-capsular domains and bacterial wall components. Thus, our hypothesis is that since LPPs would be more surface exposed in ST25 strains than in their ST1 or ST7 counterparts, the maturation enzymes would play a more important role in the pathogenesis of the infection caused by the North American strain. Using isogenic Δlgt and Δlsp mutants derived from the wild-type ST25 strain, our studies suggest that these enzymes do not seem to play a role in the interaction between S. suis and epithelial and endothelial cells, regardless of the genetics background of the strain used. However, a role in the formation of biofilms (also independently of the STs) has been demonstrated. Moreover, the involvement of LPP dendritic cell activation in vitro seems to be somehow more pronounced with the ST25 strain. Finally, the Lgt enzyme seems to play a more important role in the virulence of the ST25 strain. Although some differences between STs could be observed, our original hypothesis that LPPs would be significantly more important in ST25 strains due to a better bacterial surface exposition could not be confirmed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Servane Payen
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses en Production Animale (GREMIP) and Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (S.P.); (M.S.)
| | - David Roy
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
| | - Masatoshi Okura
- Division of Transboundary Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kagoshima 891-0105, Japan;
| | - Mariela Segura
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses en Production Animale (GREMIP) and Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (S.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Marcelo Gottschalk
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses en Production Animale (GREMIP) and Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (S.P.); (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hoppe-Elsholz G, Piña-Iturbe A, Vallejos OP, Suazo ID, Sepúlveda-Alfaro J, Pereira-Sánchez P, Martínez-Balboa Y, Catalán EA, Reyes P, Scaff V, Bassi F, Campos-Gajardo S, Avilés A, Santiviago CA, Kalergis AM, Bueno SM. SEN1990 is a predicted winged helix-turn-helix protein involved in the pathogenicity of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and the expression of the gene oafB in the SPI-17. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1236458. [PMID: 38029095 PMCID: PMC10655114 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1236458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Excisable genomic islands (EGIs) are horizontally acquired genetic elements that harbor an array of genes with diverse functions. ROD21 is an EGI found integrated in the chromosome of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella ser. Enteritidis). While this island is known to be involved in the capacity of Salmonella ser. Enteritidis to cross the epithelial barrier and colonize sterile organs, the role of most ROD21 genes remains unknown, and thus, the identification of their function is fundamental to understanding the impact of this EGI on bacterium pathogenicity. Therefore, in this study, we used a bioinformatical approach to evaluate the function of ROD21-encoded genes and delve into the characterization of SEN1990, a gene encoding a putative DNA-binding protein. We characterized the predicted structure of SEN1990, finding that this protein contains a three-stranded winged helix-turn-helix (wHTH) DNA-binding domain. Additionally, we identified homologs of SEN1990 among other members of the EARL EGIs. Furthermore, we deleted SEN1990 in Salmonella ser. Enteritidis, finding no differences in the replication or maintenance of the excised ROD21, contrary to what the previous Refseq annotation of the protein suggests. High-throughput RNA sequencing was carried out to evaluate the effect of the absence of SEN1990 on the bacterium's global transcription. We found a downregulated expression of oafB, an SPI-17-encoded acetyltransferase involved in O-antigen modification, which was restored when the deletion mutant was complemented ectopically. Additionally, we found that strains lacking SEN1990 had a reduced capacity to colonize sterile organs in mice. Our findings suggest that SEN1990 encodes a wHTH domain-containing protein that modulates the transcription of oafB from the SPI-17, implying a crosstalk between these pathogenicity islands and a possible new role of ROD21 in the pathogenesis of Salmonella ser. Enteritidis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Hoppe-Elsholz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro Piña-Iturbe
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Omar P. Vallejos
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Isidora D. Suazo
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Sepúlveda-Alfaro
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Pereira-Sánchez
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yohana Martínez-Balboa
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo A. Catalán
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Reyes
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Scaff
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Franco Bassi
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sofia Campos-Gajardo
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Avilés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos A. Santiviago
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susan M. Bueno
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
de Sandozequi A, Martínez‐Anaya C. Bacterial surface-exposed lipoproteins and sortase-mediated anchored cell surface proteins in plant infection. Microbiologyopen 2023; 12:e1382. [PMID: 37877658 PMCID: PMC10501053 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial cell envelope is involved in all stages of infection and the study of its components and structures is important to understand how bacteria interact with the extracellular milieu. Thanks to new techniques that focus on identifying bacterial surface proteins, we now better understand the specific components involved in host-pathogen interactions. In the fight against the deleterious effects of pathogenic bacteria, bacterial surface proteins (at the cell envelope) are important targets as they play crucial roles in the colonization and infection of host tissues. These surface proteins serve functions such as protection, secretion, biofilm formation, nutrient intake, metabolism, and virulence. Bacteria use different mechanisms to associate proteins to the cell surface via posttranslational modification, such as the addition of a lipid moiety to create lipoproteins and attachment to the peptidoglycan layer by sortases. In this review, we focus on these types of proteins (and provide examples of others) that are associated with the bacterial cell envelope by posttranslational modifications and their roles in plant infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés de Sandozequi
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y BiocatálisisInstituto de BiotecnologíaCuernavacaMéxico
| | - Claudia Martínez‐Anaya
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y BiocatálisisInstituto de BiotecnologíaCuernavacaMéxico
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lan S, Li Z, Hao H, Liu S, Huang Z, Bai Y, Li Y, Yan X, Gao P, Chen S, Chu Y. A genome-wide transposon mutagenesis screening identifies LppB as a key factor associated with Mycoplasma bovis colonization and invasion into host cells. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23176. [PMID: 37665592 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300678r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasma spp., the smallest self-replicating and genome-reduced organisms, have raised a great concern in both the medical and veterinary fields due to their pathogenicity. The molecular determinants of these wall-less bacterium efficiently use their limited genes to ensure successful infection of the host remain unclear. In the present study, we used the ruminant pathogen Mycoplasma bovis as a model to identify the key factors for colonization and invasion into host cells. We constructed a nonredundant fluorescent transposon mutant library of M. bovis using a modified transposon plasmid, and identified 34 novel adhesion-related genes based on a high-throughput screening approach. Among them, the ΔLppB mutant exhibited the most apparent decrease in adhesion to embryonic bovine lung (EBL) cells. The surface-localized lipoprotein LppB, which is highly conserved in Mycoplasma species, was then confirmed as a key factor for M. bovis adhesion with great immunogenicity. LppB interacted with various components (fibronectin, vitronectin, collagen IV, and laminin) of host extracellular matrix (ECM) and promoted plasminogen activation through tPA to degrade ECM. The 439-502 amino acid region of LppB is a critical domain, and F465 and Y493 are important residues for the plasminogen activation activity. We further revealed LppB as a key factor facilitating internalization through clathrin- and lipid raft-mediated endocytosis, which helps the Mycoplasma invade the host cells. Our study indicates that LppB plays a key role in Mycoplasma infection and is a potential new therapeutic and vaccine target for Mycoplasma species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimei Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control (North), Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control (North), Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huafang Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control (North), Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control (North), Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control (North), Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yutong Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control (North), Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanzhao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control (North), Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinmin Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control (North), Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control (North), Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengli Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control (North), Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuefeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control (North), Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bustamante JA, Ceron JS, Gao IT, Ramirez HA, Aviles MV, Bet Adam D, Brice JR, Cuellar RA, Dockery E, Jabagat MK, Karp DG, Lau JKO, Li S, Lopez-Magaña R, Moore RR, Morin BKR, Nzongo J, Rezaeihaghighi Y, Sapienza-Martinez J, Tran TTK, Huang Z, Duthoy AJ, Barnett MJ, Long SR, Chen JC. A protease and a lipoprotein jointly modulate the conserved ExoR-ExoS-ChvI signaling pathway critical in Sinorhizobium meliloti for symbiosis with legume hosts. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010776. [PMID: 37871041 PMCID: PMC10659215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinorhizobium meliloti is a model alpha-proteobacterium for investigating microbe-host interactions, in particular nitrogen-fixing rhizobium-legume symbioses. Successful infection requires complex coordination between compatible host and endosymbiont, including bacterial production of succinoglycan, also known as exopolysaccharide-I (EPS-I). In S. meliloti EPS-I production is controlled by the conserved ExoS-ChvI two-component system. Periplasmic ExoR associates with the ExoS histidine kinase and negatively regulates ChvI-dependent expression of exo genes, necessary for EPS-I synthesis. We show that two extracytoplasmic proteins, LppA (a lipoprotein) and JspA (a lipoprotein and a metalloprotease), jointly influence EPS-I synthesis by modulating the ExoR-ExoS-ChvI pathway and expression of genes in the ChvI regulon. Deletions of jspA and lppA led to lower EPS-I production and competitive disadvantage during host colonization, for both S. meliloti with Medicago sativa and S. medicae with M. truncatula. Overexpression of jspA reduced steady-state levels of ExoR, suggesting that the JspA protease participates in ExoR degradation. This reduction in ExoR levels is dependent on LppA and can be replicated with ExoR, JspA, and LppA expressed exogenously in Caulobacter crescentus and Escherichia coli. Akin to signaling pathways that sense extracytoplasmic stress in other bacteria, JspA and LppA may monitor periplasmic conditions during interaction with the plant host to adjust accordingly expression of genes that contribute to efficient symbiosis. The molecular mechanisms underlying host colonization in our model system may have parallels in related alpha-proteobacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian A. Bustamante
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Josue S. Ceron
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Ivan Thomas Gao
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Hector A. Ramirez
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Milo V. Aviles
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Demsin Bet Adam
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jason R. Brice
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Rodrigo A. Cuellar
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Eva Dockery
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Miguel Karlo Jabagat
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Donna Grace Karp
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph Kin-On Lau
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Suling Li
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Raymondo Lopez-Magaña
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Rebecca R. Moore
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Bethany Kristi R. Morin
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Juliana Nzongo
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Yasha Rezaeihaghighi
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph Sapienza-Martinez
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Tuyet Thi Kim Tran
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Zhenzhong Huang
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Aaron J. Duthoy
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Melanie J. Barnett
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Sharon R. Long
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph C. Chen
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jiang S, He J, Zhang L, Zhao Q, Zhao S. Bacterial lipoprotein plays an important role in the macrophage autophagy and apoptosis induced by Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220739. [PMID: 37791056 PMCID: PMC10543702 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the role of bacterial lipoprotein (BLP) in autophagy and apoptosis. Western blot was used to examine autophagy biomarkers in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) after infection with Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and BLP stimulation. In BMDMs, enhanced protein expression of LC3-II was observed after S. typhimurium or S. aureus infection (P < 0.05) and BLP stimulation (P < 0.05). Autophagy inhibition by chloroquine resulted in increased levels of LC3-Ⅱ and p62 protein (P < 0.05). Persistently upregulated expressions of Atg3 and Atg7 were observed following BLP stimulation (P < 0.05), and knockdown of Atg3 or Atg7 significantly attenuated BLP-enhanced protein expression of LC3-Ⅱ in BMDMs. Furthermore, we found that the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine prevented BLP- and infection-induced macrophage apoptosis. BLP is not only required for autophagy and apoptosis activation in macrophages but also for regulating the balance between autophagy and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Jiang
- Institute of Hematological Research, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 71000, China
| | - Jinyao He
- Clinical Laboratory, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710068, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- Institute of Hematological Research, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 71000, China
| | - Qiaojiajie Zhao
- Institute of Hematological Research, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 71000, China
| | - Shuqi Zhao
- Institute of Hematological Research, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 71000, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Levy JG, Oh J, Mendoza Herrera A, Parida A, Lao L, Starkey J, Yuan P, Kan CC, Tamborindeguy C. A ' Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' Haplotype B-Specific Family of Candidate Bacterial Effectors. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2023; 113:1708-1715. [PMID: 37665323 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-22-0438-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (Lso) is a phloem-limited pathogen associated with devastating diseases in members of the Solanaceae and Apiaceae and vectored by several psyllid species. Different Lso haplotypes have been identified, and LsoA and LsoB are responsible for diseases in Solanaceae crops. Our efforts are aimed at identifying pathogenicity factors used by this bacterium to thrive in different hosts. Bacterial secreted proteins can play a role in host colonization or the manipulation of the host immune responses; these proteins are called effectors. In this study, we identified six LsoB-specific proteins with a conserved secretion motif as well as a conserved N-terminal domain in the mature protein. These proteins had different expression and secretion patterns but a similar subcellular localization in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, suggesting that they play different roles regardless of their conserved secretion motif. One of these proteins, CKC_04425, was expressed at high levels in the insect vector and the host plant, indicating that it could play a role in both the plant and insect hosts, whereas the others were mainly expressed in the plant. One protein, CKC_05701, was able to efficiently suppress programmed cell death and reactive oxygen species production, suggesting that it may have a virulence role in LsoB-specific pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien G Levy
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Junepyo Oh
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | | | - Adwaita Parida
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Loi Lao
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Jesse Starkey
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Peiguo Yuan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Chia-Cheng Kan
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ascari A, Waters JK, Morona R, Eijkelkamp BA. Shigella flexneri Adapts to Niche-Specific Stresses through Modifications in Cell Envelope Composition and Decoration. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1610-1621. [PMID: 37494550 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Shigella flexneri is the primary causative agent of worldwide shigellosis. As the pathogen transverses the distinct niches of the gastrointestinal tract it necessitates dynamic adaptation strategies to mitigate host antimicrobials such as dietary fatty acids (FAs) and the bile salt, deoxycholate (DOC). This study investigates the dynamics of the S. flexneri cell envelope, by interrogating adaptations following FA or DOC exposure. We deciphered the effects of FAs and DOC on bacterial membrane fatty acid and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compositions. We identified novel LPS-based strategies by the pathogen to support resistance to these host compounds. In particular, expression of S. flexneri very-long O antigen (VL-Oag) LPS was found to play a central role in stress mitigation, as VL-Oag protects against antimicrobial FAs, but its presence rendered S. flexneri susceptible to DOC stress. Collectively, this work underpins the importance for S. flexneri to maintain appropriate regulation of cell envelope constituents, in particular VL-Oag LPS, to adequately adapt to diverse stresses during infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ascari
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, South Australia, Australia
- Molecular Sciences and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jack K Waters
- Molecular Sciences and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Renato Morona
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bart A Eijkelkamp
- Molecular Sciences and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kaur R, Mangiafesto J, Pryharski K, Rasam S, Zagursky R, Pichichero M. Expression conditions and characterization of a novelly constructed lipoprotein intended as a vaccine to prevent human Haemophilus influenzae infections. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105031. [PMID: 37437888 PMCID: PMC10407732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipoproteins are structurally divided into two groups, based on their lipid moieties: diacylated (present in Gram-positive bacteria) and triacylated (present in some Gram-positive and most Gram-negative bacteria). Diacylated and triacylated lipid moieties differ by a single amide-linked fatty acid chain. Lipoproteins induce host innate immune responses by the mammalian Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). In this study, we added a lipid moiety to recombinant OMP26, a native nonlipidated (NL) membrane protein of Haemophilus influenzae, and characterized it extensively under different expression conditions using flow cytometry, LC/MS, and MALDI-TOF. We also investigated the ability of NL and lipidated (L) OMP26 to induce in vitro stimulation of HEK Blue-hTLR2-TR1 and hTLR-TLR6 cells. Our L-OMP26 was predominantly expressed in diacylated form, so we employed an additional gene copy of apolipoprotein N-acetyltransferase enzyme (Lnt)-rich Escherichia coli strain that further acylates the diacyl lipoproteins to enhance the production of triacylated L-OMP26. The diacyl and triacyl versions of L-OMP26, intended as a vaccine for use in humans, were characterized and evaluated as protein vaccine components in a mouse model. We found that the diacyl and triacyl L-OMP26 protein formulations differed markedly in their immune-stimulatory activity, with diacylated L-OMP26 stimulating higher adaptive immune responses compared with triacylated L-OMP26 and both stimulating higher adaptive immune response compared to NL-OMP26. We also constructed and characterized an L-OMP26φNL-P6 fusion protein, where NL-P6 protein (a commonly studied H. influenzae vaccine candidate) was recombinantly fused to L-OMP26. We observed a similar pattern of lipidation (predominantly diacylated) in the L-OMP26φNL-P6 fusion protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kaur
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Rochester General Hospital Research Institute, Rochester, New York, USA.
| | - Jill Mangiafesto
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Rochester General Hospital Research Institute, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Karin Pryharski
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Rochester General Hospital Research Institute, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Sailee Rasam
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Robert Zagursky
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Rochester General Hospital Research Institute, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Michael Pichichero
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Rochester General Hospital Research Institute, Rochester, New York, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sapiro AL, Hayes BM, Volk RF, Zhang JY, Brooks DM, Martyn C, Radkov A, Zhao Z, Kinnersley M, Secor PR, Zaro BW, Chou S. Longitudinal map of transcriptome changes in the Lyme pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi during tick-borne transmission. eLife 2023; 12:RP86636. [PMID: 37449477 PMCID: PMC10393048 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), the causative agent of Lyme disease, adapts to vastly different environments as it cycles between tick vector and vertebrate host. During a tick bloodmeal, Bb alters its gene expression to prepare for vertebrate infection; however, the full range of transcriptional changes that occur over several days inside of the tick are technically challenging to capture. We developed an experimental approach to enrich Bb cells to longitudinally define their global transcriptomic landscape inside nymphal Ixodes scapularis ticks during a transmitting bloodmeal. We identified 192 Bb genes that substantially change expression over the course of the bloodmeal from 1 to 4 days after host attachment. The majority of upregulated genes encode proteins found at the cell envelope or proteins of unknown function, including 45 outer surface lipoproteins embedded in the unusual protein-rich coat of Bb. As these proteins may facilitate Bb interactions with the host, we utilized mass spectrometry to identify candidate tick proteins that physically associate with Bb. The Bb enrichment methodology along with the ex vivo Bb transcriptomes and candidate tick interacting proteins presented here provide a resource to facilitate investigations into key determinants of Bb priming and transmission during the tick stage of its unique transmission cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne L Sapiro
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Beth M Hayes
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Regan F Volk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Jenny Y Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Diane M Brooks
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of MontanaMissoulaUnited States
| | - Calla Martyn
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Atanas Radkov
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Margie Kinnersley
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of MontanaMissoulaUnited States
| | - Patrick R Secor
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of MontanaMissoulaUnited States
| | - Balyn W Zaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Seemay Chou
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Smithers L, Degtjarik O, Weichert D, Huang CY, Boland C, Bowen K, Oluwole A, Lutomski C, Robinson CV, Scanlan EM, Wang M, Olieric V, Shalev-Benami M, Caffrey M. Structure snapshots reveal the mechanism of a bacterial membrane lipoprotein N-acyltransferase. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf5799. [PMID: 37390210 PMCID: PMC10313180 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf5799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial lipoproteins (BLPs) decorate the surface of membranes in the cell envelope. They function in membrane assembly and stability, as enzymes, and in transport. The final enzyme in the BLP synthesis pathway is the apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase, Lnt, which is proposed to act by a ping-pong mechanism. Here, we use x-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy to chart the structural changes undergone during the progress of the enzyme through the reaction. We identify a single active site that has evolved to bind, individually and sequentially, substrates that satisfy structural and chemical criteria to position reactive parts next to the catalytic triad for reaction. This study validates the ping-pong mechanism, explains the molecular bases for Lnt's substrate promiscuity, and should facilitate the design of antibiotics with minimal off-target effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Smithers
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Oksana Degtjarik
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Dietmar Weichert
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Chia-Ying Huang
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Coilín Boland
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Katherine Bowen
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Abraham Oluwole
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Corinne Lutomski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Carol V. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Meitian Wang
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Olieric
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Moran Shalev-Benami
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Martin Caffrey
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Domon H, Hirayama S, Isono T, Sasagawa K, Takizawa F, Maekawa T, Yanagihara K, Terao Y. Macrolides Decrease the Proinflammatory Activity of Macrolide-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0014823. [PMID: 37191519 PMCID: PMC10269745 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00148-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 2 decades, the prevalence of macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (MRSP) has increased considerably, due to widespread macrolide use. Although macrolide usage has been proposed to be associated with treatment failure in patients with pneumococcal diseases, macrolides may be clinically effective for treating these diseases, regardless of the susceptibility of the causative pneumococci to macrolides. As we previously demonstrated that macrolides downregulate the transcription of various genes in MRSP, including the gene encoding the pore-forming toxin pneumolysin, we hypothesized that macrolides affect the proinflammatory activity of MRSP. Using HEK-Blue cell lines, we found that the supernatants from macrolide-treated MRSP cultures induced decreased NF-κB activation in cells expressing Toll-like receptor 2 and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 compared to the supernatants from untreated MRSP cells, suggesting that macrolides inhibit the release of these ligands from MRSP. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that macrolides significantly downregulated the transcription of various genes encoding peptidoglycan synthesis-, lipoteichoic acid synthesis-, and lipoprotein synthesis-related molecules in MRSP cells. The silkworm larva plasma assay demonstrated that the peptidoglycan concentrations in the supernatants from macrolide-treated MRSP cultures were significantly lower than those from untreated MRSP cultures. Triton X-114 phase separation revealed that lipoprotein expression decreased in macrolide-treated MRSP cells compared to the lipoprotein expression in untreated MRSP cells. Consequently, macrolides may decrease the expression of bacterial ligands of innate immune receptors, resulting in the decreased proinflammatory activity of MRSP. IMPORTANCE To date, the clinical efficacy of macrolides in pneumococcal disease is assumed to be linked to their ability to inhibit the release of pneumolysin. However, our previous study demonstrated that oral administration of macrolides to mice intratracheally infected with macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae resulted in decreased levels of pneumolysin and proinflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples compared to the levels in samples from untreated infected control mice, without affecting the bacterial load in the fluid. This finding suggests that additional mechanisms by which macrolides negatively regulate proinflammatory cytokine production may be involved in their efficacy in vivo. Furthermore, in this study, we demonstrated that macrolides downregulated the transcription of various proinflammatory-component-related genes in S. pneumoniae, which provides an additional explanation for the clinical benefits of macrolides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisanori Domon
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoru Hirayama
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshihito Isono
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Karin Sasagawa
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Fumio Takizawa
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomoki Maekawa
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Katsunori Yanagihara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jimenez-Vasquez V, Calvay-Sanchez KD, Zarate-Sulca Y, Mendoza-Mujica G. In-silico identification of linear B-cell epitopes in specific proteins of Bartonella bacilliformis for the serological diagnosis of Carrion's disease. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011321. [PMID: 37228134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Carrion´s disease is caused by Bartonella bacilliformis, it is a Gram-negative pleomorphic bacterium. B. bacilliformis is transmitted by Lutzomyia verrucarum in endemic areas of the Peruvian Inter-Andean valleys. Additionally, the pathogenicity of B. bacilliformis involves an initial infection of erythrocytes and the further infection of endothelial cells, which mainly affects children and expectant women from extreme poverty rural areas. Therefore, the implementation of serological diagnostic methods and the development of candidate vaccines for the control of CD could be facilitated by the prediction of linear b-cell epitopes in specific proteins of B. bacilliformis by bioinformatics analysis. In this study, We used an in-silico analysis employing six web servers for the identification of epitopes in proteins of B. bacilliformis. The selection of B. bacilliformis-specific proteins and their analysis to identify epitopes allowed the selection of seven protein candidates that are expected to have high antigenic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yanina Zarate-Sulca
- Laboratory of Vector-Borne Bacterial Diseases. National Institute of Health, Lima, Peru
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
McClain MS, Bryant KN, McDonald WH, Algood HMS, Cover TL. Identification of an Essential LolD-Like Protein in Helicobacter pylori. J Bacteriol 2023; 205:e0005223. [PMID: 36971548 PMCID: PMC10127691 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00052-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The localization of lipoprotein (Lol) system is used by Gram-negative bacteria to export lipoproteins to the outer membrane. Lol proteins and models of how Lol transfers lipoproteins from the inner to the outer membrane have been extensively characterized in the model organism Escherichia coli, but in numerous bacterial species, lipoprotein synthesis and export pathways deviate from the E. coli paradigm. For example, in the human gastric bacterium Helicobacter pylori, a homolog of the E. coli outer membrane component LolB is not found, E. coli LolC and LolE correspond to a single inner membrane component (LolF), and a homolog of the E. coli cytoplasmic ATPase LolD has not been identified. In the present study, we sought to identify a LolD-like protein in H. pylori. We used affinity-purification mass spectrometry to identify interaction partners of the H. pylori ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family permease LolF and identified the ABC family ATP-binding protein HP0179 as its interaction partner. We engineered H. pylori to conditionally express HP0179 and showed that HP0179 and its conserved ATP binding and ATP hydrolysis motifs are essential for H. pylori growth. We then performed affinity purification-mass spectrometry using HP0179 as the bait and identified LolF as its interaction partner. These results indicate that H. pylori HP0179 is a LolD-like protein and provide a more complete understanding of lipoprotein localization processes in H. pylori, a bacterium in which the Lol system deviates from the E. coli paradigm. IMPORTANCE Lipoproteins are critical in Gram-negative-bacteria for cell surface assembly of LPS, insertion of outer membrane proteins, and sensing envelope stress. Lipoproteins also contribute to bacterial pathogenesis. For many of these functions, lipoproteins must localize to the Gram-negative outer membrane. Transporting lipoproteins to the outer membrane involves the Lol sorting pathway. Detailed analyses of the Lol pathway have been performed in the model organism Escherichia coli, but many bacteria utilize altered components or are missing essential components of the E. coli Lol pathway. Identifying a LolD-like protein in Helicobacter pylori is important to better understand the Lol pathway in diverse bacterial classes. This becomes particularly relevant as lipoprotein localization is targeted for antimicrobial development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. McClain
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kaeli N. Bryant
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - W. Hayes McDonald
- Proteomics Laboratory, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Holly M. Scott Algood
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Timothy L. Cover
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Vercruysse M, Dylus D. Special issue of BBA reviews — Molecular Cell Research: The Gram-negative envelope and potential targets for novel antibiotics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA (BBA) - MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119472. [PMID: 37011731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
|
24
|
Wei X, Moreno-Hagelsieb G, Glick BR, Doxey AC. Comparative analysis of adenylate isopentenyl transferase genes in plant growth-promoting bacteria and plant pathogenic bacteria. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13955. [PMID: 36938451 PMCID: PMC10018469 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinin is a major phytohormone that has been used in agriculture as a plant-growth stimulating compound since its initial discovery in the 1960s. Isopentenyl transferase (IPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme for cytokinin biosynthesis, which is produced by plants as well as bacteria including both plant pathogenic species and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). It has been hypothesized that there may be differences in IPT function between plant pathogens and PGPB. However, a comprehensive comparison of IPT genes between plant pathogenic and PGPB species has not been performed. Here, we performed a global comparison of IPT genes across bacteria, analyzing their DNA sequences, codon usage, phyletic distribution, promoter structure and genomic context. We found that adenylate type IPT genes are highly specific to plant-associated bacteria and subdivide into two major clades: clade A, largely composed of proteobacterial plant pathogens; and clade B, largely composed of actinomycete PGPB species. Besides these phylogenetic differences, we identified several genomic features that suggest differences in IPT regulation between pathogens and PGPB. Pathogen-associated IPTs tended to occur in predicted virulence loci, whereas PGPB-associated IPTs tended to co-occur with other genes involved in cytokinin metabolism and degradation. Pathogen-associated IPTs also showed elevated gene copy numbers, significant deviation in codon usage patterns, and extended promoters, suggesting differences in regulation and activity levels. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that differences in IPT regulation and activity exist between plant pathogens and PGPB, which determine their effect on plant host phenotypes through the control of cytokinin levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wei
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | | | - Bernard R. Glick
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Andrew C. Doxey
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Takahashi D, Miyata M. Sequence analyses of a lipoprotein conserved with bacterial actins responsible for swimming motility of wall-less helical Spiroplasma. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2023; 2023:10.17912/micropub.biology.000713. [PMID: 37033705 PMCID: PMC10074174 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Spiroplasma is a genus of pathogenic or commensal cell-wall-deficient helical bacterium. Spiroplasma -specific protein fibril and five classes of bacterial actins, MreB1-5, are involved in a helical ribbon structure responsible for helical-cell morphology and swimming motility. A gene for a hypothetical protein-SPE_1229, 7th protein-has been found in the locus coding mreB s. In this study, we characterized the 7th protein using in silico methods and found that it could be a lipoprotein whose gene is encoded downstream of mreB3 and conserved in a clade of Spiroplasma .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Takahashi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Miyata
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- The OMU Advanced Research Center for Natural Science and Technology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Correspondence to: Makoto Miyata (
)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Type IV Pili Are a Critical Virulence Factor in Clinical Isolates of Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus. mBio 2022; 13:e0268822. [PMID: 36374038 PMCID: PMC9765702 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02688-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrocephalus, the leading indication for childhood neurosurgery worldwide, is particularly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries. Hydrocephalus preceded by an infection, or postinfectious hydrocephalus, accounts for up to 60% of hydrocephalus in these areas. Since many children with hydrocephalus suffer poor long-term outcomes despite surgical intervention, prevention of hydrocephalus remains paramount. Our previous studies implicated a novel bacterial pathogen, Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus, as a causal agent of neonatal sepsis and postinfectious hydrocephalus in Uganda. Here, we report the isolation of three P. thiaminolyticus strains, Mbale, Mbale2, and Mbale3, from patients with postinfectious hydrocephalus. We constructed complete genome assemblies of the clinical isolates as well as the nonpathogenic P. thiaminolyticus reference strain and performed comparative genomic and proteomic analyses to identify potential virulence factors. All three isolates carry a unique beta-lactamase gene, and two of the three isolates exhibit resistance in culture to the beta-lactam antibiotics penicillin and ampicillin. In addition, a cluster of genes carried on a mobile genetic element that encodes a putative type IV pilus operon is present in all three clinical isolates but absent in the reference strain. CRISPR-mediated deletion of the gene cluster substantially reduced the virulence of the Mbale strain in mice. Comparative proteogenomic analysis identified various additional potential virulence factors likely acquired on mobile genetic elements in the virulent strains. These results provide insight into the emergence of virulence in P. thiaminolyticus and suggest avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of this novel bacterial pathogen. IMPORTANCE Postinfectious hydrocephalus, a devastating sequela of neonatal infection, is associated with increased childhood mortality and morbidity. A novel bacterial pathogen, Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus, is highly associated with postinfectious hydrocephalus in an African cohort. Whole-genome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and proteomics of clinical isolates and a reference strain in combination with CRISPR editing identified type IV pili as a critical virulence factor for P. thiaminolyticus infection. Acquisition of a type IV pilus-encoding mobile genetic element critically contributed to converting a nonpathogenic strain of P. thiaminolyticus into a pathogen capable of causing devastating diseases. Given the widespread presence of type IV pilus in pathogens, the presence of the type IV pilus operon could serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic target in P. thiaminolyticus and related bacteria.
Collapse
|
27
|
Kuijk MM, Wu Y, van Hensbergen VP, Shanlitourk G, Payré C, Lambeau G, Man-Bovenkerk S, Herrmann J, Müller R, van Strijp JAG, Pannekoek Y, Touqui L, van Sorge NM. Interference with Lipoprotein Maturation Sensitizes Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus to Human Group IIA-Secreted Phospholipase A2 and Daptomycin. J Innate Immun 2022; 15:333-350. [PMID: 36473432 PMCID: PMC10643906 DOI: 10.1159/000527549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been classified as a high priority pathogen by the World Health Organization underlining the high demand for new therapeutics to treat infections. Human group IIA-secreted phospholipase A2 (hGIIA) is among the most potent bactericidal proteins against Gram-positive bacteria, including S. aureus. To determine hGIIA-resistance mechanisms of MRSA, we screened the Nebraska Transposon Mutant Library using a sublethal concentration of recombinant hGIIA. We identified and confirmed the role of lspA, encoding the lipoprotein signal peptidase LspA, as a new hGIIA resistance gene in both in vitro assays and an infection model in hGIIA-transgenic mice. Increased susceptibility of the lspA mutant was associated with enhanced activity of hGIIA on the cell membrane. Moreover, lspA deletion increased susceptibility to daptomycin, a last-resort antibiotic to treat MRSA infections. MRSA wild type could be sensitized to hGIIA and daptomycin killing through exposure to LspA-specific inhibitors globomycin and myxovirescin A1. Analysis of >26,000 S. aureus genomes showed that LspA is highly sequence-conserved, suggesting universal application of LspA inhibition. The role of LspA in hGIIA resistance was not restricted to MRSA since Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis were also more hGIIA-susceptible after lspA deletion or LspA inhibition, respectively. Overall, our data suggest that pharmacological interference with LspA may disarm Gram-positive pathogens, including MRSA, to enhance clearance by innate host defense molecules and clinically applied antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marieke M Kuijk
- Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
| | - Yongzheng Wu
- Unité de Biologie Cellulaire de l'Infection Microbionne, CNRS UMR3691, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Vincent P van Hensbergen
- Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gizem Shanlitourk
- Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Payré
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Gérard Lambeau
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Sandra Man-Bovenkerk
- Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Department of Pharmacy at Saarland University, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Pharmacy at Saarland University, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jos A G van Strijp
- Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Pannekoek
- Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lhousseine Touqui
- Mucoviscidose et Bronchopathies Chroniques, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Nina M van Sorge
- Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Meningitis, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Meng F, Li L, Zhang Z, Lin Z, Zhang J, Song X, Xue T, Xing C, Liang X, Zhang X. Biosynthetic neoantigen displayed on bacteria derived vesicles elicit systemic antitumour immunity. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12289. [PMID: 36468941 PMCID: PMC9721206 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoantigens derived from mutant proteins in tumour cells could elicit potent personalized anti-tumour immunity. Nevertheless, the layout of vaccine vehicle and synthesis of neoantigen are pivotal for stimulating robust response. The power of synthetic biology enables genetic programming bacteria to produce therapeutic agents under contol of the gene circuits. Herein, we genetically engineered bacteria to synthesize fusion neoantigens, and prepared bacteria derived vesicles (BDVs) presenting the neoantigens (BDVs-Neo) as personalized therapeutic vaccine to drive systemic antitumour response. BDVs-Neo and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were inoculated subcutaneously within hydrogel (Gel), whereas sustaining release of BDVs-Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and GM-CSF recruited the dendritic cells (DCs). Virtually, Gel-BDVs-Neo combined with the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody intensively enhanced proliferation and activation of tumour-infiltrated T cells, as well as memory T cell clone expansion. Consequently, BDVs-Neo combining with checkpoint blockade therapy effectively prevented tumour relapse and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanqiang Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of MedicineShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen University, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongPR China
| | - Liyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of MedicineShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen University, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongPR China
| | - Zhirang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of MedicineShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen University, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongPR China
| | - Zhongda Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of MedicineShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen University, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongPR China
| | - Jinxie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongPR China
| | - Xiao Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of MedicineShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen University, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongPR China
| | - Tianyuan Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of MedicineShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen University, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongPR China
| | - Chenyang Xing
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of EducationCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenPR China
| | - Xin Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular DiagnosticsKey Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue EngineeringSchool of Basic Medical SciencesGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanPR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences‐Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenPR China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of MedicineShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen University, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongPR China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Natural Inhibitors Targeting the Localization of Lipoprotein System in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214352. [PMID: 36430829 PMCID: PMC9696335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The localization of lipoprotein (Lol) system is responsible for the transport of lipoproteins in the outer membrane (OM) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. LolB catalyzes the last step in the Lol system, where lipoproteins are inserted into the OM. If the function of LolB is impeded, growth of V. parahaemolyticus is inhibited, due to lack of an intact OM barrier for protection against the external environment. Additionally, it becomes progressively harder to generate antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In this study, LolB was employed as the receptor for a high-throughput virtual screening from a natural compounds database. Compounds with higher glide score were selected for an inhibition assay against V. parahaemolyticus. It was found that procyanidin, stevioside, troxerutin and rutin had both exciting binding affinity with LolB in the micromolar range and preferable antibacterial activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition rates of 100 ppm were 87.89%, 86.2%, 91.39% and 83.71%, respectively. The bacteriostatic mechanisms of the four active compounds were explored further via fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking, illustrating that each molecule formed a stable complex with LolB via hydrogen bonds and pi-pi stacking interactions. Additionally, the critical sites for interaction with V. parahaemolyticus LolB, Tyr108 and Gln68, were also illustrated. This paper demonstrates the inhibition of LolB, thus, leading to antibacterial activity, and identifies LolB as a promising drug target for the first time. These compounds could be the basis for potential antibacterial agents against V. parahaemolyticus.
Collapse
|
30
|
Virulence Genes and In Vitro Antibiotic Profile of Photobacterium damselae Strains, Isolated from Fish Reared in Greek Aquaculture Facilities. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223133. [PMID: 36428362 PMCID: PMC9687077 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the species Photobacterium damselae are pathogens of cultured marine fish, causing diseases of high importance, such as Pasteurellosis. Thus, they are considered a major threat to the aquaculture sector. Despite the great importance of fish mariculture for the Greek economy, the distribution and abundance of these bacteria are not well documented in aquaculture units in Greece. Keeping this in mind, the scope of the present study was to investigate the presence, antibiotic profile, and virulence of Photobacterium bacteria originating from a representative sample of mariculture units throughout Greece. Samples were collected from diseased fish belonging to three different cultured fish species, namely Sparus aurata, Dicentrarchus labrax, and Pagrus pagrus, from both the Aegean and the Ionian Sea. Tissue samples were cultured in agar media, and bacteria were molecularly identified using both bacterial universal and species-specific primer pairs for Photobacterium spp. Additionally, the identified strains were characterized for the presence of virulence genes as well as antibiotic profiles. According to the results, the aforementioned bacteria are distributed in the Greek aquaculture units and are characterized by high pathogenicity based on the abundance of virulence genes. Furthermore, the majority of the detected strains exhibit some level of antibiotic resistance. In summary, our results indicate the need for systematic surveillance and study of their antibiotic profiles in Greek aquaculture since these bacteria constitute a major threat to the sector.
Collapse
|
31
|
Okada U, Murakami S. Structural and functional characteristics of the tripartite ABC transporter. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168. [PMID: 36409601 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are one of the largest protein superfamilies and are found in all living organisms. These transporters use the energy from ATP binding and hydrolysis to transport various substrates. In this review, we focus on the structural and functional aspects of ABC transporters, with special emphasis on type VII ABC transporters, a newly defined class possessing characteristic structures. A notable feature of type VII ABC transporters is that they assemble into tripartite complexes that span both the inner and outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. One of the original type VII ABC transporters, which possesses all characteristic features of this class, is the macrolide efflux transporter MacB. Recent structural analyses of MacB and homologue proteins revealed the unique mechanisms of substrate translocation by type VII ABC transporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ui Okada
- Department of Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Mirori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Murakami
- Department of Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Mirori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mohammad M, Ali A, Nguyen MT, Götz F, Pullerits R, Jin T. Staphylococcus aureus lipoproteins in infectious diseases. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1006765. [PMID: 36262324 PMCID: PMC9574248 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1006765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections with the Gram-positive bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus remain a major challenge for the healthcare system and demand new treatment options. The increasing antibiotic resistance of S. aureus poses additional challenges, consequently inflicting a huge strain in the society due to enormous healthcare costs. S. aureus expresses multiple molecules, including bacterial lipoproteins (Lpps), which play a role not only in immune response but also in disease pathogenesis. S. aureus Lpps, the predominant ligands of TLR2, are important for bacterial survival as they maintain the metabolic activity of the bacteria. Moreover, Lpps possess many diverse properties that are of vital importance for the bacteria. They also contribute to host cell invasion but so far their role in different staphylococcal infections has not been fully defined. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about S. aureus Lpps and their distinct roles in various infectious disease animal models, such as septic arthritis, sepsis, and skin and soft tissue infections. The molecular and cellular response of the host to S. aureus Lpp exposure is also a primary focus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majd Mohammad
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Majd Mohammad,
| | - Abukar Ali
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Minh-Thu Nguyen
- Section of Medical and Geographical Infectiology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Friedrich Götz
- Department of Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rille Pullerits
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Signal sequence contributes to the immunogenicity of Pasteurella multocida lipoprotein E. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102200. [PMID: 36423524 PMCID: PMC9681653 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant Pasterurella multocida lipoprotein E (PlpE) has been shown to protect against fowl cholera. This study aimed to determine if the signal sequence may contribute to the antigenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant PlpE. A small antigenic domain of PlpE (termed truncated PlpE, tPlpE) was constructed with (SP-tPlpE) or without (tPlpE) the signal sequence and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the HEK-Bule hTLR2 Cells were used to evaluate the activation of NF-kB in the test associated with the stimulation of the SP-tPlpE and tPlpE proteins. When chickens were immunized, compared to the tPlpE vaccine group, the SP-tPlpE group showed higher antibody levels and enhanced CD4+ T cell response. In a challenge test, the SP-tPlpE group showed a survival rate of 87.5% (n = 8), compared to 25% for the tPlpE group. It is confirmed that the inclusion of the native signal sequence enhanced protective efficacy against fowl cholera and may act as a vaccine adjuvant. The short SP-tPlpE construct is amenable to further vaccine engineering and has potential to be developed as a fowl cholera vaccine.
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhou J, Cai Y, Liu Y, An H, Deng K, Ashraf MA, Zou L, Wang J. Breaking down the cell wall: Still an attractive antibacterial strategy. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:952633. [PMID: 36212892 PMCID: PMC9544107 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.952633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the advent of penicillin, humans have known about and explored the phenomenon of bacterial inhibition via antibiotics. However, with changes in the global environment and the abuse of antibiotics, resistance mechanisms have been selected in bacteria, presenting huge threats and challenges to the global medical and health system. Thus, the study and development of new antimicrobials is of unprecedented urgency and difficulty. Bacteria surround themselves with a cell wall to maintain cell rigidity and protect against environmental insults. Humans have taken advantage of antibiotics to target the bacterial cell wall, yielding some of the most widely used antibiotics to date. The cell wall is essential for bacterial growth and virulence but is absent from humans, remaining a high-priority target for antibiotic screening throughout the antibiotic era. Here, we review the extensively studied targets, i.e., MurA, MurB, MurC, MurD, MurE, MurF, Alr, Ddl, MurI, MurG, lipid A, and BamA in the cell wall, starting from the very beginning to the latest developments to elucidate antimicrobial screening. Furthermore, recent advances, including MraY and MsbA in peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide, and tagO, LtaS, LspA, Lgt, Lnt, Tol-Pal, MntC, and OspA in teichoic acid and lipoprotein, have also been profoundly discussed. The review further highlights that the application of new methods such as macromolecular labeling, compound libraries construction, and structure-based drug design will inspire researchers to screen ideal antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Zhou
- The People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Cai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Haoyue An
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Kaihong Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Muhammad Awais Ashraf
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Lili Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Wang
- The People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Deletion of a previously uncharacterized lipoprotein lirL confers resistance to an inhibitor of type II signal peptidase in Acinetobacter baumannii. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2123117119. [PMID: 36099298 PMCID: PMC9499571 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2123117119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibiting bacterial lipoprotein biosynthesis in Enterobacteriaceae is an attractive antibacterial strategy to target multidrug resistance, and mechanisms of resistance to prolipoprotein signal peptidase (LspA) inhibitors in Escherichia coli are relatively well understood. In contrast, it has been challenging to understand the mechanisms of resistance to LspA inhibitors in Acinetobacter baumannii due to the substantially lower inhibitor potencies and the lack of a homologous lpp gene. By increasing the antibacterial potency of the LspA inhibitor, globomycin, against wild-type A. baumannii, we were able to examine resistance to LspA inhibitors, resulting in the identification of a previously uncharacterized highly abundant lipoprotein, LspA inhibitor resistance lipoprotein. This study reveals insights into resistance mechanisms of A. baumannii against inhibitors of bacterial lipoprotein biosynthesis. Acinetobacter baumannii is a clinically important, predominantly health care–associated gram-negative bacterium with high rates of emerging resistance worldwide. Given the urgent need for novel antibacterial therapies against A. baumannii, we focused on inhibiting lipoprotein biosynthesis, a pathway that is essential for envelope biogenesis in gram-negative bacteria. The natural product globomycin, which inhibits the essential type II signal peptidase prolipoprotein signal peptidase (LspA), is ineffective against wild-type A. baumannii clinical isolates due to its poor penetration through the outer membrane. Here, we describe a globomycin analog, G5132, that is more potent against wild-type and clinical A. baumannii isolates. Mutations leading to G5132 resistance in A. baumannii map to the signal peptide of a single hypothetical gene, which we confirm encodes an alanine-rich lipoprotein and have renamed lirL (prolipoprotein signal peptidase inhibitor resistance lipoprotein). LirL is a highly abundant lipoprotein primarily localized to the inner membrane. Deletion of lirL leads to G5132 resistance, inefficient cell division, increased sensitivity to serum, and attenuated virulence. Signal peptide mutations that confer resistance to G5132 lead to the accumulation of diacylglyceryl-modified LirL prolipoprotein in untreated cells without significant loss in cell viability, suggesting that these mutations overcome a block in lipoprotein biosynthetic flux by decreasing LirL prolipoprotein substrate sensitivity to processing by LspA. This study characterizes a lipoprotein that plays a critical role in resistance to LspA inhibitors and validates lipoprotein biosynthesis as a antibacterial target in A. baumannii.
Collapse
|
36
|
Lee S, Chen J. Identification of the genetic elements involved in biofilm formation by Salmonella enterica serovar Tennessee using mini-Tn10 mutagenesis and DNA sequencing. Food Microbiol 2022; 106:104043. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
37
|
Kroniger T, Mehanny M, Schlüter R, Trautwein-Schult A, Köllner B, Becher D. Effect of Iron Limitation, Elevated Temperature, and Florfenicol on the Proteome and Vesiculation of the Fish Pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091735. [PMID: 36144337 PMCID: PMC9503180 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the proteomic response of the Gram-negative fish pathogen A. salmonicida to iron limitation, an elevated incubation temperature, and the antibiotic florfenicol. Proteins from different subcellular fractions (cytosol, inner membrane, outer membrane, extracellular and outer membrane vesicles) were enriched and analyzed. We identified several iron-regulated proteins that were not reported in the literature for A. salmonicida before. We could also show that hemolysin, an oxidative-stress-resistance chaperone, a putative hemin receptor, an M36 peptidase, and an uncharacterized protein were significantly higher in abundance not only under iron limitation but also with an elevated incubation temperature. This may indicate that these proteins involved in the infection process of A. salmonicida are induced by both factors. The analysis of the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) with and without applied stresses revealed significant differences in the proteomes. OMVs were smaller and contained more cytoplasmic proteins after antibiotic treatment. After cultivation with low iron availability, several iron-regulated proteins were found in the OMVs, indicating that A. salmonicida OMVs potentially have a function in iron acquisition, as reported for other bacteria. The presence of iron-regulated transporters further indicates that OMVs obtained from ‘stressed’ bacteria might be suitable vaccine candidates that induce a protective anti-virulence immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kroniger
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Microbial Proteomics, Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mina Mehanny
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Rabea Schlüter
- Imaging Center of the Department of Biology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anke Trautwein-Schult
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Microbial Proteomics, Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bernd Köllner
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Dörte Becher
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Microbial Proteomics, Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3834-420-5903
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
He LY, Yu YB, Liu Y, Le YJ, Li S, Yang XY. Immunization with the lipoprotein FtsB stimulates protective immunity against Streptococcus pyogenes infection in mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:969490. [PMID: 36016779 PMCID: PMC9396372 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.969490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes is one of the main pathogenic bacteria that causes disease in humans. It is reported that over 18 million cases of S. pyogenes disease occurred in the world, and more than 500,000 deaths occur annually worldwide. An effective vaccine is widely regarded as the most reliable way to control and prevent streptococcal infections. However, there is currently no approved vaccine for S. pyogenes. In this study, we evaluated the potential of lipoprotein FtsB as a new vaccine candidate to prevent S. pyogenes infection. Mice vaccinated with purified FtsB protein elicited high titers of IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies in mouse serum. Vaccinated with FtsB can reduce bacterial systemic dissemination in the blood, heart, and spleen and reduce organ damage in the mouse bacteremia model. In addition, active immunization with FtsB protected against streptococcal abscess formation. Furthermore, immunization with FtsB was efficient in inducing a mixed cellular immune response and promoting the maturation of dendritic cells in mice. The lipoprotein HtsA was served as a positive control because it has been reported to protect mice from S. pyogenes infection in both active and passive immunization. These findings demonstrated that lipoprotein FtsB may serve as a candidate vaccine for the prevention of S. pyogenes infection.
Collapse
|
39
|
A Defect in Lipoprotein Modification by Lgt Leads to Abnormal Morphology and Cell Death in Escherichia coli That Is Independent of Major Lipoprotein Lpp. J Bacteriol 2022; 204:e0016422. [PMID: 35938851 PMCID: PMC9487459 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00164-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Lgt is an essential enzyme in proteobacteria and therefore a potential target for novel antibiotics. The effect of Lgt depletion on growth, morphology, and viability was studied in Escherichia coli to assess whether absence of Lgt leads to cell death. Two Lgt depletion strains were used in which lgt was under the control of an arabinose-inducible promoter that allowed regulation of Lgt protein levels. Reduced levels of Lgt led to severe growth and morphological defects that could be restored by expressing lgt in trans, demonstrating that only Lgt is responsible for the distorted phenotypes. In the absence of major lipoprotein Lpp, growth defects were partially restored when low levels of Lgt were still present; however, lgt could not be deleted in the absence of Lpp. Our results demonstrate that Lpp is not the main cause of cell death under conditions of Lgt depletion and that other lipoproteins are important in cell envelope biogenesis and cell viability. Specific inhibitors of Lgt are thus promising for the development of novel antibiotics. IMPORTANCE Incomplete maturation and envelope mislocalization of lipoproteins, through inhibition or mutations in lipoprotein modification enzymes or transport to the outer membrane, are lethal in proteobacteria. Resistance to small-molecule inhibition or the appearance of suppressor mutations is often directly correlated with the presence of abundant outer membrane lipoprotein Lpp. Our results show that Lgt, the first enzyme of the lipoprotein modification pathway, is still required for growth and viability in the absence of Lpp and thus is necessary for the function of other essential lipoproteins in the cell envelope. This adds credence to the hypothesis that Lgt is essential in proteobacteria and an attractive target for the development of novel antibiotics.
Collapse
|
40
|
Blancá B, Hayes JA, Surmann K, Hugo V, Hentschker C, Lamberti Y, Völker U, Rodriguez ME. Bordetella pertussis outer membrane vesicles as virulence factor vehicles that influence bacterial interaction with macrophages. Pathog Dis 2022; 80:6655986. [PMID: 35927587 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria constitutively shed outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) which play a significant role in the host-pathogen interaction, eventually determining the outcome of the infection. We previously found that Bordetella pertussis, the etiological agent of whooping cough, survives the innate interaction with human macrophages remaining alive inside these immune cells. Adenylate cyclase (CyaA), one of the main toxins of this pathogen, was found involved in the modulation of the macrophage defense response, eventually promoting bacterial survival within the cells. We here investigated whether B. pertussis OMVs, loaded with most of the bacterial toxins and CyaA among them, modulate the macrophage response to the bacterial infection. We observed that the pre-incubation of macrophages with OMVs led to a decreased macrophage defense response to the encounter with the bacteria, in a CyaA dependent way. Our results suggest that CyaA delivered by B. pertussis OMVs dampens macrophages protective function by decreasing phagocytosis and the bactericidal capability of these host cells. By increasing the chances of bacterial survival to the innate encounter with the macrophages, B. pertussis OMVs might play a relevant role in the course of infection, promoting bacterial persistence within the host and eventually, shaping the whole infection process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Blancá
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jimena Alvarez Hayes
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Kristin Surmann
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Valdez Hugo
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Christian Hentschker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yanina Lamberti
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - María Eugenia Rodriguez
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Akbari MS, Doran KS, Burcham LR. Metal Homeostasis in Pathogenic Streptococci. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081501. [PMID: 35893559 PMCID: PMC9331361 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus spp. are an important genus of Gram-positive bacteria, many of which are opportunistic pathogens that are capable of causing invasive disease in a wide range of populations. Metals, especially transition metal ions, are an essential nutrient for all organisms. Therefore, to survive across dynamic host environments, Streptococci have evolved complex systems to withstand metal stress and maintain metal homeostasis, especially during colonization and infection. There are many different types of transport systems that are used by bacteria to import or export metals that can be highly specific or promiscuous. Focusing on the most well studied transition metals of zinc, manganese, iron, nickel, and copper, this review aims to summarize the current knowledge of metal homeostasis in pathogenic Streptococci, and their role in virulence.
Collapse
|
42
|
More than Antibiotics: Latest Therapeutics in the Treatment and Prevention of Ocular Surface Infections. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11144195. [PMID: 35887958 PMCID: PMC9323953 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular surface infections have been common issues for ophthalmologists for decades. Traditional strategies for infection include antibiotics, antiviral agents, and steroids. However, multiple drug-resistant bacteria have become more common with the prevalence of antibiotic use. Furthermore, an ideal treatment for an infectious disease should not only emphasize eliminating the microorganism but also maintaining clear and satisfying visual acuity. Immunogenetic inflammation, tissue fibrosis, and corneal scarring pose serious threats to vision, and they are not attenuated or prevented by traditional antimicrobial therapeutics. Herein, we collected information about current management techniques including stem-cell therapy, probiotics, and gene therapy as well as preventive strategies related to Toll-like receptors. Finally, we will introduce the latest research findings in ocular drug-delivery systems, which may enhance the bioavailability and efficiency of ocular therapeutics. The clinical application of improved delivery systems and novel therapeutics may support people suffering from ocular surface infections.
Collapse
|
43
|
Evsyutina DV, Semashko TA, Galyamina MA, Kovalchuk SI, Ziganshin RH, Ladygina VG, Fisunov GY, Pobeguts OV. Molecular Basis of the Slow Growth of Mycoplasma hominis on Different Energy Sources. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:918557. [PMID: 35873139 PMCID: PMC9301678 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.918557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hominis is an opportunistic urogenital pathogen in vertebrates. It is a non-glycolytic species that produces energy via arginine degradation. Among genital mycoplasmas, M. hominis is the most commonly reported to play a role in systemic infections and can persist in the host for a long time. However, it is unclear how M. hominis proceeds under arginine limitation. The recent metabolic reconstruction of M. hominis has demonstrated its ability to catabolize deoxyribose phosphate to produce ATP. In this study, we cultivated M. hominis on two different energy sources (arginine and thymidine) and demonstrated the differences in growth rate, antibiotic sensitivity, and biofilm formation. Using label-free quantitative proteomics, we compared the proteome of M. hominis under these conditions. A total of 466 proteins were identified from M. hominis, representing approximately 85% of the predicted proteome, while the levels of 94 proteins changed significantly. As expected, we observed changes in the levels of metabolic enzymes. The energy source strongly affects the synthesis of enzymes related to RNA modifications and ribosome assembly. The translocation of lipoproteins and other membrane-associated proteins was also impaired. Our study, the first global characterization of the proteomic switching of M. hominis in arginine-deficiency media, illustrates energy source-dependent control of pathogenicity factors and can help to determine the mechanisms underlying the interaction between the growth rate and fitness of genome-reduced bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria V. Evsyutina
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Scientific Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine Nauchniy proezd 18, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Daria V. Evsyutina,
| | - Tatiana A. Semashko
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Scientific Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine Nauchniy proezd 18, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A. Galyamina
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey I. Kovalchuk
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rustam H. Ziganshin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina G. Ladygina
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gleb Y. Fisunov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Scientific Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine Nauchniy proezd 18, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V. Pobeguts
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
The Ankyrin Repeat Protein RARP-1 Is a Periplasmic Factor That Supports Rickettsia parkeri Growth and Host Cell Invasion. J Bacteriol 2022; 204:e0018222. [PMID: 35727033 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00182-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rickettsia spp. are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens that have evolved a variety of strategies to exploit their host cell niche. However, the bacterial factors that contribute to this intracellular lifestyle are poorly understood. Here, we show that the conserved ankyrin repeat protein RARP-1 supports Rickettsia parkeri infection. Specifically, RARP-1 promotes efficient host cell entry and growth within the host cytoplasm, but it is not necessary for cell-to-cell spread or evasion of host autophagy. We further demonstrate that RARP-1 is not secreted into the host cytoplasm by R. parkeri. Instead, RARP-1 resides in the periplasm, and we identify several binding partners that are predicted to work in concert with RARP-1 during infection. Altogether, our data reveal that RARP-1 plays a critical role in the rickettsial life cycle. IMPORTANCE Rickettsia spp. are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens that pose a growing threat to human health. Nevertheless, their strict reliance on a host cell niche has hindered investigation of the molecular mechanisms driving rickettsial infection. This study yields much-needed insight into the Rickettsia ankyrin repeat protein RARP-1, which is conserved across the genus but has not yet been functionally characterized. Earlier work had suggested that RARP-1 is secreted into the host cytoplasm. However, the results from this work demonstrate that R. parkeri RARP-1 resides in the periplasm and is important both for invasion of host cells and for growth in the host cell cytoplasm. These results reveal RARP-1 as a novel regulator of the rickettsial life cycle.
Collapse
|
45
|
Sheerin D, Dold C, Silva-Reyes L, Linder A, Pollard AJ, Rollier CS. Inclusion of a dual signal sequence enhances the immunogenicity of a novel viral vectored vaccine against the capsular group B meningococcus. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:86. [PMID: 35690803 PMCID: PMC9187930 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00809-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease caused by the capsular group B meningococcus (MenB) is the leading cause of infectious death in UK infants. A novel adenovirus-based vaccine encoding the MenB factor H binding protein (fHbp) with an N-terminal dual signal sequence induces high titres of protective antibody after a single dose in mice. A panel of N-terminal signal sequence variants were created to assess the contribution of components of this sequence to transgene expression kinetics of the encoded antigen from mammalian cells and the resultant effect on immunogenicity of fHbp. RESULTS The full-length signal sequence (FL SS) resulted in superior early antigen expression compared with the panel of variants, as measured by flow cytometry and confocal imaging, and supported higher bactericidal antibody levels against the expressed antigen in mouse sera < 6 weeks post-immunisation than the licensed four component MenB vaccine. The FL SS also significantly increased antigen-specific T cell responses against other adenovirus-encoded bacterial antigens in mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that the FL SS enhances immunogenicity of the encoded antigen, supporting its inclusion in other viral vectored bacterial antigen transgenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Sheerin
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK. .,Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, Institute of Medical Research (WEHI), The Walter & Eliza Hall, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Christina Dold
- grid.415719.f0000 0004 0488 9484Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Laura Silva-Reyes
- grid.415719.f0000 0004 0488 9484Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Aline Linder
- grid.415719.f0000 0004 0488 9484Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew J. Pollard
- grid.415719.f0000 0004 0488 9484Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Christine S. Rollier
- grid.415719.f0000 0004 0488 9484Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK ,grid.5475.30000 0004 0407 4824Present Address: Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Steimbrüch BA, Sartorio MG, Cortez N, Albanesi D, Lisa MN, Repizo GD. The distinctive roles played by the superoxide dismutases of the extremophile Acinetobacter sp. Ver3. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4321. [PMID: 35279679 PMCID: PMC8918354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter sp. Ver3 is a polyextremophilic strain characterized by a high tolerance to radiation and pro-oxidants. The Ver3 genome comprises the sodB and sodC genes encoding an iron (AV3SodB) and a copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (AV3SodC), respectively; however, the specific role(s) of these genes has remained elusive. We show that the expression of sodB remained unaltered in different oxidative stress conditions whereas sodC was up-regulated in the presence of blue light. Besides, we studied the changes in the in vitro activity of each SOD enzyme in response to diverse agents and solved the crystal structure of AV3SodB at 1.34 Å, one of the highest resolutions achieved for a SOD. Cell fractionation studies interestingly revealed that AV3SodB is located in the cytosol whereas AV3SodC is also found in the periplasm. Consistently, a bioinformatic analysis of the genomes of 53 Acinetobacter species pointed out the presence of at least one SOD type in each compartment, suggesting that these enzymes are separately required to cope with oxidative stress. Surprisingly, AV3SodC was found in an active state also in outer membrane vesicles, probably exerting a protective role. Overall, our multidisciplinary approach highlights the relevance of SOD enzymes when Acinetobacterspp. are confronted with oxidizing agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Alejandro Steimbrüch
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mariana Gabriela Sartorio
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Néstor Cortez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Daniela Albanesi
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina.,Plataforma de Biología Estructural y Metabolómica (PLABEM), Ocampo y Esmeralda, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - María-Natalia Lisa
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina. .,Plataforma de Biología Estructural y Metabolómica (PLABEM), Ocampo y Esmeralda, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Guillermo Daniel Repizo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Tan X, Dai X, Chen T, Wu Y, Yang D, Zheng Y, Chen H, Wan X, Yang Y. Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of Ralstonia solanacearum Strain PeaFJ1 Provides Insights Into Its Strong Virulence in Peanut Plants. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:830900. [PMID: 35273586 PMCID: PMC8904134 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.830900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial wilt of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a devastating soil-borne disease that seriously restricted the world peanut production. However, the molecular mechanism of R. solanacearum–peanut interaction remains largely unknown. We found that R. solanacearum HA4-1 and PeaFJ1 isolated from peanut plants showed different pathogenicity by inoculating more than 110 cultivated peanuts. Phylogenetic tree analysis demonstrated that HA4-1 and PeaFJ1 both belonged to phylotype I and sequevar 14M, which indicates a high degree of genomic homology between them. Genomic sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of PeaFJ1 revealed 153 strain-specific genes compared with HA4-1. The PeaFJ1 strain-specific genes consisted of diverse virulence-related genes including LysR-type transcriptional regulators, two-component system-related genes, and genes contributing to motility and adhesion. In addition, the repertoire of the type III effectors of PeaFJ1 was bioinformatically compared with that of HA4-1 to find the candidate effectors responsible for their different virulences. There are 79 effectors in the PeaFJ1 genome, only 4 of which are different effectors compared with HA4-1, including RipS4, RipBB, RipBS, and RS_T3E_Hyp6. Based on the virulence profiles of the two strains against peanuts, we speculated that RipS4 and RipBB are candidate virulence effectors in PeaFJ1 while RipBS and RS_T3E_Hyp6 are avirulence effectors in HA4-1. In general, our research greatly reduced the scope of virulence-related genes and made it easier to find out the candidates that caused the difference in pathogenicity between the two strains. These results will help to reveal the molecular mechanism of peanut–R. solanacearum interaction and develop targeted control strategies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Tan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Dai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yushuang Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixiong Zheng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huilan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaorong Wan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mehanny M, Kroniger T, Koch M, Hoppstädter J, Becher D, Kiemer AK, Lehr C, Fuhrmann G. Yields and Immunomodulatory Effects of Pneumococcal Membrane Vesicles Differ with the Bacterial Growth Phase. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101151. [PMID: 34724354 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are a leading cause of death worldwide. Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are promising vaccine candidates because of the antigenic components of their parent microorganisms. Pneumococcal MVs exhibit low toxicity towards several cell lines, but their clinical translation requires a high yield and strong immunogenic effects without compromising immune cell viability. MVs are isolated during either the stationary phase (24 h) or death phase (48 h), and their yields, immunogenicity and cytotoxicity in human primary macrophages and dendritic cells have been investigated. Death-phase vesicles showed higher yields than stationary-phase vesicles. Both vesicle types displayed acceptable compatibility with primary immune cells and several cell lines. Both vesicle types showed comparable uptake and enhanced release of the inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6, from human primary immune cells. Proteomic analysis revealed similarities in vesicular immunogenic proteins such as pneumolysin, pneumococcal surface protein A, and IgA1 protease in both vesicle types, but stationary-phase MVs showed significantly lower autolysin levels than death-phase MVs. Although death-phase vesicles produced higher yields, they lacked superiority to stationary-phase vesicles as vaccine candidates owing to their similar antigenic protein cargo and comparable uptake into primary human immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Mehanny
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Biogenic Nanotherapeutics Group Campus E8.1 Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Campus E8.1 Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Tobias Kroniger
- Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes Department of Microbial Proteomics Institute of Microbiology University Greifswald Greifswald 17489 Germany
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials Campus D2.2 Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
| | - Jessica Hoppstädter
- Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Biology Saarland University Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
| | - Dörte Becher
- Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes Department of Microbial Proteomics Institute of Microbiology University Greifswald Greifswald 17489 Germany
| | - Alexandra K. Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Biology Saarland University Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
| | - Claus‐Michael Lehr
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Campus E8.1 Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Drug Delivery Department Campus E8.1 Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
| | - Gregor Fuhrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Biogenic Nanotherapeutics Group Campus E8.1 Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Campus E8.1 Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
- Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nürnberg Pharmaceutical Biology Department Biology Staudtstr. 5 Erlangen 91058 Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Taylor JA, Díez-Vives C, Nielsen S, Wemheuer B, Thomas T. Communality in microbial stress response and differential metabolic interactions revealed by time-series analysis of sponge symbionts. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:2299-2314. [PMID: 35229422 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The diversity and function of sponge-associated symbionts is now increasingly understood, however, we lack an understanding on how they dynamically behave to ensure holobiont stability in the face of environmental variation. Here we performed a metatransciptomics analysis of three microbial symbionts of the sponge Cymbastela concentrica in situ over 14 months and through differential gene expression and correlation analysis to environmental variables uncovered differences that speak to their metabolic activities and level of symbiotic and environmental interactions. The nitrite-oxidising Ca. Porinitrospira cymbastela maintained a seemingly stable metabolism, with the few differentially expressed genes related only to stress responses. The heterotrophic Ca. Porivivens multivorans displayed differential use of holobiont-derived compounds and respiration modes, while the ammonium-oxidising archaeon Ca. Nitrosopumilus cymbastelus differentially expressed genes related to phosphate metabolism and symbiosis effectors. One striking similarity between the symbionts was their similar variation in expression of stress-related genes. Our timeseries study showed that the microbial community of C. concentrica undertakes dynamic gene expression adjustments in response to the surroundings, tuned to deal with general stress and metabolic interactions between holobiont members. The success of these dynamic adjustments likely underpins the stability of the sponge holobiont and may provide resilience against environmental change. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Taylor
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cristina Díez-Vives
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shaun Nielsen
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bernd Wemheuer
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gągała-Borowska I, Karwaciak I, Jaros D, Ratajewski M, Kokociński M, Jurczak T, Remlein B, Rudnicka K, Pułaski Ł, Mankiewicz-Boczek J. Cyanobacterial cell-wall components as emerging environmental toxicants - detection and holistic monitoring by cellular signaling biosensors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150645. [PMID: 34637876 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms constitute a recognized danger to aquatic environment and public health not only due to presence of main group of cyanotoxins, such as microcystins, cylindrospermopsin or anatoxin-a, but also other emerging bioactivities. An innovative approach identifying such bioactivities is the application of cellular biosensors based on reporter genes which detect the impact of cyanobacterial cells and components on actual human cells in a physiological-like setting. In the present study biosensor cell lines detecting four different types of bioactivities (ARE - oxidative stress, NFKBRE - immunomodulatory pathogen-associated molecular patterns, AHRE - persistent organic pollutants, GRE - endocrine disruptors) were exposed to concentrated cyanobacterial cells from 21 environmental bloom samples and from eight cultures (Microcystis aeruginosa, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Planktothrix agardhii and Raphidiopsis raciborskii). The AHRE and GRE biosensors did not detect any relevant bioactivity. In turn, ARE biosensors were significantly activated by bloom samples from Jeziorsko (180-250%) and Sulejów (250-400%) reservoirs with the highest cyanobacterial biomass, while activation by cultures was weak/undetectable. The same biosensors were stimulated by microcystin-LR (250%) and anatoxin-a (150%). The NFKBRE biosensors were activated to varying extent (140-650%) by most bloom and culture samples, pointing to potential immunomodulatory toxic effects on humans. Lipopolysaccharide and lipoproteins were identified as responsible for NFKBRE activation (probably via pattern recognition receptors), while peptidoglycan had no bioactivity in this assay. Thus, the holistic approach to sample analysis with the application of cellular biosensors geared towards 4 separate pathways/bioactivities was validated for identification of novel bioactivities in organisms with recognized public health significance (e.g. this study is the first to describe cyanobacterial lipoproteins as potential environmental immunomodulators). Moreover, the ability of cellular biosensors to be activated by intact cyanobacterial cells from blooms provides proof of concept of their direct application for environmental monitoring, especially comparison of potential threats without need for chemical analysis and identification of toxicants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Gągała-Borowska
- European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364 Lodz, Poland
| | - Iwona Karwaciak
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Medical Biology PAS, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dorota Jaros
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Medical Biology PAS, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland; Mabion S.A., Langiewicza 60, 95-050 Konstantynow Lodzki, Poland
| | - Marcin Ratajewski
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology PAS, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Kokociński
- Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jurczak
- UNESCO Chair on Ecohydrology and Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Remlein
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Medical Biology PAS, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland; Mabion S.A., Langiewicza 60, 95-050 Konstantynow Lodzki, Poland
| | - Kinga Rudnicka
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Medical Biology PAS, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland; Academya Sp. z o.o., Sienkiewicza 85/87, 90-057 Lodz, Poland
| | - Łukasz Pułaski
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Medical Biology PAS, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland; Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Mankiewicz-Boczek
- European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364 Lodz, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|